198:
445:
from non-white backgrounds". It further found "that for every £1 the government spent on Sure Start, there were benefits to attending children worth £1.09" in higher lifetime earnings as a result of these educational outcomes. The replacement Family Hub programme introduced in 2021 has received less funding compared to Sure Start the report found, receiving "just over £100 million per year, compared with £300 million per year in the first year of Sure Start (and £2.5 billion per year at its peak)."
417:. The value-for-money analysis concluded that most services provided a net financial loss to Government, but that the overall benefits (to both individuals and the Government) were seen to provide overall value for money: "This report has shown that policies which have impacts within reasonable bounds of magnitudes on early child and family outcomes can potentially generate substantial monetary returns over and above the costs of delivering the services."
22:
381:
certain, that the differences in findings across the first and second phases of the NESS Impact Study reflect actual changes in the impact of SSLPs resulting from the increasing quality of service provision, greater attention to the hard-to-reach and the move to
Children's Centres, as well as the greater exposure to the programme of children and families in the latest phase of the impact evaluation."
436:
Two years later, in June 2021, the cuts in early years support were also linked to children obesity, "the cuts correspond to 4575 more children with obesity or 9174 more overweight/obese children between 2010/11 and 2017/18 than would have been expected had funding levels for the centres remained the
432:
age, and by a third of all 11-year-olds. Access to the programme cut the probability of admission to hospital in the poorest 30% of areas by 19% at the age of 11, while in the richest 30% of areas there was almost no impact. Across all areas, the programme's effect was equivalent to annually averting
220:
Some Sure Start Local
Programmes have become registered Charities and Companies Limited by guarantee. Sure Start Hounslow, a programme in West London, became a company limited by guarantee in 2004 and now delivers a range of services, many through Service Level Agreement with the local authority, not
326:
In
February 2020, the reviewed report has shown that 1300 centres have been closed during the last 10 years, meaning more than one in three Sure Start centres were axed under the Conservatives. The cuts have seen 1,292 of the family centres shut since 2010. At their peak in 2009/10, there were 3,600
94:
The
National Evaluation of Sure Start (NESS) project ran from 2001 until 2012. Initial research findings from NESS, published in 2005, suggested the impact of (the then termed) Sure Start Local Programmes (SSLPs) was not as great as had been hoped. However, by 2010, NESS could identify a significant
301:
summarized the changes to Sure Start that had occurred under the 2015–2017 Conservative
Government. Although "The Conservative Government did not make any significant operational or legislative changes to Sure Start during the 2015-2017 Parliament", "Arguably the most significant changes related to
444:
report on the educational impacts of the Sure Start programme found that "children who lived within a short distance (2.5 kilometres) of a Sure Start centre for their first five years performed 0.8 grades better in their GCSEs", with "larger impacts for those from the poorest backgrounds and those
384:
In 2010, robust research conducted by NESS demonstrated significant effects of SSLPs on eight of 21 outcomes: two positive outcomes for children (lower BMIs and better physical health), four positive outcomes for mothers and families (more stimulating and less chaotic home environments, less harsh
216:
proposed a switch from Sure Start Local
Programmes (SSLPs) to Sure Start Children's Centres (SSCCs), which would be controlled by local authorities, and would be provided not just in the most disadvantaged areas. In the 2004 Comprehensive Spending Review, Chancellor Gordon Brown announced that the
330:
In April 2022, plans to close Sure Start centres in
Northumberland to be replaced with a 'family hub' model were announced, "Northumberland currently has 12 children's centres alongside various outreach posts in more rural areas – down from an initial 26 at the height of the Sure Start programme,
314:
A report in The
Guardian stated that as many 1000 centres were closed since 2010, and a study warned that "The study warns that Sure Start centres are at a "tipping point", with further drastic reductions on the way as local authority budgets continue to shrink. It says centres are struggling to
380:
A national longitudinal evaluation of Sure Start, known as NESS, was set up in 2001. Although early evaluations did not find Sure Start Local
Programmes (SSLPs) to have been particularly effective, by 2008 NESS was able to conclude "For the time being, it remains plausible, even if by no means
224:
In 2005, Norman Glass, one of the original architects of Sure Start wrote an article praising the increased government focus on the early years, but criticising cuts in funding per head; the change from child development to childcare and getting mothers into work; and the shift back to local
159:, the initial districts for Sure Start development were selected "according to the levels of deprivation within their areas" the focus being particularly on disadvantaged areas but open to all families living in the catchment area. Such catchment areas were selected locally by the projects.
151:
The UK Government initially pledged to fund Sure Start for 10 years, but in 2003, Chancellor Gordon Brown announced the
Government's long-term plan to transfer Sure Start into the control of local government by 2005, and create a Sure Start Children's Centre in every community.
351:
looking at parenting interventions within the Sure Start system in Wales examined 153 parents from socially deprived areas and showed that a course teaching improved parenting skills had great benefits in reducing problem behaviour in young children. Parents were taught to:
91:, and responsibility for them was transferred to local government. Jowell subsequently commented in 2015, "I am very proud of setting up Sure Start, because the first three years of a child's life are absolutely critical in determining the chances they have subsequently."
122:
figures called for a "new Sure Start" in 2024 after a further IFS study on the programme's educational impacts found that "children who lived within a short distance (2.5 kilometres) of a Sure Start centre for their first five years performed 0.8 grades better in their
181:
Each project was allowed to develop in its own way depending on the expressed wishes of parents and the guidance of the various organisations heading up each one. Policy on such matters as choosing volunteers and even the services offered were a local level decision.
68:. It introduced a network of children's centres and other services to support local families with children under 5, including "health services, parenting support, early learning and childcare, and parental employment support". The initiative originated from
288:
Ministers said they want to refocus the scheme to help the most disadvantaged families. The government is now allowing parents to choose their own childcare provider, and to get part-funding provided via tax credits, rather than a centrally run service.
369:
The study recommended that this evidence-based class be expanded from Wales to the rest of the UK, making it available for all parents who need it, stating that the Sure Start programme has not yet produced results as good as these in England.
306:, spending in 2015/16 was 47% less than in 2010/11 with budgets for 2016/17 showing a further planned reduction in spending. This Briefing Paper for MPs also reported a reduction of 208 Sure Start Children's Centre sites between 2015 and 2017.
1335:
217:
Government would provide funding for 2,500 Children's Centres by 2008. This target was later increased to 3,500 children's centres by 2010. Of the 524 original Sure Start local programmes, most are now Sure Start Children's Centres.
147:
Initial funding was substantial, with £540m allocated for expenditure between 1999 and 2002, £452m of it within England, to set up 250 Sure Start Local Programmes (SSLPs) reaching up to 150,000 children in areas of deprivation.
221:
all of which focus entirely on children under five. This development has been one of many routes that Sure Start Local Programmes have taken to ensure sustainability during the "tapering" of the original Sure Start Grant.
242:
Child and Family Health Services, such as antenatal and postnatal support, information and guidance on breastfeeding, health and nutrition, smoking cessation support, and speech and language therapy and other specialist
266:, admitted that funding for Sure Start had not been protected, as most central funding of local authorities would no longer be ring-fenced. The decision would be left to local councils, though Children's Minister
232:
In centres in the 30% most disadvantaged areas: integrated early learning and childcare (early years provision) for a minimum of 10 hours a day, five days a week, 48 weeks a year; and support for a childminder
1229:
98:
The Evaluation of Children's Centres in England (ECCE) project ran from 2009 until 2015. Results concerning the impact of (the subsequently termed) Sure Start Children's Centres (SSCCs) concluded that,
187:
Sure Start local programmes were opened in waves, Round 1 indicates the first wave of programmes starting 1999. Round 6 represents the final wave of Sure Start local programmes mostly starting in 2003.
262:
Cuts in general funding from central government to local authorities in England led to fears, in 2011, that up to 250 Sure Start centres would close. The former Secretary of State for Education,
934:
437:
same, estimate the researchers. With deprived areas hardest hit by these cuts, the effect is likely to have widened the 'obesity gap' between the richest and the poorest children, they say."
388:
A further publicly funded national longitudinal evaluation of Sure Start, known as ECCE, was set up in 2009. This study, different in design to NESS, ran for 6 years and by 2015 had, "
599:
101:
Children's Centres set up to support parents of young children can improve the mental health of mothers and functioning of families but that these benefits are being eroded by cuts
896:
239:
Family Support, including support and advice on parenting, information about services available in the area and access to specialist, targeted services; and Parental Outreach
413:
In 2017 the evidence concerning the effectiveness of Sure Start from both the NESS and the ECCE studies was summarised by a briefing paper that was written for members of
428:. The study found that where Sure Start offered high levels of service in poor neighbourhoods in England, visits to hospital to treat injuries fell among all children of
236:
In centres in the 70% least disadvantaged areas, which do not elect to offer early years provision: drop-in activity sessions for children, such as stay and play sessions
273:
A number of local councils announced cuts to their Sure Start budgets, and parents and mothers' groups protested against these cuts, taking their campaign directly to
87:
programme in the United States and is also comparable to Australia Head Start and Ontario's Early Years Plan. The initiatives were subsequently bound together to form
1493:
1466:
915:
880:
Moss P (2004) A new era for universal childcare? Childcare and Early Years Services in 2004. Setting the Scene: A Vision of Universal Children's Spaces. London:
327:
centres. The austerity reduced numbers by up to 85 per cent in some areas. In Staffordshire, 46 of 54 centres shut, while Oxfordshire lost 37 of its 45 centres.
399:" although no impact was found on household employment status (whether or not one or adults in a household works) or on children's health. However, in 2016 the
747:
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1012:
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1336:"The impact of children's centres: studying the effects of children's centres in promoting better outcomes for young children and their families"
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In 2018 a relation between the extensive closures and children starting schools with no skills was made by an article in the Independent
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Parenting intervention in Sure Start services for children at risk of developing conduct disorder: pragmatic randomised controlled trial
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912:
617:
556:
Glass N (1999). "Sure Start: The Development of an Early Intervention Programme for Young Children in the United Kingdom".
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1438:
1256:
1356:
Hall, James; Sammons, Pam; Sylva, Kathy; Evangelou, Maria; Eisenstadt, Naomi; Smith, Teresa; Smith, George (2016).
1230:"'There's a simple reason why children are starting school without skills and the government has to answer for it'"
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414:
298:
167:
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110:
concluded that Sure Start reduced the numbers of people taken to hospital, and saved millions of pounds for the
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concluded that Sure Start reduced the numbers of people taken to hospital and saved millions of pounds for the
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noted that the benefits of Sure Start to children and families were being eroded by austerity cuts and that, "
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76:, early education, health and family support, with an emphasis on outreach and community development.
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said there was enough money available to maintain existing children's centres, should they wish.
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study which suggested that Sure Start was ineffective at improving results in early schooling.
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Set clear expectations: limit-setting and non-aversive management strategies for non-compliance
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Daycare Trust 2004: A New Era For Universal Childcare? Leading the Vision Policy Paper No. 1
374:
340:
72:, with the aim of "giving children the best possible start in life" through improvement of
1439:"Cuts to children's support centres in England linked to thousands more kids with obesity"
8:
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in promoting better outcomes for each user group considered (child, mother, and families)
344:
213:
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to encourage and support parents and carers who wish to consider training and employment
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1358:"Disadvantaged families are at greatest risk from austerity cuts to Children's Centres"
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277:. Many councils retreated. In February 2017, all 44 Sure Start children's centres in
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315:"survive in an environment of declining resources and loss of strategic direction".
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The Impact of Sure Start Local Programmes on Three Year Olds and Their Families
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The Impact of Sure Start Local Programmes on five-year-olds and their families
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781:"Children living near Sure Start centres did better at GCSEs, study suggests"
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807:"Will Labour bring back Sure Start under the Shadow Chancellor's new plans?"
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60:, applying primarily in England with slightly different versions in Wales,
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1257:"Tories have closed 1,300 family centres in last 10 years, figures reveal"
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Governance guidance for Sure Start Children's Centres and extended schools
531:"The short- and medium-term impacts of Sure Start on educational outcomes"
1065:"Changes to Oxfordshire children's centre plans dismissed by campaigners"
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278:
69:
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175:
171:
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748:"Senior Labour figures call for 'life-transforming' Sure Start policy"
677:"Austerity cuts are eroding benefits of Sure Start Children's Centres"
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authority control, rather than being run by boards including parents.
83:, Sure Start had similarities to the much older, and similarly named,
1373:
692:
202:
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refused to commit to expanding Sure Start in response to the report.
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727:"Sure Start programme saved the NHS millions of pounds, study finds"
1415:"England's Sure Start scheme cuts hospital admissions for under 5s"
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61:
45:
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1296:£3bn scheme to help pre-school children learn ‘has had no effect’
400:
321:
309:
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Increase positive child behaviour through praise and incentives
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archived site of Department for Children, Schools and Families
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archived site of Department for Children, Schools and Families
1204:"1,000 Sure Start children's centres may have shut since 2010"
606:
NSW Commission for Children and Young People, 26 February 2004
1478:
257:
124:
37:
941:
Department for Children, Schools and Families, 30 March 2006
903:
Department for Children, Schools and Families, 30 April 2009
1325:
National Evaluation of Sure Start Research Team, March 2008
1117:"Under-threat children's centres handed more than £300,000"
373:
A lack of effectiveness in England has been suggested by a
1186:"Sure Start worked. So why is Theresa May out to kill it?"
922:
Department for Children, Schools and Families, 28 May 2009
365:
Apply consistent gentle consequences for problem behaviour
1355:
1091:"High Court backs Oxfordshire children's centre closures"
618:"Tessa Jowell: 'I'm most proud of setting up Sure Start'"
359:
Improve parent-child interaction: relationship building
799:
662:
National Evaluation of Sure Start team, November 2010
339:
A 2007 study by researchers from the Universities of
52:
area-based initiative, announced in 1998 by the then
1052:
Mothers take Sure Start cuts fight to Downing Street
1040:
Parent threatens action over Sure Start closure plan
597:
A Head Start for Australia: An Early Years Framework
739:
95:impact on some of the outcomes set for Sure Start.
1013:250 Sure Start centres 'could close within a year'
408:families are at greatest risk from austerity cuts
192:
1025:Many children's centres 'under threat of closure'
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653:
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1494:Early childhood education in the United Kingdom
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515:for Economic and Social Research Council, 2010
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913:Early Years and childcare information for LAs
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322:Under the Conservative Government (2019–2024)
310:Under the Conservative Government (2017–2019)
293:Under the Conservative Government (2015–2017)
164:Department for Children, Schools and Families
155:Related to the Government's goal of reducing
746:Weale, Sally; Crerar, Pippa (8 April 2024).
615:
228:Children's Centres are expected to provide:
745:
385:discipline, and greater life-satisfaction)
302:funding". The Briefing Paper notes that in
1164:
1001:Closure threat to '250 children's centres'
991:
518:
258:Under the Coalition Government (2010–2015)
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1165:Foster, David; Bate, Alex (9 June 2017).
988:Department for Education and Skills, 2007
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718:
464:"What is a Sure Start Children's Centre?"
334:
932:Guidance resources – Every Child matters
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433:5,500 hospitalisations of 11-year-olds.
196:
20:
1316:
831:
420:In June 2019, a study conducted by the
253:Quick and easy access to wider services
1486:
1313:University of Durham, 17 December 2010
1167:"Sure Start (England) – Parliament UK"
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170:. The programme has been described by
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395:but relatively small positive effects
16:British initiative on social services
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285:appeals against the measure failed.
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13:
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665:
106:In 2019, a study conducted by the
14:
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1479:National Evaluation of Sure Start
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462:Berg, Viktor (16 February 2021).
1413:Delphine Strauss (4 June 2019).
1255:Mudie, Keir (15 February 2020).
838:Archives of Disease in Childhood
168:Department for Work and Pensions
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193:Move from programmes to centres
162:Sure Start was overseen by the
1509:1998 establishments in England
1015:The Telegraph, 28 January 2011
725:Patrick Butler (4 June 2019).
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297:In 2017, a Briefing Paper for
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89:Sure Start Children's Centres
616:O'Connor J (26 April 2015).
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442:Institute for Fiscal Studies
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108:Institute for Fiscal Studies
7:
1343:UK Department for Education
1311:Sure Start in County Durham
1184:Rigby L (6 February 2017).
1143:"Help paying for childcare"
201:A Sure Start centre on the
178:'s greatest achievements".
54:Chancellor of the Exchequer
10:
1525:
1437:Journal, British Medical.
960:Glass N (5 January 2005).
642:Shaky Times for Sure Start
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1027:BBC News, 14 January 2011
1003:BBC News, 28 January 2011
675:Torjesen, Ingrid (2016).
1171:House of Commons Library
1426:(subscription required)
1042:BBC News, 24 March 2011
937:2 December 2009 at the
832:Roberts H (June 2000).
426:National Health Service
401:British Medical Journal
390:identified a number of
349:British Medical Journal
112:National Health Service
1054:BBC News, 3 April 2011
962:"Surely some mistake?"
558:Children & Society
335:Effectiveness evidence
331:which began in 1998."
210:
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26:
834:"What is Sure Start?"
513:Sure Start Case Study
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184:
24:
1499:Education in England
894:The 1998 Green Paper
850:10.1136/adc.82.6.435
602:28 July 2008 at the
375:University of Durham
79:Launched in 1998 by
1473:Every Child Matters
647:, 13 September 2005
214:Every Child Matters
143:Initial arrangement
1123:. 13 February 2017
1071:. 10 February 2016
489:"Best Start Grant"
468:daynurseries.co.uk
440:In April 2024, an
281:were closed after
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1504:Health in England
1443:medicalxpress.com
1286:, 23 January 2007
347:published in the
209:, West Yorkshire.
129:Shadow Chancellor
118:and other senior
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