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661:, in which each succeeding element is equal to the sum of the two preceding elements (i.e., 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, etc.). This numerical layout represents the balanced nature in her music through a sense of cell multiplication between live and non-live substances. She believes that this abstract theory is the foundation of her personal musical expression. The golden ratio between the sections are always marked by some musical event, and the composer explores her fantasy fully in articulating this moment.
605:, exemplifying the lack of "steps" to the divine. This notion is furthered by her extreme dichotomy characterized by chromatic space vs. diatonic space viewed as symbols of darkness vs. light and human/mundane vs. divine/heavenly. Additionally, the use of short motivic segments allows her to create a musical narrative that is seemingly open-ended and disjunct rather than smooth. Finally, another important melodic technique can be seen with her use of harmonics. When talking about her piece
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481:... percussion has an acoustic cloud around it, a cloud that cannot be analyzed. These instruments are at the boundary between palpable reality and the subconscious, because they have these acoustics. Their purely physical characteristics, of the timpani and membranophones and so on, when the skin vibrates, or the wood is touched, respond. They enter into that layer of our consciousness which is not logical, they are at the boundary between the conscious and the subconscious.
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224:. Gubaidulina quickly learned to keep her spiritual interests secret from her parents and other adults since the Soviet Union was hostile to religion. These early experiences with music and spiritual ideas led her to treat these two domains of thought as conceptually similar and explains her later striving to write music expressing and exploring spiritually based concepts.
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tries to capture in her works. These abstract religious and mystical associations are realized in
Gubaidulina's compositions in various ways, such as writing in bowing directions that cause the performer to draw a crucifix in the final movement of "Seven Words" for cello, bayan, and strings. Gubaidulina is a devout member of the Russian Orthodox church.
955:"vertical" line, which represents man's striving for full realization in the Divine. The meeting point of these two lines in music happens at the end of the second movement, and that reflects transformation of the human being at crossing these two dimensions. The third movement "celebrates the newly obtained freedom of the spirit".
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In the early 1980s, she began to use the
Fibonacci sequence as a way of structuring the form of the work. Her use of the Fibonacci sequence to determine phrase and rhythm length replaces traditional form, creating a new form which to her is more spiritually in tune. Gubaidulina also experimented with
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In the cadenza the performer improvises within a framework given by the composer, inviting a deeper exploration of the secrets of sound. It consists of two alternating elements– open-sounding strings, stroke by fingers, with no pitch determination, and muted articulation of the strings in the bass
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In conversation she is most keen to stress that she cannot accept the idea (a frequent post-serial one) of rhythm or duration as the material of a piece. ... To her, rhythm is nowadays a generating principle as, for instance, the cadence was to tonal composers of the
Classical period; it therefore
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Melodically, Gubaidulina's is characterized by the frequent use of intense chromatic motives rather than long melodic phrases. She often treats musical space as a means of attaining unity with the divine—a direct line to God—concretely manifest by the lack of striation in pitch space. She achieves
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For
Gubaidulina, music was an escape from the socio-political atmosphere of Soviet Russia. For this reason, she associated music with human transcendence and mystical spiritualism, which manifests itself as a longing inside the soul of humanity to locate its true being, a longing she continually
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According to
Kholopova, music from before the 20th century left the responsibility of articulation to the performer, while now it begs to be more heavily illustrated by the composer. She also cites the writings of Viktor Bobrovski on his research on macrothemes, or central ideas that may occupy
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Two distinct aspects of the sonata—the driving force and the meditative state—can be seen through the architecture of the work as portraying the image of the cross. The first movement is related to the "horizontal" line, which symbolizes human experience while the second movement reflects the
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Further influence of improvisation techniques can be found in her fascination with percussion instruments. She associates the indeterminate nature of percussive timbres with the mystical longing and the potential freedom of human transcendence. In an interview with the modern
British composer
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for
Soprano, Baritone, and Seven String Instruments (1981, rev. 1983–86). The 12th movement, "Montys Tod" (Monty's Death), uses the Fibonacci series in its rhythmical structure with the number of quarter notes in individual episodes corresponding to numbers from the Fibonacci series.
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In the development section, these sets are explored melodically, while the dotted rhythm figure gains even more importance. In the recapitulation, the chord progression of the first thematic complex is brought to the higher registers, preparing the coda based on secondary theme
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Rhythmically, Gubaidulina places significant stress on the fact that temporal ratios, i.e, rhythmic structures, should not be limited to local figuration; rather, the temporality of the musical form should be the defining feature of rhythmic character. As
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I am a religious
Russian Orthodox person and I understand 'religion' in the literal meaning of the word, as 're-ligio', that is to say the restoration of connections, the restoration of the 'legato' of life. There is no more serious task for music than
2081:(2000). Performed by Natalia Korneva, soprano; Viktor Lutsiuk, tenor; Fedor Mozhaev, baritone; Genady Bezzubenkov, bass; Saint Petersburg Chamber Choir (dir. Nikolai Kornev); Choir of the Mariinsky Theatre Saint Petersburg (dir. Andrei Petrenko);
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The influence of electronic music and improvisational techniques is exemplified in her unusual combination of contrasting elements, novel instrumentation, and the use of traditional
Russian folk instruments in her solo and chamber works, such as
279:, who in evaluating her final examination encouraged her to continue on her path despite others calling it "mistaken". She was allowed to express her modernism in various scores she composed for documentary films, including the 1963 production,
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Valentina
Kholopova, Gubaidulina's close friend and colleague, outlined the composer's form techniques in detail. In addition to using number sequences, Kholopova describes Gubaidulina's use of "expression parameters"; these being
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and an established international figure. Major orchestras around the world have commissioned and performed her works. She is considered one of the foremost Russian composers of the second half of the 20th century along with
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as six of its movements are names after modulation between parameters, and two being single parameters. Kholopova proposed that this scale could be used to analyze the music of any 20th century composer focused on texture,
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mother. Her father, Asgat Masgudovich Gubaidulin, was an engineer and her mother, Fedosiya Fyodorovna (née Yelkhova), was a teacher. After discovering music at the age of 5, Gubaidulina immersed herself in ideas of
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She was also preoccupied by experimentation with non-traditional methods of sound production and, as already mentioned, with unusual combinations of instruments, e.g. Concerto for Bassoon and Low Strings (1975),
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of Leipzig's release of three of her pieces. She was also celebrated in a week of chamber and orchestral music. In November, to mark the occasion, she was selected as Composer of the Week on the long running
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relationship within the primary material of her works, by seeking to discover the depth and mysticism of the sound, as well as on a larger scale, through the carefully thought architecture of musical form.
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The possibility for string instruments to derive pitches of various heights at one and the same place on the string can be experienced in music as the transition to another plane of existence. And that is
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1073:(2016) in the contemporary music category. The jury in its citation praised the "outstanding musical and personal qualities" of the Russian composer, and the "spiritual quality" of her work.
718:, together forming the "parameter complex". For example, she describes a consonant articulation as legato, and a dissonant one as staccato, but each of these can change from piece to piece.
914:, which also constitute the cyclical elements upon which the rhetoric of the piece is constructed. Each motive is given a particular name: "spring", "struggle", "consolation", and "faith".
632:(1972) she notes that a strict and progressive intervallic process occurs, in which the opening section utilizes successively wider intervals that become narrower toward the last section.
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Hörst Du uns, Luigi? Schau mal, welchen Tanz eine einfache Holzrassel für Dich vollführt (Слышишь ты нас, Луиджи? Вот танец, который танцует для тебя обыкновенная деревянная трещотка)
369:("Easter according to John"), commissioned by Hannover Rundfunk. The two works together form a "diptych" on the death and resurrection of Christ, her largest work to date. Invited by
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She finds this re-connection through the artistic process and has developed a number of musical symbols to express her ideals. She does it through narrower means of intervallic and
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which begins by adding 2 instead of 1 to the initial value; the only thing setting it apart from Fibonacci. These forms are still fluid, as every other movement in her
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To this end, Gubaidulina often devises durational ratios in order to create the temporal forms for her compositions. Specifically, she often utilizes elements of the
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Conservatory, graduating in 1954. During her early conservatory years, Western contemporary music was banned almost entirely from study, an unusual exception being
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3001:"Goodspeed Notes | Newsletter of the Department of Music at the University of Chicago » Legendary Composer Sofia Gubaiduli a Awarded Honorary Doctorate"
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The Piano Sonata is dedicated to Henrietta Mirvis, a pianist greatly admired by the composer. The work follows the classical formal structure in 3 movements:
212:. While studying at the Children's Music School with Ruvim Poliakov, Gubaidulina discovered spiritual ideas and found them in the works of composers such as
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The preceding analysis is taken from Ivana Ćojbašić, "The 'Piano Sonata' of Sofia Gubaidulina: Formal Analysis and Some Interpretation Issues,"
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poem by Marina Tsvetaeva for large wind orchestra and mezzo-soprano/contralto (1974), for percussion, mezzo-soprano, and large orchestra (1976)
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The third movement is constructed of 7 episodes, in which there is a continuous liberation of energy accumulated during the previous movement.
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pattern in the left hand. The slower secondary theme introduces a melodic element associated with the ostinato element of the previous theme.
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and color, and that it is but one way to analyze music, signalling a continuing progression, catalyzed, according to Gubaidulina, by Webern.
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for soprano, tenor, baritone, bass, two mixed choirs and orchestra, in 9 movements (2015, rev. 2016) and in 15 movements (2016, rev. 2018)
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940:) A, the B section represents an acoustic departure as the chromatic figurations in the left hand, originating in section A, are muted.
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being the most infamous and sought after. Gubaidulina and her peers procured and studied modern Western scores nonetheless. "We knew
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follows the Fibonacci form. "It is a game!", she would claim. Later the Lucas and Evangelist series, sequences derived from that of
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On 4 October 2013, Gubaidulina became the recipient of the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement for the Music section of the
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Honour Prize of the Moscow Regiment and the International Council of Russian Compatriots "The Compatriot of the Year – 2007".
533:(Russian religious philosopher, whose works were forbidden in the USSR, but nevertheless found and studied by the composer).
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3045:"The Frontiers of Knowledge awards pay homage to the spirituality and transformative dimension of Sofia Gubaidulina's music"
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String Quartet No. 4 (a triple quartet for quartet, two taped quartets and ad libitum colored lights, dedicated to the
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There are two elements in the primary thematic complex of the first movement: (1) a "swing" theme, characterized by
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Gubaidulina's entire piano output belongs to her earlier compositional period and consists of the following works:
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477:, Gubaidulina provides an explanation for how percussion is utilized in her works to show spiritualism. She says,
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2460:Губайдулина Софья (София) Азгатовна – считается одним из крупнейших композиторов второй половины ХХ столетия.
2003:
1368:, oratorio for soprano, alto, tenor, bass, speaker, 3 mixed choirs and large orchestra without strings (1975)
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and intervallic design arising from the contrapuntal interaction between melodic voices. For example, in the
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Harmonically, Gubaidulina's music resists traditional tonal centers and triadic structures in favor of pitch
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until 1963. She was awarded a Stalin fellowship. Her music was deemed "irresponsible" during her studies in
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2456:София Губайдулина: 'Комсомольская увертюра? Нет! Стоит только дать пальчик и... вместе с ним продашь душу'
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The second movement shifts to a different expressive world. A simple ternary form with a cadenza–AB (
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469:. The use of the lowest possible registers on the cello opens new possibilities for the instrument.
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In 2011 she was awarded a Doctor of Humane Letters honorary degree from the University of Chicago.
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545:("re-bound") or as restoration of the connection between oneself and the Absolute. As she explains:
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Lukomsky, Vera (October 1998). "'The Eucharist in my fantasy': Interview with Sofia Gubaidulina".
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2035:(1994: Sony SK 53960). "Chaconne" (1962), "Sonata" (1965) and "Musical Toys" (1968), performed by
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Music for Harpsichord and Percussion Instruments from Mark Pekarsky's Collection (1971, rev. 1973)
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Sofia Gubaidulina and Vera Lukomsky, "My Desire is Always to Rebel, to Swim Against the Stream",
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243:. Raids even took place in the dormitory halls, where searches were conducted for banned scores,
1464:, St. Francis of Assisi's Canticle of the Sun for violoncello, mixed choir and percussion (1997)
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2039:, and "Introitus": Concerto for Piano and Chamber Orchestra (1978), Andreas Haefliger with the
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larger frames of time, such as entire sections of a piece. With this scale, pieces such as her
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2089:. World premiere recorded live at the European Music Festival in Stuttgart, September 9, 2000.
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assume a mosaic form held together by Fibonacci-derived groupings of expression parameters, "
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Lukomsky, Vera (July 1999). "'Hearing the Subconscious': Interview with Sofia Gubaidulina".
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on a text of Rainer Maria Rilke for cello, orchestra, male choir, and a woman speaker (1991)
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and dotted rhythms and (2) a chord progression, juxtaposing minor and major seconds over an
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widescreen format. She also composed the score to the well-known Russian animated picture "
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Gubaidulina notes that the two composers to whom she experiences a constant devotion are
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for soprano, baritone (speaking voices) and 7 string instruments (1981, rev. 1983, 1986)
883:(1974) and Piano Concerto "Introitus" (1978). Some of the titles reveal her interest in
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The first work in which Gubaidulina experiments with this concept of proportionality is
457:, in which one solo player performs on three different instruments—koto, bass koto, and
331:. "She sprang to international fame in the late 1980s". She later composed an homage to
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for soprano, tenor, baritone, bass, two mixed choirs, organ, and large orchestra (2001)
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for soprano, tenor, baritone, bass, two mixed choirs, organ, and large orchestra (2000)
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On 27 February 2017, Gubaidulina was awarded an honorary doctor of music degree by the
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for 3 trombones, 3 percussionists, harp, harpsichord/celesta and celesta/piano (1981).
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2215:: "Composer of the Week: Sofia Gubaidulina (b. 1931)." 5/5 Broadcast 5 November 2021.
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Gubaidulina's music is characterised by the use of unusual instrumental combinations.
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A more complete list of her scores for animated films may be found on her profile at
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2276:"2018: Sofia Gubaidulina – Festival Composers – About The Festival – About Us – FiB"
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1921:, Low Mass for narrator, two celli, double bass, piano and two percussionists (2016)
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for writing “noisy mud instead of musical innovation, unconnected with real life".
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Ten Preludes for cello (1974), also version as Eight Etudes for double bass (2009)
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fourteen pieces for mezzo-soprano, flute, percussion, bayan, and contrabass (1996)
412:, Germany. She is a member of the musical academies in Frankfurt, Hamburg and the
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15 (2000): 103–117. For a more detailed discussion, see Ćojbašić's dissertation:
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2383:, ed. by Josiah Fisk (St. Leonards, NSW, Australia: Allen & Unwin, 1993), 460
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2199:. 1st English, rev. and expand ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press (11–14).
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Gubaidulina considers the following four works the most important in this genre:
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for three 17-string Japanese bass kotos and four 13-string Japanese kotos (1993)
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for piano and string quintet, arranged from version for soprano and octet (1989)
730:" between consonance and dissonance. This technique appears most clearly in her
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Information on Quartet 4 from the Sikorski score, Edition 8506, published 2003.
2513:. 2012. " 'The space of the soul': An interview with Sofia Gubaidulina."
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cannot be the surface material of a work. ... he expresses her impatience with
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conducted by Rostropovich. Gubaidulina attended the recording of both pieces.
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for alto, tenor, baritone, narrator, mixed choir, and large orchestra (1991)
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uses harmonics to represent joy as an elevated state of spiritual thought.
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Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
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for soprano and octet, also arranged for piano and string quintet (1987)
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Content and Musical Language in the 'Piano Sonata' of Sofia Gubaidulina
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for trombone, saxophone quartet, cello, double bass, and tam-tam (2005)
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on verses of Gennadi Aigi for chamber ensemble and chamber choir (1993)
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2340:"An annotated catalog of works by women composers for the double bass"
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Gubaidulina became better known abroad during the early 1980s through
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for 3 trombones, 3 percussionists, harp, harpsichord and piano (1981)
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Meditation über den Bach-Choral "Vor deinen Thron tret' ich hiermit"
1338:, cantata for mezzo-soprano, orchestra and male choir on tape (1968)
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A profoundly spiritual person, Gubaidulina defines "re-ligio" as re-
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fifteen pieces for mezzo-soprano, percussion, and contrabass (1996)
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Academy of Sciences. Institution of the Tatar Encyclopaedia. 2002.
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to write a piece for the Passion 2000 project in commemoration of
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for three trumpets, four trombones, organ, and six strings (2001)
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for harpsichord, two violins, viola, cello, and contrabass (1993)
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1883:, an arrangement for cello, double-bass and three guitars (2008)
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for mixed chorus, boy soprano, organ and large orchestra (1990)
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variants on six hexachords for bayan and large orchestra (2003)
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And: The Feast is in Full Procession (И: Празднество в разгаре)
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910:. Four motives (pitch sets) are utilized throughout the entire
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525:. Among some non-musical influences of considerable import are
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1052:. In 2005 she was elected as a foreign honorary member of the
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from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially
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Sofia Gubaidulina on the Official site of the Moscow Regiment
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for violin, double bass, piano and two percussionists (2014)
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for flute (flute and alto flute), violin, and strings (1996)
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for symphony orchestra and jazz band (1976, rev. 1995, 2002)
1056:. In 2009, she became Dr. honoris causa of Yale University.
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Living Composer Prize of the Cannes Classical Awards in 2003
453:, a traditional Japanese instrument is featured in her work
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in 2003, the first female composer of the series. Her work
213:
2265:". theomniscientmussel.com. Retrieved on 6 September 2008.
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Koussevitzky International Record Award (in 1989 and 1994)
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2415:"The Parameter Complex in the Music of Sofia Gubaidulina"
1877:, an arrangement for double-bass and three guitars (2007)
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concerto for violin and orchestra (1980, rev. 1982, 1986)
529:(Swiss thinker and founder of analytical psychology) and
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3051:. Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A. 14 February 2017
3019:"Sofia Gubaidulina Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"
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for (mezzo-)soprano, flute, harpsichord and cello (1988)
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Her 90th birthday in October 2021 was celebrated by the
1584:
Five Etudes for harp, double bass and percussion (1965)
1575:
Quintet for piano, two violins, viola, and cello (1957)
609:, a sonata for violin and cello, Gubaidulina explains,
259:
she undertook further studies at the Conservatory with
4029:
2680:
2605:"Shostakovich String Quartet 15. Gubaidulina Rejoice!"
2537:
2522:
2386:
2250:
Kompozitor Al'fred Shnitke (Composer Alfred Schnittke)
1692:
for cello and organ (1979), for bayan and cello (1991)
389:
in the 2005 proms. In 2007 her second violin concerto
4590:
2067:
conducted by Ryusuke Numajiri, the second by flutist
2059:(1994). The first performed by cellist and conductor
1909:
for violin, double-bass, piano, and percussion (2013)
4448:
Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
1039:
Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
2328:, Alison Latham, ed., Oxford University Press, 2003
1813:
for saxophone quartet and six percussionists (1994)
1766:
for seven percussionists, including cymbalom (1991)
1482:
for soprano, bass, mixed choir and orchestra (2015)
1297:, concerto for bayan, percussion and strings (2009)
965:she has in her home was a gift from Rostropovich.
373:, she was the 13th composer featured in the annual
1943:Film scores (partial list from more than 30 films)
1897:for viola, double-bass and two guitars (2010/2013)
597:this through the use of micro-chromaticism (i.e.,
3195:"Sofia Gubaidulina (biography, works, resources)"
2787:"Heidelberg Artist Prize 1991: Sofia Gubaidulina"
2670:"Magic numbers in the music of Sofia Gubaidulina"
2573:36, no. 1 (Winter 1998): 5–41, citation on p. 11.
1798:... Early in the Morning, Right before Waking ...
1623:Quattro for two trumpets and two trombones (1974)
1344:, cantata for baryton and chamber ensemble (1969)
1328:, vocal cycle for soprano and orchestra based on
1024:Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
235:Gubaidulina studied composition and piano at the
4638:
3497:
2869:"Prismodtager 1999 Sofia Gubaidulina, komponist"
1891:for two pianos tuned a quarter-tone apart (2008)
1722:, march for brass ensemble and percussion (1982)
1265:for koto, bass koto, zheng, and orchestra (1998)
989:Ludwig-Spohr-Preis der Stadt Braunschweig (1995)
465:is a cello concerto/choral hybrid, dedicated to
3439:
2724:"At 90, a Composer Is Still Sending Out Blasts"
2381:Composer to Composer: Conversations About Music
1303:for flute, clarinet and string orchestra (2014)
1250:The Canticle of the Sun of St Francis of Assisi
1203:concerto for piano and chamber orchestra (1978)
110:The Canticle of the Sun of St Francis of Assisi
4712:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)
2337:
1289:, concerto for percussion and orchestra (2008)
1253:for cello, chamber choir and percussion (1997)
310:. In 1979, she was blacklisted as one of the "
271:Russia, due to its exploration of alternative
255:, we actually knew everything on the sly." In
4432:
4015:
3521:
3425:
3251:
2983:"Honorary Degree Citations Commencement 2009"
2706:, DMA diss., University of North Texas, 1998.
2583:"Shostakovich String Quartet 15. Gubaidulina
2494:
2492:
4707:Recipients of the Léonie Sonning Music Prize
2301:"Sofia Gubaidulina: Perception | YellowBarn"
1071:BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award
2631:, "The Composer as Seer, but Not Prophet",
1263:Im Schatten des Baumes (В тени под деревом)
1197:Concerto for bassoon and low strings (1975)
1048:In 2001 she became honour professor of the
4722:Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists
4439:
4425:
4022:
4008:
3528:
3514:
3432:
3418:
3258:
3244:
2489:
1865:for violin, percussion, and strings (2006)
1704:for flute, viola, harp and narrator (1980)
1315:, concerto for violin and orchestra (2018)
1283:, concerto for violin and orchestra (2007)
1257:Two Paths: A Dedication to Mary and Martha
1007:Preis der Stiftung Bibel und Kultur (1999)
784:about living persons that is unsourced or
509:, although she had periods of devotion to
490:, sonata for organ and percussion (1978),
189:Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
31:
3211:Sofia Gubaidulina on the Site "Krugosvet"
2432:
2252:, Publishing House "Arkaim", 2003, p. 40
1817:Aus der Visionen der Hildegard von Bingen
1596:fourteen piano pieces for children (1969)
1444:Aus den Visionen der Hildegard von Bingen
1275:...The Deceitful Face of Hope and Despair
1022:Great Distinguished Service Cross of the
968:
855:Learn how and when to remove this message
393:was performed at the Lucerne Festival by
3298:Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion
3144:
3117:
2686:
2555:
2543:
2531:
2498:
2392:
2237:
2056:Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion
1871:for cello and quartet of guitars (2007)
1737:String Quartet No. 2 (1987), appears on
1677:, sonata for organ and percussion (1978)
1432:Jetzt immer Schnee (Теперь всегда снега)
1233:Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion
992:Kulturpreis des Kreises Pinneberg (1997)
944:register—separated by rests marked with
103:Music for Flute, Strings, and Percussion
4742:Russian Orthodox Christians from Russia
4667:Eastern Orthodox Christians from Russia
4336:Afghanistan National Institute of Music
2899:"Stiftung Bibel und Kultur – Aktuelles"
2667:
2472:"Gubaidulina (The) Canticle of the Sun"
2338:Rebeca Tavares, Furtado (Spring 2019).
2221:, 30 October – 5 November 2021, p. 132.
1626:Sonata for double bass and piano (1975)
1259:for two viola solo and orchestra (1998)
1245:Concerto for viola and orchestra (1996)
1143:The Unasked Answer (Antwort ohne Frage)
1035:Russian Cultural Prize "Triumph" (2007)
1010:Goethe-Medaille der Stadt Weimar (2001)
517:, and 16th century music, most notably
403:Sophia – Biography of a Violin Concerto
4687:Members of the Academy of Arts, Berlin
4639:
2718:
2172:"Composer Snapshot: Sofia Gubaidulina"
1782:Dancer on a Tightrope (Der Seiltänzer)
1125:, capriccio for large orchestra (1978)
980:Heidelberger Künstlerinnenpreis (1991)
494:for flute, harp and viola (1980), and
325:'s championing of her violin concerto
291:" (an adaptation of Rudyard Kipling's
4420:
4003:
3509:
3496:
3413:
3265:
3239:
2849:"Five artists win Praemium Imperiale"
2714:
2712:
2663:
2661:
2409:
2405:
2403:
2401:
1645:Lied ohne Worte (Songs without words)
1620:for percussion and harpsichord (1974)
408:Since 1992, Gubaidulina has lived in
365:. In 2002 she followed this with the
355:Internationale Bachakademie Stuttgart
298:In the mid-1970s Gubaidulina founded
199:, to an ethnically mixed family of a
4717:Recipients of the Praemium Imperiale
3537:Léonie Sonning Music Prize Laureates
2957:American Academy of Arts and Letters
2831:"Kreispräsident weist Kritik zurück"
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2166:
2164:
1734:for viola, bassoon, and piano (1984)
1716:, sonata for violin and cello (1981)
1702:Garten von Freuden und Traurigkeiten
1686:Two Pieces for horn and piano (1979)
1492:
1440:for contralto and double bass (1994)
1307:Concerto for violin, cello and bayan
1163:for large orchestra and organ (2002)
1054:American Academy of Arts and Letters
746:
397:. Its creation has been depicted in
123:Concerto for violin, cello and bayan
2771:. 24 September 2013. Archived from
1778:for bayan and two contrabass (1992)
1772:for bayan, violin, and cello (1991)
1569:
1151:for orchestra and 7 reciters (1992)
1145:collage for three orchestras (1989)
1133:symphony in twelve movements (1986)
933:element, which gradually broadens.
341:. In 2000, Gubaidulina, along with
13:
4782:Tatar people from the Soviet Union
2709:
2658:
2398:
2099:
1752:Ein Walzerpass nach Johann Strauss
1656:Duo sonata for two bassoons (1977)
1638:for bass clarinet and piano (1976)
1390:Ein Walzerpass nach Johann Strauss
449:for cello and organ or bayan. The
227:She has been married three times.
14:
4803:
4737:Russian women classical composers
3172:
2917:"Bilderservice – Goethe-Institut"
2753:. 15 October 2013. Archived from
2668:Tsenova, Valeria (January 2002).
2263:Sofia Gubaidulina: Johnnespassion
2224:
2161:
1764:Gerade und ungerade (Чет и нечет)
1726:In the Beginning There was Rhythm
1632:for two trumpets and piano (1976)
1167:The Light of the End (Свет конца)
335:, using the text from the poet's
283:, a 70mm film shot in the unique
275:. She was supported, however, by
4747:Soviet women classical composers
4657:21st-century classical composers
4652:20th-century classical composers
4624:
4612:
4600:
3394:
3393:
3216:Interview with Sofia Gubaidulina
3189:Hans Sikorski: Sofia Gubaidulina
3179:Classical.net: Sofia Gubaidulina
2655:129, no. 1741 (March 1988): 123.
1835:Reflections on the theme B–A–C–H
1590:for double bass and piano (1966)
1410:for mixed choir and organ (1989)
1384:Letter to the Poetess Rimma Dalo
1155:Figures of Time (Фигуры времени)
751:
3093:
3072:
3063:
3037:
3011:
2993:
2975:
2945:
2927:
2909:
2891:
2861:
2841:
2823:
2805:
2779:
2761:
2743:
2692:
2640:
2622:
2597:
2576:
2561:
2504:
2464:
2449:
2373:
2350:
2331:
2318:
2293:
2268:
1925:
1728:for seven percussionists (1984)
1402:Two Songs on German Folk Poetry
1319:
1032:Europäischer Kulturpreis (2005)
314:" at the Sixth Congress of the
4732:Russian expatriates in Germany
2751:"The Prince Pierre Foundation"
2649:, "Encountering Gubaidulina",
2255:
2242:
2202:
2197:Sofia Gubaidulina: A Biography
2189:
2155:). Retrieved 12 February 2021
2142:
2124:
2085:Saint Petersburg conducted by
2026:
1849:for seven violoncelli and two
1671:Quartet for four flutes (1977)
1641:Trio for three trumpets (1976)
1277:for flute and orchestra (2005)
1228:for cello and orchestra (1993)
1185:
742:
414:Royal Swedish Academy of Music
156:София Әсгать кызы Гобәйдуллина
155:
1:
3355:The Cat Who Walked by Herself
2149:Gubaydulina, Sofiya Asgatovna
2093:
2004:The Cat Who Walked by Herself
1938:, for violin and piano (1995)
1889:Fantasia on the Theme S–H–E–A
1760:for six percussionists (1991)
1194:for cello and ensemble (1972)
1104:
871:(1962), Piano Sonata (1965),
673:other like series, including
178:
158:; born 24 October 1931) is a
137:Софи́я Асгáтовна Губaйду́лина
4777:21st-century women composers
4772:20th-century women composers
3498:Awards for Sofia Gubaidulina
2637:190 (September 1994): 15–16.
2370:, H & D, Paris 2004. 129
2139:. Retrieved 10 February 2021
1857:Verwandlung (Transformation)
1843:for eight violoncelli (2002)
1647:for trumpet and piano (1977)
1398:for soprano and octet (1987)
1386:for soprano and cello (1985)
1350:for soprano and piano (1972)
1161:The Rider on the White Horse
1013:Moscow Silenzio-Preis (2001)
977:Premio Franco Abbiati (1991)
887:genres and the influence of
762:biography of a living person
492:The Garden of Joy and Sorrow
419:
16:Russian composer (born 1931)
7:
4727:Russian classical composers
4672:German electronic musicians
4662:Deutsche Grammophon artists
3184:Schirmer: Sofia Gubaidulina
3124:. New Series (206): 29–35.
2083:Mariinsky Theatre Orchestra
1745:String Quartet No. 3 (1987)
1698:for 4 percussionists (1979)
1668:for 7 percussionists (1977)
1611:String Quartet No. 1 (1971)
1608:for chamber ensemble (1971)
1565:for bayan (2003, rev. 2011)
1380:for a cappella choir (1984)
1378:Hommage à Marina Tsvetayeva
789:must be removed immediately
732:Ten Preludes for Solo Cello
361:. Her contribution was the
133:Sofia Asgatovna Gubaidulina
10:
4808:
4697:Moscow Conservatory alumni
4381:Ensemble intercontemporain
1966:by Ivan Kiasashvili (1982)
1683:for flute and piano (1978)
1653:for domra and piano (1977)
1581:for flute and piano (1963)
1498:Serenade for guitar (1960)
1356:for voice and piano (1973)
1175:for large orchestra (2006)
1169:for large orchestra (2003)
1157:for large orchestra (1994)
1139:for large orchestra (1989)
1002:Léonie Sonning Music Prize
983:Russian State Prize (1992)
353:, was commissioned by the
263:until 1959, and then with
4792:Women in electronic music
4692:Kazan Conservatory alumni
4454:
4359:
4244:
4129:
4038:
3956:
3885:
3814:
3743:
3672:
3601:
3560:
3543:
3503:
3447:
3389:
3373:
3322:
3273:
3197:(in French and English).
3157:10.1017/s0040298200014662
3130:10.1017/S0040298200006707
2570:Perspectives of New Music
2346:– via academia.edu.
2326:Oxford Companion to Music
2073:London Symphony Orchestra
1837:for string quartet (2002)
1811:In Erwartung (В ожидании)
1662:for tuba and piano (1977)
1553:, sonata for bayan (1986)
1537:Sonatina for flute (1978)
1507:Toccata for guitar (1969)
1501:Chaconne for piano (1963)
1269:Under the Sign of Scorpio
455:In the Shadow of the Tree
316:Union of Soviet Composers
230:
136:
78:
46:
30:
23:
4787:Musicians from Tatarstan
4191:Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau
3639:Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau
1954:by Ideya Garanina (1981)
1825:for cello quartet (1996)
1130:Stimmen... Verstummen...
1099:
1078:New England Conservatory
716:consonance to dissonance
683:Stimmen... Verstummen...
536:
183:Gubaidulina was born in
88:Stimmen... Verstummen...
3580:Witold Lutosławski
3306:The Canticle of the Sun
2939:www.polarmusicprize.org
2813:"Bisherige Preisträger"
2157:(subscription required)
2136:Encyclopædia Britannica
2106:"Гобәйдуллина, София".
2051:The Canticle of the Sun
1960:by Arkadi Kordon (1981)
1841:Mirage: The Dancing Sun
379:Rheingau Musik Festival
4757:Tatar people of Russia
2835:www.kreis-pinneberg.de
2195:Kurtz, Michael, 2007.
1636:Dots, Lines and Zigzag
1602:for electronics (1970)
1559:for harpsichord (1997)
1480:O Komm, Heiliger Geist
969:Awards and recognition
776:Please help by adding
651:
630:Cello Concerto Detto-2
616:
552:
515:Second Viennese School
483:
4702:People from Chistopol
4531:Karlheinz Stockhausen
4155:Karlheinz Stockhausen
4080:Mstislav Rostropovich
3976:Pierre-Laurent Aimard
3686:Mstislav Rostropovich
3100:"Gubaidulina, Sophia"
2903:www.bibelundkultur.de
2775:on 24 September 2013.
2769:"Cronologia completa"
2280:Festspillene i Bergen
2211:, Donald Macleod and
2118:Republic of Tatarstan
2061:Mstislav Rostropovich
2041:NDR Radiophilharmonie
1982:Other works include:
1903:, for 12 celli (2011)
1600:Vivente – Non Vivente
1173:Feast During a Plague
1090:show of the same name
974:Prix de Monaco (1987)
642:
611:
547:
479:
467:Mstislav Rostropovich
385:preceded Beethoven's
359:Johann Sebastian Bach
281:On Submarine Scooters
193:Republic of Tatarstan
4483:Johann Nepomuk David
4070:Nikolaus Harnoncourt
3864:Lars Ulrik Mortensen
3769:Nikolaus Harnoncourt
3331:Adventures of Mowgli
2368:Jean-Pierre Thiollet
2344:Iowa Research Online
2324:Jonathan Walker, in
1988:Adventures of Mowgli
1964:The University Chair
1847:On the Edge of Abyss
1681:Sounds of the Forest
1651:On Tatar Folk Themes
1446:for contralto (1994)
1396:Hommage à T.S. Eliot
1222:, and strings (1982)
1181:for orchestra (2020)
1113:for orchestra (1971)
1085:Gewandhaus Orchestra
782:Contentious material
690:, were added to her
383:The Light at the End
289:Adventures of Mowgli
3852:John Eliot Gardiner
3627:Dmitri Shostakovich
3472:Vyacheslav Artyomov
3363:Mary Queen of Scots
3347:The Kreutzer Sonata
3080:"Sofia Gubaidulina"
3005:lucian.uchicago.edu
2935:"Sofia Gubaidulina"
2873:www.sonningmusik.dk
2817:www.braunschweig.de
2757:on 15 October 2013.
2722:(20 October 2021).
2434:10.30535/mto.20.3.8
2420:Music Theory Online
2131:"Sofia Gubaidulina"
2109:Tatar Encyclopaedia
2012:Mary Queen Of Scots
1996:The Kreutzer Sonata
1863:The Lyre of Orpheus
1720:Swan, Crab and Pike
1504:Piano Sonata (1965)
1486:Über Liebe und Hass
1420:Aus dem Stundenbuch
1287:Glorious Percussion
804:"Sofia Gubaidulina"
463:Canticle of the Sun
308:Vyacheslav Artyomov
277:Dmitri Shostakovich
4762:Volga Tatar people
4350:Playing for Change
4346:Anne-Sophie Mutter
4231:José Antonio Abreu
4060:Witold Lutosławski
3828:Anne-Sophie Mutter
3716:Sviatoslav Richter
3680:Marie-Claire Alain
3657:Jean-Pierre Rampal
3609:Sergiu Celibidache
3441:Khrennikov's Seven
3381:Khrennikov's Seven
3290:Stimmen Verstummen
3025:on 15 October 2013
2879:on 7 November 2012
2729:The New York Times
2305:www.yellowbarn.org
2153:Grove Music Online
1748:String Trio (1988)
1313:Dialog: Ich und Du
1281:In Tempus Praesens
1210:(Жертвоприношение)
1050:Kazan Conservatory
996:Praemium Imperiale
760:This section of a
655:Fibonacci sequence
586:among others) and
519:Gesualdo da Venosa
395:Anne-Sophie Mutter
391:In Tempus Praesens
375:Komponistenporträt
312:Khrennikov's Seven
265:Vissarion Shebalin
97:(Жертвоприношение)
4588:
4587:
4582:
4581:
4549:Sofia Gubaidulina
4513:Hans Werner Henze
4495:Helmut Lachenmann
4414:
4413:
4405:Esa-Pekka Salonen
4342:Grandmaster Flash
4165:Sofia Gubaidulina
4096:Bruce Springsteen
4032:Polar Music Prize
4030:Laureates of the
3997:
3996:
3929:Herbert Blomstedt
3805:Sofia Gubaidulina
3799:Hildegard Behrens
3775:Krystian Zimerman
3615:Arthur Rubinstein
3568:Leonard Bernstein
3490:
3489:
3477:Sofia Gubaidulina
3462:Alexander Knaifel
3407:
3406:
3267:Sofia Gubaidulina
2953:"Current Members"
2652:The Musical Times
2558:, pp. 27–31.
2037:Andreas Haefliger
1618:Rumore e silenzio
1493:Solo instrumental
1017:Polar Music Prize
1004:in Denmark (1999)
865:
864:
857:
839:
765:needs additional
578:, temple blocks,
399:Jan Schmidt-Garre
130:
129:
25:Sofia Gubaidulina
4799:
4752:Tatar Christians
4629:
4628:
4627:
4617:
4616:
4615:
4605:
4604:
4603:
4596:
4525:Alfred Schnittke
4507:Olivier Messiaen
4477:Wolfgang Fortner
4441:
4434:
4427:
4418:
4417:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4001:
4000:
3964:Barbara Hannigan
3935:Leonidas Kavakos
3876:Daniel Barenboim
3651:Olivier Messiaen
3586:Benjamin Britten
3530:
3523:
3516:
3507:
3506:
3494:
3493:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3411:
3410:
3397:
3396:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3237:
3236:
3227:
3202:
3168:
3141:
3106:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3084:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3021:. Archived from
3015:
3009:
3008:
2997:
2991:
2990:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2959:. Archived from
2949:
2943:
2942:
2931:
2925:
2924:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2886:
2884:
2875:. Archived from
2865:
2859:
2858:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2793:on 7 August 2013
2789:. Archived from
2783:
2777:
2776:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2747:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2716:
2707:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2674:researchgate.net
2665:
2656:
2644:
2638:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2615:
2601:
2595:
2580:
2574:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2529:
2520:
2508:
2502:
2496:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2468:
2462:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2436:
2411:Ewell, Philip A.
2407:
2396:
2390:
2384:
2377:
2371:
2354:
2348:
2347:
2335:
2329:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2272:
2266:
2259:
2253:
2246:
2240:
2235:
2222:
2206:
2200:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2168:
2159:
2158:
2146:
2140:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2103:
2079:Johannes-Passion
2033:Solo Piano Works
1776:Tartarische Tanz
1570:Chamber/ensemble
1557:Ritorno perpetuo
1534:for organ (1976)
1528:for piano (1974)
1519:for piano (1971)
1517:Toccata-Troncata
1513:for piano (1969)
1468:Johannes-Passion
1456:Galgenlieder à 5
1450:Galgenlieder à 3
1408:Jauchzt vor Gott
1360:Hour of the Soul
1336:Night in Memphis
1330:Mikhail Prishvin
1069:She has won the
1019:in Sweden (2002)
877:Toccata-Troncata
860:
853:
849:
846:
840:
838:
797:
778:reliable sources
755:
754:
747:
675:the Lucas Series
531:Nikolai Berdyaev
523:Josquin des Prez
363:Johannes-Passion
169:Alfred Schnittke
157:
149:
148:
147:
145:
138:
81:
60:
57:October 24, 1931
56:
54:
35:
21:
20:
4807:
4806:
4802:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4796:
4767:Tatar composers
4637:
4636:
4635:
4625:
4623:
4619:Classical music
4613:
4611:
4601:
4599:
4591:
4589:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4543:Adriana Hölszky
4519:Aribert Reimann
4465:Philipp Jarnach
4450:
4445:
4415:
4410:
4391:Angélique Kidjo
4387:Chris Blackwell
4355:
4316:Cecilia Bartoli
4256:Ennio Morricone
4240:
4125:
4056:Dizzy Gillespie
4034:
4028:
3998:
3993:
3952:
3947:Hans Abrahamsen
3893:Cecilia Bartoli
3881:
3810:
3739:
3668:
3597:
3592:Boris Christoff
3556:
3551:Igor Stravinsky
3539:
3534:
3499:
3491:
3486:
3443:
3438:
3408:
3403:
3385:
3369:
3318:
3313:Triple Concerto
3269:
3264:
3222:
3218:, 18 April 1997
3193:
3175:
3109:
3098:
3094:
3087:www.sikorski.de
3082:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3064:
3054:
3052:
3043:
3042:
3038:
3028:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3012:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2963:on 24 June 2016
2951:
2950:
2946:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2897:
2896:
2892:
2882:
2880:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2854:The Japan Times
2847:
2846:
2842:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2734:
2732:
2717:
2710:
2697:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2666:
2659:
2647:Gerard McBurney
2645:
2641:
2627:
2623:
2613:
2611:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2581:
2577:
2566:
2562:
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2509:
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2408:
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2284:
2282:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2260:
2256:
2247:
2243:
2236:
2225:
2213:Gerard McBurney
2207:
2203:
2194:
2190:
2180:
2178:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2156:
2147:
2143:
2129:
2125:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2029:
1952:The Circus Tent
1945:
1936:Astor Piazzolla
1928:
1919:Einfaches Gebet
1819:for alto (1994)
1784:for violin and
1579:Allegro Rustico
1572:
1532:Hell und Dunkel
1495:
1474:Johannes-Ostern
1354:Counting Rhymes
1322:
1188:
1179:Der Zorn Gottes
1107:
1102:
1064:Venice Biennale
998:in Japan (1998)
971:
861:
850:
844:
841:
798:
796:
775:
756:
752:
745:
638:Gerard McBurney
601:) and frequent
539:
445:for bayan, and
422:
367:Johannes-Ostern
347:Osvaldo Golijov
233:
181:
143:
140:
139:
79:
74:
61:
58:
52:
50:
42:
37:Gubaidulina in
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4805:
4795:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
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4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
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4609:
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4579:
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4576:
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4522:
4516:
4510:
4504:
4498:
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4486:
4480:
4474:
4468:
4462:
4459:Paul Hindemith
4455:
4452:
4451:
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4443:
4436:
4429:
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4411:
4409:
4408:
4398:
4384:
4374:
4363:
4361:
4357:
4356:
4354:
4353:
4339:
4329:
4319:
4309:
4306:Evelyn Glennie
4302:Emmylou Harris
4299:
4289:
4286:Kaija Saariaho
4282:Youssou N'Dour
4279:
4269:
4262:Kronos Quartet
4259:
4248:
4246:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4238:
4224:
4214:
4204:
4201:Valery Gergiev
4194:
4184:
4174:
4168:
4158:
4147:Burt Bacharach
4144:
4133:
4131:
4127:
4126:
4124:
4123:
4120:Iannis Xenakis
4113:
4103:
4093:
4083:
4073:
4063:
4053:
4046:Paul McCartney
4042:
4040:
4036:
4035:
4027:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3992:
3991:
3988:Emmanuel Pahud
3985:
3982:Evelyn Glennie
3979:
3973:
3967:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3950:
3944:
3941:Mariss Jansons
3938:
3932:
3926:
3920:
3914:
3908:
3902:
3899:Kaija Saariaho
3896:
3889:
3887:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3861:
3855:
3849:
3843:
3837:
3834:Alfred Brendel
3831:
3825:
3818:
3816:
3812:
3811:
3809:
3808:
3802:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3747:
3745:
3741:
3740:
3738:
3737:
3731:
3728:Peter Schreier
3725:
3722:Heinz Holliger
3719:
3713:
3707:
3701:
3698:Rafael Kubelík
3695:
3689:
3683:
3676:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3645:Mogens Wöldike
3642:
3636:
3633:Andrés Segovia
3630:
3624:
3621:Yehudi Menuhin
3618:
3612:
3605:
3603:
3599:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3589:
3583:
3577:
3574:Birgit Nilsson
3571:
3564:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3500:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3482:Edison Denisov
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3457:Dmitri Smirnov
3454:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3437:
3436:
3429:
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3414:
3405:
3404:
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3208:
3203:
3191:
3186:
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3174:
3173:External links
3171:
3170:
3169:
3151:(209): 27–31.
3142:
3108:
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3092:
3071:
3062:
3036:
3010:
2992:
2989:. 25 May 2009.
2974:
2944:
2926:
2908:
2890:
2860:
2857:. 9 July 1998.
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2330:
2317:
2292:
2267:
2254:
2248:V. Kholopova.
2241:
2223:
2201:
2188:
2176:www.boosey.com
2160:
2141:
2123:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2087:Valery Gergiev
2076:
2069:Emmanuel Pahud
2048:
2028:
2025:
2017:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1980:
1979:
1967:
1961:
1958:Veliki Samoyed
1955:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1932:Le Grand Tango
1927:
1924:
1923:
1922:
1916:
1910:
1904:
1898:
1892:
1886:
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1884:
1878:
1866:
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1854:
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1832:
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1820:
1814:
1808:
1805:Kronos Quartet
1801:
1795:
1789:
1779:
1773:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1735:
1732:Quasi hoquetus
1729:
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1381:
1375:
1369:
1366:Laudatio Pacis
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1332:'s poem (1956)
1321:
1318:
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1111:Fairytale Poem
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967:
863:
862:
786:poorly sourced
759:
757:
750:
744:
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538:
535:
421:
418:
387:Symphony No. 9
232:
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180:
177:
173:Edison Denisov
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48:
44:
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4708:
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4703:
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4683:
4682:Living people
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4620:
4610:
4608:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4574:
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4568:
4565:
4562:
4561:Pierre Boulez
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4544:
4541:
4538:
4537:Wolfgang Rihm
4535:
4532:
4529:
4526:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4514:
4511:
4508:
4505:
4502:
4501:György Ligeti
4499:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4484:
4481:
4478:
4475:
4472:
4471:Boris Blacher
4469:
4466:
4463:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4449:
4442:
4437:
4435:
4430:
4428:
4423:
4422:
4419:
4406:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4372:
4368:
4367:Anna Netrebko
4365:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4337:
4333:
4330:
4327:
4326:Wayne Shorter
4323:
4320:
4317:
4313:
4310:
4307:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4296:Peter Sellars
4293:
4290:
4287:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4267:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4253:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4243:
4236:
4232:
4228:
4227:Peter Gabriel
4225:
4222:
4221:Renée Fleming
4218:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4207:Sonny Rollins
4205:
4202:
4198:
4195:
4192:
4188:
4185:
4182:
4181:György Ligeti
4178:
4175:
4172:
4171:Keith Jarrett
4169:
4166:
4162:
4161:Miriam Makeba
4159:
4156:
4152:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4138:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4128:
4121:
4117:
4116:Stevie Wonder
4114:
4111:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4090:Pierre Boulez
4087:
4086:Joni Mitchell
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4071:
4067:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4050:Baltic states
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3859:
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3850:
3847:
3846:Keith Jarrett
3844:
3841:
3840:György Kurtág
3838:
3835:
3832:
3829:
3826:
3823:
3822:Michala Petri
3820:
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3806:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3794:
3793:András Schiff
3791:
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3782:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3770:
3767:
3764:
3761:
3758:
3755:
3752:
3751:György Ligeti
3749:
3748:
3746:
3742:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3723:
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3714:
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3710:Pierre Boulez
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3467:Viktor Suslin
3465:
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3452:Elena Firsova
3450:
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2987:news.yale.edu
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2930:
2922:
2921:www.goethe.de
2918:
2912:
2904:
2900:
2894:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2844:
2836:
2832:
2826:
2818:
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2808:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2774:
2770:
2764:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2721:
2720:Marcus, J. S.
2715:
2713:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2689:, p. 29.
2688:
2687:Lukomsky 1999
2683:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2662:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2610:
2606:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2571:
2564:
2557:
2556:Lukomsky 1999
2552:
2546:, p. 27.
2545:
2544:Lukomsky 1999
2540:
2534:, p. 34.
2533:
2532:Lukomsky 1998
2528:
2526:
2519:66 (259): 31.
2518:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2500:
2499:Lukomsky 1998
2495:
2493:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2457:
2452:
2444:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2412:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2395:, p. 33.
2394:
2393:Lukomsky 1998
2389:
2382:
2376:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2345:
2341:
2334:
2327:
2321:
2306:
2302:
2296:
2281:
2277:
2271:
2264:
2258:
2251:
2245:
2239:
2238:Lukomsky 1999
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2210:
2205:
2198:
2192:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2110:
2102:
2098:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2065:London Voices
2062:
2058:
2057:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2045:Bernhard Klee
2043:conducted by
2042:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2024:
2022:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1971:The Scarecrow
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1920:
1917:
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1911:
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1765:
1762:
1759:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1740:Short Stories
1736:
1733:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1700:
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1400:
1397:
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1327:
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1302:
1299:
1296:
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1279:
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1267:
1264:
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1251:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1190:
1189:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1171:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1137:Pro et Contra
1135:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1080:, in Boston.
1079:
1074:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1051:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
972:
966:
964:
961:
956:
952:
949:
947:
941:
939:
934:
932:
926:
924:
920:
915:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
870:
859:
856:
848:
845:December 2012
837:
834:
830:
827:
823:
820:
816:
813:
809:
806: –
805:
801:
800:Find sources:
794:
790:
787:
783:
779:
773:
772:
768:
763:
758:
749:
748:
740:
738:
733:
729:
725:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
695:
693:
689:
685:
684:
680:
676:
670:
667:
662:
660:
656:
650:
648:
641:
639:
633:
631:
627:
622:
620:
615:
610:
608:
604:
600:
599:quarter tones
594:
592:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
560:
557:
551:
546:
544:
534:
532:
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508:
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448:
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436:
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426:
417:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:Wolfgang Rihm
348:
344:
340:
339:
338:Four Quartets
334:
330:
329:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:Viktor Suslin
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
270:
266:
262:
261:Nikolay Peyko
258:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
228:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
206:
203:father and a
202:
198:
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186:
176:
174:
170:
165:
161:
153:
146:
134:
124:
121:
119:
118:
114:
112:
111:
107:
105:
104:
100:
98:
96:
92:
90:
89:
85:
84:
83:
77:
73:
69:
65:
59:(age 92)
49:
45:
40:
34:
29:
22:
19:
4573:Jörg Widmann
4548:
4489:Ernst Krenek
4401:Nile Rodgers
4371:Diane Warren
4197:Led Zeppelin
4187:Gilberto Gil
4164:
4110:Ravi Shankar
4100:Eric Ericson
4066:Quincy Jones
3917:Martin Fröst
3911:Simon Rattle
3905:Jordi Savall
3804:
3781:Yuri Bashmet
3757:Eric Ericson
3734:Gidon Kremer
3476:
3361:
3353:
3345:
3337:
3329:
3304:
3296:
3288:
3280:
3266:
3223:
3146:
3119:
3111:
3110:
3095:
3086:
3074:
3065:
3055:16 September
3053:. Retrieved
3048:
3039:
3027:. Retrieved
3023:the original
3013:
3004:
2995:
2986:
2977:
2965:. Retrieved
2961:the original
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2911:
2902:
2893:
2881:. Retrieved
2877:the original
2872:
2863:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2825:
2816:
2807:
2795:. Retrieved
2791:the original
2781:
2773:the original
2763:
2755:the original
2745:
2733:. Retrieved
2727:
2703:
2700:Organizacija
2699:
2694:
2682:
2673:
2650:
2642:
2632:
2629:Claire Polin
2624:
2612:. Retrieved
2608:
2599:
2590:
2584:
2578:
2568:
2563:
2551:
2539:
2514:
2506:
2501:, p. 33
2479:. Retrieved
2475:
2466:
2451:
2424:
2418:
2388:
2380:
2375:
2356:
2352:
2343:
2333:
2325:
2320:
2308:. Retrieved
2304:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2279:
2270:
2257:
2244:
2216:
2204:
2196:
2191:
2179:. Retrieved
2175:
2144:
2134:
2126:
2112:(in Tatar).
2107:
2101:
2078:
2054:
2050:
2032:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1986:
1981:
1969:
1963:
1957:
1951:
1946:
1931:
1926:Arrangements
1918:
1912:
1906:
1900:
1895:Sotto voce,
1894:
1888:
1880:
1874:
1869:Ravvedimento
1868:
1862:
1856:
1846:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:
1816:
1810:
1797:
1791:
1786:string piano
1781:
1775:
1769:
1763:
1757:
1751:
1738:
1731:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1701:
1695:
1689:
1680:
1674:
1665:
1659:
1650:
1644:
1635:
1629:
1617:
1605:
1599:
1594:Musical Toys
1593:
1587:
1578:
1562:
1556:
1550:
1541:De Profundis
1540:
1531:
1525:
1516:
1511:Musical Toys
1510:
1485:
1479:
1473:
1467:
1462:Sonnengesang
1461:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1419:
1413:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1389:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1325:
1320:Vocal/choral
1312:
1300:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1274:
1268:
1262:
1256:
1248:
1239:
1231:
1225:
1216:Sieben Worte
1215:
1206:
1200:
1191:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1128:
1122:
1116:
1110:
1082:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1058:
1047:
957:
953:
950:
942:
935:
927:
916:
907:
903:
895:
893:
880:
876:
873:Musical Toys
872:
868:
866:
851:
842:
832:
825:
818:
811:
799:
788:
771:verification
764:
731:
723:
720:
700:articulation
696:
681:
671:
665:
663:
659:golden ratio
652:
643:
634:
629:
623:
618:
617:
612:
606:
595:
564:In Erwartung
563:
561:
553:
548:
540:
507:Anton Webern
500:
495:
491:
487:
484:
480:
471:
462:
454:
446:
438:
431:De profundis
430:
427:
423:
407:
402:
390:
382:
366:
362:
336:
326:
323:Gidon Kremer
320:
299:
297:
292:
285:Kinopanorama
280:
234:
226:
197:Russian SFSR
182:
132:
131:
115:
108:
101:
93:
86:
80:Notable work
72:Russian SFSR
18:
4647:1931 births
4292:Chuck Berry
4266:Patti Smith
4211:Steve Reich
4151:Robert Moog
4141:Isaac Stern
4106:Ray Charles
3923:Thomas Adès
3787:Per Nørgård
3763:Georg Solti
3704:Miles Davis
3692:Isaac Stern
3663:Janet Baker
3334:(1967–1971)
3323:Film scores
3282:Offertorium
3104:Animator.ru
2511:Moody, Ivan
2218:Radio Times
2209:BBC Radio 3
2053:(1997) and
2027:Discography
2021:Animator.ru
1991:(1967–1971)
1976:Rolan Bykov
1907:So sei es,
1851:waterphones
1630:Two Ballads
1606:Concordanza
1551:Et Exspecto
1218:for cello,
1208:Offertorium
1186:Concertante
1123:Te Salutant
1117:Revue Music
1094:BBC Radio 3
963:grand piano
919:syncopation
900:sonata form
743:Piano music
724:Concordanza
666:Perceptions
371:Walter Fink
333:T. S. Eliot
328:Offertorium
293:Jungle Book
210:composition
201:Volga Tatar
95:Offertorium
4641:Categories
4567:Unsuk Chin
4312:Max Martin
4272:Paul Simon
4235:El Sistema
4217:Pink Floyd
4076:Elton John
3970:Unsuk Chin
3029:15 October
2735:21 October
2609:Gramophone
2592:Gramophone
2476:Gramophone
2379:Quoted in
2094:References
1881:Repentance
1875:Pentimento
1823:Quaternion
1666:Misterioso
1372:Perception
1105:Orchestral
908:Allegretto
889:J. S. Bach
815:newspapers
728:modulating
692:repertoire
568:percussion
503:J. S. Bach
475:Ivan Moody
439:Et expecto
245:Stravinsky
179:Early life
135:(Russian:
53:1931-10-24
4607:Biography
4395:Arvo Pärt
4332:Metallica
4177:B.B. King
4137:Bob Dylan
3870:Arvo Pärt
3339:Scarecrow
3165:143622551
3138:143906868
3049:BBVA News
2967:15 August
2443:1067-3040
1901:Labyrinth
1829:Risonanza
1708:Descensio
1696:Jubilatio
1588:Pantomime
1526:Invention
1438:Ein Engel
1240:Impromptu
1201:Introitus
931:cantabile
881:Invention
767:citations
688:Fibonacci
603:glissandi
588:saxophone
566:combines
527:Carl Jung
496:Descensio
488:Detto – I
420:Aesthetic
222:Beethoven
191:(now the
185:Chistopol
162:-Russian
64:Chistopol
39:Sortavala
4377:Iggy Pop
4276:Yo-Yo Ma
3858:Yo-Yo Ma
3399:Category
3224:Fachwerk
2883:7 August
2797:7 August
2585:Rejoice!
2413:(2014).
2364:& Co
2071:and the
1913:Pilgrims
1807:) (1993)
1770:Silenzio
1714:Rejoice!
1690:In Croce
1414:Alleluja
1342:Rubaijat
1326:Phacelia
1294:Fachwerk
1192:Detto II
960:Steinway
946:fermatas
923:ostinato
879:(1971),
875:(1968),
869:Chaconne
793:libelous
679:symphony
647:Messiaen
640:states:
626:clusters
619:Rejoice!
607:Rejoice!
584:tam-tams
556:rhythmic
447:In croce
401:'s film
164:composer
117:Fachwerk
4593:Portals
4555:Tan Dun
3374:Related
3231:YouTube
3112:Sources
2614:13 June
2481:13 June
2310:13 June
1675:Detto I
1660:Lamento
1563:Cadenza
938:cadenza
896:Allegro
885:baroque
829:scholar
712:texture
657:or the
591:quartet
580:cymbals
410:Hamburg
377:of the
343:Tan Dun
300:Astreja
273:tunings
205:Russian
4575:(2023)
4569:(2019)
4563:(2015)
4557:(2011)
4551:(2007)
4545:(2003)
4539:(1999)
4533:(1995)
4527:(1992)
4521:(1987)
4515:(1983)
4509:(1979)
4503:(1975)
4497:(1972)
4491:(1966)
4485:(1963)
4479:(1960)
4473:(1957)
4467:(1954)
4461:(1951)
4407:(2024)
4397:(2023)
4383:(2022)
4373:(2020)
4352:(2019)
4338:(2018)
4328:(2017)
4318:(2016)
4308:(2015)
4298:(2014)
4288:(2013)
4278:(2012)
4268:(2011)
4258:(2010)
4237:(2009)
4223:(2008)
4213:(2007)
4203:(2006)
4193:(2005)
4183:(2004)
4173:(2003)
4167:(2002)
4157:(2001)
4143:(2000)
4122:(1999)
4112:(1998)
4102:(1997)
4092:(1996)
4082:(1995)
4072:(1994)
4062:(1993)
4052:(1992)
4048:/ the
3990:(2024)
3984:(2023)
3978:(2022)
3972:(2021)
3966:(2020)
3949:(2019)
3943:(2018)
3937:(2017)
3931:(2016)
3925:(2015)
3919:(2014)
3913:(2013)
3907:(2012)
3901:(2011)
3895:(2010)
3878:(2009)
3872:(2008)
3866:(2007)
3860:(2006)
3854:(2005)
3848:(2004)
3842:(2003)
3836:(2002)
3830:(2001)
3824:(2000)
3807:(1999)
3801:(1998)
3795:(1997)
3789:(1996)
3783:(1995)
3777:(1994)
3771:(1993)
3765:(1992)
3759:(1991)
3753:(1990)
3736:(1989)
3730:(1988)
3724:(1987)
3718:(1986)
3712:(1985)
3706:(1984)
3700:(1983)
3694:(1982)
3688:(1981)
3682:(1980)
3665:(1979)
3659:(1978)
3653:(1977)
3647:(1976)
3641:(1975)
3635:(1974)
3629:(1973)
3623:(1972)
3617:(1971)
3611:(1970)
3594:(1969)
3588:(1968)
3582:(1967)
3576:(1966)
3570:(1965)
3553:(1959)
3366:(2013)
3358:(1988)
3350:(1987)
3342:(1984)
3315:(2017)
3309:(1997)
3301:(1994)
3293:(1986)
3285:(1980)
3226:, 2009
3163:
3136:
2441:
2285:6 July
2181:5 June
2116:: The
2015:(2013)
2007:(1988)
1999:(1987)
1978:(1984)
1853:(2002)
1788:(1993)
1547:(1978)
1309:(2017)
1301:Warum?
1236:(1994)
1149:Stufen
1041:(2007)
1026:(2002)
912:sonata
906:, and
904:Adagio
831:
824:
817:
810:
802:
737:timbre
708:rhythm
704:melody
576:güiros
572:bongos
543:legato
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