31:
319:. Smith's home was situated within the Southern District of Alabama, and StrikeLines' web servers (where the theft was alleged to have taken place) was situated within the Middle District of Florida. The District Court concluded that factual disputes regarding venue were for the jury to resolve, and denied Smith's motion. After being convicted, Smith moved for a judgment of acquittal based on improper venue, which was denied.
372:
Nor, he argues, does the text of the
Vicinage Clause support Smith's contentions. It specifies that jurors in a trial must be drawn from the place where the crime is alleged to have been committed. It is, however, more narrow than the Venue Clause, as the Vicinage Clause demands that jurors be drawn
298:
Smith used a web application to harvest StrikeLines' data and invited others to contact him and "see what ree coordinates StrikeLines had discovered". When contacted by StrikeLines, Smith offered to remove social media posts regarding the company on the condition that, in exchange, they disclose to
113:
Whether the proper remedy for the government's failure to prove venue is an acquittal barring re-prosecution of the offense, as the Fifth and Eighth
Circuits have held, or whether instead the government may re-try the defendant for the same offense in a different venue, as the Sixth, Ninth, Tenth,
380:
Alito goes on to argue that the history regarding the two clauses does not support Smith's assertion that they should be exempt from the retrial rule. In his survey of the common law (and of the years immediately following the adoption of the
Constitution), he finds no example of a court barring
358:
Alito reasons that the purpose of the clause is not to prevent the infliction of harm upon a defendant who has undergone trial in an improper venue, for any criminal trial presents unique burdens and hardships. Additionally, criticizes Smith's argument that the clause is intended to prevent
342:
Justice Alito begins his opinion by outlining the Court's longstanding rule stating that defendants who have had their convictions reversed may typically be retried on the same charges. The Court has recognized one exception to this rule: violations of the
363:
For example, a resident of New York charged with committing a crime during a short visit to Hawaii may be tried in Hawaii under the Venue Clause even though that trial may be very inconvenient. Equally telling, the Clause would
326:
determined that the venue for the trade secrets charge was improper, but concluded that this error did not bar reprosecution, saying that the "Double
Jeopardy lause is not implicated by a retrial in a proper venue".
312:
278:
company that used sonar equipment to detect artificial reefs constructed to attract fish. StrikeLines would sell the coordinates of these reefs to interested parties. StrikeLines' offices were located in
311:
Smith was indicted in the
Northern District of Florida on charges of, among others, theft of trade secrets. Before trial, he moved to dismiss the charges for lack of venue, citing Article III's
377:
where the crime has taken place. Alito argues that any remedy offered by the text of the
Vicinage Clause must therefore be at least as narrow as any remedy offered by the Venue Clause.
2678:
1659:
1568:
2688:
381:
retrial based on a successful venue or vicinage objection. Courts in fact uniformly allowed retrials amid such objections. Alito concludes his opinion by stating that the
987:
1227:
1083:
923:
719:
323:
2668:
1147:
350:
Text and tradition, Alito says, do not provide support for granting another exception to the rule in a case like Smith's. The text of the Venue Clause reads:
482:
430:
79:
1123:
1107:
254:. The Court held that a defendant may be retried following a jury trial conducted in the improper venue before a jury drawn from the incorrect district.
1552:
1339:
550:
251:
229:
225:
2590:
541:
553:
247:
221:
124:
The
Constitution permits the retrial of a defendant following a trial in an improper venue conducted before a jury drawn from the wrong district.
303:
spots" that he had been unable to obtain from the website. These negotiations eventually failed, and StrikeLines contacted law-enforcement.
2673:
403:
2624:
1330:
2663:
1022:
534:
2431:
1723:
2204:
1635:
1485:
35:
2683:
2390:
567:
1171:
767:
2351:
2252:
947:
527:
2065:
335:
On June 16, 2022, Smith petitioned the
Supreme Court to hear his case. On December 13, 2022, the Court granted
1643:
1902:
519:
2233:
1323:
971:
904:
668:
284:
267:
63:
2089:
1782:
711:
243:
2295:
1608:
1600:
1259:
1187:
596:
347:, since if the first trial violated this right then no subsequent trial could possibly be more speedy.
292:
354:
Trial of all Crimes . . . shall be held in the State where the . . . Crimes shall have been committed.
2184:
1977:
1755:
1592:
1504:
1365:
1071:
735:
612:
339:. On June 15, 2023, Justice Samuel Alito issued a unanimous opinion affirming the Eleventh Circuit.
2570:
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1985:
1747:
1731:
1707:
1512:
1381:
1179:
1038:
2439:
2159:
2001:
1886:
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1851:
1691:
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1316:
1219:
979:
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802:
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628:
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1203:
853:
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751:
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1675:
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1251:
1091:
963:
861:
580:
486:
434:
191:
74:
2479:
2423:
2311:
2303:
2105:
1958:
1683:
1389:
1014:
885:
385:
does not preclude the possibility for retrial in the case of venue or vicinage objections.
493:
8:
2608:
2511:
2327:
2196:
2057:
2049:
2041:
1790:
1528:
1477:
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1308:
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1211:
1163:
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1115:
931:
775:
344:
2632:
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2503:
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2359:
2212:
2073:
1937:
1822:
1814:
1584:
1576:
1431:
1195:
1131:
1099:
1046:
1030:
620:
2495:
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2335:
2279:
2271:
2140:
2017:
1894:
1830:
1806:
1798:
1627:
1235:
939:
877:
759:
359:
logistical difficulties present when a case is tried in the improper venue. He says:
183:
2616:
2535:
2463:
2407:
2121:
1993:
1739:
1283:
1139:
1006:
955:
288:
2025:
2009:
1842:
1667:
1373:
1275:
810:
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316:
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159:
147:
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2527:
2519:
2287:
1774:
1560:
1267:
604:
271:
2657:
2543:
2097:
1715:
1520:
1291:
588:
549:
2447:
1423:
1410:
171:
155:
139:
101:
91:
502:
368:
trial for that crime in New York unless it somehow extended to the State.
167:
280:
300:
275:
402:
Cohen, Olivia; Strawbridge
Robinson, Kimberly (June 15, 2023).
30:
404:"Retrial OK After Conviction in Wrong Court, Justices Rule"
1338:
401:
2679:
324:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
262:
Timothy J. Smith is a software engineer who resides in
2689:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court
270:). An avid fisherman, Smith would often fish in the
2655:
2232:
464:599 U.S. ___ at ___-___ (slip op. at 3–16) 2023
455:599 U.S. ___ at ___-___ (slip op. at 2–3) 2023
446:599 U.S. ___ at ___-___ (slip op. at 1–2) 2023
2669:United States Double Jeopardy Clause case law
2183:
1324:
1070:
535:
426:
424:
274:. In 2018, Smith discovered StrikeLines, a
1331:
1317:
648:
542:
528:
421:
2625:Martinez v. Court of Appeal of California
1451:
1957:
287:) but their web servers were located in
1409:
1352:
2656:
1926:
2231:
2182:
1956:
1925:
1450:
1408:
1351:
1312:
1069:
1023:Louisiana ex rel. Francis v. Resweber
647:
566:
565:
523:
299:him the coordinates of certain "deep
18:2023 United States Supreme Court case
1724:Southern Union Co. v. United States
13:
2205:United States v. Valenzuela-Bernal
1636:Almendarez-Torres v. United States
1486:Blanton v. City of North Las Vegas
36:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
2700:
2674:United States Supreme Court cases
2152:Restrictions on cross-examination
489:___ (2023) is available from:
471:
114:and Eleventh Circuits have held.
54:Timothy J. Smith v. United States
768:Bravo-Fernandez v. United States
330:
29:
2253:United States v. Gonzalez-Lopez
2664:2023 in United States case law
2066:Melendez-Diaz v. Massachusetts
1569:Rosales-Lopez v. United States
458:
449:
440:
395:
306:
291:(which is situated within the
283:(which is situated within the
266:(which is situated within the
1:
1340:United States Sixth Amendment
551:United States Fifth Amendment
388:
257:
2234:Assistance of Counsel Clause
972:Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle
905:Blockburger v. United States
669:Blockburger v. United States
512:Supreme Court (slip opinion)
315:, and the Sixth Amendment's
285:Northern District of Florida
268:Southern District of Alabama
242:, 599 U.S. 236 (2023), is a
7:
1783:Rassmussen v. United States
712:United States v. Randenbush
244:United States Supreme Court
10:
2705:
2133:Face-to-face confrontation
1903:Peña-Rodriguez v. Colorado
1601:McDonnell v. United States
1260:J. D. B. v. North Carolina
1188:Dickerson v. United States
597:Wong Wing v. United States
503:Oyez (oral argument audio)
293:Middle District of Florida
2589:
2562:
2389:
2370:
2263:
2244:
2240:
2227:
2191:
2185:Compulsory Process Clause
2178:
2151:
2132:
1978:Reynolds v. United States
1969:
1965:
1952:
1932:
1921:
1878:
1841:
1766:
1756:Erlinger v. United States
1619:
1609:United States v. Tsarnaev
1593:Skilling v. United States
1505:Reynolds v. United States
1496:
1461:
1457:
1446:
1418:
1404:
1366:Klopfer v. North Carolina
1360:
1347:
1172:Mitchell v. United States
1078:
1072:Self-Incrimination Clause
1065:
998:
916:Dual sovereignty doctrine
915:
896:
845:
786:
736:Fong Foo v. United States
703:
661:Meaning of "same offense"
660:
656:
643:
613:United States v. Moreland
575:
561:
220:
215:
204:
199:
133:
128:
123:
118:
112:
107:
97:
87:
69:
59:
49:
42:
28:
23:
2684:Vicinage Clause case law
2571:Massiah v. United States
2400:Strickland v. Washington
2379:Glasser v. United States
2352:Nichols v. United States
2082:Bullcoming v. New Mexico
1986:Dowdell v. United States
1748:United States v. Haymond
1732:Alleyne v. United States
1708:Cunningham v. California
1513:Glasser v. United States
1382:Doggett v. United States
1180:United States v. Hubbell
1039:North Carolina v. Pearce
988:Denezpi v. United States
948:United States v. Wheeler
2440:Glover v. United States
2160:Chambers v. Mississippi
2002:Bruton v. United States
1970:Out-of-court statements
1887:Tanner v. United States
1879:Impeachment of verdicts
1860:Burton v. United States
1852:United States v. Dawson
1692:United States v. Booker
1660:Harris v. United States
1537:Witherspoon v. Illinois
1228:Corley v. United States
1220:United States v. Patane
1084:Curcio v. United States
980:Gamble v. United States
870:United States v. Dinitz
803:Ludwig v. Massachusetts
795:United States v. Wilson
728:Burton v. United States
629:United States v. Cotton
2563:Uncounseled statements
2391:Ineffective assistance
2344:Pennsylvania v. Finley
2114:Samia v. United States
2034:Crawford v. Washington
1868:Smith v. United States
1700:Washington v. Recuenco
1652:Apprendi v. New Jersey
1644:Jones v. United States
1470:Cheff v. Schnackenberg
1204:Yarborough v. Alvarado
924:United States v. Lanza
854:United States v. Perez
835:Smith v. United States
827:United States v. Dixon
819:United States v. Felix
752:Burks v. United States
693:United States v. Dixon
685:United States v. Felix
650:Double Jeopardy Clause
479:Smith v. United States
383:Double Jeopardy Clause
370:
356:
239:Smith v. United States
24:Smith v. United States
2601:Faretta v. California
2456:Woodford v. Visciotti
2416:Kimmelman v. Morrison
2320:Argersinger v. Hamlin
1676:Blakely v. Washington
1545:Ham v. South Carolina
1452:Impartial Jury Clause
1252:Berghuis v. Thompkins
1092:Griffin v. California
964:United States v. Lara
862:United States v. Jorn
720:Ball v. United States
581:Hurtado v. California
361:
352:
192:Ketanji Brown Jackson
45:Decided June 15, 2023
43:Argued March 28, 2023
2480:Wright v. Van Patten
2424:Lockhart v. Fretwell
2312:Anders v. California
2304:Gideon v. Wainwright
2106:Hemphill v. New York
2090:Williams v. Illinois
1959:Confrontation Clause
1684:Schriro v. Summerlin
1390:Betterman v. Montana
1148:Doe v. United States
1015:Palko v. Connecticut
886:Blueford v. Arkansas
222:U.S. Const. Art. III
102:Opinion announcement
98:Opinion announcement
2609:McKaskle v. Wiggins
2512:Padilla v. Kentucky
2328:Gagnon v. Scarpelli
2296:Hamilton v. Alabama
2197:Washington v. Texas
2058:Giles v. California
2050:Whorton v. Bockting
2042:Davis v. Washington
1791:Williams v. Florida
1529:Sheppard v. Maxwell
1478:Duncan v. Louisiana
1354:Speedy Trial Clause
1244:Maryland v. Shatzer
1212:Missouri v. Seibert
1164:McNeil v. Wisconsin
1156:Illinois v. Perkins
1116:Williams v. Florida
932:Bartkus v. Illinois
897:Multiple punishment
776:McElrath v. Georgia
345:Speedy Trial Clause
246:case pertaining to
108:Questions presented
2633:Indiana v. Edwards
2579:Brewer v. Williams
2504:Porter v. McCollum
2472:Holland v. Jackson
2432:Williams v. Taylor
2360:Alabama v. Shelton
2213:Taylor v. Illinois
2074:Michigan v. Bryant
1938:Rabe v. Washington
1927:Information Clause
1823:Ramos v. Louisiana
1815:Burch v. Louisiana
1767:Size and unanimity
1585:Morgan v. Illinois
1577:Wainwright v. Witt
1432:Presley v. Georgia
1196:Chavez v. Martinez
1132:Edwards v. Arizona
1124:Michigan v. Tucker
1100:Miranda v. Arizona
1047:Benton v. Maryland
1031:Baxstrom v. Herold
621:Beck v. Washington
554:criminal procedure
144:Associate Justices
2651:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2496:Wong v. Belmontes
2488:Bobby v. Van Hook
2336:Scott v. Illinois
2280:Johnson v. Zerbst
2272:Powell v. Alabama
2223:
2222:
2174:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2141:Maryland v. Craig
2018:Illinois v. Allen
1948:
1947:
1917:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1895:Warger v. Shauers
1831:Edwards v. Vannoy
1807:Ballew v. Georgia
1799:Apodaca v. Oregon
1628:Walton v. Arizona
1442:
1441:
1400:
1399:
1306:
1305:
1302:
1301:
1236:Florida v. Powell
1108:Boulden v. Holman
1061:
1060:
1057:
1056:
940:Waller v. Florida
878:Oregon v. Kennedy
760:Evans v. Michigan
639:
638:
235:
234:
208:Alito, joined by
184:Amy Coney Barrett
2696:
2617:Rock v. Arkansas
2536:Lafler v. Cooper
2464:Wiggins v. Smith
2408:Nix v. Whiteside
2242:
2241:
2229:
2228:
2180:
2179:
2122:Smith v. Arizona
1994:Pointer v. Texas
1967:
1966:
1954:
1953:
1923:
1922:
1740:Hurst v. Florida
1553:Ristaino v. Ross
1459:
1458:
1448:
1447:
1406:
1405:
1349:
1348:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1310:
1309:
1284:Salinas v. Texas
1140:Oregon v. Elstad
1067:
1066:
1007:Ex parte Bigelow
956:Heath v. Alabama
787:After conviction
658:
657:
645:
644:
563:
562:
544:
537:
530:
521:
520:
516:
510:
507:
501:
498:
492:
465:
462:
456:
453:
447:
444:
438:
428:
419:
418:
416:
414:
399:
129:Court membership
33:
32:
21:
20:
2704:
2703:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2693:
2654:
2653:
2652:
2639:
2585:
2558:
2385:
2366:
2259:
2236:
2219:
2187:
2166:
2147:
2128:
2026:Ohio v. Roberts
2010:Frazier v. Cupp
1961:
1944:
1928:
1909:
1874:
1843:Vicinage Clause
1837:
1762:
1668:Ring v. Arizona
1615:
1492:
1453:
1438:
1414:
1396:
1374:Barker v. Wingo
1356:
1343:
1337:
1307:
1298:
1276:Howes v. Fields
1074:
1053:
994:
911:
892:
841:
811:Grady v. Corbin
782:
744:Ashe v. Swenson
704:After acquittal
699:
677:Grady v. Corbin
652:
635:
571:
557:
548:
514:
508:
505:
499:
496:
490:
474:
469:
468:
463:
459:
454:
450:
445:
441:
429:
422:
412:
410:
400:
396:
391:
373:from the state
333:
322:On appeal, the
317:Vicinage Clause
309:
264:Mobile, Alabama
260:
252:Sixth Amendment
182:
180:Brett Kavanaugh
170:
160:Sonia Sotomayor
158:
148:Clarence Thomas
44:
38:
19:
12:
11:
5:
2702:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2649:
2648:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2629:
2621:
2613:
2605:
2596:
2594:
2593:representation
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2575:
2566:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2552:Garza v. Idaho
2548:
2540:
2532:
2528:Premo v. Moore
2524:
2520:Sears v. Upton
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2420:
2412:
2404:
2395:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2356:
2348:
2340:
2332:
2324:
2316:
2308:
2300:
2292:
2288:Betts v. Brady
2284:
2276:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2248:
2246:
2238:
2237:
2225:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2176:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2086:
2078:
2070:
2062:
2054:
2046:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2014:
2006:
1998:
1990:
1982:
1973:
1971:
1963:
1962:
1950:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1899:
1891:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1864:
1856:
1847:
1845:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1827:
1819:
1811:
1803:
1795:
1787:
1779:
1775:Maxwell v. Dow
1770:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1752:
1744:
1736:
1728:
1720:
1712:
1704:
1696:
1688:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1648:
1640:
1632:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1613:
1605:
1597:
1589:
1581:
1573:
1565:
1561:Adams v. Texas
1557:
1549:
1541:
1533:
1525:
1517:
1509:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1482:
1474:
1465:
1463:
1455:
1454:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1437:
1436:
1428:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1370:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1345:
1344:
1336:
1335:
1328:
1321:
1313:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1297:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1272:
1268:Bobby v. Dixon
1264:
1256:
1248:
1240:
1232:
1224:
1216:
1208:
1200:
1192:
1184:
1176:
1168:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1063:
1062:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1043:
1035:
1027:
1019:
1011:
1002:
1000:
996:
995:
993:
992:
984:
976:
968:
960:
952:
944:
936:
928:
919:
917:
913:
912:
910:
909:
900:
898:
894:
893:
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2024:
2016:
2008:
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1936:
1901:
1893:
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1867:
1866:
1863:(1905, 1906)
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1527:
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1511:
1503:
1497:Impartiality
1484:
1476:
1468:
1462:Availability
1430:
1424:In re Oliver
1422:
1411:Public Trial
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411:. Retrieved
407:
397:
379:
375:and district
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365:
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341:
336:
334:
321:
313:Venue Clause
310:
297:
261:
238:
237:
236:
216:Laws applied
209:
200:Case opinion
187:
175:
172:Neil Gorsuch
163:
156:Samuel Alito
151:
140:John Roberts
78:
53:
15:
2264:Appointment
1620:Facts found
307:Lower court
248:Article III
168:Elena Kagan
2658:Categories
568:Grand Jury
389:References
337:certiorari
258:Background
60:Docket no.
281:Pensacola
226:amends. V
210:unanimous
70:Citations
1342:case law
556:case law
477:Text of
413:June 15,
366:preclude
250:and the
205:Majority
88:Argument
301:grouper
289:Orlando
276:Florida
119:Holding
64:21-1576
2636:(2008)
2628:(2000)
2620:(1987)
2612:(1984)
2604:(1975)
2591:Pro se
2582:(1977)
2574:(1963)
2555:(2019)
2547:(2017)
2539:(2012)
2531:(2011)
2523:(2010)
2515:(2010)
2507:(2009)
2499:(2009)
2491:(2009)
2483:(2008)
2475:(2004)
2467:(2003)
2459:(2002)
2451:(2002)
2443:(2001)
2435:(2000)
2427:(1993)
2419:(1986)
2411:(1986)
2403:(1984)
2382:(1942)
2363:(2002)
2355:(1994)
2347:(1987)
2339:(1979)
2331:(1973)
2323:(1972)
2315:(1967)
2307:(1963)
2299:(1961)
2291:(1942)
2283:(1938)
2275:(1932)
2256:(2006)
2245:Choice
2216:(1988)
2208:(1982)
2200:(1967)
2163:(1973)
2144:(1990)
2125:(2024)
2117:(2023)
2109:(2022)
2101:(2015)
2093:(2012)
2085:(2011)
2077:(2011)
2069:(2009)
2061:(2008)
2053:(2007)
2045:(2006)
2037:(2004)
2029:(1980)
2021:(1970)
2013:(1969)
2005:(1968)
1997:(1965)
1989:(1911)
1981:(1878)
1941:(1972)
1906:(2017)
1898:(2014)
1890:(1987)
1871:(2023)
1855:(1853)
1834:(2021)
1826:(2020)
1818:(1979)
1810:(1978)
1802:(1972)
1794:(1970)
1786:(1905)
1778:(1900)
1759:(2024)
1751:(2019)
1743:(2016)
1735:(2013)
1727:(2012)
1719:(2009)
1711:(2007)
1703:(2006)
1695:(2005)
1687:(2004)
1679:(2004)
1671:(2002)
1663:(2002)
1655:(2000)
1647:(1999)
1639:(1998)
1631:(1990)
1612:(2022)
1604:(2016)
1596:(2010)
1588:(1992)
1580:(1985)
1572:(1981)
1564:(1980)
1556:(1976)
1548:(1973)
1540:(1968)
1532:(1966)
1524:(1961)
1516:(1942)
1508:(1878)
1489:(1989)
1481:(1968)
1473:(1966)
1435:(2010)
1427:(1948)
1413:Clause
1393:(2016)
1385:(1992)
1377:(1972)
1369:(1967)
1295:(2022)
1287:(2013)
1279:(2012)
1271:(2011)
1263:(2011)
1255:(2010)
1247:(2010)
1239:(2010)
1231:(2009)
1223:(2004)
1215:(2004)
1207:(2004)
1199:(2003)
1191:(2000)
1183:(2000)
1175:(1999)
1167:(1991)
1159:(1990)
1151:(1988)
1143:(1985)
1135:(1981)
1127:(1974)
1119:(1970)
1111:(1969)
1103:(1966)
1095:(1965)
1087:(1957)
1050:(1969)
1042:(1969)
1034:(1966)
1026:(1947)
1018:(1937)
1010:(1885)
991:(2022)
983:(2019)
975:(2016)
967:(2004)
959:(1985)
951:(1978)
943:(1970)
935:(1959)
927:(1922)
908:(1932)
889:(2012)
881:(1982)
873:(1976)
865:(1971)
857:(1824)
838:(2023)
830:(1993)
822:(1992)
814:(1990)
806:(1976)
798:(1833)
779:(2024)
771:(2016)
763:(2013)
755:(1978)
747:(1970)
739:(1962)
731:(1906)
723:(1896)
715:(1834)
696:(1993)
688:(1992)
680:(1990)
672:(1932)
632:(2002)
624:(1962)
616:(1922)
608:(1900)
600:(1896)
592:(1887)
584:(1884)
570:Clause
515:
509:
506:
500:
497:
494:Justia
491:
190:
188:·
186:
178:
176:·
174:
166:
164:·
162:
154:
152:·
150:
999:Other
485:
433:
77:236 (
487:U.S.
435:U.S.
415:2023
80:more
75:U.S.
73:599
483:599
431:599
295:).
2660::
481:,
423:^
406:.
230:VI
228:,
224:,
1332:e
1325:t
1318:v
543:e
536:t
529:v
417:.
83:)
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