1799:
1782:
2248:
2108:
2343:
1852:
1956:
1599:
67:
27:
2099:, of which Sonoratown forms a portion, is a neglected district . . . . Most of the houses are tenements, often a family of eight living, eating, sleeping and trying to be very decent in two, sometimes three, very small rooms. . . . Why even suggest that Sonoratown is to be the future abode of this evil?"
2182:
will virtually obliterate the old-time
Spanish characteristics of the quarter, and Sonoratown will have to seek a new name. It is one of the most eligibly situated, most central and most accessible sections of the city for business purposes, and if the tumble-down adobes and questioned titles had not
2195:
the wickedness and sin are . . . vicious, there is little restraining or uplifting influence there, and the whole thing is packed so closely together that it is impossible for girl or boy, young man or maiden, or for even the little tots hardly able to navigate themselves, to escape seeing, hearing,
2387:
Merchants doing business with
Mexicans, especially those in Sonoratown, as Los Angeles' picturesque Mexican section is sometimes called, suffered considerable loss in business as a result of the wholesale departures. In regrettable instances, far too numerous, human vultures preyed upon the simple
2006:
The procession was very large and fully equalled in numbers and enthusiasm those of previous years, and in the splendor of the decorations was never approached. The triumphal cars were models of good taste and elicited universal admiration. . . . Our lack of knowledge of the
Spanish language . . .
1840:
Anyone interested in the scientific method of teaching children "through doing" can visit the school . . . . There will be found a number of very little people, whose dark skin, black eyes and hair in many cases attest to their foreign birth or parentage. The
American language is to many of them a
2333:
said that police agents "have attended every meeting and a complete record of the incendiary utterances are in the files of the department. . . . No
Mexicans were arrested yesterday. The embargo against the purchase of guns by them is complete, and the saloons . . . have discouraged the Mexican
1671:
However it was also recognized as a historic site; a 1914 guidebook to Los
Angeles told tourists, “Some of the homes are old adobe houses that have stood there since the town was young. Sometimes an old adobe is back in a yard, almost out of sight, sometimes it has been so freshened by paint or
2046:
the neighborhood had "almost fallen into its last sleep with the crumbling of age," but it "shook itself wide awake" that year to celebrate with "gay music, pretty señoritas, enthusiastic speeches and stirring gunpowder salutes" during a two-day celebration which included a dance, a concert and
1872:
thought the price of $ 41,000 to be excessive because of its "location in the heart of crowded
Sonoratown." The hospital was forty years old at the time, "with twenty-six small rooms, poorly ventilated and lighted by one small window each. There is no plumbing, and the building is in a state of
1885:
The location is anything but desirable. . . . In this place there is absolutely no incentive to a higher or better sphere of life. I would be as particular in selecting a home for these unfortunate children as for my own. I should not care to have my children brought up in the slums of a great
1918:
opened a building at 608 North Main Street on August 1, 1907, "for the attendance of the
Spanish and Mexican population of Los Angeles." The work was "visiting families, those in sickness or sorrow, holding nightly meetings and making the mission a center of family gatherings Sunday school."
2000:
At an early hour in the morning people from the country began to pour into the city on foot and on horseback, in carriages, wagons and by every conceivable vehicle; and, by noon, the space in the neighborhood of the Buena Vista Street Plaza . . . was literally packed and presented a gala
2212:
Disease lurks at the threshold of these miserable hovels called "homes." Fifteen people are crowded into some of these shacks, where children manage to drag through their sad little lives, despite their uncared for condition and the stifling and fetid air they are compelled to
2388:
Mexican folk and got from them for the proverbial "song" their equities in properties, both real and personal. Many
Mexicans left behind all of their worldly possessions in liberal payment for rent and other bills they had unavoidably incurred because of unemployment.
2115:
Sonoratown was noted in the 1880s and 1890s as an "eyesore" with "tumble-down adobes" and "crumbling walls." It had "unmistakable signs of decay" and more than once was denominated as "the seamy side" of Los
Angeles. One of the problems in the city's enforcement of
3443:
2095:, and a suggestion was made that the women "be removed" and settled in "Sonoratown and the district east of the present quarters." "Why choose Sonoratown or any other congested district of our city?" a letter signed M.F. asked on September 4. "The
2229:
Although it is not generally known that Los Angeles has a slum district, there are in that part of the city known as Sonoratown hundreds of unfortunates who live in squalor in the insanitary and poorly ventilated courts erected by greedy property
2267:
reported: "Policeman Koengherm says that he saw a Mexican named Rafael Adams press a pistol against the back of Policeman Brown, and Koengherm shot Adams dead before the latter could pull the trigger." The names were given in the
2354:
More than two hundred men were arrested in a U.S. and city government "work or jail" swoop on the Plaza on August 29, 1918. ("Most of the men taken were Mexicans.") They were offered employment picking beets or working in the
1938:
Three years later, nurse Emelie Lutz was living at the center at $ 50 a month, with two other workers, Mary Waugh and Maude Foster. Some two hundred problems involving sanitary conditions were investigated each month by the
2196:
almost breathing the horrors that blight their lives, warp their understanding, stunt their physical development and make of them the kind of material with which penitentiaries, reform schools, and jails are fed.
1846:
The Dobinson School of Expression and Dramatic Art presented a children's operetta in July 1905 under the auspices of the Castelar Street and Solano Avenue Child Study circles to raise funds for a playground in
3450:
2320:
districts asking that they refrain from displaying revolvers, pistols, knives and other weapons in their show windows. In addition to this, the chief has asked the dealers not to sell or trade firearms to
2287:
ordered the arrest of every armed person in the vicinity of the Plaza. . . . The Plaza is heavily guarded today, and pedestrians are kept moving. No further meetings will be allowed, according to orders.
971:
1377:
2148:
As early as 1883, some of the existing adobe houses were "pulled down . . . to be replaced by fine brick stores. . . . It is to be hoped that the early future will see all the adobes along upper
2163:"Sonoratown, that has been dead so long, is coming to life in good earnest this spring. . . . Many of the largest property-owners have been working in a quiet way for the destruction of the old
1639:
1732:
A 1914 description placed it “north of the old Plaza and Church of Our Lady of the Angeles the ancient cemetery where many of the early Spanish settlers are buried,” meaning the
3436:
2144:. After acquiring what was supposed to be a good title there was no telling when some wandering boy, who had not been included in the deal, might turn up and ask his share.
1931:
was appointed sanitary inspector by the city on May 15, 1895, without pay, to assist the settlement association. The city's Board of Health at the same meeting asked the
2312:
To minimize the possibilities of an uprising of Mexican residents of Sonoratown, Chief Sebastian has issued an order to pawnbrokers and other dealers in firearms in the
2313:
1864:
In 1909, a citizens' committee was reported to favor the purchase of the "old French Hospital" in Sonoratown and renovate it as "a detention home for children," but
1632:
2208:
appointed a committee "to investigate the so-called 'slums' of Los Angeles and check these growing evils. They are striving to make 'the model city' a reality."
1733:
1878:
1690:
There were significant populations of French and especially Italian heritage, which were almost entirely dispersed in the course of postwar suburbanization.
1473:
3397:
Interview with Ygnacio Francisco de la Cruz Garcia, age 104, who arrived in Sonoratown in 1825 when "there were but eleven houses, all adobe," in the city.
2091:
In August 1895, City Council members and police commissioners met in secret session to discuss what should be done about prostitution being carried out on
1625:
1307:
976:
1798:
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2222:
2263:
On December 25, 1913, (Christmas Day) unemployed people held a rally in the Plaza, which was broken up by police force. One person was killed. The
2007:
precludes our giving any report of the orations of Messrs. Del Valle and Oblanda, the orators of the day. The day's festivities were concluded by a
3774:
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2056:
1928:
1781:
3744:
1865:
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The police closed nearby saloons "and posted guards wherever other street meetings might be likely." They then raided the headquarters of the
2061:
In October 1882 the City Council received two "numerously signed petitions" from "residents living up near the depot, for the removal of the
1773:, held 3,036 people, the greatest population of all the precincts in Los Angeles. In 1934, it was "the center of a great Mexican population."
2764:
1820:
On investigation the ladies find that they will have to make considerable additions to the building to accommodate the little ones, and Mrs.
1455:
2499:
2008:
2096:
1959:"Among the folks who will dance during the week of entertainment are (left to right) Soledad Jiminez, Rafael Valverde and Jovita Garcia."
3553:
1441:
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3543:
1811:, was planned for "the Binford property" in Sonoratown in 1882 when the owner, G.E. Long, sold it to a group of women for $ 2,100. The
501:
2620:
3701:
1000:
478:
451:
2247:
1869:
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1214:
483:
233:
1802:
Children and leaders who raised funds to build a playground in Sonoratown with an operetta called "A Trip to Europe," July 1905
1434:
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489:
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1468:
338:
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1314:
393:
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2204:. . . near Buena Vista Street medical college and to abolish the word 'slum' from the history of Los Angeles." Mayor
1824:
has very generously offered to assist the ladies in raising the necessary amount by giving a concert in this behalf.
3729:
2379:, thousands of Mexican nationals returned or were sent back to their native country. Some of the cost was borne by
2028:
1573:
1342:
3259:"Figures in Yesterday's Riot at Plaza" and "The Dead and Injured in Yesterday's Riots," image 9, December 26, 1913
864:
3528:
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1668:
drug raids in Sonoratown, in which police raided two "dream gardens" and confiscated a wagonload of the product.
1321:
857:
523:
2425:
3613:
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1821:
808:
3710:
3593:
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1578:
794:
403:
1741:
1080:
3769:
3578:
3558:
3361:
3299:
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3143:
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2903:
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2827:
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148:
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3128:
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413:
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1224:
822:
767:
368:
195:
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1932:
1829:
1021:
318:
248:
3663:
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3518:
2149:
2069:
2012:
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1737:
1568:
1525:
1257:
829:
681:
238:
1204:
373:
3715:
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3228:
3213:
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1968:
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in the mid 1800s. Many settled there after having made their way to northern California during the
1014:
898:
610:
363:
268:
175:
3243:
2798:"Protests Follow Proposal to Buy French Hospital for Detention Home for Juvenile Court Children,"
2780:"Group of Children Who Took Part in Entertainment to Raise Money for a Playground in Sonoratown,"
418:
313:
3563:
3381:
Nathan Masters, "History & Society: Photos: Aliso Street, Before It Became the 101 Freeway,"
2604:
Nathan Masters, "History & Society: Photos: Aliso Street, Before It Became the 101 Freeway,"
1851:
1725:. It was centered on First and Aliso streets (Aliso ran approximately along the route of today's
1563:
1186:
1045:
912:
223:
3407:
Interview with Sonoratown old-timer Samuel Christopher Carlson, who said he was a son of outlaw
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2545:
Nathan Masters, "A Brief History of Sonoratown, L.A.'s Lost Barrio," KCET.org, January 18, 2012
2456:. Los Angeles (Calif.): Getty conservation institute and the J. Paul Getty museum. p. 54.
2251:
Radical Amando M. Ojeda, top, and policeman Alfred Koenigheim, with fanciful sketches from the
1714:
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Thousands lined the streets on January 2, 1913, to watch a funeral procession for Adams, and
2205:
1904:
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1399:
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2329:, in March 1916 organized a special police force to watch the situation in Sonoratown. The
1209:
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3618:
3598:
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2084:
in that section, it is no longer the general rendezvous for youth on the downward grade of
2077:
1915:
1722:
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1657:
1603:
1349:
1123:
760:
512:
378:
333:
273:
253:
20:
3421:
After a lengthy hearing and many witnesses, the Board of Police Commissioners revokes the
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8:
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1976:
1908:
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600:
562:
433:
383:
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3628:
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2478:
2398:
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2293:
2117:
1992:
1980:
1300:
1176:
1075:
729:
724:
529:
353:
328:
218:
170:
110:
90:
1955:
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2640:
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1972:
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1363:
303:
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39:
35:
567:
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2632:
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2239:
Between 1913 and 1919, Sonoratown was faced with civil unrest and police activity.
2156:
2121:
1900:
1896:
1763:
1740:
from Temple Street to the Old Plaza, where it meets Chinatown on the northeast and
1181:
1007:
948:
815:
787:
676:
517:
428:
288:
66:
2383:, which spent $ 77,000 to send six thousand "destitute public charges" to Mexico.
1832:
appropriated $ 7,337 to build a schoolhouse in Sonoratown., and in 1895 a charity
2529:
1984:
1940:
953:
931:
850:
638:
572:
472:
278:
228:
213:
2159:, the Plaza had been improved and Main Street had been opened, so, according to
3425:
of the "notorious Adobe saloon," the "storm center for rowdyism in Sonoratown."
3422:
2201:
2137:
2133:
2092:
2035:
which was finished with "literary exercises" from a stand built by the side of
1841:
sealed book, for they are Spanish, Mexican, Italian, Arabian and French . . . .
1252:
1128:
1050:
753:
734:
165:
3158:
3000:
2531:
Standard Guide to Los Angeles, San Diego, and the Panama-California Exposition
3758:
3346:
2644:
2218:
1328:
1065:
1040:
577:
2636:
1675:
In the early 1900s the Mexican community began to disappear as that part of
2264:
2016:
1944:
1833:
1759:
1713:
Later, the Sonoratown neighborhood encompassed the area which later became
1247:
1219:
1138:
1070:
891:
836:
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633:
507:
308:
2688:
R.H. Titus, "Los Angeles Population Center at Seventh and Main Streets,"
2183:
cursed it, it would long ago have been occupied fully by modern buildings.
2200:
In 1908, efforts were being made to "do away with the wretched so-called
2129:
2081:
1726:
1242:
1118:
1055:
628:
466:
30:
A portion of Sonoratown is in the forefront of this 1876 photo, with the
3458:
2621:"Digging up the Remains of Early Los Angeles: The Plaza Church Cemetery"
1652:
Sonoratown was home to many migrants from the northern Mexican state of
3588:
3408:
2350:
in August 1918 by government agents seeking workers for the war effort.
2085:
2036:
1856:
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whitewash as to be hardly recognized, but a sharp eye will find them.”
1503:
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323:
180:
31:
2283:
During the fighting a dozen arrests were made, and later Police Chief
2279:
and "found the dead body of Adams . . . and several injured rioters."
2132:
are very complicated; and of the heirs of an estate, some might be in
1698:
The settlement which became Sonoratown was established in 1732 on the
1664:
as more and more settlers arrived. In 1914 occurred one of the first
3471:
Post-colonial placenames; for settlements of indigenous peoples, see
2363:. "Wives besieged the jail seeking to have their husbands released."
2360:
2356:
2334:
trade and refuse to sell any Mexican more than one drink at a time."
2168:
1808:
1665:
884:
691:
3401:"Kit Carson's Son; a 'Character' Now Living in a Sonoratown Adobe,"
298:
1498:
1171:
1060:
671:
100:
1903:, was established in February 1894 on Buena Vista Street (today's
1836:
was established by the Los Angeles Free Kindergarten Association.
582:
2813:"Modern Portia Seeks Supreme Court Fight With Unwilling Lawyer,"
2141:
2062:
605:
105:
95:
54:
2167:
buildings, and the erection in their stead of good, substantial
1133:
26:
2032:
1707:
1699:
1653:
1513:
115:
1859:
was built in 1869 and by 1909 it was outmoded and up for sale.
2164:
398:
3362:
Harry Carr, "Ambition of Joe Rivers to See the 'Cossacks,'"
2658:
Timothy G. Turner, "Most Interesting Place in Los Angeles,"
1935:
to print circulars in Spanish "giving the sanitary rules."
1703:
1661:
408:
2500:"The nation's first marijuana raid likely happened in LA"
2020:
2919:"Los Angeles Mexicans to Celebrate Their Independence,"
3129:
Joseph D. Lynch, "Spanish Pueblo to Great Metropolis,"
2949:"Local News; The Celebration of Mexican Independence,"
3244:
Associated Press, "Christmas Rioting in Los Angeles,"
1971:
in Sonoratown every year. In 1880 the speakers at the
3300:"Organizes for City Safety," March 15, 1916, image 14
2964:"Sonoratown All Gayety," September 28, 1901, image 14
1736:. A 1924 description said that Sonoratown ran "along
3044:
3042:
2426:"Sonoratown: Downtown L.A.'s Forgotten Neighborhood"
1950:
3152:
3084:Marian de Crequy, "The Seamy Side of Los Angeles,"
2155:By 1887, "nearly all" the property titles had been
2453:El pueblo : the historic heart of Los Angeles
2102:
3342:
3340:
3039:
2793:
2791:
2027:In 1888 the festivities began on a Sunday at the
3756:
2556:"History; The Principal Events in Los Angeles,"
2111:Deteriorating adobe homes in Sonoratown, 1920s.
1679:became a desirable industrial center, with many
3285:"Police Issue Warning to Dealers in Firearms,"
2651:
2569:
2567:
2057:Prostitution in Los Angeles in the 19th century
3337:
3024:
2858:"Will Open New Rescue Mission in Sonoratown,"
2788:
2346:Unemployed or idle men were rounded up in the
2221:told a special meeting called by civic leader
1769:The Sonoratown precinct, as enumerated by the
3444:
3329:"Most of 300 Jailed in Raid Decide to Work,"
3314:"Round Up Two Hundred in Work-or-Jail Raid,"
2990:"Youthful Depravity," April 21, 1890, image 3
2714:
2712:
2589:Myrtle Gebhart, "Backwater in City Current,"
1633:
3172:
3170:
2666:
2597:
2564:
2483:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3209:
3207:
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3203:
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3307:
3214:United Press, "Gory Riot in Los Angeles,"
2836:
2709:
2582:
1752:In 1888, writer Lola Gitt reported in the
1640:
1626:
3167:
3092:
3057:
2745:
2743:
2549:
2419:
2417:
2415:
1793:
3415:"No More Carousing in 'Toughest Dive,'"
3200:
3072:
2702:Chapin Hall, "Downtown Travel Rambles,"
2578:Los Angeles, September 14, 1880, image 3
2341:
2272:as Rafael Adames and Alfred Koenigheim.
2246:
2106:
1954:
1850:
1797:
1780:
1776:
1001:Borderlands/La Frontera: The New Mestiza
25:
3775:Mexican-American culture in Los Angeles
3304:
3177:"To Abolish Courts in Old Sonoratown,"
2897:
2574:"Celebration of Mexican Independence,"
2065:which have been opened in Sonoratown."
1870:Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors
1215:Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts
3757:
3333:Los Angeles, August 30, 1918, image 10
3001:"At the City Hall: A Secret Session,"
2740:
2618:
2497:
2450:Ball, Jean Bruce Poole, Tevvy (2002).
2412:
2152:replaced by handsome brick edifices."
1890:
3432:
2498:Dudley, Elyssa (September 19, 2014).
2359:as part of the war effort during the
2299:
3192:"Pledge 3 Houses to Replace Hovels,
2843:"Local Clubs; College Settlements,"
2619:Hackel, Steven W. (March 19, 2012).
2524:
2522:
2449:
982:UCLA Chicano Studies Research Center
3347:Joseph M. Park, "The Repatriados,"
2443:
2423:
2080:, but since the suppression of the
2076:that Sonoratown was "noted for its
1378:DHS v. Regents of the Univ. of Cal.
1315:Espinoza v. Farah Manufacturing Co.
13:
2255:of Christmas Day agitation in the
1967:Residents and visitors celebrated
1785:The Hidalgo Theater in Sonoratown
844:The Revolt of the Cockroach People
14:
3786:
3765:Districts of Downtown Los Angeles
3374:
2519:
2392:
1951:Mexican independence celebrations
1683:. Later it was replaced with the
3351:April 24, 1932, images 91 and 92
3216:The Petaluma (California) Argus,
2505:Southern California Public Radio
2217:In 1910, City Council President
1762:, contains a good sprinkling of
1597:
65:
3355:
3322:
3293:
3278:
3263:
3252:
3246:Lead (South Dakota) Daily Call,
3237:
3231:Monterey (California) American,
3229:"Serious Riot in Los Angeles,"
3222:
3185:
3137:
3122:
3107:
3009:
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2983:
2968:
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2758:
2725:
2696:
2681:
2612:
2366:
2277:Industrial Workers of the World
2242:
2234:
2103:Deterioration and redevelopment
2050:
1308:San Antonio I.S.D. v. Rodriguez
234:California agricultural strikes
34:in the center, the old Mexican
3461:Los Angeles County, California
2538:
2491:
2337:
2191:reporter wrote of Sonoratown:
1758:that "Sonoratown, the Mexican
809:From This Wicked Patch of Dust
1:
2625:Southern California Quarterly
2405:
1975:included Joaquin Villalobos,
1747:
1660:. The neighborhood became a
865:...y no se lo tragĂł la tierra
404:Occupation of Catalina Island
2675:Los Angeles Evening Express,
2558:Los Angeles Evening Express,
2068:In 1890, a Los Angeles city
2031:, followed on Monday with a
1877:Committee member and lawyer
1693:
1521:Indigenous Mexican Americans
1225:Self Help Graphics & Art
42:to the east in the distance.
7:
3366:November 30, 1911, image 32
2953:September 14, 1888, image 1
2938:September 17, 1881, image 3
2889:"Some More Oil Well Talk,"
2815:The San Francisco Examiner,
2662:February 24, 1924, image 55
2593:September 9, 1923, image 41
2097:Second Ward of Los Angeles
1755:Los Angeles Evening Express
823:The Dirty Girls Social Club
196:Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
10:
3791:
3248:December 26, 1913, image 1
3233:December 26, 1913, image 1
3218:December 26, 1913, image 4
3099:"Seamy Side of the City,"
3049:"Good-bye, 'Sonoratown,'"
3020:September 4, 1895, image 6
2951:LLos Angeles Daily Herald,
2828:"The College Settlement,"
2817:December 27, 1907, image 3
2765:Classified advertisement,
2534:. Press Association. 1914.
2054:
2042:By 1901, according to the
1830:Los Angeles Common Council
1022:This Bridge Called My Back
768:Who Would Have Thought It?
3723:
3696:
3652:
3481:
3467:
3403:Los Angeles Sunday Times,
3318:August 30, 1918, image 13
3181:February 3, 1908, image 6
2923:August 24, 1921, image 17
2832:November 7, 1894, image 2
2591:Los Angeles Sunday Times,
2401:(born Jose Ybarra), boxer
2375:, with the advent of the
2178:editorial said the plans
2120:was the lack of adequate
1963:caption, August 24, 1921.
1922:
1526:Punjabi Mexican Americans
1258:Great Wall of Los Angeles
830:The House on Mango Street
682:Mexican-American folklore
414:Plan Espiritual de Aztlán
239:Cantaloupe strike of 1928
3387:Photographs and history.
3159:"Sonoratown Redivivus,"
3005:August 31, 1895, image 6
2979:October 1, 1882, image 4
2908:August 19, 1895, image 2
2904:"The Casa de Castelar,"
2847:April 25, 1897, image 25
2734:Los Angeles Daily Times,
2720:Los Angeles Daily Times,
2706:May 13, 1934, image 105]
2296:were sung at his grave.
2044:Los Angeles Daily Times,
2015:and a number of private
1969:Mexican Independence Day
1604:United States portal
1015:The Church in the Barrio
875:Poetry and Short Stories
611:Mexican-American cuisine
452:1985–1987 cannery strike
3289:April 24, 1914, image 8
3196:March 5, 1910, image 16
3118:April 13, 1882, image 2
3068:April 6, 1890, image 12
3035:April 13, 1882, image 2
2862:August 1, 1907, image 4
2784:July 12, 1905, image 11
2750:"For the Little Ones,"
2722:March 4, 1882, image 3]
2637:10.1525/scq.2012.94.1.5
1813:Los Angeles Daily Times
1343:Flores-Figueroa v. U.S.
1187:Royal Chicano Air Force
1046:Coyolxauhqui imperative
858:Under the Feet of Jesus
3459:Former settlements of
3148:May 18, 1908, image 10
3144:"25 Years Ago Today,"
3133:May 14, 1905, image 26
3103:July 30, 1895, image 1
3088:July 25, 1895, image 1
2893:May 16, 1895, image 11
2877:May 16, 1895, image 12
2873:"The Public Service,"
2802:May 27, 1909, image 10
2769:June 3, 1909, image 24
2754:June 27, 1896, image 9
2736:June 25, 1882, image 3
2692:May 21, 1911, image 89
2677:June 23, 1888, image 3
2673:"Our Beautiful City,"
2390:
2351:
2323:
2290:
2260:
2232:
2215:
2198:
2185:
2146:
2112:
2072:named Wright told the
2047:"literary exercises."
2025:
2003:
1964:
1911:alumnae organization.
1888:
1860:
1843:
1828:On June 25, 1882, the
1826:
1803:
1794:Children and education
1790:
1322:U.S. v. Brignoni-Ponce
1205:Centro de Arte PĂşblico
1167:East Los Streetscapers
906:Pensamiento Serpentino
496:Great American Boycott
374:Las Adelitas de Aztlán
344:Conferencia de Mujeres
132:Anti-Mexican sentiment
43:
19:was a neighborhood of
3716:Widow Smith's Station
3163:June 5 1887, image 1
3053:June 5, 1887, image 4
2732:"Municipal Matters,'
2385:
2345:
2310:
2281:
2250:
2227:
2210:
2193:
2180:
2126:
2110:
2004:
1998:
1958:
1883:
1854:
1838:
1818:
1801:
1784:
1777:Community development
1734:Plaza Church Cemetery
1400:Madrigal v. Quilligan
1357:Mendez v. Westminster
1294:Botiller v. Dominguez
1086:Youth control complex
462:2019 El Paso shooting
419:Plan de Santa Bárbara
314:CatĂłlicos por La Raza
244:Citrus Strike of 1936
186:San Elizario Salt War
157:Early-American Period
29:
3730:Los Angeles Township
3287:Los Angeles Express,
3272:The Sacramento Star,
3146:Los Angeles Express,
3016:"The Tough Problem"
2921:Los Angeles Express,
2906:The Evening Express,
2830:Los Angeles Express,
2718:"The Orphans' Home,
2576:The Evening Express,
2325:A new police chief,
2285:Charles E. Sebastian
2128:The Mexican laws of
2124:for all properties.
1916:Union Rescue Mission
1907:) by women from the
1879:Philaletha Michelsen
1807:An orphans home, or
1677:Downtown Los Angeles
1350:Leal Garcia v. Texas
972:MAS Programs, Tucson
761:Living Up the Street
513:Justice for Janitors
379:Los Siete de la Raza
334:Colegio César Chávez
254:Mexican Repatriation
205:Pre-Chicano Movement
176:Mexican–American War
38:on the left and the
21:downtown Los Angeles
3770:Central Los Angeles
3270:"Parade to Grave,"
3194:Los Angeles Herald,
3179:Los Angeles Herald,
3131:Los Angeles Herald,
3116:Los Angeles Herald,
3114:"Municipal Wants,"
3033:Los Angeles Herald,
3031:"Municipal Wants,"
2936:Los Angeles Herald,
2934:"El Dia Glorioso,"
2891:Los Angeles Herald,
2860:Los Angeles Herald,
2845:Los Angeles Herald,
2800:Los Angeles Herald,
2782:Los Angeles Herald,
2327:Clarence E. Snively
2308:heated up in 1914,
2294:revolutionary songs
1977:Eulogio F. de Celis
1909:Los Angeles College
1891:Social service work
1855:French Hospital in
1771:1910 federal census
1744:on the northwest."
1389:Federal Court cases
1283:Supreme Court cases
601:New Mexican cuisine
563:Abrazos, no balazos
484:Chicano Art Exhibit
457:1992 Drywall Strike
443:Post-Chicano Period
434:United Farm Workers
384:Los Seis de Boulder
369:Land grant struggle
359:Hijas de Cuauhtémoc
274:Sleepy Lagoon trial
49:Part of a series on
3614:Victorian Downtown
3417:Los Angeles Times,
3393:Los Angeles Times,
3364:Los Angeles Times,
3349:Los Angeles Times,
3316:Los Angeles Times,
3161:Los Angeles Times,
3066:Los Angeles Times,
3051:Los Angeles Times,
3018:Los Angeles Times,
3003:Los Angeles Times,
2977:Los Angeles Times,
2875:Los Angeles Times,
2767:Los Angeles Times,
2752:Los Angeles Times,
2704:Los Angeles Times,
2690:Los Angeles Times,
2660:Los Angeles Times,
2399:Mexican Joe Rivers
2381:Los Angeles County
2352:
2306:Mexican Revolution
2300:Mexican Revolution
2261:
2118:building standards
2113:
2063:houses of ill fame
1993:Los Angeles Herald
1990:The next year the
1981:Antonio F. Coronel
1965:
1943:. There were also
1868:, chairman of the
1861:
1804:
1791:
1787:(Los Angeles Times
1425:Population by City
1301:Hernandez v. Texas
1210:GalerĂa de la Raza
1177:Mujeres Muralistas
1076:Spiritual activism
730:Chicano literature
725:Chicana literature
530:South Central Farm
354:East L.A. walkouts
329:Chicano Moratorium
219:Bisbee Deportation
171:Las Gorras Blancas
44:
3752:
3751:
3735:San Jose Township
3699:Stagecoach stops:
3594:Palisades Del Rey
3475:
3391:"104 Years Old,"
2424:Masters, Nathan.
2348:Los Angeles Plaza
2331:Los Angeles Times
2270:Los Angeles Times
2257:Los Angeles Plaza
2253:Los Angeles Times
2074:Los Angeles Times
2033:street procession
1961:Los Angeles Times
1738:North Main Street
1717:and included the
1650:
1649:
1587:
1586:
1569:Mexican Americans
1534:
1533:
1474:Dallas–Fort Worth
1409:
1408:
1371:Perez v. Brownell
1364:Bernal v. Fainter
1336:MedellĂn v. Texas
1266:
1265:
1196:Art organizations
1094:
1093:
922:
921:
899:Moment of Silence
700:
699:
538:
537:
304:Black-brown unity
269:Porvenir Massacre
264:Plan de San Diego
259:Operation Wetback
139:
138:
59:Mexican Americans
40:Los Angeles River
3782:
3740:Soledad Township
3559:Malibu Mar Vista
3470:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3430:
3429:
3368:
3359:
3353:
3344:
3335:
3331:Evening Express,
3326:
3320:
3311:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3282:
3276:
3267:
3261:
3256:
3250:
3241:
3235:
3226:
3220:
3211:
3198:
3189:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3156:
3150:
3141:
3135:
3126:
3120:
3111:
3105:
3096:
3090:
3081:
3070:
3061:
3055:
3046:
3037:
3028:
3022:
3013:
3007:
2998:
2992:
2987:
2981:
2972:
2966:
2961:
2955:
2946:
2940:
2931:
2925:
2916:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2886:
2880:
2870:
2864:
2855:
2849:
2840:
2834:
2825:
2819:
2810:
2804:
2795:
2786:
2777:
2771:
2762:
2756:
2747:
2738:
2729:
2723:
2716:
2707:
2700:
2694:
2685:
2679:
2670:
2664:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2616:
2610:
2601:
2595:
2586:
2580:
2571:
2562:
2553:
2547:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2512:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2482:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2447:
2441:
2440:
2438:
2436:
2421:
2377:Great Depression
1901:Casa de Castelar
1897:settlement house
1642:
1635:
1628:
1602:
1601:
1600:
1547:
1546:
1422:
1421:
1279:
1278:
1182:Teatro Campesino
1107:
1106:
1008:Brown, Not White
949:Chicana feminism
937:
936:
816:Mexican WhiteBoy
788:Bless Me, Ultima
744:Autobiographical
713:
712:
677:Lowrider bicycle
551:
550:
518:Murder of Selena
429:Raza Unida Party
289:Chicano Movement
224:Bloody Christmas
154:
153:
80:
79:
69:
46:
45:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3780:
3779:
3755:
3754:
3753:
3748:
3719:
3692:
3648:
3524:Falling Springs
3484:Old placenames:
3477:
3473:Tongva villages
3463:
3457:
3377:
3372:
3371:
3360:
3356:
3345:
3338:
3327:
3323:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3294:
3283:
3279:
3274:January 2, 1914
3268:
3264:
3257:
3253:
3242:
3238:
3227:
3223:
3212:
3201:
3190:
3186:
3175:
3168:
3157:
3153:
3142:
3138:
3127:
3123:
3112:
3108:
3097:
3093:
3082:
3073:
3062:
3058:
3047:
3040:
3029:
3025:
3014:
3010:
2999:
2995:
2988:
2984:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2958:
2947:
2943:
2932:
2928:
2917:
2913:
2902:
2898:
2887:
2883:
2871:
2867:
2856:
2852:
2841:
2837:
2826:
2822:
2811:
2807:
2796:
2789:
2778:
2774:
2763:
2759:
2748:
2741:
2730:
2726:
2717:
2710:
2701:
2697:
2686:
2682:
2671:
2667:
2656:
2652:
2617:
2613:
2602:
2598:
2587:
2583:
2572:
2565:
2554:
2550:
2543:
2539:
2528:
2527:
2520:
2510:
2508:
2496:
2492:
2476:
2475:
2468:
2466:
2464:
2448:
2444:
2434:
2432:
2422:
2413:
2408:
2395:
2369:
2340:
2302:
2245:
2237:
2223:Helen Mathewson
2105:
2059:
2053:
2013:Turnverein Hall
1985:Henry T. Hazard
1953:
1941:Board of Health
1925:
1893:
1796:
1779:
1750:
1696:
1646:
1598:
1596:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1564:Chicano rappers
1544:
1536:
1535:
1530:
1485:
1419:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1383:
1276:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1229:
1191:
1148:Art Collectives
1143:
1104:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1027:
986:
958:
954:Chicanafuturism
934:
932:Chicano studies
924:
923:
918:
870:
851:So Far from God
773:
739:
710:
702:
701:
696:
648:
615:
606:Tex-Mex cuisine
587:
573:Chicano English
548:
540:
539:
534:
524:Proposition 187
473:Arizona SB 1070
438:
319:Centro Cultural
283:
279:Zoot Suit Riots
229:Bracero program
214:1917 Bath riots
200:
151:
141:
140:
77:
12:
11:
5:
3788:
3778:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3745:Tejon Township
3742:
3737:
3732:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3713:
3708:
3706:King's Station
3697:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3534:Holland Summit
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3482:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3456:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3423:liquor license
3412:
3398:
3388:
3376:
3375:External links
3373:
3370:
3369:
3354:
3336:
3321:
3303:
3292:
3277:
3262:
3251:
3236:
3221:
3199:
3184:
3166:
3151:
3136:
3121:
3106:
3091:
3071:
3056:
3038:
3023:
3008:
2993:
2982:
2967:
2956:
2941:
2926:
2911:
2896:
2881:
2865:
2850:
2835:
2820:
2805:
2787:
2772:
2757:
2739:
2724:
2708:
2695:
2680:
2665:
2650:
2611:
2596:
2581:
2563:
2548:
2537:
2518:
2490:
2462:
2442:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2394:
2393:Notable people
2391:
2368:
2365:
2339:
2336:
2301:
2298:
2244:
2241:
2236:
2233:
2104:
2101:
2093:Alameda Street
2070:humane officer
2052:
2049:
2023:in Sonoratown.
1952:
1949:
1924:
1921:
1905:North Broadway
1892:
1889:
1875:
1874:
1849:
1848:
1817:
1816:
1795:
1792:
1778:
1775:
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1537:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1511:
1509:Nuevomexicanos
1506:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1486:
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1285:
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1260:
1255:
1253:Estrada Courts
1250:
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1212:
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1153:
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1149:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1129:Chicano cinema
1126:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1111:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1051:Gringo justice
1048:
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1037:
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819:
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783:
780:
779:
775:
774:
772:
771:
764:
757:
754:Always Running
749:
746:
745:
741:
740:
738:
737:
735:Chicano poetry
732:
727:
721:
718:
717:
711:
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703:
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689:
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364:Huelga schools
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166:Josefa Segovia
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62:
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51:
50:
23:, California.
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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3717:
3714:
3712:
3711:Lyons Station
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3687:
3685:
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3680:
3677:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3664:Cypress Grove
3662:
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3645:
3642:
3640:
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3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:Old Chinatown
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3569:Mission Acres
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3519:Eldoradoville
3517:
3515:
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3502:
3500:
3497:
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3492:
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3466:
3462:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3442:
3440:
3435:
3434:
3431:
3424:
3420:
3419:June 17, 1903
3418:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3405:July 19, 1885
3404:
3399:
3396:
3395:July 18, 1885
3394:
3389:
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3379:
3378:
3367:
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3325:
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3296:
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3210:
3208:
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3188:
3182:
3180:
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3164:
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3140:
3134:
3132:
3125:
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3117:
3110:
3104:
3102:
3095:
3089:
3087:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3069:
3067:
3064:"Saunterer,"
3060:
3054:
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3036:
3034:
3027:
3021:
3019:
3012:
3006:
3004:
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2986:
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2965:
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2909:
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2863:
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2818:
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2622:
2615:
2609:
2607:
2600:
2594:
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2579:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2561:
2559:
2552:
2546:
2541:
2533:
2532:
2525:
2523:
2507:
2506:
2501:
2494:
2486:
2480:
2465:
2463:9780892366620
2459:
2455:
2454:
2446:
2431:
2427:
2420:
2418:
2416:
2411:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2389:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2371:In the early
2364:
2362:
2358:
2349:
2344:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2322:
2319:
2318:Spring Street
2315:
2309:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2289:
2286:
2280:
2278:
2273:
2271:
2266:
2258:
2254:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2219:John D. Works
2214:
2209:
2207:
2206:Arthur Harper
2203:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2184:
2179:
2177:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2122:title records
2119:
2109:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2064:
2058:
2048:
2045:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2002:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1962:
1957:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1929:Louise Harvey
1920:
1917:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1887:
1882:
1880:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1831:
1825:
1823:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1789:sketch, 1923)
1788:
1783:
1774:
1772:
1767:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1756:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1711:
1709:
1706:) village of
1705:
1701:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1685:New Chinatown
1682:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1643:
1638:
1636:
1631:
1629:
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1594:
1593:
1592:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1559:Chicano poets
1557:
1555:
1554:Chicano films
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1540:
1539:
1527:
1524:
1522:
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1512:
1510:
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1340:
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1330:
1329:Plyler v. Doe
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1188:
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1183:
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1170:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1162:Culture Clash
1160:
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1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
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1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1100:
1099:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1066:New tribalism
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1041:Barrioization
1039:
1038:
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1023:
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1017:
1016:
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1009:
1005:
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998:
997:
995:
994:
990:
989:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
969:
967:
966:
963:Organizations
962:
961:
955:
952:
950:
947:
946:
944:
943:
939:
938:
933:
928:
927:
915:
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839:
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781:
777:
776:
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632:
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627:
626:
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623:
619:
618:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
598:
596:
595:
591:
590:
584:
581:
579:
578:Chicano names
576:
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571:
569:
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564:
561:
560:
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557:
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531:
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211:
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197:
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179:
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145:
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133:
130:
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128:
127:
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81:
73:
72:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
53:
52:
48:
47:
41:
37:
33:
28:
24:
22:
18:
3725:
3698:
3689:Port Ballona
3654:
3603:
3483:
3469:
3416:
3402:
3392:
3382:
3363:
3357:
3348:
3330:
3324:
3315:
3295:
3286:
3280:
3271:
3265:
3254:
3245:
3239:
3230:
3224:
3215:
3193:
3187:
3178:
3160:
3154:
3145:
3139:
3130:
3124:
3115:
3109:
3100:
3094:
3085:
3065:
3059:
3050:
3032:
3026:
3017:
3011:
3002:
2996:
2985:
2976:
2975:"The City,"
2970:
2959:
2950:
2944:
2935:
2929:
2920:
2914:
2905:
2899:
2890:
2884:
2874:
2868:
2859:
2853:
2844:
2838:
2829:
2823:
2814:
2808:
2799:
2781:
2775:
2766:
2760:
2751:
2733:
2727:
2719:
2703:
2698:
2689:
2683:
2674:
2668:
2659:
2653:
2628:
2624:
2614:
2605:
2599:
2590:
2584:
2575:
2557:
2551:
2540:
2530:
2509:. Retrieved
2503:
2493:
2467:. Retrieved
2452:
2445:
2433:. Retrieved
2429:
2386:
2370:
2367:Repatriation
2353:
2330:
2324:
2311:
2303:
2291:
2282:
2274:
2269:
2265:United Press
2262:
2252:
2243:Unemployment
2238:
2235:Civil unrest
2228:
2216:
2211:
2199:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2175:
2173:
2169:brick blocks
2160:
2154:
2147:
2127:
2114:
2090:
2082:dance houses
2073:
2067:
2060:
2051:Prostitution
2043:
2041:
2026:
2019:
2005:
1999:
1991:
1989:
1966:
1960:
1945:public baths
1937:
1933:City Council
1926:
1913:
1894:
1884:
1876:
1866:R.W. Pridham
1839:
1834:kindergarten
1827:
1819:
1812:
1786:
1768:
1753:
1751:
1742:Little Italy
1731:
1712:
1697:
1689:
1674:
1670:
1651:
1579:Bibliography
1440:California (
1398:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1248:Chicano Park
1220:Precita Eyes
1139:Tortilla art
1071:Rasquachismo
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
911:
904:
897:
892:I Am Joaquin
890:
883:
863:
856:
849:
842:
837:The Rain God
835:
828:
821:
814:
807:
802:Desert Blood
800:
793:
786:
766:
759:
752:
687:Pancho Claus
662:Cal-Style VW
644:Tejano music
639:Chicano soul
634:Chicano rock
522:
508:Farah strike
500:
488:
471:
309:Brown Berets
190:
16:
15:
3702:Cow Springs
3655:Rail stops:
3564:Mentryville
3554:Little Lake
3499:Barnes City
3101:The Herald,
3086:The Herald,
2631:(1): 1–24.
2338:World War 1
2187:In 1895, a
2150:Main Street
2130:inheritance
2029:Arroyo Seco
2001:appearance.
1947:available.
1914:The Sonora
1847:Sonoratown.
1822:Mamie Perry
1727:101 Freeway
1504:Californios
1490:Multiethnic
1442:Los Angeles
1243:Balmy Alley
1124:Chicano art
1119:Chicana art
1056:Nahui Ollin
629:Chicano rap
479:Castro 2020
467:Abolish ICE
3759:Categories
3726:Townships:
3684:Motordrome
3604:Sonoratown
3589:Owensmouth
3579:Mud Spring
3544:Lankershim
3494:Bairdstown
3409:Kit Carson
2511:August 23,
2469:January 7,
2435:January 7,
2406:References
2314:North Main
2161:The Times,
2086:immorality
2078:fast youth
2055:See also:
2037:Pico House
2009:grand ball
1996:reported:
1857:Sonoratown
1815:commented:
1766:as well."
1748:Population
1681:rail yards
1461:Nebraska (
1454:Michigan (
1447:Illinois (
1418:Population
1110:Visual Art
1103:Visual art
716:Literature
709:Literature
424:Quinto Sol
324:Chicanismo
249:La Matanza
191:Sonoratown
181:Mutualista
32:Pico House
17:Sonoratown
3549:Las Tunas
3509:Colegrove
3489:Annandale
2645:0038-3929
2479:cite book
2361:Great War
2357:shipyards
2321:Mexicans.
2157:perfected
2138:Chihuahua
1809:orphanage
1715:Chinatown
1694:Geography
1666:marijuana
1658:gold rush
1499:Blaxicans
1433:Arizona (
1234:Locations
1081:VergĂĽenza
913:The Moths
885:Emplumada
795:Caballero
692:Zoot suit
3674:Hyperion
3629:Walteria
3619:Virgenes
3599:Savannah
3514:Edendale
3383:Lost LA,
2606:Lost LA,
2213:breathe.
2202:'courts'
1723:Downtown
1609:Category
1172:Los Four
1061:Nepantla
672:Lowrider
554:Language
124:Concepts
83:Identity
55:Chicanos
3679:Machado
3644:Zaferia
3639:Wilsona
3609:Tropico
3539:Ivanhoe
3504:Bartolo
2560:image 3
2304:As the
2230:owners.
2142:Sinaloa
1873:decay."
1764:Chinese
1760:quarter
1574:Writers
1514:Tejanos
1479:Houston
1456:Detroit
1449:Chicago
653:Symbols
547:Culture
149:History
111:Pinta/o
106:Pachuco
101:Pachuca
96:La Raza
91:Chola/o
3669:Holton
3634:Wilmar
3574:Moneta
3529:Girard
2643:
2460:
2259:, 1913
2134:Sonora
2017:balles
1983:, and
1923:Health
1881:said:
1708:Yaanga
1700:Tongva
1654:Sonora
1435:Tucson
1032:Theory
940:Fields
778:Novels
667:Homies
299:Aztlán
116:Xicanx
3624:Wahoo
2373:1930s
2189:Times
2176:Times
2165:adobe
2136:, or
1973:Plaza
1886:city.
1719:Plaza
1614:Index
1543:Lists
1469:Texas
1463:Omaha
991:Texts
977:NACCS
620:Music
583:Ă“rale
399:MEChA
76:Terms
36:Plaza
3659:Alla
3385:KCET
2641:ISSN
2608:KCET
2513:2020
2485:link
2471:2016
2458:ISBN
2437:2016
2430:KCET
2316:and
1927:Dr.
1729:).
1704:Kizh
1702:(or
1662:slum
1157:Asco
1134:Paño
592:Food
568:CalĂł
502:IRCA
490:DACA
409:PCUN
394:MAYO
389:MANA
339:CFMN
57:and
2633:doi
2140:or
2088:."
2011:at
1721:in
1275:Law
349:CRP
3761::
3339:^
3306:^
3202:^
3169:^
3074:^
3041:^
2790:^
2742:^
2711:^
2639:.
2629:94
2627:.
2623:.
2566:^
2521:^
2502:.
2481:}}
2477:{{
2428:.
2414:^
2225::
2174:A
2171:.
2039:.
1987:.
1979:,
1899:,
1895:A
1710:.
1687:.
3452:e
3445:t
3438:v
3411:.
2879:.
2647:.
2635::
2515:.
2487:)
2473:.
2439:.
1641:e
1634:t
1627:v
1465:)
1458:)
1451:)
1444:)
1437:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
