419:, or "pardoned," meaning his life is spared due to outstanding behavior in the bullring, leading the audience to petition the president of the ring with white handkerchiefs. The bullfighter joins the petition, as it is a great honor to have a bull one has fought pardoned. The president pardons the bull showing an orange handkerchief. The bull, if he survives his injuries, which are usually severe, is then returned to the ranch he was bred at, where he will live out his days in the fields. In most cases, he will become a "seed bull", mated once with some 30 cows. Four years later, his offspring will be tested in the ring. If they fight well, he may be bred again. An "indultado" bull's lifespan can be 20 to 25 years.
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is only of their aggression towards the horse, as regulations forbid their charging a man on the ground before they enter the bullfighting ring. They learn how to use their horns in tests of strength and dominance with other bulls. Due to their special aggression, these combats can lead to severe
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The bulls were fought under the name of Juan Miura until his death in 1854. Then they were under the name of his widow, Josefa Fernández de Miura. After her death, the livestock bore the name of her eldest son
Antonio Miura Fernández from 1869 to 1893 and then the younger brother, Eduardo Miura
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Fighting bulls are characterized by their aggressive behavior, especially when solitary or unable to flee. Many are colored black or dark brown, but other colorations are normal. They reach maturity slower than meat breeds as they were not selected to be heavy, having instead a well-muscled
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There are certain strains of bull with a marked ability to learn from what goes on in the arena ... faster than the actual fight progresses which makes it more difficult from one minute to the next to control them ... these bulls are raised by Don
Eduardo Miura's sons from old fighting
306:, a complex of muscles over the shoulder and neck which gives the bull its distinctive profile and strength with its horns. The horns are longer than in most other breeds and are present in both males and females. Mature bulls weigh from 408.2 to 700 kg (900 to 1,543 lb).
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Among fighting cattle, there are several "encastes" or subtypes of the breed. Of the so-called "foundational breeds", only the bloodlines of
Vistahermosa, Vázquez, Gallardo and Cabrera remain today. In the cases of the last two only the ranches of
366:
or in the
Portuguese Montados, which are often havens for Iberian wildlife as the farming techniques used are extensive. Both male and female calves spend their first year of life with their mothers; then they are weaned,
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and Pablo Romero are deeply influenced by them. The so-called "modern foundational bloodlines" are
Saltillo, Murube, Parladé and Santa Coloma, all of which are primarily composed of Vistahermosa blood.
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If fit for bullfighting, bulls will return to their peers. Cows passing the tienta are kept for breeding and will be slaughtered only when they can bear no more calves.
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primarily for a certain combination of aggression, energy, strength and stamina. In order to preserve their natural traits, during breeding the bulls rarely encounter
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The females are more thoroughly tested, including by a bullfighter with his capes; hence a bull's "courage" is often said to descend from his mother.
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328:. The red coloring is traditional and is believed to both conceal blood stains and provide a suitable light-dark contrast against the arena floor.
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on April 30, 1849. The Miura derives from five historic lines of
Spanish bull: the Gallardo, Cabrera, Navarra, Veragua, and Vistahermosa-Parladé.
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to turn his back on a Miura. Miura bulls have been referred to as individualists, each bull seemingly possessing a strong personal character.
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251:. Although the actual origins are disputed, genetic studies have indicated that the breeding stock have an unusually old genetic pool.
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Bulls from the Miura lineage have a reputation for being large, fierce, and cunning. It is said to be especially dangerous for a
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where it took root during colonial rule, as well as parts of
Southern France, where bullfighting spread during the 19th century.
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For the males, this establishes if they are suitable for breeding, the bullfight, or slaughter for meat. The testing for the
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698:"Real Decreto 145/1996, de 2 de febrero, por el que se modifica y da nueva redacción al Reglamento de Espectáculos Taurinos"
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613:. Miguel A. García Dory, Silvio Martínez Vicente y Fernando Orozco Piñán. Alianza Editorial, 1990, Madrid. Página 228.
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496:) is known for producing large and difficult fighting bulls. A Miura bull debuted in
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In May 2010, Spanish scientists cloned the breed for the first time. The calf, named
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At three years old males are no longer considered calves; they are known as
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The aggression of the bull has been maintained (or augmented, see above) by
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injuries and even death of the bulls, at great cost to their breeders.
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Beef: The Untold Story of How Milk, Meat, and Muscle Shaped the World.
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Beef: The Untold Story of How Milk, Meat, and Muscle Shaped the World.
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Death and money in the afternoon: a history of the
Spanish bullfight
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A Spanish
Fighting Bull. Breed: Vegahermosa. Feria de Córdoba 2009
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The fighting bull is considered a symbol of Spain as in this
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Fighting cattle are bred on wide-ranging ranches in Spain's
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Some commentators trace the origins of the fighting bull to
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886:(Illustrated ed.). MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company.
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281:, was cloned from a bull named Vasito and implanted in a
30:"Toro Bravo" redirects here. For the restaurant, see
865:(Illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press US.
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Spain of the
Spanish (Countries and Peoples Series)
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1480:People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA)
143:A Spanish Fighting Bull in Seville in April 2009.
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672:Club Taurino of London. November–December 1996.
611:Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas
258:and has come to be popular among the people of
27:Cattle breed used in bull fights and spectacles
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741:. Ganadería Miura. Archived 24 August 2018.
217:, and if so, never encounter them on foot.
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415:A very few times each year a bull will be
559:survived 24 jabs with the lance from the
396:and are ready for bullfighting, although
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1437:Museo Municipal Taurino Francisco Montes
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340:Breeding of Spanish fighting bulls near
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565:in a fight on 5 October, 1879, against
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880:Grühsem, Stephan; Vann, Peter (2006).
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681:Fraser, Dr Evan & Rimas, Andrew.
247:and their use for arena games in the
185:) population. It is exclusively bred
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65:adding citations to reliable sources
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788:. September 8, 1947. Archived from
504:Fernández until his death in 1917.
24:
1650:Cattle breeds originating in Spain
883:Lamborghini Today: A Tempo Furioso
646:"Spain clones first fighting bull"
400:are for training bullfighters, or
302:"athletic" look, with a prominent
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1432:California Academy of Tauromaquia
629:Fraser, Evan & Rimas, Andrew.
209:is organized. Fighting bulls are
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848:Villiers-Wardell, Janie (1914).
782:"PLAIN PEOPLE: The Best Is Dead"
670:'The Foundational Bull Ranches.'
431:A Miura bull charges at matador
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854:. The University of California.
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758:. July 11, 1932. Archived from
752:"Animals: Pamplona's Encierros"
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52:needs additional citations for
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404:. The best bulls are kept for
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1294:List of female bullfighters
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687:Harper Collins, London 2009
635:Harper Collins, London 2009
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354:Osborne road advertisement
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859:Shubert, Adrian (2001).
810:Villiers-Wardell, p. 117
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189:on extensive estates in
590:and killed bullfighter
76:"Spanish Fighting Bull"
32:Toro Bravo (restaurant)
1526:The Story of Ferdinand
1465:Anti-Bullfighting City
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289:Breed characteristics
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149:Spanish Fighting Bull
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18:Spanish fighting bull
1289:List of bullfighters
1010:Running of the bulls
484:37.59637°N 5.47804°W
221:History of the breed
61:improve this article
594:on August 28, 1947.
575:Coso de los califas
480: /
457:in the province of
1533:Ferdinand the Bull
726:2010-05-26 at the
702:Noticias Jurídicas
664:Richardson, Jock.
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762:on March 16, 2008
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960:Bull-leaping
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59:Please help
54:verification
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1264:Rodeo clown
1244:Bullfighter
487: /
1639:Categories
1624:Wiktionary
1355:Portuguese
1345:Mozambican
1313:By country
1273:Individual
1259:Rejoneador
1181:Murciélago
1176:Miura bull
1096:Mozambique
1059:by country
1000:Jallikattu
953:and events
823:, tomo3: "
707:2017-09-06
666:La Divisa,
599:References
557:Murciélago
508:Reputation
472:37°35′47″N
408:with full
402:novilleros
398:novilladas
241:wild bulls
187:free-range
182:Bos taurus
153:Toro Bravo
87:newspapers
1541:Ferdinand
1520:(musical)
1475:Equanimal
1387:Equipment
1330:Colombian
1121:Venezuela
1066:Argentina
1057:Bullrings
1040:Vaquejada
970:Corraleja
821:Los Toros
573:, at the
475:5°28′41″W
463:Andalucia
417:indultado
380:bullfight
342:Salamanca
279:Valencian
243:from the
232:ganadería
1603:Category
1365:Romanian
1350:Peruvian
1320:American
1212:Lusitano
1106:Portugal
1071:Colombia
902:See also
819:Cossío,
724:Archived
592:Manolete
567:Rafael "
534:stock...
439:bullring
433:El Fandi
410:matadors
394:novillos
304:morrillo
283:Friesian
264:Portugal
211:selected
195:Portugal
171:) is an
1614:Commons
1552:Related
1399:Montera
1370:Spanish
1340:Mexican
1325:British
1282:By name
1254:Picador
1249:Forcado
1150:Animals
1116:Uruguay
1091:Morocco
1076:Ecuador
995:Guanniu
796:May 12,
766:May 12,
562:picador
529:wrote:
514:matador
459:Seville
437:Seville
435:at the
369:branded
363:dehesas
173:Iberian
101:scholar
1543:(film)
1535:(film)
1404:Muleta
1335:French
1225:People
1200:Horses
1171:Islero
1086:Mexico
1081:France
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739:Origen
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585:Islero
498:Madrid
373:tienta
332:Growth
325:muleta
215:humans
199:France
177:cattle
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1584:Rodeo
1505:Books
1500:Films
1493:Media
1394:Estoc
1232:Roles
1191:Ratón
1158:Bulls
1111:Spain
1049:Sites
1020:Tōgyū
668:103,
588:gored
549:brand
461:, in
445:Miura
423:Miura
312:Miura
260:Spain
191:Spain
108:JSTOR
94:books
1101:Peru
888:ISBN
867:ISBN
829:ISBN
798:2010
786:Time
768:2010
756:Time
615:ISBN
547:The
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