953:
1404:
963:
1449:
948:
1379:
897:
1172:
904:
1191:
892:
1153:
931:
1304:
909:
848:
1210:
997:
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1429:
936:
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1329:
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292:
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175:
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makes this conclusion: "Mr Philby outwitted
Menzies because Mr Philby was intelligent and professional and cool, where Menzies was an amiable upper-class sportsman who was out of his depth. And British intelligence, except for the code breakers, was like Menzies—amateur, anti-intellectual and wholly
603:
supplied daily with important Ultra decrypts, and the two worked together to ensure that financial resources were devoted toward research and upgrading technology at
Bletchley Park, to keep pace with Nazi coding refinements, as well as directing talented workers to the massive effort, which employed
739:
at 62 in mid-1952. His success at SIS was not limited to adeptness at bureaucratic intrigue, a virtual necessity in his position; Menzies' efforts as chief had a major role in winning the Second World War, and certainly earned
Churchill's trust, as evidenced by nearly 1,500 meetings with the prime
608:, which was severely threatening trans-Atlantic shipping, particularly in the first half of 1943. Britain, which was cut off from Europe after mid-1940, was almost completely dependent on North American supplies for survival. The access to Ultra was also vitally important in the battle for
669:
was kept informed of these efforts throughout the war, and information from and about the Nazi resistance was exploited tactically. Menzies coordinated his operations with
Special Operations Executive (SOE) (although he reputedly considered them "amateurs"),
759:
He next married Pamela Thetis Garton (née
Beckett) (d. 13 March 1951), on 13 December 1932, fourth daughter of Rupert Evelyn Beckett by his wife Muriel Helen Florence Paget, daughter of Lord Berkeley Charles Sydney Paget, himself a younger son of
1054:
While
Captain of the 2nd Life Guards. On 13 May 1915 near Ypres, after his commanding officer had been wounded, for displayed conspicuous ability, coolness and resource in controlling the action of his regiment and rallying the men.
1032:
While
Lieutenant of the 2nd Life Guards. For showing the greatest coolness during the attack on German position on 7 November 1914, in support of the right flank of the 4th Guards Brigade, and then again on the evening of that day.
357:, becoming president of the student society Pop, and left in 1909. He excelled in sports, hunting and cross-country running. He won prizes for his studies of languages, and was considered an all-around excellent student.
797:
also reported that
Menzies had a long-standing affair with one of his secretaries, which he ended upon retirement (and presumably remarriage) in 1952; the secretary apparently tried to kill herself at that time.
717:. Cave Brown insists that Menzies's primary criteria were whether the applicants were upper-class former officers and recommended by another government department, or else were known to him personally. In his
465:
was fudging intelligence estimates, which soon led to
Charteris' removal. This whistle-blowing was apparently done very discreetly. Menzies was promoted to brevet major before the end of the war.
592:
lifted the cloak of secrecy at last.) The Nazis had suspicions, but believed Enigma to be unbreakable, and never knew during the war that the Allies were reading a high proportion of their
293:
2722:
709:
Menzies was already the head of the service when Kim Philby joined in 1941. Nonetheless, Menzies deserved some of the blame for Soviet agents having penetrated MI6, according to
562:
began, SIS expanded greatly. Menzies insisted on wartime control of codebreaking, and this gave him immense power and influence, which he used judiciously. By distributing the
57:
1984:
Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's
Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003.
243:
38:
2747:
2717:
2727:
2757:
2251:
2697:
2692:
481:
of the Imperial General Staff, General Staff Officer, first grade. Within MI6, he became assistant director for special intelligence. Admiral
2004:
to James Roy Notter Garton, + 1939, s. of William Garton, of Bursledon, Hampshire. Pamela Beckett was a first cousin once removed of the
2292:
1943:
2742:
34:
990:
Had been made companion in the 1942 New Year's Honours before being promoted to Knight Commander when at the rank of Major-General.
2732:
2649:
346:. But Menzies' father was dissolute, never established a worthwhile career, and wasted his share of the family fortune; he died of
198:
2752:
2005:
749:
2702:
2622:
2588:
2013:
1868:
1506:
761:
473:
Following the end of the war, Menzies entered MI6 (also known as SIS). He was a member of the British delegation to the 1919
1486:
2687:
2659:
509:
1215:
461:, the British commander. In late 1917, he reported to senior British leadership that Haig's intelligence chief Brigadier
2762:
1908:
1840:
1720:
1177:
783:
Stewart and Audrey were both over age 50 at the time of their marriage, her fourth. Each had separate estates (his in
567:
315:
Stewart Graham Menzies was born in England in 1890 into a wealthy family as the second son of John Graham Menzies and
2561:
1787:
1747:
1696:
1660:
1579:
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1002:
485:
became director-general of MI6 in 1924, and he made Menzies his deputy by 1929, with Menzies being promoted to full
1799:
753:
339:
320:
791:, east of London), and they for the most part lived separately, but they met in London for dinner each Wednesday.
1196:
2737:
2606:
1158:
1103:
497:
671:
2707:
1546:
1234:
824:
675:
640:
584:'s strategy, and this was kept a closely held secret, not only during the war, but until as late as 1974. (
1454:
1023:
683:
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525:
474:
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250:
187:
42:
1359:
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2712:
2511:
2436:
1140:
505:
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1448:
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962:
947:
433:
Menzies' regiment was decimated during fighting in 1915, suffering very heavy casualties in the
2317:
2232:
2127:
1384:
1171:
896:
585:
545:
528:(the SIS). He expanded wartime intelligence and counterintelligence departments and supervised
434:
411:
343:
342:. Menzies was a nephew of Scottish Liberal Party politician and member of the House of Commons
1830:
1710:
731:
After 43 continuous years of service in the British Army, Menzies retired to Bridges Court in
2177:
2009:
619:
Menzies has been suspected as being involved with the assassination, on 24 December 1942, of
570:, MI6 became an important branch of the government for the first time. Extensive breaches of
415:
1629:
1190:
903:
748:
Menzies' first marriage was in 1918 to Lady Avice Ela Muriel Sackville, younger daughter of
702:
governments. He also had to weather a scandal inside SIS after revelations that SIS officer
604:
nearly 10,000 workers by 1945. Bletchley's efforts were decisive in the battle against Nazi
2682:
2677:
1152:
891:
577:
563:
513:
113:
2319:
DECORATIONS AND MEDALS: Coronation Medals (Code 50P): The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation...
1673:
1498:
8:
2152:
771:
His third marriage was in 1952 to Audrey Clara Lilian Latham (b. 1899), formerly wife of
454:
303:, the British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), from 1939 to 1952, during and after the
2554:"C": The Secret Servant: The Life of Sir Stewart Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
1303:
930:
2571:
2549:
2539:
1972:
1886:
1763:
1739:
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1616:
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1209:
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996:
908:
847:
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957:
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605:
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375:
236:
2615:
Churchill's Lions: A Biographical Guide to the Key British Generals of World War II
1494:
1259:
765:
559:
399:
371:
316:
304:
264:
212:
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935:
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829:
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658:
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208:
1969:
C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
1736:
C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
1685:
C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
1649:
C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
1597:
C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
715:
C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies, Spymaster to Winston Churchill
2487:"Page 6061 | Supplement 38459, 16 November 1948 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2334:"Page 1593 | Supplement 29943, 13 February 1917 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
1045:
764:. Garton was an invalid for many years, suffering from clinical depression and
719:
574:
533:
462:
419:
257:
174:
46:
975:
842:
2671:
2642:
2512:"Page 495 | Supplement 38523, 28 January 1949 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2437:"Page 324 | Supplement 37853, 14 January 1947 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2409:"Page 4441 | Supplement 36200, 5 October 1943 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2027:
1856:
1097:
874:
647:
493:
482:
228:
25:
2599:
Desperate Deception: British Covert Operations in the United States, 1939–44
2128:"Page 3 | Supplement 35399, 30 December 1941 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
1674:
London Gazette: no. 28743, p. 5573, 5 August 1913. Retrieved on 13 July 2010
2575:, 27 December 1987. Three page review of Brown's biography and Mahl's book.
2384:"Page 3097 | Supplement 30568, 8 March 1918 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
1228:
913:
772:
624:
581:
571:
529:
458:
354:
347:
331:
324:
103:
2462:"Page 2922 | Supplement 38288, 11 May 1948 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2359:"Page 5452 | Supplement 30110, 1 June 1917 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2234:
Medal card of Menzies, S G Corps: Life Guards Rank: Lieutenant Adjutant...
2203:"Page 6535 | Supplement 29215, 2 July 1915 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2178:"Page 10188 | Issue 28992, 1 December 1914 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2103:"Page 3063 | Supplement 39243, 1 June 1951 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2036:
database. Entry last edited 14 March 2005, and retrieved 15 December 2007.
2566:
1575:
816:
724:
2058:
1487:"Menzies, Maj.-Gen. Sir Stewart Graham, (30 January 1890 – 29 May 1968)"
1116:
1079:
881:
869:
2153:"Page 5 | Issue 35841, 29 December 1942 | London Gazette | The Gazette"
2080:
1995:
732:
703:
438:
2278:
King's Silver Jubilee Medal: United Kingdom Issue Category 4 (vol. I)
2001:
1531:
1134:
1067:
1039:
886:
859:
784:
736:
550:
524:
In 1939, when Admiral Sinclair died, Menzies was appointed Chief of
695:
609:
593:
427:
383:
216:
56:
636:
628:
662:
651:
335:
328:
1929:
Slava i čast: Odlikovanja među Srbima, Srbi među odlikovanjima
504:. This forgery is considered to have been instrumental in the
1017:
852:
788:
698:. He absorbed most of SOE. He was sometimes at odds with the
1555:(107 ed.). Burke's Peerage & Gentry. p. 1076.
635:, that Menzies—who rarely left London during the war—was in
768:. She had Menzies' only child, a daughter, Fiona, in 1934.
276:
2723:
Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
2008:
and a second cousin of the 7th Marquess. Her elder sister
2252:"Record Details for Stewart Graham Menzies (Life Guards)"
2000:
says that a daughter Daphne was born in 1934. Pamela was
1780:
Sidney Reilly: The True Story of the World's Greatest Spy
1003:
Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
982:
Knight Commander of The Most Honourable Order of the Bath
378:. After a year with this regiment, he transferred to the
350:
in 1911 in his early 50s, leaving only a minimal estate.
300:
279:
273:
650:
in January 1944, also supported efforts to contact anti-
1310:
Commander's Cross of the Order of the Rebirth of Poland
1011:
For official services while Colonel (local Brigadier).
398:
Keith and Stewart Menzies, the two eldest sons of Lady
2581:
The Secret War: Spies, Codes and Guerrillas 1939 -1945
631:. British historian David Reynolds noted in his book,
1265:
Chevalier de l' Ordre National de la Legion d'Honneur
822:
Stewart Menzies is also a character in the 2021 film
338:
and made huge profits. His parents became friends of
282:
1805:
1415:
Sanct Olavs Orden Commander with Star/Grand Officer
694:After the war, Menzies reorganised the SIS for the
270:
267:
492:In 1924, Menzies was allegedly involved—alongside
627:military commander who defected to the Allies in
2669:
1861:Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park
1760:C: The Secret Life of Sir Stewart Graham Menzies
809:Stewart Menzies is a character in the 2014 film
580:gave Menzies and his team enormous insight into
1863:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 92,
1365:Grand officier de l'Ordre de Léopold avec Palme
1360:Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold with Palm
1410:Commander with Star of the Order of Saint Olav
477:. Soon after the war, Menzies was promoted to
382:. He was promoted to lieutenant and appointed
299:; 30 January 1890 – 29 May 1968) was Chief of
2748:Recipients of the Order of the Yugoslav Crown
2718:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
2044:
2042:
1855:
1824:
1822:
1820:
689:
639:around the period he was killed, making SOE (
414:in October 1914, and fought gallantly in the
410:Menzies served in Belgium. He was wounded at
2569:, "The Oldest Boy of British Intelligence",
1552:Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood
1385:Grand Officer of the Order of Orange Nassau
1260:Knight of the Order of the Legion of Honour
752:and Lady Muriel Agnes Brassey, daughter of
2728:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
2039:
1931:. Belgrade: Službeni Glasnik. p. 592.
1817:
418:in November 1914. Menzies was promoted to
55:
2758:World War II spies for the United Kingdom
1800:Zinoviev Letter in SIS forgery (no) Shock
1774:
1772:
389:
327:. His grandfather, Graham Menzies, was a
157:John Graham Menzies, Susannah West Wilson
2578:
1944:"THE OLDEST BOY OF BRITISH INTELLIGENCE"
1898:
1628:
1580:"The Oldest Boy of British Intelligence"
549:
393:
360:
199:Chief of the Secret Intelligence Service
16:British head of intelligence (1890–1968)
1941:
1828:
1708:
804:
510:United Kingdom general election of 1924
448:
2670:
1978:
1926:
1769:
750:Gilbert Sackville, 8th Earl De La Warr
2698:British Army generals of World War II
2693:British Army personnel of World War I
2431:
2429:
2246:
2244:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2014:Hugh Cholmondeley, 3rd Baron Delamere
1922:
1920:
1110:With mentioned in dispatches device.
835:
779:, and Niall Chaplin, and daughter of
437:. Menzies was seriously injured in a
310:
2612:
1539:
1522:
554:VE letter by S. Menzies to GC&CS
1499:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u51894
1315:Order Odrodzenia Polski Komandorski
1216:Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal
568:Government Code & Cypher School
539:
13:
2426:
2241:
2220:
1917:
1613:C: The Life of Sir Stewart Menzies
1240:Chevalier de I'Ordre de la Couronn
1178:King George V Silver Jubilee Medal
512:, which ended the country's first
14:
2774:
2556:(Macmillan Publishing Co., 1987)
2025:
1993:
1942:Follett, Ken (27 December 1987).
1529:"Obituary: Sir Stewart Menzies".
723:review of Brown's book, novelist
422:on 14 November, and received the
2743:Recipients of the Military Cross
2293:"Record Details for S G Menzies"
1447:
1435:Commander of the Legion of Merit
1427:
1402:
1377:
1352:
1327:
1302:
1277:
1252:
1235:Knight of the Order of the Crown
1227:
1208:
1189:
1170:
1151:
1133:
1115:
1096:
1078:
1060:
1038:
1016:
995:
974:
961:
956:
951:
946:
939:
934:
929:
924:
917:
912:
907:
902:
895:
890:
885:
880:
873:
868:
863:
858:
851:
846:
841:
754:Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey
263:
173:
2733:People educated at Eton College
2504:
2479:
2454:
2401:
2376:
2351:
2326:
2310:
2285:
2269:
2195:
2170:
2145:
2120:
2095:
2073:
2051:
2019:
1987:
1962:
1935:
1892:
1876:
1849:
1793:
1753:
1729:
1702:
1678:
1340:Croix de Guerre 1940 avec Palme
1197:King George VI Coronation Medal
781:Sir Thomas Paul Latham, 1st Bt.
519:
2753:Military personnel from London
1859:; Stripp, Alan, eds. (1993) ,
1666:
1642:
1638:. 3 August 1909. p. 5907.
1622:
1606:
1590:
1569:
1479:
1159:King George V Coronation Medal
756:. They were divorced in 1931.
740:minister during its duration.
365:
1:
2533:
2002:first married 1929 (div 1930)
1742:, 1987, Macmillan, New York,
1691:, 1987, Macmillan, New York,
1655:, 1987, Macmillan, New York,
801:Menzies died on 29 May 1968.
672:British Security Coordination
665:, in Germany. Prime Minister
646:Menzies, who was promoted to
616:in June 1944, and afterward.
2703:British Life Guards officers
2028:"Audrey Clara Lilian Latham"
1835:. Diane Publishing Company.
1832:Espionage: Spies and Secrets
1782:, 1986, St. Martin's Press,
1715:. Diane Publishing Company.
1712:Espionage: Spies and Secrets
762:the 2nd Marquess of Anglesey
743:
676:Office of Strategic Services
641:Special Operations Executive
599:Menzies kept Prime Minister
445:from active combat service.
7:
2688:British Army major generals
2583:. London: William Collins.
1491:Who's Who & Who Was Who
1455:Order of the Yugoslav Crown
1024:Distinguished Service Order
684:Order of the Yugoslav Crown
643:) involvement seem likely.
526:Secret Intelligence Service
475:Versailles Peace Conference
188:Secret Intelligence Service
136:Audrey Clara Lilian Latham
10:
2779:
2081:"Munich – The Edge of War"
1778:Page 121, Michael Kettle,
1545:
1535:. 31 May 1968. p. 14.
787:, west of London, hers in
690:After the Second World War
661:, the anti-Hitler head of
566:material collected by the
543:
232:Sir Stewart Graham Menzies
2763:Grenadier Guards officers
2656:
2647:
2639:
2634:
2601:, (Brassey's Inc., 1999)
1927:Acović, Dragomir (2012).
1829:Bennett, Richard (2001).
1709:Bennett, Richard (2001).
1460:Orden Jugoslavenske Krune
773:Sir Henry Birkin, 2nd Bt.
457:section of Field Marshal
319:, daughter of ship-owner
222:
204:
194:
183:
168:
161:
153:
145:
119:
109:
99:
91:
79:
63:
54:
23:
2297:forces-war-records.co.uk
2256:forces-war-records.co.uk
2006:6th Marquess of Anglesey
1899:Reynolds, David (2012).
1472:
1335:War Cross 1940 with Palm
825:Munich – The Edge of War
402:, pictured here in 1914.
370:From Eton he joined the
353:Menzies was educated at
500:—in the forging of the
334:who helped establish a
2617:. Stroud: Spellmount.
2613:Mead, Richard (2007).
2579:Hastings, Max (2015).
1390:Orde van Oranje-Nassau
586:Frederick Winterbotham
555:
546:Action This Day (memo)
468:
435:Second Battle of Ypres
403:
390:First World War action
344:Robert Stewart Menzies
131:Pamela Beckett Garton
68:Stewart Graham Menzies
2738:Bletchley Park people
2010:Gwladys, Lady Markham
1996:"Person Page – 24503"
1901:In Command of History
682:. He was awarded the
633:In Command of History
553:
443:honourably discharged
416:First Battle of Ypres
397:
361:Early military career
126:Lady Avice Sackville
83:29 May 1968 (aged 78)
2516:www.thegazette.co.uk
2491:www.thegazette.co.uk
2466:www.thegazette.co.uk
2441:www.thegazette.co.uk
2413:www.thegazette.co.uk
2388:www.thegazette.co.uk
2363:www.thegazette.co.uk
2338:www.thegazette.co.uk
2207:www.thegazette.co.uk
2182:www.thegazette.co.uk
2157:www.thegazette.co.uk
2132:www.thegazette.co.uk
2107:www.thegazette.co.uk
2059:"The Imitation Game"
828:and is portrayed by
815:and is portrayed by
805:Fictional depictions
449:Intelligence service
317:Susannah West Wilson
114:Intelligence officer
2708:Cold War MI6 chiefs
2635:Government offices
2012:married 2ndly 1928
1587:, 27 December 1987.
1141:War Medal 1939–1945
970:
455:counterintelligence
453:He then joined the
184:Service branch
30:Sir Stewart Menzies
2572:The New York Times
2550:Anthony Cave Brown
2540:Anthony Cave Brown
1973:Anthony Cave Brown
1948:The New York Times
1887:Anthony Cave Brown
1814:, 5 February 1999.
1764:Anthony Cave Brown
1740:Anthony Cave Brown
1689:Anthony Cave Brown
1653:Anthony Cave Brown
1635:The London Gazette
1617:Anthony Cave Brown
1601:Anthony Cave Brown
1584:The New York Times
969:
836:Honours and awards
812:The Imitation Game
795:Anthony Cave Brown
711:Anthony Cave Brown
706:was a Soviet spy.
680:Free French Forces
556:
508:'s victory in the
506:Conservative Party
479:lieutenant-colonel
404:
380:Second Life Guards
311:Early life, family
163:Espionage activity
2666:
2665:
2660:Sir John Sinclair
2657:Succeeded by
2643:Sir Hugh Sinclair
2624:978-1-86227-431-0
2590:978-0-00-750374-2
2544:Bodyguard of Lies
1883:Bodyguard of Lies
1870:978-0-19-280132-6
1802:, The Poor Mouth.
1508:978-0-19-954089-1
1470:
1469:
1420:19 November 1948
1245:14 February 1917
1086:British War Medal
667:Winston Churchill
606:submarine warfare
601:Winston Churchill
489:soon afterwards.
441:in 1915, and was
376:second lieutenant
226:
225:
2770:
2650:Chief of the SIS
2640:Preceded by
2632:
2631:
2628:
2597:Thomas E. Mahl,
2594:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2522:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2499:
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2323:
2314:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2229:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2163:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2037:
2031:
2023:
2017:
1999:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1976:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1924:
1915:
1914:
1903:. Random House.
1896:
1890:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1826:
1815:
1809:
1803:
1797:
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1757:
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1733:
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1682:
1676:
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1604:
1594:
1588:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1483:
1451:
1440:28 January 1949
1437:(United States)
1431:
1406:
1381:
1370:16 January 1947
1356:
1345:16 January 1947
1331:
1306:
1281:
1256:
1231:
1212:
1193:
1174:
1155:
1137:
1119:
1100:
1082:
1064:
1042:
1029:1 December 1914
1020:
999:
978:
971:
968:
965:
960:
955:
950:
943:
938:
933:
928:
921:
916:
911:
906:
899:
894:
889:
884:
877:
872:
867:
862:
855:
850:
845:
766:anorexia nervosa
612:, leading up to
590:The Ultra Secret
560:Second World War
540:Second World War
400:Susannah Holford
372:Grenadier Guards
305:Second World War
298:
297:
296:
295:
288:
285:
284:
281:
278:
275:
272:
269:
260:
255:
248:
241:
213:Second World War
178:
177:
59:
49:
21:
20:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2767:
2668:
2667:
2662:
2653:
2645:
2625:
2591:
2536:
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2286:
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2258:
2250:
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2231:
2230:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2161:
2159:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2062:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2040:
2026:Lundy, Darryl.
2024:
2020:
1994:Lundy, Darryl.
1992:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1940:
1936:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1897:
1893:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1854:
1850:
1843:
1827:
1818:
1810:
1806:
1798:
1794:
1777:
1770:
1758:
1754:
1734:
1730:
1723:
1707:
1703:
1683:
1679:
1671:
1667:
1647:
1643:
1627:
1623:
1611:
1607:
1595:
1591:
1574:
1570:
1563:
1547:Mosley, Charles
1544:
1540:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1485:
1484:
1480:
1475:
1320:8 October 1943
1290:Croix de guerre
1008:1 January 1943
967:
838:
830:Richard Dillane
807:
777:Lord Edward Hay
746:
692:
659:Wilhelm Canaris
621:François Darlan
548:
542:
522:
502:Zinoviev letter
471:
451:
430:on 2 December.
426:in person from
408:First World War
392:
368:
363:
340:King Edward VII
313:
291:
290:
266:
262:
253:
246:
239:
235:
215:
211:
209:First World War
172:
149:Fiona (b. 1934)
141:
137:
132:
127:
87:
86:London, England
84:
75:
74:London, England
72:
71:30 January 1890
70:
69:
50:
33:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2776:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2713:Cold War spies
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2655:
2646:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2630:
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2623:
2610:
2595:
2589:
2576:
2564:
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2529:
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2503:
2478:
2453:
2425:
2400:
2375:
2350:
2325:
2309:
2284:
2268:
2240:
2219:
2194:
2169:
2144:
2119:
2094:
2072:
2050:
2038:
2030:. The Peerage.
2018:
2016:of Vale Royal.
1998:. The Peerage.
1986:
1977:
1961:
1934:
1916:
1910:978-0307824806
1909:
1891:
1875:
1869:
1857:Hinsley, F. H.
1848:
1842:978-0756766399
1841:
1816:
1804:
1792:
1768:
1752:
1728:
1722:978-0756766399
1721:
1701:
1677:
1665:
1641:
1621:
1605:
1589:
1568:
1561:
1549:, ed. (2003).
1538:
1521:
1507:
1477:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1432:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1387:(Netherlands)
1382:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1332:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1307:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1295:11 March 1918
1293:
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1274:
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1268:
1257:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1232:
1224:
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1218:
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1202:
1199:
1194:
1186:
1185:
1183:
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1175:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1123:1939–1945 Star
1120:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1083:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1046:Military Cross
1043:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1000:
992:
991:
988:
985:
979:
839:
837:
834:
806:
803:
745:
742:
720:New York Times
691:
688:
678:(OSS) and the
544:Main article:
541:
538:
534:Bletchley Park
521:
518:
498:Desmond Morton
470:
467:
463:John Charteris
450:
447:
391:
388:
367:
364:
362:
359:
312:
309:
224:
223:
220:
219:
206:
202:
201:
196:
192:
191:
185:
181:
180:
179:United Kingdom
170:
166:
165:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
140:
139:
138:(m. 1952–1968)
134:
133:(m. 1932–1951)
129:
128:(m. 1918–1931)
123:
121:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
93:
89:
88:
85:
81:
77:
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73:
67:
65:
61:
60:
52:
51:
32:
29:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2775:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
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2749:
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2726:
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2721:
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2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
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2689:
2686:
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2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2661:
2652:
2651:
2644:
2638:
2633:
2626:
2620:
2616:
2611:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2562:0-02-517390-1
2559:
2555:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2537:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2492:
2488:
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2467:
2463:
2457:
2442:
2438:
2432:
2430:
2414:
2410:
2404:
2389:
2385:
2379:
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2339:
2335:
2329:
2321:
2320:
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2298:
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2272:
2257:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2108:
2104:
2098:
2082:
2076:
2060:
2054:
2045:
2043:
2035:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1997:
1990:
1981:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1949:
1945:
1938:
1930:
1923:
1921:
1912:
1906:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1872:
1866:
1862:
1858:
1852:
1844:
1838:
1834:
1833:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1813:
1808:
1801:
1796:
1789:
1788:0-312-90321-9
1785:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1765:
1761:
1756:
1749:
1748:0-02-517390-1
1745:
1741:
1737:
1732:
1724:
1718:
1714:
1713:
1705:
1698:
1697:0-02-517390-1
1694:
1690:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1662:
1661:0-02-517390-1
1658:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1637:
1636:
1631:
1625:
1618:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1564:
1562:0-9711966-2-1
1558:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1533:
1525:
1510:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1478:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1457:(Yugoslavia)
1456:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1333:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1301:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1286:
1283:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1104:Victory Medal
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
994:
993:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
973:
972:
966:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
854:
849:
844:
833:
831:
827:
826:
820:
818:
814:
813:
802:
799:
796:
792:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
757:
755:
751:
741:
738:
734:
729:
728:outclassed."
726:
722:
721:
716:
712:
707:
705:
701:
697:
687:
685:
681:
677:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
653:
649:
648:major-general
644:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
611:
607:
602:
597:
595:
591:
588:'s 1974 book
587:
583:
579:
576:
573:
569:
565:
561:
552:
547:
537:
535:
531:
527:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:Sidney Reilly
490:
488:
484:
483:Hugh Sinclair
480:
476:
466:
464:
460:
456:
446:
444:
440:
436:
431:
429:
428:King George V
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
401:
396:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
358:
356:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
330:
326:
322:
321:Arthur Wilson
318:
308:
306:
302:
294:
287:
259:
252:
245:
238:
233:
230:
229:Major General
221:
218:
214:
210:
207:
203:
200:
197:
193:
189:
186:
182:
176:
171:
167:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
135:
130:
125:
124:
122:
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
82:
78:
66:
62:
58:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
27:
26:Major General
22:
19:
2648:
2614:
2598:
2580:
2570:
2553:
2543:
2519:. Retrieved
2515:
2506:
2494:. Retrieved
2490:
2481:
2469:. Retrieved
2465:
2456:
2444:. Retrieved
2440:
2416:. Retrieved
2412:
2403:
2391:. Retrieved
2387:
2378:
2366:. Retrieved
2362:
2353:
2341:. Retrieved
2337:
2328:
2318:
2312:
2300:. Retrieved
2296:
2287:
2277:
2271:
2259:. Retrieved
2255:
2233:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:
2197:
2185:. Retrieved
2181:
2172:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:
2147:
2135:. Retrieved
2131:
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2106:
2097:
2085:. Retrieved
2075:
2063:. Retrieved
2053:
2033:
2021:
1989:
1980:
1968:
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1947:
1937:
1928:
1900:
1894:
1882:
1878:
1860:
1851:
1831:
1811:
1807:
1795:
1779:
1759:
1755:
1735:
1731:
1711:
1704:
1684:
1680:
1668:
1648:
1644:
1633:
1624:
1612:
1608:
1596:
1592:
1582:
1571:
1551:
1541:
1530:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1490:
1481:
1459:
1458:
1414:
1413:
1395:14 May 1948
1389:
1388:
1364:
1363:
1339:
1338:
1314:
1313:
1289:
1288:
1270:2 June 1917
1264:
1263:
1239:
1238:
1051:3 July 1915
987:7 June 1951
945:
923:
901:
879:
857:
840:
823:
821:
810:
808:
800:
793:
770:
758:
747:
730:
718:
714:
713:in his book
708:
693:
657:, including
645:
632:
618:
598:
589:
582:Adolf Hitler
557:
530:codebreaking
523:
520:Chief of MI6
516:government.
491:
472:
459:Douglas Haig
452:
432:
405:
369:
355:Eton College
352:
348:tuberculosis
325:Tranby Croft
314:
231:
227:
162:
104:Eton College
18:
2683:1968 deaths
2678:1890 births
2567:Ken Follett
2034:The Peerage
1750:, pp. 82–98
1699:, pp. 60–81
1663:, pp. 41–55
1630:"No. 28276"
1576:Ken Follett
817:Mark Strong
725:Ken Follett
532:efforts at
406:During the
366:Life Guards
92:Nationality
2672:Categories
2654:1939–1952
2607:1574882236
2534:References
2322:1953–1956.
2237:1914–1920.
2065:31 October
2048:Cave Brown
1950:. New York
1362:(Belgium)
1337:(Belgium)
1287:(Belgium)
1237:(Belgium)
733:Luckington
704:Kim Philby
655:resistance
439:gas attack
412:Zandvoorde
205:Operations
169:Allegiance
110:Occupation
1812:Telegraph
1532:The Times
1412:(Norway)
1312:(Poland)
1285:War Cross
1262:(France)
1068:1914 Star
785:Wiltshire
744:Marriages
737:Wiltshire
735:in rural
596:traffic.
558:When the
386:by 1913.
332:distiller
190:(SIS/MI6)
154:Parent(s)
100:Education
2521:13 April
2496:13 April
2471:13 April
2446:13 April
2418:13 April
2393:13 April
2368:13 April
2343:13 April
2302:13 April
2261:13 April
2212:13 April
2187:13 April
2162:13 April
2137:13 April
2112:13 April
1954:24 March
1514:5 August
1493:. 2007.
696:Cold War
610:Normandy
594:wireless
384:adjutant
217:Cold War
146:Children
2546:, 1975.
2281:. 1935.
1766:, 1987.
1619:, 1987.
1603:, 1987.
1005:(KCMG)
674:(BSC),
637:Algiers
629:Algeria
578:signals
487:colonel
420:captain
120:Spouses
95:British
2621:
2605:
2587:
2560:
2087:1 June
2083:. IMDb
2061:. IMDb
1975:, 1987
1907:
1889:, 1975
1867:
1839:
1786:
1746:
1719:
1695:
1659:
1559:
1505:
1026:(DSO)
984:(KCB)
700:Labour
663:Abwehr
623:, the
575:Enigma
514:Labour
336:cartel
329:whisky
1971:, by
1885:, by
1762:, by
1738:, by
1687:, by
1651:, by
1615:, by
1599:, by
1473:Notes
1220:1953
1201:1937
1182:1935
1163:1911
1048:(MC)
789:Essex
625:Vichy
614:D-Day
564:Ultra
374:as a
289:
256:
254:,
249:
247:,
242:
240:,
45:
41:
37:
2619:ISBN
2603:ISBN
2585:ISBN
2558:ISBN
2523:2022
2498:2022
2473:2022
2448:2022
2420:2022
2395:2022
2370:2022
2345:2022
2304:2022
2263:2022
2214:2022
2189:2022
2164:2022
2139:2022
2114:2022
2089:2022
2067:2021
1956:2017
1905:ISBN
1865:ISBN
1837:ISBN
1784:ISBN
1744:ISBN
1717:ISBN
1693:ISBN
1657:ISBN
1557:ISBN
1516:2021
1503:ISBN
652:Nazi
572:Nazi
496:and
244:KCMG
195:Rank
80:Died
64:Born
39:KCMG
2032:in
1672:^
1495:doi
469:MI6
424:DSO
323:of
301:MI6
251:DSO
237:KCB
43:DSO
35:KCB
2674::
2552:,
2542:,
2514:.
2489:.
2464:.
2439:.
2428:^
2411:.
2386:.
2361:.
2336:.
2295:.
2254:.
2243:^
2222:^
2205:.
2180:.
2155:.
2130:.
2105:.
2041:^
1946:.
1919:^
1819:^
1771:^
1632:.
1578:.
1501:.
1489:.
832:.
819:.
775:,
686:.
536:.
307:.
258:MC
234:,
47:MC
2627:.
2609:.
2593:.
2525:.
2500:.
2475:.
2450:.
2422:.
2397:.
2372:.
2347:.
2306:.
2265:.
2216:.
2191:.
2166:.
2141:.
2116:.
2091:.
2069:.
1958:.
1913:.
1845:.
1790:.
1725:.
1565:.
1518:.
1497::
286:/
283:z
280:ɪ
277:ŋ
274:ɪ
271:m
268:ˈ
265:/
261:(
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