226:, Howard says, "I chose this group more on the basis of my rapid inclusion in the group initially than, I would have to admit, on being convinced of the power or veracity of its message." Howard describes the hours the group spent together as overwhelming at times, to a point where he eventually asked Taha for more time to himself. Taha granted him this and Howard writes, "Eventually, I managed to find a way to 'do my own thing' while enjoying and learning from everyone's company". The group's beliefs isolated them from the majority of Sudan and made them a government target. Toward the end of his time there, a larger portion of the Brotherhood's members were arrested. Shortly after, Howard was able to use his status as a Fulbright Scholar to meet with U.S. Ambassador
247:. He explains that one of Taha's chief goals for the Brotherhood was "women's full participation in all of Islam's obligations". Traditionally in Sudan, women are kept separate from men during religious ceremonies, in-line with traditional practice. For example, women were allowed to be with men during the burial of Am Fadl, an action which "provoke a small group of men...non-Republicans who had been preparing the burial site". Howard explains the group's goal was to "evolve sharia" so as to give women an equal say in Islamic society and law. According to Ikhlas Himlet "there was never a religious society for women before the Republican community". In a talk at Ohio University, Howard discussed the scandal rocking Omdurman-based
235:, which he believed needed to adapt to modern times. After refusing to recognize the legitimacy of the court under Sharia law, Taha was sentenced to death the following day. On the final page of his memoir, Howard acknowledges Taha and the Brotherhood's powerful influence on his life as he writes, "My teachers have been my brothers and sisters, all of them always ready to push me to the next level."
219:
women's rights to participate in the same
Islamic activities as men, both within society and religiously. The Brotherhood participated in demonstrations on issues that sought a more inclusive sense of community amongst Muslims. The intense bond within the brotherhood sparked Howard's initial interest in joining the group.
218:
and
Islamic tradition as well as promoting positive change. What set Taha and the group apart was largely their belief that the Quran's texts should be adapted to modern times. As a result of this belief, the brotherhood came under heavy pressure. Taha was arrested multiple times. He advocated for
263:
Steve Howard currently teaches at Ohio
University School of Media Arts and Studies, in the Scripps College of Communication. He studies research methods/field methods in Africa; participatory research methods, Islam in Africa and Communication in the Muslim World. He is Director of International
230:
and speak on behalf of the
Brotherhood. By mid-December 1984, shortly after Howard left Sudan, the Brotherhood members were suddenly released from prison. Their leader Taha, however, was arrested and brought to trial on January 5, 1985 for distributing pamphlets calling for an end to
315:
Howard, W. S., "Making
Childhood Possible: Education and Health for Africa's Children," 2002, Institute for the African Child Working Papers Series #1, Athens. Howard, W.S., War and Slavery in Sudan by Jok Madut Jok, book review, Middle East Journal, January
251:, wherein the school's headmaster was caught on video beating a student during protests. The incident spread through social media, leading to disciplinary actions against the official, a pattern of events that Howard describes as similar to
334:
Howard, W. S., "The
Possibilities of African Leadership: Children and HIV/AIDS, What shall we do?" 2003 in Singhal and Howard, eds. The Children of Africa Cope with AIDS: Challenges and Possibilities. Ohio University
213:
Unlike many Sufi groups in Sudan, the
Brotherhood did not have formal initiation and Howard was encouraged to spend as much time as possible with the group. Taha dedicated the group's focus to understanding the
312:
Howard, W. S., "Chalk and Dust: Teachers Lives in Rural Sudan," in Bowen and Early, eds. Everyday Life in the Muslim Middle East, 2nd edition, Bloomington, Indiana
University Press, 2002, pp 189–198.
264:
Studies. He serves as
Director of the National Resource Center for African Language and Area Studies, 1 of 10 in the nation. In 2010 he received the African Students Union's "African Hero Award".
303:
Howard, W. S., "Human Rights
Everyday: Sudanese Possibilities," Bulletin of the Center for Advanced Study in International Development. East Lansing, Fall 2000, pp 68–72.
255:. Howard is one of the only Western academics to study these social developments in Sudan, and one of the few to cover Islamic gender equality movements in Africa.
874:
325:
Howard, W. S., "Transformational Leadership in Islam: Mahmoud Mohammed Taha and the Possibilities of Faith," Kultur, 2002, Islamic University of Indonesia.
281:
Howard, W. S., editor and author, lead article, Democracy and Education. "Knowing Democracy: Teachers, Schools and Global Transformation." 1997, p. 2.
309:
Howard, W. S., "Sudanese Brotherhoods," in Stephen Glazier, ed., Encyclopedia of African and African American Religion. Berkshire Press, 2001, pp 330–334.
829:
824:
580:
594:
328:
Howard, W. S., "Transforming Islamic Society: Mahmoud Mohammed Taha and the Republican Brotherhood," Fall 2003, Journal for Islamic Studies.
819:
814:
667:
322:
Howard, W. S., "Republican Brotherhood," in Lobban, et al., eds. Historical Dictionary of the Sudan. Scarecrow Press, 2002, pp 336–338.
319:
Howard, W. S., "Mahmoud Mohammed Taha," in Lobban, et al. eds., Historical Dictionary of the Sudan. Scarecrow Press, 2002, pp 287–288.
284:
Howard, W. S. and Harold Herman, co-editors, Democracy and Education "Coping with Rapid Change: focus on South Africa's Teachers 1998.
210:, built a community around the Brotherhood and accepted Howard into the group after his request to explore their community's beliefs.
859:
618:
725:
839:
191:. His dissertation was "Social Strategies in Petty Production: Three Small Scale Industries in Urban Sudan") He was awarded a
854:
749:
844:
726:"MDIA Professor Steve Howard Serves as Fulbright Lecturer in Sudan | Ohio University School of Media Arts & Studies"
643:"Sudan's Republican Party to demonstrate in memory of its hanged leader - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan"
774:
385:
1997: University of the Western Cape, South Africa, Visiting Associate Professor, Department of Comparative Education.
556:
341:
Howard, W. Stephen, "Children and the Five Pillars: How Islam Is Learned," 2004. Democracy and Education, v. 15, #1.
864:
469:
202:
Following his graduation from Michigan State University, Steve Howard left for Sudan in 1982. There, he joined the
290:
Howard, W. S., "Introduction," in Retold Tales from Northern Sudan, by Ali Lotfi, Interlink Press, 1999, pp ix-xv.
183:. He graduated with a master's degree and PhD in Sociology and African Studies. He conducted his PhD research in
849:
351:
Howard, Steve, editor, African Conflict and Peacebuilding Review, v. 2 #2, Fall 2012. Indiana University Press.
834:
470:"MDIA Professor Steve Howard Publishes "Modern Muslims" | Ohio University School of Media Arts & Studies"
869:
446:
370:
1984–1985: Kalamazoo College and Michigan State University, Visiting Instructor, Department of Sociology.
248:
287:
Howard, W. S. book review, War and Drought in Sudan by E. Eltigani, MESA Bulletin #33, 1999, pp 89-90.
180:
338:
Howard, Stephen, "Africa Moves," review of Mobile Africa, H-Africa, H-Net Reviews, September 2003.
139:. He works within the School for Media Arts and Studies in the Scripps College of Communications.
156:
809:
203:
188:
354:
Howard, Steve, "Children and Youth," Oxford Annotated Bibliographies of African Studies, 2013.
207:
160:
804:
376:
1988–1989: University of Gezira, Sudan, Visiting Lecturer, Department of Rural Development.
8:
574:
147:
Steve Howard was born on March 21, 1953, to parents William S. and Elizabeth Howard in
306:
Howard, W. S., "A Possibility of Inclusion," Democracy and Education, v. 14, #1, 2001.
562:
552:
192:
642:
206:, a group of men and women who hold a more progressive view of Islam. Their leader,
278:
Howard, W.S., "Participation and Development," Communication and Development, 1995.
164:
442:
2009: Presidential Award, from the President of Somalia, for service to community
418:
1990: Center for Arabic Study Abroad Faculty Fellow, American University in Cairo
252:
136:
124:
331:
Howard, W. S., "Ethnography and Exile" 2003, UWC Papers in Education, Cape Town.
427:
1996: Office of African Studies, American University in Cairo, Research Fellow
798:
566:
430:
2001: Ohio University Division of Student Affairs, Faculty Contribution Award
176:
152:
116:
50:
379:
1991: Ngwane College, Swaziland, Visiting Lecturer, Department of Education.
685:
504:
128:
546:
391:
2017–2018: Visiting Professor, Ahfad University for Women, Omdurman Sudan.
300:
Howard, W. S., "World Traveler," Democracy and Education, v. 13, #4. 2000.
168:
135:. Howard is a professor and an associate director of graduate studies at
112:
686:"Steve Howard | Ohio University School of Media Arts & Studies"
433:
2002: nominated for Presidential Research Scholar Award, Ohio University
388:
2014–2016: Director, Center for International Studies, Ohio University.
243:
Howard covered the Islamic effort to extend women's rights in Sudan in
232:
227:
619:"Remembering A Radical Reformer: The Legacy Of Mahmud Muhammad Taha"
131:. He has written about his experiences with the Muslim community in
505:"Steve Howard | Ohio University School of Media Arts & Studies"
439:
2009: "African Hero Award," Ohio University African Students Union
175:. After working in high schools in rural Chad, he returned to the
148:
120:
46:
421:
1994: named Ahenemahene, Chief of the Children, Ahansua, Ghana
367:
1981–1984: University of Khartoum, Sudan, Research Assistant.
215:
184:
132:
373:
1986–2003: Ohio University Department of Educational Studies
364:
1975–1977: Peace Corps, Volunteer Secondary School teacher.
172:
54:
412:
1981: Fulbright-Hays Dissertation Research Abroad Award
167:. During his senior year he was invited to join the
382:1991–2015: Ohio University African Studies Program
796:
779:African Studies Association Portal - ASA - ASA
750:"OU professor to be honored as 'African hero'"
436:2006: Fulbright Senior Scholar Award- Nigeria
875:Academic staff of Ahfad University for Women
445:2022: Distinguished Africanist Award of the
155:. He began his career in education studying
595:"Republican Brotherhood | Encyclopedia.com"
424:1995: Baker Research Award, Ohio University
579:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
415:1988: Fulbright-Hays Senior Scholar Award
830:21st-century American social scientists
825:20th-century American social scientists
775:"ASA 2022 Prize Finalists and Awardees"
797:
545:Howard, W. Stephen (26 October 2016).
544:
668:"News Archive | Ohio University"
111:(born March 21, 1953) is an American
711:
709:
707:
705:
703:
701:
699:
548:Modern Muslims : a Sudan memoir
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
499:
497:
495:
493:
491:
489:
464:
462:
772:
171:and, after graduating, traveled to
13:
820:21st-century American male writers
815:20th-century American male writers
258:
115:. His studies and work focus upon
14:
886:
696:
521:
486:
459:
238:
860:Michigan State University alumni
179:and pursued graduate studies at
766:
742:
718:
395:
267:
678:
660:
635:
611:
587:
401:Modern Muslims: A Sudan Memoir
1:
840:American expatriates in Sudan
452:
142:
855:Georgetown University alumni
7:
447:African Studies Association
358:
187:, where he wrote about the
10:
891:
845:Muslims from Massachusetts
249:Ahfad University for Women
406:
197:
181:Michigan State University
102:
94:
86:
79:
75:Michigan State University
69:
61:
28:
21:
345:
294:
272:
865:Ohio University faculty
715:Howard, Steve. Resume .
157:International Relations
204:Republican Brotherhood
193:Fulbright Scholarship.
189:Republican Brotherhood
109:William Stephen Howard
33:William Stephen Howard
23:William Stephen Howard
850:American sociologists
161:Georgetown University
73:Georgetown University
835:American Africanists
730:mediaschool.ohio.edu
690:mediaschool.ohio.edu
647:www.sudantribune.com
599:www.encyclopedia.com
509:mediaschool.ohio.edu
474:mediaschool.ohio.edu
208:Mahmoud Mohamed Taha
16:American sociologist
870:Writers from Boston
773:Aix (2022-10-04).
106:
105:
81:Scientific career
882:
789:
788:
786:
785:
770:
764:
763:
761:
760:
746:
740:
739:
737:
736:
722:
716:
713:
694:
693:
682:
676:
675:
664:
658:
657:
655:
654:
639:
633:
632:
630:
629:
615:
609:
608:
606:
605:
591:
585:
584:
578:
570:
542:
519:
518:
516:
515:
501:
484:
483:
481:
480:
466:
125:social movements
42:
40:
19:
18:
890:
889:
885:
884:
883:
881:
880:
879:
795:
794:
793:
792:
783:
781:
771:
767:
758:
756:
748:
747:
743:
734:
732:
724:
723:
719:
714:
697:
684:
683:
679:
666:
665:
661:
652:
650:
641:
640:
636:
627:
625:
617:
616:
612:
603:
601:
593:
592:
588:
572:
571:
559:
543:
522:
513:
511:
503:
502:
487:
478:
476:
468:
467:
460:
455:
409:
398:
361:
348:
297:
275:
270:
261:
259:Ohio University
241:
222:In his memoir,
200:
145:
137:Ohio University
98:Ohio University
74:
70:Alma mater
57:
44:
38:
36:
35:
34:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
888:
878:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
812:
807:
791:
790:
765:
741:
717:
695:
677:
659:
649:. 27 June 2016
634:
610:
586:
557:
520:
485:
457:
456:
454:
451:
450:
449:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
408:
405:
397:
394:
393:
392:
389:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
360:
357:
356:
355:
352:
347:
344:
343:
342:
339:
336:
332:
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
313:
310:
307:
304:
301:
296:
293:
292:
291:
288:
285:
282:
279:
274:
271:
269:
266:
260:
257:
245:Modern Muslims
240:
239:Women's rights
237:
224:Modern Muslims
199:
196:
144:
141:
104:
103:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
45:
43:March 21, 1953
32:
30:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
887:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
811:
810:Living people
808:
806:
803:
802:
800:
780:
776:
769:
755:
751:
745:
731:
727:
721:
712:
710:
708:
706:
704:
702:
700:
691:
687:
681:
673:
669:
663:
648:
644:
638:
624:
620:
614:
600:
596:
590:
582:
576:
568:
564:
560:
558:9780821445778
554:
550:
549:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
527:
525:
510:
506:
500:
498:
496:
494:
492:
490:
475:
471:
465:
463:
458:
448:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
410:
404:
402:
390:
387:
384:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
362:
353:
350:
349:
340:
337:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
314:
311:
308:
305:
302:
299:
298:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
276:
265:
256:
254:
250:
246:
236:
234:
229:
225:
220:
217:
211:
209:
205:
195:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
177:United States
174:
170:
166:
165:Washington DC
162:
158:
154:
153:Massachusetts
150:
140:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
117:social change
114:
110:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
82:
78:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
51:Massachusetts
48:
31:
27:
20:
782:. Retrieved
778:
768:
757:. Retrieved
753:
744:
733:. Retrieved
729:
720:
689:
680:
672:www.ohio.edu
671:
662:
651:. Retrieved
646:
637:
626:. Retrieved
622:
613:
602:. Retrieved
598:
589:
547:
512:. Retrieved
508:
477:. Retrieved
473:
400:
399:
396:Bibliography
268:Publications
262:
244:
242:
223:
221:
212:
201:
146:
129:Muslim world
108:
107:
95:Institutions
80:
805:1953 births
169:Peace Corps
127:within the
113:sociologist
62:Nationality
799:Categories
784:2022-10-04
759:2018-12-04
735:2018-12-04
653:2018-12-04
628:2018-12-04
604:2018-12-04
551:. Athens.
514:2018-12-04
479:2018-12-04
453:References
233:Sharia law
228:Hume Horan
143:Early life
39:1953-03-21
575:cite book
567:956954169
90:Sociology
754:The Post
65:American
403:(2016)
565:
555:
407:Awards
359:Career
335:Press.
253:#MeToo
198:Career
149:Boston
121:Africa
87:Fields
47:Boston
623:MEMRI
346:2010s
316:2002.
295:2000s
273:1990s
216:Quran
185:Sudan
133:Sudan
581:link
563:OCLC
553:ISBN
173:Chad
123:and
55:U.S.
29:Born
163:in
159:at
119:in
801::
777:.
752:.
728:.
698:^
688:.
670:.
645:.
621:.
597:.
577:}}
573:{{
561:.
523:^
507:.
488:^
472:.
461:^
151:,
53:,
49:,
787:.
762:.
738:.
692:.
674:.
656:.
631:.
607:.
583:)
569:.
517:.
482:.
41:)
37:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.