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In the 19th-century spiegeleisen was made either by mixing iron ores with appropriate levels of manganese and smelting them directly, or by adding
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113:, removing them (to a degree) from the iron. It was much used in conjunction with the
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Historically, this was the standard form in which manganese was traded and used in
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both to introduce carbon and manganese, and also to reduce impurities.
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101:. Manganese is useful in steel manufacture because it binds with
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175:Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Indiana
70:. Spiegeleisen is sometimes also referred to as
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202:"On the Manufacture and Use of Spiegeleisen"
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181:. Sentinel Company, Printers.: 71–101
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29:(literally "mirror-iron", German:
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212:. Columbia School of Mines: 16–20
240:This alloy-related article is a
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133:to previously smelted iron in a
200:Snelus, George J (June 1876).
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58:containing approximately 15%
244:. You can help Knowledge by
171:"Spiegeleisen manufacturing"
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62:and small quantities of
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246:expanding it
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214:. Retrieved
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99:steel making
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79:Spiegel iron
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27:Spiegeleisen
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21:Spiegeleisen
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291:Alloy stubs
121:Manufacture
285:Categories
153:References
127:pyrolusite
103:phosphorus
301:Manganese
131:manganite
72:specular
60:manganese
141:See also
87:Bisalloy
81:, just
74:pig iron
39:specular
216:27 July
185:27 July
83:Spiegel
68:silicon
51:) is a
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111:silica
109:, and
107:sulfur
64:carbon
35:mirror
93:Usage
85:, or
56:alloy
44:Eisen
242:stub
218:2015
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210:6–7
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