1327:
141:
171:(SELDI) variant is similar to MALDI, but uses a biochemical affinity target. The technique known as surface-enhanced neat desorption (SEND) is a related variant of MALDI with the matrix is covalently linked to the target surface. The SELDI technology was commercialized by Ciphergen Biosystems in 1997 as the ProteinChip system. It is now produced and marketed by
131:
approach is laser desorption/ionization of a sample deposited on a porous silicon surface. Nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS) is a variant of DIOS that uses "initiator" molecules trapped in the nanostructures. Although nanostructures are typically formed by etching, laser etching can
148:
Silicon nanowires were initially developed as a DIOS-MS application. This approach was later commercialized as
Nanowire-assisted laser desorption/ionization (NALDI) uses a target consisting of nanowires made from metal oxides or nitrides. NALDI targets are available from
93:
Some have argued that Karas and
Hillenkamp were more deserving of the Nobel Prize than Tanaka because their crystalline matrix method is much more widely used than Tanaka's liquid matrix. Countering this argument is the fact that Tanaka was the first to use a 337 nm
799:
Kang, Min-Jung; Pyun, Jae-Chul; Lee, Jung-Chul; Choi, Young-Jin; Park, Jae-Hwan; Park, Jae-Gwan; Lee, June-Gunn; Choi, Heon-Jin (2005). "Nanowire-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of small molecules".
81:
in what he called the “ultra fine metal plus liquid matrix method” of laser desorption ionization. With this approach, he was able to demonstrate the soft ionization of proteins. The MALDI technique was demonstrated (and the name coined) in 1985 by
949:"Evaluation of a Novel Approach for Peptide Sequencing: Laser-induced Acoustic Desorption Combined with Chemical Ionization and Collision-activated Dissociation in a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer"
677:
Northen, Trent R.; Yanes, Oscar; Northen, Michael T.; Marrinucci, Dena; Uritboonthai, Winnie; Apon, Junefredo; Golledge, Stephen L.; Nordström, Anders; Siuzdak, Gary (2007). "Clathrate nanostructures for mass spectrometry".
118:
The surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) approach uses a liquid plus graphite particle matrix. A colloidal graphite matrix has been called "GALDI" for colloidal graphite-assisted laser desorption/ionization.
587:
Cha, Sangwon; Yeung, Edward S. (2007). "Colloidal
Graphite-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry and MSnof Small Molecules. 1. Imaging of Cerebrosides Directly from Rat Brain Tissue".
517:
Sunner, J.; Dratz, E.; Chen, Y.-C. (1995). "Graphite surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from liquid solutions".
262:
Karas, M.; Bachmann, D.; Hillenkamp, F. (1985). "Influence of the
Wavelength in High-Irradiance Ultraviolet Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry of Organic Molecules".
764:
Go EP, Apon JV, Luo G, Saghatelian A, Daniels RH, Sahi V, Dubrow R, Cravatt BF, Vertes A, Siuzdak G (March 2005). "Desorption/ionization on silicon nanowires".
58:(MALDI) to indicate soft laser desorption ionization that is aided by a separate matrix compound. The term soft laser desorption was used most notably by the
105:
The term soft laser desorption is now used to refer to MALDI as well as "matrix free" methods for laser desorption ionization with minimal fragmentation.
435:
Strupat K, Karas M, Hillenkamp F; Karas; Hillenkamp (1991). "2,5-Dihidroxybenzoic acid: a new matrix for laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry".
552:
Dale, Michael J.; Knochenmuss, Richard; Zenobi, Renato (1996). "Graphite/Liquid Mixed
Matrices for Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry".
470:
221:
Tanaka, Koichi; Hiroaki Waki; Yutaka Ido; Satoshi Akita; Yoshikazu
Yoshida; Tamio Yoshida; T. Matsuo (1988). "Protein and polymer analyses up to
757:
168:
162:
729:
Chen, Yong; Vertes, Akos (2006). "Adjustable
Fragmentation in Laser Desorption/Ionization from Laser-Induced Silicon Microcolumn Arrays".
55:
999:
227:
916:
Golovlev, V. V.; Allman, S. L.; Garrett, W. R.; Taranenko, N. I.; Chen, C. H. (December 1997). "Laser-induced acoustic desorption".
392:
Beavis RC, Chait BT (1989). "Cinnamic acid derivatives as matrices for ultraviolet laser desorption mass spectrometry of proteins".
1287:
102:. The "modern" MALDI approach came into being several years after the first soft laser desorption of proteins was demonstrated.
501:
132:
also be used, for example as in laser-induced silicon microcolumn arrays (LISMA) for matrix-free mass spectrometry analysis.
838:
Hutchens, T. W.; Yip, T. T. (1993). "New desorption strategies for the mass spectrometric analysis of macromolecules".
183:
The technique known as laser induced acoustic desorption (LIAD) is transmission geometry LDI with a metal film target.
291:
90:, but ionization of proteins by MALDI was not reported until 1988, immediately after Tanaka's results were reported.
1026:
128:
1196:
264:
42:. "Hard" ionization is the formation of ions with the breaking of bonds and the formation of fragment ions.
873:
Poon TC (2007). "Opportunities and limitations of SELDI-TOF-MS in biomedical research: practical advices".
1252:
349:
Beavis RC, Chait BT (1989). "Matrix-assisted laser-desorption mass spectrometry using 355 nm radiation".
1356:
1056:
200:
63:
1226:
1046:
320:
1114:
464:
1221:
1104:
1092:
1019:
921:
847:
809:
687:
635:
444:
401:
358:
236:
484:
Vertes, Akos (2007). "Soft Laser
Desorption Ionization — Maldi, Dios and Nanostructures".
8:
1351:
1272:
1191:
1131:
1051:
925:
851:
813:
691:
639:
448:
405:
362:
240:
973:
948:
898:
711:
659:
933:
1292:
1166:
1141:
978:
890:
781:
746:
703:
651:
604:
569:
534:
497:
456:
417:
374:
328:
51:
902:
1302:
1267:
1247:
1216:
968:
960:
929:
915:
882:
855:
817:
773:
738:
715:
695:
663:
643:
596:
561:
526:
489:
452:
409:
366:
272:
244:
150:
87:
59:
1330:
1211:
1201:
1012:
493:
153:(although they are marketed as "nanostructured" rather than "nanowire" targets).
964:
1307:
1297:
1257:
1206:
1124:
1077:
1061:
434:
95:
1345:
1262:
1242:
1183:
1109:
83:
67:
39:
886:
1282:
1151:
1146:
1087:
982:
894:
859:
785:
750:
707:
655:
608:
573:
413:
370:
299:
248:
99:
74:
538:
421:
378:
1312:
1173:
1156:
1136:
623:
220:
699:
530:
488:. Springer Series in Optical Sciences. Vol. 129. pp. 505–528.
276:
1161:
156:
31:
27:
777:
742:
600:
565:
1277:
1119:
1099:
1082:
821:
626:(1999). "Desorption-ionization mass spectrometry on porous silicon".
261:
78:
647:
172:
50:
The term "soft laser desorption" has not been widely used by the
225:
100 000 by laser ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry".
140:
71:
1000:
The Nobel Prize in
Chemistry 2002 – Information for the Public
1035:
676:
321:"ABC News Online: 2002 Nobel chemistry choice sparks protest"
24:
918:
International
Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Processes
62:
in public information released in conjunction with the 2002
1004:
70:
was awarded 1/4 of the prize for his use of a mixture of
35:
946:
551:
763:
157:
Surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI)
98:
while Karas and Hillenkamp were using a 266 nm
909:
833:
831:
1343:
621:
34:without fragmentation. "Soft" in the context of
798:
516:
828:
38:formation means forming ions without breaking
1020:
940:
866:
469:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
169:surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization
163:surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization
837:
391:
385:
348:
56:matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
1027:
1013:
728:
342:
122:
972:
802:Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
228:Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
586:
139:
1288:Multiple-prism grating laser oscillator
872:
289:
129:desorption ionization on silicon (DIOS)
1344:
483:
203:. The Nobel Foundation. 9 October 2002
1008:
947:Somuramasami J, Kenttämaa HI (2007).
290:Spinney, Laura (December 11, 2002).
54:community, which in most cases uses
486:Laser Ablation and its Applications
201:"The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002"
30:of large molecules that results in
13:
437:Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Process
14:
1368:
993:
1326:
1325:
178:
792:
722:
670:
615:
580:
545:
510:
1197:Amplified spontaneous emission
477:
428:
313:
283:
255:
214:
193:
1:
934:10.1016/S0168-1176(97)00209-7
186:
45:
494:10.1007/978-0-387-30453-3_20
457:10.1016/0168-1176(91)85050-V
135:
7:
1253:Chirped pulse amplification
965:10.1016/j.jasms.2006.10.009
875:Expert Review of Proteomics
840:Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom
394:Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom
351:Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom
113:
108:
10:
1373:
1057:List of laser applications
1034:
160:
1321:
1235:
1182:
1070:
1042:
953:J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom
292:"Nobel Prize controversy"
144:A commercial NALDI target
622:Wei, J.; Buriak, J. M.;
64:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
887:10.1586/14789450.4.1.51
123:Nanostructured surfaces
1047:List of laser articles
860:10.1002/rcm.1290070703
414:10.1002/rcm.1290031207
371:10.1002/rcm.1290031208
249:10.1002/rcm.1290020802
145:
86:, Doris Bachmann, and
143:
17:Soft laser desorption
1222:Population inversion
731:Analytical Chemistry
589:Analytical Chemistry
554:Analytical Chemistry
1273:Laser beam profiler
1192:Active laser medium
1132:Free-electron laser
1052:List of laser types
926:1997IJMSI.169...69G
852:1993RCMS....7..576H
814:2005RCMS...19.3166K
700:10.1038/nature06195
692:2007Natur.449.1033N
640:1999Natur.399..243W
531:10.1021/ac00119a021
449:1991IJMSI.111...89S
406:1989RCMS....3..432B
363:1989RCMS....3..436B
277:10.1021/ac00291a042
241:1988RCMS....2..151T
920:. 169–170: 69–78.
146:
1357:Mass spectrometry
1339:
1338:
1293:Optical amplifier
1142:Solid-state laser
808:(21): 3166–3170.
778:10.1021/ac048460o
743:10.1021/ac060405n
634:(6733): 243–246.
601:10.1021/ac062251h
566:10.1021/ac960558i
503:978-0-387-30452-6
329:Boston University
52:mass spectrometry
1364:
1329:
1328:
1303:Optical isolator
1268:Injection seeder
1248:Beam homogenizer
1227:Ultrashort pulse
1217:Lasing threshold
1029:
1022:
1015:
1006:
1005:
987:
986:
976:
944:
938:
937:
913:
907:
906:
870:
864:
863:
835:
826:
825:
822:10.1002/rcm.2187
796:
790:
789:
761:
755:
754:
726:
720:
719:
686:(7165): 1033–6.
674:
668:
667:
619:
613:
612:
584:
578:
577:
549:
543:
542:
514:
508:
507:
481:
475:
474:
468:
460:
432:
426:
425:
389:
383:
382:
346:
340:
339:
337:
336:
317:
311:
310:
308:
307:
298:. Archived from
287:
281:
280:
259:
253:
252:
218:
212:
211:
209:
208:
197:
151:Bruker Daltonics
88:Franz Hillenkamp
60:Nobel Foundation
1372:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1335:
1317:
1231:
1212:Laser linewidth
1202:Continuous wave
1178:
1071:Types of lasers
1066:
1038:
1033:
996:
991:
990:
945:
941:
914:
910:
871:
867:
836:
829:
797:
793:
762:
758:
737:(16): 5835–44.
727:
723:
675:
671:
620:
616:
585:
581:
550:
546:
525:(23): 4335–42.
515:
511:
504:
482:
478:
462:
461:
443:(111): 89–102.
433:
429:
390:
386:
347:
343:
334:
332:
331:. December 2002
319:
318:
314:
305:
303:
302:on May 17, 2007
288:
284:
260:
256:
219:
215:
206:
204:
199:
198:
194:
189:
181:
165:
159:
138:
125:
116:
111:
48:
12:
11:
5:
1370:
1360:
1359:
1354:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1310:
1308:Output coupler
1305:
1300:
1298:Optical cavity
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1258:Gain-switching
1255:
1250:
1245:
1239:
1237:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1207:Laser ablation
1204:
1199:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1105:Carbon dioxide
1097:
1096:
1095:
1093:Liquid-crystal
1090:
1080:
1078:Chemical laser
1074:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1064:
1062:Laser acronyms
1059:
1054:
1049:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1017:
1009:
1003:
1002:
995:
994:External links
992:
989:
988:
939:
908:
865:
846:(7): 576–580.
827:
791:
756:
721:
669:
614:
595:(6): 2373–85.
579:
560:(19): 3321–9.
544:
509:
502:
476:
427:
384:
341:
312:
282:
271:(14): 2935–9.
254:
235:(8): 151–153.
213:
191:
190:
188:
185:
180:
177:
175:Laboratories.
161:Main article:
158:
155:
137:
134:
124:
121:
115:
112:
110:
107:
96:nitrogen laser
47:
44:
40:chemical bonds
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1369:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1332:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1263:Gaussian beam
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1243:Beam expander
1241:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1184:Laser physics
1181:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1025:
1023:
1018:
1016:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
997:
984:
980:
975:
970:
966:
962:
959:(3): 525–40.
958:
954:
950:
943:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
912:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
869:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
834:
832:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
795:
787:
783:
779:
775:
772:(6): 1641–6.
771:
767:
760:
752:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
725:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
673:
665:
661:
657:
653:
649:
648:10.1038/20400
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
618:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
583:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
548:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
513:
505:
499:
495:
491:
487:
480:
472:
466:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
431:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
400:(12): 432–5.
399:
395:
388:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
357:(12): 436–9.
356:
352:
345:
330:
326:
322:
316:
301:
297:
296:The Scientist
293:
286:
278:
274:
270:
267:
266:
258:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:
224:
217:
202:
196:
192:
184:
179:Other methods
176:
174:
170:
164:
154:
152:
142:
133:
130:
120:
106:
103:
101:
97:
91:
89:
85:
84:Michael Karas
80:
76:
75:nanoparticles
73:
69:
68:Koichi Tanaka
65:
61:
57:
53:
43:
41:
37:
33:
29:
26:
22:
18:
1283:Mode locking
1236:Laser optics
956:
952:
942:
917:
911:
881:(1): 51–65.
878:
874:
868:
843:
839:
805:
801:
794:
769:
765:
759:
734:
730:
724:
683:
679:
672:
631:
627:
617:
592:
588:
582:
557:
553:
547:
522:
518:
512:
485:
479:
465:cite journal
440:
436:
430:
397:
393:
387:
354:
350:
344:
333:. Retrieved
324:
315:
304:. Retrieved
300:the original
295:
285:
268:
263:
257:
232:
226:
222:
216:
205:. Retrieved
195:
182:
166:
147:
126:
117:
104:
100:Nd:YAG laser
92:
49:
20:
16:
15:
1313:Q-switching
1174:X-ray laser
1167:Ti-sapphire
1137:Laser diode
1115:Helium–neon
624:Siuzdak, G.
325:B.U. Bridge
265:Anal. Chem.
1352:Ion source
1346:Categories
519:Anal. Chem
335:2007-08-29
306:2007-08-29
207:2013-01-31
187:References
46:Background
32:ionization
28:desorption
1278:M squared
1100:Gas laser
1083:Dye laser
766:Anal Chem
136:Nanowires
1331:Category
1125:Nitrogen
983:17157527
903:30115034
895:17288515
786:15762567
751:16906730
708:17960240
656:10353246
609:17288467
574:21619267
114:Graphite
109:Variants
79:glycerol
1110:Excimer
974:1945181
922:Bibcode
848:Bibcode
810:Bibcode
716:4404703
688:Bibcode
664:4314372
636:Bibcode
539:8633776
445:Bibcode
422:2520223
402:Bibcode
379:2520224
359:Bibcode
237:Bibcode
173:Bio-Rad
1152:Nd:YAG
1147:Er:YAG
1088:Bubble
1036:Lasers
981:
971:
901:
893:
784:
749:
714:
706:
680:Nature
662:
654:
628:Nature
607:
572:
537:
500:
420:
377:
72:cobalt
1157:Raman
899:S2CID
712:S2CID
660:S2CID
167:The
25:laser
23:) is
1162:Ruby
979:PMID
891:PMID
782:PMID
747:PMID
704:PMID
652:PMID
605:PMID
570:PMID
535:PMID
498:ISBN
471:link
418:PMID
375:PMID
127:The
77:and
1120:Ion
969:PMC
961:doi
930:doi
883:doi
856:doi
818:doi
774:doi
739:doi
696:doi
684:449
644:doi
632:399
597:doi
562:doi
527:doi
490:doi
453:doi
410:doi
367:doi
273:doi
245:doi
223:m/z
36:ion
21:SLD
1348::
977:.
967:.
957:18
955:.
951:.
928:.
897:.
889:.
877:.
854:.
842:.
830:^
816:.
806:19
804:.
780:.
770:77
768:.
745:.
735:78
733:.
710:.
702:.
694:.
682:.
658:.
650:.
642:.
630:.
603:.
593:79
591:.
568:.
558:68
556:.
533:.
523:67
521:.
496:.
467:}}
463:{{
451:.
441:72
439:.
416:.
408:.
396:.
373:.
365:.
353:.
327:.
323:.
294:.
269:57
243:.
231:.
66:.
1028:e
1021:t
1014:v
985:.
963::
936:.
932::
924::
905:.
885::
879:4
862:.
858::
850::
844:7
824:.
820::
812::
788:.
776::
753:.
741::
718:.
698::
690::
666:.
646::
638::
611:.
599::
576:.
564::
541:.
529::
506:.
492::
473:)
459:.
455::
447::
424:.
412::
404::
398:3
381:.
369::
361::
355:3
338:.
309:.
279:.
275::
251:.
247::
239::
233:2
210:.
19:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
