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the early (1931) Boston to New
Hampshire (Franconia) Snow Trains, the organizers decided to have a large and well prepared First Aid Committee. Headed by Lois Perret (Schaefer), RN, and aided by expert skiers from the Schenectady Wintersports Club, as well as North Creek High School students, a course on first aid and ski related injuries was taught to several dozen recruits. The Snow Trains were delayed because of a lack of snow in 1933/1934, but sufficient snow cover was achieved late, and the first Snow Train reached North Creek March 4, 1934. The First Aid Committee swung into action, sweeping trails for skiers needing assistance. The train acted as a base camp on the siding during the day. While no injuries were treated on that first trip, the First Aid Committee (AKA Ski Patrol) continued active participation on trains reaching North Creek during the pre-war years. They were assisted by a "physician-on-call," Dr. James Glenn, a family physician and skier who practiced in North Creek. The First Aid Committee of 1933 anticipated the much needed assistance pioneered by Minnie Dole five (5) years later in conjunction with care for injured ski racers who were pushing limits of speed and technique. The first ski patrol was about helping mountainside injuries to regular ski enthusiasts—not racers.
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105:. Some ski areas also have a junior ski patrol program in which teenagers between the ages of 15 and 17 years old can participate. Most junior ski patrol programs limit the responsibilities of their members, such as preventing them from running toboggans or administering first aid without supervision. However, there are some areas with junior ski patrol programs which allow their members to operate with the same responsibilities as the rest of the patrol, after meeting the same standard in each skill category as other patrollers.
264:, after seeing Finnish soldiers on skis destroy two armored divisions. One of the few federally chartered not-for-profit organizations in the U.S., the NSP has since become the world's largest winter rescue organization. The NSP's 26,500 paid and volunteer members serve on over 600 patrols. It is important to note that in conjunction with the development of the Nation's First Volunteer Ski Patrol at Stowe, Cannon Mountain, in Franconia NH, had developed the Nation's first Professional Ski Patrol, also in 1938.
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In 1933 the
Schenectady (New York) Wintersports Club was organizing Snow Trains for local skiers to go to the Gore Mountain-Pete Gay Massif above North Creek, New York to enjoy skiing on trails cut by local sports enthusiasts as well as from Schenectady. Because of tales learned of injured skiers on
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evacuation, and, in some cases, helicopter rescue techniques are taught. Patrols work to promote ski safety, enforce area policies (where applicable), and help the injured within their jurisdiction. Ski patrollers also work to set up the mountain before it opens by conducting trail checks, providing
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While some resorts or zones specify their own uniforms, the official Alpine uniform is defined as a jacket that is "...red with the proper markings. These markings will include a white cross on the back, a white cross on both upper arms and an optional white cross on the breast." The yellow and blue
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is the international organisation representing ski patrol and associated ski safety organisations with membership from throughout the world. These patrol and safety organisations comprise full-time and volunteer ski patrollers, doctors, lawyers, engineers, technicians, ski equipment instructors, and
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The founder and
President of the Quebec area was led by James Harold Millard, a resident of Montreal and Morin Heights. Harold became National Chairman for Canada, following Dr Firth. In the early years, those who were injured were taken down the hill on a toboggan where they were then loaded onto
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The concept of FIPS can be traced back prior to 1979 when the first meeting was held in
Calgary, Canada. Although there were many ski patrols in existence at that time, there was very little communication between them. Patrollers who had the opportunity to ski in other countries noticed differences
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the train for transportation to
Montreal for medical care. Many photos of the original patrol in Quebec were turned over to the CSPS in the late 90s for their archives. The family tradition continued when both Harold's daughter-in-law and grandson were members of the CSPS in Ontario and Alberta.
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In 1940, Dr. Douglas Firth was asked by the
Canadian Amateur Ski Association (CASA) to organize and train a first aid rescue group to patrol the ski hills. The Canadian Ski Patrol System was originally a standing committee of the CASA with independent patrols in different areas. During the years
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The NSP is composed of 10 geographic divisions plus a single division for all paid patrollers. Members are recognized on the slopes by the red jackets they wear, marked by a white cross on the chest and a larger one on the back, or by the older style of blue and rust colored parkas with yellow
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FIPS exists due to the combined efforts of interested patrollers, individual ski patrols and national patrol organisations. FIPS seeks to improve the effectiveness of ski patrolling and, in turn, benefit the snow sports public. Over the years FIPS has initiated a number of specific projects of
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FIPS was created as the world forum for ski patrollers to meet, exchange ideas and compare the latest in patrol techniques on a regular basis. FIPS is supported by national patrol organisations to provide the necessary input and to offer potential solutions to patrolling issues. To enable this
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Member countries of FIPS are
Australia, Argentina, Canada, Chile, Finland, France, Italy, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Romania, Russia, Scotland (UK), Serbia, Sweden, Switzerland, USA. In addition, there are a number of Associate Members who are non-national organisations.
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and some commonality in procedures and standards relative to their own. In addition, accident prevention programmes were being implemented in some countries but not in others. A number of countries did not have a national ski patrol organisation.
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between 1941 and 1948, the war restricted expansion, but the
Toronto and Montreal Patrols united to form the nucleus of a national organization. During the next five years, the System expanded in Ontario, Quebec and the Vancouver area.
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Serendipity in
Science: Twenty Years at Langmuir University an Autobiography by Vincent J. Schaefer, ScD Compiled and Edited by Don Rittner Circle Square Press, Voorheesville, NY 2013 Chapter 11 The Adirondack Snow Trains pg
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skiers. Many patrols also have non-skiing positions whereby patrollers no longer able to ski or individuals lacking sufficient skiing or toboggan handling skills can still provide emergency care in a
53:(USA), that are specific to the winter-season environment and providing emergency medical services in remote locations. Many patrollers also hold EMS issued credentials, such as
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The CSP is composed of nine geographic divisions, each further divided into zones. The largest zone is
Central Zone, within Ontario Division, with 575 patrollers as of 2017.
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avalanche control work, and setting up necessary equipment in preparation for the day. At the end of the day, they also conduct a sweep clearing the mountain for off-hours.
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Over the course of its history, the NSP has helped to develop similar patrol organizations in Canada, New Zealand, Australia, Argentina, Chile, Israel, Turkey and Korea.
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Patroller- work on alpine skis, snowboards, Nordic skis and bikes. Receive medical training which allows them to work in first aid rooms and to transport patients.
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and had trouble evacuating himself from the slope. He created the Mount Mansfield Ski Patrol for the National Downhill and Slalom Championship at Mt. Mansfield.
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Documentation of member country's training, qualification and recognition together with comparison of the training modules
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There are also levels of personal achievement given to a Ski Patroller who goes beyond the call of duty is awarded the
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ski area managers, who are involved in the multi-disciplinary activities of ski patrolling and safety.
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Evaluation of relevant technology and its impact on ski patrol rescue, and safety of the skiing public
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National Ski Patrol has an ongoing education system which includes OEC refreshers, and OEC classes.
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certification. Due to the remote location and terrain, transportation is often limited to
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collaboration FIPS holds a congress every two years in a location of a member nation.
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530:"FIPS National Members – Fédération Internationale des Patrouilles de Ski"
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550:"Ski Patrol Training – Fédération Internationale des Patrouilles de Ski"
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Consideration of a standard Skiers Responsibility Code (safety rules)
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uniform was retired in 2016, and will be fully phased out by 2020.
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By 2004, the Canadian Ski Patrol had 5,000 members across Canada.
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settings. Many have technical-medical certifications, such as
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Investigation of injuries to ski patrollers while on patrol
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Contrary to the name's implications, ski patrollers can be
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in USA was founded in 1938 by the NSP's first chairman,
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Fédération internationale des patrouilles de ski (FIPS)
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The Certified Program includes six modules, such as:
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110:Fédération internationale des patrouilles de ski
608:"National Ski Patrol - Timber Ridge Ski Patrol"
16:Services for the injured in ski area boundaries
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276:The levels of the National Ski Patrol are
371:is the patrol governing body for Canada.
217:Learn how and when to remove this message
140:Issues of legal aspects of ski patrolling
568:International Ski Heritage Journal 2009.
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189:Relevant discussion may be found on the
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656:. 2015. pp. 6–2.
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331:Skiing/ Snowboarding
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19:For other uses, see
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43:backcountry
35:Ski patrols
673:Categories
639:2019-06-18
555:2021-11-09
535:2021-11-09
515:2021-11-09
495:2021-11-09
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457:nspadmin.
420:References
67:snowmobile
404:Lifeguard
289:Certified
268:crosses.
191:talk page
79:chairlift
592:March 9,
393:See also
207:May 2011
99:telemark
39:medical
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286:Senior
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