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upper half of the body, the women use a long stripped cloth called Fa
Nangwait, about 2.3 meters long and 1 meter wide. A cloth belt, Chairchin, about 6 centimeters wide and 1.5 meters long) is worn around their waist. Before the attainment of puberty, girls do not wear Fa Nangwait. Instead, they wear white cloth, Fafek, about 2 meters long and 1 meter wide, with or without border, to cover the upper half of the body. If a girl has an unmarried elder sister, she does not wear a Fa Nangwait even though she has attained puberty. Wearing a Fafek is a sign of unpreparedness for marriage. All the women wear a traditional white chaddar when they go to the Vihar or to a distant place. The bride during marriage ceremony uses a similar chaddar as a veil. Elderly women wear a blouse called Chekhamchum, which extends up to the waist. Young girls and the unmarried women wear blouses of different colors but the use of sleeveless or short blouse is not encouraged. The elderly women wear a white turban all the time while the younger married women wear the same when they visit the Vihar or the weekly market. The dress of unmarried grownup girls constitutes a Chin, a Fa Fek Mai and a blouse.
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material became irregular and the Phake women had to opt for modern ornaments like earring, bracelets, gold ring, necklaces etc. It was also reported that until 1950 necklace made of silver coins was considered as a valuable ornament by the womenfolk, but today this type of necklace is hardly seen. The reason, as reported by the Phake, is that old silver rupee and half rupee coins contained much metal value and the villagers, therefore, exchanged those silver ornaments for a much higher price in terms of new coins, which, however, contain less metal value. The married women wear a pair of bangles (Beyan) made of either gold or silver. Gold or silver ring (Ungehop) is also worn by those who can afford. Necklace made of small beads is worn by the small children in order to avoid dangers from evil spirits. Bead armlets are used by some elderly people for similar purpose. Objects of natural beauty like flowers are special favorites of the teenage girls who wear those in their hair.
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wear four kinds of cloths viz; main cloth i.e. a lungi (Cham Paying), one chaddar like cloth (Chang Kan, about 9.3 meters long and 1.5 meters wide) which is used in the upper part of the body, one sanghati i.e. a locally prepared genji and one piece of cloth (about 1.2 meters long and 6 centimeters wide) to cover their secret parts. The eight inevitables (Asta
Pariskar) of a monk include the above-mentioned four varieties of clothes and a filter cloth( Jal Chakani), a blade for shaving the head fortnightly and thread and needle.
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pattern of dresses and nudity or scanty dress is disliked by all. Even a child below the age of five years is rarely seen to go without the dress. Men and women, young and old. Cover their body whether they are inside their residence or outside. The Phakes do not possess any traditional ceremonial dress. On a festive occasion, however, washed clothes are used. For their warm clothes, people depend upon the market products like the coat, sweater, Scarf, Shawl etc.
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headed by the village chief. The Tai Phakes possess a written code called "thamchat", which is referred to by the village elders while deciding of local nature. The penalties for breaches of law, the idea of right and wrong, appear to be genuinely indigenous to their culture. The rules of conduct that the "thamchat" enjoins on its members are mainly based on ethical principles.
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The Tai Phakes have special provision for the disposal of the dead body of a monk. The monk's dead body is not disposed on the same day, rather it is kept for a year or so in a watertight coffin. After about one year a big festival is arranged and all the Tai Phakes of different villages are invited and the dead body of the monk is ceremonially cremated.
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blouse. A white turban ("pha-ho") is worn by the women folk on individual preference. The colours of their dresses are expressive of their ages. Dresses include dress proper, ornaments and decoration. Dress proper includes articles of personal clothing as are used mainly for the purpose of covering. There are two dresses for Tai Phakes:
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wrapped in banana or tara or kau leaves that known as "khau how" and boiled vegetables. Moreover, many wild leafy vegetables such as "pukut", "khi kai" etc. are eaten by them. Beside this their meals comprise meat, fish, eggs, dry fish, sour fish, dry meat, rice cakes. Tea is their favorite beverage.
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The Phake women wear their traditional dresses. The elderly female persons wear one girdle (Chin) around the waist extending up to their ankles. It is just like men's lungi with the differences that the stripes in a Chin are breadth wise and the waist portion of the Chin is much thicker. To cover the
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The main occupation of the Tai Phake people is agriculture. They cultivate crops such as rice paddy, mustard, potatoes. Besides agriculture, they also have other subsidiary sources of income from which the people earn a good income. They also rear cattle, buffaloes. Fishing is a major practice of the
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is a three-month period in which no marriages or construction work are done. This period is considered to be inauspicious. In each month during the day of "purnima" the people of the village gather together in the monastery and offer prayers. It is not a festival but an important religious practice.
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The Tai Phake women wear colourful dresses woven by them. Their outfit consists of an ankle-long skirt ("sheenn"), a blouse open at the front ("nang-wat") and fastened around the armpits and a girdle ("chai-chin") to tighten the skirt around the waist. The female child wears a skirt ("sheenn") and a
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The Tai Phakes usually marry within the community. They are monogamous although polygamy is not forbidden provided the man has the requisite means to support such a family. The Tai Phakes do not keep any matrimonial relations with people of other caste or tribes. Widow and cross-cousin marriage take
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Cremation is the rule for normal death. For abnormal ones, burial is prescribed. The purification ceremony, in case of normal death, is observed on the seventh day after death. Entertainment of the villagers with a feast and gift to the monks are the salient features of their purification ceremony.
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The Tai Phakes are essentially democratic and simple. Although the people do not possess any formal council, yet the meeting of the village elders headed by the "Chow mann"(Village chief) exercises the highest legal and judicial powers. Any dispute among the people is settled by the village meeting
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which is celebrated in
Thailand. It marks the beginning of new year in the Tai calendar. It is celebrated for three days. Basically, it starts from 13 or 14 April every year. In this festival, people throw water on each other which signifies washing away the sins of one another. They also cleanse
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There are special clothes for the monks which must be of yellow colour. It was reported that previously when the marketing centers were not easily accessible, the people prepared all their dyes indigenously. The yellow colour was prepared from the yellowish kernel of the
Jackfruit tree. The monks
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The dress of the elderly male is generally house woven checkered lungi (Phaa) of green and black color lined with red, yellow or white yarn, undershirt, one shirt (Sho) and a white turban (Fa Ho). A white scarf (about 2 meters long and 1 meter wide) with a plain border (Fa Fek Mai) and white long
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In the early 19th century the Tai Phake people were called upon by the then Ahom officer
Chandra Gohain who visited the eastern districts where Phake were originally settled accompanied a small army. Chandra Gohain brought them from their original habitat to his capital. When the British invaded
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A very small amount of ornaments are used as assign of femininity than for enhancing the effectiveness of the personal appearance of the wearer. Decoration which signifies tattooing and marks on the body, is, however, obviously not present where it should be. The Phakes have a fairly elaborate
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The houses of the Tai Phakes are elevated bamboo huts. Built on piles of wood above the ground locally known as "haun hang". Materials are like
Livistona Jenkinsiana leaves, timber and bamboos are used for its construction. There are two hearts in each house and the inside one is considered as
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For personal adornment, the Phake women wear very few ornaments. In fact, married and elderly women do not show much interest in ornaments. It was reported that till 1950 the elderly women used Kenhu (an ear ornament made of transparent crystal material) but since that year the supply of that
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sleeved shirt is worn by the elderly people when they go to the Vihar or to any distant places. For their warm clothes, the elderly male persons prefer shawls (Fa Jang). In the congregational prayer, everyone, except the boys and girls below the age of 10 years, wears the scarf.
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place in the Tai Phake society. The marriage is celebrated with a detailed ceremony. Divorce is not a common affair in the Tai Phake society. The husband or a wife files a divorce case before the "chow mann" who takes a decision in the meeting of the village elders.
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The boys wear trousers and shirts when they go to
Naharkatia or to their schools, while in the village they use their traditional lungi. Young girls use bazaar made frocks. The school going girls wear their traditional Chin even in their educational institutions.
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Prior to their immigration into Assam, they were residents on the banks of the
Irrawaddy. Coming to Assam, they at first settled under their chief Chow Ta Meng Khuen Meng of the royal line of Mung Kong at a place called Moongkongtat, a little above Ningroo on the
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is celebrated after the three-months period of "Naun-wa". It marks the end of "Naun-wa". People from different villages and a union of monks gather together in a single village and offer prayers and pray to God to forgive them for their faults.
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is a festival which is celebrated during the full moon day of
February month. Small piles of wood and hay are set on fire by the people at late evening of this day. During this occasion, they prepare traditional dishes like "khau-laam".
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A significant population of Tai Phake people is found in both Assam and
Arunachal Pradesh. Some of the villages are namely: Namphake, Tipamphake, Borphake, Manmau, Namchai, Manlong, Nanglai, Ninggum, Phaneng, Lalung, etc.
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It is a tonal language and retains 6 prominent tones-rising, falling, high (mid), low high (falling) and low (mid). It is also monosyllabic. Suffixes are added to retain the monosyllabic quality of the words.
489:. On this day the people gather together in the Buddhist Monastery and offer prayers to God. This is followed by a feast. Generally, this festival falls in the month of May.
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The Phake language is similar to those of Shan. They have their own separate scripts and also have preserved manuscripts. Most of them are religious scriptures.
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290:. The Tai Phake people went up to Buridihing and settled there. On their way back, they settled in many of the rich south banks of the Buridihing River.
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Most of the Phake women wear their hair long while men crop their hair short, except for those who are following the eight precept of Buddhism.
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sacred. Every house has a drawing room called "kan nok", a prayer room called "khok pai-frah" with a kitchen called "haun aom".
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The Tai Phake language has 10 vowel phonemes, 15 consonant phonemes, 2 semivowels, a few diphthongs, and 3 consonant clusters.
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Buddha images and statues from household shrines as well as from monasteries by gently pouring water over them.
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Papers on Tai Languages, Linguistics, and Literatures: In Honor of William J. Gedney on His 77th Birthday
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Assam, they and others of the Shan race were ordered by the Burmese authorities to return to
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The Tai Phakes follow Theravada sect of Buddhism with some old animistic beliefs.
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590:. Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies. p. 14.
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is also a major festival of the Tai Phakes. It marks the birthday of Lord
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In addition to above the Tai Phake people also celebrate festivals like
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is the major festival of the Tai Phakes. It is similar to
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A brief about Tai Phake people living in Namphake village
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567:History of the Tai-Phake people in northeast India
254:History of the Tai-Phake people in northeast India
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262:The territory of Mong Mao in the heyday of the
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216:-speaking indigenous ethnic group living in
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66:Learn how and when to remove this message
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29:This article includes a list of general
401:Special dress for particular occasions.
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1763:(including Chumbipa, Dopthapa, Dukpa,
78:Tai-speaking indigenous group in Assam
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625:Books related with Tai Phake language
102:Regions with significant populations
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35:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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2154:List of Scheduled Tribes in India
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228:, principally along the areas of
2193:Ethnic groups in Northeast India
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398:General dress for everyday use.
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892:(Not recognised by government)
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661:Tribes of Arunachal Pradesh
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586:William J. Gedney (1992).
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463:Festivals and practices
50:more precise citations.
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1697:Khasi Synteng or Pnar
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154:Related ethnic groups
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368:Being followers of
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615:Ethnologue profile
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408:
403:
402:
399:
390:
387:
381:
378:
352:Main article:
349:
346:
344:
341:
336:
333:
327:
324:
318:
315:
313:
310:
304:
301:
295:
292:
249:
246:
197:
196:
194:
193:
169:
167:
166:
159:
156:
155:
151:
150:
140:
139:
135:
134:
124:
123:
119:
118:
104:
103:
99:
98:
97:8000 (approx.)
94:
93:
82:
77:
74:
73:
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2205:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1925:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1728:Mikir (Karbi)
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:Lakher (Mara)
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1657:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1615:Lushai (Mizo)
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1524:Suhte (Paite)
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1477:
1475:
1472:
1470:
1467:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1437:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:Mikir (Karbi)
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1242:Khowa (Bugun)
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1181:Mikir (Karbi)
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:Lakher (Mara)
1164:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1088:Mikir (Karbi)
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1049:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1023:Mikir (Karbi)
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
993:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
956:
952:
948:
941:
936:
934:
929:
927:
922:
921:
918:
906:
903:
901:
898:
897:
895:
887:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
808:
806:
805:Mikir (Karbi)
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
765:Bugun (Khowa)
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
735:Digaro Mishmi
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
697:
695:
687:
681:
678:
676:
673:
672:
670:
666:
662:
655:
650:
648:
643:
641:
636:
635:
632:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
612:
599:
597:1-877979-16-3
593:
589:
582:
578:
568:
565:
563:
562:Tai languages
560:
558:
555:
554:
548:
539:
536:
526:
524:
520:
516:
511:
508:
504:
501:
497:
494:
490:
488:
484:
483:
478:
475:
471:
470:
460:
455:Hair dressing
452:
443:
434:
425:
416:
410:Male costumes
407:
400:
397:
396:
395:
386:
377:
375:
371:
366:
362:
359:
355:
340:
332:
323:
309:
300:
291:
289:
283:
281:
275:
273:
265:
260:
255:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
157:
152:
149:
145:
141:
136:
133:
129:
125:
120:
117:
105:
100:
95:
90:
81:
70:
67:
59:
56:February 2020
49:
45:
39:
38:
32:
27:
18:
17:
1997:Khiamniungan
1318:
1111:Bodo-Kachari
1078:Bodo-Kachari
990:(inc. Khasi
889:Other tribes
784:
740:Galo/Gallong
668:Major tribes
587:
581:
545:
535:steamed rice
532:
522:
519:Poi Lu-kyong
518:
514:
512:
506:
505:
499:
498:
492:
491:
480:
479:
467:
466:
458:
449:
440:
431:
422:
413:
404:
392:
383:
367:
363:
360:
357:
338:
329:
320:
308:Tai Phakes.
306:
297:
284:
276:
269:
230:Dihing river
209:
205:
201:
200:
83:Ethnic group
80:
62:
53:
34:
1937:Naga tribes
1793:Kuki tribes
1775:, Tromopa,
1733:Naga tribes
1709:(see below)
1707:Kuki Tribes
1625:Munda, Kaur
1307:Tai peoples
1275:Naga tribes
1251:Miju Mishmi
1222:Aka (Hruso)
1217:Abor (Galo)
1186:Naga tribes
1162:(see below)
1160:Kuki Tribes
1028:Naga tribes
1004:(see below)
1002:Kuki Tribes
705:Aka (Hruso)
557:Tai peoples
529:Food habits
523:Poi Kithing
469:Poi Sangken
182:Shan people
174:Thai people
164:Tai peoples
48:introducing
2167:Categories
1967:Chakhesang
1940:including:
1796:including:
1738:Pawi (Lai)
1297:Sherdukpen
1195:Raba, Rava
1191:Pawi (Lai)
1033:Pawi (Lai)
845:Sherdukpen
725:Chikum Dui
573:References
515:Poi Lu-fra
280:Buridihing
252:See also:
208:or simply
186:Dai people
178:Lao people
31:references
2152:See also
2137:Yimkhiung
1920:Thangngeu
1872:Lengthang
1852:Khawchung
1103:Meghalaya
1052:Yimkhiung
745:Hill Miri
500:Poi Ok-wa
446:Ornaments
202:Tai Phake
128:Tai Phake
122:Languages
87:Tai Phake
2102:Tangkhul
2017:Liangmai
1841:Hongsung
1816:Gamalhou
1810:Chongloi
1807:Changsan
1701:Lyngngam
1529:Tangkhul
1464:Liangmai
1391:Zekhring
1315:Khamyang
1149:Lyngngam
1065:Nagaland
996:Lyngngam
880:Zekhring
760:Khamyang
710:Apa Tani
551:See also
474:Songkran
348:Language
326:Marriage
294:Villages
138:Religion
132:Assamese
2117:Thangal
2092:Sangtam
2087:Rongmei
2067:Pochury
2047:Monsang
2012:Lamkang
2007:Lainong
1927:Vaiphei
1907:Sitlhou
1904:Singson
1897:Sairhem
1887:Mangjel
1884:Lupheng
1881:Lhouvun
1878:Lhoujem
1875:Lhangum
1863:Kholhou
1829:Hanneng
1813:Doungel
1773:Tibetan
1765:Kagatey
1695:(inc.
1645:Tripuri
1595:Jamatia
1576:Chaimal
1559:Tripura
1539:Vaiphei
1514:Rongmei
1489:Monsang
1459:Lamkang
1449:Koireng
1401:Manipur
1371:Minyong
1311:Khampti
1265:Lishipa
1227:Apatani
1143:(inc.
955:Mizoram
905:Lishipa
850:Singpho
820:Mishing
810:Minyong
525:, etc.
493:Naun-wa
343:Culture
335:Beliefs
312:Society
303:Economy
288:Mogoung
272:Mongmao
264:Si Kefa
248:History
206:Phakial
190:Tai Nua
148:Animism
44:improve
2132:Wancho
2122:Tikhir
2107:Tangsa
2082:Rengma
2077:Poumai
2042:Maring
2027:Makury
2002:Konyak
1992:Kharam
1982:Chothe
1952:Angami
1901:Selnam
1866:Kipgen
1859:Khelma
1849:Jongbe
1838:Hengna
1835:Haolai
1820:Gangte
1783:Lepcha
1769:Sherpa
1761:Bhutia
1753:Sikkim
1683:Hajong
1668:Chakma
1640:Santal
1630:Noatia
1610:Lepcha
1600:Khasia
1580:Chakma
1572:Bhutia
1534:Thadou
1479:Maring
1429:Gangte
1424:Chothe
1386:Puroik
1346:Khamba
1329:(inc.
1309:(inc.
1291:Wancho
1283:Tangsa
1277:(inc.
1261:Chugpa
1259:(inc.
1249:(inc.
1247:Mishmi
1237:Galong
1131:Hajong
1116:Chakma
978:Hajong
963:Chakma
900:Chugpa
875:Wancho
865:Tangsa
855:Sulung
825:Nyishi
780:Palibo
755:Khamti
750:Khamba
715:Ashing
680:Mishmi
594:
380:Houses
266:(1360)
162:Other
113:
33:, but
2127:Tutsa
2112:Tarao
2062:Para
2057:Nocte
2052:Moyon
2037:Maram
2022:Lotha
1987:Inpui
1977:Chiru
1972:Chirr
1962:Chang
1923:Uibuh
1916:Thado
1911:Sukte
1893:Riang
1890:Misao
1825:Guite
1803:Biate
1777:Yolmo
1660:Assam
1650:Uchoi
1635:Riang
1590:Halam
1585:Garoo
1519:Simte
1509:Ralte
1504:Purum
1499:Paite
1494:Moyon
1474:Maram
1439:Inpui
1419:Chiru
1409:Aimol
1356:Memba
1341:Deori
1335:Padam
1319:Phake
1287:Tutsa
1279:Nocte
1269:Takpa
1257:Momba
1056:woman
870:Tutsa
860:Takpa
830:Nocte
795:Monpa
790:Memba
785:Phake
775:Padam
730:Deori
542:Death
389:Dress
234:Lohit
226:Assam
210:Phake
116:India
2142:Zeme
2097:Sumi
2072:Phom
1947:Anāl
1869:Kuki
1688:Hmar
1678:Garo
1605:Kuki
1567:Bhil
1544:Zeme
1434:Hmar
1414:Anal
1361:Miji
1351:Lisu
1331:Bori
1155:Koch
1136:Hmar
1126:Garo
1093:Naga
1083:Kuki
1073:Garo
1054:Naga
1008:Mara
983:Hmar
973:Garo
800:Miji
770:Lisu
720:Bori
592:ISBN
374:Pali
236:and
220:and
2032:Mao
1620:Mag
1549:Zou
1469:Mao
1454:Kom
1381:Nga
1327:Adi
840:Ran
835:Nga
700:Adi
675:Adi
240:in
224:of
214:Tai
2169::
1957:Ao
1771:,
1767:,
1333:,
1317:,
1313:,
1289:,
1285:,
1281:,
1267:,
1263:,
521:,
517:,
376:.
282:.
188:,
184:,
180:,
176:,
146:,
130:,
1779:)
1703:)
1337:)
1321:)
1293:)
1271:)
1253:)
1151:)
998:)
939:e
932:t
925:v
653:e
646:t
639:v
600:.
192:)
172:(
69:)
63:(
58:)
54:(
40:.
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