432:, Shakespeare presents two powerful sorcerers, Prospero and Sycorax, who have both controlled the island. Initially it appears that the two characters are a contrasting pair: the benevolent Prospero and the rapacious Sycorax. However, upon closer analysis, the differences between the two characters disappear and the similarities grow. For example, Prospero, like Sycorax, coerces Ariel into doing his bidding, using the sprite to regain his inheritance as a duke, and tortures Caliban with magic the way Sycorax tortured Ariel. Also, both Prospero and Sycorax were exiled from their respective homelands and both have children, which was possibly the reason why they were both spared being executed. The fine line between Sycorax's black magic and Prospero's white blurs even further during his renunciation of magic in Act V, a speech which has strong parallels to one given by the dark witch
488:
ways e tend not to think of
Africans as blue eyed, even though North Africans of 'Argier' and elsewhere sometimes are." Most critics have interpreted the phrase "blue eyed" to be a reference to blueish rings around the eyes, indicating tiredness or pregnancy, on the grounds that this was the most common meaning of the term at the time. However both Marcus and Diane Purkiss suggest that a reference to race might be implied, suggesting that Sycorax's ethnicity cannot be clearly defined, as although she was born in Algiers, her parentage is not known. Kelsey Ridge, who argued that the Algiers-born Sycorax was a colonizer who stole the island from Ariel and his people, suggested that Sycorax's blue eyes "do not disprove her North African lineage, and indeed they may serve to call attention to the similarity of her to the other colonizers."
213:
1192:
1488:
421:
393:, includes "Sycorax's book" as a counterpart to "Prospero's book" (mentioned in Act 5 of Shakespeare's play). In an attempt to give voice to unspoken indigenous cultures, Brathwaite's poems outline the history of the Caribbean through Sycorax's eyes. Sycorax is presented as Brathwaite's muse, possessing him and his computer to give full voice to the history of the silenced, who in Brathwaite's philosophy are not only Caribbean natives, but any culture under-represented during the colonial period.
512:, relating that a witch (not named in the source text) had advised the commander of the city not to surrender, predicting the destruction of the besieging fleet, which was accomplished nine days later by a "dreadful tempest". The principal version given claims that she was "richly remunerated" but the alternative version, "to palliate the shame and the reproaches that are thrown upon them for making use of a witch," attributes the storm to the prayers of a holy man named Cidy Utica.
51:
574:, a 1778 version of the play in German, includes a living Sycorax, a witch who has full power during the night, while Prospero rules the day. In this play, she is the one who causes the tempest and shipwreck, not Prospero; Prospero is extremely wary of her actions as each night approaches, as she has power over those who sleep. Several times he struggles to keep Miranda awake to protect her from Sycorax's power. In
243:"so strong / That could control the Moon". Prospero further relates that many years earlier, sailors had brought her to the island, while she was pregnant with her son, Caliban, and abandoned her there, as, due to her pregnancy, she was spared being put to death. She proceeded to enslave the spirits there, chief among them Ariel, whom she eventually imprisoned in a
654:"So frightened were they of her magical words, her curses, that they scorched out her tongue with a heated iron-but even that was not enough. Afraid that the killing of even a silenced witch would bring a plague of bad luck down on them, they put her in a boat, my pregnant mother, and towed her out to the open sea, where she was set adrift."
528:
470:
have alluded to
Sycorax in their writing to illustrate destructive feminine power. As Hughes writes, "... the difficult task of any poet in English to locate the force which Shakespeare called Venus in his first poems and Sycorax in his last." By emphasising the female power found in characters such
487:
Some critics have seen both
Caliban and Sycorax as instances of indeterminate racial or ethnic identity. Leah Marcus argues that the phrase "blue-eyed hag", suggests racial uncertainty because "as a blue-eyed Algerian Sycorax would have failed to fit our racial stereotypes in a number of interesting
411:
Interpretations of
Sycorax as silenced focus not only on her race but her gender as well. Most of what is said about her in the play is said by Prospero. However, as scholars point out, Prospero has never met Sycorax—all he learned about her he learned from Ariel—and his suspicion of women makes him
818:
Batman vppon
Bartholome : his booke De proprietatibus rerum, newly corrected, enlarged and amended: with such additions as are requisite, vnto euery seuerall booke: taken foorth of the most approued authors, the like heretofore not translated in English. Profitable for all estates, as well for
674:
imagines
Sycorax returning to the island after Prospero and the others have left (including Caliban). Namjoshi has stated, "The Sycorax in my poem is still alive... She is still defiant, still fierce, but she is old and knows that death is no longer so far away that it need not be thought of... I
162:
to the island on which the play takes place. Memories of
Sycorax, who dies several years before the main action of the play begins, define several of the relationships in the play. Relying on his filial connection to Sycorax, Caliban claims ownership of the island. Prospero constantly reminds
408:, however. If Sycorax is viewed as an Islamic expansionist, then she herself is the coloniser, not Prospero (who becomes merely a re-colonizer of the island). However, Sycorax's portrayal as an absent, silent woman still allows the play to solidify the idea of European over Islamic power.
353:, a witch, whose name has been lost to history, had been banished from North Africa about half a century before the time Shakespeare was writing the play; her similarity to Sycorax has struck a few scholars as notable. Lamb's claims, however, remain unverified.
568:(1670), Sycorax is survived by two children, Caliban and a daughter also named Sycorax. This second Sycorax makes sexual advances toward Trinculo, the drunken sailor, and (according to Trinculo) also has incestuous relations with her brother Caliban.
337:, in that both are powerful, magical female figures. Scholars have also pointed out that Sycorax resembles the magical Circe from Greek mythology as well as perhaps a version of Circe found in the mythology of the Coraxi tribe in modern-day
650:(1994), Caliban tells how, although Sycorax was a powerful witch, people in Algiers (especially the mayor) had needed her powers for their own needs and purposes, but eventually they had turned on her; after she was denounced and arrested,
658:
Caliban further states that although mute, Sycorax was able to communicate with him by putting pictures into his mind, and that her death was caused by her choking on a fish bone two years before
Prospero and Miranda's arrival.
344:
Sycorax also draws on contemporary beliefs regarding witches. For example, she may embody the belief that all witches have blue eyes. The character may even be a reference to a specific historical personage. According to
442:. In comparing himself to Medea, Prospero is implicitly comparing himself to Sycorax. Emphasizing the relationship between Prospero and Sycorax demonstrates the ambiguity of Prospero's supposedly benevolent character.
382:
and her story is only heard through others (Prospero, Ariel, and
Caliban), she is championed by some scholars as a representation of the silenced African woman. Postcolonial authors have also claimed her; for example,
412:
an unreliable source of information. Skeptical of female virtue in general, he refuses to accept
Caliban's prior claim to the island, accusing him of being a bastard "got by the devil himself / Upon thy wicked dam."
639:, in which Sycorax is a healer and dyer of indigo who uses her magic to help slaves. Her attempts to give up sorcery fail, because "she cannot abjure, give up, control the force by which she is possessed".
1373:
479:, however, have maintained that matriarchal readings of Sycorax are shallow, as they often find importance only in Sycorax's motherhood rather than in her thoughts, feelings, and past life.
504:
writer fascinated by Shakespeare and his works, and particularly intrigued by this question, found in John Ogilby's "Accurate Description of Africa" (1670) two versions of a story about
366:“ a paradigm for all women of the Third World, who have not yet, despite all the effort, reached that trigger of visibility which is necessary for a whole society” - Kamau Braithwaite.
308:שוקרת, a Hebrew word meaning "deceiver". Another recent idea suggests that, for thematic as well as historical reasons, the name is the reverberant combination of syllables in the name
404:. The Algerian Sycorax may represent Christian Europe's fear of Islam and its growing political power. This interpretation inverts the traditional postcolonial interpretations of
496:
Scholars have wondered what it was that Sycorax did to avoid execution, as described in act one, scene two by Prospero: "for one thing she did / They would not take her life."
578:'s French 1846 version, Sycorax is alive but imprisoned behind some rocks out of sight. She spends most of the play trying to convince her son, Caliban, to free her.
779:
327:
The general idea for Sycorax's character may have come from the classical literature familiar to many in Shakespeare's day. Sycorax is similar to Medea, a witch in
312:, the often acknowledged founder of rhetoric, and the worthy, fictionalised rival of Prospero. An especially odd and early guess at a meaning by one critic was
615:(1991) depicts Sycorax as a bald, naked woman covered in peacock feathers; Steven Dillon suggests that Greenaway's vision of Sycorax was inspired by Jarman's.
251:. Caliban grows to hate Prospero's presence and power on the island, claiming that the land belongs to him since it was his mother's before Prospero appeared.
1364:
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for disobedience. Sycorax birthed Caliban and taught him to worship the demonic god Setebos. She dies long before the arrival of Prospero and his daughter,
748:
1306:
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582:'s 1968 British version of the play portrayed Sycorax as an ugly witch, including her in a birth scene in which the equally ugly Caliban is born.
2117:
204:'s seventeenth-century adaptation, have given Sycorax a vocal role in the play, but maintained her image as a malevolent antagonist to Prospero.
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Scholars have unearthed very few facts about Shakespeare's sources for Sycorax. In fact, other than her connection to the magical sorceresses
196:
writers and critics see Sycorax as giving voice to peoples, particularly women, recovering from the effects of colonisation. Later versions of
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features the song "The Island/Come and See" which references Sycorax in the line "its contents watched by Sycorax / and Patagon in parallax".
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Later scholars, however, have argued that Sycorax was saved from execution because she was pregnant. This was not uncommon, as
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Several competing linguistic theories have been put forth. Some scholars argue that her name may be a combination of the Latin
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Prospero's methods of control are very similar to Sycorax's, making the supposed opposition between them less distinct.
239:, Prospero describes Sycorax as an ancient and foul witch native to Algiers, and banished to the island for practising
304:("death struggle"). One critic searched for a connection to Sycorax's North African heritage, and found a parallel in
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Other postcolonial scholars have argued that Shakespeare's audiences would have connected Sycorax with the threat of
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According to the history provided by the play, Sycorax, while pregnant with Caliban, was banished from her home in
400:. Islam had successfully conquered and colonised much of the Middle East and some of southern Europe during the
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the anti-hero states that Sycorax went to "all the devils" but left him as rightful ruler of the island.
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666:(2006) places the origin of the story with a 14th-century peasant woman from Yorkshire. The Indian poet
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Savory, Elaine (1994). "Wordsongs & Wordwounds / Homecoming: Kamau Brathwaite's Barabajan Poems".
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Busia, Abena P. A. "Silencing Sycorax: On African Colonial Discourse and the Unvoiced Female."
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917:. Horace Howard Furness (ed). Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co., 1920. pp. 58–59.
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Ridge, Kelsey (2016). "'This Island's Mine': Ownership of the Island in The Tempest".
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wanted to follow Sycorax, keep her company, as it were, up to the final moment".
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292:, a work which Shakespeare is likely to have used for reference, gives the name
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Sycorax has been conceptualised in a variety ways by adapters and directors of
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Libby, Anthony. "God's Lioness and the Priest of Sycorax: Plath and Hughes."
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many female criminals in Shakespeare's day got pregnant to avoid execution
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A True Reportory of the Wracke and Redemption of Sir Thomas Gates, Knight
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as Sycorax, Plath and Hughes hoped to counteract what they saw as the
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Fuchs, Barbara. "Conquering Islands: Contextualizing The Tempest."
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278:("crow"). Another rough translation produces the phrase "the
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Gilman, Ernest B. "'All eyes': Prospero's Inverted Masque."
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151:, one of the few native inhabitants of the island on which
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of Greek mythology, nothing conclusive has been proposed.
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106:
976:"Creation in the Poetic Development of Kamau Brathwaite"
957:. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1987. p. 71.
678:
Sycorax is also revived in the "Baroque pastiche" opera
534:
as Sycorax breastfeeds her adult son Caliban, played by
522:
1348:
Uma Mahadevan-Dasgupta, "Time for fables and lessons",
1232:
Lamb, Charles (1823). "On a Passage in 'The Tempest'".
601:, Sycorax is shown leading Ariel around by a chain and
1276:. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004. pp. 93–95.
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686:, in the first production of which she was played by
121:
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103:
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300:("heartbreaker"), may be a play on the Greek word
1294:Caliban, suite de La tempête, drame philosophique
751:are a villainous race of piratical scavengers in
370:Sycorax's silent role plays an important part in
2094:
1130:Urbana: University of Illinois P, 1983. pg. 30.
1259:Croyden, Margaret. "Peter Brook's 'Tempest'."
735:is the name given to one of the satellites of
618:
282:raven", an etymological description of Medea (
1407:
1365:"The Enchanted Island, Everyman Belsize Park"
742:
167:of Sycorax's cruel treatment to maintain the
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693:A witch named Sycorax appears in the opera
1745:Mobile Suit Gundam: The Witch from Mercury
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1246:Dean, Winton. "Operas on 'The Tempest'."
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897:. New York: Routledge, 1996. pp. 250–276
174:Scholars generally agree that Sycorax, a
704:
526:
475:nature of canonical Western literature.
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178:for Prospero, is closely related to the
1311:Marina Warner – writer and mythographer
1250:. November 1964, 105.1461. pp. 810–814.
1159:
937:. New York: Routledge, 1996. pp. 1–38.
889:
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873:The Upstart Crow 26 (2006/2007): 70–74.
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2118:Literary characters introduced in 1611
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1361:
1236:. London: Baldwin, Craddock & Joy.
1153:
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757:. They make their first appearance in
635:reimagined the witch in her 1992 book
143:(1611). She is a vicious and powerful
16:Character in Shakespeare's The Tempest
1395:
1196:
973:
819:the benefite of the mind as the bodie
523:Sycorax in later versions of the play
491:
155:, the hero of the play, is stranded.
1764:Scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest
1231:
1199:Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism
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860:Connotations 15 (2005/2006): 127–30.
445:
1362:Church, Michael (23 January 2012).
1100:Orgel, Stephen. "Prospero's Wife."
709:
207:
13:
1296:, Paris, Calmann-Lévy, 1878, p. 4.
450:Sycorax has been described as the
14:
2159:
361:
223:; Scholars see parallels between
1486:
1376:from the original on 26 May 2022
1263:. April 1969, 13.3. pp. 125–128.
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2108:Female Shakespearean characters
1921:Noises, Sounds & Sweet Airs
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1798:Return to the Forbidden Planet
1088:, April 1997, 48.1. pp. 45–62.
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2128:Witchcraft in written fiction
1150:July 1974, 15.3. pp. 386–405.
764:
672:Sycorax: New Fables and Poems
974:Gowda, H. H. Anniah (1994).
845:Illustrations of Shakespeare
593:of the island's history. In
482:
378:. Because she is native to
7:
1352:, Sunday, 3 December 2006.
1274:Derek Jarman and Lyric Film
871:The Tempest in the Trivium.
858:The Tempest in the Trivium.
619:Sycorax in later literature
510:invasion of Algiers in 1541
356:
10:
2164:
743:Sycorax in Science Fiction
589:have portrayed Sycorax in
254:
231:and Shakespeare's Sycorax.
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2138:Characters in The Tempest
2133:Fictional Algerian people
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1337:The Independent on Sunday
1171:. Open Source Shakespeare
935:Unediting the Renaissance
786:. Open Source Shakespeare
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38:
33:
2103:Female literary villains
1772:Ferdinand Lured by Ariel
1511:Decades of the New World
1335:Tom Boncza-Tomaszewski,
1148:Contemporary Literature.
55:A drawing of Sycorax by
21:Sycorax (disambiguation)
2059:What's past is prologue
1767:(c, 1736-1738, Hogarth)
1737:Shakespeare's Shitstorm
1630:Three Shakespeare Songs
847:(1807) via Google Books
75:In-universe information
2015:The Book of Watermarks
1965:The Sea and the Mirror
1713:The Journey to Melonia
1671:Don't Pay the Ferryman
1036:World Literature Today
980:World Literature Today
955:The Bottom Translation
913:Shakespeare, William.
806:Anglicus, Bartholomeus
778:Shakespeare, William.
759:The Christmas Invasion
662:J.B. Aspinall's novel
547:
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232:
1791:Beach Blanket Tempest
1261:The Drama Review: TDR
1126:Lenz, Carolyn et al.
1115:Renaissance Quarterly
1086:Shakespeare Quarterly
705:Other uses of Sycorax
530:
423:
215:
2143:Shakespeare villains
1958:Caliban upon Setebos
1937:The Enchanted Island
1161:Shakespeare, William
895:The Witch in History
727:Sycorax in astronomy
680:The Enchanted Island
416:Sycorax and Prospero
398:Islamic expansionism
19:For other uses, see
1980:A Midsummer Tempest
1423:William Shakespeare
1339:, 26 November 2006.
542:'s film version of
387:, in his 1994 work
374:interpretations of
296:for a raven) Also,
135:William Shakespeare
69:William Shakespeare
28:Fictional character
1633:(Vaughan Williams)
1548:Commedia dell'arte
1211:10.1111/sena.12189
1022:Cultural Critique.
605:an adult Caliban.
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492:Avoiding execution
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147:and the mother of
57:Robert Anning Bell
2123:Unseen characters
2113:Fictional witches
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1862:I'll Be The Devil
1248:The Musical Times
1128:The Woman's Part.
585:Film versions of
506:Emperor Charles V
446:Sycorax as mother
322:Queen Elizabeth's
310:Corax of Syracuse
200:, beginning with
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2045:Full fathom five
1905:Die Geisterinsel
1900:(1798 Reichardt)
1897:Die Geisterinsel
1889:Die Geisterinsel
1838:The Mock Tempest
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571:Die Geisterinsel
560:William Davenant
532:Claire Davenport
477:Feminist critics
462:authors such as
385:Kamau Brathwaite
349:literary critic
221:Evelyn De Morgan
208:Role in the play
202:William Davenant
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2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2041:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1961:
1953:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1893:
1885:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1858:
1854:The Sea (play)
1850:
1849:(1969 Césaire)
1842:
1834:
1831:The Sea Voyage
1827:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1794:
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1388:
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986:(4): 691–696.
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933:Marcus, Leah.
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720:The Crane Wife
711:
708:
706:
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688:Joyce DiDonato
656:
655:
648:Caliban's Hour
620:
617:
603:breast feeding
562:'s version of
524:
521:
493:
490:
484:
481:
447:
444:
417:
414:
363:
362:Silent Sycorax
360:
358:
355:
256:
253:
209:
206:
88:
87:
81:
77:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
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2100:
2098:
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2056:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2005:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1954:
1952:
1950:prose fiction
1946:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1918:
1916:(1955 Martin)
1915:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1871:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1841:(1674 Duffet)
1840:
1839:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1828:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1813:
1807:
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1659:
1657:(Tchaikovsky)
1656:
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1597:
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1569:
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1566:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1527:Metamorphoses
1523:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
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1332:
1317:on 3 May 2016
1316:
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1282:0-292-70224-8
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1095:
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1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
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1045:
1042:(4): 750–57.
1041:
1037:
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1023:
1017:
1009:
1005:
1001:
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993:
989:
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963:0-8101-0738-4
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886:
884:
882:
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869:Harder, Dan.
866:
859:
856:Harder, Dan.
853:
846:
840:
832:
828:
824:
820:
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810:Trevisa, John
807:
801:
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781:
774:
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756:
755:
750:
740:
738:
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717:' 2006 album
716:
702:
700:
696:
691:
689:
685:
682:, devised by
681:
676:
673:
669:
665:
660:
653:
652:
651:
649:
645:
640:
638:
634:
633:Marina Warner
630:
626:
616:
614:
613:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
576:Eugène Scribe
573:
572:
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566:
561:
557:
553:
545:
541:
537:
533:
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503:
499:
489:
480:
478:
474:
469:
465:
461:
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453:
443:
441:
440:
439:Metamorphoses
435:
431:
422:
413:
409:
407:
403:
399:
394:
392:
391:
386:
381:
377:
373:
367:
354:
352:
348:
342:
340:
336:
335:
334:Metamorphoses
330:
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311:
307:
303:
299:
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291:
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286:
281:
277:
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252:
250:
246:
242:
238:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
190:
189:Metamorphoses
185:
181:
177:
172:
170:
166:
161:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
126:
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85:
82:
78:
73:
70:
67:
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47:
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42:
37:
32:
26:
22:
2089:
2075:
2038:Ariel's Song
2013:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1960:" (Browning)
1936:
1928:
1924:(1991 Nyman)
1919:
1911:
1904:
1896:
1887:
1884:(1756 Smith)
1880:
1860:
1852:
1844:
1836:
1829:
1821:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1770:
1762:
1743:
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1727:
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1628:
1552:
1541:
1533:Of Cannibals
1531:
1526:
1518:
1517:Montaigne's
1509:
1502:
1462:
1426:
1378:. Retrieved
1369:
1357:
1349:
1344:
1336:
1331:
1319:. Retrieved
1315:the original
1310:
1301:
1293:
1288:
1273:
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1260:
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1227:
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1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1168:
1155:
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1127:
1122:
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1101:
1085:
1080:
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1035:
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909:
894:
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817:
800:
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783:
773:
752:
746:
730:
718:
713:
692:
679:
677:
671:
663:
661:
657:
647:
644:Tad Williams
641:
636:
628:
625:Ernest Renan
622:
610:
599:1979 version
595:Derek Jarman
586:
584:
569:
563:
551:
549:
543:
540:Derek Jarman
536:Jack Birkett
514:
498:Charles Lamb
495:
486:
464:Sylvia Plath
455:
449:
437:
429:
427:
410:
405:
395:
388:
375:
372:postcolonial
368:
365:
351:Charles Lamb
343:
332:
326:
320:alluding to
313:
305:
302:psychoraggia
301:
297:
293:
283:
275:
274:("pig") and
271:
269:
258:
236:
234:
216:
197:
187:
173:
157:
138:
92:
91:
39:
25:
2077:The Tempest
2007:Video Games
1940:(2011 Sams)
1932:(Adès 2004)
1929:The Tempest
1881:The Tempest
1846:Une Tempête
1823:The Tempest
1748:(2022-2023)
1729:The Tempest
1661:The Tempest
1654:The Tempest
1646:The Tempest
1638:The Tempest
1615:Adaptations
1554:Sea Venture
1428:The Tempest
1169:The Tempest
953:Kott, Jan.
915:The Tempest
823:Thomas East
784:The Tempest
699:Louis Spohr
684:Jeremy Sams
587:The Tempest
580:Peter Brook
565:The Tempest
556:John Dryden
552:The Tempest
544:The Tempest
473:patriarchal
456:The Tempest
452:matriarchal
430:The Tempest
406:The Tempest
402:Middle Ages
376:The Tempest
298:psychorrhax
237:The Tempest
198:The Tempest
140:The Tempest
41:The Tempest
2097:Categories
2052:Sea change
1983:(Anderson)
1948:Poetry and
1689:Yellow Sky
1665:(Nordheim)
1649:(Sibelius)
1641:(Sullivan)
1542:Naufragium
1540:Erasmus's
1436:Characters
1072:7374854332
1024:pp. 81–104
821:. London:
765:References
754:Doctor Who
591:flashbacks
468:Ted Hughes
454:figure of
316:, a Latin
314:sic or rex
289:Bartholome
219:(1889) by
65:Created by
2069:Sculpture
1967:" (Auden)
1913:Der Sturm
1663:(ballet)
1468:Ferdinand
1350:The Hindu
1219:1754-9469
1175:30 August
1104:pp. 1–13.
1056:0196-3570
1000:0196-3570
831:606501035
790:30 August
731:The name
483:Ethnicity
460:Modernist
318:homophone
306:Shokereth
245:pine tree
171:service.
44:character
1999:(Atwood)
1996:Hag-Seed
1991:(Rogers)
1975:(Warner)
1826:(Dryden)
1783:Musicals
1756:Painting
1673:" (1982)
1478:Stephano
1443:Prospero
1380:23 March
1374:Archived
1321:23 March
1307:"Indigo"
1064:40150620
1008:40150611
816:(1582).
646:' novel
627:'s play
502:Romantic
357:Analysis
347:Romantic
280:Scythian
169:sprite's
153:Prospero
137:'s play
2030:Phrases
1805:Amaluna
1705:Tempest
1525:Ovid's
1496:Sources
1473:Gonzalo
1463:Sycorax
1458:Caliban
1448:Miranda
749:Sycorax
733:Sycorax
664:Sycorax
629:Caliban
436:in the
380:Algiers
339:Georgia
324:pride.
255:Sources
249:Miranda
241:sorcery
160:Algiers
149:Caliban
93:Sycorax
84:Caliban
34:Sycorax
2080:(1966)
2018:(1999)
1988:Island
1972:Indigo
1865:(2008)
1857:(1973)
1740:(2020)
1732:(1998)
1724:(1991)
1716:(1989)
1708:(1982)
1700:(1956)
1692:(1948)
1681:Screen
1519:Essays
1280:
1217:
1134:
1070:
1062:
1054:
1006:
998:
961:
941:
901:
829:
737:Uranus
637:Indigo
285:Batman
129:is an
80:Family
1873:Opera
1815:Plays
1622:Music
1564:Films
1453:Ariel
1060:JSTOR
1004:JSTOR
695:Faust
554:. In
538:, in
434:Medea
294:Corax
287:upon
276:korax
265:Circe
261:Medea
229:Medea
217:Medea
180:Medea
165:Ariel
145:witch
86:(son)
2148:Hags
1606:2010
1601:1992
1596:1980
1591:1979
1586:1963
1581:1960
1576:1911
1571:1908
1382:2017
1323:2017
1278:ISBN
1215:ISSN
1177:2007
1132:ISBN
1068:OCLC
1052:ISSN
996:ISSN
959:ISBN
939:ISBN
899:ISBN
827:OCLC
792:2007
747:The
558:and
500:, a
466:and
329:Ovid
263:and
225:Ovid
184:Ovid
176:foil
1425:'s
1207:doi
1044:doi
988:doi
697:by
670:in
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272:sus
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227:'s
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133:in
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