191:
36:
155:
44:
323:) were built, still sunk in pits. In the next step, the neolithic builders understood how to lay the foundation of the three or more supporting stones (which in simple dolmens were always placed on their longest sides) in such a way that their base of the structure could be closer to the surface of the ground. This higher positioning allowed a passage to be added that led into the chamber at ground level (below right). Now, however, a
20:
28:
274:
300:, (only 1.8 metres long x 0.5 metres wide) is, in this respect, an exception. Of the 20 simple dolmens in Schleswig-Holstein, 12 are sealed on all sides, five are classified as open at the end and the design of three (destroyed) simple dolmens cannot be determined. Of about 88 simple dolmens once found in
330:
The effort was made to reduce the size of the slab covering the opening of the re-usable simple dolmen to one that could be manhandled by the settlement community. The simple dolmen with a passage evolved into the "extended dolmens", which are generally longer, usually have more than one capstone and
198:
You can follow the evolution of simple dolmens, which for the early builders was a learning process, and how, step by step, they met the demands placed on them at the time by producing ever more mature (and larger) solutions. This also applies to the development of simple dolmens into extended
186:
fulfil his conditions, is still open to question. Also in Sicily, in recent years, are being found small dolmen monuments, because around the end of the 3rd millennium BC, the west coast of the
Mediterranean island was caught up in a cultural wave (bringing the bell-shaped goblet) coming the
281:
This development path was abandoned in favour of options using other axes of entry. The simple dolmen was now buried less deeply and the upper half of one of the ends was used as access. This form can be found e.g. in the
223:, enclosed on all sides and dug into the ground. It has no entrance and is, once closed, difficult for the technically less skilled user to open and re-utilise. It was therefore only intended for a one-time use.
146:). In simple dolmens the sidestones consist of rubble, in stone cists of slabs. Whether this was of relevance for neolithic people, remains questionable, because there are also combinations of both materials.
413:
This detailed classification of dolmens into subtypes is only common in
Germany. In the Netherlands and Poland these types do not occur. In Denmark and Sweden a distinction is only made between dolmens
346:
lies within a 168-metre-long enclosure, the second longest in
Denmark (after the Kardybdysse, 185 m). By comparison, the longest German enclosure measures 160 metres. In Poland, the length of one
293:
The always parallel-sided open simple dolmens are 2.2 to 2.6 metres long and 1.0 to 1.8 metres wide and slightly larger than the closed examples. For
Schleswig-Holstein, the small chamber at
283:
404:: Die Nekropole von Wollschow Kreis Pasewalk und das Problem der neolithischen Steinkisten in Mecklenburg In: Jahrbuch der Bodendenkmalpflege in Mecklenburg 1974 (1975) pp. 77–144
267:
312:
266:. In examples that were still dug into the ground the entrance was (in Denmark and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) initially made through the roof - as, for example, at
320:
270:. By dividing the ceiling into a large stone and a stone that could be lifted by hand, access from above was enabled. This variant, however, is not very widespread.
118:
Neolithic monuments are an expression of the culture and ideology of neolithic communities. Their emergence and function serve as indicators of social development.
242:). In Ulstrup near Gundeslevholm two of the three simple dolmens form a pair next to one another in the enclosure. The block cist in the Tykskov of Varnæs near
175:
171:
2468:
1107:
2865:
2606:
2202:
956:
342:
Simple dolmens once lay within stone enclosures or under circular mounds, but many of these have been removed. The simple dolmen at
Lindeskov on
809:
2821:
2330:
238:). But there is usually only one simple dolmen within an enclosure, lying parallel to the longitudinal axis, the so-called parallel type (
2653:
2104:
1024:
559:
142:
occur together. The differences consist in the degree to which they are embedded and in the material used for the sidestones (
497:
339:
county - have orthostats that stand on one of their two smallest faces, thus allowing the roof of the chamber to be higher.
1100:
2231:
1137:
527:
512:
478:
719:
2438:
2325:
789:
2850:
2241:
1279:
1093:
95:(TBK) and around 3,500 BC they appeared across almost the entire region covered by the stone cult structures of
679:
552:
2962:
2463:
1993:
1253:
1055:
1321:
327:
was required that separated the chamber and the profane or secular passage (symbolically) from one another.
2458:
1998:
1471:
96:
1147:
1424:
2726:
2527:
418:) and passage graves. In Denmark the type of mound is used to distinguish dolmens in the nomenclature (
689:
2532:
2347:
764:
610:
545:
2721:
1813:
1358:
1060:
709:
350:
is 130 metres. In the
Netherlands, researchers have only come across one site within an enclosure.
1885:
1880:
2838:
2748:
1920:
1687:
1506:
1439:
1171:
996:
347:
537:
91:. The simple dolmen emerged in the early days of the development of megalithic monuments of the
23:
The development of the block cist (above left) into the simple dolmen with passage (below right)
2926:
2800:
2406:
2297:
2285:
1981:
1722:
1561:
1198:
1132:
1116:
1006:
626:
615:
301:
88:
838:
2665:
2601:
2475:
2168:
2094:
1868:
1863:
1801:
1740:
1677:
1625:
1618:
1164:
863:
592:
35:
2050:
1019:
190:
2931:
2882:
2877:
2860:
2855:
2833:
2623:
2337:
2190:
2082:
1986:
1779:
1464:
1263:
1206:
1065:
1029:
886:
699:
126:
In many cases there is no clear distinction between simple dolmens and stone cists. In the
92:
1434:
654:
8:
2921:
2586:
2391:
2224:
1757:
1630:
1511:
1486:
931:
804:
769:
605:
815:
759:
714:
674:
664:
174:) (1.7 x 0.6 m) is even less in the north. This small size led researchers such as
2872:
2775:
2677:
2490:
1672:
1402:
1368:
951:
820:
669:
308:
231:
200:
853:
694:
2914:
2904:
2894:
2843:
2500:
2418:
1712:
1697:
1682:
1662:
1553:
1532:
1343:
1186:
1076:
523:
508:
493:
474:
290:. This process shows the discovery of the stability of a three-point support system.
779:
2967:
2909:
2816:
2559:
2342:
2142:
2062:
2018:
1818:
1640:
1491:
1451:
1050:
946:
858:
739:
724:
568:
204:
76:
2401:
2357:
848:
75:
that occurs especially in
Northern Europe. The term was defined by archaeologist,
2790:
2760:
2522:
2450:
2428:
2386:
2281:
2251:
2116:
2111:
1762:
1645:
1216:
911:
784:
744:
600:
324:
263:
262:
Initial progress - in terms of multiple use - was achieved by the creation of an
183:
72:
56:
825:
448:
Staatliches Museum für
Naturkunde und Vorgeschichte Oldenburg J. A. Artymowski:
2899:
2826:
2648:
2613:
2544:
2433:
2305:
2013:
1598:
1588:
1409:
1390:
734:
729:
684:
649:
639:
794:
584:
2956:
2770:
2716:
2694:
2591:
2579:
2495:
2364:
2246:
2207:
2195:
2183:
1895:
1806:
1735:
1476:
1419:
1397:
1306:
1238:
1233:
1211:
991:
986:
971:
941:
843:
833:
799:
754:
749:
704:
659:
644:
634:
401:
316:
247:
80:
1326:
297:
2704:
2660:
2641:
2596:
2396:
2320:
2077:
2072:
2028:
1655:
1537:
1501:
1481:
1333:
1311:
1223:
1014:
976:
961:
906:
774:
573:
359:
208:
170:, where the ratio of length-to-breadth of the southern half of the island (
104:
2753:
2743:
2733:
2689:
2684:
2636:
2574:
2537:
2510:
2411:
2381:
2256:
2178:
2099:
2087:
1848:
1833:
1823:
1794:
1752:
1667:
1635:
1583:
1516:
1353:
1228:
1085:
1034:
921:
881:
336:
251:
187:
Sardinian coast, which in turn had imported from the peninsula
Iberica.
108:
100:
2887:
2780:
2738:
2554:
2517:
2480:
2376:
1963:
1875:
1702:
1603:
1576:
1496:
1294:
1248:
1159:
1127:
294:
220:
139:
127:
154:
131:
43:
2795:
2564:
2549:
2147:
2132:
2057:
2040:
1958:
1843:
1784:
1774:
1769:
1692:
1571:
1459:
1385:
1152:
1142:
981:
332:
287:
143:
135:
121:
2569:
2505:
2352:
2310:
2045:
1953:
1828:
1650:
1613:
1593:
926:
243:
179:
84:
2631:
2423:
2369:
2315:
2137:
1943:
1853:
1707:
1608:
1566:
1429:
1348:
1301:
1289:
567:
362: – Shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff
286:. The weight of the single stone was still divided amongst three
254:
about 20% of the simple dolmens are covered by a circular mound.
167:
163:
39:
Simple dolmen in the
Dammerstorf Forest (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)
2699:
2236:
2214:
2067:
2003:
1948:
1338:
1316:
1284:
1258:
936:
901:
896:
112:
68:
2765:
2485:
2219:
2173:
2035:
1890:
1838:
1414:
1380:
916:
2711:
2672:
2152:
2008:
1938:
1858:
1730:
1243:
891:
505:
Die alten Steine. Reisen zur Megalithkultur in Mitteleuropa
227:
19:
520:
Das Megalithsyndrom. Europäische Kultplätze der Steinzeit.
273:
27:
2023:
1789:
1747:
343:
277:
Breakdown of the 18 simple dolmens researched by Schuldt
234:, two simple dolmens were found in a common enclosure (
219:
The prototype of the simple dolmen is the so-called
483:
Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Nordwestdeutschland
178:, to refuse to give simple dolmens the status of a
250:lie diagonally within the enclosure. North of the
122:Distinction between simple dolmens and stone cists
532:Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas
490:Ancient Stones. The Prehistoric Dolmens of Sicily
473:. 3rd revised edition. Isensee, Oldenburg, 2000,
2954:
492:. Brazen Head Publishing, Thornham (UK), 2013,
182:site. Whether, however, the equally very small
1101:
553:
392:J. Müller In: Varia neolithica VI 2009 p. 15
111:nor east of the River Oder and only once in
1115:
1108:
1094:
560:
546:
31:Parallel and transversely-oriented dolmens
522:Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach, 2003,
162:The smallest simple dolmens occur on the
272:
189:
153:
42:
34:
26:
18:
331:- apart from the transitional types at
16:Early form of dolmen or megalithic tomb
2955:
471:Großsteingräber zwischen Weser und Ems
2279:
1918:
1184:
1089:
541:
83:in publicising his excavation of 106
2280:
315:in the municipality of Wangels) and
87:sites in the north German state of
13:
284:stone enclosures of Grundoldendorf
14:
2979:
2232:Megalithic architectural elements
1077:↓ Bronze Age Europe ↓
585:↑ Mesolithic Europe ↑
450:Zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte Polens
63:, literally "ancient dolmen") or
1919:
246:and the one in the Nørreskov on
2851:Evolutionary origin of religion
47:Simple dolmen near Grevesmühlen
442:
429:
407:
395:
386:
373:
304:there are still 51 survivors.
214:
1:
2464:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
1994:British megalith architecture
1056:Secondary products revolution
463:
366:
203:), to its round variant, the
194:Cava dei Servi dolmen, Sicily
158:Monte Bubbonia dolmen, Sicily
2459:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
1999:Nordic megalith architecture
507:. Hinstorff, Rostock, 1998,
149:
97:Nordic megalith architecture
7:
353:
138:region, simple dolmens and
10:
2984:
2607:British Isles and Brittany
2528:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
2809:
2622:
2449:
2296:
2292:
2275:
2161:
2125:
1974:
1931:
1927:
1914:
1721:
1552:
1525:
1450:
1376:
1367:
1272:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1180:
1123:
1074:
1043:
1005:
872:
625:
611:First Temperate Neolithic
591:
582:
439:, op. cit., pp. 4 and 32.
383:, University of Michigan.
257:
307:Subsequently, the first
2839:Evolutionary musicology
2242:Oldest extant buildings
2169:Archaeological features
1688:Prepared-core technique
997:Unchambered long barrow
2801:Unchambered long cairn
2649:Mound Builders culture
1982:Neolithic architecture
1117:Prehistoric technology
616:Linear Pottery culture
302:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
278:
195:
159:
89:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
60:
48:
40:
32:
24:
2476:List of Stone Age art
1678:Microblade technology
1626:Langdale axe industry
1224:Ard / plough
518:Jürgen E. Walkowitz:
348:chamberless enclosure
276:
199:dolmens (also called
193:
157:
46:
38:
30:
22:
2963:Funnelbeaker culture
2883:Prehistoric medicine
2878:Prehistoric counting
2861:Prehistoric religion
2856:Paleolithic religion
2834:Behavioral modernity
2191:Causewayed enclosure
2083:Abri de la Madeleine
1207:Neolithic Revolution
1066:Proto-Indo-Europeans
1030:Neolithic long house
887:Causewayed enclosure
454:Altertümer aus Polen
381:The Dutch Hunebedden
93:Funnelbeaker culture
67:is an early form of
2922:Prehistoric warfare
1668:Magdalenian culture
1631:Levallois technique
1562:Earliest toolmaking
932:Megalithic entrance
810:Starčevo–Körös–Criș
606:Corded Ware culture
488:Salvatore Piccolo:
435:Salvatore Piccolo,
379:Bakker, JA (1992).
309:rectangular dolmens
201:rectangular dolmens
134:-Wollschow, in the
2873:Origin of language
2866:Spiritual drug use
2776:Rectangular dolmen
2678:Dartmoor kistvaens
2491:Carved stone balls
2203:Circular enclosure
2162:Other architecture
2105:Alp pile dwellings
1693:Solutrean industry
1604:Gravettian culture
1254:Secondary products
952:Rectangular dolmen
720:Gumelnița–Karanovo
680:Cucuteni–Trypillia
279:
232:Schleswig-Holstein
196:
160:
79:, and utilised by
49:
41:
33:
25:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2942:
2941:
2895:Prehistoric music
2844:music archaeology
2501:Cup and ring mark
2326:Clothing/textiles
2271:
2270:
2267:
2266:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1713:Yubetsu technique
1698:Striking platform
1663:Lithic technology
1548:
1547:
1533:Game drive system
1452:Projectile points
1344:Mortar and pestle
1083:
1082:
1020:Lithic industries
577:
503:Michael Schmidt:
498:978-0-9565106-2-4
226:On the island of
176:Hans-Jürgen Beier
172:Dolmen of Jyderup
115:(Lejeby Laholm).
99:, but not in the
2975:
2910:Divje Babe flute
2817:Archaeoastronomy
2560:Petrosomatoglyph
2294:
2293:
2277:
2276:
2126:Water management
1929:
1928:
1916:
1915:
1819:Denticulate tool
1641:Lithic reduction
1374:
1373:
1195:
1194:
1182:
1181:
1110:
1103:
1096:
1087:
1086:
1051:Danubian culture
947:Polygonal dolmen
790:Seine–Oise–Marne
710:Globular Amphora
571:
569:Neolithic Europe
562:
555:
548:
539:
538:
457:
446:
440:
433:
427:
411:
405:
399:
393:
390:
384:
377:
205:polygonal dolmen
184:megalithic tombs
77:Ernst Sprockhoff
2983:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2953:
2952:
2951:
2938:
2805:
2791:Stone box grave
2761:Megalithic tomb
2666:Cotswold-Severn
2618:
2523:Guardian stones
2451:Prehistoric art
2445:
2288:
2263:
2252:Timber trackway
2157:
2121:
2117:Wattle and daub
1970:
1949:Standing stones
1923:
1902:
1717:
1544:
1521:
1446:
1363:
1273:Food processing
1268:
1217:New World crops
1189:
1176:
1119:
1114:
1084:
1079:
1070:
1039:
1001:
912:Guardian stones
874:
868:
830:
690:Decea Mureşului
621:
601:Cardium pottery
587:
578:
572:(including the
566:
466:
461:
460:
447:
443:
434:
430:
412:
408:
400:
396:
391:
387:
378:
374:
369:
356:
325:threshold stone
260:
217:
152:
124:
73:megalithic tomb
65:primeval dolmen
17:
12:
11:
5:
2981:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2924:
2919:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2900:Alligator drum
2892:
2891:
2890:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2836:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2827:lunar calendar
2824:
2813:
2811:
2810:Other cultural
2807:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2751:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2714:
2709:
2708:
2707:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
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2670:
2669:
2668:
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2657:
2656:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2639:
2628:
2626:
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2614:Venus figurine
2611:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2545:Megalithic art
2542:
2541:
2540:
2535:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2513:
2503:
2498:
2496:Cave paintings
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2461:
2455:
2453:
2447:
2446:
2444:
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2436:
2426:
2421:
2416:
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2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
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2389:
2379:
2374:
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2372:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2355:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2302:
2300:
2298:Material goods
2290:
2289:
2273:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2217:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2200:
2199:
2198:
2188:
2187:
2186:
2176:
2171:
2165:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2097:
2092:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2021:
2016:
2014:Cliff dwelling
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1968:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1925:
1924:
1912:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1900:
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1898:
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1878:
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1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
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1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1799:
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1797:
1792:
1782:
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1745:
1744:
1743:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1719:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1622:
1621:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1599:Fire hardening
1596:
1591:
1589:Clovis culture
1586:
1581:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1558:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1512:Manis Mastodon
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1456:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1443:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1412:
1407:
1406:
1405:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1391:throwing stick
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1298:
1297:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1203:
1201:
1191:
1190:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1157:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1090:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1011:
1009:
1003:
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
878:
876:
870:
869:
867:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
829:
828:
823:
818:
812:
807:
802:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
631:
629:
623:
622:
620:
619:
613:
608:
603:
597:
595:
589:
588:
583:
580:
579:
565:
564:
557:
550:
542:
536:
535:
516:
501:
486:
485:. Beiheft 33).
469:Mamoun Fansa:
465:
462:
459:
458:
441:
437:Ancient Stones
428:
406:
394:
385:
371:
370:
368:
365:
364:
363:
355:
352:
317:passage graves
259:
256:
240:Parallellieger
216:
213:
151:
148:
123:
120:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2980:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2786:Simple dolmen
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2771:Passage grave
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2717:Gallery grave
2715:
2713:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2662:
2659:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2632:Burial mounds
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2592:Statue menhir
2590:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2580:Stone carving
2578:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:Sewing needle
2417:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2371:
2368:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2247:Timber circle
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2196:Tor enclosure
2194:
2193:
2192:
2189:
2185:
2184:fulacht fiadh
2182:
2181:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2030:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1917:
1913:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1800:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1726:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1643:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1441:
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1420:spear-thrower
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1398:Bow and arrow
1396:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1307:Grinding slab
1305:
1303:
1300:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1239:Domestication
1237:
1235:
1234:Digging stick
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:Founder crops
1210:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1154:
1153:New Stone Age
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1099:
1097:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1004:
998:
995:
993:
992:Tor enclosure
990:
988:
987:Timber circle
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
972:Statue menhir
970:
968:
967:Simple dolmen
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
942:Passage grave
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
879:
877:
871:
865:
864:Windmill Hill
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
813:
811:
808:
806:
803:
801:
798:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
765:Pit–Comb Ware
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
630:
628:
624:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
598:
596:
594:
590:
586:
581:
575:
570:
563:
558:
556:
551:
549:
544:
543:
540:
533:
529:
528:3-930036-70-3
525:
521:
517:
514:
513:3-356-00796-3
510:
506:
502:
499:
495:
491:
487:
484:
480:
479:3-89598-741-7
476:
472:
468:
467:
455:
451:
445:
438:
432:
425:
421:
417:
410:
403:
402:Ewald Schuldt
398:
389:
382:
376:
372:
361:
358:
357:
351:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
305:
303:
299:
296:
291:
289:
285:
275:
271:
269:
265:
255:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
224:
222:
212:
210:
209:great dolmens
207:, and to the
206:
202:
192:
188:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
156:
147:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
119:
116:
114:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
81:Ewald Schuldt
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
53:simple dolmen
45:
37:
29:
21:
2785:
2727:wedge-shaped
2712:Funeral pyre
2705:Great dolmen
2661:Chamber tomb
2642:Round barrow
2597:Stone circle
2469:Blombos Cave
2397:Grooved ware
2321:Chalcolithic
2225:Thornborough
2143:Flush toilet
2078:Blombos Cave
2073:Rock shelter
2029:Quiggly hole
1921:Architecture
1896:illustration
1538:Buffalo jump
1359:Storage pits
1322:Aşıklı Höyük
1312:Ground stone
1148:Subdivisions
1015:Grooved ware
977:Stone circle
966:
962:Round barrow
907:Great dolmen
875:architecture
700:Funnelbeaker
574:Chalcolithic
531:
519:
504:
489:
482:
470:
453:
449:
444:
436:
431:
423:
419:
415:
409:
397:
388:
380:
375:
360:Rock shelter
341:
329:
306:
292:
280:
261:
239:
235:
225:
218:
197:
161:
125:
117:
107:west of the
105:Lower Saxony
64:
52:
50:
2749:unchambered
2744:Long barrow
2734:Grave goods
2690:Court cairn
2685:Clava cairn
2637:Bowl barrow
2575:Rock cupule
2518:Golden hats
2511:Hill figure
2412:Unstan ware
2392:Cord-marked
2257:Sweet Track
2179:Burnt mound
2100:Stilt house
2088:Sibudu Cave
1881:Tally stick
1849:Quern-stone
1834:Hammerstone
1824:Fire plough
1795:Pesse canoe
1753:Bannerstone
1723:Other tools
1636:Lithic core
1584:Aurignacian
1472:Bare Island
1354:Quern-stone
1035:Unstan ware
922:Long barrow
882:Bank barrow
839:Tiszapolgár
805:Sredny Stog
770:Pitted Ware
416:Dysse, Döse
337:Bad Doberan
298:Plön county
252:River Eider
215:Block cists
140:stone cists
109:River Weser
101:Netherlands
2957:Categories
2888:trepanning
2781:Ring cairn
2739:Jar burial
2722:transepted
2654:U.S. sites
2555:Petroglyph
2481:Bird stone
2439:wine press
2112:Stone roof
2095:Roundhouse
1987:long house
1964:Stonehenge
1932:Ceremonial
1876:Stone tool
1703:Tool stone
1673:Metallurgy
1577:Mousterian
1554:Toolmaking
1492:Cumberland
1465:Transverse
1435:Schöningen
1327:Qesem cave
1295:Earth oven
1249:Irrigation
1160:Technology
1128:Prehistory
1061:Old Europe
1025:Metallurgy
1007:Technology
873:Monumental
670:Cortaillod
464:Literature
367:References
295:Dobersdorf
288:orthostats
268:Barkvieren
221:block cist
180:megalithic
166:island of
144:orthostats
128:necropolis
85:megalithic
2932:symbolism
2796:Tor cairn
2754:Grønsalen
2695:Cremation
2587:Sculpture
2565:Pictogram
2550:Petroform
2370:amber use
2338:Cosmetics
2148:Reservoir
2133:Check dam
2063:Pueblitos
2058:Pit-house
2041:Longhouse
1975:Dwellings
1844:Microlith
1775:Bow drill
1770:Bone tool
1763:prismatic
1572:Acheulean
1487:Cresswell
1460:Arrowhead
1386:Boomerang
1302:Granaries
1264:Terracing
1143:Stone Age
982:Stone row
655:Cernavodă
424:Langdysse
420:Runddysse
333:Neu Gaarz
313:Grammdorf
236:Hünenbett
150:Evolution
136:Uckermark
2570:Rock art
2533:painting
2506:Geoglyph
2331:timeline
2311:Beadwork
2051:Mehrgarh
2046:Mudbrick
1954:megalith
1829:Fire-saw
1651:debitage
1646:analysis
1614:Hand axe
1594:Cupstone
1172:Glossary
1133:Timeline
1044:Concepts
927:Megalith
859:Wartberg
816:Starčevo
760:Petrești
740:Karanovo
725:Hamangia
715:Gornești
675:Coțofeni
665:Chasséen
627:Cultures
593:Horizons
354:See also
264:entrance
244:Aabenraa
61:Urdolmen
2968:Dolmens
2927:Symbols
2538:pigment
2424:Weaving
2387:Cardium
2382:Pottery
2377:Mirrors
2365:Jewelry
2306:Baskets
2286:culture
2138:Cistern
1944:Pyramid
1886:Weapons
1864:Scraper
1854:Racloir
1814:Cleaver
1802:Chopper
1708:Uniface
1619:Grooves
1609:Hafting
1567:Oldowan
1526:Systems
1477:Cascade
1440:woomera
1430:harpoon
1403:history
1369:Hunting
1349:Pottery
1290:Cooking
1199:Farming
1165:history
1138:Outline
854:Vučedol
785:Rzucewo
745:Lengyel
695:Dudești
321:Deinste
168:Zealand
132:Brüssow
2905:flutes
2700:Dolmen
2624:Burial
2434:winery
2407:Linear
2237:Midden
2215:Cursus
2208:Goseck
2068:Pueblo
2019:Dugout
2004:Burdei
1683:Mining
1507:Lamoka
1502:Folsom
1482:Clovis
1339:Metate
1317:Hearth
1285:Basket
1259:Sickle
957:Rondel
937:Menhir
902:Dolmen
897:Cursus
795:Sesklo
780:Rössen
735:Kakanj
730:Horgen
685:Danilo
650:Butmir
640:Beaker
534:. 36).
526:
511:
496:
477:
258:Access
164:Danish
113:Sweden
69:dolmen
57:German
2822:sites
2766:Mummy
2486:Cairn
2402:Jōmon
2353:shoes
2348:Hides
2220:Henge
2174:Broch
2036:Jacal
1891:Wheel
1839:Knife
1785:Canoe
1780:Burin
1758:Blade
1656:flake
1517:Plano
1425:baton
1415:Spear
1381:Arrow
1334:Manos
1187:Tools
917:Henge
849:Vinča
844:Varna
834:Tisza
821:Körös
800:Sopot
755:Neman
750:Narva
705:Gaudo
660:Cerny
645:Boian
635:Baden
618:(LBK)
456:p. 11
248:Alsen
103:, in
2915:gudi
2673:Cist
2602:list
2429:Wine
2358:Ötzi
2343:Glue
2316:Beds
2284:and
2282:Arts
2153:Well
2009:Cave
1939:Kiva
1869:side
1859:Rope
1807:tool
1741:bone
1731:Adze
1497:Eden
1410:Nets
1280:Fire
1244:Goad
1229:Celt
892:Cist
826:Criş
775:Pfyn
524:ISBN
509:ISBN
494:ISBN
475:ISBN
452:In:
422:and
228:Sylt
51:The
2024:Hut
1959:row
1790:Oar
1748:Axe
1736:Awl
344:Fyn
230:in
130:of
71:or
2959::
335:,
211:.
59::
1109:e
1102:t
1095:v
576:)
561:e
554:t
547:v
530:(
515:.
500:.
481:(
426:)
414:(
319:(
311:(
55:(
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