Ivory Coast - Knowledge

5038: 5034: 1985:, charging massive fraud in the northern departments controlled by the rebels of the New Forces. These charges were contradicted by United Nations observers (unlike African Union observers). The report of the results led to severe tension and violent incidents. The Constitutional Council, which consisted of Gbagbo supporters, declared the results of seven northern departments unlawful and that Gbagbo had won the elections with 51% of the vote – instead of Ouattara winning with 54%, as reported by the Electoral Commission. After the inauguration of Gbagbo, Ouattara—who was recognized as the winner by most countries and the United Nations—organized an alternative inauguration. These events raised fears of a resurgence of the civil war; thousands of refugees fled the country. The African Union sent 1748:

significant immigration of workers from surrounding countries. Coffee production increased significantly, catapulting Ivory Coast into third place in world output, behind Brazil and Colombia. By 1979, the country was the world's leading producer of cocoa. It also became Africa's leading exporter of pineapples and palm oil. French technicians contributed to the "Ivorian miracle". In other African nations, the people drove out the Europeans following independence, but in Ivory Coast, they poured in. The French community grew from only 30,000 before independence to 60,000 in 1980, most of them teachers, managers, and advisors. For 20 years, the economy maintained an annual growth rate of nearly 10%—the highest of Africa's non-oil-exporting countries.

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the German embassy; his home had been burned down. President Gbagbo cut short his trip to Italy and on his return stated, in a television address, that some of the rebels were hiding in the shanty towns where foreign migrant workers lived. Gendarmes and vigilantes bulldozed and burned homes by the thousands, attacking residents. An early ceasefire with the rebels, which had the backing of much of the northern populace, proved short-lived and fighting over the prime cocoa-growing areas resumed. France sent in troops to maintain the cease-fire boundaries, and militias, including warlords and fighters from

3515: 4433: 3523: 1465:. Concerted French exploration of West Africa began in the mid-19th century but moved slowly, based more on individual initiative than on government policy. In the 1840s, the French concluded a series of treaties with local West African chiefs that enabled the French to build fortified posts along the Gulf of Guinea to serve as permanent trading centres. The first posts in Ivory Coast included one at Assinie and another at Grand-Bassam, which became the colony's first capital. The treaties provided for French sovereignty within the posts and for trading privileges in exchange for fees or 4334: 83: 9657: 69: 1939: 1853:. The rebels threatened to move on to Abidjan again, and France deployed troops from its base in the country to stop their advance. The French said they were protecting their citizens from danger, but their deployment also helped government forces. That the French were helping either side was not established as a fact, but each side accused the French of supporting the opposite side. Whether French actions improved or worsened the situation in the long term is disputed. What exactly happened that night is also disputed. 3391: 1302:, flourished as an empire between the 14th and 16th centuries. Songhai was also weakened by internal discord, which led to factional warfare. This discord spurred most of the migrations southward toward the forest belt. The dense rainforest covering the southern half of the country created barriers to the large-scale political organizations that had arisen in the north. Inhabitants lived in villages or clusters of villages; their contacts with the outside world were filtered through long-distance traders. Villagers 1533: 8967: 1144:

considered increasingly troublesome whenever its international dealings extended beyond the Francophone sphere. Therefore, in April 1986, the government declared that Côte d'Ivoire (or, more fully, République de Côte d'Ivoire) would be its formal name for the purposes of diplomatic protocol and has since officially refused to recognize any translations from French to other languages in its international dealings. Despite the Ivorian government's request, the English translation "Ivory Coast" (often "

3188: 3943: 1857: 1946: 1694: 1476: 4097: 11181: 10537: 9872: 1585:, which extended over large parts of present-day Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso, and Ivory Coast. Ture's large, well-equipped army, which could manufacture and repair its own firearms, attracted strong support throughout the region. The French responded to Ture's expansion and conquest with military pressure. French campaigns against Ture, which were met with fierce resistance, intensified in the mid-1890s until he was captured in 1898 and his empire dissolved. 8835: 1565: 9884: 3581:

and banking companies. Decreasing job markets posed a huge issue as unemployment rates grew. Unemployment rates rose to 9.4% in 2012. Solutions proposed to decrease unemployment included diversifying jobs in small trade. This division of work encouraged farmers and the agricultural sector. Self-employment policy, established by the Ivorian government, allowed for very strong growth in the field with an increase of 142% in seven years from 1995.

1620: 1727:, became Ivory Coast's father of independence. In 1944, he formed the country's first agricultural trade union for African cocoa farmers like himself. Angered that colonial policy favoured French plantation owners, the union members united to recruit migrant workers for their own farms. Houphouët-Boigny soon rose to prominence and was elected to the French Parliament in Paris within a year. A year later, the French abolished 5064: 3689: 8825: 701: 653: 634: 601: 582: 4231: 1771:, into the new political capital were wasted; others supported his vision to develop a centre for peace, education, and religion in the heart of the country. In the early 1980s, the world recession and a local drought sent shock waves through the Ivorian economy. The overcutting of timber and collapsing sugar prices caused the country's external debt to increase three-fold. Crime rose dramatically in 1315: 676: 2133:. On 2 December, the Electoral Commission declared that Ouattara had won the election by a margin of 54% to 46%. In response, the Gbagbo-aligned Constitutional Council rejected the declaration, and the government announced that country's borders had been sealed. An Ivorian military spokesman said, "The air, land, and sea border of the country are closed to all movement of people and goods." 1036:, it was an economic powerhouse in West Africa during the 1960s and 1970s, then experienced an economic crisis in the 1980s, contributing to a period of political and social turmoil that extended until 2011. Ivory Coast has experienced again high economic growth since the return of peace and political stability in 2011. From 2012 to 2023, the economy grew by an average of 7.1% per year in 8751: 5828: 1901:. With the late-October deadline approaching in 2006, the election was regarded as very unlikely to be held by that point, and the opposition and the rebels rejected the possibility of another term extension for Gbagbo. The UN Security Council endorsed another one-year extension of Gbagbo's term on 1 November 2006; however, the resolution provided for strengthening of Prime Minister 1168: 4000:), just 1.2% is allocated to scientific research. Twenty-four national research programmes group public and private research and training institutions around a common research theme. These programmes correspond to eight priority sectors for 2012–2015, namely: health, raw materials, agriculture, culture, environment, governance, mining and energy; and technology. 1802:, who had two northern Ivorian parents, from running for the future presidential election. As people originating from foreign countries are a large part of the Ivorian population, this policy excluded many people of Ivorian nationality. The relationship between various ethnic groups became strained, resulting in two civil wars in the following decades. 3961:, in 2019, 89.9% of the population aged 15 and over could read and write. A large part of the adult population, in particular women, is illiterate. Many children between 6 and 10 years old are not enrolled in school. The majority of students in secondary education are male. At the end of secondary education, students can sit for the 1916:, leader of the New Forces, became prime minister. These events were seen by some observers as substantially strengthening Gbagbo's position. According to UNICEF, at the end of the civil war, water and sanitation infrastructure had been greatly damaged. Communities across the country required repairs to their water supply. 1646:

governed under the principle of association. As subjects of France, natives outside the civilized elite had no political rights. They were drafted for work in mines, on plantations, as porters, and on public projects as part of their tax responsibility. They were expected to serve in the military and were subject to the

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Grand-Bassam, and Captain Binger was appointed governor. Agreements with Liberia in 1892 and with Britain in 1893 determined the eastern and western boundaries of the colony, but the northern boundary was not fixed until 1947 because of efforts by the French government to attach parts of Upper Volta (present-day

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people were killed at an opposition rally, and subsequent mob violence led to the evacuation of foreign nationals. A report concluded the killings were planned. Though UN peacekeepers were deployed to maintain a "Zone of Confidence", relations between Gbagbo and the opposition continued to deteriorate.

2024:, dozens were killed. UN and French forces took military action against Gbagbo. Gbagbo was taken into custody after a raid into his residence on 11 April 2011. The country was severely damaged by the war, and it was observed that Ouattara had inherited a formidable challenge to rebuild the economy and 3808:

missionaries from the United States and Canada. In November 2004, around 10,000 French and other foreign nationals evacuated Ivory Coast due to attacks from pro-government youth militias. Aside from French nationals, native-born descendants of French settlers who arrived during the country's colonial

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Around 7.5 million people made up the workforce in 2009. The workforce took a hit, especially in the private sector, during the early 2000s with numerous economic crises since 1999. Furthermore, these crises caused companies to close and move locations, especially in the tourism industry, and transit

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operation charged with procuring and illegal export of weapons and munitions: 4,000 handguns, 200,000 rounds of ammunition, and 50,000 tear-gas grenades, in violation of a UN embargo. Several other Ivory Coast officers were released because they had diplomatic passports. His accomplice, Michael Barry

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In January 2003, Gbagbo and rebel leaders signed accords creating a "government of national unity". Curfews were lifted, and French troops patrolled the country's western border. The unity government was unstable, and central problems remained with neither side achieving its goals. In March 2004, 120

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paid annually to the local chiefs for the use of the land. The arrangement was not entirely satisfactory to the French, because trade was limited and misunderstandings over treaty obligations often arose. Nevertheless, the French government maintained the treaties, hoping to expand trade. France also

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There are over 1,200 animal species including 223 mammals, 702 birds, 161 reptiles, 85 amphibians, and 111 species of fish, alongside 4,700 plant species. It is the most biodiverse country in West Africa, with the majority of its wildlife population living in the nation's rugged interior. The nation

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and calls for independence. Although strongly opposed to the practices of association, educated Ivorians believed that they would achieve equality in the French colonial system through assimilation rather than through complete independence from France. After the assimilation doctrine was implemented

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and association. Based on the assumed superiority of French culture, in practice the assimilation policy meant the extension of the French language, institutions, laws, and customs to the colonies. The policy of association also affirmed the superiority of the French in the colonies, but it entailed

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France's main goal was to stimulate the production of exports. Coffee, cocoa, and palm oil crops were soon planted along the coast. Ivory Coast stood out as the only West African country with a sizeable population of European settlers; elsewhere in West and Central Africa, Europeans who emigrated to

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The Baoulé, like the Ashanti, developed a highly centralised political and administrative structure under three successive rulers. It finally split into smaller chiefdoms. Despite the breakup of their kingdom, the Baoulé strongly resisted French subjugation. The descendants of the rulers of the Agni

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The earliest known inhabitants of Ivory Coast have left traces scattered throughout the territory. Historians believe that they were all either displaced or absorbed by the ancestors of the present indigenous inhabitants, who migrated south into the area before the 16th century. Such groups included

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About 77% of the population is considered Ivorian. Since Ivory Coast has established itself as one of the most successful West African nations, about 20% of the population (about 3.4 million) consists of workers from neighbouring Liberia, Burkina Faso, and Guinea. About 4% of the population is

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Worldwide, Ivorian diplomacy is committed to fair economic and trade relations, including the fair trade of agricultural products and the promotion of peaceful relations with all countries. Ivory Coast thus maintains diplomatic relations with international organizations and countries all around the

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The government claimed that former president Robert Guéï led a coup attempt, and state TV showed pictures of his dead body in the street; counter-claims stated that he and 15 others had been murdered at his home, and his body had been moved to the streets to incriminate him. Ouattara took refuge in

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in which Laurent Gbagbo vied with Guéï, but it was not peaceful. The lead-up to the election was marked by military and civil unrest. Following a public uprising that resulted in around 180 deaths, Guéï was swiftly replaced by Gbagbo. Ouattara was disqualified by the country's Supreme Court because

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in 1946, and France's gratitude for African loyalty during World War II, led to far-reaching governmental reforms in 1946. French citizenship was granted to all African "subjects", the right to organize politically was recognized, and various forms of forced labour were abolished. Between 1944 and

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Close ties to France since independence in 1960, diversification of agricultural exports, and encouragement of foreign investment have been factors in economic growth. In recent years, Ivory Coast has been subject to greater competition and falling prices in the global marketplace for its primary

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in Bouaké, on 6 November 2004, French soldiers were hit, and nine were killed; the Ivorian government said it was a mistake, but the French claimed it was deliberate. They responded by destroying most Ivorian military aircraft (two Su-25 planes and five helicopters), and violent retaliatory riots

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A 2020 estimate by the Pew Research Center, projected that Christians would represent 44% of the total population, while Muslims would represent 37.2% of the population. In addition, it estimated that 8.1% would be religiously unaffiliated, and 10.5% as followers of traditional African religions

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Although most of the fighting ended by late 2004, the country remained split in two, with the north controlled by the New Forces. A new presidential election was expected to be held in October 2005, and the rival parties agreed in March 2007 to proceed with this, but it continued to be postponed

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By 1960, the country was easily French West Africa's most prosperous, contributing over 40% of the region's total exports. When Houphouët-Boigny became the first president, his government gave farmers good prices for their products to further stimulate production, which was further boosted by a

1616:, governmental affairs in French West Africa were administered from Paris. France's policy in West Africa was reflected mainly in its philosophy of "association", meaning that all Africans in Ivory Coast were officially French "subjects" but without rights to representation in Africa or France. 1791:

In October 1995, Bédié overwhelmingly won re-election against a fragmented and disorganised opposition. He tightened his hold over political life, jailing several hundred opposition supporters. In contrast, the economic outlook improved, at least superficially, with decreasing inflation and an

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1946, many national conferences and constituent assemblies took place between France's government and provisional governments in Ivory Coast. Governmental reforms were established by late 1946, which granted French citizenship to all African "subjects" under the colonial control of the French.

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An indigenous elite trained in French administrative practice formed an intermediary group between French and Africans. After 1930, a small number of Westernized Ivorians were granted the right to apply for French citizenship. Most Ivorians, however, were classified as French subjects and were

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and which is thus now divided between the modern states of Ghana and Ivory Coast (with a minute portion of Liberia). It retained the name through French rule and independence in 1960. The name had long since been translated literally into other languages, which the post-independence government

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According to the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Ivory Coast devotes about 0.13% of GDP to GERD. Apart from low investment, other challenges include inadequate scientific equipment, the fragmentation of research organizations and a failure to exploit and protect research

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By the end of the 1880s, France had established control over the coastal regions, and in 1889 Britain recognized French sovereignty in the area. That same year, France named Treich-Laplène the titular governor of the territory. In 1893, Ivory Coast became a French colony, with its capital in

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Until 1958, governors appointed in Paris administered the colony of Ivory Coast, using a system of direct, centralized administration that left little room for Ivorian participation in policy-making. The French colonial administration also adopted divide-and-rule policies, applying ideas of

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is a dish consisting of chicken and vegetables slow-cooked in a sealed pot with little or no added liquid, which concentrates the flavors of the chicken and vegetables and tenderizes the chicken. It is usually cooked in a pottery jar called a canary, over a slow fire, or cooked in an oven.

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Ivory Coast's economy has grown faster than that of most other African countries since independence. One possible reason for this might be taxes on exported agriculture. Ivory Coast, Nigeria, and Kenya were exceptions as their rulers were themselves large cash-crop producers, and the newly

2321:. The autonomous districts are not divided into regions, but they do contain departments, sub-prefectures, and communes. Since 2011, governors for the 12 non-autonomous districts have not been appointed. As a result, these districts have not yet begun to function as governmental entities. 1576:

Throughout the early years of French rule, French military contingents were sent inland to establish new posts. The African population resisted French penetration and settlement, even in areas where treaties of protection had been in force. Among those offering the greatest resistance was

1731:. Houphouët-Boigny established a strong relationship with the French government, expressing a belief that Ivory Coast would benefit from the relationship, which it did for many years. France appointed him as a minister, the first African to become a minister in a European government. 4787: 2240:

concept. WASH focuses on safe drinkable water, hygiene, and proper sanitation. The group has had a major impact on the sub-Saharan region of Africa, particularly the Ivory Coast. By 2030, they plan to have universal and equal access to safe and affordable drinking water.

2048:, he won a third term in office in elections boycotted by the opposition. His opponents argued it was illegal for Ouattara to run for a third term. Ivory Coast's Constitutional Council formally ratified President Ouattara's re-election to a third term in November 2020. 1498:

initially caused the French government to abandon its colonial ambitions and withdraw its military garrisons from its West African trading posts, leaving them in the care of resident merchants. The trading post at Grand-Bassam was left in the care of a shipper from

1740:), which transferred several powers from Paris to elected territorial governments in French West Africa and also removed the remaining voting inequities. On 4 December 1958, Ivory Coast became an autonomous member of the French Community, which had replaced the 1453:

and Assinie regions, making their territories a French protectorate. French explorers, missionaries, trading companies, and soldiers gradually extended the area under French control inland from the lagoon region. Pacification was not accomplished until 1915.

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world. In particular, it has signed United Nations treaties such as the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, the 1967 Protocol, and the 1969 Convention Governing Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa. Ivory Coast is a member of the

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The presidential elections that should have been organized in 2005 were postponed until November 2010. The preliminary results showed a loss for Gbagbo in favour of former Prime Minister Ouattara. The ruling FPI contested the results before the

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by Muslim Berbers; it spread rapidly after the conversion of many important rulers. From the 11th century, by which time the rulers of the Sudanic empires had embraced Islam, it spread south into the northern areas of contemporary Ivory Coast.

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The first human presence in Ivory Coast has been difficult to determine because human remains have not been well preserved in the country's humid climate. However, newly found weapon and tool fragments (specifically, polished axes cut through

2236:(replacing the Millennium Development Goals). They focus on health, education, poverty, hunger, climate change, water sanitation, and hygiene. A major focus was clean water and salinization. Experts working in these fields have designed the 4434: 4275:, spiced with steamed onions and chili, and eaten along with grilled fish or boiled eggs. Chicken is commonly consumed and has a unique flavor because of its lean, low-fat mass in this region. Seafood includes tuna, sardines, shrimp, and 7827: 1060:

Originally, Portuguese and French merchant-explorers in the 15th and 16th centuries divided the west coast of Africa, very roughly, into four "coasts" reflecting resources available from each coast. The coast that the French named the

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attempt to remove foreign debt. Unlike Houphouët-Boigny, who was very careful to avoid any ethnic conflict and left access to administrative positions open to immigrants from neighbouring countries, Bedié emphasized the concept of

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different institutions and systems of laws for the colonizer and the colonized. Under this policy, the Africans in Ivory Coast were allowed to preserve their own customs insofar as they were compatible with French interests.

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In 1886, to support its claims of effective occupation, France again assumed direct control of its West African coastal trading posts and embarked on an accelerated program of exploration in the interior. In 1887, Lieutenant

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under the Mali Empire. Although Kong became a prosperous centre of agriculture, trade, and crafts, ethnic diversity and religious discord gradually weakened the kingdom. In 1895 the city of Kong was sacked and conquered by

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nationality. The constitution did not allow noncitizens to run for the presidency. This sparked violent protests in which his supporters, mainly from the country's north, battled riot police in the capital, Yamoussoukro.

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barracks in Abidjan lasted until mid-morning, but by lunchtime the government forces had secured Abidjan. They had lost control of the north of the country, and rebel forces made their stronghold in the northern city of

7580: 6695: 7784: 3442:. Around 64.8% of the land is agricultural land; arable land amounted to 9.1%, permanent pasture 41.5%, and permanent crops 14.2%. Water pollution is one of the biggest issues that the country is currently facing. 1685:

through the postwar reforms, though, Ivorian leaders realized that even assimilation implied the superiority of the French over the Ivorians and that discrimination and inequality would end only with independence.

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began a two-year journey that traversed parts of Ivory Coast's interior. By the end of the journey, he had concluded four treaties establishing French protectorates in Ivory Coast. Also in 1887, Verdier's agent,

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was 118 of 1000 live births. Twelve physicians are available per 100,000 people. About a quarter of the population lives below the international poverty line of US$ 1.25 a day. About 36% of women have undergone

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Gbagbo's original term as president expired on 30 October 2005, but a peaceful election was deemed impossible, so his term in office was extended for a maximum of one year, according to a plan worked out by the

11135: 6845: 6434: 11268: 2052: 997:, who ruled the country until 1993. Relatively stable by regional standards, Ivory Coast established close political-economic ties with its West African neighbours while maintaining close relations with 1844:

In the early hours of 19 September 2002, while Gbagbo was in Italy, an armed uprising occurred. Troops who were to be demobilised mutinied, launching attacks in several cities. The battle for the main

1989:, former president of South Africa, to mediate the conflict. The United Nations Security Council adopted a resolution recognising Ouattara as the winner of the elections, based on the position of the 3696:

According to the 14 December 2021 census, the population was 29,389,150, up from 22,671,331 at the 2014 census. The first national census in 1975 counted 6.7 million inhabitants. According to a

2125:. The first round of elections was held peacefully and widely hailed as free and fair. Runoffs were held on 28 November 2010, after being delayed one week from the original date of 21 November. 7819: 6583: 2178:

In Africa, Ivorian diplomacy favors step-by-step economic and political cooperation. In 1959, Ivory Coast formed the Council of the Entente with Dahomey (Benin), Upper Volta (Burkina Faso),

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grew into a powerful Muslim state, which reached its apogee in the early part of the 14th century. The territory of the Mali Empire in Ivory Coast was limited to the northwest corner around

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kingdoms tried to retain their separate identity long after Ivory Coast's independence; as late as 1969, the Sanwi attempted to break away from Ivory Coast and form an independent kingdom.

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crops of coffee and cocoa. That, compounded with high internal corruption, makes life difficult for the grower, those exporting into foreign markets, and the labour force; instances of

6928: 3546:, constituting 40% of the monetary union's total GDP. Ivory Coast is the fourth-largest exporter of general goods in sub-Saharan Africa (following South Africa, Nigeria, and Angola). 6523: 5008: 1600:

from the local kings, rather than the reverse. Many, especially in the interior, also considered the tax a humiliating symbol of submission. In 1905, the French officially abolished

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The coastline of the modern state is not quite coterminous with what the 15th- and 16th-century merchants knew as the "Teeth" or "Ivory" coast, which was considered to stretch from

7225: 6673: 8809: 6350: 6001: 6792: 6375: 6290: 4163: 6493: 6318: 6182: 1040:, the second-fastest rate of economic growth in Africa and fourth-fastest rate in the world. In 2023, Ivory Coast had the second-highest GDP per capita in West Africa, behind 7657: 7687: 1124:, after the people whom the Dutch named the Quaqua (alternatively Kwa Kwa); the Coast of the Five and Six Stripes, after a type of cotton fabric also traded there; and the 10061: 9360: 7776: 1287:

between the 4th and 13th centuries. At the peak of its power in the 11th century, its realms extended from the Atlantic Ocean to Timbuktu. After the decline of Ghana, the

1048:. In 2020, Ivory Coast was the world's largest exporter of cocoa beans and had high levels of income for its region. The economy still relies heavily on agriculture, with 4505:

Many governments use "Côte d'Ivoire" for diplomatic reasons, as do their outlets, such as the Chinese CCTV News. Other organizations that use "Côte d'Ivoire" include the

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By controlling the trade routes with their powerful military forces, these empires were able to dominate neighbouring states. The Sudanic empires also became centres of

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for 2012–2015 that is devoted to scientific research remains modest. Within the section on greater wealth creation and social equity (63.8% of the total budget for the

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in South Africa in 1995. Ivory Coast has won three African Cup of Nation titles: one in 1992, another one in 2015, and the third one in 2024. Ivory Coast is known for

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Early in November 2004, after the peace agreement had effectively collapsed because the rebels refused to disarm, Gbagbo ordered airstrikes against the rebels. During

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assimilation only to the educated elite. The French were also interested in ensuring that the small but influential Ivorian elite was sufficiently satisfied with the

1764:. Houphouët-Boigny banked on his broad appeal to the population, who continued to elect him. He was criticized for his emphasis on developing large-scale projects. 8147: 7381: 6424: 4858: 1612:. In World War I, France organized regiments from Ivory Coast to fight in France, and colony resources were rationed from 1917 to 1919. Until the period following 1382:

scholars attracted students from all parts of West Africa. In the mid-17th century in east-central Ivory Coast, other Akan groups fleeing the Asante established a

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routes were located on the edge of the desert, and from there supplemental trade extended as far south as the edge of the rainforest. The most important terminals—

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estimates, Christians and Muslims each made up 35% to 40% of the population, while an estimated 25% of the population practised traditional (animist) religions.

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program provoked protests. Many Ivorians saw the tax as a violation of the protectorate treaties because they felt that France was demanding the equivalent of a

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as an influx of villagers exacerbated unemployment caused by the recession. In 1990, hundreds of civil servants went on strike, joined by students protesting

10066: 7257: 7168: 1760:, who would become the president of Ivory Coast in 2000, had to flee the country in the 1980s after he incurred the ire of Houphouët-Boigny by founding the 4038:, another African characteristic, are found throughout Ivory Coast being especially common in the southwest. Popular music genres from Ivory Coast include 11293: 1445:

Assinie's survival was precarious, however; the French were not firmly established in Ivory Coast until the mid-19th century. In 1843–44, French Admiral

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in January 2016. He was declared acquitted by the court but given a conditional release in January 2019. Belgium has been designated as a host country.

11263: 11253: 10360: 10283: 10201: 10117: 10112: 6085: 10319: 10268: 8019: 6401: 6268: 6575: 9994: 7279: 5099: 525: 11089: 10355: 5444: 1414:. European slave and merchant ships preferred other areas along the coast. The earliest recorded European voyage to West Africa was made by the 10582: 6814: 4630: 4213: 1779:. The unrest forced the government to support multi-party democracy. Houphouët-Boigny became increasingly feeble and died in 1993. He favoured 10163: 9351: 8427: 8125: 8095: 7919: 6924: 5909: 4152: 2057: 657: 11084: 7194: 6730: 5538: 4755: 11283: 10206: 9730: 8882: 6515: 5482: 5004: 4678: 2278: 712: 7305: 7221: 6138: 3772:

and 45,000 French; 2004). Most of these categories are subdivided into different ethnicities. For example, the Akan grouping includes the

11303: 11273: 11130: 10460: 10186: 10107: 10102: 6665: 4971: 3138: 1524:, negotiated five additional agreements that extended French influence from the headwaters of the Niger River Basin through Ivory Coast. 6340: 5997: 10216: 9098: 7389: 6782: 6301: 494: 382: 8361: 4949: 4916: 10573: 10140: 9296: 8931: 8895: 6272: 4347: 3543: 2219: 2215: 2191: 1990: 1109:). Like those, the name "Ivory Coast" reflected the major trade that occurred on that particular stretch of the coast: the export of 605: 7997: 6485: 6326: 6194: 5396: 3966: 3704:

stood at 4.3 children per woman in 2021 (with 3.6 in urban areas and 5.3 in rural areas), down from 5.0 children per woman in 2012.

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light tanks, 34 reconnaissance vehicles, 10 BMP-1/2 armoured infantry fighting vehicles, 41 wheeled APCs, and 36+ artillery pieces.

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Thornton, John K. (1996). "The African background to American colonization". In Engerman, Stanley L.; Gallman, Robert E. (eds.).

7891: 7562: 3726:, has emerged in Abidjan in recent years and spread among the younger generation. One of the most common indigenous languages is 3718:

It is estimated that 78 languages are spoken in Ivory Coast. French, the official language, is taught in schools and serves as a

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independent countries desisted from imposing penal rates of taxation on exported agriculture. As such, their economies did well.

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Its slow decline starting at the end of the 14th century followed internal discord and revolts by vassal states, one of which,

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rate in the world. The HIV/AIDS rate was 19th-highest in the world, estimated in 2012 at 3.20% among adults aged 15–49 years.

1698: 1422:, was founded in the mid-17th century in Senegal, while at about the same time, the Dutch ceded to the French a settlement at 10173: 10155: 10019: 9982: 9716: 9088: 9017: 8654: 8480: 8443: 8402: 8355: 7592: 6760: 6246: 4193: 3982: 3459: 1025: 352: 8494: 8239: 7535: 6605: 5132: 3730:, which acts as a trade language in much of the country, particularly in the north, and is mutually intelligible with other 1472:

wanted to maintain a presence in the region to stem the increasing influence of the British along the Gulf of Guinea coast.

10385: 10374: 10135: 9129: 7887: 5592:

Guédé, François Yiodé (1995). "Contribution à l'étude du paléolithique de la Côte d'Ivoire : État des connaissances".

4942:"OVERALL DEFINITIVE RESULTS OF THE RGPH 2021: THE POPULATION USUALLY LIVING ON IVORIAN TERRITORY IS 29,389,150 INHABITANTS" 4883: 4854: 4243:

Traditional cuisine is very similar to that of neighbouring countries in West Africa in its reliance on grains and tubers.

1982: 1442:(now Ghana). The Europeans suppressed the local practice of slavery at this time and forbade the trade to their merchants. 17: 8828: 7416:"Recensement Général de la Population et de l'Habitat 2014 - Rapport d'exécution et Présentation des principaux résultats" 6703: 2016:

and the Second Ivorian Civil War. International organizations reported numerous human-rights violations by both sides. In

10470: 10465: 10196: 10191: 10024: 8334:

Dictionnaire de la conversation et de la lecture inventaire raisonné des notions générales les plus indispensables à tous

7721: 7498: 7016: 6322: 6038: 4847: 2203: 2122: 1925: 1813:

in power. Bedié fled into exile in France. The new leadership reduced crime and corruption, and the generals pressed for

1196:

and remnants of cooking and fishing) have been interpreted as a possible indication of a large human presence during the

887: 8155: 6211: 2114:

has been Yamoussoukro, while Abidjan was the administrative center. Most countries maintain their embassies in Abidjan.

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the colonies were largely bureaucrats. As a result, French citizens owned one-third of the cocoa, coffee, and banana

160: 10680: 10365: 10298: 10288: 10224: 10084: 9677: 9435: 9198: 9073: 8875: 7560:

Lewis, M. Paul (ed.), 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Sixteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International.

6456: 5504: 5422: 4564:

newspaper's style guide says: "Ivory Coast, not 'The Ivory Coast' or 'Côte d'Ivoire'; its nationals are Ivorians."

3497: 2157: 1410:

Compared to neighbouring Ghana, Ivory Coast, though practising slavery and slave raiding, suffered little from the

1029: 776: 771: 7820:"Yamoussoukro's Notre-Dame de la Paix, the world's largest basilica - a history of cities in 50 buildings, day 37" 6269:"Final Communique on the Extraordinary Session of the Authority of Heads of State and Government on Cote D'Ivoire" 4139:

in Canada. The country has been the host of several major African sporting events, with the most recent being the

2136:

President Alassane Ouattara has led the country since 2010 and he was re-elected to a third term in November 2020

1457:

Activity along the coast stimulated European interest in the interior, especially along the two great rivers, the

11298: 10440: 9176: 8987: 7247: 7172: 4520: 3481: 2104: 1898: 1885: 1805:

Similarly, Bedié excluded many potential opponents from the army. In late 1999, a group of dissatisfied officers

1128:, the Windward Coast, after perennial local off-shore weather conditions. In the 19th century, usage switched to 1033: 432: 8736: 3970: 11145: 11120: 10293: 10011: 9265: 9147: 4136: 3864: 3769: 3697: 3539: 2314: 2198:

in 2000, Ivory Coast defends respect for state sovereignty and peaceful cooperation between African countries.

1045: 871: 586: 8936: 3241: 2807: 1806: 1006: 10566: 10517: 10345: 10333: 10076: 9988: 9188: 9027: 8992: 6093: 5315: 4148: 3895: 3880: 3171: 3116: 2233: 2071: 2063: 1970: 959: 863: 851: 795: 367: 10825: 9581: 3223: 2924: 11308: 10432: 10395: 10370: 10181: 10034: 9939: 9337: 9225: 8997: 4167: 2171: 2029: 2013: 1446: 895: 761: 68: 31: 8030: 7569:(Page on "Languages of Côte d'Ivoire." This page indicates that one of the 79 no longer has any speakers.) 7519: 6393: 6276: 1044:. Despite this, as of the most recent survey in 2016, 46.1% of the population continues to be affected by 10876: 10408: 10145: 10044: 9915: 9260: 9215: 9203: 9063: 9032: 8966: 8868: 8855: 8791: 8571: 7380: 7283: 4795: 4703: 4674: 4541: 4506: 4144: 4091: 3851:

Ivory Coast has a religiously diverse population. According to the latest 2021 census data, adherents of

3826: 3590: 2302: 2004: 1720: 1439: 1180: 1037: 1018: 994: 879: 512: 297: 88: 5088: 2271: 2229:. This has been done mainly with the help of organizations such as UNICEF and corporations like Nestle. 10455: 10260: 9967: 9245: 9124: 9012: 9002: 8950: 8472: 6345: 4124: 3455: 2310: 2194:(ECOWAS) in 1975. A founding member of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) in 1963 and then of the 1094: 739: 11204: 8304: 4535: 2190:(OCAM); in 1972, the Economic Community of West Africa (CEAO). The latter organization changed to the 1996:

In 2010, a colonel of Ivory Coast armed forces, Nguessan Yao, was arrested in New York in a year-long

10413: 8956: 8720: 7587:, Cambridge Approaches to Language Contact, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 159–181, 5452: 3957:

Among sub-Saharan African countries, Ivory Coast has one of the highest literacy rates. According to

3921: 2140:

boycotted by two leading opposition figures former President Henri Konan Bedie and ex-Prime Minister

2096: 2025: 402: 373: 4619: 3831: 3290: 2427: 2387: 2225:

Ivory Coast has partnered with nations of the Sub-Saharan region to strengthen water and sanitation

1537: 10665: 10559: 10450: 10094: 9952: 9420: 9240: 9220: 9162: 9068: 9007: 8975: 8946: 7923: 5817: 4566: 3937: 3713: 3385: 3176: 2298: 2141: 1958: 1929: 1776: 1279:, the earliest of the Sudanic empires, flourished in the region encompassing present-day southeast 1014: 943: 481: 388: 252: 8704:

Histoire générale des voyages ou Nouvelle collection des relations de voyages par mer et par terre

8117: 8071: 7198: 5916: 4239:

is a popular dish throughout West Africa prepared with chicken or fish. Chicken yassa is pictured.

1521: 11248: 11125: 10551: 10522: 10512: 10250: 9270: 9078: 9051: 9037: 8941: 8781: 8638:

Peinture géographique du monde moderne: suivant l'ordre dans lequel il a été reconnu et decouvert

8225: 6726: 5530: 5474: 4748: 4666: 4171: 4022:

Each of the ethnic groups in the Ivory Coast has its own music genres, most showing strong vocal

3989: 3818: 3477: 3473: 3451: 2318: 2250: 2090: 1826: 1303: 1010: 947: 690: 563: 328: 143: 7579:

Boutin, Akissi Béatrice (2021), Hurst-Harosh, Ellen; Brookes, Heather; Mesthrie, Rajend (eds.),

3951: 3804:

of non-African ancestry. Many are French, Lebanese, Vietnamese and Spanish citizens, as well as

3349: 3313: 2543: 11115: 10948: 10540: 10507: 10418: 10127: 9972: 9908: 9289: 9210: 9157: 9139: 9112: 9022: 8903: 7313: 4475:

sometimes denoted the combined "Ivory" and "Grain" coasts, or sometimes just the "Grain" coast.

4352: 4009: 3509: 3295: 2492: 2375: 2306: 2289: 1780: 1668: 1664: 1157: 723: 613: 557: 439: 9837: 4986: 4205: 4127:, when they were the host nation. Côte d'Ivoire has produced many well-known footballers like 10685: 10273: 10245: 9440: 9235: 9134: 8468: 5311: 4120: 3907: 3489: 3466: 2458: 1861: 1761: 1681: 1638: 1609: 1362:

was established in the 17th century by an Akan group, the Abron, who had fled the developing

1148:

Ivory Coast") is still frequently used in English by various media outlets and publications.

7385: 4941: 4179: 3538:. As of the most recent survey in 2016, 46.1% of the population continues to be affected by 3522: 1604:

in most of French West Africa. From 1904 to 1958, Ivory Coast was part of the Federation of

11243: 10922: 10240: 9305: 9255: 9250: 9193: 8342: 7114: 6980:

While Yamoussoukro is the seat of Bélier region, the city itself is not part of the region.

6190: 4908: 4197: 4108: 4017: 4013: 3822: 3701: 3562: 2961: 2100: 1965: 1516: 1479: 1419: 1411: 1237: 417: 8697:(in French). Vol. 11. Paris: chez Desaint & Saillant, J.-T. Herissant, J. Barois. 4047: 8: 11161: 10978: 9698: 9681: 9230: 8724: 7989: 7717: 7494: 6851: 6034: 5388: 4972:"Loi n° 2000-513 du 1er août 2000 portant Constitution de la République de Côte d'Ivoire" 3871:) comprised 39.8% of the population. An additional 12.6% of the population identified as 3514: 3431: 2095:

The government is divided into three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. The

1902: 1495: 1491: 1323: 1245: 1086: 990: 919: 745: 336: 222: 74: 8184: 7619: 7118: 4620:"RECENSEMENT GENERAL DE LA POPULATION ET DE L'HABITAT 2021 RESULTATS GLOBAUX DEFINITIFS" 3565:

have been reported in the country's cocoa and coffee production in every edition of the

3187: 2422: 1734:

A turning point in relations with France was reached with the 1956 Overseas Reform Act (

1366:

confederation of Asanteman in what is present-day Ghana. From their settlement south of

11288: 11166: 10963: 10491: 10444: 8921: 8814: 8786: 8607: 8391:

Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene

7749: 7454: 7145: 7102: 7078: 7043: 6815:"Côte d'Ivoire : un nouveau gouvernement, mais peu de changements – Jeune Afrique" 4581: 4511: 4314:

normally features braised chicken, and fish covered in onions and tomatoes served with

4175: 3958: 3535: 3427: 3399: 3331: 3084: 3012: 2741: 2324:

The following is the list of districts, district capitals and each district's regions:

2145: 1736: 1713: 1605: 1569: 9329: 8690: 8389: 7880: 6846:"Ivory Coast's former president Laurent Gbagbo oversaw 'unspeakable crimes', says ICC" 4448: 4183: 1260:—grew into major commercial centres around which the great Sudanic empires developed. 923: 232: 10968: 10705: 10278: 9977: 9883: 9456: 8728: 8676: 8660: 8650: 8624: 8614: 8594: 8575: 8552: 8533: 8517: 8486: 8476: 8449: 8439: 8398: 8351: 8318: 8279: 8260: 8229: 8085: 7683: 7588: 7559: 7524: 7150: 7132: 7083: 7065: 6925:"Chapter XXVI: Disarmament – No. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons" 6669: 6609: 6579: 6152: 6115: 3947: 3840: 3731: 3531: 3493: 3439: 3435: 3344: 2580: 2130: 1953: 1799: 1660: 1601: 1508: 1431: 1415: 1217: 1197: 1140: 358: 7449: 7415: 7410: 6990: 4743: 4527:

and Olympic teams in international games and in official broadcasts), news magazine

2910: 2441: 2040:

Ouattara has ruled the country since 2010. President Ouattara was re-elected in the

9957: 8077: 7140: 7122: 7073: 7055: 6878: 6752: 6546:"Former Ivory Coast President Laurent Gbagbo freed by International Criminal Court" 6238: 5601: 4821: 4558:

usually uses "Ivory Coast" both in news reports and on its page about the country.

4374: 4067: 3916: 3789: 3326: 3259: 2992: 2858: 2793: 2753: 2675: 1938: 1810: 1627: 1582: 1395: 1348: 939: 665: 126: 7528: 4063: 3773: 3765: 3757: 2692: 2611: 1724: 1383: 978: 11110: 10760: 9876: 9785: 9372: 8804: 8462: 8219: 7566: 6635: 6429: 5124: 4427: 4225: 4140: 3912: 3785: 3062: 2975: 2207: 1709: 1264: 915: 811: 227: 109: 54: 8839: 8509: 3390: 2077:

On 6 October 2023, Ouattara dissolved the government and removed Prime Minister

1623: 1532: 1002: 10958: 9962: 9947: 9822: 9806: 8916: 7127: 6787: 4248: 4159: 3925: 3805: 3727: 3423: 2824: 2758: 2656: 2641: 2255:

As of 2012, major equipment items reported by the Ivory Coast Army included 10

2226: 2167: 2126: 1913: 1757: 1504: 1378:. Bondoukou developed into a major centre of commerce and Islam. The kingdom's 1299: 1268: 935: 927: 903: 899: 315: 205: 8453: 7709: 7486: 7020: 6026: 2575: 1564: 11237: 11219: 11206: 10881: 10730: 9931: 9888: 9496: 8843: 8799: 8755: 8598: 7136: 7069: 6379: 6297: 6219: 5832: 5821: 5005:"Ivory Coast backs new constitution in landslide vote, opposition cries foul" 4529: 4339: 4288:

Slow-simmered stews with various ingredients are another common food staple.

4128: 4079: 4075: 3777: 3753: 3719: 3007: 2594: 2195: 2174:(ICC), becoming the first head of state to be taken into the court's custody. 1894: 1756:

Houphouët-Boigny's one-party rule was not amenable to political competition.

1728: 1705: 1458: 1435: 1363: 1335: 815: 788: 333: 242: 175: 162: 8732: 8521: 8490: 7858: 7744: 7060: 4132: 3942: 1945: 1856: 10635: 9606: 9596: 9400: 8664: 7154: 7087: 6783:"Ivory Coast election: Ouattara wins the third term, opposition cries foul" 6461: 5605: 5565: 5560: 4560: 4255:

is used to prepare corn balls, and peanuts are widely used in many dishes.

4234: 4055: 4051: 4031: 4027: 3860: 3844: 3781: 3534:(US$ 1,662 in 2017) and plays a key role in transit trade for neighbouring 3415: 3277: 3272: 3041: 3027: 2987: 2778: 2707: 2616: 2509: 2111: 2078: 2017: 1874: 1837: 1768: 1741: 1693: 1656: 1619: 1613: 1593: 1553:(present-day Mali) to Ivory Coast for economic and administrative reasons. 1550: 1546: 1494:

in 1871 and the subsequent annexation by Germany of the French province of

1475: 1450: 1371: 1339: 1331: 1276: 1233: 1078: 1049: 998: 982: 969:

Before its colonization, Ivory Coast was home to several states, including

955: 931: 883: 847: 462: 262: 237: 154: 8589:

Ministry of Economy and Finances of the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (2007),

8532:. Political Chronologies of the World. Vol. 4. Taylor & Francis. 4096: 2473: 2162: 2021: 1648: 11038: 10840: 10820: 9780: 9611: 8628: 8464:

An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945–1996

4281: 4209: 4189: 3872: 3868: 3749: 2890: 2407: 2392: 2211: 1986: 1845: 1702: 1663:'s provisional government assumed control of all French West Africa. The 1578: 1462: 1391: 1355: 1344: 1327: 1288: 1213: 1172: 1136: 974: 911: 843: 426: 411: 8081: 5418: 2839: 1794: 1322:

Five important states flourished in Ivory Coast during the pre-European

906:

to the south. With 30.9 million inhabitants in 2023, Ivory Coast is the

11013: 11008: 10902: 10835: 10775: 10765: 10755: 10660: 10486: 9687: 9591: 9556: 9541: 9526: 9481: 9415: 8860: 7280:"Cote d'Ivoire | Office of the United States Trade Representative" 6131:"Ivory Coast Opposition, Rebels Say No to Term Extension for President" 4306:

Ivorians have a particular kind of small, open-air restaurant called a

4035: 3797: 3793: 3761: 3682:

Source: 1960 UN estimate, 1975–1998 censuses, 2014 census, 2021 census.

3550: 3500:

mean score of 3.64/10, ranking it 143rd globally out of 172 countries.

3022: 2941: 2646: 2524: 2463: 2453: 1767:

Many felt the millions of dollars spent transforming his home village,

1558: 1334:

in the early 18th century in the north-central region inhabited by the

1280: 1228:

The first recorded history appears in the chronicles of North African (

1041: 212: 9764: 8341:

Essegbey, George; Diaby, Nouhou; Konté, Almamy (2015). "West Africa".

7044:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm" 4251:

are significant parts of Ivorian cuisine. A type of corn paste called

3894:

Yamoussoukro is home to the largest church building in the world, the

2844: 2529: 2504: 1292: 10998: 10993: 10938: 10780: 9546: 8712: 8435: 7340:"Ivory Coast Unemployment Rate | 1998–2017 | Data | Chart | Calendar" 6519: 4575: 4300: 4201: 4071: 4023: 3099: 3074: 2880: 2697: 2397: 2267: 2067: 1814: 1500: 1483: 1367: 1201: 1176: 247: 8549:

A History of Afro-Hispanic Language: Five Centuries, Five Continents

6696:"Ivory Coast president removes prime minister, dissolves government" 6319:"ICE deports Ivory Coast army colonel convicted of arms trafficking" 3218: 2946: 2936: 2875: 2773: 2727: 2412: 2008:

A shelter for internally displaced persons during the 2011 civil war

1850: 1249: 1244:

in salt, slaves, gold, and other goods. The southern termini of the

1120:, literally "Coast of Teeth", again reflecting the ivory trade; the 30:

This article is about the West African country. For other uses, see

11269:

Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

11140: 11064: 11033: 11028: 10695: 10690: 10650: 10645: 10630: 9646: 9621: 9471: 9466: 9445: 9410: 9395: 9316: 8336:(in French). Vol. 6 (2nd ed.). Paris: Michel Lévy frères. 6962: 6756: 6639: 6291:"Communique of the 252nd Meeting of the Peace and Security Council" 6242: 6134: 6089: 5534: 5128: 4590: 4570: 4319: 4290: 4272: 4262: 4261:

is a popular side dish made with grated cassava, a vegetable-based

3836: 3094: 3079: 2905: 2661: 2606: 2514: 1589: 1387: 1257: 1074: 783: 727: 339: 10581: 8317:(in French) (KARTHALA Editions, 2009 ed.). Paris: Méridiens. 7306:"2013 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor in Côte d'Ivoire" 6666:"Ivory Coast Constitutional Council confirms Ouattara re-election" 3469:

which occupies an area of around 17,000 hectares or 42,000 acres.

3426:(Atlantic Ocean) in the south. The country lies between latitudes 2722: 1423: 11048: 11043: 11018: 10973: 10953: 10943: 10860: 10855: 10850: 10830: 10810: 10795: 10785: 10750: 10675: 10640: 10620: 10615: 10610: 10605: 9853: 9832: 9801: 9759: 9631: 9601: 9586: 9571: 9561: 9551: 9516: 9511: 9461: 9430: 9405: 9380: 8911: 8754:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

7252: 5831:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

5307: 4244: 4050:. A few Ivorian artists who have known international success are 4043: 4039: 3876: 3403: 3367: 3254: 3205: 3200: 3192: 2997: 2895: 2870: 2631: 2478: 2354: 2297:

Since 2011, Ivory Coast has been administratively organised into

1870: 1772: 1467: 1229: 1209: 1106: 1082: 1069:—both meaning "Coast of Ivory"—lay between what was known as the 963: 867: 855: 307: 195: 9900: 6516:"ICC orders conditional release of ex-Ivory Coast leader Gbagbo" 3924:. According to 2010 estimates, Ivory Coast has the 27th-highest 3859:) represented 42.5% of the total population, while followers of 3688: 1540:

of new French West Africa governor Louis-Gustave Binger in 1892.

1024:

Ivory Coast is a republic with strong executive power vested in

11023: 11003: 10988: 10983: 10917: 10912: 10886: 10815: 10790: 10725: 10720: 10710: 10655: 9656: 9641: 9636: 9576: 9531: 9491: 9385: 9364: 8818: 8636:

Plée, Victorine François (1868). "Côte des Dents où d'Ivoire".

7650:"Des investisseurs libanais à Abidjan pour investir en Afrique" 6576:"Ivory Coast's ex-president Laurent Gbagbo released to Belgium" 6215: 4315: 4276: 4267: 4257: 4059: 3723: 3554: 3407: 3362: 3308: 2956: 2788: 2763: 2565: 2555: 2260: 1374:

in Bondoukou, who were recent arrivals from the market city of

1359: 1241: 970: 859: 466: 6425:"Ivory Coast strongman arrested after French forces intervene" 6108:"UN endorses plan to leave president in office beyond mandate" 5345: 5241: 5239: 5237: 5096:

United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports

4496:(Finnish), Бе́рег Слоно́вой Ко́сти (Russian), and Ivory Coast. 4394: 4230: 2560: 1314: 10907: 10805: 10800: 10735: 10715: 10700: 10625: 10303: 9827: 9616: 9566: 9521: 9506: 9486: 9476: 9450: 9390: 7968:"Country Comparison :: HIV/AIDS – Adult Prevalence Rate" 7585:

Youth Language Practices and Urban Language Contact in Africa

4788:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (CI)" 3856: 3852: 3419: 3236: 2829: 2819: 2712: 2687: 2626: 2179: 2070:, with an installation of 37.5 MW, backed by a 10-MW lithium 2051:

In December 2022, Ivory Coast's electric production company,

1427: 1379: 1375: 1193: 1184: 1110: 1102: 1090: 951: 891: 7019:. United Nations Environment Programme. 1983. Archived from 6486:"The war is over — but Ouattara's struggle has barely begun" 5158: 5156: 5154: 5152: 5150: 4406: 10845: 10770: 10745: 10670: 9626: 9536: 9425: 8295:

Le Voyageur de la jeunesse dans les quatre parties du monde

8121: 7248:"Ivory Coast reaps more rubber as farmers shift from cocoa" 6636:"Ivory Coast election: Alassane Ouattara wins amid boycott" 5290: 5288: 5234: 4516: 4383: 3411: 2256: 2237: 2183: 1877:, took advantage of the crisis to seize parts of the west. 1817:

and campaigned in the streets for a less wasteful society.

1284: 1167: 1098: 918:, and indigenous languages are also widely used, including 875: 850:

is located in the centre of the country, while its largest

8397:. United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. 8020:"Population, Health, and Human Well-Being-- Côte d'Ivoire" 7529:"Enquête Démographique et de Santé - Côte d'Ivoire - 2021" 7222:"Ivory Coast San Pedro Port Sees Cocoa Exports Stagnating" 5910:"Slave Emancipation and the Expansion of Islam, 1905–1914" 5275: 5273: 5271: 5269: 5256: 5254: 4593:

all use "Ivory Coast" either exclusively or predominantly.

3915:

at birth was 42 for males in 2004; for females it was 47.

2317:. In some instances, multiple villages are organised into 8257:

A History of the Global Economy. From 1500 to the Present

8053: 8051: 7041: 6549: 6239:"Thousands flee Ivory Coast for Liberia amid poll crisis" 5194: 5192: 5190: 5188: 5147: 5060: 5030: 4555: 4117:

in Germany 2006, in South Africa 2010, and Brazil in 2014

1908:

A peace accord between the government and the rebels, or

1253: 800: 11279:

Member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

8388: 7382:

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs

7100: 6457:"Ivory Coast's Laurent Gbagbo arrested – four months on" 5285: 1659:

remained in control until 1943, when members of General

9359: 8649:(in French), Abidjan: Nouvelles publishers africaines, 8609:

France and the Africans 1944–1960 – A Political History

7920:"Female genital mutilation and other harmful practices" 6753:"Ivory Coast election: Army says it has sealed borders" 5266: 5251: 5209: 5207: 5175: 5173: 5171: 4702: 2062:

launched a commission to establish the country's first

2001:

Shor, an international trader, was located in Virginia.

1370:, the Abron gradually extended their hegemony over the 8048: 7197:. Associated Press via NPR. 9 May 2011. Archived from 5357: 5224: 5222: 5185: 2118:

until November 2010 due to delays in its preparation.

1608:. It was a colony and an overseas territory under the 1486:

leaders, in present-day N'zi-Comoé Region, Ivory Coast

8771: 8528:

Lea, David; Rowe, Annamarie (2001). "Côte d'Ivoire".

8278:. Petit futé Country Guides (in French). Petit Futé. 5369: 5335: 5333: 4415: 4403: 4380: 4377: 4285:

is a common dish consisting of meat in peanut sauce.

3571:

List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor

3557:

farmers who earned a total of $ 105 million in 2012.

1200:

period (15,000 to 10,000 BC), or at the minimum, the

7946:"Country Comparison :: Maternal Mortality Rate" 7521:

Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire

7451:

Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire

7412:

Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire

7042:

Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; et al. (2017).

7035: 5204: 5168: 4745:

Institut National de la Statistique de Côte d'Ivoire

4400: 4391: 4386: 4329: 2266:

In 2012, the Ivory Coast Air Force consisted of one

2107:

which has 255 members, elected for five-year terms.

8673:

The Cambridge Economic History of the United States

8588: 7368: 7094: 6971:

Institut National de la Statistique, Côte d'Ivoire.

5219: 5089:"Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023 Côte d'Ivoire" 4397: 4147:, in which the Ivory Coast finished fifth, and the 3992:in 2023, down from 103rd in 2019. The share of the 3530:Ivory Coast has, for the region, a relatively high 1418:in 1482. The first West African French settlement, 8606: 8382:A cyclopedia of commerce and commercial navigation 8340: 8274:Auzias, Dominique; Labourdette, Jean-Paul (2008). 8218:Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis, eds. (2010). 8057: 7581:"Exploring Hybridity in Ivorian French and Nouchi" 7195:"Ivory Coast Makes 1st Cocoa Export Since January" 6844: 6606:"Ivory Coast's Ouattara re-elected by a landslide" 5330: 4979:Journal Officiel de la République de Côte d'Ivoire 3518:A proportional representation of Ivory Coast, 2019 2274:transports (marked as potentially unserviceable). 2259:tanks (marked as potentially unserviceable), five 1751: 1581:, who in the 1880s and 1890s was establishing the 1482:of French West Africa in 1892 treaty signing with 1223: 10320:Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention 8772:Official website of the Government of Ivory Coast 8273: 8185:"Ivory Coast, Côte d'Ivoire: Recipes and Cuisine" 7101:Grantham, H. S.; Duncan, A.; et al. (2020). 6927:. United Nations Treaty Collection. 7 July 2017. 6423:Lynch, Colum; Branigin, William (11 April 2011). 6382:Case No. 5:10-cr-00434-RMW-1, (18 December 2015). 5351: 4946:PORTAIL OFFICIEL DU GOUVERNEMENT DE COTE D'IVOIRE 4936: 4934: 4698: 4696: 3472:The country contains six terrestrial ecoregions: 3465:has nine national parks, the largest of which is 11235: 7849: 7847: 7845: 6727:"Ivory Coast postpones presidential runoff vote" 3744:Demographics of Ivory Coast § Ethnic groups 3394:Köppen climate classification map of Ivory Coast 1697:President Félix Houphouët-Boigny and First Lady 10361:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 8695:Géographie historique, ecclesiastique et civile 8384:. Vol. 1. New York: Harper & brothers. 7855:"WHO Country Offices in the WHO African Region" 7445: 7443: 5065:"World Economic Outlook database: October 2023" 5035:"World Economic Outlook database: October 2023" 4453:Géographie historique, ecclésiastique et civile 3796:, and the Southern Mande category includes the 3549:The country is the world's largest exporter of 2301:plus two district-level autonomous cities. The 2129:as president ran against former Prime Minister 1912:, was signed on 4 March 2007, and subsequently 1667:of 1944, the first Constituent Assembly of the 1405: 1081:, also known as the "Grain Coast" (present-day 493:322,462 km (124,503 sq mi) ( 10583:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie 6233: 6231: 6229: 4931: 4693: 1833:presidential election was held in October 2000 11259:Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative 11090:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique 10567: 9916: 9345: 8876: 8428:International Institute for Strategic Studies 8297:(in French) (5th ed.). Paris: Le Prieur. 7842: 6422: 4739: 4737: 4735: 4499: 4166:at the 1984 Olympics. The country hosted the 3988:results. Ivory Coast was ranked 112th in the 3748:Macroethnic groupings in the country include 3609: 3139: 1309: 10356:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights 9731:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha 8076:. World Intellectual Property Organization. 7710:"Ivory Coast – The Levantine Community" 7440: 6724: 4985:(30): 529–538. 3 August 2000. Archived from 4677:Directorate of Intelligence. 30 March 2022. 3722:. A semi-creolized form of French, known as 3542:. The country is the largest economy in the 2279:treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons 2020:, hundreds of people were killed. In nearby 1561:and adopted the local forced-labour system. 1179:in northern Ivory Coast, photo taken at the 985:of France in 1843 and was consolidated as a 950:population, including numerous followers of 124: 101: 46: 11131:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie 8675:. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. 8647:L'Encyclopédie générale de la Côte d'Ivoire 8593:(in French), Abidjan: Dialogue Production, 8332:Duckett, William (1853). "Côte Des Dents". 8302:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Ivory Coast". 8217: 7922:. World Health Organization. Archived from 7857:. World Health Organization. Archived from 6226: 6183:"New Ivory Coast govt 'a boost for Gbagbo'" 6071: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4459:("The Coast of the Teeth"), but notes that 3780:, the Northern Mande category includes the 3768:(10%), and others (2.8%, including 100,000 3159:According to the 2014 Census in Ivory Coast 2284: 2232:In 2015, the United Nations engineered the 993:. It achieved independence in 1960, led by 11294:States and territories established in 1960 11085:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie 10574: 10560: 10164:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights 9923: 9909: 9352: 9338: 8883: 8869: 8701: 8073:Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition 5294: 4732: 4515:and the international sport organizations 4135:. The women's football team played in the 3146: 3132: 2084: 2035: 2012:The 2010 presidential election led to the 942:. In total, there are around 78 different 142: 11264:French-speaking countries and territories 11254:Economic Community of West African States 8706:(in French). Vol. 8. Paris: Lefèvre. 8292: 7808:. State.gov. Retrieved on 17 August 2012. 7769: 7282:. Ustr.gov. 29 March 2009. Archived from 7169:"Côte d'Ivoire: Financial Sector Profile" 7144: 7126: 7077: 7059: 6483: 6341:"FBI nabbed colonel on official business" 6275:(ECOWAS). 7 December 2010. Archived from 6273:Economic Community of West African States 6206: 6204: 6021: 6019: 5395:. CAF-Confederation of African Football. 5260: 4627:Institut National de la Statistique (INS) 4115:has played in the World Cup three times, 3976: 2220:South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone 2216:Economic Community of West African States 2192:Economic Community of West African States 1991:Economic Community of West African States 1889:against the French broke out in Abidjan. 1630:which resisted French rule in West Africa 8890: 8808:) is being considered for deletion. See 8689: 8670: 8644: 8604: 8565: 8301: 6059: 5984: 5915:. 2 May 2013. p. 11. Archived from 5618: 5507:. nationalgeographic.com. 25 June 2008. 5279: 5245: 5162: 4888:Cambridge Dictionary: English Dictionary 4773: 4229: 4095: 3941: 3830: 3734:widely spoken in neighboring countries. 3687: 3544:West African Economic and Monetary Union 3521: 3513: 3389: 2288: 2188:African and Malagasy Common Organization 2161: 2148:has ruled the country since April 2022. 2003: 1998:U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement 1855: 1692: 1618: 1563: 1531: 1474: 1313: 1166: 854:and economic centre is the port city of 842:, is a country on the southern coast of 11095:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie 8527: 8331: 8179: 8177: 8175: 8173: 7742: 7219: 6950:Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes 6391: 5363: 5198: 4548: 2313:; and the departments are divided into 1786: 14: 11236: 8739:from the original on 27 September 2021 8710: 8546: 8460: 8380:Homans, Isaac Smith (1858). "Africa". 8379: 7578: 6201: 6128: 6083: 6016: 5972: 5955: 5951: 5949: 5896: 5879: 5875: 5873: 5844: 5808: 5779: 5775: 5773: 5771: 5769: 5740: 5725: 5721: 5692: 5661: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5375: 5213: 5179: 5083: 5081: 4814: 4587:South African Broadcasting Corporation 4442: 4143:. In the past, the country hosted the 3776:, the Voltaique category includes the 3155:Largest cities or towns in Ivory Coast 3073: 3039: 2986: 2935: 2869: 2818: 2752: 2686: 2605: 2554: 2503: 2490: 2452: 2386: 2352: 1527: 1449:signed treaties with the kings of the 1116:Other names for the area included the 10555: 10313:Specialised agencies and institutions 9904: 9333: 9320: 8864: 8702:Walckenaer, Charles-Athanase (1827). 8508: 8312: 8254: 8128:from the original on 2 September 2021 7757:from the original on 4 September 2009 7326: 7009: 6859:from the original on 10 January 2022. 6646:from the original on 15 February 2024 6376:Order on appeal from summary judgment 6249:from the original on 26 December 2010 5968: 5966: 5964: 5947: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5939: 5937: 5935: 5933: 5931: 5929: 5892: 5890: 5888: 5871: 5869: 5867: 5865: 5863: 5861: 5859: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5806: 5804: 5802: 5800: 5798: 5796: 5794: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5767: 5765: 5763: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5755: 5753: 5751: 5749: 5736: 5734: 5719: 5717: 5715: 5713: 5711: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5701: 5688: 5686: 5684: 5682: 5673: 5645: 5643: 5641: 5639: 5637: 5635: 5633: 5631: 5629: 5627: 5591: 5339: 5041:from the original on 19 February 2024 4828:from the original on 25 December 2018 4720:from the original on 20 February 2024 4661: 4659: 4657: 4655: 4653: 4651: 4614: 4612: 4610: 4478: 4426: 4348:Index of Ivory Coast–related articles 3983:Science and technology in Ivory Coast 3460:List of national parks of Ivory Coast 3060: 2973: 2922: 2856: 2805: 2739: 2673: 2592: 2541: 2439: 2373: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2099:, consists of the indirectly elected 1511:of the Establishment of Ivory Coast. 1077:, and Lower Guinea. There was also a 10062:Permanent Representatives' Committee 9321: 8635: 8516:(in French), Abidjan: Editions AMI, 8426: 8242:from the original on 11 January 2023 8170: 8098:from the original on 22 October 2023 8069: 7897:from the original on 12 January 2012 7888:United Nations Development Programme 7830:from the original on 10 October 2023 7817: 7787:from the original on 29 January 2018 7745:"Rwanda Syndrome on the Ivory Coast" 7228:from the original on 2 December 2013 6911: 6899: 6763:from the original on 3 December 2010 6733:from the original on 8 November 2012 6556:from the original on 15 January 2019 6323:Immigration and Customs Enforcement 6153:"Partial rejection of UN peace plan" 6004:from the original on 31 January 2021 5573:from the original on 9 November 2013 5318:from the original on 4 December 2013 5300: 5228: 4855:United Nations Development Programme 4848:"Human Development Report 2021/2022" 4802:from the original on 3 December 2023 4466: 4204:with well-known competitors such as 4149:1985 African Basketball Championship 4141:2013 African Basketball Championship 3398:Ivory Coast is a country in western 2329: 2151: 1052:cash-crop production predominating. 1005:. Its stability was diminished by a 11284:Member states of the United Nations 10471:Single African Air Transport Market 10466:African Continental Free Trade Area 8414:from the original on 9 October 2022 8344:UNESCO Science Report: towards 2030 7743:Gregson, Brent (30 November 2004). 7601:from the original on 31 August 2021 7541:from the original on 9 October 2022 6484:Griffiths, Thalia (11 April 2011). 6353:from the original on 25 August 2013 5421:. International Olympic Committee. 5078: 4964: 4864:from the original on 9 October 2022 4681:from the original on 9 January 2021 4636:from the original on 14 August 2023 4310:, which is unique to the region. A 2277:In 2017, Ivory Coast signed the UN 2204:Organisation of Islamic Cooperation 1926:Ivorian presidential election, 2010 1919: 1267:. Islam had been introduced in the 24: 11304:1960 establishments in Ivory Coast 11274:Member states of the African Union 8715:. In Handloff, Robert Earl (ed.). 8060:, pp. 498–533, "West Africa". 7690:from the original on 4 August 2020 7630:from the original on 26 March 2023 7467:from the original on 26 March 2023 7220:Monnier, Olivier (27 March 2013). 6931:from the original on 6 August 2019 6616:from the original on 17 April 2021 6496:from the original on 11 March 2017 6437:from the original on 13 April 2011 6398:Ivory Coast: Elections Turn to War 6325:. 30 November 2012. Archived from 6000:. University of Central Arkansas. 5961: 5926: 5885: 5850: 5785: 5746: 5731: 5698: 5679: 5624: 5541:from the original on 15 April 2010 5105:from the original on 16 April 2024 5011:from the original on 26 March 2023 4840: 4708:"2023 World Population Data Sheet" 4648: 4607: 4178:, well known participants include 4102:Ivory Coast national football team 3965:examination. Universities include 3604: 2053:Compagnie ivoirienne d'électricité 1820: 25: 11320: 9930: 8812:to help reach a consensus. › 8763: 8367:from the original on 30 June 2017 8154:. 28 October 2013. Archived from 8000:from the original on 1 April 2023 7907:Table 3: Human and income poverty 7724:from the original on 29 June 2011 7660:from the original on 27 June 2018 7501:from the original on 23 June 2011 7428:from the original on 7 April 2023 7392:from the original on 11 July 2022 7386:"World Population Prospects 2022" 7310:United States Department of Labor 6997:from the original on 9 April 2023 6825:from the original on 28 July 2022 6795:from the original on 8 March 2021 6725:Agnero, Eric (10 November 2010). 6676:from the original on 9 March 2021 6586:from the original on 4 March 2019 6526:from the original on 6 March 2019 6300:. 9 December 2010. Archived from 6114:. 14 October 2005. Archived from 5511:from the original on 8 March 2021 5485:from the original on 18 June 2010 5425:from the original on 18 July 2017 5399:from the original on 25 July 2017 4952:from the original on 5 March 2023 4919:from the original on 23 July 2015 4761:from the original on 4 April 2023 4591:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 4119:, and has won three times in the 4030:are common, especially among the 3967:Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny 3887:(animism). In 2009, according to 3692:Congestion at a market in Abidjan 3110: 3048:District Autonome du Yamoussoukro 1162: 11180: 11179: 10681:Democratic Republic of the Congo 10536: 10535: 10386:African Union–Ethiopia relations 10067:Specialized Technical Committees 9882: 9871: 9870: 9678:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic 9655: 9436:Democratic Republic of the Congo 8965: 8833: 8829:Wikimedia Atlas of Côte d'Ivoire 8823: 8749: 8530:A Political Chronology of Africa 8497:from the original on 18 May 2024 8195:from the original on 9 July 2023 8140: 8110: 8063: 8058:Essegbey, Diaby & Konté 2015 8012: 7982: 7960: 7938: 7912: 7873: 7811: 7799: 7736: 7702: 7672: 7642: 7612: 7572: 7553: 7513: 7479: 7404: 7374: 7362: 7332: 7320: 7298: 7272: 7260:from the original on 9 July 2023 7240: 7213: 7187: 7161: 6706:from the original on 18 May 2024 6404:from the original on 9 July 2011 6392:DiCampo, Peter (27 April 2011). 6163:from the original on 15 May 2011 6084:Fenton, Tim (15 November 2004). 6041:from the original on 11 May 2011 6027:"Ivory Coast – The Economy" 5998:"French Ivory Coast (1946-1960)" 5826: 5814:"Background Note: Cote d'Ivoire" 4373: 4332: 3875:, while 2.2% reported following 3788:, the Kru category includes the 3737: 3498:Forest Landscape Integrity Index 3186: 2931:District de la Vallée du Bandama 2158:Foreign relations of Ivory Coast 1944: 1937: 1592:in 1900 to support the colony's 810:Including approximately 130,000 700: 699: 674: 652: 651: 633: 632: 600: 599: 581: 580: 548:91.1/km (235.9/sq mi) ( 534:• December 2021 census 81: 67: 8308:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 8210: 7990:"Literacy - The World Factbook" 7487:"Ivory Coast – Population" 6983: 6974: 6955: 6943: 6917: 6905: 6893: 6871:"Sustainable Development Goals" 6863: 6837: 6807: 6775: 6745: 6718: 6688: 6658: 6628: 6598: 6568: 6538: 6508: 6477: 6449: 6416: 6385: 6365: 6333: 6311: 6283: 6261: 6193:. 12 April 2007. Archived from 6175: 6145: 6122: 6100: 6077: 6065: 6053: 5990: 5978: 5902: 5838: 5667: 5612: 5585: 5553: 5523: 5497: 5467: 5437: 5411: 5381: 5135:from the original on 4 May 2020 5117: 5059: 5053: 5029: 5023: 4997: 4365: 3584: 3482:Western Guinean lowland forests 3445: 2309:; the regions are divided into 1899:United Nations Security Council 1752:Houphouët-Boigny administration 1688: 1224:Pre-Islamic and Islamic periods 944:languages spoken in Ivory Coast 11121:International Francophonie Day 8856:Ivory Coast 2012 Trade Summary 8717:Cote d'Ivoire: a country study 8551:. Cambridge University Press. 8259:. Cambridge University Press. 8118:"Global Innovation Index 2019" 6991:"COTE D' IVOIRE (IVORY COAST)" 6129:Bavier, Joe (18 August 2006). 5820:. October 2003. Archived from 5531:"Country profile: Ivory Coast" 5479:Britannica Online Encyclopedia 4901: 4876: 3698:Demographic and Health Surveys 2814:District du Sassandra-Marahoué 1699:Marie-Thérèse Houphouët-Boigny 1212:), Kotrowou (Fresco), Zéhiri ( 1073:, so-called "Upper Guinea" at 675: 103:'Union – Discipline – Travail' 13: 1: 10518:United States of Latin Africa 10212:Rural Economy and Agriculture 9989:Organisation of African Unity 8797: 8640:(in French). Paris: Pigoreau. 8613:. London: Faber & Faber. 7455:"RGPH 2014 Résultats globaux" 6875:sustainabledevelopment.un.org 5352:Auzias & Labourdette 2008 5125:"Ivory Coast country profile" 4749:"RGPH 2021 Résultats globaux" 4601: 4484:Literal translations include 3896:Basilica of Our Lady of Peace 3881:traditional African religions 3486:Guinean forest–savanna mosaic 3117:List of cities in Ivory Coast 2234:Sustainable Development Goals 2072:battery energy storage system 1447:Louis Édouard Bouët-Willaumez 1065:and the Portuguese named the 10375:United States military bases 10371:United States Africa Command 8591:La Côte d'Ivoire en chiffres 8514:Histoire de la Côte d'Ivoire 7890:. January 2008. p. 35. 7818:Mark, Monica (15 May 2015). 6963:"Districts of Côte d'Ivoire" 4279:, which is similar to tuna. 4162:won the silver medal in the 3971:Université Alassane Ouattara 3931: 3707: 3379: 2270:attack helicopter and three 2172:International Criminal Court 2030:International Criminal Court 1964: 1952: 1652:, a separate system of law. 1626:, founder and leader of the 1490:The defeat of France in the 1406:Establishment of French rule 1055: 451:• Republic established 32:Ivory Coast (disambiguation) 7: 10877:French Community of Belgium 10202:HR, Sciences and Technology 8838:Geographic data related to 8792:Central Intelligence Agency 8572:University of Chicago Press 8568:Making War in Côte d'Ivoire 7881:"Human Development Indices" 7171:. MFW4A.org. Archived from 4948:(in French). 13 July 2022. 4796:International Monetary Fund 4704:Population Reference Bureau 4629:(in French). October 2022. 4542:National Geographic Society 4507:Central Intelligence Agency 4325: 4145:1984 African Cup of Nations 4092:Ivory Coast at the Olympics 3827:Christianity in Ivory Coast 3812: 3591:Demographics of Ivory Coast 3103: 3088: 3052: 3031: 3016: 3001: 2965: 2950: 2914: 2899: 2884: 2848: 2833: 2797: 2782: 2767: 2731: 2716: 2701: 2665: 2650: 2635: 2620: 2584: 2569: 2533: 2518: 2482: 2467: 2431: 2416: 2401: 2365: 2361:District Autonome d'Abidjan 2244: 1943: 1936: 1680:to refrain from developing 1434:was established in 1687 at 1232:) traders, who, from early 1181:IFAN Museum of African Arts 1171:Prehistoric polished stone 914:. Its official language is 908:third-most populous country 115:'Unity – Discipline – Work' 48:République de Côte d'Ivoire 10: 11325: 10456:African Economic Community 10261:Peace and Security Council 9968:African and Malagasy Union 8645:Rougerie, Gabriel (1978), 8473:Greenwood Publishing Group 8293:Blanchard, Pierre (1818). 7128:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3 6346:United Press International 4909:"Cote d'Ivoire definition" 4223: 4219: 4107:The most popular sport is 4089: 4007: 4003: 3980: 3935: 3905: 3816: 3741: 3711: 3588: 3526:GDP per capita development 3507: 3503: 3456:Environment of Ivory Coast 3449: 3383: 3185: 3124: 3114: 2248: 2155: 2110:Since 1983, Ivory Coast's 2088: 2042:2015 presidential election 2028:. Gbagbo was taken to the 1923: 1824: 1310:Pre-European modern period 1155: 1151: 29: 11175: 11154: 11103: 11077: 11057: 10931: 10895: 10870:National/regional members 10869: 10598: 10589: 10531: 10500: 10479: 10431: 10394: 10381:United States ambassadors 10341: 10332: 10312: 10259: 10233: 10197:Social Affairs and Health 10192:Infrastructure and Energy 10172: 10154: 10126: 10093: 10075: 10052: 10043: 10010: 9938: 9866: 9846: 9815: 9794: 9773: 9752: 9741: 9725: 9709: 9696: 9664: 9653: 9371: 9361:Countries and territories 9327: 9283: 9184: 9175: 9120: 9111: 9059: 9050: 8983: 8974: 8963: 8902: 8721:Federal Research Division 8605:Mortimer, Edward (1969). 8250:– via Google Books. 8148:"Global Innovation Index" 8106:– via www.wipo.int. 8070:WIPO (16 December 2023). 7974:. CIA.gov. Archived from 7952:. CIA.gov. Archived from 5561:"Guardian Style Guide: I" 5389:"CAF Member Associations" 4463:is the more correct form. 4196:qualified to play at the 4194:national rugby union team 3994:National Development Plan 3922:female genital mutilation 3901: 3681: 3622:— 3057: 3036: 2970: 2919: 2853: 2802: 2736: 2670: 2589: 2538: 2487: 2436: 2382:District du Bas-Sassandra 2370: 2349: 2303:districts are sub-divided 2097:Parliament of Ivory Coast 1860:Armed Ivorians next to a 1655:During World War II, the 1637:incorporated concepts of 1588:France's imposition of a 1438:near the border with the 1009:and two civil wars—first 840:Republic of Côte d'Ivoire 825: 806: 794: 782: 770: 760: 752: 734: 719: 689: 664: 645: 626: 612: 593: 574: 556: 542: 532: 520:• July 2023 estimate 518: 511: 501: 487: 480: 476: 459: 449: 445: 438: 423: 408: 403:Parliament of Ivory Coast 398: 394: 379: 364: 349: 345: 327: 306: 261: 211: 201: 191: 150: 141: 133: 119: 102: 97: 63: 43:Republic of Côte d'Ivoire 41: 10666:Central African Republic 10156:African Court of Justice 9953:Decolonisation of Africa 9421:Central African Republic 8810:templates for discussion 8547:Lipski, John M. (2005). 8461:Jessup, John E. (1998), 8313:David, Philippe (2000). 7781:Global Religious Futures 7680:"From Lebanon to Africa" 7369:Ministry of Economy 2007 7344:www.tradingeconomics.com 7017:"Parc national d'Azagny" 6086:"France's 'Little Iraq'" 5818:U.S. Department of State 5594:Journal des Africanistes 4358: 4265:. Common street food is 4153:national basketball team 4085: 3938:Education in Ivory Coast 3889:U.S. Department of State 3714:Languages of Ivory Coast 3567:U.S. Department of Labor 3540:multidimensional poverty 3386:Geography of Ivory Coast 2293:Districts of Ivory Coast 2285:Administrative divisions 2014:2010–2011 Ivorian crisis 1930:Second Ivorian Civil War 1777:institutional corruption 1762:Front Populaire Ivoirien 1507:, who in 1878 was named 1304:subsisted on agriculture 1046:multidimensional poverty 291:0.3% Naturalized Ivorian 11126:Jeux de la Francophonie 10523:East African Federation 10513:United States of Africa 10251:African Investment Bank 8711:Warner, Rachel (1988). 8566:McGovern, Mike (2011). 8305:Encyclopædia Britannica 8226:Oxford University Press 7783:. Pew Research Center. 7565:23 October 2012 at the 7384:, Population Division. 6072:Appiah & Gates 2010 4536:Encyclopædia Britannica 4172:Jeux de la Francophonie 4123:, most recently in the 3990:Global Innovation Index 3819:Religion in Ivory Coast 3752:(42.1%), Voltaiques or 3700:nationwide survey, the 3478:Guinean montane forests 3474:Eastern Guinean forests 3452:Wildlife of Ivory Coast 2550:District du Gôh-Djiboua 2251:Military of Ivory Coast 2121:Elections were finally 2091:Politics of Ivory Coast 2085:Government and politics 2036:Ouattara administration 1886:one of these airstrikes 1827:First Ivorian Civil War 1330:was established by the 809: 585:$ 202.647 billion ( 202:Official languages 11299:West African countries 11116:UN French Language Day 10949:Bosnia and Herzegovina 10234:Financial institutions 10225:Cross-Cutting Programs 10128:Pan-African Parliament 8951:2010–11 Ivorian crisis 8221:Encyclopedia of Africa 8029:. 2003. Archived from 6212:"Water And Sanitation" 5606:10.3406/jafr.1995.2432 4353:Outline of Ivory Coast 4240: 4137:2015 Women's World Cup 4113:national football team 4104: 4082:, of Ivorian descent. 4010:Culture of Ivory Coast 3977:Science and technology 3954: 3848: 3693: 3527: 3519: 3510:Economy of Ivory Coast 3395: 2748:District des Montagnes 2294: 2175: 2170:was extradited to the 2009: 1983:Constitutional Council 1865: 1807:staged a military coup 1721:Félix Houphouët-Boigny 1717: 1682:anti-French sentiments 1665:Brazzaville Conference 1635:French colonial policy 1631: 1573: 1541: 1487: 1394:kingdoms, Indénié and 1319: 1188: 1158:History of Ivory Coast 995:Félix Houphouët-Boigny 846:. Its capital city of 724:West African CFA franc 637:$ 79.430 billion ( 125: 47: 27:Country in West Africa 10826:São Tomé and Príncipe 10686:Republic of the Congo 10274:African Standby Force 10246:African Monetary Fund 9582:São Tomé and Príncipe 9441:Republic of the Congo 8691:Vaissète, Jean Joseph 8432:Military Balance 2012 7624:Minority Rights Group 7107:Nature Communications 7061:10.1093/biosci/bix014 6952:(GENC) second edition 6394:"An Uncertain Future" 6372:United States v. Shor 6349:. 21 September 2010. 5312:World Digital Library 4233: 4155:won the gold medal. 4121:Africa Cup of Nations 4099: 3945: 3908:Health in Ivory Coast 3834: 3817:Further information: 3712:Further information: 3691: 3596:Historical population 3525: 3517: 3490:West Sudanian savanna 3422:in the east, and the 3393: 2292: 2249:Further information: 2165: 2156:Further information: 2142:Pascal Affi N'Guessan 2007: 1862:French Foreign Legion 1859: 1798:to exclude his rival 1696: 1622: 1567: 1535: 1522:Marcel Treich-Laplène 1478: 1318:Pre-European kingdoms 1317: 1170: 1011:between 2002 and 2007 503:• Water (%) 10923:United Arab Emirates 10241:African Central Bank 8719:. Washington, D.C.: 8713:"Historical Setting" 8255:Baten, Jörg (2016). 7978:on 21 December 2014. 7316:on 27 February 2015. 7256:. 13 February 2013. 6329:on 27 February 2018. 6245:. 26 December 2010. 6191:Agence France-Presse 6118:on 19 February 2007. 5824:on 29 February 2004. 5569:. 19 December 2008. 5537:. 24 February 2010. 5131:. 18 November 2020. 4857:. 8 September 2022. 4523:(referring to their 4455:, lists the name as 4271:, plantain fried in 4192:is popular, and the 4109:association football 4018:Media of Ivory Coast 4014:Music of Ivory Coast 3952:Université de Cocody 3823:Islam in Ivory Coast 3809:period are present. 3762:Kru-speaking peoples 3702:total fertility rate 3536:landlocked countries 3467:Assgny National Park 2865:District des Savanes 2682:District des Lagunes 2499:District du Denguélé 1966:Daniel Kablan Duncan 1897:and endorsed by the 1787:Bédié administration 1517:Louis-Gustave Binger 1480:Louis-Gustave Binger 1030:production of coffee 981:. The area became a 946:. The country has a 374:Tiémoko Meyliet Koné 282:22.0% Voltaiques/Gur 279:22.0% Northern Mande 18:Sport in Ivory Coast 11309:Countries in Africa 11216: / 11162:Francophone economy 9838:Plazas de soberanía 9742:African territories 9682:unclear sovereignty 9667:States with limited 8725:Library of Congress 8158:on 2 September 2021 8082:10.34667/tind.46596 7718:Library of Congress 7686:. 28 October 2015. 7656:. 1 February 2018. 7534:. p. 10 (21). 7495:Library of Congress 7371:, pp. 176–180. 7350:on 18 February 2017 7119:2020NatCo..11.5978G 6855:. 28 January 2016. 6852:The Daily Telegraph 6791:. 3 November 2020. 6759:. 3 December 2010. 6642:. 3 November 2020. 6552:. 15 January 2019. 6522:. 1 February 2019. 6400:. Pulitzer Center. 6307:on 6 February 2011. 6197:on 26 October 2007. 6159:. 2 November 2006. 6035:Library of Congress 5364:Lea & Rowe 2001 5007:. 2 November 2016. 4798:. 10 October 2023. 4428:[kotdivwaʁ] 3969:in Abidjan and the 3597: 2315:510 sub-prefectures 2081:from his position. 1903:Charles Konan Banny 1528:French colonial era 1492:Franco-Prussian War 1324:early modern period 1246:trans-Saharan trade 1071:Guiné de Cabo Verde 1007:coup d'état in 1999 991:Scramble for Africa 948:religiously diverse 838:and officially the 389:Robert Beugré Mambé 288:8.6% Southern Mande 172: / 11167:Senghor University 10964:Dominican Republic 10492:African Border Day 10207:Trade and Industry 10182:Peace and Security 10174:ECOSOCC Committees 10108:Deputy Chairperson 9746:non-African states 9153:Telecommunications 8932:1999–present 8922:French West Africa 8787:The World Factbook 7972:The World Factbook 7950:The World Factbook 7926:on 12 October 2014 7750:World Press Review 7620:"Manding (Dioula)" 7286:on 3 December 2013 7201:on 3 December 2013 7175:on 22 October 2010 7023:on 1 November 2010 6187:Independent Online 6096:on 8 October 2013. 5505:"Places Directory" 5481:. Britannica.com. 5248:, p. 185–186. 4671:The World Factbook 4582:The New York Times 4241: 4180:Marie-Josée Ta Lou 4176:sport of athletics 4158:400m metre runner 4105: 3959:The World Factbook 3955: 3926:maternal mortality 3849: 3694: 3595: 3528: 3520: 3400:sub-Saharan Africa 3396: 3242:Sassandra-Marahoué 3069:District du Zanzan 2982:District du Woroba 2808:Sassandra-Marahoué 2295: 2176: 2146:Achi II government 2010: 1866: 1864:armoured car, 2004 1809:, putting General 1783:as his successor. 1718: 1714:Jacqueline Kennedy 1632: 1606:French West Africa 1574: 1570:French West Africa 1542: 1488: 1320: 1189: 1019:a new constitution 960:traditional faiths 622:2023 estimate 570:2023 estimate 263:Ethnic groups 11199: 11198: 11193: 11192: 11073: 11072: 11058:Suspended members 10896:Associate members 10706:Equatorial Guinea 10549: 10548: 10427: 10426: 10351:Foreign relations 10328: 10327: 10279:Panel of the Wise 10187:Political Affairs 10057:Executive Council 10000:Secretary General 9978:Sirte Declaration 9898: 9897: 9862: 9861: 9737: 9736: 9457:Equatorial Guinea 9314: 9313: 9279: 9278: 9199:Human trafficking 9171: 9170: 9107: 9106: 9084:Political parties 9074:Foreign relations 9046: 9045: 8656:978-2-7236-0542-7 8482:978-0-313-28112-9 8445:978-0-429-33356-9 8404:978-92-1-126442-5 8357:978-92-3-100129-1 8350:. Paris: UNESCO. 7956:on 18 April 2015. 7714:Countrystudies.us 7594:978-1-107-17120-6 7525:ICF International 7491:countrystudies.us 6141:on 12 March 2007. 6031:countrystudies.us 5308:"The Ivory Coast" 4992:on 25 March 2009. 4525:national football 4494:Norsunluurannikko 4457:La Côte des Dents 3841:Our Lady of Peace 3732:Manding languages 3686: 3685: 3563:indentured labour 3532:income per capita 3494:Guinean mangroves 3434:, and longitudes 3376: 3375: 3224:Vallée du Bandama 3108: 3107: 2925:Vallée du Bandama 2601:District des Lacs 2448:District du Comoé 2336:District capital 2206:, African Union, 2166:Former President 2152:Foreign relations 2131:Alassane Ouattara 2105:National Assembly 1978: 1977: 1974: 1973:from 2012 to 2017 1962: 1954:Alassane Ouattara 1800:Alassane Ouattara 1781:Henri Konan Bédié 1661:Charles de Gaulle 1265:Islamic education 1240:trade across the 1216:), Ega and Diès ( 1198:Upper Paleolithic 1141:Cape Three Points 1003:especially France 989:in 1893 amid the 829: 828: 683:medium inequality 647:• Per capita 595:• Per capita 433:National Assembly 359:Alassane Ouattara 134:"Song of Abidjan" 16:(Redirected from 11316: 11231: 11230: 11228: 11227: 11226: 11221: 11217: 11214: 11213: 11212: 11209: 11183: 11182: 10596: 10595: 10576: 10569: 10562: 10553: 10552: 10539: 10538: 10451:Development Bank 10339: 10338: 10221:Women and Gender 10217:Economic Affairs 10146:Gallagher Estate 10050: 10049: 9958:Casablanca Group 9925: 9918: 9911: 9902: 9901: 9886: 9874: 9873: 9750: 9749: 9707: 9706: 9659: 9453:(partly in Asia) 9373:Sovereign states 9354: 9347: 9340: 9331: 9330: 9322:Related articles 9318: 9317: 9299: 9292: 9182: 9181: 9143: 9118: 9117: 9057: 9056: 8981: 8980: 8969: 8947:Second Civil War 8937:1999 coup d'état 8885: 8878: 8871: 8862: 8861: 8837: 8836: 8827: 8826: 8778: 8775: 8774: 8753: 8752: 8748: 8746: 8744: 8707: 8698: 8686: 8667: 8641: 8632: 8612: 8601: 8585: 8562: 8543: 8524: 8505: 8504: 8502: 8457: 8423: 8421: 8419: 8413: 8396: 8385: 8376: 8374: 8372: 8366: 8349: 8337: 8328: 8315:La Côte d'Ivoire 8309: 8298: 8289: 8270: 8251: 8249: 8247: 8205: 8204: 8202: 8200: 8191:. 3 April 2008. 8181: 8168: 8167: 8165: 8163: 8152:INSEAD Knowledge 8144: 8138: 8137: 8135: 8133: 8114: 8108: 8107: 8105: 8103: 8067: 8061: 8055: 8046: 8045: 8043: 8041: 8035: 8024: 8016: 8010: 8009: 8007: 8005: 7986: 7980: 7979: 7964: 7958: 7957: 7942: 7936: 7935: 7933: 7931: 7916: 7910: 7909: 7904: 7902: 7896: 7885: 7877: 7871: 7870: 7868: 7866: 7851: 7840: 7839: 7837: 7835: 7815: 7809: 7803: 7797: 7796: 7794: 7792: 7773: 7767: 7766: 7764: 7762: 7740: 7734: 7733: 7731: 7729: 7706: 7700: 7699: 7697: 7695: 7676: 7670: 7669: 7667: 7665: 7646: 7640: 7639: 7637: 7635: 7626:. 19 June 2015. 7616: 7610: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7576: 7570: 7557: 7551: 7550: 7548: 7546: 7540: 7533: 7517: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7506: 7483: 7477: 7476: 7474: 7472: 7466: 7459: 7447: 7438: 7437: 7435: 7433: 7427: 7420: 7408: 7402: 7401: 7399: 7397: 7378: 7372: 7366: 7360: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7346:. Archived from 7336: 7330: 7324: 7318: 7317: 7312:. Archived from 7302: 7296: 7295: 7293: 7291: 7276: 7270: 7269: 7267: 7265: 7244: 7238: 7237: 7235: 7233: 7217: 7211: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7191: 7185: 7184: 7182: 7180: 7165: 7159: 7158: 7148: 7130: 7098: 7092: 7091: 7081: 7063: 7039: 7033: 7032: 7030: 7028: 7013: 7007: 7006: 7004: 7002: 6987: 6981: 6978: 6972: 6970: 6959: 6953: 6947: 6941: 6940: 6938: 6936: 6921: 6915: 6909: 6903: 6897: 6891: 6890: 6888: 6886: 6877:. Archived from 6867: 6861: 6860: 6848: 6841: 6835: 6834: 6832: 6830: 6819:JeuneAfrique.com 6811: 6805: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6779: 6773: 6772: 6770: 6768: 6749: 6743: 6742: 6740: 6738: 6722: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6711: 6692: 6686: 6685: 6683: 6681: 6662: 6656: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6632: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6621: 6602: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6572: 6566: 6565: 6563: 6561: 6542: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6531: 6512: 6506: 6505: 6503: 6501: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6470: 6453: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6442: 6420: 6414: 6413: 6411: 6409: 6389: 6383: 6369: 6363: 6362: 6360: 6358: 6337: 6331: 6330: 6315: 6309: 6308: 6306: 6295: 6287: 6281: 6280: 6265: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6254: 6235: 6224: 6223: 6218:. Archived from 6208: 6199: 6198: 6179: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6137:. Archived from 6126: 6120: 6119: 6104: 6098: 6097: 6092:. Archived from 6081: 6075: 6069: 6063: 6057: 6051: 6050: 6048: 6046: 6023: 6014: 6013: 6011: 6009: 5994: 5988: 5982: 5976: 5970: 5959: 5953: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5914: 5906: 5900: 5894: 5883: 5877: 5848: 5842: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5810: 5783: 5777: 5744: 5738: 5729: 5723: 5696: 5690: 5677: 5676:, pp. 15–16 5671: 5665: 5659: 5622: 5616: 5610: 5609: 5589: 5583: 5582: 5580: 5578: 5557: 5551: 5550: 5548: 5546: 5527: 5521: 5520: 5518: 5516: 5501: 5495: 5494: 5492: 5490: 5471: 5465: 5464: 5462: 5460: 5451:. Archived from 5445:"Research Tools" 5441: 5435: 5434: 5432: 5430: 5415: 5409: 5408: 5406: 5404: 5385: 5379: 5373: 5367: 5361: 5355: 5349: 5343: 5337: 5328: 5327: 5325: 5323: 5304: 5298: 5292: 5283: 5277: 5264: 5258: 5249: 5243: 5232: 5226: 5217: 5211: 5202: 5196: 5183: 5177: 5166: 5165:, p. 53–56. 5160: 5145: 5144: 5142: 5140: 5121: 5115: 5114: 5112: 5110: 5104: 5093: 5085: 5076: 5075: 5073: 5071: 5057: 5051: 5050: 5048: 5046: 5027: 5021: 5020: 5018: 5016: 5001: 4995: 4993: 4991: 4976: 4968: 4962: 4961: 4959: 4957: 4938: 4929: 4928: 4926: 4924: 4905: 4899: 4898: 4896: 4894: 4880: 4874: 4873: 4871: 4869: 4863: 4852: 4844: 4838: 4837: 4835: 4833: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4809: 4807: 4784: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4766: 4760: 4753: 4741: 4730: 4729: 4727: 4725: 4719: 4712: 4700: 4691: 4690: 4688: 4686: 4663: 4646: 4645: 4643: 4641: 4635: 4624: 4616: 4595: 4594: 4552: 4546: 4503: 4497: 4482: 4476: 4470: 4464: 4446: 4440: 4438: 4437: 4436: 4430: 4422: 4418: 4413: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4389: 4388: 4385: 4382: 4379: 4369: 4342: 4337: 4336: 4335: 4174:in 2017. In the 4164:men's 400 metres 4068:Tiken Jah Fakoly 3917:Infant mortality 3611: 3606: 3598: 3594: 3496:. It had a 2018 3190: 3156: 3148: 3141: 3134: 3122: 3121: 2459:Indénié-Djuablin 2327: 2326: 2061: 2046:In November 2020 2026:reunite Ivorians 1969: 1957: 1948: 1941: 1934: 1933: 1920:Second civil war 1628:Wassoulou Empire 1583:Wassoulou Empire 1349:Wassoulou Empire 1015:during 2010–2011 962:often entailing 834:, also known as 743: 710: 709: 703: 702: 696: 685: 684: 678: 677: 671: 655: 654: 636: 635: 619: 603: 602: 584: 583: 567: 524:30,900,000 ( 187: 186: 184: 183: 182: 177: 173: 170: 169: 168: 165: 146: 135: 130: 113: 105: 104: 85: 71: 58: 50: 39: 38: 21: 11324: 11323: 11319: 11318: 11317: 11315: 11314: 11313: 11234: 11233: 11224: 11222: 11218: 11215: 11210: 11207: 11205: 11203: 11202: 11200: 11195: 11194: 11189: 11171: 11150: 11111:French language 11099: 11069: 11053: 10927: 10891: 10865: 10761:North Macedonia 10585: 10580: 10550: 10545: 10527: 10496: 10475: 10423: 10390: 10324: 10308: 10255: 10229: 10168: 10150: 10122: 10089: 10071: 10039: 10006: 9934: 9929: 9899: 9894: 9858: 9842: 9811: 9790: 9786:Pelagie Islands 9769: 9745: 9743: 9733: 9721: 9703: 9700: 9692: 9671: 9668: 9660: 9651: 9367: 9358: 9323: 9315: 9310: 9302: 9295: 9288: 9275: 9266:Public holidays 9167: 9141: 9103: 9042: 8970: 8961: 8942:First Civil War 8927:1960–1999 8898: 8889: 8834: 8824: 8813: 8776: 8770: 8769: 8766: 8761: 8750: 8742: 8740: 8683: 8657: 8621: 8582: 8559: 8540: 8500: 8498: 8483: 8471:, Connecticut: 8446: 8417: 8415: 8411: 8405: 8394: 8370: 8368: 8364: 8358: 8347: 8325: 8286: 8267: 8245: 8243: 8236: 8224:. Vol. 1. 8213: 8208: 8198: 8196: 8183: 8182: 8171: 8161: 8159: 8146: 8145: 8141: 8131: 8129: 8116: 8115: 8111: 8101: 8099: 8092: 8068: 8064: 8056: 8049: 8039: 8037: 8033: 8022: 8018: 8017: 8013: 8003: 8001: 7988: 7987: 7983: 7966: 7965: 7961: 7944: 7943: 7939: 7929: 7927: 7918: 7917: 7913: 7900: 7898: 7894: 7883: 7879: 7878: 7874: 7864: 7862: 7861:on 17 June 2010 7853: 7852: 7843: 7833: 7831: 7816: 7812: 7804: 7800: 7790: 7788: 7775: 7774: 7770: 7760: 7758: 7741: 7737: 7727: 7725: 7708: 7707: 7703: 7693: 7691: 7678: 7677: 7673: 7663: 7661: 7648: 7647: 7643: 7633: 7631: 7618: 7617: 7613: 7604: 7602: 7595: 7577: 7573: 7567:Wayback Machine 7558: 7554: 7544: 7542: 7538: 7531: 7518: 7514: 7504: 7502: 7485: 7484: 7480: 7470: 7468: 7464: 7457: 7448: 7441: 7431: 7429: 7425: 7418: 7409: 7405: 7395: 7393: 7379: 7375: 7367: 7363: 7353: 7351: 7338: 7337: 7333: 7325: 7321: 7304: 7303: 7299: 7289: 7287: 7278: 7277: 7273: 7263: 7261: 7246: 7245: 7241: 7231: 7229: 7218: 7214: 7204: 7202: 7193: 7192: 7188: 7178: 7176: 7167: 7166: 7162: 7099: 7095: 7040: 7036: 7026: 7024: 7015: 7014: 7010: 7000: 6998: 6989: 6988: 6984: 6979: 6975: 6961: 6960: 6956: 6948: 6944: 6934: 6932: 6923: 6922: 6918: 6910: 6906: 6898: 6894: 6884: 6882: 6869: 6868: 6864: 6843: 6842: 6838: 6828: 6826: 6813: 6812: 6808: 6798: 6796: 6781: 6780: 6776: 6766: 6764: 6751: 6750: 6746: 6736: 6734: 6723: 6719: 6709: 6707: 6694: 6693: 6689: 6679: 6677: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6649: 6647: 6634: 6633: 6629: 6619: 6617: 6604: 6603: 6599: 6589: 6587: 6574: 6573: 6569: 6559: 6557: 6544: 6543: 6539: 6529: 6527: 6514: 6513: 6509: 6499: 6497: 6482: 6478: 6468: 6466: 6465:. 11 April 2011 6455: 6454: 6450: 6440: 6438: 6430:Washington Post 6421: 6417: 6407: 6405: 6390: 6386: 6370: 6366: 6356: 6354: 6339: 6338: 6334: 6317: 6316: 6312: 6304: 6293: 6289: 6288: 6284: 6267: 6266: 6262: 6252: 6250: 6237: 6236: 6227: 6222:on 14 May 2016. 6210: 6209: 6202: 6181: 6180: 6176: 6166: 6164: 6151: 6150: 6146: 6127: 6123: 6106: 6105: 6101: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6066: 6058: 6054: 6044: 6042: 6025: 6024: 6017: 6007: 6005: 5996: 5995: 5991: 5983: 5979: 5971: 5962: 5954: 5927: 5919: 5912: 5908: 5907: 5903: 5895: 5886: 5878: 5851: 5843: 5839: 5827: 5812: 5811: 5786: 5778: 5747: 5743:, pp. 7–8. 5739: 5732: 5724: 5699: 5691: 5680: 5672: 5668: 5660: 5625: 5617: 5613: 5590: 5586: 5576: 5574: 5559: 5558: 5554: 5544: 5542: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5514: 5512: 5503: 5502: 5498: 5488: 5486: 5475:"Cote d'Ivoire" 5473: 5472: 5468: 5458: 5456: 5455:on 1 April 2010 5443: 5442: 5438: 5428: 5426: 5419:"Côte d'Ivoire" 5417: 5416: 5412: 5402: 5400: 5387: 5386: 5382: 5374: 5370: 5362: 5358: 5350: 5346: 5338: 5331: 5321: 5319: 5306: 5305: 5301: 5295:Walckenaer 1827 5293: 5286: 5278: 5267: 5259: 5252: 5244: 5235: 5227: 5220: 5212: 5205: 5197: 5186: 5178: 5169: 5161: 5148: 5138: 5136: 5123: 5122: 5118: 5108: 5106: 5102: 5091: 5087: 5086: 5079: 5069: 5067: 5058: 5054: 5044: 5042: 5028: 5024: 5014: 5012: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4989: 4974: 4970: 4969: 4965: 4955: 4953: 4940: 4939: 4932: 4922: 4920: 4907: 4906: 4902: 4892: 4890: 4884:"Côte d'Ivoire" 4882: 4881: 4877: 4867: 4865: 4861: 4850: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4831: 4829: 4820: 4819: 4815: 4805: 4803: 4786: 4785: 4774: 4764: 4762: 4758: 4751: 4742: 4733: 4723: 4721: 4717: 4710: 4701: 4694: 4684: 4682: 4667:"Côte d'Ivoire" 4665: 4664: 4649: 4639: 4637: 4633: 4622: 4618: 4617: 4608: 4604: 4599: 4598: 4565: 4553: 4549: 4504: 4500: 4483: 4479: 4471: 4467: 4449:Joseph Vaissète 4447: 4443: 4432: 4431: 4425:in English and 4420: 4416: 4390: 4376: 4372: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4338: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4228: 4226:Ivorian cuisine 4222: 4198:Rugby World Cup 4184:Murielle Ahouré 4094: 4088: 4020: 4008:Main articles: 4006: 3985: 3979: 3940: 3934: 3913:Life expectancy 3910: 3904: 3829: 3815: 3766:Southern Mandés 3758:Northern Mandés 3746: 3740: 3716: 3710: 3593: 3587: 3512: 3506: 3462: 3450:Main articles: 3448: 3388: 3382: 3377: 3191: 3161: 3160: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3127: 3119: 3113: 3066: 3045: 2979: 2928: 2862: 2811: 2745: 2679: 2598: 2547: 2496: 2445: 2379: 2358: 2311:108 departments 2287: 2253: 2247: 2208:La Francophonie 2186:; in 1965, the 2160: 2154: 2093: 2087: 2055: 2038: 1968: 1956: 1932: 1924:Main articles: 1922: 1836:of his alleged 1829: 1823: 1821:First civil war 1789: 1754: 1723:, the son of a 1712:and First Lady 1710:John F. Kennedy 1708:with President 1691: 1669:Fourth Republic 1530: 1496:Alsace–Lorraine 1408: 1338:, who had fled 1312: 1226: 1165: 1160: 1154: 1067:Costa do Marfim 1058: 821: 738: 707: 706: 705: 694: 682: 681: 680: 669: 648: 629: 617: 596: 577: 561: 545: 535: 521: 504: 490: 469: 455:4 December 1958 452: 429: 414: 385: 370: 355: 323: 302: 267: 257: 215: 180: 178: 176:6.850°N 5.300°W 174: 171: 166: 163: 161: 159: 158: 157: 137: 131: 114: 107: 93: 92: 91: 86: 78: 77: 72: 59: 52: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 11322: 11312: 11311: 11306: 11301: 11296: 11291: 11286: 11281: 11276: 11271: 11266: 11261: 11256: 11251: 11249:Blood diamonds 11246: 11197: 11196: 11191: 11190: 11188: 11187: 11176: 11173: 11172: 11170: 11169: 11164: 11158: 11156: 11152: 11151: 11149: 11148: 11143: 11138: 11133: 11128: 11123: 11118: 11113: 11107: 11105: 11101: 11100: 11098: 11097: 11092: 11087: 11081: 11079: 11075: 11074: 11071: 11070: 11068: 11067: 11061: 11059: 11055: 11054: 11052: 11051: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11006: 11001: 10996: 10991: 10986: 10981: 10976: 10971: 10966: 10961: 10959:Czech Republic 10956: 10951: 10946: 10941: 10935: 10933: 10929: 10928: 10926: 10925: 10920: 10915: 10910: 10905: 10899: 10897: 10893: 10892: 10890: 10889: 10884: 10879: 10873: 10871: 10867: 10866: 10864: 10863: 10858: 10853: 10848: 10843: 10838: 10833: 10828: 10823: 10818: 10813: 10808: 10803: 10798: 10793: 10788: 10783: 10778: 10773: 10768: 10763: 10758: 10753: 10748: 10743: 10738: 10733: 10728: 10723: 10718: 10713: 10708: 10703: 10698: 10693: 10688: 10683: 10678: 10673: 10668: 10663: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10638: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10613: 10608: 10602: 10600: 10593: 10587: 10586: 10579: 10578: 10571: 10564: 10556: 10547: 10546: 10544: 10543: 10532: 10529: 10528: 10526: 10525: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10504: 10502: 10498: 10497: 10495: 10494: 10489: 10483: 10481: 10477: 10476: 10474: 10473: 10468: 10463: 10458: 10453: 10448: 10437: 10435: 10429: 10428: 10425: 10424: 10422: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10406: 10400: 10398: 10392: 10391: 10389: 10388: 10383: 10378: 10368: 10363: 10358: 10353: 10348: 10342: 10336: 10330: 10329: 10326: 10325: 10323: 10322: 10316: 10314: 10310: 10309: 10307: 10306: 10301: 10296: 10291: 10286: 10281: 10276: 10271: 10265: 10263: 10257: 10256: 10254: 10253: 10248: 10243: 10237: 10235: 10231: 10230: 10228: 10227: 10222: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10204: 10199: 10194: 10189: 10184: 10178: 10176: 10170: 10169: 10167: 10166: 10160: 10158: 10152: 10151: 10149: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10132: 10130: 10124: 10123: 10121: 10120: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10099: 10097: 10091: 10090: 10088: 10087: 10081: 10079: 10073: 10072: 10070: 10069: 10064: 10059: 10053: 10047: 10041: 10040: 10038: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10025:Extreme points 10022: 10016: 10014: 10008: 10007: 10005: 10004: 10003: 10002: 9997: 9985: 9980: 9975: 9970: 9965: 9963:Monrovia Group 9960: 9955: 9950: 9948:Pan-Africanism 9944: 9942: 9936: 9935: 9928: 9927: 9920: 9913: 9905: 9896: 9895: 9893: 9892: 9880: 9867: 9864: 9863: 9860: 9859: 9857: 9856: 9850: 9848: 9844: 9843: 9841: 9840: 9835: 9830: 9825: 9823:Canary Islands 9819: 9817: 9813: 9812: 9810: 9809: 9807:Savage Islands 9804: 9798: 9796: 9792: 9791: 9789: 9788: 9783: 9777: 9775: 9771: 9770: 9768: 9767: 9762: 9756: 9754: 9747: 9739: 9738: 9735: 9734: 9729: 9727: 9726:United Kingdom 9723: 9722: 9720: 9719: 9713: 9711: 9704: 9697: 9694: 9693: 9691: 9690: 9685: 9674: 9672: 9665: 9662: 9661: 9654: 9652: 9650: 9649: 9644: 9639: 9634: 9629: 9624: 9619: 9614: 9609: 9604: 9599: 9594: 9589: 9584: 9579: 9574: 9569: 9564: 9559: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9529: 9524: 9519: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9499: 9494: 9489: 9484: 9479: 9474: 9469: 9464: 9459: 9454: 9448: 9443: 9438: 9433: 9428: 9423: 9418: 9413: 9408: 9403: 9398: 9393: 9388: 9383: 9377: 9375: 9369: 9368: 9357: 9356: 9349: 9342: 9334: 9328: 9325: 9324: 9312: 9311: 9309: 9308: 9301: 9300: 9293: 9285: 9284: 9281: 9280: 9277: 9276: 9274: 9273: 9268: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9243: 9238: 9233: 9228: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9207: 9206: 9201: 9191: 9189:Child marriage 9185: 9179: 9173: 9172: 9169: 9168: 9166: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9150: 9145: 9137: 9132: 9127: 9121: 9115: 9109: 9108: 9105: 9104: 9102: 9101: 9099:Prime Minister 9096: 9094:Vice-President 9091: 9086: 9081: 9076: 9071: 9066: 9060: 9054: 9048: 9047: 9044: 9043: 9041: 9040: 9035: 9030: 9025: 9020: 9018:National parks 9015: 9010: 9005: 9000: 8995: 8990: 8984: 8978: 8972: 8971: 8964: 8962: 8960: 8959: 8954: 8944: 8939: 8934: 8929: 8924: 8919: 8917:Ashanti Empire 8914: 8908: 8906: 8900: 8899: 8888: 8887: 8880: 8873: 8865: 8859: 8858: 8852: 8851: 8847: 8846: 8831: 8821: 8795: 8779: 8765: 8764:External links 8762: 8760: 8759: 8708: 8699: 8687: 8681: 8668: 8655: 8642: 8633: 8619: 8602: 8586: 8581:978-0226514604 8580: 8563: 8557: 8544: 8538: 8525: 8506: 8481: 8458: 8444: 8424: 8403: 8386: 8377: 8356: 8338: 8329: 8323: 8310: 8299: 8290: 8284: 8271: 8265: 8252: 8235:978-0195337709 8234: 8214: 8212: 8209: 8207: 8206: 8189:Whats4eats.com 8169: 8139: 8109: 8090: 8062: 8047: 8036:on 11 May 2011 8011: 7981: 7959: 7937: 7911: 7872: 7841: 7810: 7798: 7768: 7735: 7701: 7671: 7641: 7611: 7593: 7571: 7552: 7512: 7478: 7439: 7403: 7373: 7361: 7331: 7329:, p. 335. 7319: 7297: 7271: 7239: 7212: 7186: 7160: 7093: 7054:(6): 534–545. 7034: 7008: 6982: 6973: 6954: 6942: 6916: 6914:, p. 430. 6904: 6902:, p. 429. 6892: 6862: 6836: 6806: 6788:Deutsche Welle 6774: 6744: 6717: 6687: 6657: 6627: 6597: 6567: 6537: 6507: 6476: 6448: 6415: 6384: 6364: 6332: 6310: 6282: 6279:on 3 May 2011. 6260: 6225: 6200: 6174: 6144: 6121: 6099: 6076: 6074:, p. 330. 6064: 6052: 6015: 5989: 5977: 5960: 5925: 5922:on 2 May 2013. 5901: 5884: 5849: 5837: 5784: 5745: 5730: 5697: 5678: 5666: 5623: 5611: 5584: 5552: 5522: 5496: 5466: 5436: 5410: 5380: 5378:, p. 351. 5368: 5366:, p. 127. 5356: 5344: 5329: 5299: 5284: 5282:, p. 100. 5265: 5261:Blanchard 1818 5250: 5233: 5231:, p. 146. 5218: 5203: 5201:, p. 594. 5184: 5167: 5146: 5116: 5077: 5052: 5022: 4996: 4963: 4930: 4913:Dictionary.com 4900: 4875: 4839: 4824:. World Bank. 4813: 4772: 4731: 4692: 4647: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4597: 4596: 4547: 4512:World Factbook 4498: 4490:Costa d'Avorio 4486:Elfenbeinküste 4477: 4465: 4451:, in his 1755 4441: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4350: 4344: 4343: 4327: 4324: 4224:Main article: 4221: 4218: 4160:Gabriel Tiacoh 4087: 4084: 4005: 4002: 3981:Main article: 3978: 3975: 3936:Main article: 3933: 3930: 3906:Main article: 3903: 3900: 3814: 3811: 3742:Main article: 3739: 3736: 3709: 3706: 3684: 3683: 3679: 3678: 3675: 3672: 3668: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3653: 3650: 3646: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3634: 3631: 3628: 3624: 3623: 3620: 3617: 3613: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3589:Main article: 3586: 3583: 3508:Main article: 3505: 3502: 3447: 3444: 3424:Gulf of Guinea 3418:in the north, 3384:Main article: 3381: 3378: 3374: 3373: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3356: 3355: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3338: 3337: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3320: 3319: 3316: 3311: 3306: 3302: 3301: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3275: 3270: 3266: 3265: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3248: 3247: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3230: 3229: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3212: 3211: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3195: 3183: 3182: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3166: 3163: 3162: 3158: 3153: 3151: 3150: 3143: 3136: 3128: 3125: 3120: 3112: 3111:Largest cities 3109: 3106: 3105: 3102: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3059: 3055: 3054: 3051: 3038: 3034: 3033: 3030: 3025: 3019: 3018: 3015: 3010: 3004: 3003: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2972: 2968: 2967: 2964: 2959: 2953: 2952: 2949: 2944: 2939: 2934: 2921: 2917: 2916: 2913: 2911:Ferkessédougou 2908: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2883: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2855: 2851: 2850: 2847: 2842: 2836: 2835: 2832: 2827: 2825:Haut-Sassandra 2822: 2817: 2804: 2800: 2799: 2796: 2791: 2785: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2766: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2738: 2734: 2733: 2730: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2715: 2710: 2704: 2703: 2700: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2672: 2668: 2667: 2664: 2659: 2653: 2652: 2649: 2644: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2629: 2623: 2622: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2591: 2587: 2586: 2583: 2578: 2572: 2571: 2568: 2563: 2558: 2553: 2540: 2536: 2535: 2532: 2527: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2502: 2489: 2485: 2484: 2481: 2476: 2470: 2469: 2466: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2438: 2434: 2433: 2430: 2425: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2410: 2404: 2403: 2400: 2395: 2390: 2385: 2372: 2368: 2367: 2364: 2351: 2347: 2346: 2343: 2340: 2337: 2334: 2331: 2286: 2283: 2246: 2243: 2227:infrastructure 2168:Laurent Gbagbo 2153: 2150: 2127:Laurent Gbagbo 2089:Main article: 2086: 2083: 2037: 2034: 1976: 1975: 1971:Prime Minister 1963: 1950: 1949: 1942: 1921: 1918: 1914:Guillaume Soro 1825:Main article: 1822: 1819: 1788: 1785: 1758:Laurent Gbagbo 1753: 1750: 1690: 1687: 1610:Third Republic 1529: 1526: 1505:Arthur Verdier 1407: 1404: 1311: 1308: 1236:, conducted a 1225: 1222: 1164: 1163:Land migration 1161: 1156:Main article: 1153: 1150: 1122:Côte de Quaqua 1057: 1054: 1028:. Through the 940:Cebaara Senufo 904:Gulf of Guinea 900:Atlantic Ocean 827: 826: 823: 822: 820: 819: 807: 804: 803: 798: 792: 791: 786: 780: 779: 774: 768: 767: 764: 758: 757: 754: 750: 749: 736: 732: 731: 721: 717: 716: 697: 687: 686: 672: 662: 661: 649: 646: 643: 642: 630: 627: 624: 623: 620: 610: 609: 597: 594: 591: 590: 578: 575: 572: 571: 568: 554: 553: 546: 544:• Density 543: 540: 539: 536: 533: 530: 529: 522: 519: 516: 515: 509: 508: 505: 502: 499: 498: 491: 488: 485: 484: 478: 477: 474: 473: 470: 460: 457: 456: 453: 450: 447: 446: 443: 442: 436: 435: 430: 424: 421: 420: 415: 409: 406: 405: 400: 396: 395: 392: 391: 386: 383:Prime Minister 380: 377: 376: 371: 368:Vice President 365: 362: 361: 356: 350: 347: 346: 343: 342: 331: 325: 324: 322: 321: 320:Ivory Coasters 318: 312: 310: 304: 303: 301: 300: 294: 293: 292: 289: 286: 283: 280: 277: 273:78.0% Ivorian 270: 268: 265: 259: 258: 256: 255: 250: 245: 240: 235: 230: 225: 219: 217: 209: 208: 203: 199: 198: 193: 189: 188: 152: 148: 147: 139: 138: 117: 116: 95: 94: 87: 80: 79: 73: 66: 65: 64: 61: 60: 45: 42: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 11321: 11310: 11307: 11305: 11302: 11300: 11297: 11295: 11292: 11290: 11287: 11285: 11282: 11280: 11277: 11275: 11272: 11270: 11267: 11265: 11262: 11260: 11257: 11255: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11245: 11242: 11241: 11239: 11232: 11229: 11186: 11178: 11177: 11174: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11159: 11157: 11153: 11147: 11144: 11142: 11139: 11137: 11134: 11132: 11129: 11127: 11124: 11122: 11119: 11117: 11114: 11112: 11109: 11108: 11106: 11102: 11096: 11093: 11091: 11088: 11086: 11083: 11082: 11080: 11076: 11066: 11063: 11062: 11060: 11056: 11050: 11047: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11010: 11007: 11005: 11002: 11000: 10997: 10995: 10992: 10990: 10987: 10985: 10982: 10980: 10977: 10975: 10972: 10970: 10967: 10965: 10962: 10960: 10957: 10955: 10952: 10950: 10947: 10945: 10942: 10940: 10937: 10936: 10934: 10930: 10924: 10921: 10919: 10916: 10914: 10911: 10909: 10906: 10904: 10901: 10900: 10898: 10894: 10888: 10885: 10883: 10882:New Brunswick 10880: 10878: 10875: 10874: 10872: 10868: 10862: 10859: 10857: 10854: 10852: 10849: 10847: 10844: 10842: 10839: 10837: 10834: 10832: 10829: 10827: 10824: 10822: 10819: 10817: 10814: 10812: 10809: 10807: 10804: 10802: 10799: 10797: 10794: 10792: 10789: 10787: 10784: 10782: 10779: 10777: 10774: 10772: 10769: 10767: 10764: 10762: 10759: 10757: 10754: 10752: 10749: 10747: 10744: 10742: 10739: 10737: 10734: 10732: 10731:Guinea-Bissau 10729: 10727: 10724: 10722: 10719: 10717: 10714: 10712: 10709: 10707: 10704: 10702: 10699: 10697: 10694: 10692: 10689: 10687: 10684: 10682: 10679: 10677: 10674: 10672: 10669: 10667: 10664: 10662: 10659: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10609: 10607: 10604: 10603: 10601: 10597: 10594: 10592: 10588: 10584: 10577: 10572: 10570: 10565: 10563: 10558: 10557: 10554: 10542: 10534: 10533: 10530: 10524: 10521: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10505: 10503: 10499: 10493: 10490: 10488: 10485: 10484: 10482: 10478: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10462: 10459: 10457: 10454: 10452: 10449: 10446: 10445:Gold standard 10442: 10439: 10438: 10436: 10434: 10430: 10420: 10417: 10415: 10412: 10410: 10407: 10405: 10402: 10401: 10399: 10397: 10393: 10387: 10384: 10382: 10379: 10376: 10372: 10369: 10367: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10357: 10354: 10352: 10349: 10347: 10344: 10343: 10340: 10337: 10335: 10331: 10321: 10318: 10317: 10315: 10311: 10305: 10302: 10300: 10297: 10295: 10292: 10290: 10287: 10285: 10282: 10280: 10277: 10275: 10272: 10270: 10267: 10266: 10264: 10262: 10258: 10252: 10249: 10247: 10244: 10242: 10239: 10238: 10236: 10232: 10226: 10223: 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10203: 10200: 10198: 10195: 10193: 10190: 10188: 10185: 10183: 10180: 10179: 10177: 10175: 10171: 10165: 10162: 10161: 10159: 10157: 10153: 10147: 10144: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10133: 10131: 10129: 10125: 10119: 10118:2025 election 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10100: 10098: 10096: 10092: 10086: 10083: 10082: 10080: 10078: 10074: 10068: 10065: 10063: 10060: 10058: 10055: 10054: 10051: 10048: 10046: 10042: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10030:Member states 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10017: 10015: 10013: 10009: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9992: 9991: 9990: 9986: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9945: 9943: 9941: 9937: 9933: 9932:African Union 9926: 9921: 9919: 9914: 9912: 9907: 9906: 9903: 9891: 9890: 9889:Africa portal 9885: 9881: 9879: 9878: 9869: 9868: 9865: 9855: 9852: 9851: 9849: 9845: 9839: 9836: 9834: 9831: 9829: 9826: 9824: 9821: 9820: 9818: 9814: 9808: 9805: 9803: 9800: 9799: 9797: 9793: 9787: 9784: 9782: 9779: 9778: 9776: 9772: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9757: 9755: 9751: 9748: 9744:fully part of 9740: 9732: 9728: 9724: 9718: 9715: 9714: 9712: 9708: 9705: 9702: 9695: 9689: 9686: 9683: 9679: 9676: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9663: 9658: 9648: 9645: 9643: 9640: 9638: 9635: 9633: 9630: 9628: 9625: 9623: 9620: 9618: 9615: 9613: 9610: 9608: 9605: 9603: 9600: 9598: 9595: 9593: 9590: 9588: 9585: 9583: 9580: 9578: 9575: 9573: 9570: 9568: 9565: 9563: 9560: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9520: 9518: 9515: 9513: 9510: 9508: 9505: 9503: 9500: 9498: 9497:Guinea-Bissau 9495: 9493: 9490: 9488: 9485: 9483: 9480: 9478: 9475: 9473: 9470: 9468: 9465: 9463: 9460: 9458: 9455: 9452: 9449: 9447: 9444: 9442: 9439: 9437: 9434: 9432: 9429: 9427: 9424: 9422: 9419: 9417: 9414: 9412: 9409: 9407: 9404: 9402: 9399: 9397: 9394: 9392: 9389: 9387: 9384: 9382: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9374: 9370: 9366: 9362: 9355: 9350: 9348: 9343: 9341: 9336: 9335: 9332: 9326: 9319: 9307: 9304: 9303: 9298: 9294: 9291: 9287: 9286: 9282: 9272: 9269: 9267: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9244: 9242: 9239: 9237: 9234: 9232: 9229: 9227: 9226:Ethnic groups 9224: 9222: 9219: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9205: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9196: 9195: 9192: 9190: 9187: 9186: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9174: 9164: 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9146: 9144: 9138: 9136: 9133: 9131: 9128: 9126: 9123: 9122: 9119: 9116: 9114: 9110: 9100: 9097: 9095: 9092: 9090: 9087: 9085: 9082: 9080: 9077: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9067: 9065: 9062: 9061: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9049: 9039: 9036: 9034: 9031: 9029: 9026: 9024: 9021: 9019: 9016: 9014: 9011: 9009: 9006: 9004: 9001: 8999: 8996: 8994: 8991: 8989: 8986: 8985: 8982: 8979: 8977: 8973: 8968: 8958: 8957:2017 mutinies 8955: 8952: 8948: 8945: 8943: 8940: 8938: 8935: 8933: 8930: 8928: 8925: 8923: 8920: 8918: 8915: 8913: 8910: 8909: 8907: 8905: 8901: 8897: 8893: 8886: 8881: 8879: 8874: 8872: 8867: 8866: 8863: 8857: 8854: 8853: 8849: 8848: 8845: 8844:OpenStreetMap 8841: 8832: 8830: 8822: 8820: 8816: 8811: 8807: 8806: 8801: 8796: 8793: 8789: 8788: 8783: 8782:Côte d'Ivoire 8780: 8773: 8768: 8767: 8757: 8756:public domain 8738: 8734: 8730: 8726: 8722: 8718: 8714: 8709: 8705: 8700: 8696: 8692: 8688: 8684: 8682:9780521394420 8678: 8674: 8669: 8666: 8662: 8658: 8652: 8648: 8643: 8639: 8634: 8630: 8626: 8622: 8620:0-571-08251-3 8616: 8611: 8610: 8603: 8600: 8596: 8592: 8587: 8583: 8577: 8573: 8569: 8564: 8560: 8558:9780521822657 8554: 8550: 8545: 8541: 8539:9781857431162 8535: 8531: 8526: 8523: 8519: 8515: 8511: 8510:Kipré, Pierre 8507: 8496: 8492: 8488: 8484: 8478: 8474: 8470: 8466: 8465: 8459: 8455: 8451: 8447: 8441: 8437: 8433: 8429: 8425: 8410: 8406: 8400: 8393: 8392: 8387: 8383: 8378: 8363: 8359: 8353: 8346: 8345: 8339: 8335: 8330: 8326: 8324:9782811101961 8320: 8316: 8311: 8307: 8306: 8300: 8296: 8291: 8287: 8285:9782746924086 8281: 8277: 8276:Côte d'Ivoire 8272: 8268: 8266:9781107507180 8262: 8258: 8253: 8241: 8237: 8231: 8227: 8223: 8222: 8216: 8215: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8180: 8178: 8176: 8174: 8157: 8153: 8149: 8143: 8127: 8123: 8119: 8113: 8097: 8093: 8091:9789280534320 8087: 8083: 8079: 8075: 8074: 8066: 8059: 8054: 8052: 8032: 8028: 8021: 8015: 7999: 7995: 7991: 7985: 7977: 7973: 7969: 7963: 7955: 7951: 7947: 7941: 7925: 7921: 7915: 7908: 7893: 7889: 7882: 7876: 7860: 7856: 7850: 7848: 7846: 7829: 7825: 7821: 7814: 7807: 7806:Côte d'Ivoire 7802: 7786: 7782: 7778: 7777:"Ivory Coast" 7772: 7756: 7752: 7751: 7746: 7739: 7723: 7719: 7715: 7711: 7705: 7689: 7685: 7681: 7675: 7659: 7655: 7651: 7645: 7629: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7600: 7596: 7590: 7586: 7582: 7575: 7568: 7564: 7561: 7556: 7537: 7530: 7526: 7522: 7516: 7500: 7496: 7492: 7488: 7482: 7463: 7456: 7452: 7446: 7444: 7424: 7421:. p. 3. 7417: 7413: 7407: 7391: 7387: 7383: 7377: 7370: 7365: 7349: 7345: 7341: 7335: 7328: 7323: 7315: 7311: 7307: 7301: 7285: 7281: 7275: 7259: 7255: 7254: 7249: 7243: 7227: 7224:. Bloomberg. 7223: 7216: 7200: 7196: 7190: 7174: 7170: 7164: 7156: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7120: 7116: 7112: 7108: 7104: 7097: 7089: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7071: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7045: 7038: 7022: 7018: 7012: 6996: 6993:. Monga Bay. 6992: 6986: 6977: 6968: 6964: 6958: 6951: 6946: 6930: 6926: 6920: 6913: 6908: 6901: 6896: 6881:on 6 May 2016 6880: 6876: 6872: 6866: 6858: 6854: 6853: 6847: 6840: 6824: 6821:(in French). 6820: 6816: 6810: 6794: 6790: 6789: 6784: 6778: 6762: 6758: 6754: 6748: 6732: 6728: 6721: 6705: 6701: 6697: 6691: 6675: 6671: 6667: 6661: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6631: 6615: 6611: 6607: 6601: 6585: 6581: 6577: 6571: 6555: 6551: 6547: 6541: 6525: 6521: 6517: 6511: 6495: 6491: 6487: 6480: 6464: 6463: 6458: 6452: 6436: 6432: 6431: 6426: 6419: 6403: 6399: 6395: 6388: 6381: 6377: 6373: 6368: 6352: 6348: 6347: 6342: 6336: 6328: 6324: 6320: 6314: 6303: 6299: 6298:African Union 6292: 6286: 6278: 6274: 6270: 6264: 6248: 6244: 6240: 6234: 6232: 6230: 6221: 6217: 6213: 6207: 6205: 6196: 6192: 6188: 6184: 6178: 6162: 6158: 6154: 6148: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6125: 6117: 6113: 6109: 6103: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6080: 6073: 6068: 6062:, p. 16. 6061: 6060:McGovern 2011 6056: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6028: 6022: 6020: 6003: 5999: 5993: 5986: 5985:Mortimer 1969 5981: 5975:, p. 14. 5974: 5969: 5967: 5965: 5958:, p. 12. 5957: 5952: 5950: 5948: 5946: 5944: 5942: 5940: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5932: 5930: 5918: 5911: 5905: 5899:, p. 11. 5898: 5893: 5891: 5889: 5882:, p. 10. 5881: 5876: 5874: 5872: 5870: 5868: 5866: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5858: 5856: 5854: 5846: 5841: 5834: 5833:public domain 5823: 5819: 5815: 5809: 5807: 5805: 5803: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5791: 5789: 5781: 5776: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5768: 5766: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5756: 5754: 5752: 5750: 5742: 5737: 5735: 5727: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5716: 5714: 5712: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5704: 5702: 5694: 5689: 5687: 5685: 5683: 5675: 5670: 5663: 5658: 5656: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5646: 5644: 5642: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5632: 5630: 5628: 5621:, p. 246 5620: 5619:Rougerie 1978 5615: 5607: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5588: 5572: 5568: 5567: 5562: 5556: 5540: 5536: 5532: 5526: 5510: 5506: 5500: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5470: 5454: 5450: 5449:The Economist 5446: 5440: 5424: 5420: 5414: 5398: 5394: 5390: 5384: 5377: 5372: 5365: 5360: 5353: 5348: 5341: 5336: 5334: 5317: 5313: 5309: 5303: 5297:, p. 35. 5296: 5291: 5289: 5281: 5280:Chisholm 1911 5276: 5274: 5272: 5270: 5263:, p. 57. 5262: 5257: 5255: 5247: 5246:Vaissète 1755 5242: 5240: 5238: 5230: 5225: 5223: 5216:, p. 14. 5215: 5210: 5208: 5200: 5195: 5193: 5191: 5189: 5182:, p. 39. 5181: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5164: 5163:Thornton 1996 5159: 5157: 5155: 5153: 5151: 5134: 5130: 5126: 5120: 5101: 5097: 5090: 5084: 5082: 5066: 5062: 5056: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5026: 5010: 5006: 5000: 4988: 4984: 4981:(in French). 4980: 4973: 4967: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4937: 4935: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4889: 4885: 4879: 4860: 4856: 4849: 4843: 4827: 4823: 4817: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4789: 4783: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4757: 4750: 4746: 4740: 4738: 4736: 4716: 4709: 4705: 4699: 4697: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4662: 4660: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4652: 4632: 4628: 4621: 4615: 4613: 4611: 4606: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4583: 4578: 4577: 4572: 4568: 4563: 4562: 4557: 4551: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4537: 4532: 4531: 4530:The Economist 4526: 4522: 4518: 4514: 4513: 4508: 4502: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4481: 4474: 4469: 4462: 4461:Côte de Dents 4458: 4454: 4450: 4445: 4435: 4429: 4424: 4423: 4411: 4368: 4364: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4341: 4340:Africa portal 4330: 4323: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4304: 4302: 4298: 4293: 4292: 4286: 4284: 4283: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4269: 4264: 4260: 4259: 4254: 4250: 4246: 4238: 4237: 4232: 4227: 4217: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4156: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4129:Didier Drogba 4126: 4122: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4103: 4098: 4093: 4083: 4081: 4080:Christina Goh 4077: 4076:Serge Beynaud 4073: 4069: 4065: 4064:Dobet Gnahoré 4061: 4057: 4053: 4052:Magic Système 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4029: 4028:Talking drums 4025: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4001: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3984: 3974: 3972: 3968: 3964: 3960: 3953: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3918: 3914: 3909: 3899: 3897: 3892: 3890: 3884: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3824: 3820: 3810: 3807: 3801: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3783: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3763: 3759: 3755: 3751: 3745: 3738:Ethnic groups 3735: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3721: 3720:lingua franca 3715: 3705: 3703: 3699: 3690: 3680: 3676: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3665: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3654: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3643: 3640: 3637: 3636: 3632: 3629: 3626: 3625: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3614: 3608: 3603: 3600: 3599: 3592: 3582: 3578: 3574: 3572: 3568: 3564: 3558: 3556: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3524: 3516: 3511: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3468: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3443: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3417: 3413: 3410:in the west, 3409: 3405: 3402:. It borders 3401: 3392: 3387: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3357: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3322: 3321: 3317: 3315: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3303: 3299: 3297: 3296:Bas-Sassandra 3294: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3279: 3276: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3263: 3261: 3258: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3249: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3231: 3227: 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3194: 3189: 3184: 3180: 3178: 3175: 3173: 3170: 3167: 3165: 3164: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3137: 3135: 3130: 3129: 3123: 3118: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3086: 3083: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3070: 3065: 3064: 3056: 3049: 3044: 3043: 3035: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3020: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3006: 3005: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2983: 2978: 2977: 2969: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2954: 2948: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2938: 2932: 2927: 2926: 2918: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2904: 2903: 2897: 2894: 2892: 2889: 2888: 2882: 2879: 2877: 2874: 2872: 2866: 2861: 2860: 2852: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2838: 2837: 2831: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2815: 2810: 2809: 2801: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2765: 2762: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2749: 2744: 2743: 2735: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2714: 2711: 2709: 2706: 2705: 2699: 2696: 2694: 2693:Agnéby-Tiassa 2691: 2689: 2683: 2678: 2677: 2669: 2663: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2654: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2639: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2612:Bélier Region 2610: 2608: 2602: 2597: 2596: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2577: 2574: 2573: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2551: 2546: 2545: 2537: 2531: 2528: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2516: 2513: 2511: 2508: 2506: 2500: 2495: 2494: 2486: 2480: 2477: 2475: 2472: 2471: 2465: 2462: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2449: 2444: 2443: 2435: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2421: 2420: 2414: 2411: 2409: 2406: 2405: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2383: 2378: 2377: 2376:Bas-Sassandra 2369: 2362: 2357: 2356: 2348: 2328: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2291: 2282: 2280: 2275: 2273: 2269: 2264: 2262: 2258: 2252: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2228: 2223: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2209: 2205: 2199: 2197: 2196:African Union 2193: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2173: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2149: 2147: 2143: 2139: 2134: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2119: 2115: 2113: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2092: 2082: 2080: 2075: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2006: 2002: 1999: 1994: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1972: 1967: 1960: 1955: 1951: 1947: 1940: 1935: 1931: 1927: 1917: 1915: 1911: 1906: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1895:African Union 1890: 1887: 1882: 1878: 1876: 1872: 1863: 1858: 1854: 1852: 1847: 1842: 1839: 1834: 1828: 1818: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1796: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1749: 1745: 1743: 1739: 1738: 1732: 1730: 1729:forced labour 1726: 1722: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1706:Entrance Hall 1704: 1700: 1695: 1686: 1683: 1679: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1651: 1650: 1643: 1640: 1636: 1629: 1625: 1621: 1617: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1586: 1584: 1580: 1571: 1566: 1562: 1560: 1554: 1552: 1548: 1539: 1534: 1525: 1523: 1518: 1512: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1497: 1493: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1470: 1469: 1464: 1460: 1455: 1452: 1448: 1443: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1403: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1329: 1326:. The Muslim 1325: 1316: 1307: 1306:and hunting. 1305: 1301: 1296: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1283:and southern 1282: 1278: 1273: 1270: 1269:western Sudan 1266: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1221: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1208:the Ehotilé ( 1205: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1169: 1159: 1149: 1147: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1131: 1130:Côte d'Ivoire 1127: 1123: 1119: 1118:Côte de Dents 1114: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1063:Côte d'Ivoire 1053: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1026:its president 1022: 1020: 1017:. It adopted 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 987:French colony 984: 980: 976: 972: 967: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 888:the northeast 885: 881: 880:the northwest 877: 873: 869: 865: 864:the northwest 861: 858:. It borders 857: 853: 849: 845: 841: 837: 836:Côte d'Ivoire 833: 824: 817: 816:French people 813: 808: 805: 802: 799: 797: 793: 790: 787: 785: 784:ISO 3166 code 781: 778: 775: 773: 769: 765: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 722: 718: 714: 698: 692: 688: 673: 667: 663: 659: 656:$ 2,728 ( 650: 644: 640: 631: 625: 621: 615: 611: 607: 604:$ 6,960 ( 598: 592: 588: 579: 573: 569: 565: 559: 555: 551: 547: 541: 537: 531: 527: 523: 517: 514: 510: 506: 500: 496: 492: 486: 483: 479: 475: 472:7 August 1960 471: 468: 464: 458: 454: 448: 444: 441: 437: 434: 431: 428: 422: 419: 416: 413: 407: 404: 401: 397: 393: 390: 387: 384: 378: 375: 372: 369: 363: 360: 357: 354: 348: 344: 341: 338: 335: 332: 330: 326: 319: 317: 314: 313: 311: 309: 305: 299: 295: 290: 287: 284: 281: 278: 275: 274: 272: 271: 269: 266:(2021 census) 264: 260: 254: 251: 249: 246: 244: 241: 239: 236: 234: 231: 229: 226: 224: 221: 220: 218: 214: 210: 207: 204: 200: 197: 194: 190: 185: 181:6.850; -5.300 156: 153: 149: 145: 140: 129: 128: 127:L'Abidjanaise 122: 118: 111: 100: 96: 90: 84: 76: 70: 62: 56: 49: 40: 37: 33: 19: 11201: 11078:Organization 10740: 10636:Burkina Faso 9987: 9973:Abuja Treaty 9887: 9875: 9717:Îles Éparses 9607:South Africa 9597:Sierra Leone 9501: 9401:Burkina Faso 9216:Demographics 9204:Prostitution 9064:Constitution 9033:Subdivisions 8891: 8803: 8785: 8743:10 September 8741:. 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