4907:
4527:
143:
5044:
4923:
5394:, with little Buddhist flavor. Chapter Four uses Buddhist terminology and incorporates Buddhist doctrines, state both Murti and Richard King, but Vedanta scholars who followed Gaudapada through the 17th century never referenced nor used Chapter Four, they only quote from the first three. The Gaudapada tradition is Vedantin with its foundation of Atman and Brahman, and his doctrines fundamentally different from Buddhism which deny these foundational concepts of Hinduism.
5730:, Cambridge University Press. p. 17. "There Is Also An Important Tradition Of Brahmans Called Smartas, Those Who Follow The Smrti Or Secondary Revelation ..." p. 56. "The Brahmans Who Followed The Teachings Of These Texts Were Known As Smartas, Those Who Followed The Smrtis ..." p. 113. "The Brahmans Who Followed The Puranic Religion Became Known As Smarta, Those Whose Worship Was Based On The Smrtis, Or Pauranika, Those Based On The Puranas."
42:
4197:) are the objects of veneration. The five symbols of the major Gods are placed on a round open metal dish called Panchayatana, the symbol of the deity preferred by the worshiper being in the center. A similar arrangement is also seen in the medieval temples, in which the central shrine housing the principal Deity is surrounded by four smaller shrines containing the figures of the other deities. Some of the Smartas of South India add a sixth god
3729:
411:
4424:, which have been commented on by many Smarta philosophers and scholars. Harikathas, Pravachanams, Upanyasams, and Kalakshepams on these texts are still very popular. The Ramayana is the text of choice for daily devotional reading or Nitya Parayanam for many Smartas and it has pervaded and guided Hindu conscience for centuries.
4104:
of the
European discourse about the church and Christian sects. The tradition, states Milner, has roots that emerged sometime between 3rd century BCE and 3rd century CE, likely in response to the growth of Jainism and Buddhism. It reflected a Hindu synthesis of four philosophical strands: Mimamsa, Advaita, Yoga and theism.
3963:
breakdown of the Gupta empire, gifts of virgin waste-land were heaped on brahmanas, to ensure profitable agrarian exploitation of land owned by the kings, but also to provide status to the new ruling classes. Brahmanas spread further over India, interacting with local clans with different religions and ideologies.
5007:
In a more general sense, all
Brahmins who do not come from small communities of orthodox Vedic sects are considered Smarta Brahmins. Many orthodox Vedic sects have also turned to temple worship and management, which is considered a Smarta and Agamic tradition. Sri Vaishnava Brahmins sought to combine
4569:
in the North.> He himself
Ascended the Savagna peetam in Kanchi, known as Kanchi Kamakoti Peetam. Each math was headed by one of his disciples, called Shankaracharya, who each independently continued the Advaita Vedanta Sampradaya. The ten Shankara-linked Advaita monastic orders are distributed as
3962:
After the end of the Gupta Empire and the collapse of the Harsha Empire, power became decentralised in India. Several larger kingdoms emerged, with "countless vasal states". The kingdoms were ruled via a feudal system. Smaller kingdoms were dependent on the protection of the larger kingdoms. With the
4103:
According to Murray Milner Jr., a professor of
Sociology, the Smarta tradition refers to "Hindus who tend toward Brahmanical orthodoxy in both thought and behavior". Smartas are usually committed to a "relatively unified Hinduism" and they reject extreme forms of sectarian isolationism, reminiscent
3993:
underwent a radical transformation at the hands of the Purana composers, resulting in the rise of
Puranic Hinduism, "which like a colossus striding across the religious firmament soon came to overshadow all existing religions". Puranic Hinduism was a "multiplex belief-system which grew and expanded
3798:
Hiltebeitel situates the origins of the Smarta tradition in the ongoing interaction between the Vedic-Brahmanic tradition and non-Vedic traditions. According to him, a period of consolidation in the development of
Hinduism took place between the time of the late Vedic Upanishad (c. 500 BCE) and the
3807:
The emerging self-definitions of
Hinduism were forged in the context of continuous interaction with heterodox religions (Buddhists, Jains, Ajivikas) throughout this whole period, and with foreign people (Yavanas, or Greeks; Sakas, or Scythians; Pahlavas, or Parthians; and Kusanas, or Kushans) from
5078:
The emerging pan-Indian nationalism was clearly founded upon a number of cultural movements that, for the most part, reimagined an 'Aryo-centric', neo-brahmanical vision of India, which provided the 'ideology' for this hegemonic project. In the Tamil region, such a vision and ideology was closely
4158:
The emerging pan-Indian nationalism was clearly founded upon a number of cultural movements that, for the most part, reimagined an 'Aryo-centric', neo-brahmanical vision of India, which provided the 'ideology' for this hegemonic project. In the Tamil region, such a vision and ideology was closely
3816:
texts of the period between 200 BCE- 100 CE proclaim the authority of the Vedas, and "nonrejection of the Vedas comes to be one of the most important touchstones for defining
Hinduism over and against the heterodoxies, which rejected the Vedas." The Smriti texts interpret the Vedas in a number of
5030:
According to
Brouwer, examples of Smarta Visvakarmas include Niligundapanta (traditionally blacksmiths and carpenters), Konnurpanta (all five artisan trades) and Madipattar (goldsmiths). The Smarta & Vaishnava Visvakarmas claim to be Brahmins but were never considered to be Brahmins by the
4212:
Panchayatana puja is a practice that became popular in medieval India, and has been attributed to Adi
Shankara. However, archaeological evidence suggests that this practice long predates the birth of Adi Shankara. Many Panchayatana mandalas and temples have been uncovered that are from the
268:(attributeless) and any symbolic god serves the same equivalent purpose. Inspired by this belief, the Smarta tradition followers, along with the five Hindu gods, include a sixth impersonal god in their practice. The tradition has been called by William Jackson as "
5023:. They are known for their traditional expertise and skills as blacksmiths, carpenters, coppersmiths, sculptors, and goldsmiths. Smarta Visvakarmas are vegetarian artisans who follow the Smarta tradition. They contrast with Vaishnava Visvakarmas who follow the
4460:
are treated with the same reverence as the major epics, as also being the chosen texts for daily devotional reading (Parayana grantham). "Sridhariyam" on the Bhagavatham, and "Bhavartha-Dipika" on the Vishnu Purana are well-known commentaries, both by Sridhara
4001:
Many local religions and traditions were assimilated into puranic Hinduism. Vishnu and Shiva emerged as the main deities, together with Sakti/Deva, subsuming local cults, popular totem symbols and creation myths. Rama and Krsna became the focus of a strong
4288:
is considered in this tradition to be a useful symbolism and means for those who are still on their spiritual journey, but the saguna concept is abandoned by the fully enlightened once he or she realizes the identity of their own soul with that of the
4256:
According to Smartism, supreme reality, Brahman, transcends all of the various forms of personal deity. The Smartas follow an orthodox Hindu philosophy, which means they accept the Vedas, and the ontological concepts of Atman and Brahman therein.
7214:, Leiden, Brill, 2003. p. 57. "Initially A Brief Explanation Of The Word Smarta May Be In Order. Smarta Is A Rather Loosely Used Term Which Refers To A Brahmin Who Is An 'Adherent Of The Smrti' And Of The Tradition Which Is 'Based On The Smrti'."
5714:, Leiden, Brill, 2003. p. 57. "Initially A Brief Explanation Of The Word Smarta May Be In Order. Smarta Is A Rather Loosely Used Term Which Refers To A Brahmin Who Is An 'Adherent Of The Smrti' And Of The Tradition Which Is 'Based On The Smrti'."
3920:, of the early medieval Indian society. This Smarta tradition competed with other major traditions of Hinduism such as Shaivism, Vaishnavism, and Shaktism. The ideas of Smarta were historically influential, creative with concepts such as of
3974:. The Brahmanas used the Puranas to incorporate those clans into the agrarian society and its accompanying religion and ideology. Local chiefs and peasants were absorbed into the castesystem, which was used to keep "control over the new
3955:. The Puranic corpus is a complex body of materials that advance the views of various competing cults. Flood connects the rise of the written Purana historically with the rise of devotional cults centring upon a particular deity in the
255:
The Smarta tradition developed during (early) Classical Period of Hinduism around the beginning of the Common Era, when Hinduism emerged from the interaction between Brahmanism and local traditions. The Smarta tradition is aligned with
3994:
as it absorbed and synthesized polaristic ideas and cultic traditions". It was distinguished from its Vedic Smarta roots by its popular base, its theological and sectarian pluralism, its Tantric veneer, and the central place of
5390:. Yet, while there is borrowed terminology, Gaudapada's doctrines are unlike Buddhism. Gaudapada's influential text consists of four chapters; Chapter One, Two and Three of which are entirely Vedantin and founded on the
6010:, Encyclopædia Britannica (2012): "Smarta Sect, Orthodox Hindu Sect Composed Of Members Of The 'Twice-Born', Or Initiated Upper Classes (Brahmin, Kshatriya, And Vaishya), Whose Primarily Brahmin Followers ..."
235:
tradition, which was based on elaborate rituals and rites. There has been a considerable overlap in the ideas and practices of the Smarta tradition with other significant historic movements within Hinduism, namely
4225:
era (pre-300 CE). The Kushan period set includes Shiva, Vishnu, Surya, Brahma and one deity whose identity is unclear. According to James Harle, major Hindu temples from 1st millennium CE embed the
6765:
Kiyokazu Okita (2010), Theism, Pantheism, and Panentheism: Three Medieval Vaishnava Views of Nature and their Possible Ecological Implications, Journal of Vaishnava Studies, Volume 18, Number 2, pages 5-26
5250:, pp. 13–14) The Grihyasutras and Dharmasutras, states Hiltebeitel, were composed between 600 BCE and 400 CE, and these are sometimes called the Smartasutras, the roots of the Smriti tradition.(
5027:
tradition of Hinduism and some of whom may consume non-vegetarian food. The re-marriage of widows is a tradition found among the Smarta Visvakarmas, but has been atypical among Vaishnava Visvakarma.
7712:
Forging a Tamil caste: Maraimalai Adigal (1876-1950) and the discourcse of caste and ritual in colonial Tamilnadu. In: Bergunder e.a. (editors), "Ritual, Caste, and Religion in Colonial South India"
4092:
Medieval era scholars such as Vedanta Desika and Vallabhacharya recognized Smarta as competing with Vaishnavism and other traditions. According to Jeffrey Timm, for example, in verse 10 of the
5340:, used Buddhist terminology and mention Buddhist doctrines in their work, suggesting that they were influenced by Buddhism. Gaudapada, states Raju took over the Buddhist doctrines that
3859:(cause, reason) independent of the Vedas while accepting the authority of the Vedas. Of the two Smarta traditions, Mimamsa focused on Vedic ritual traditions, while Vedanta focussed on
4349:
literature. In other words, Hindus for the most part pay little more than lip service to the Vedic scriptures. The most important dimensions of being Hindu derive, instead, from the
4072:("five-shrine worship") as a solution to varied and conflicting devotional practices. Thus one could worship any one of five deities (Vishnu, Siva, Durga, Surya, Ganesa) as one's
4570:
follows: Indra Saraswati at Kanchi, Bharati, Puri and Saraswati at Sringeri, Aranya and Vana at Puri, Tirtha and Ashrama at Dwarka, and Giri, Parvata and Sagara at Badrinath.
4576:
The table below gives an overview of the four largest Advaita Mathas founded by Adi Shankara, and their details. However, evidence suggests that Shankara established more
4885:
4159:
associated with the Tamil Brahmans and, especially, the Smarta Brahmans who were considered the strongest adherents of the pan-Indian Sanskrit-Brahmanical tradition.
5079:
associated with the Tamil Brahmans and, especially, the Smarta Brahmans who were considered the strongest adherents of the pan-Indian Sanskrit-Brahmanical tradition.
4595:
in Karnataka is the centre of the Smarta sect for its disciples. Puri, Kanchi and Dwaraka Peetams have records of lineage of Sankaracharya since 5th centruty BC.
3803:(c. 320-467), which he calls the "Hindus synthesis", "Brahmanic synthesis", or "orthodox synthesis". It develops in interaction with other religions and peoples:
4100:
states that, "Mutually contradictory conclusions are non-contradictory when they are considered from their respective contexts, like Vaishnava, Smarta, etc."
4038:
Traditionally, Adi Shankara is regarded as the greatest teacher and reformer of the Smarta tradition. According to Hiltebeitel, Adi Shankara established the
4545:
Adi Shankara is one of the leading scholars of the Smarta Tradition, and he founded some of the most famous monasteries in Hinduism. These have hosted the
5074:
Vaitheespara notes the adherence of the Smarta Brahmans to "the pan-Indian Sanskrit-brahmanical tradition" and their influence on pan-Indian nationalism:
5565:, Edited By Shingo Einoo. Tokyo: Institute Of Oriental Culture, University Of Tokyo, 2009. Institute Of Oriental Culture Special Series, 23, pp. 276–277.
4825:
5772:
211:. The Smarta tradition rejects theistic sectarianism, and is notable for the domestic worship of five shrines with five deities, all treated as equal –
3928:(half woman, half man deity), and many of the major scholars of Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism, and Bhakti movement came out of the Smarta tradition.
339:). The smriti are a specific body of Hindu texts usually attributed to an author, traditionally written down but constantly revised, in contrast to
287:
corpus of texts named the Grihya Sutras, in contrast to Shrauta Sutras. Smarta Brahmins, with their focus on the Smriti corpus, are contrasted from
50:
in a Ganesha-centric panchayatana: Ganesha (centre) with Shiva (top left), Adi Shakti (top right), Vishnu (bottom left), and Surya (bottom right)
4107:
Smarta tradition emerged initially as a synthesis movement to unify Hinduism into a nonsectarian form based on the Vedic heritage. It accepted
4301:) such as Vishnu, Shiva, Shakti, Surya, Ganesha or any other, and this is viewed in Smarta Tradition as an interim step towards realizing the
7744:
3886:. The revived Smarta tradition attempted to integrate varied and conflicting devotional practices, with its ideas of nondual experience of
4889:
459:
4542:
The Smarta Tradition includes temples and monasteries. More Smarta temples are found in West and South India, than in North India.
4337:
literature, which incorporated shramanic and Buddhist influences of the period from about 200 BCE to about 300 CE and the emerging
3777:
4012:. The Krsna tradition subsumed numerous Naga, yaksa and hill and tree based cults. Siva absorbed local cults by the suffixing of
4439:
traditions and the use of the shramanic and Yogic terminology to spread the Brahmanic idea of living according to one's duty or
4139:. Smarta as a tradition emphasized all gods as equal and different ways of perceiving the all-pervasive metaphysical impersonal
2636:
1222:
3786:
and Gavin Flood locate the origins of the Smarta Tradition in the (early) Classical Period of Hinduism, particularly with the
7682:
7443:
7336:
7306:
7274:
7247:
7197:
7178:
7111:
7084:
7057:
7027:
6968:
6750:
6711:
6552:
6525:
6498:
6471:
6423:
6344:
6278:
6225:
6206:
6187:
6168:
6146:
6127:
6103:
6084:
6036:
5961:
5754:
5494:
3773:
5246:
texts consisting of the Srautasutras, Grihyasutras and Dharmasutras, many of which were revised well past the Vedic period.(
5004:. However, these identities are not clearly defined, and active groups such as "Agamic Smarta Saiva Brahmins" have thrived.
4514:
literature incorporated shramanic and Buddhist influences of the period from about 200 BC to about AD 300 and the emerging
2515:
5008:
the Smarta tradition, Alvar Bhakti, and the Pancharatra traditions. Kashmiri Pandits combine Smarta and Agamic tradition.
3912:
Brahman. The growth of this Smarta Tradition began in the Gupta period (4th–5th century CE), and likely was dominated by
3790:(Advaita) interpretation of Vedanta, when Hinduism emerged from the interaction between Brahmanism and local traditions.
4373:, and their unchanging, eternal nature, are the basic truths in this tradition. The emphasis in Vedic texts here is the
7453:
7160:
7136:
6854:
6837:
6630:
5862:
5673:
5656:
5632:
5583:
4906:
3759:
3392:
7720:
7661:
7623:
7603:
7556:
7533:
7492:
7463:
7423:
7394:
6678:
6357:
5798:
3874:
schools (Mimamsa, Vedanta) with ancient theistic ideas (bhakti, tantric) gave rise to a growth in traditions such as
4123:(four stages of human life) as a form of social and religious duty. In the later second half of the 1st millennium,
3904:
6849:
Eliott Deutsche (2000), in Philosophy of Religion : Indian Philosophy Vol 4 (Editor: Roy Perrett), Routledge,
6385:
6777:"Heirarchies [sic] in the Nature of God? Questioning the "Saguna-Nirguna" Distinction in Advaita Vedanta"
4580:
locally for Vedanta studies and its propagation, states Hartmut Scharfe, such as the "four mathas in the city of
4435:
and Sridhara Swami. The Bhagavad Gita exemplifies the "Hindu synthesis" of Brahmanic orthodoxy with the emerging
4131:
philosophy. According to Upinder Singh, the Smarta tradition's religious practice emerged as a transformation of
2545:
1376:
5198:
Examples of sects that follow the Smarta tradition and Advaita Vedanta, with Shankara as the primary reformer:
496:
343:(The Vedic Literature) considered authorless, that were transmitted verbally across the generations and fixed.
7783:
7413:
4154:
Vaitheespara notes the adherence of the Smarta Brahmans to "the pan-Indian Sanskrit-brahmanical tradition":
3966:
The early medieval Puranas were composed to disseminate religious mainstream ideology among the pre-literate
1969:
7815:
5561:
Sanderson, Alexis. "The Saiva Age: The Rise And Dominance Of Saivism During The Early Medieval Period". In
2525:
2465:
445:
378:", according to Monier Williams. Some families in South India follow Srauta strictly and do not accept any
1068:
4573:
The mathas which Shankara built exist until today, and continue the teachings and influence of Shankara.
3695:
3586:
2196:
6493:. Historical Dictionaries Of Religions, Philosophies, And Movements. Scarecrow Press. pp. 213–214.
5238:, are Smriti texts that were composed in the second half of the Vedic period that ended around 500 BCE.(
7651:
5348:
and "that the nature of the world is the four-cornered negation", then "wove into a philosophy of the
5207:
5202:
5055:
4934:
3714:
3385:
3289:
2236:
1905:
1590:
902:
133:
6399:
4209:, any upper-class Hindus still prefer the way of the Smartas to Saiva and Vaisnava forms of worship".
2231:
196:
7820:
5424:
5423:. Other traditions of Shaivism, Vaishnavism, Shaktism hold a spectrum of beliefs between dualism and
4871:
3787:
3691:
3337:
2455:
2191:
479:
464:
5352:, which was further developed by Shankara". In Gaudapada's text, similarly, the Buddhist concept of
1132:
7825:
7384:
5176:
4701:
4452:, a collection of mythological stories of the various Hindu gods, especially Shiva and Vishnu. The
4389:
are the central texts of the Advaita Vedanta tradition, providing the truths about the identity of
3247:
3240:
3219:
2928:
2818:
2790:
2520:
1410:
1197:
264:
as its founder or reformer. Shankara championed the thesis that ultimate reality is impersonal and
4361:
are taken seriously by the overwhelming majority of Hindus, regardless of class or caste identity.
1172:
1088:
7748:
7548:
Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"
7525:
Hinduism. In: Joseph Kitagawa, "The Religious Traditions of Asia: Religion, History, and Culture"
7380:
4206:
3462:
2675:
2580:
2505:
1686:
1608:
501:
469:
17:
1648:
6996:
6646:
5838:
5105:
4601:
4432:
3943:. It views Shiva and Vishnu as "complementary in their functions but ontologically identical".
3752:
3661:
3591:
3427:
3056:
2825:
2485:
1386:
1063:
7613:
7298:
The Leiden Tradition in Structural Anthropology: Essays in Honour of P. E. de Josselin de Jong
7296:
6703:
6542:
6515:
6488:
5484:
6620:
5486:
Status and Sacredness: A General Theory of Status Relations and an Analysis of Indian Culture
5181:
3701:
3679:
3569:
3434:
3007:
2615:
2495:
1898:
1884:
1052:
7405:
The Method of Early Advaita Vedānta: A Study of Gauḍapāda, Śaṅkara, Sureśvara, and Padmapāda
6811:
5701:, Publications Of The De Nobili Research Library, Gerold & Co., Vienna, 1988. pp. 32–33.
3825:. Of the six Hindu darsanas, the Mimamsa and the Vedanta "are rooted primarily in the Vedic
1047:
7830:
7675:
Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies: Advaita Vedānta up to Śaṃkara and his pupils, Volume 3
5126:
4838:
4548:
3908:) such as Vishnu, Shiva, Durga, Surya and Ganesha as an interim step towards realizing the
3687:
3683:
3675:
3564:
3226:
2804:
2774:
2605:
2510:
2406:
2136:
2030:
8:
5171:
5016:
4217:
period, and one Panchayatana set from the village of Nand (about 24 kilometers from
3719:
3612:
3448:
2979:
2841:
2585:
2475:
2460:
2366:
2306:
2271:
2171:
1751:
1663:
1282:
941:
552:
454:
425:
1852:
1042:
7800:
5341:
5266:, based on her study of indologists, assigns approximate dates to the various Puranas:
4608:
4453:
4353:
texts. The point can also be made in terms of the emerging social reality. Whereas the
3931:
According to Hiltebeitel, "the consolidation of Hinduism takes place under the sign of
3641:
3627:
3346:
2871:
2767:
2595:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2166:
1932:
1803:
1415:
1301:
4377:(knowledge, philosophical speculations) in the Upanishadic part of the Vedas, not its
3939:
that seals this achievement. The result is a universal achievement that may be called
7716:
7678:
7657:
7619:
7599:
7552:
7529:
7488:
7459:
7439:
7419:
7390:
7332:
7302:
7270:
7243:
7156:
7132:
7107:
7080:
7053:
7023:
6850:
6833:
6746:
6707:
6696:
6674:
6626:
6548:
6521:
6517:
A History Of Ancient And Early Medieval India: From The Stone Age To The 12th Century
6494:
6467:
6419:
6032:
5957:
5858:
5794:
5750:
5669:
5668:
William Jackson (1994), Tyāgarāja and the Renewal of Tradition, Motilal Banarsidass,
5652:
5628:
5579:
5490:
5415:
to be the supreme God who grants salvation. Similarly, the dualistic subtradition of
5269:
5166:
5156:
5146:
4736:
4174:
3745:
3651:
3620:
3576:
3233:
3184:
3119:
2878:
2864:
2610:
2535:
2356:
2316:
2311:
2301:
2141:
1837:
1771:
1366:
1103:
394:
335:
315:
204:
164:
92:
4526:
2216:
1623:
910:
374:
means "Follower Of Smriti". Smarta is especially associated with a "Sect Founded By
6788:
5416:
5297:
5136:
5001:
4993:
4985:
4833:
4658:
4473:
4320:
4113:
4060:
4008:
3887:
3822:
3527:
3489:
3469:
3420:
3369:
3268:
3063:
3049:
3000:
2943:
2490:
2146:
2065:
1816:
1736:
1361:
787:
641:
195:
genre of literature. It reflects a synthesis of four philosophical strands, namely
6371:
4968:
Smarta Brahmins specialize in the Smriti corpus of texts, are differentiated from
4020:
to the name of the local deity, for example Bhutesvara, Hatakesvara, Chandesvara.
2905:
7710:
7593:
7546:
7542:
7523:
7519:
7482:
7433:
7326:
7264:
7237:
7101:
7074:
7047:
7017:
6740:
6668:
6461:
6026:
5951:
5744:
5243:
5235:
5161:
5141:
5095:
4997:
4558:
4268:
4128:
4119:
4033:
3925:
3783:
3733:
3656:
3604:
3413:
3317:
3261:
3198:
3014:
2915:
2811:
2560:
2540:
2411:
2286:
2266:
2186:
1877:
1863:
1761:
1741:
1704:
1296:
1291:
1018:
897:
861:
806:
801:
628:
269:
257:
200:
6418:
TRV Murti (1955), The central philosophy of Buddhism, Routledge (2008 Reprint),
5445:
U Murthy (1979), Samskara, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195610796, p. 150.
5327:
The term "mayavada" is still being used, in a critical way, by the Hare Krshnas.
4151:
In recent times bhakti cults have increasingly become popular with the smartas.
3951:
According to Flood, the Smarta tradition originated with the development of the
1425:
1177:
878:
7155:, in Education in Ancient India: Handbook of Oriental Studies, Brill Academic,
5517:
5186:
4861:
4621:
4588:
4345:
ost of the basic ideas and practices of classical Hinduism derive from the new
4262:
4097:
4081:
4054:
Practically, Adi Shankara Acharya fostered a rapprochement between Advaita and
3986:
3646:
3455:
3303:
2954:
2848:
2797:
2600:
2426:
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2296:
2281:
2246:
2201:
2098:
1870:
1731:
1613:
1562:
1547:
1527:
1491:
1420:
1202:
1157:
1108:
866:
491:
142:
7266:
Ritualizing on the Boundaries: Continuity and Innovation in the Tamil Diaspora
6007:
5785:
5783:
4984:. Smarta Brahmins are also differentiated from Brahmins who specialize in the
1248:
1028:
959:
474:
7809:
5303:
5291:
5275:
5263:
4748:
4503:
4457:
4428:
4386:
4382:
4222:
4084:
founded by Adi Shankara in Karnataka is still the centre of the Smarta sect.
3971:
3310:
3275:
3212:
3158:
3151:
3112:
3105:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3021:
2993:
2937:
2555:
2500:
2480:
2470:
2450:
2421:
2331:
2121:
2116:
2106:
2055:
1977:
1891:
1724:
1673:
1572:
1507:
1346:
1113:
567:
147:
7503:
Jivanmukti in Transformation: Embodied Liberation in Advaita and Neo-Vedanta
5649:
Transcendent in America: Hindu-inspired Meditation Movements as New Religion
4584:
alone, that were headed by Trotaka, Sureshvara, Hastamalaka and Padmapada".
4431:, which is part of the Mahabharata, and commentaries on it by Adi Shankara,
2291:
2050:
1258:
1253:
6793:
6776:
5780:
5313:
5307:
5151:
5131:
4848:
4810:
4779:
4592:
4214:
4124:
4029:
3956:
3800:
3282:
3191:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3070:
2728:
2550:
2386:
2381:
2341:
2251:
2241:
2211:
2181:
2111:
2015:
1937:
1668:
1633:
1557:
1532:
1461:
1311:
1162:
954:
949:
848:
835:
830:
382:
systems. They even have a custom of the sacred thread being worn by women.
375:
261:
61:
7574:
Koller, John M. (2013), "Shankara", in Meister, Chad; Copan, Paul (eds.),
5540:
4803:
4789:
4777:
4760:
4746:
4734:
4725:
4713:
4699:
4689:
4687:
4670:
4656:
4646:
4644:
4633:
4619:
4546:
4443:, in contrast to the yogic ideal of liberation from the workings of karma.
1486:
177:
5404:
5281:
5090:
5024:
4879:
4852:
4798:
4469:
4420:
3879:
3860:
3353:
3077:
2970:
2900:
2713:
2667:
2628:
2530:
2371:
2361:
2226:
2090:
2080:
1949:
1944:
1847:
1746:
1638:
1628:
1598:
1567:
1476:
1243:
1057:
980:
972:
774:
543:
245:
121:
5043:
4922:
5391:
5371:
5360:
5100:
4856:
4842:
4791:
4720:
4635:
4486:(canonical base for reasoning). The Bhagavad Gita is considered as the
4194:
4132:
4043:
4039:
3399:
3360:
3324:
3205:
3144:
2751:
2743:
2654:
2431:
2206:
2156:
2010:
2000:
1766:
1714:
1643:
1552:
1481:
1471:
1466:
1238:
1013:
990:
985:
714:
514:
241:
5363:
philosophy is found. Gaudapada also took over the Buddhist concept of
41:
5557:
5555:
5368:
5364:
5357:
5353:
5337:
5287:
5121:
5020:
4767:
4708:
4566:
4535:
4235:
4198:
3509:
3441:
3378:
3296:
3128:
2699:
2659:
2590:
2436:
2401:
2351:
2321:
2256:
2176:
2075:
2045:
2025:
1709:
1653:
1618:
1603:
1522:
1517:
1499:
825:
739:
670:
609:
129:
109:
7415:
Buddhism. In: "The Penguin Handbook of the World's Living Religions"
6028:
Tyagaraja And The Renewal Of Tradition: Translations And Reflections
4260:
The Smarta Tradition accepts two concepts of Brahman, which are the
3866:
Around the start of the common era, and thereafter, a syncretism of
3778:
History of Hinduism § Classical Hinduism (c. 200 BCE – 1200 CE)
1306:
232:
6435:
5868:
4977:
4677:
4562:
4531:
4495:
4410:
4243:
4202:
4136:
3921:
3883:
3875:
3847:
3581:
3137:
2963:
2920:
2887:
2738:
2733:
2706:
2416:
2396:
2326:
2276:
2151:
2040:
1956:
1927:
1922:
1791:
1781:
1678:
1658:
1582:
1577:
1542:
1212:
1192:
1152:
1118:
1098:
1078:
964:
840:
575:
533:
528:
402:
249:
237:
188:
105:
73:
6239:
6237:
6235:
5552:
5374:
philosophy. Adi Shankara Acharya succeeded in reading Gaudapada's
4058:
orthodoxy, which by his time had not only continued to defend the
2644:
340:
5412:
5231:
4969:
4958:
4865:
4821:
Other Advaita Vedanta mathas following Smarta Tradition include:
4755:
4581:
4507:
4499:
4448:
4415:
4314:
4246:(half Shiva, half Vishnu) are set in Panchayatana worship style.
4239:
4190:
4140:
3967:
3952:
3917:
3891:
3774:
History of India § Iron Age – Vedic period (c. 1500–600 BCE)
3514:
3504:
3254:
3175:
3167:
2984:
2910:
2895:
2692:
2391:
2336:
2070:
2020:
1990:
1985:
1857:
1832:
1719:
1351:
1230:
1207:
1182:
1093:
1083:
892:
856:
744:
729:
724:
660:
655:
619:
614:
601:
379:
363:
288:
280:
212:
7166:
7129:
A History of Early Vedanta Philosophy. Part Two (Original: 1950)
3550:
1396:
1391:
1217:
7778:
7324:
6817:
6232:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5933:
5931:
5408:
4989:
4962:
4911:
4875:
4665:
4554:
4436:
4402:
4325:
4231:
4186:
3519:
3333:
2649:
2376:
2261:
2161:
2131:
2126:
2060:
2035:
1824:
1694:
1537:
1512:
1451:
1336:
1331:
1321:
1263:
1187:
1147:
1142:
1073:
998:
933:
918:
820:
764:
749:
695:
675:
588:
583:
420:
359:
Based on tradition, prescribed or sanctioned by traditional law
354:
311:
284:
273:
224:
220:
208:
192:
7585:
Vedic Voices: Intimate Narratives of a Living Andhra Tradition
7185:
4127:
reformed and brought ideas to the movement in the form of the
6720:
6578:
6576:
5949:
5420:
5212:
4981:
4973:
4829:
4330:
4218:
4182:
4178:
3913:
3536:
3406:
3171:
2683:
2221:
2085:
1995:
1842:
1796:
1776:
1456:
1441:
1381:
1371:
1356:
1341:
1316:
1167:
1137:
1023:
923:
754:
719:
690:
685:
680:
665:
593:
296:
292:
228:
216:
86:
7474:
An Introductory Dictionary of Theology and Religious Studies
7015:
6922:
6920:
6050:
6048:
5982:
5970:
5928:
7788:
7595:
Hinduism. In: "World Religions in America: An Introduction"
5722:
5720:
5019:
are artisans found in South India, such as in the state of
4628:
4341:
tradition into the Brahmanical fold. According to Larson,
2005:
1786:
1756:
1699:
1446:
1433:
1326:
928:
769:
759:
734:
700:
650:
632:
366:
versed in or guided by traditional law and Vedanta doctrine
172:
125:
6980:
6978:
6907:
6905:
6903:
6814:, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University
6667:
Asher, Frederick (1981). Joanna Gottfried Williams (ed.).
6573:
6290:
6288:
6256:
6254:
6252:
6134:
5817:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5807:
5031:
mainstream smarta brahmins of Karnataka and other castes.
4111:, states Bruce Sullivan, which reflected an acceptance of
3898:(five shrine worship), wherein a Hindu could focus on any
7301:. Jan A. J. Karremans. Brill Academic. pp. 161–162.
6944:
6917:
6832:
Klaus Klostermaier (2007), Hinduism: A Beginner's Guide,
6045:
5916:
5904:
5892:
5880:
5596:
5594:
5592:
7269:. University of South Carolina Press. pp. 168–169.
7239:
The Tantric Body: The Secret Tradition of Hindu Religion
6875:
6873:
6871:
6869:
6867:
6865:
6863:
6463:
Texts In Context: Traditional Hermeneutics In South Asia
6307:
6305:
6303:
5746:
The Tantric Body: The Secret Tradition of Hindu Religion
5717:
4173:
The Smartas evolved a kind of worship which is known as
295:
Corpus, that is, rituals and ceremonies that follow the
7217:
7079:. State University of New York Press. pp. 99–100.
6975:
6900:
6334:
6332:
6285:
6266:
6249:
5832:
5830:
5804:
5738:
5736:
4177:. In this Puja, one or more of the five Hindu Deities (
4087:
873:
410:
7695:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers (1992 Reprint)
6890:
6888:
6091:
6024:
5836:
5589:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5451:
4530:
The Vidyashankara temple at Sringeri Sharada Peetham,
4357:
is taken seriously by a small number of Brahmins, the
4006:
tradition, which found expression particularly in the
325:
6956:
6860:
6600:
6561:
6300:
6213:
6175:
6158:
6156:
6072:
5528:
4381:(ritual injunctions). Along with the Upanishads, the
7345:
7177:
sfn error: no target: CITEREFDr,_Vaidhyanathan2017 (
6932:
6544:
Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years Of Religious History
6441:
6438:, Devanathan Jagannathan, University of Toronto, IEP
6329:
6060:
5827:
5733:
5627:
U Murthy (1979), Samskara, Oxford University Press,
5611:
5609:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5472:
5470:
4242:; and the temples containing fusion deities such as
3870:
schools (Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya and Yoga), the
7357:
7072:
6885:
6698:
The Art and Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent
6466:. State University Of New York Press. p. 138.
6317:
6117:
6115:
6113:
5679:
5448:
7643:Religion and Anthropology: A Critical Introduction
6695:
6360:Mayavada and Buddhism – Are They One and the Same?
6194:
6153:
6020:
6018:
6016:
5336:Shankara himself, and his influential predecessor
5272:to c. 250 CE (with one portion dated to c. 550 CE)
4896:
3845:." They emphasize the Vedas with reason and other
3837:orthodox current of thoughts that are based, like
3793:
7789:Jagadguru Mahasamsthanam, Sringeri Sharada Peetam
7649:
7455:Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions
7386:The Origins and Development of Classical Hinduism
7196:sfn error: no target: CITEREFJonathan_Bader2017 (
7172:
7099:
7011:
7009:
7007:
6670:Kalādarśana: American studies in the art of India
6662:
6660:
6588:
6243:
5606:
5467:
231:. The Smarta tradition contrasted with the older
7807:
7093:
6612:
6110:
5643:
5641:
4305:Brahman and its equivalence to one's own Atman.
7472:Espin, Orlando O.; Nickoloff, James B. (2007),
7435:Advaita Vedanta: A Philosophical Reconstruction
7262:
6459:
6013:
4023:
27:Tradition in Hinduism linked to Advaita Vedanta
7512:A Religious History of Ancient India. Volume 2
7471:
7328:Institutions and economic change in South Asia
7290:
7288:
7286:
7191:
7106:. The Rosen Publishing Group. pp. 50–51.
7004:
6726:
6657:
6414:
6412:
6410:
319:
7779:Adi Sankaracharya and Advaita Vedanta Library
7615:The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z
7576:Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion
7331:. Oxford University Press. pp. 257–258.
7041:
7039:
6687:
5768:
5766:
5638:
5489:. Oxford University Press. pp. 194–195.
4249:
3894:. The rapprochement included the practice of
3753:
7708:
7320:
7318:
7212:Mandalas And Yantras In The Hindu Traditions
7045:
6967:sfn error: no target: CITEREFScheepers2000 (
6653:. Basics of Hinduism. Kauai Hindu Monastery.
6622:Mandalas and Yantras in the Hindu Traditions
6582:
5956:. Vol. 6. Macmillan. pp. 345–347.
5712:Mandalas And Yantras In The Hindu Traditions
5242:, p. 13) The Vedanga texts include the
5224:
4538:, a historic center of the Smarta Tradition.
7801:Oneness of God from Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham
7541:
7518:
7283:
7235:
6911:
6806:
6804:
6745:. Oxford University Press. pp. 89–91.
6407:
6102:sfn error: no target: CITEREFMichaels2004 (
6054:
5995:
5976:
5937:
5922:
5910:
5898:
5886:
5874:
5742:
5600:
5251:
5247:
5239:
4672:Prajñānam brahma (Consciousness is Brahman)
4163:
7611:
7325:Burton Stein; Sanjay Subrahmanyam (1996).
7294:
7066:
7036:
6950:
6768:
6083:sfn error: no target: CITEREFCollins1988 (
5763:
3760:
3746:
7315:
7131:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 680–681.
6962:
6792:
6774:
6618:
6402:The Self-Defeating Philosophy of Mayavada
6343:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSharma2000 (
6277:sfn error: no target: CITEREFSharma2000 (
6186:sfn error: no target: CITEREFThapar2003 (
6145:sfn error: no target: CITEREFThapar2003 (
6031:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 212–220.
5857:(Editors: Denise Cush Et Al), Routledge,
5791:Textual Sources For The Study Of Hinduism
7295:J. Brouwer (1987). Rob de Ridder (ed.).
7126:
6801:
6738:
6486:
6429:
6097:
5950:Mircea Eliade; Charles J. Adams (1987).
5843:. Oxford University Press. p. 1154.
5342:ultimate reality is pure consciousness (
5321:
4905:
4525:
4280:is posited as a means to realizing this
4276:is the unchanging Reality, however, the
141:
7702:Non-Dualisme. De directe bevrijdingsweg
7653:Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1-5
7451:
7431:
7411:
7016:Constance Jones; James D. Ryan (2006).
6894:
6639:
6520:. Pearson Education. pp. 509–514.
6224:sfn error: no target: CITEREFNath2001 (
6205:sfn error: no target: CITEREFNath2001 (
6167:sfn error: no target: CITEREFNath2001 (
6126:sfn error: no target: CITEREFNath2001 (
6078:
5821:
5386:", against the realistic strain of the
4805:Ayamātmā brahma (This Atman is Brahman)
3833:schools in the sense that they develop
2637:Sources and classification of scripture
310:(स्मार्त) is an adjective derived from
14:
7808:
7699:
7669:
7640:
7591:
7573:
7564:
7514:, Meerut, India: Kusumanjali Prakashan
7402:
7379:
6984:
6938:
6926:
6879:
6606:
6567:
6540:
6447:
6338:
6311:
6272:
6260:
6181:
6140:
5549:, pp. 113, 134, 155–161, 167–168.
5482:
4272:– the Brahman without attributes. The
370:In Smarta tradition context, the term
7745:"Adi Shankara's four Amnaya Peethams"
7693:The Philosophical Traditions of India
7631:
7582:
7509:
7480:
7363:
7223:
6693:
6666:
6594:
6513:
6066:
5685:
5615:
5546:
5534:
5461:
5011:
4518:tradition into the Brahmanical fold.
4482:The Brahmasutra is considered as the
1259:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation)
1254:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption)
334:
191:that developed and expanded with the
7690:
7634:Radhakrishnan: A Religious Biography
7500:
7351:
6647:"The Four Denominations of Hinduism"
6358:Swami B.V. Giri, Gaudya Touchstone,
6323:
6294:
6219:
6200:
6162:
6121:
5038:
4917:
4168:
4088:Recognition of Smarta as a tradition
4068:, but had developed the practice of
3924:(half Shiva, half Vishnu deity) and
7153:From Temple schools to Universities
5563:Genesis And Development of Tantrism
4266:– the Brahman with attributes, and
3946:
3829:tradition and are sometimes called
24:
7772:
6781:Journal of Hindu-Christian Studies
6702:. Yale University Press. pp.
4901:
4221:) has been dated to belong to the
4146:
25:
7842:
7767:
7704:, Cothen: Uitgeverij Juwelenschip
7587:, Oxford: Oxford University Press
6490:Historical Dictionary Of Hinduism
5789:Wendy Doniger O'Flaherty (1988),
4230:architecture very commonly, from
7256:
7229:
7204:
6742:Offering Flowers, Feeding Skulls
6673:. Brill Academic. pp. 1–4.
5042:
4921:
3727:
409:
291:Brahmins, who specialise in the
40:
7737:
7598:, Westminster John Knox Press,
7372:
7145:
7120:
7052:. Routledge. pp. 148–151.
6990:
6843:
6826:
6823:Coburn, Thomas B. 1984. pp. 439
6759:
6732:
6534:
6507:
6480:
6453:
6393:
6379:
6365:
6351:
6025:William Joseph Jackson (1994).
6001:
5943:
5847:
5837:Monier Monier-Williams (1923).
5793:, Manchester University Press,
5704:
5691:
5662:
5621:
5576:Ninian Smart On World Religions
5397:
5330:
5257:
4972:Brahmins who specialize in the
4897:Smarta Brahmins and Visvakarmas
4521:
4064:theory as defining the path of
4046:as the touchstone of a revived
279:The term Smarta also refers to
7730:
7618:, The Rosen Publishing Group,
7567:Shankara and Indian Philosophy
7487:, Cambridge University Press,
7438:, University of Hawaii Press,
6775:Rambachan, Anantanand (2001).
6625:. BRILL Academic. p. 60.
5749:. I. B. Tauris. pp. 6–7.
5699:Puja: A Study In Smarta Ritual
5568:
5510:
5439:
4910:A Vaidika Smarta Brahmin from
4464:Common religious law books or
497:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies
13:
1:
7612:Lochtefeld, James G. (2002),
7592:Larson, Gerald James (2009),
5840:A Sanskrit–English Dictionary
5651:, New York University Press,
5433:
5419:holds the same beliefs about
4715:Aham brahmāsmi (I am Brahman)
4397:and their changeless nature.
3817:ways, which gave rise to six
3558:Other society-related topics:
1249:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy)
346:Smarta has several meanings:
7715:, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
7645:, Cambridge University Press
7407:, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass
7242:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 7–8.
7073:Gerald James Larson (1995).
5953:The encyclopedia of religion
5773:Spoken Sanskrit Dictionary,
5034:
4976:corpus of texts such as the
4024:Shankara and Advaita Vedanta
3669:Hinduism and other religions
2466:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati
353:Recorded in or based on the
302:
46:The five primary deities of
7:
7709:Vaitheespara, Ravi (2010),
7484:An Introduction to Hinduism
7389:, Oxford University Press,
7076:India's Agony Over Religion
6810:William Wainwright (2012),
5728:An Introduction To Hinduism
5403:By contrast, the dualistic
5083:
4957:is also used to classify a
4804:
4790:
4778:
4761:
4747:
4735:
4726:
4714:
4700:
4688:
4671:
4657:
4645:
4634:
4620:
4547:
4490:. The text relies on other
3916:classes, in particular the
3414:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram
3386:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
1114:Arishadvargas (six enemies)
1058:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs)
1053:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body)
326:
178:
10:
7847:
7794:
7650:Popular Prakashan (2000),
7632:Minor, Rober Neil (1987),
7100:Vasudha Narayanan (2009).
6727:Espin & Nickoloff 2007
6619:Bühnemann, Gudrun (2003).
5853:Dermot Killingley (2007),
5208:Hoysala Karnataka Brahmins
5203:Halenadu Karnataka Brahmin
4980:layer embedded inside the
4762:Tattvamasi (That thou art)
4589:Sringeri Sharada monastery
4476:and the Bodhyayana Smriti.
4312:
4293:. A Smarta may choose any
4250:Saguna and Nirguna Brahman
4082:Sringeri Sharada monastery
4027:
3799:period of the rise of the
3771:
3290:Naalayira Divya Prabandham
1970:Gurus, sants, philosophers
1906:Akshar Purushottam Darshan
1094:Uparati (self-settledness)
385:
134:Hoysala Karnataka Brahmins
7670:Potter, Karl. H. (1981),
7127:Nakamura, Hajime (2004).
7022:. Infobase. p. 280.
7001:, Encyclopædia Britannica
6683:– via Google Books.
6635:– via Google Books.
6547:. ABC-CLIO. p. 578.
5113:Prominent Smarta teachers
4992:) literature such as the
4886:Sri Samsthan Dabholi Math
4872:Shri Gaudapadacharya Math
4510:and others. Some of this
4333:), but most markedly the
2456:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati
1109:Samadhana (concentration)
973:Three paths to liberation
480:Tribal religions in India
465:Historical Vedic religion
460:Indus Valley Civilisation
320:
168:
120:
115:
104:
99:
84:
79:
72:
67:
60:
55:
39:
7784:Advaita Vedanta Homepage
7583:Knipe, David M. (2015),
7501:Fort, Andrew O. (1998),
7403:Comans, Michael (2000),
7381:Basham, Arthur Llewellyn
7263:Fred W. Clothey (2006).
7151:Hartmut Scharfe (2002),
7019:Encyclopedia of Hinduism
6716:– via archive.org.
6694:Harle, James C. (1994).
6487:Sullivan, B. M. (1997).
6460:Jeffrey R. Timm (1992).
5877:, pp. 18–22, 29–30.
5855:Encyclopedia Of Hinduism
5518:"Smarta sect | Hinduism"
5218:
5177:Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
4308:
4164:Philosophy and practices
4135:and can be described as
3855:schools which emphasize
1285:, sacrifice, and charity
7700:Renard, Philip (2010),
7677:, Motilal Banarsidass,
7452:Doniger, Wendy (1999),
7432:Deutsch, Eliot (1988),
6739:McDaniel, June (2004).
6372:harekrishnatemple.com,
5522:Encyclopedia Britannica
3463:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
2676:Timeline of Hindu texts
2581:Siddharameshwar Maharaj
1609:Pumsavana Simantonayana
1264:Śabda (word, testimony)
502:Epic-Puranic chronology
470:Dravidian folk religion
7641:Morris, Brian (2006),
7412:Cousins, L.S. (2010),
7173:Dr, Vaidhyanathan 2017
6794:10.7825/2164-6279.1250
6541:Melton, J. G. (2014).
6244:Popular Prakashan 2000
5647:L. Williamson (2010),
5574:John Shephard (2009),
5081:
4915:
4702:Sringeri Śārada Pīṭhaṃ
4553:under four Maṭhas, at
4539:
4433:Madhusudhana Saraswati
4363:
4161:
4094:Tattvarthadipanibandha
4078:
4042:interpretation of the
3985:The Brahmanism of the
3821:(orthodox schools) of
3810:
3428:Eighteen Greater Texts
3057:Brahma Vaivarta Purana
2486:Krishnananda Saraswati
1725:Vijayadashami-Dussehra
1239:Pratyakṣa (perception)
1099:Titiksha (forbearance)
283:who specialise in the
151:
7656:, Popular Prakashan,
7565:Isaeva, N.V. (1993),
7510:Goyal, S. R. (1984),
7481:Flood, Gavin (1996),
7046:Karel Werner (2013).
5726:Flood, Gavin (1996),
5182:Madhusudana Saraswati
5076:
4909:
4529:
4343:
4284:. The concept of the
4156:
4052:
3863:knowledge tradition.
3805:
3794:The "Hindu Synthesis"
3544:Varna-related topics:
3435:Eighteen Lesser Texts
3008:Devi Bhagavata Purana
1899:Svabhavika Bhedabheda
1885:Achintya Bheda Abheda
1817:Philosophical schools
1119:Ahamkara (attachment)
1079:Vairagya (dispassion)
1007:Mokṣa-related topics:
145:
116:Related ethnic groups
7236:Gavin Flood (2006).
6840:, Chapter 2, page 26
6706:–142, 191, 201–203.
5743:Gavin Flood (2006).
5407:traditions consider
5127:Govinda Bhagavatpada
5000:Brahmins and Shaiva
4839:Ramachandrapura Math
4828:at Swarnavalli near
4323:. These include the
4076:("deity of choice").
3808:the third phase on .
3676:Hinduism and Jainism
2606:Vethathiri Maharishi
2511:Nisargadatta Maharaj
1074:Viveka (discernment)
449:(500/200 BCE–300 CE)
7816:Hindu denominations
7691:Raju, P.T. (1971),
7458:, Merriam-Webster,
7210:Buhnemann, Gudrun,
7192:Jonathan Bader 2017
6400:Gaura Gopala Dasa,
6388:The Mayavada School
6374:Mayavada Philosophy
6143:, p. 325, 487.
5710:Buhnemann, Gudrun,
5697:Buhnemann, Gudrun,
5483:Milner, M. (1994).
5172:Sri Ramana Maharshi
4961:who adheres to the
4549:Daśanāmi Sampradāya
4319:Smartas follow the
3734:Hinduism portal
3613:Hinduism by country
3449:Iraiyanar Akapporul
3393:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
2476:Dayananda Saraswati
2461:Bhaktivinoda Thakur
2367:Sripada Srivallabha
2307:Raghunatha Siromani
2272:Narasimha Saraswati
2172:Santadas Kathiababa
1244:Anumāṇa (inference)
336:[s̪mr̩.t̪i]
187:, is a movement in
146:Smarta Brahmins in
36:
7476:, Liturgical Press
6929:, p. 100-101.
6514:Singh, U. (2008).
6297:, p. 177-178.
5378:into Badarayana's
5350:Mandukaya Upanisad
5054:. You can help by
5012:Smarta Visvakarmas
4933:. You can help by
4916:
4792:Jyotirmaṭha Pīṭhaṃ
4540:
4454:Srimad Bhagavatham
4117:(caste/class) and
3628:Caribbean Shaktism
3347:Kanakadhara Stotra
2596:U. G. Krishnamurti
2576:Satyadhyana Tirtha
2167:Gangesha Upadhyaya
1825:Six Astika schools
1069:Ānanda (happiness)
1048:Anātman (non-self)
350:Relating to memory
152:
90: •
32:
7684:978-81-208-0310-7
7445:978-0-88706-662-7
7338:978-0-19-563857-8
7308:978-90-04-08517-6
7276:978-1-57003-647-7
7249:978-1-84511-011-6
7226:, pp. 56–57.
7113:978-1-4358-5620-2
7086:978-1-4384-1014-2
7059:978-1-136-77461-4
7029:978-0-8160-7564-5
6752:978-0-19-534713-5
6713:978-0-300-06217-5
6651:Himalayan Academy
6583:Vaitheespara 2010
6554:978-1-61069-026-3
6527:978-81-317-1120-0
6500:978-0-8108-3327-2
6473:978-0-7914-0796-7
6424:978-0-415-46118-4
6222:, pp. 31–32.
6038:978-81-208-1146-1
5998:, pp. 29–30.
5979:, pp. 18–22.
5963:978-0-02-909750-2
5940:, pp. 18–19.
5756:978-1-84511-011-6
5537:, pp. 36–37.
5496:978-0-19-535912-1
5382:, "and give it a
5270:Markandeya Purana
5254:, pp. 13–14)
5167:Swami Vivekananda
5157:Vachaspati Mishra
5147:Hastamalakacharya
5072:
5071:
4965:corpus of texts.
4951:
4950:
4826:Svarnavalli Matha
4819:
4818:
4659:Govardhana Pīṭhaṃ
4565:in the South and
4466:dharma literature
4175:Panchayatana puja
4169:Panchayatana Puja
4109:varnasrama-dharma
3902:deity of choice (
3851:, in contrast to
3770:
3769:
3621:Balinese Hinduism
3120:Markandeya Purana
2357:Satyanatha Tirtha
2312:Raghuttama Tirtha
2302:Raghavendra Swami
2142:Ramdas Kathiababa
1223:Sources of dharma
1089:Dama (temperance)
1084:Sama (equanimity)
450:
276:in its outlook".
140:
139:
16:(Redirected from
7838:
7821:Smarta tradition
7761:
7760:
7758:
7756:
7747:. Archived from
7741:
7725:
7705:
7696:
7687:
7666:
7646:
7637:
7628:
7608:
7588:
7579:
7570:
7561:
7543:Hiltebeitel, Alf
7538:
7520:Hiltebeitel, Alf
7515:
7506:
7497:
7477:
7468:
7448:
7428:
7408:
7399:
7367:
7361:
7355:
7349:
7343:
7342:
7322:
7313:
7312:
7292:
7281:
7280:
7260:
7254:
7253:
7233:
7227:
7221:
7215:
7208:
7202:
7201:
7189:
7183:
7182:
7170:
7164:
7149:
7143:
7142:
7124:
7118:
7117:
7097:
7091:
7090:
7070:
7064:
7063:
7043:
7034:
7033:
7013:
7002:
6994:
6988:
6987:, p. 35-36.
6982:
6973:
6972:
6960:
6954:
6948:
6942:
6936:
6930:
6924:
6915:
6912:Hiltebeitel 2002
6909:
6898:
6892:
6883:
6877:
6858:
6847:
6841:
6830:
6824:
6821:
6815:
6808:
6799:
6798:
6796:
6772:
6766:
6763:
6757:
6756:
6736:
6730:
6724:
6718:
6717:
6701:
6691:
6685:
6684:
6664:
6655:
6654:
6643:
6637:
6636:
6616:
6610:
6604:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6571:
6565:
6559:
6558:
6538:
6532:
6531:
6511:
6505:
6504:
6484:
6478:
6477:
6457:
6451:
6445:
6439:
6433:
6427:
6416:
6405:
6397:
6391:
6383:
6377:
6369:
6363:
6355:
6349:
6348:
6336:
6327:
6321:
6315:
6309:
6298:
6292:
6283:
6282:
6275:, p. 60-64.
6270:
6264:
6263:, p. 35-36.
6258:
6247:
6241:
6230:
6229:
6217:
6211:
6210:
6198:
6192:
6191:
6179:
6173:
6172:
6160:
6151:
6150:
6138:
6132:
6131:
6119:
6108:
6107:
6095:
6089:
6088:
6076:
6070:
6064:
6058:
6055:Hiltebeitel 2013
6052:
6043:
6042:
6022:
6011:
6005:
5999:
5996:Hiltebeitel 2013
5993:
5980:
5977:Hiltebeitel 2013
5974:
5968:
5967:
5947:
5941:
5938:Hiltebeitel 2013
5935:
5926:
5923:Hiltebeitel 2013
5920:
5914:
5911:Hiltebeitel 2013
5908:
5902:
5899:Hiltebeitel 2013
5896:
5890:
5887:Hiltebeitel 2013
5884:
5878:
5875:Hiltebeitel 2013
5872:
5866:
5851:
5845:
5844:
5834:
5825:
5819:
5802:
5787:
5778:
5770:
5761:
5760:
5740:
5731:
5724:
5715:
5708:
5702:
5695:
5689:
5683:
5677:
5666:
5660:
5645:
5636:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5604:
5601:Hiltebeitel 2013
5598:
5587:
5572:
5566:
5559:
5550:
5544:
5538:
5532:
5526:
5525:
5514:
5508:
5507:
5505:
5503:
5480:
5465:
5459:
5446:
5443:
5428:
5417:Shaiva Siddhanta
5401:
5395:
5334:
5328:
5325:
5319:
5298:Brahmanda Purana
5261:
5255:
5252:Hiltebeitel 2013
5248:Hiltebeitel 2013
5240:Hiltebeitel 2013
5228:
5137:Sureshwaracharya
5067:
5064:
5046:
5039:
5002:Kashmiri Pandits
4946:
4943:
4925:
4918:
4834:Sirsi, Karnataka
4807:
4795:
4783:
4764:
4752:
4740:
4737:Hastāmalakācārya
4729:
4717:
4705:
4693:
4674:
4662:
4650:
4639:
4625:
4598:
4597:
4552:
4488:Smriti Prasthana
4474:Apastamba Smriti
4365:The identity of
4321:Hindu scriptures
4205:). According to
4061:varnasramadharma
4009:Bhagavata Purana
3968:tribal societies
3947:Puranic Hinduism
3896:pancayatana-puja
3890:(self, soul) as
3823:Hindu philosophy
3762:
3755:
3748:
3732:
3731:
3730:
3692:and Christianity
3662:Pilgrimage sites
3592:Reform movements
3470:Vinayagar Agaval
3421:Five Great Epics
3370:Tamil literature
3269:Sushruta Samhita
3064:Bhavishya Purana
3050:Brahmanda Purana
3001:Bhagavata Purana
2929:Other scriptures
2491:Mahavatar Babaji
2066:Satyakama Jabala
1737:Ganesh Chaturthi
1591:Rites of passage
1104:Shraddha (faith)
522:Major traditions
448:
413:
390:
389:
338:
333:
329:
323:
322:
181:
170:
44:
37:
31:
21:
7846:
7845:
7841:
7840:
7839:
7837:
7836:
7835:
7826:Advaita Vedanta
7806:
7805:
7797:
7775:
7773:Advaita Vedanta
7770:
7765:
7764:
7754:
7752:
7751:on 26 June 2006
7743:
7742:
7738:
7733:
7728:
7723:
7685:
7664:
7626:
7606:
7559:
7536:
7495:
7466:
7446:
7426:
7397:
7375:
7370:
7362:
7358:
7350:
7346:
7339:
7323:
7316:
7309:
7293:
7284:
7277:
7261:
7257:
7250:
7234:
7230:
7222:
7218:
7209:
7205:
7195:
7190:
7186:
7176:
7171:
7167:
7150:
7146:
7139:
7125:
7121:
7114:
7098:
7094:
7087:
7071:
7067:
7060:
7044:
7037:
7030:
7014:
7005:
6995:
6991:
6983:
6976:
6966:
6961:
6957:
6951:Lochtefeld 2002
6949:
6945:
6937:
6933:
6925:
6918:
6910:
6901:
6893:
6886:
6878:
6861:
6857:, pages 245-248
6848:
6844:
6831:
6827:
6822:
6818:
6812:Concepts of God
6809:
6802:
6773:
6769:
6764:
6760:
6753:
6737:
6733:
6725:
6721:
6714:
6692:
6688:
6681:
6665:
6658:
6645:
6644:
6640:
6633:
6617:
6613:
6605:
6601:
6593:
6589:
6581:
6574:
6566:
6562:
6555:
6539:
6535:
6528:
6512:
6508:
6501:
6485:
6481:
6474:
6458:
6454:
6446:
6442:
6434:
6430:
6426:, pages 114-115
6417:
6408:
6398:
6394:
6386:harekrsna.com,
6384:
6380:
6370:
6366:
6356:
6352:
6342:
6337:
6330:
6322:
6318:
6310:
6301:
6293:
6286:
6276:
6271:
6267:
6259:
6250:
6242:
6233:
6223:
6218:
6214:
6204:
6199:
6195:
6185:
6180:
6176:
6166:
6161:
6154:
6144:
6139:
6135:
6125:
6120:
6111:
6101:
6096:
6092:
6082:
6077:
6073:
6065:
6061:
6053:
6046:
6039:
6023:
6014:
6006:
6002:
5994:
5983:
5975:
5971:
5964:
5948:
5944:
5936:
5929:
5921:
5917:
5909:
5905:
5897:
5893:
5885:
5881:
5873:
5869:
5852:
5848:
5835:
5828:
5824:, p. 1017.
5820:
5805:
5788:
5781:
5771:
5764:
5757:
5741:
5734:
5725:
5718:
5709:
5705:
5696:
5692:
5684:
5680:
5667:
5663:
5646:
5639:
5626:
5622:
5614:
5607:
5599:
5590:
5573:
5569:
5560:
5553:
5545:
5541:
5533:
5529:
5516:
5515:
5511:
5501:
5499:
5497:
5481:
5468:
5460:
5449:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5431:
5402:
5398:
5384:locus classicus
5335:
5331:
5326:
5322:
5306:to c. 450–900,
5262:
5258:
5244:Kalpa (Vedanga)
5236:Alf Hiltebeitel
5229:
5225:
5221:
5191:
5162:Sri Ramakrishna
5142:Padmapadacharya
5110:
5096:Advaita Vedanta
5086:
5068:
5062:
5059:
5052:needs expansion
5037:
5014:
4947:
4941:
4938:
4931:needs expansion
4904:
4902:Smarta Brahmins
4899:
4604:
4559:Jagannatha Puri
4524:
4484:Nyaya Prasthana
4317:
4311:
4291:nirguna Brahman
4282:nirguna Brahman
4274:nirguna Brahman
4269:nirguna Brahman
4252:
4171:
4166:
4149:
4147:Modern Hinduism
4129:Advaita Vedanta
4090:
4070:pancayatanapuja
4036:
4034:Advaita Vedanta
4028:Main articles:
4026:
3949:
3926:Ardhanarishvara
3796:
3784:Alf Hiltebeitel
3780:
3766:
3728:
3726:
3707:
3706:
3700:
3670:
3636:
3615:
3607:
3597:
3596:
3559:
3492:
3484:
3476:
3475:
3372:
3340:
3262:Charaka Samhita
3241:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra
3199:Shilpa Shastras
3178:
3131:
3015:Naradiya Purana
2987:
2982:
2957:
2931:
2890:
2754:
2686:
2670:
2639:
2631:
2621:
2620:
2566:Shirdi Sai Baba
2561:Sathya Sai Baba
2541:Ramana Maharshi
2445:
2412:Vadiraja Tirtha
2407:Vācaspati Miśra
2287:Srinivasacharya
2267:Narahari Tirtha
2247:Matsyendranatha
2232:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa
2197:Jagannatha Dasa
2187:Haridasa Thakur
2101:
1980:
1972:
1962:
1961:
1917:
1878:Vishishtadvaita
1827:
1819:
1809:
1808:
1762:Makar Sankranti
1742:Vasant Panchami
1705:Maha Shivaratri
1689:
1593:
1502:
1436:
1405:
1286:
1277:
1269:
1268:
1233:
1127:
1064:Prajña (wisdom)
1060:
1037:
1001:
975:
944:
913:
911:Meaning of life
898:God in Hinduism
887:
851:
849:Supreme reality
826:Subtle elements
815:
796:
790:
780:
779:
635:
604:
578:
570:
560:
559:
556:
523:
517:
507:
506:
451:
446:Hindu synthesis
442:
437:
388:
331:
305:
258:Advaita Vedanta
183:), also called
51:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7844:
7834:
7833:
7828:
7823:
7818:
7804:
7803:
7796:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7774:
7771:
7769:
7768:External links
7766:
7763:
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7727:
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7721:
7706:
7697:
7688:
7683:
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7609:
7604:
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7557:
7539:
7534:
7516:
7507:
7498:
7493:
7478:
7469:
7464:
7449:
7444:
7429:
7424:
7409:
7400:
7395:
7376:
7374:
7371:
7369:
7368:
7356:
7354:, p. 179.
7344:
7337:
7314:
7307:
7282:
7275:
7255:
7248:
7228:
7216:
7203:
7194:, p. 270.
7184:
7165:
7161:978-9004125568
7144:
7138:978-8120819634
7137:
7119:
7112:
7092:
7085:
7065:
7058:
7035:
7028:
7003:
6989:
6974:
6963:Scheepers 2000
6955:
6953:, p. 656.
6943:
6931:
6916:
6899:
6884:
6882:, p. 185.
6859:
6855:978-0815336112
6842:
6838:978-1851685387
6825:
6816:
6800:
6767:
6758:
6751:
6731:
6729:, p. 563.
6719:
6712:
6686:
6679:
6656:
6638:
6632:978-9004129023
6631:
6611:
6609:, p. 109.
6599:
6587:
6572:
6570:, p. 135.
6560:
6553:
6533:
6526:
6506:
6499:
6479:
6472:
6452:
6440:
6428:
6406:
6392:
6378:
6364:
6350:
6328:
6326:, p. 177.
6316:
6314:, p. 157.
6299:
6284:
6265:
6248:
6231:
6212:
6193:
6184:, p. 487.
6174:
6152:
6133:
6109:
6090:
6071:
6069:, p. 359.
6059:
6044:
6037:
6012:
6000:
5981:
5969:
5962:
5942:
5927:
5915:
5903:
5891:
5879:
5867:
5863:978-0700712670
5846:
5826:
5803:
5779:
5762:
5755:
5732:
5716:
5703:
5690:
5678:
5674:978-8120811461
5661:
5657:978-0814794500
5637:
5633:978-0195610796
5620:
5605:
5588:
5584:978-0754666387
5567:
5551:
5539:
5527:
5509:
5495:
5466:
5464:, p. 113.
5447:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5396:
5344:vijñapti-mātra
5329:
5320:
5318:
5317:
5316:to c. 600–1000
5311:
5301:
5295:
5285:
5279:
5273:
5256:
5234:texts, states
5222:
5220:
5217:
5216:
5215:
5210:
5205:
5196:
5195:
5190:
5189:
5187:Swami Karpatri
5184:
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5118:
5117:
5116:
5114:
5109:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5070:
5069:
5049:
5047:
5036:
5033:
5013:
5010:
4953:The adjective
4949:
4948:
4928:
4926:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4883:
4869:
4862:Chitrapur Math
4859:
4846:
4836:
4817:
4816:
4813:
4808:
4801:
4796:
4787:
4784:
4774:
4773:
4770:
4765:
4758:
4753:
4749:Dvāraka Pīṭhaṃ
4744:
4741:
4731:
4730:
4723:
4718:
4711:
4706:
4697:
4694:
4684:
4683:
4680:
4675:
4668:
4663:
4654:
4651:
4641:
4640:
4631:
4626:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4606:
4523:
4520:
4494:, such as the
4480:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4462:
4444:
4425:
4408:The two epics
4310:
4307:
4286:saguna Brahman
4278:saguna Brahman
4263:saguna Brahman
4251:
4248:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4148:
4145:
4098:Vallabhacharya
4089:
4086:
4025:
4022:
3987:Dharmashastras
3948:
3945:
3841:, directly on
3795:
3792:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3736:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3698:
3672:
3671:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3634:
3631:
3630:
3624:
3623:
3617:
3616:
3611:
3608:
3603:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3565:Discrimination
3561:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3547:
3546:
3540:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3501:
3500:
3494:
3493:
3488:
3485:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3459:
3456:Abirami Antati
3452:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3410:
3403:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3342:
3341:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3304:Ramcharitmanas
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3255:Pramana Sutras
3251:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3227:Mimamsa Sutras
3223:
3220:Samkhya Sutras
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3185:Dharma Shastra
3180:
3179:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3124:
3123:
3116:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2989:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2959:
2958:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2941:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2860:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2845:
2837:
2836:
2830:
2829:
2822:
2819:Shvetashvatara
2815:
2808:
2801:
2794:
2791:Brihadaranyaka
2786:
2785:
2779:
2778:
2771:
2763:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2725:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2688:
2687:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2632:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Upasni Maharaj
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2427:Vedanta Desika
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2347:Samarth Ramdas
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2297:Purandara Dasa
2294:
2289:
2284:
2282:Nimbarkacharya
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2202:Jayanta Bhatta
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1973:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1823:
1820:
1815:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1806:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1732:Raksha Bandhan
1729:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1614:Simantonnayana
1611:
1606:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1563:Carnatic music
1560:
1555:
1550:
1548:Bhagavata Mela
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1492:Kundalini yoga
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
997:
994:
993:
988:
983:
977:
976:
971:
968:
967:
962:
957:
952:
946:
945:
942:Stages of life
940:
937:
936:
931:
926:
921:
915:
914:
909:
906:
905:
903:God and gender
900:
895:
889:
888:
885:
882:
881:
876:
871:
870:
869:
864:
853:
852:
847:
844:
843:
838:
836:Gross elements
833:
828:
823:
817:
816:
813:
810:
809:
804:
798:
797:
794:
791:
786:
785:
782:
781:
778:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
711:
710:
704:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
647:
646:
637:
636:
626:
623:
622:
617:
612:
606:
605:
600:
597:
596:
591:
586:
580:
579:
574:
571:
566:
565:
562:
561:
558:
557:
550:
547:
546:
541:
536:
531:
525:
524:
521:
518:
513:
512:
509:
508:
505:
504:
499:
494:
492:Itihasa-Purana
483:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
438:
435:
434:
431:
430:
429:
428:
423:
415:
414:
406:
405:
399:
398:
387:
384:
376:Shankaracharya
368:
367:
360:
357:
351:
304:
301:
260:, and regards
197:Uttara Mīmāṃsā
150:(c. 1855–1862)
138:
137:
118:
117:
113:
112:
102:
101:
97:
96:
82:
81:
77:
76:
70:
69:
65:
64:
58:
57:
53:
52:
45:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7843:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7822:
7819:
7817:
7814:
7813:
7811:
7802:
7799:
7798:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7776:
7750:
7746:
7740:
7736:
7724:
7722:9783447063777
7718:
7714:
7713:
7707:
7703:
7698:
7694:
7689:
7686:
7680:
7676:
7672:
7668:
7665:
7663:9780852297605
7659:
7655:
7654:
7648:
7644:
7639:
7635:
7630:
7627:
7625:9780823931804
7621:
7617:
7616:
7610:
7607:
7605:9781611640472
7601:
7597:
7596:
7590:
7586:
7581:
7577:
7572:
7568:
7563:
7560:
7558:9781136875977
7554:
7551:, Routledge,
7550:
7549:
7544:
7540:
7537:
7535:9781136875977
7531:
7528:, Routledge,
7527:
7526:
7521:
7517:
7513:
7508:
7504:
7499:
7496:
7494:9780521438780
7490:
7486:
7485:
7479:
7475:
7470:
7467:
7465:9780877790440
7461:
7457:
7456:
7450:
7447:
7441:
7437:
7436:
7430:
7427:
7425:9780141955049
7421:
7417:
7416:
7410:
7406:
7401:
7398:
7396:9780195073492
7392:
7388:
7387:
7382:
7378:
7377:
7365:
7360:
7353:
7348:
7340:
7334:
7330:
7329:
7321:
7319:
7310:
7304:
7300:
7299:
7291:
7289:
7287:
7278:
7272:
7268:
7267:
7259:
7251:
7245:
7241:
7240:
7232:
7225:
7220:
7213:
7207:
7199:
7193:
7188:
7180:
7175:, p. 35.
7174:
7169:
7162:
7158:
7154:
7148:
7140:
7134:
7130:
7123:
7115:
7109:
7105:
7104:
7096:
7088:
7082:
7078:
7077:
7069:
7061:
7055:
7051:
7050:
7042:
7040:
7031:
7025:
7021:
7020:
7012:
7010:
7008:
7000:
6999:
6993:
6986:
6981:
6979:
6970:
6964:
6959:
6952:
6947:
6941:, p. 35.
6940:
6935:
6928:
6923:
6921:
6913:
6908:
6906:
6904:
6896:
6891:
6889:
6881:
6876:
6874:
6872:
6870:
6868:
6866:
6864:
6856:
6852:
6846:
6839:
6835:
6829:
6820:
6813:
6807:
6805:
6795:
6790:
6786:
6782:
6778:
6771:
6762:
6754:
6748:
6744:
6743:
6735:
6728:
6723:
6715:
6709:
6705:
6700:
6699:
6690:
6682:
6680:90-04-06498-2
6676:
6672:
6671:
6663:
6661:
6652:
6648:
6642:
6634:
6628:
6624:
6623:
6615:
6608:
6603:
6596:
6591:
6585:, p. 91.
6584:
6579:
6577:
6569:
6564:
6556:
6550:
6546:
6545:
6537:
6529:
6523:
6519:
6518:
6510:
6502:
6496:
6492:
6491:
6483:
6475:
6469:
6465:
6464:
6456:
6450:, p. 81.
6449:
6444:
6437:
6432:
6425:
6421:
6415:
6413:
6411:
6404:
6403:
6396:
6390:
6389:
6382:
6376:
6375:
6368:
6362:
6361:
6354:
6346:
6341:, p. 64.
6340:
6335:
6333:
6325:
6320:
6313:
6308:
6306:
6304:
6296:
6291:
6289:
6280:
6274:
6269:
6262:
6257:
6255:
6253:
6246:, p. 52.
6245:
6240:
6238:
6236:
6227:
6221:
6216:
6208:
6203:, p. 20.
6202:
6197:
6189:
6183:
6178:
6170:
6165:, p. 19.
6164:
6159:
6157:
6148:
6142:
6137:
6129:
6123:
6118:
6116:
6114:
6105:
6100:, p. 41.
6099:
6098:Michaels 2004
6094:
6086:
6081:, p. 36.
6080:
6075:
6068:
6063:
6057:, p. 20.
6056:
6051:
6049:
6040:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6021:
6019:
6017:
6009:
6004:
5997:
5992:
5990:
5988:
5986:
5978:
5973:
5965:
5959:
5955:
5954:
5946:
5939:
5934:
5932:
5925:, p. 18.
5924:
5919:
5913:, p. 14.
5912:
5907:
5901:, p. 13.
5900:
5895:
5889:, p. 12.
5888:
5883:
5876:
5871:
5864:
5860:
5856:
5850:
5842:
5841:
5833:
5831:
5823:
5818:
5816:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5808:
5800:
5799:0-7190-1867-6
5796:
5792:
5786:
5784:
5777:
5776:
5769:
5767:
5758:
5752:
5748:
5747:
5739:
5737:
5729:
5723:
5721:
5713:
5707:
5700:
5694:
5688:, p. 36.
5687:
5682:
5675:
5671:
5665:
5658:
5654:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5634:
5630:
5624:
5617:
5612:
5610:
5602:
5597:
5595:
5593:
5585:
5581:
5577:
5571:
5564:
5558:
5556:
5548:
5543:
5536:
5531:
5523:
5519:
5513:
5498:
5492:
5488:
5487:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5471:
5463:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5452:
5442:
5438:
5426:
5422:
5418:
5414:
5410:
5406:
5400:
5393:
5389:
5388:Brahma Sutras
5385:
5381:
5380:Brahma Sutras
5377:
5373:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5355:
5351:
5347:
5345:
5339:
5333:
5324:
5315:
5312:
5310:to c. 550–850
5309:
5305:
5304:Vamana Purana
5302:
5300:to c. 350–950
5299:
5296:
5293:
5292:Vishnu Purana
5289:
5286:
5283:
5280:
5278:to c. 250–500
5277:
5276:Matsya Purana
5274:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:Wendy Doniger
5260:
5253:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5233:
5227:
5223:
5214:
5211:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5200:
5199:
5193:
5192:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5119:
5115:
5112:
5111:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5080:
5075:
5066:
5057:
5053:
5050:This section
5048:
5045:
5041:
5040:
5032:
5028:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5009:
5005:
5003:
4999:
4998:Sri Vaishnava
4995:
4991:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4975:
4971:
4966:
4964:
4960:
4956:
4945:
4936:
4932:
4929:This section
4927:
4924:
4920:
4919:
4913:
4908:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4870:
4867:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4806:
4802:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4775:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4738:
4733:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4716:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4704:
4703:
4698:
4695:
4692:
4691:
4686:
4685:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4673:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4661:
4660:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4643:
4642:
4638:
4637:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4618:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4603:
4600:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4590:
4585:
4583:
4579:
4574:
4571:
4568:
4564:
4561:in the East,
4560:
4557:in the West,
4556:
4551:
4550:
4543:
4537:
4533:
4528:
4519:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4504:Dharmasastras
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4475:
4471:
4468:, namely the
4467:
4463:
4459:
4458:Vishnu Purana
4455:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4442:
4438:
4434:
4430:
4429:Bhagavad Gita
4426:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4413:
4412:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4396:
4392:
4388:
4387:Brahma Sutras
4384:
4383:Bhagavad Gita
4380:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4316:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4271:
4270:
4265:
4264:
4258:
4254:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4224:
4223:Kushan Empire
4220:
4216:
4210:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4160:
4155:
4152:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4134:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4101:
4099:
4095:
4085:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4062:
4057:
4051:
4049:
4045:
4041:
4035:
4031:
4021:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4005:
3999:
3997:
3992:
3988:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3972:acculturation
3969:
3964:
3960:
3958:
3954:
3944:
3942:
3938:
3935:." It is the
3934:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3877:
3873:
3869:
3864:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3815:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3791:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3775:
3763:
3758:
3756:
3751:
3749:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3725:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3710:
3703:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3635:Hindu culture
3633:
3632:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3601:
3600:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:Organisations
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3556:
3555:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3502:
3499:
3496:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3480:
3479:
3472:
3471:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3460:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3451:
3450:
3446:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3425:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3416:
3415:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3402:
3401:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3390:
3388:
3387:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3356:
3355:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3330:
3327:
3326:
3322:
3320:
3319:
3315:
3313:
3312:
3311:Yoga Vasistha
3308:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3276:Natya Shastra
3273:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3231:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3222:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3213:Brahma Sutras
3210:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:Sthapatyaveda
3156:
3154:
3153:
3152:Gandharvaveda
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3140:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3113:Varaha Purana
3110:
3108:
3107:
3106:Skanda Purana
3103:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3080:
3079:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3043:Brahma Purana
3040:
3038:
3037:
3036:Garuda Purana
3033:
3031:
3030:
3029:Matsya Purana
3026:
3024:
3023:
3022:Vāmana Purana
3019:
3017:
3016:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2994:Vishnu Purana
2991:
2990:
2986:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2938:Bhagavad Gita
2935:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2828:
2827:
2823:
2821:
2820:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2780:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2697:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2680:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2625:
2624:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2521:Radhakrishnan
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:Narayana Guru
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2481:Jaggi Vasudev
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2471:Chinmayananda
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2448:
2442:
2441:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2332:Ramprasad Sen
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2182:Gorakshanatha
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2122:Allama Prabhu
2120:
2118:
2117:Akka Mahadevi
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2107:Abhinavagupta
2105:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2056:Prashastapada
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1916:Other schools
1914:
1913:
1908:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1900:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1892:Shuddhadvaita
1889:
1887:
1886:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1812:
1805:
1802:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1573:Kalaripayattu
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1508:Bharatanatyam
1506:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1430:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1387:Nritta-Nritya
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
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328:
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206:
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194:
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186:
182:
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174:
166:
162:
159:
158:
149:
148:Western India
144:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
114:
111:
107:
103:
98:
95:
94:
93:Smritisastras
89:
88:
83:
78:
75:
71:
66:
63:
59:
54:
49:
43:
38:
35:
30:
19:
7753:. Retrieved
7749:the original
7739:
7711:
7701:
7692:
7674:
7671:
7652:
7642:
7636:, SUNY Press
7633:
7614:
7594:
7584:
7575:
7569:, SUNY Press
7566:
7547:
7524:
7511:
7505:, SUNY Press
7502:
7483:
7473:
7454:
7434:
7414:
7404:
7385:
7373:Bibliography
7366:, p. 3.
7359:
7347:
7327:
7297:
7265:
7258:
7238:
7231:
7219:
7211:
7206:
7187:
7168:
7152:
7147:
7128:
7122:
7102:
7095:
7075:
7068:
7048:
7018:
6997:
6992:
6958:
6946:
6934:
6895:Cousins 2010
6845:
6828:
6819:
6784:
6780:
6770:
6761:
6741:
6734:
6722:
6697:
6689:
6669:
6650:
6641:
6621:
6614:
6602:
6590:
6563:
6543:
6536:
6516:
6509:
6489:
6482:
6462:
6455:
6443:
6431:
6401:
6395:
6387:
6381:
6373:
6367:
6359:
6353:
6319:
6268:
6215:
6196:
6177:
6136:
6093:
6079:Collins 1988
6074:
6062:
6027:
6003:
5972:
5952:
5945:
5918:
5906:
5894:
5882:
5870:
5854:
5849:
5839:
5822:Doniger 1999
5790:
5774:
5745:
5727:
5711:
5706:
5698:
5693:
5681:
5664:
5648:
5623:
5575:
5570:
5562:
5542:
5530:
5521:
5512:
5500:. Retrieved
5485:
5441:
5399:
5387:
5383:
5379:
5375:
5349:
5343:
5332:
5323:
5314:Linga Purana
5308:Kurma Purana
5259:
5226:
5197:
5152:Totakacharya
5132:Adi Shankara
5077:
5073:
5060:
5056:adding to it
5051:
5029:
5015:
5006:
4967:
4954:
4952:
4939:
4935:adding to it
4930:
4849:Kanchi matha
4820:
4811:Atharva Veda
4593:Adi Shankara
4586:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4544:
4541:
4522:Institutions
4515:
4511:
4491:
4487:
4483:
4481:
4465:
4447:
4440:
4419:
4409:
4394:
4390:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4364:
4358:
4354:
4350:
4346:
4344:
4338:
4334:
4324:
4318:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4290:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4273:
4267:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4253:
4227:
4215:Gupta Empire
4211:
4172:
4157:
4153:
4150:
4125:Adi Shankara
4118:
4112:
4108:
4106:
4102:
4093:
4091:
4079:
4073:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4055:
4053:
4047:
4037:
4030:Adi Shankara
4017:
4013:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3979:
3975:
3965:
3961:
3950:
3940:
3937:Bhagavadgita
3936:
3932:
3930:
3909:
3903:
3899:
3895:
3871:
3867:
3865:
3856:
3852:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3818:
3813:
3811:
3806:
3797:
3781:
3694: /
3690: /
3686: /
3682: /
3680:and Buddhism
3678: /
3642:Architecture
3605:Other topics
3543:
3526:
3498:Four varnas:
3497:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3405:
3398:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3359:
3352:
3345:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3283:Panchatantra
3281:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3234:Nyāya Sūtras
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3192:Artha Śastra
3190:
3183:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3136:
3118:
3111:
3104:
3099:Kūrma Purana
3097:
3092:Linga Purana
3090:
3085:Shiva Purana
3083:
3076:
3071:Padma Purana
3069:
3062:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3006:
2999:
2992:
2969:
2962:
2947:s (Hinduism)
2944:
2936:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2857:Atharvaveda:
2856:
2847:
2840:
2833:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2773:
2766:
2759:
2721:
2712:
2705:
2698:
2691:
2571:Shraddhanand
2546:Ravi Shankar
2526:R. D. Ranade
2387:Śyāma Śastri
2382:Swaminarayan
2342:Rupa Goswami
2252:Morya Gosavi
2212:Jiva Goswami
2112:Adi Shankara
1938:Pratyabhijña
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1669:Samavartanam
1649:Vidyāraṃbhaṃ
1634:Annaprashana
1558:Dandiya Raas
1533:Mohiniyattam
1426:Nididhyāsana
1231:Epistemology
1163:Brahmacharya
1043:Ātman (self)
1006:
950:Brahmacharya
879:Saccidānanda
831:Panchikarana
707:
640:
631: /
627:Other major
551:
538:
485:
484:
439:
371:
369:
345:
307:
306:
278:
265:
262:Adi Shankara
254:
184:
176:
160:
156:
155:
153:
91:
85:
62:Adi Shankara
47:
33:
29:
7831:Neo-Vedanta
7731:Web sources
7578:, Routledge
7418:, Penguin,
7049:Love Divine
6998:Smarta sect
6985:Isaeva 1993
6939:Isaeva 1993
6927:Koller 2013
6880:Larson 2009
6607:Basham 1991
6568:Morris 2006
6448:Potter 1981
6339:Sharma 2000
6312:Renard 2010
6273:Sharma 2000
6261:Comans 2000
6182:Thapar 2003
6141:Thapar 2003
6008:Smarta sect
5801:, Pages 2–3
5578:, Ashgate,
5369:Nagarjuna's
5358:Nagarjuna's
5282:Vayu Purana
5091:Neo-Vedanta
5025:Vaishnavism
5017:Visvakarmas
4868:, Karnataka
4853:Kanchipuram
4845:, Karnataka
4841:at Haniya,
4799:Uttarakhand
4780:Toṭakācārya
4591:founded by
4470:Manu Smriti
4421:Mahabharata
4405:texts are:
4379:karma-kanda
4375:jnana-kanda
4228:pancayatana
4050:tradition:
3970:undergoing
3880:Vaishnavism
3861:Upanishadic
3688:and Judaism
3684:and Sikhism
3652:Iconography
3577:Nationalism
3570:Persecution
3354:Shiva Stuti
3248:Yoga Sutras
3078:Agni Purana
2980:Other texts
2971:Mahabharata
2714:Atharvaveda
2611:Vivekananda
2536:Rama Tirtha
2531:Ramakrishna
2506:Nigamananda
2496:Mahesh Yogi
2372:Sripadaraja
2362:Siddheshwar
2257:Mukundarāja
2237:Madhusūdana
2227:Kanaka Dasa
2147:Chakradhara
2091:Yajnavalkya
2081:Vishvamitra
1950:Pancharatra
1848:Vaisheshika
1804:Ratha Yatra
1752:Janmashtami
1747:Rama Navami
1664:Ritushuddhi
1639:Chudakarana
1629:Nishkramana
1599:Garbhadhana
1568:Pandav Lila
1477:Bhakti yoga
1362:Prāyaścitta
1133:Niti śastra
981:Bhakti yoga
960:Vānaprastha
775:Vishvakarma
708:Post-Vedic:
544:Vaishnavism
486:Traditional
246:Vaishnavism
122:Babburkamme
7810:Categories
7673:Gaudapada,
7364:Minor 1987
7224:Flood 1996
7163:, page 179
6595:Goyal 1984
6067:Flood 1996
5865:, Page 456
5686:Knipe 2015
5616:Flood 1996
5547:Flood 1996
5535:Knipe 2015
5462:Flood 1996
5434:References
5425:nondualism
5392:Upanishads
5372:Madhyamaka
5361:Madhyamaka
5101:Ishta-deva
5063:April 2016
4996:Brahmins,
4994:Adi Shaiva
4942:April 2016
4857:Tamil Nadu
4843:Hosanagara
4815:Nandavala
4721:Yajur Veda
4682:Bhogavala
4636:Sampradaya
4605:(lineage)
4401:The major
4313:See also:
4299:istadevata
4195:Adi Shakti
4133:Brahmanism
4074:istadevata
4044:Upanishads
4040:nondualist
3976:kshatriyas
3905:istadevata
3788:nondualist
3772:See also:
3528:Varna-less
3400:Tiruppukal
3361:Vayu Stuti
3325:Panchadasi
3318:Swara yoga
3206:Kama Sutra
3145:Dhanurveda
2805:Taittiriya
2783:Yajurveda:
2775:Kaushitaki
2752:Upanishads
2744:Upanishads
2668:Scriptures
2516:Prabhupada
2432:Vidyaranya
2317:Ram Charan
2292:Prabhākara
2207:Jayatīrtha
2157:Dadu Dayal
2152:Chāngadeva
2011:Bharadwaja
2001:Ashtavakra
1767:Kumbh Mela
1715:Durga Puja
1644:Karnavedha
1624:Nāmakaraṇa
1553:Yakshagana
1482:Karma yoga
1472:Jnana yoga
1467:Hatha yoga
1404:Meditation
1377:Tirthadana
1158:Aparigraha
1014:Paramātman
999:Liberation
991:Karma yoga
986:Jnana yoga
715:Dattatreya
515:Traditions
440:Historical
242:Brahmanism
80:Scriptures
7755:20 August
7352:Fort 1998
6436:Gaudapada
6324:Raju 1971
6295:Raju 1971
6220:Nath 2001
6201:Nath 2001
6163:Nath 2001
6122:Nath 2001
5676:, p. 218.
5635:, p. 150.
5586:, p. 186.
5405:Vaishnava
5338:Gaudapada
5294:to c. 450
5288:Harivamsa
5284:to c. 350
5122:Gaudapada
5035:Influence
5021:Karnataka
4978:Brahmanas
4772:Kitavala
4768:Sama Veda
4727:Bhūrivala
4709:Karnataka
4690:Sureśvara
4647:Padmapāda
4622:Mahāvākya
4609:Direction
4567:Badrinath
4536:Karnataka
4236:Karnataka
4199:Kartikeya
3702:Criticism
3696:and Islam
3657:Mythology
3510:Kshatriya
3442:Athichudi
3379:Tirumurai
3297:Tirumurai
2906:Vyākaraṇa
2842:Chandogya
2834:Samaveda:
2722:Divisions
2700:Yajurveda
2660:Ātmatuṣṭi
2616:Yogananda
2591:Trailanga
2586:Sivananda
2451:Aurobindo
2437:Vyasaraja
2402:Tyagaraja
2352:Sankardev
2322:Ramananda
2217:Jñāneśvar
2192:Harivansh
2177:Gaudapada
2137:Chaitanya
2076:Vashistha
2046:Patanjali
2026:Jamadagni
1945:Vaishnava
1933:Pashupata
1710:Navaratri
1687:Festivals
1654:Upanayana
1619:Jatakarma
1604:Pumsavana
1523:Kuchipudi
1518:Kathakali
1487:Rāja yoga
1421:Samādhāna
1302:Prarthana
1276:Practices
1203:Svādhyāya
807:Mythology
802:Cosmology
795:Worldview
740:Kartikeya
671:Prajapati
610:Saraswati
362:Orthodox
303:Etymology
161:tradition
130:Deshastha
110:Old Tamil
100:Languages
68:Religions
7545:(2002),
7522:(2013),
7383:(1991),
7103:Hinduism
5659:, p. 89.
5376:mayavada
5084:See also
4678:Rig Veda
4563:Sringeri
4532:Sringeri
4496:Vedangas
4418:and the
4411:Ramayana
4244:Harihara
4203:Shanmata
4137:Hinduism
3989:and the
3922:Harihara
3918:Brahmins
3884:Shaktism
3876:Shaivism
3848:pramanas
3819:darsanas
3715:Glossary
3647:Calendar
3582:Hindutva
3505:Brahmana
3176:samhitas
3168:Shastras
3138:Ayurveda
3129:Upavedas
2964:Ramayana
2955:Itihasas
2921:Jyotisha
2888:Vedangas
2872:Mandukya
2768:Aitareya
2760:Rigveda:
2739:Aranyaka
2734:Brahmana
2707:Samaveda
2422:Valluvar
2417:Vallabha
2397:Tulsidas
2327:Ramanuja
2277:Nayanars
2262:Namadeva
2099:Medieval
2041:Kashyapa
1957:Charvaka
1928:Kapalika
1792:Puthandu
1782:Vaisakhi
1679:Antyesti
1659:Keshanta
1583:Adimurai
1578:Silambam
1543:Sattriya
1528:Manipuri
1213:Mitahara
1193:Santosha
1153:Achourya
965:Sannyasa
955:Gṛhastha
814:Ontology
788:Concepts
576:Trimurti
539:Smartism
534:Shaktism
529:Shaivism
403:Hinduism
395:a series
393:Part of
316:Sanskrit
281:Brahmins
274:monistic
270:advaitin
250:Shaktism
238:Shaivism
189:Hinduism
185:Smartism
165:Sanskrit
106:Sanskrit
74:Hinduism
7795:Puranas
5502:18 June
5413:Krishna
5365:"ajāta"
5354:"ajāta"
5232:Vedanga
5106:Smarana
4959:Brahmin
4890:Dabholi
4866:Shirali
4756:Gujarat
4602:Shishya
4582:Trichur
4508:Puranas
4500:Itihasa
4492:Smritis
4449:Puranas
4416:Valmiki
4395:Brahman
4371:Brahman
4315:Shastra
4303:nirguna
4297:deity (
4240:Kashmir
4191:Ganesha
4141:Brahman
4120:ashrama
3991:smritis
3980:shudras
3953:Puranas
3910:nirguna
3892:Brahman
3868:Haituka
3853:Haituka
3720:Outline
3515:Vaishya
3483:Society
3334:Stotras
2985:Puranas
2911:Nirukta
2901:Chandas
2896:Shiksha
2879:Prashna
2865:Mundaka
2729:Samhita
2693:Rigveda
2556:Samarth
2392:Tukaram
2337:Ravidas
2071:Valmiki
2021:Jaimini
1991:Angiras
1986:Agastya
1978:Ancient
1864:Advaita
1858:Vedanta
1853:Mīmāṃsā
1833:Samkhya
1720:Ramlila
1462:Sādhanā
1352:Tarpana
1337:Kīrtana
1332:Bhajana
1283:Worship
1208:Shaucha
1183:Akrodha
1029:Saṃsāra
893:Ishvara
862:Nirguna
857:Brahman
821:Tattvas
745:Krishna
730:Hanuman
725:Ganesha
661:Chandra
656:Ashvins
620:Parvati
615:Lakshmi
602:Tridevi
568:Deities
475:Śramaṇa
455:History
436:Origins
426:History
386:History
380:Vedanta
364:Brahmin
318::
266:Nirguna
233:Shrauta
213:Ganesha
201:Advaita
193:Puranas
169:स्मार्त
56:Founder
18:Smartas
7719:
7681:
7660:
7622:
7602:
7555:
7532:
7491:
7462:
7442:
7422:
7393:
7335:
7305:
7273:
7246:
7159:
7135:
7110:
7083:
7056:
7026:
6853:
6836:
6749:
6710:
6677:
6629:
6551:
6524:
6497:
6470:
6422:
6035:
5960:
5861:
5797:
5775:smArta
5753:
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