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Silesian language

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Jolanta Tambor. Opinia merytoryczna na temat poselskiego projektu ustawy o zmianie Ustawy o mniejszościach narodowych i etnicznych oraz o języku regionalnym, a także niektórych innych ustaw, Warszawa 3 maja 2011 r. (English: Substantive opinion on the parliamentary bill amending the Act on national
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Najstarsze dokumenty będące świadectwem wyodrębniania się dialektów śląskich w oddzielną grupę pochodzą z XVI w. Należą do nich m. in. list Ambrożego Szklorza z Olesna opublikowany przez Władysława Nehringa (Nehring 1902 ) i rachunek ślusarza Matysa Hady opublikowany przez Leona Derlicha i Andrzeja
2942:, a conference took place on the status of the Silesian language. This conference was a forum for politicians, linguists, representatives of interested organizations and persons who deal with the Silesian language. The conference was titled "Silesian – Still a Dialect or Already a Language?" ( 359: 985:, a variety of Czech. The issue can be contentious, because some Silesians consider themselves to be a distinct nationality within Poland. When Czechs, Poles, and Germans each made claims to substantial parts of Silesia as constituting an integral part of their respective 1008:
which he called the "Lachian language". Silesian inhabitants supporting the cause of each of these ethnic groups had their own robust network of supporters across Silesia's political borders which shifted over the course of the 20th century prior to the large-scale
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In their respective surveys of Slavic languages, most linguists writing in English, such as Alexander M. Schenker, Robert A. Rothstein, and Roland Sussex and Paul Cubberley list Silesian as a dialect of Polish, as does
529:; Upper Silesia has almost five million inhabitants, with the vast majority in the Polish part speaking Polish and Czech in the Czech part and declaring themselves to be Poles in the former and Czechs in the latter. 2217:. It is therefore the alphabet that contains the fewest letters. Although it is the most phonetically logical, it did not become popular with Silesian organizations, with the argument that it contains too many 358: 1033:, support its status as a language. According to Stanisław Rospond, it is impossible to classify Silesian as a dialect of the contemporary Polish language because he considers it to be descended from 7193: 2758: 4494:
Gerd Hentschel: Das Schlesische – eine neue (oder auch nicht neue) slavische Sprache?, Mitteleuropa – Osteuropa. Oldenburger Beiträge zur Kultur und Geschichte Ostmitteleuropas. Band 2, 2001
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registered the Silesian language in Annex 1 to the Regulation on the state register of geographical names; however, in a November 2013 amendment to the regulation, Silesian is not included.
498:. The German-speaking population was either evacuated en masse by German forces towards the end of the war or deported by the new administration upon the Polish annexation of the Silesian 7461: 6591: 3459:
Tomasz Kamusella. 1998. Das oberschlesische Kreol: Sprache und Nationalismus in Oberschlesien im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert (pp 142–161). In: Markus Krzoska und Peter Tokarski, eds. .
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Siuduta (Derlich, Siudut 1957). Są to jednak zabytki piśmiennictwa, a nie literatury – początków tej drugiej można się doszukiwać na Śląsku w najlepszym razie dopiero w wieku XVII.
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There have been a number of attempts at codifying the language spoken by Slavophones in Silesia. Probably the most well-known was undertaken by Óndra Łysohorsky when codifying the
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Tomasz Kamusella. 2011. Silesian in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: A Language Caught in the Net of Conflicting Nationalisms, Politics, and Identities (pp 769–789). 2011.
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Cuius Regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia (c. 1000–2000) vol. 1., The Long Formation of the Region Silesia (c. 1000–1526)
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Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia (c. 1000–2000) vol. 2., The Strengthening of Silesian Regionalism (1526–1740)
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Although the morphological differences between Silesian and Polish have been researched extensively, other grammatical differences have not been studied in depth.
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Cuius regio? Ideological and Territorial Cohesion of the Historical Region of Silesia (c. 1000–2000) vol. 4., Region Divided: Times of Nation-States (1918–1945)
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Katarzyna Pachelska. 2024. Milowy krok dla promocji języka śląskiego!? Tłumacz Google włączył go do swoich języków. Nie jest idealnie, głównie - śmiesznie.
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Tomasz Kamusella. 2009. Échanges de paroles ou de coups en Haute-Silésie: la langue comme 'lieu' de contacts et de luttes interculturels (pp 133–152).
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Lingvokul’turnoe prostranstvo sovremennoi Evropy cherez prizmu malykh i bolshikh iazykov. K 70-letiiu professora Aleksandra Dimitrievicha Dulichenko
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Tomasz Kamusella. 2009. Codzienność komunikacyjno-językowa na obszarze historycznego Górnego Śląska (pp 126–156). In: Robert Traba, ed.
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Tomasz Kamusella. 2013. The Silesian Language in the Early 21st Century: A Speech Community on the Rollercoaster of Politics (pp 1–35).
5500: 3013:, East Central German dialect spoken in the former village of Hałcnów, which is now a district of Bielsko-Biała, Silesian Voivodeship 432:. Internationally, Silesian has been fully recognized as a language since 2007, when it was accorded the ISO 639-3 registration code 416:, especially after all of Upper Silesia was included within the Polish borders, following World War II. Some regard it as one of the 4993: 4336:
Silesia, a rich diversity – of cultures, nations and religions. Local history, based on selected counties, cities and municipalities
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and Tomasz Kamusella. 2011. Sztandaryzacyjo ślōnski godki / Standaryzacja języka śląskiego (pp 288–294). In: I V Abisigomian, ed.
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Tomasz Kamusella and Motoki Nomachi. 2014. The Long Shadow of Borders: The Cases of Kashubian and Silesian in Poland (pp 35–60).
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TV and radio stations (for example: TV Silesia, Sfera TV, TVP Katowice, Slonsky Radio, Radio Piekary, Radio Silesia, Radio Fest);
4365:. United States. Immigration Commission (1907–1910). Washington, D.C.: Washington, Government Printing Office. pp. 104–105. 6341: 2763: 2674: 2060: 7772: 7502: 4901: 4650: 3447:. 2003. Niech żyje śląski lud (pp 219–223). Sprawy Narodowościowe. No 22. Poznań, Poland: Zakład Badań Narodowościowych PAN. 3288: 3273: 3118: 3102: 3086: 1183: 510:
speakers also knew German and, at least in eastern Upper Silesia, many German speakers were acquainted with Slavic Silesian.
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Tomasz Kamusella. 2009. Czy śląszczyzna jest językiem? Spojrzenie socjolingwistyczne (pp 27–35). In: Andrzej Roczniok, ed.
525:, the figure was about 510,000. In the censuses in Poland, the Czech Republic, and Slovakia, nearly 900,000 people declared 5398: 5115: 3392: 4377: 471:. At present Silesian is commonly spoken in the area between the historical border of Silesia on the east and a line from 424:, while others classify it as a separate regional language, distinct from Polish. According to the official data from the 7043: 4793: 3957: 3629: 1674: 1658: 1650: 1567: 1553: 1489: 4867:
Orthography: diacritic, Czech, phonetic, Hermannowa, Polish, Polish plus, Steuer's, Tadzikowa, Wieczorkowa, multisigned.
4332:Śląsk bogaty różnorodnością – kultur, narodów i wyznań. Historia lokalna na przykładzie wybranych powiatów, miast i gmin 3717:. 2013. The Silesian Language in the Early 21st Century: A Speech Community on the Rollercoaster of Politics (pp 1–35). 7172: 6954: 6201: 4248:"The Silesian Language in the Early 21st Century: A Speech Community on the Rollercoaster of Politics Tomasz Kamusella" 2538: 937: 757: 3485:
Observations made on a tour from Hamburg through Berlin, Gorlitz, and Breslau, to Silberberg; and thence to Gottenburg
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Tomasz Kamusella. 2004. The Szlonzokian Ethnolect in the Context of German and Polish Nationalisms (pp. 19–39).
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organization to reflect the sounds of all Silesian dialects. It was approved by Silesian organizations affiliated in
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voted 236-186 with five abstentions to recognise Silesian as a regional language. On 29 May 2024, President
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and ethnic minorities and on the regional language, as well as some other acts, Warsaw, May 3, 2011.)
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On 30 January 2008 and in June 2008, two organizations promoting Silesian language were established:
1714: 1574: 1338: 6667: 3841:„Dialekt śląski" author: Feliks Pluta, publication: Wczoraj, Dzisiaj, Jutro. – 1996, no 1/4, pp 5–19 3655: 6163: 3986: 3016: 2836: 2369: 2334: 2253: 1169: 1050: 865: 833: 746: 397:
speakers in the area prior to World War II and after. The first mentions of Silesian as a distinct
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What’s new in Google Translate: More than 100 new languages. 2024. Google Translate Help. 27 Jun.
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Cultures d'Europe centrale. No 8: Lieux communs de la multiculturalité urbaine en Europe centrale
1721:, although some of it is in Steuer's alphabet. It is used in a few books, including the Silesian 1509: 1441: 1434: 1418: 1072:
The United States Immigration Commission in 1911 classified it as one of the dialects of Polish.
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Gerd Hentschel (2001). "Das Schlesische – eine neue (oder auch nicht neue) slavische Sprache?".
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Tomasz Kamusella. 1999. Język a Śląsk Opolski w kontekście integracji europejskiej (pp 12–19).
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A notable difference is in question-forming. In standard Polish, questions which do not contain
6986: 6061: 5994: 5989: 5954: 5913: 5684: 5143: 2244: 2225:. Large parts of the Silesian Knowledge, however, are written in Silesian's phonetic alphabet. 1110:. While some have considered it a separate language, most now view Lach as a dialect of Czech. 968:, Poland. The text notifies readers that people under the age of 18 will not be served alcohol. 945:. "We want Silesia, where every boy can take a vow to his chosen one in the Silesian language." 922: 156: 6606: 6576: 3312:
Akulturacja/asymilacja na pograniczach kulturowych Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej w XIX i XX wieku
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in the 19th and 20th centuries, the language of Slavic-speaking Silesians became politicized.
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Das Schlesische ... kann somit ... ohne Zweifel als Dialekt des Polnischen beschrieben werden
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Tomasz Kamusella (2013): "Ślōnsko godka. The silesian language" - Review by Mark Brüggemann
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wrote that "Silesian ... can thus ... without doubt be described as a dialect of Polish" ("
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regarding whether Silesian is a distinct language, a dialect of Polish, or, in the case of
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The Silesian language in public space: a warning sign "Watch for trams" on the sidewalk in
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Schlonzsko: Horní Slezsko, Oberschlesien, Górny Śląsk. Esej o regionie i jego mieszkańcach
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Schlonzsko: Horní Slezsko, Oberschlesien, Górny Śląsk. Esej o regionie i jego mieszkańcach
2856:("flowers and gifts"). The latter also exemplifies the Germanisms in Silesian (cf. German 2792: 412:
Linguistic distinctiveness of Silesian has long been a topic of discussion among Poland's
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Mitteleuropa – Osteuropa. Oldenburger Beiträge zur Kultur und Geschichte Ostmitteleuropas
3030: 2935: 2603: 1533: 1460: 1332: 796: 325: 7033: 6521: 3484: 574:, standard Polish has always been used by Upper Silesians as a language of prayers. The 345: 103: 7348: 7070: 6937: 6626: 6616: 6499: 6491: 6482: 6466: 5942: 5879: 5854: 5701: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5622: 5446: 5421: 5278: 5232: 5202: 4520: 4206:"The Szlonzoks and their Language: Between Germany, Poland and Szlonzokian Nationalism" 3813: 3461:
Die Geschichte Polens und Deutschlands im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Ausgewählte Baiträge
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Uwag kilka o dyskryminacji Ślązaków i Niemców górnośląskich w postkomunistycznej Polsce
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Schlesien: eine Landeskunde für das deutsche Volk. T. 2., Landschaften und Siedelungen
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was greatly interested in the "Polish vernaculars" of Upper Silesia and other Slavic
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110 new languages are coming to Google Translate. 2024. Google India Blopg. 27 Jun.
4216: 3850:„Fenomen śląskiej gwary" author: Jan Miodek publication: Śląsk. – 1996, no 5, pp 52 3714: 3397: 3230: 3123: 3037: 2970: 2747: 2452: 1695: 1322: 1317: 1046: 1030: 1010: 859: 809: 575: 538: 507: 161: 6762: 5343: 2573: 933:. The inscription, which says "Rest in Peace", is in the Cieszyn Silesian dialect. 7571: 7546: 7541: 7476: 7307: 7013: 6942: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6631: 6396: 6194: 6153: 6146: 5900: 5890: 5865: 5848: 5638: 5606: 5561: 5551: 5441: 5431: 5426: 5416: 5273: 5247: 5237: 5227: 5197: 5038: 4922:
Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Silesian. 2008. Wikimedia Meta-Wiki. 27 May.
4906: 4541: 3766:"Law to recognise Silesian as regional language in Poland approved by parliament" 3562: 3547: 3010: 2987: 2703: 2643: 2228:
Sometimes other alphabets are also used, such as the "Tadzikowy muster" (for the
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as being their own distinct people, which culminated in his effort to create a
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Several efforts have been made to gain recognition for Silesian as an official
429: 390: 230: 209: 95: 4797: 4796:[National Publishing Company of Silesia] (in Silesian). Archived from 4771: 4584:[Structures of the Czech National Language] (in Czech). Archived from 3951:[Report of results: National Census of Population and Housing, 2011.] 3623:[Report of results: National Census of Population and Housing, 2021.] 3381:
Review: Jerzy Tomaszewski. 2007. Czy istnieje naród śląski? (pp 8–12). 2007.
7731: 7556: 7325: 6976: 6487: 6361: 6351: 6051: 5927: 5672: 5598: 5036:[The Sejm recognized the Silesian language as a regional language.]. 5018: 3805: 3643: 3242: 2723: 2568: 2344: 1882: 1722: 1539: 1466: 1393: 1255: 1142: 1099: 982: 891: 487: 464: 386: 6820: 3219:"Language: Talking or trading blows in the Upper Silesian industrial basin?" 7423: 6878: 6830: 5969: 5116:"The Long Shadow of Borders: The Cases of Kashubian and Silesian in Poland" 3903: 2963: 2894:
made a statement about a new law to give Silesian the official status of a
2799: 2598: 2533: 2202: 2048: 2044: 2032: 2028: 2024: 2020: 1014: 986: 503: 452: 406: 402: 319: 237: 6896: 4836:[Silesian Among the Languages of the World] (in Polish). Our News 3593: 3234: 2426: 266: 7057: 7003: 6998: 6682: 6298: 6285: 4619: 3694:"New census data reveal changes in Poland's ethnic and linguistic makeup" 3283:(2nd, corrected and enlarged edition). Zabrze, Poland: NOS, 148 pp.  2431: 1293: 1277: 1250: 1154: 1137: 1107: 978: 941:
The Silesian language in public space: a banner at the 2022 gay pride in
413: 7695: 6805: 6039: 4382:. Washington, D.C.: Washington, Government Printing Office. p. 128. 3396:. No 1. London: Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism. 3053:
Schlesien: eine Landeskunde für das deutsche Volk. T. 1., Das ganze Land
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Silesian's phonetic alphabet replaces the digraphs with single letters (
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This article is about the West Slavic lect. For the German dialect, see
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Multilingua – Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication
3001: 2817: 2593: 1285: 1260: 1223: 1147: 1038: 1034: 918: 898:, often considered linguistically apart from the ones mentioned above: 571: 448: 7402: 7128: 5152: 3790:. Jolanta Tambor (eds.); Aldona Skudrzykowa. Katowice: „Śląsk". 2002. 954: 7676: 7437: 7362: 6873: 6260: 6086: 6074: 4998: 4994:"Polish parliament recognizes Silesian as official regional language" 4769: 3949:"Raport z wyników: Narodowy Spis Powszechny Ludności i Mieszkań 2011" 3165:
Warszawa wie lepiej Ślązaków nie ma. O dyskryminacji i języku śląskim
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Zum Wortgut deutscher Herkunft in den polnischen Dialekten Schlesiens
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Silesian has recently seen an increased use in culture, for example:
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in creating the Lachian literary language in the early 20th century.
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Evangelical Church in Berlin, Brandenburg and Silesian Upper Lusatia
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On 26 June 2024, Silesian was added to the languages offered in the
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are formed either by using intonation or the interrogative particle
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Mirosław Syniawa: Ślabikŏrz niy dlŏ bajtli. Pro Loquela Silesiana.
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Dillingham, William Paul; Folkmar, Daniel; Folkmar, Elnora (1911).
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Dillingham, William Paul; Folkmar, Daniel; Folkmar, Elnora (1911).
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Review: Kai Struve. 2007. Recenzyjo Instituta Herdera (pp 26–27).
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Review: Mark Brüggemann. 2013. Ślōnsko godka. The Silesian language
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On the question of whether Silesian is a separate Slavic language,
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recognizing it as such, however, the bill was vetoed by President
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Dialects spoken on both sides of the Czech–Polish border, former
476: 114: 6795: 2708:, online news and information platform (founded in January 2018) 405:, and the first literature with Silesian characteristics to the 7409: 7388: 5014:"Język śląski uznany za język regionalny. Sejm uchwalił ustawę" 4719:[Once in the chapel of Silesia] (in Polish). e-teatr.pl 4698: 3034:. Verlagsbuchhandlung von Julius Springer in Berlin (in German) 1025:
Some linguists from Poland, such as Jolanta Tambor, Juan Lajo,
480: 82: 7444: 6772: 4313:Śląski był jego językiem ojczystym: Reinhold Olesch, 1910–1990 4294:
Zur schlesischen Sprachlandschaft: Ihr alter slawischer Anteil
4052:"Jan Miodek: Dyskusja o języku śląskim w piśmie jest żenująca" 808:
Dialects spoken in areas which are now part of Poland, former
7331: 6810: 4779: 2421: 2218: 4066:"Endangered Languages Project – Upper Silesian – Ôjcze nasz" 3411:. Elbląg, Poland: Elbląska Oficyna Wydawnicza, 108 pp.  6782: 6754: 4854: 3261:, ed by Delphine Bechtel and Xavier Galmiche. Paris: CIRCE. 2959: 444: 398: 4770:
Przemysław Jedlicki, Mirosław Syniawa (13 February 2009).
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Silesian was his mother tongue: Reinhold Olesch, 1910–1990
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On the Silesian language landscape: their old Slavic share
3480:(Ser: Slavica Tartuensis, Vol 9). Tartu: Tartu University. 3044:. Zeitschrift für Ostforschung, Bd. 83, Heft 3 (in German) 3031:
Die Polen in Oberschlesien: eine statistische Untersuchung
2210: 2206: 2194: 2190: 2174: 2162: 2158: 2150: 2134: 2086: 2082: 2014: 2010: 1994: 1982: 1962: 1950: 1910: 1862: 1858: 1834: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1798: 1786: 1746: 1734: 1045:, do not support its status as a language. Jan Miodek and 4181:
Silesian speech – language, Upper Silesia and nationalism
3193:(pp 118–119). Vol 58, No 1. Potsdam: Universität Potsdam. 3158:(pp 118–119). Vol 58, No 1. Potsdam: Universität Potsdam. 2879:
In July 2007, the Slavic Silesian language was given the
4375: 4358: 3862:"Supermarket introduces bilingual Polish-Silesian signs" 3788:
Gwara Śląska – świadectwo kultury, narzędzie komunikacji
3671:"Supermarket introduces bilingual Polish-Silesian signs" 7472:
Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland
4942:"Katowice: konferencja dotycząca statusu śląskiej mowy" 4880:[The Silesian language is a foreign language]. 4662: 3832:„Słownik gwar Śląskich". Opole, Bogusław Wyderka (eds.) 3466:
Tomasz Kamusella. 1998. Kreol górnośląski (pp 73–84).
3359:. No 4. Marburg, Germany: Herder-Institut (pp 611–613). 1885:
for his poems in Silesian. The alphabet consists of 30
850:
Borderland Silesian-Lesser Polish dialect (6a & 6b)
428:, about 500 thousand people consider Silesian as their 7467:
Silesian Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession
4565:[Encyclopedia of Languages of Eastern Europe] 4142:
Ekspertyza naukowa ks. dra hab. Jerzego Dadaczyńskiego
4855:"National Dictation contest of the Silesian language" 3882:
Norman Davies, Europe: A History, Oxford 1996 pp 1233
2864:
In 2003, the National Publishing Company of Silesia (
2214: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2170: 2166: 2154: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2130: 2126: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2094: 2090: 2078: 2074: 2070: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1990: 1986: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1958: 1954: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1802: 1794: 1790: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1742: 1738: 1730: 800:
Map showing the distribution of the Silesian dialects
340:, in southern Poland and the eastern Czech Republic). 4041:– Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Slovak Republic 2815:
Examples of books in Silesian, e.g. translations of
486:
Until 1945, Silesian was also spoken in enclaves in
5373: 4599: 4597: 4595: 3732:"Najstarszy zabytek śląskiej literatury? (Część 1)" 3470:. No 1. Warsaw, Poland: Komitet Socjologii ISP PAN. 3429:Review: Anon. 2002. Esej o naszym regionie (p 4). 2230:
National Dictation Contest of the Silesian language
2213:, whose sound can be represented phonetically with 4177:Schlonzska mowa – Język, Górny Śląsk i nacjonalizm 4091:Ekspertyza naukowa prof. UŚ Dr hab. Jolanty Tambor 3426:. No 2. Marburg, Germany: Herder-Institut (p 311). 3374:. 2007. Czy istnieje naród śląski? (pp 280–283). 2945:Śląsko godka – jeszcze gwara czy jednak już język? 1717:translation is in this alphabet as is some of the 517:, about 460,000 people declared Silesian as their 463:Silesian speakers currently live in the region of 4828: 4579: 3341:Schlonzska mowa. Język, Górny Śląsk i nacjonalizm 3326:Schlonzska mowa. Język, Górny Śląsk i nacjonalizm 389:. Its vocabulary was significantly influenced by 7729: 4904:[Silesian Knowledge already operating]. 4592: 4557: 4203: 4174: 3058:die Sprachgrenze 1790 und 1890; pp. 364–367 4310: 4291: 1098:In Czechia, disagreement exists concerning the 5144: 4563:"Lexikon der Sprachen des europäischen Ostens" 4469: 3518: 3431:Głos Ludu. Gazeta Polaków w Republice Czeskiej 3060:). Breslau: Verlag Ferdinand Hirt. (in German) 2919: 1701:Ślabikŏrzowy szrajbōnek is the relatively new 600: 557: 58: 52: 6437: 5494: 5359: 5168: 4741:(in Polish). Silesian Theatre. Archived from 4551: 4272: 4215:— Department of History and Civilization and 4125:Ekspertyza naukowa dra Tomasza Wicherkiewicza 3378:. No 2. Warsaw: DiG and University of Warsaw. 3328:(Vol II) . Zabrze, Poland: NOS, 151 pp.  3072:. Breslau: Verlag Ferdinand Hirt. (in German) 2921:Tôwarzistwo Piastowaniô Ślónskij Môwy "Danga" 2675: 5034:"Sejm uznał mowę śląską za język regionalny" 4641: 4639: 4637: 4163:Scientific expertise by Elżbieta Anna Sekuła 4129:Scientific expertise by Tomasz Wicherkiewicz 4008:"Národnost ve sčítání lidu v českých zemích" 3588: 3586: 3555: 3343:(Vol I) . Zabrze, Poland: NOS, 187 pp.  2943: 2906: 2871: 2865: 2711:YouTube personalities such as Niklaus Pieron 1090: 711:as we forgive those who trespass against us. 643:Chleba naszego powszedniego daj nam dzisiaj. 631: 551: 4603: 4533: 4510: 3980:"Obyvatelstvo podle národnosti podle krajů" 2953:Ministry of Administration and Digitization 2890:On 6 September 2007, 23 politicians of the 764:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 662: 6444: 6430: 5501: 5487: 5366: 5352: 5175: 5161: 4525:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 4463: 4451: 4330:Krzysztof Kluczniok, Tomasz Zając (2004). 4159:Ekspertyza naukowa dr Elżbiety Anny Sekuły 4039:National Minorities in the Slovak Republic 3943: 3941: 3303:Bulgarian Ethnology / Bulgarska etnologiia 2682: 2668: 2054:Based on the Steuer alphabet, in 2006 the 894:spoken in areas which are now part of the 349:Distribution area of the Silesian language 4634: 4445: 4392:Alexander M. Schenker, "Proto-Slavonic", 4146:Scientific expertise by Jerzy Dadaczyński 3615: 3613: 3611: 3583: 3424:Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 3357:Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung 3216: 784:Learn how and when to remove this message 578:in Silesian, Polish, Czech, and English: 7763:Slavic languages written in Latin script 5026: 4986: 4812:"ISO documentation of Silesian language" 4539: 2835: 2810: 2798:Teaching aides (for example, a Silesian 2209:, etc.) and does not include the letter 959: 948: 936: 917: 795: 647:jako i my odpuszczamy naszym winowajcom. 612:Chlyb nŏsz kŏżdodziynny dej nōm dzisiŏk. 352: 344: 318: 5182: 5006: 3938: 3456:. No 3. Opole, Poland: Instytut Śląski. 2908:Ogólnopolskie Dyktando Języka Śląskiego 913: 725: 562:); there is no interrogative particle. 7730: 6342:Slavic liquid metathesis and pleophony 4573: 3763: 3691: 3608: 3594:"Ethnologue report for language code: 3531: 2934:On 30 June 2008 in the edifice of the 1873:created specifically for Silesian was 616:jako a my ôdpuszczōmy naszym winnikōm. 366:A Silesian speaker, recorded in Poland 70: 7256: 7144: 6912: 6556: 6464: 6425: 5482: 5347: 5156: 4963: 3759: 3757: 3437:, Czech Republic: Vydavatelství OLZA. 3128:Ślōnsko godka / The Silesian Language 2873:Związek Ludności Narodowości Śląskiej 447:took a significant step by passing a 443:in Poland. In April 2024, the Polish 5508: 4620:""Silesian Ubuntu Translation" team" 4418:Roland Sussex & Paul Cubberley, 3958:Central Statistical Office of Poland 3859: 3853: 3685: 3668: 3662: 3630:Central Statistical Office of Poland 3393:Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism 853:Borderland Silesian-Lach dialect (9) 762:adding citations to reliable sources 729: 7044:Niederschlesischer Oberlausitzkreis 4804: 4422:(2006, Cambridge University Press). 3525: 3512: 3268:. Zabrze, Poland: NOS, 28 pp.  2221:diacritics and hence resembles the 1102:which rose to prominence thanks to 245: 241: 23:. For the ethnic group/nation, see 13: 7194:Legnicko-Głogowski Okręg Miedziowy 7173:Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area 6451: 4369: 4300:] (in German). pp. 32–45. 4108:Ekspertyza naukowa pana Juana Lajo 3754: 3602:Ethnologue. Languages of the World 3402:10.1111/j.1754-9469.2004.tb00056.x 2780:Books (for example, the so-called 2759:The Sinful Life of Franciszek Buła 1037:. Other Polish linguists, such as 678:jako i my odpouštíme naším viníkům 602:Fatrze nŏsz, kery jeżeś we niebie, 385:group spoken by part of people in 14: 7784: 7503:Moravian–Silesian Football League 5134: 5052: 4886:(in Polish). 2008. Archived from 4582:"Útvary českého národního jazyka" 4409:(1993, Routledge), pages 686–758. 4112:Scientific expertise by Juan Lajo 4095:Scientific expertise by Juan Lajo 3961:(in Polish). 2011. Archived from 3918: 3860:Ptak, Alicja (28 December 2022). 3669:Ptak, Alicja (28 December 2022). 3422:Review: Andreas R Hofmann. 2002. 2609:Moravian-Silesian Football League 1683: 1673: 1666: 1657: 1649: 1628: 1610: 1603: 1596: 1589: 1573: 1566: 1559: 1552: 1545: 1522: 1515: 1508: 1488: 1481: 1474: 1451: 1440: 1433: 1417: 1406: 1399: 1376: 1367: 1360: 1292: 1276: 1230: 1214: 1205: 1191: 1182: 1168: 1159: 972: 964:Goral Silesian lect and Czech in 633:Ojcze nasz, któryś jest w niebie, 610:jako we niebie, tak tyż na ziymi. 515:official census in Poland in 2021 393:due to the existence of numerous 7712: 7711: 7694: 7689: 7127: 6895: 5328: 5327: 4935: 4396:(1993, Routledge), pages 60–121. 3764:Tilles, Daniel (26 April 2024). 3692:Tilles, Daniel (13 April 2023). 3654: 2261: 734: 713:And lead us not into temptation, 7768:Culture of Silesian Voivodeship 7753:Languages of the Czech Republic 5375:Languages of the Czech Republic 5120: 5109: 5094: 5083: 5072: 5046: 4975: 4972:– Internet System of Legal Acts 4926: 4915: 4894: 4870: 4861: 4844: 4822: 4786: 4760: 4749: 4731: 4709: 4691: 4673: 4655: 4612: 4606:Zasady pisowni języka śląskiego 4504: 4488: 4412: 4405:Robert A. Rothstein, "Polish", 4399: 4386: 4352: 4323: 4304: 4285: 4281:] (in German). p. 519. 4266: 4240: 4223: 4197: 4168: 4151: 4134: 4117: 4100: 4083: 4058: 4044: 4032: 4000: 3972: 3912: 3897: 3885: 3876: 3844: 3835: 3826: 3780: 3301:Review: Svetlana Antova. 2007. 3167:. Zabrze, Poland: NOS, 174 pp. 2983:List of Silesian-language films 674:Chléb náš vezdejší dej nám dnes 664:Otče náš, jenž jsi na nebesích, 458: 6955:Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39) 6202:Kyakhta Russian–Chinese Pidgin 4739:"Stanisław Mutz – Polterabend" 4608:(in Silesian). pp. 11–59. 4379:Dictionary of Races or Peoples 4362:Dictionary of Races or Peoples 3724: 3708: 3637: 3498: 2806: 2775:Grzeszny żywot Franciszka Buły 2768:Grzeszny żywot Franciszka Buły 2559:Silesia national football team 709:and forgive us our trespasses, 479:on the west as well as in the 324:Range of Silesian on a map of 1: 7618:Schlesien Unvergessene Heimat 6557: 6506:1921 Upper Silesia plebiscite 4902:"Śląska Knowledge już działa" 4878:"Śląski wśród języków świata" 4834:"Śląski wśród języków świata" 4213:European University Institute 3577: 3022: 2539:Śląsk Song and Dance Ensemble 1304: 701:on earth, as it is in heaven. 693:Our Father who art in heaven, 649:I nie wódź nas na pokuszenie, 641:jako w niebie tak i na ziemi. 618:A niy wōdź nŏs na pokuszyniy, 604:bydź poświyncōne miano Twoje. 7773:Culture of Opole Voivodeship 7482:Pentecostal Church in Poland 6913: 6592:Obniżenie Milicko-Głogowskie 6337:Slavic second palatalization 5315:Bilingual communes in Poland 4622:. Launchpad.net. 5 July 2009 4604:Jaroszewicz, Henryk (2022). 3483:Robert Semple. London 1814. 3463:. Osnabrück, Germany: fibre. 3000:, West Germanic language in 2901:The first official National 2791:; poetry: "Myśli ukryte" by 2392:Bilingual communes in Poland 1113: 880:Lower Silesian dialect group 804:Silesian has many dialects: 7: 7257: 7145: 6642:Silesian-Moravian Foothills 6465: 6332:Slavic first palatalization 4513:Silesian Idiom and Language 4070:www.endangeredlanguages.com 3864:. Kraków: Notes from Poland 3768:. Kraków: Notes from Poland 3738:(in Polish). 18 August 2020 3696:. Kraków: Notes from Poland 3673:. Kraków: Notes from Poland 2976: 2728:, Krzysztof Hanke, Hasiok, 2717:Music groups (for example: 977:Opinions are divided among 672:jako v nebi, tak i na zemi. 490:, where the majority spoke 10: 7789: 7665:Silesian Autonomy Movement 7308:Silesian Museum (Katowice) 6637:Silesian-Lusatian Lowlands 4982:Dz. U. z 2013 r. poz. 1346 4681:"Niklaus Pieron – YouTube" 4580:Pavlína Kuldanová (2003). 3385:. No 12, Dec. Zabrze: NOŚ. 3355:Review: Kai Struve. 2006. 3217:Kamusella, Tomasz (2011). 2905:of the Silesian language ( 2579:Podbeskidzie Bielsko-Biała 2235: 2056:Silesian Phonetic Alphabet 1875:Steuer's Silesian alphabet 1687: 1117: 872:Jabłonków Silesian dialect 846:Sulkovian Silesian dialect 828:Niemodlin Silesian dialect 816:Kluczbork Silesian dialect 565: 536: 532: 136:457,900 (2021 census) 29: 18: 7707: 7687: 7659:Landsmannschaft Schlesien 7645: 7609: 7591: 7584: 7532: 7525: 7490: 7454: 7316: 7274: 7267: 7263: 7252: 7228: 7204:Upper Silesian Coal Basin 7199:Lower Silesian Coal Basin 7189:Bielski Okręg Przemysłowy 7181: 7155: 7151: 7140: 7125: 7097: 7056: 7029: 7022: 6930: 6923: 6919: 6908: 6893: 6844: 6781: 6753: 6746: 6714:Moravian-Silesian Beskids 6696: 6660: 6587:Lower Silesian Wilderness 6569: 6565: 6552: 6473: 6460: 6405: 6322: 6269: 6178: 6132: 6124:Slavic dialects of Greece 6060: 6025: 6014: 5980: 5878: 5803: 5794: 5733: 5715: 5692: 5683: 5584: 5516: 5460: 5397: 5381: 5323: 5307: 5287: 5261: 5220: 5213: 5190: 4794:"Narodowa Oficyna Śląska" 4772:"Ślabikorz dlo Slůnzokůw" 4204:Tomasz Kamusella (2003). 4175:Tomasz Kamusella (2005). 3567:Schlesisch, Schlonsakisch 3367:. No 5, Jul. Zabrze: NOŚ. 3191:Zeitschrift für Slawistik 3156:Zeitschrift für Slawistik 3142:The Eurasia Border Review 3113:. Wrocław: eBooki.com.pl 3107:Lucyna Harc et al. 2014. 3097:. Wrocław: eBooki.com.pl 3091:Lucyna Harc et al. 2014. 3081:. Wrocław: eBooki.com.pl 3075:Lucyna Harc et al. 2013. 2852:("florist") and Silesian 1642: 1620: 1532: 1459: 1386: 1354: 1314: 1124: 715:but deliver us from evil. 301: 289: 273: 257: 252: 227: 193: 140: 130: 120: 110: 78: 66: 51: 46: 41: 7110:Lower Silesian and Opole 7039:Moravian–Silesian Region 4970:Dz.U. 2012 nr 0 poz. 309 4851:(in Silesian and Polish) 4776:Gazeta Wyborcza Katowice 4292:Reinhold Olesch (1987). 4275:Neue deutsche Biographie 3987:Czech Statistical Office 3533:[ˈɕlonskɔˈɡɔtka] 3491: 3407:Tomasz Kamusella. 2001. 3339:Tomasz Kamusella. 2005. 3324:Tomasz Kamusella. 2006. 3279:Tomasz Kamusella. 2006. 3264:Tomasz Kamusella. 2007. 3163:Tomasz Kamusella. 2014. 2254:Culture of Upper Silesia 1020: 925:at Lutheran cemetery in 866:Cieszyn Silesian dialect 840:Gliwice Silesian dialect 834:Prudnik Silesian dialect 680:a neuveď nás v pokušení, 645:I odpuść nam nasze winy, 637:przyjdź królestwo Twoje, 620:nale zbŏw nŏs ôde złygo. 606:Przińdź krōlestwo Twoje, 523:country's census of 2011 72:[ˈɕlonskɔˈɡɔtka] 30:Not to be confused with 7303:Silesian Museum (Opava) 6688:Slezská Harta Reservoir 5145: 4438:Encyclopædia Britannica 4233:" – Stanisław Rospond, 3526:Ślabikŏrzowy szrajbōnek 3519: 3507: 3468:Kultura i Społeczeństwo 3150:Review: Michael Moser ( 3130:. Zabrze: NOS, 196 pp. 2920: 2867:Narodowa Oficyna Śląska 1079:Encyclopædia Britannica 676:A odpusť nám naše viny, 614:A ôdpuś nōm nasze winy, 601: 558: 246:ślabikŏrzowy szrajbōnek 59: 53: 7508:National football team 6668:Jezioro Goczałkowickie 6652:Zielona Góra Acclivity 4756:Jednoaktówki po śląsku 4407:The Slavonic Languages 4394:The Slavonic Languages 4273:Ernst Eichler (1999). 3818:: CS1 maint: others ( 3566: 3556: 3551: 3542: 2958:On 26 April 2024, the 2944: 2907: 2872: 2866: 2861: 2833: 2742:Theatre (for example: 1091: 1053:. The German linguist 996:(a poet and author in 969: 957: 946: 934: 822:Opole Silesian dialect 801: 682:ale zbav nás od zlého. 663: 651:ale nas zbaw od złego. 632: 552: 513:According to the last 502:after its end. Before 373:, occasionally called 367: 350: 342: 7477:Roman Catholic Church 7298:Upper Silesian Museum 6255:Taimyr Pidgin Russian 4717:"Po śląsku w kaplicy" 4311:Joanna Rostropowicz. 3235:10.1515/mult.2011.002 3144:. Vol 5, No 2, Fall. 2916:Pro Loquela Silesiana 2839: 2814: 1707:Pro Loquela Silesiana 963: 952: 940: 921: 799: 703:Give us this day our 695:hallowed be thy name. 668:Přijď království Tvé. 635:święć się imię Twoje, 500:Recovered Territories 365: 348: 322: 16:West Slavic ethnolect 7743:Languages of Germany 7498:Football Association 6673:Jezioro Otmuchowskie 5295:Polish Sign Language 4800:on 4 September 2007. 4782:on 13 February 2009. 4588:on 2 September 2012. 4559:Aleksandr Dulichenko 4511:Ewald Osers (1949). 4420:The Slavic Languages 4279:New German biography 3376:Przegląd Historyczny 3305:. No 4 (pp 120–121). 3296:The Sarmatian Review 3294:Review: Anon. 2010. 3210:Nationalities Papers 3006:Silesian Voivodeship 2927:On 26 May 2008, the 2858:Blumen und Geschenke 1690:Silesian orthography 1120:Silesian orthography 1027:Tomasz Wicherkiewicz 1013:in the aftermath of 914:Dialect vs. language 758:improve this section 726:Dialects of Silesian 527:Silesian nationality 87:Silesian Voivodeship 7748:Languages of Poland 7163:Katowice urban area 7071:Lubusz Voivodeships 6607:Przedgórze Sudeckie 6577:Jelenia Góra valley 6281:Pan-Slavic language 6080:Burgenland Croatian 5960:Marcho-Magdeburgian 5557:Old Church Slavonic 5468:Czech Sign Language 5184:Languages of Poland 4183:] (in Polish). 3996:on 31 January 2012. 3968:on 21 October 2012. 3719:Die Welt der Slaven 3201:Die Welt der Slaven 2936:Silesian Parliament 2756:Film (for example: 1311: 1244: 1131: 1106:and his translator 907:Frenštát subdialect 666:posvěť se jméno Tvé 548:interrogative words 418:four major dialects 326:East-Central Europe 7758:Lechitic languages 7610:Unofficial anthems 6627:Silesian Przesieka 6617:Silesian Foothills 6367:Illič-Svityč's law 6347:Monophthongization 5855:Camaldolese Slovak 5668:Canadian Ukrainian 5534:Up to Proto-Slavic 5527:Proto-Balto-Slavic 5399:Minority languages 5214:Minority languages 5042:(in Polish). 2024. 5022:(in Polish). 2024. 4911:(in Polish). 2008. 4319:] (in Polish). 4254:. 11 December 2012 4231:Polszczyzna śląska 3633:(in Polish). 2023. 3487:(pp. 122–123) 3433:. No 69, 11 June. 3028:Paul Weber. 1913. 2966:vetoed the bill. 2929:Silesian Knowledge 2862: 2840:Bilingual sign in 2834: 2529:Tauron Nowa Muzyka 2326:Silesian dialects 2280:History of Silesia 1719:Silesian Knowledge 1309: 1242: 1129: 970: 958: 947: 935: 904:Ostrava subdialect 802: 426:2021 Polish census 368: 351: 343: 7738:Silesian language 7725: 7724: 7703: 7702: 7685: 7684: 7641: 7640: 7580: 7579: 7521: 7520: 7248: 7247: 7244: 7243: 7218:Rybnik Coal Areas 7209:Industrial Region 7136: 7135: 7123: 7122: 7093: 7092: 7089: 7088: 6904: 6903: 6891: 6890: 6887: 6886: 6622:Silesian Lowlands 6548: 6547: 6533:Battle of Leuthen 6528:Battle of Legnica 6516:Treaty of Teschen 6511:Treaty of Dresden 6419: 6418: 6412:extinct languages 6243:Solombala English 6174: 6173: 6097:Prekmurje Slovene 6010: 6009: 5790: 5789: 5644:Doukhobor Russian 5567:Glagolitic script 5476: 5475: 5382:Official language 5341: 5340: 5303: 5302: 5191:Official language 5059:PolandDaily24.com 5053:S (29 May 2024). 4883:Dziennik Zachodni 4830:Dziennik Zachodni 4816:SIL International 4651:978-83-62349-01-2 3925:PolandDaily24.com 3919:S (29 May 2024). 3652:(21st ed., 2018) 3644:Silesian language 3529: 3516: 3513:Steuer's alphabet 3445:eo:Walter Żelazny 3372:Jerzy Tomaszewski 3298:. Sept. (p 1530). 3289:978-83-60540-51-0 3274:978-83-60540-68-8 3119:978-83-927132-8-9 3103:978-83-927132-6-5 3087:978-83-927132-1-0 3038:Norbert Morciniec 2903:Dictation Contest 2896:regional language 2892:Polish parliament 2830:A Christmas Carol 2824:The Little Prince 2692: 2691: 2473:Saint Florian Day 2397:Silesian surnames 1877:, created in the 1869:One of the first 1681: 1680: 1302: 1301: 1240: 1239: 1006:literary standard 923:Grave inscription 794: 793: 786: 723: 722: 699:thy will be done, 697:Thy kingdom come, 521:, whereas in the 441:regional language 401:date back to the 363: 317: 316: 242:Steuer's alphabet 91:Opole Voivodeship 32:Sicilian language 7780: 7715: 7714: 7698: 7693: 7670:Marsz Autōnōmije 7589: 7588: 7550: 7549:(Lower Silesian) 7547:Silesian German 7530: 7529: 7513:Silesian Stadium 7343: 7293:Regional costume 7272: 7271: 7265: 7264: 7254: 7253: 7153: 7152: 7142: 7141: 7131: 7034:Jeseník District 7027: 7026: 7009:Austrian Silesia 6982:Silesia Province 6928: 6927: 6921: 6920: 6910: 6909: 6899: 6751: 6750: 6709:Silesian Beskids 6678:Jezioro Sławskie 6567: 6566: 6554: 6553: 6522:Book of Henryków 6462: 6461: 6446: 6439: 6432: 6423: 6422: 6313:Slavonic-Serbian 6164:Cieszyn Silesian 6035:Carpathian Rusyn 6023: 6022: 5801: 5800: 5690: 5689: 5575:Modern languages 5510:Slavic languages 5503: 5496: 5489: 5480: 5479: 5368: 5361: 5354: 5345: 5344: 5331: 5330: 5218: 5217: 5177: 5170: 5163: 5154: 5153: 5148: 5146:Jynzyk S'loonski 5142: 5129: 5124: 5118: 5113: 5107: 5098: 5092: 5087: 5081: 5076: 5070: 5069: 5067: 5065: 5050: 5044: 5043: 5030: 5024: 5023: 5010: 5004: 5003: 5002:. 26 April 2024. 4990: 4984: 4979: 4973: 4967: 4961: 4960: 4958: 4956: 4939: 4938: 4934: 4930: 4924: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4890:on 20 June 2008. 4874: 4868: 4865: 4859: 4858: 4852: 4848: 4842: 4841: 4826: 4820: 4819: 4808: 4802: 4801: 4790: 4784: 4783: 4778:. Archived from 4768: 4764: 4758: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4745:on 24 June 2007. 4735: 4729: 4728: 4726: 4724: 4713: 4707: 4706: 4695: 4689: 4688: 4677: 4671: 4670: 4659: 4653: 4643: 4632: 4631: 4629: 4627: 4616: 4610: 4609: 4601: 4590: 4589: 4577: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4555: 4549: 4548: 4546: 4537: 4531: 4530: 4524: 4516: 4508: 4502: 4492: 4486: 4485: 4467: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4452:Gerd Hentschel. 4449: 4443: 4442: 4429: 4423: 4416: 4410: 4403: 4397: 4390: 4384: 4383: 4373: 4367: 4366: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4327: 4321: 4320: 4308: 4302: 4301: 4289: 4283: 4282: 4270: 4264: 4263: 4261: 4259: 4244: 4238: 4227: 4221: 4220: 4217:Opole University 4210: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4172: 4166: 4155: 4149: 4138: 4132: 4121: 4115: 4104: 4098: 4087: 4081: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4062: 4056: 4055: 4054:. 26 March 2011. 4048: 4042: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4019: 4013:. Archived from 4012: 4004: 3998: 3997: 3995: 3989:. Archived from 3984: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3954: 3945: 3936: 3935: 3933: 3931: 3916: 3910: 3901: 3895: 3889: 3883: 3880: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3857: 3851: 3848: 3842: 3839: 3833: 3830: 3824: 3823: 3817: 3809: 3784: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3761: 3752: 3751: 3745: 3743: 3728: 3722: 3715:Tomasz Kamusella 3712: 3706: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3689: 3683: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3666: 3660: 3659: 3658: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3626: 3617: 3606: 3605: 3597: 3590: 3571: 3559: 3535: 3523: 3522: 3510: 3502: 3474:Andrzej Roczniok 3254: 3188: 3124:Tomasz Kamusella 3017:Cieszyn Silesian 2971:Google Translate 2947: 2923: 2910: 2886: 2875: 2869: 2854:Blumy i Geszynki 2790: 2771: 2748:Silesian Theatre 2738: 2727: 2707: 2684: 2677: 2670: 2477:Marsz Autůnůmije 2265: 2256: 2240: 2239: 2064: 1711:Rada Górnośląska 1696:Lachian dialects 1677: 1670: 1661: 1653: 1632: 1614: 1607: 1600: 1593: 1586: 1577: 1570: 1563: 1556: 1549: 1542: 1526: 1519: 1512: 1503: 1492: 1485: 1478: 1469: 1455: 1444: 1437: 1430: 1421: 1410: 1403: 1396: 1380: 1371: 1364: 1312: 1308: 1296: 1280: 1245: 1241: 1234: 1218: 1209: 1195: 1186: 1172: 1163: 1132: 1128: 1104:Óndra Łysohorsky 1094: 1047:Dorota Simonides 1031:Tomasz Kamusella 1011:ethnic cleansing 994:Óndra Łysohorsky 901:Opava subdialect 860:Austrian Silesia 810:Prussian Silesia 789: 782: 778: 775: 769: 738: 730: 686: 655: 624: 608:bydź wola Twoja, 581: 580: 561: 559:Je to na karcie? 555: 539:Silesian grammar 455:on 29 May 2024. 364: 339: 333: 313: 309: 285: 269: 262: 233: 146: 74: 62: 56: 39: 38: 7788: 7787: 7783: 7782: 7781: 7779: 7778: 7777: 7728: 7727: 7726: 7721: 7699: 7681: 7637: 7605: 7576: 7548: 7517: 7486: 7450: 7339: 7312: 7259: 7240: 7224: 7214:Ostrava-Karviná 7177: 7147: 7132: 7119: 7085: 7052: 7018: 7014:Eastern Silesia 6915: 6900: 6883: 6840: 6777: 6742: 6692: 6656: 6632:Silesian Upland 6561: 6544: 6469: 6456: 6450: 6420: 6415: 6401: 6324: 6318: 6272: 6265: 6195:Bohemian Romani 6180:Mixed languages 6170: 6147:Pannonian Rusyn 6128: 6070:Banat Bulgarian 6056: 6018: 6006: 5976: 5874: 5866:Pannonian Rusyn 5786: 5729: 5711: 5679: 5639:Alaskan Russian 5614:Old Novgorodian 5607:Old East Slavic 5580: 5562:Cyrillic script 5552:Church Slavonic 5512: 5507: 5477: 5472: 5456: 5393: 5377: 5372: 5342: 5337: 5319: 5299: 5283: 5257: 5209: 5186: 5181: 5140: 5137: 5132: 5125: 5121: 5114: 5110: 5099: 5095: 5088: 5084: 5077: 5073: 5063: 5061: 5051: 5047: 5039:Gazeta Wyborcza 5032: 5031: 5027: 5012: 5011: 5007: 4992: 4991: 4987: 4980: 4976: 4968: 4964: 4954: 4952: 4940: 4936: 4932: 4931: 4927: 4920: 4916: 4907:Gazeta Wyborcza 4900: 4899: 4895: 4876: 4875: 4871: 4866: 4862: 4853: 4850: 4849: 4845: 4827: 4823: 4810: 4809: 4805: 4792: 4791: 4787: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4754: 4750: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4722: 4720: 4715: 4714: 4710: 4697: 4696: 4692: 4685:www.youtube.com 4679: 4678: 4674: 4661: 4660: 4656: 4644: 4635: 4625: 4623: 4618: 4617: 4613: 4602: 4593: 4578: 4574: 4566: 4556: 4552: 4544: 4538: 4534: 4518: 4517: 4509: 4505: 4493: 4489: 4482: 4468: 4464: 4456: 4450: 4446: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4417: 4413: 4404: 4400: 4391: 4387: 4374: 4370: 4357: 4353: 4346: 4328: 4324: 4309: 4305: 4290: 4286: 4271: 4267: 4257: 4255: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4228: 4224: 4208: 4202: 4198: 4191: 4173: 4169: 4156: 4152: 4139: 4135: 4122: 4118: 4105: 4101: 4088: 4084: 4074: 4072: 4064: 4063: 4059: 4050: 4049: 4045: 4037: 4033: 4023: 4021: 4020:on 13 June 2006 4017: 4010: 4006: 4005: 4001: 3993: 3982: 3978: 3977: 3973: 3965: 3952: 3947: 3946: 3939: 3929: 3927: 3917: 3913: 3902: 3898: 3890: 3886: 3881: 3877: 3867: 3865: 3858: 3854: 3849: 3845: 3840: 3836: 3831: 3827: 3811: 3810: 3798: 3786: 3785: 3781: 3771: 3769: 3762: 3755: 3741: 3739: 3730: 3729: 3725: 3721:. Vol 58, No 1. 3713: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3690: 3686: 3676: 3674: 3667: 3663: 3653: 3642: 3638: 3624: 3619: 3618: 3609: 3595: 3592: 3591: 3584: 3580: 3575: 3574: 3503: 3499: 3494: 3204:. Vol 58, No 1. 3182: 3025: 2988:Silesian German 2979: 2884: 2809: 2784: 2761: 2732: 2721: 2701: 2688: 2659: 2658: 2644:Hammer and pick 2624: 2623: 2614: 2613: 2554: 2553: 2544: 2543: 2519: 2518: 2517:performing arts 2502: 2501: 2492: 2491: 2482: 2481: 2464: 2463: 2447: 2446: 2412: 2411: 2402: 2401: 2317: 2316: 2307: 2306: 2297: 2296: 2285: 2284: 2275: 2274: 2252: 2238: 2058: 1879:Interwar period 1705:created by the 1692: 1686: 1582: 1538: 1499: 1465: 1426: 1392: 1342: 1326: 1307: 1127: 1122: 1116: 1055:Reinhold Olesch 1051:standardization 1043:Edward Polański 1023: 975: 916: 885:Chwalim dialect 790: 779: 773: 770: 755: 739: 728: 719: 716: 714: 712: 710: 708: 702: 700: 698: 696: 694: 688: 683: 681: 679: 677: 675: 673: 671: 669: 667: 665: 657: 652: 650: 648: 646: 644: 642: 640: 639:bądź wola Twoja 638: 636: 634: 626: 621: 619: 617: 615: 613: 611: 609: 607: 605: 603: 568: 541: 535: 519:native language 508:Slavic-language 494:, a variety of 461: 430:native language 395:Silesian German 353: 341: 335: 329: 311: 307: 281: 265: 258: 234: 229: 189: 147: 144:Language family 142: 133: 132:Native speakers 100:Moravia–Silesia 94: 57: 35: 28: 21:Silesian German 17: 12: 11: 5: 7786: 7776: 7775: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7745: 7740: 7723: 7722: 7720: 7719: 7708: 7705: 7704: 7701: 7700: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7682: 7680: 7679: 7674: 7673: 7672: 7662: 7655: 7649: 7647: 7643: 7642: 7639: 7638: 7636: 7635: 7628: 7621: 7613: 7611: 7607: 7606: 7604: 7603: 7598: 7592: 7586: 7582: 7581: 7578: 7577: 7575: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7553: 7552: 7539: 7533: 7527: 7523: 7522: 7519: 7518: 7516: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7494: 7492: 7488: 7487: 7485: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7458: 7456: 7452: 7451: 7449: 7448: 7441: 7434: 7427: 7420: 7413: 7406: 7399: 7392: 7385: 7380: 7373: 7366: 7359: 7352: 7345: 7335: 7328: 7322: 7320: 7314: 7313: 7311: 7310: 7305: 7300: 7295: 7290: 7289: 7288: 7275: 7269: 7261: 7260: 7250: 7249: 7246: 7245: 7242: 7241: 7239: 7238: 7232: 7230: 7226: 7225: 7223: 7222: 7221: 7220: 7211: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7185: 7183: 7179: 7178: 7176: 7175: 7170: 7168:Metropolis GZM 7165: 7159: 7157: 7156:Socioeconomics 7149: 7148: 7138: 7137: 7134: 7133: 7126: 7124: 7121: 7120: 7118: 7117: 7112: 7106: 7104: 7102:constituencies 7095: 7094: 7091: 7090: 7087: 7086: 7084: 7083: 7078: 7073: 7068: 7066:Lower Silesian 7062: 7060: 7054: 7053: 7051: 7050: 7041: 7036: 7030: 7024: 7020: 7019: 7017: 7016: 7011: 7006: 7001: 6996: 6995: 6994: 6989: 6979: 6974: 6973: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6952: 6951: 6950: 6945: 6934: 6932: 6925: 6917: 6916: 6906: 6905: 6902: 6901: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6888: 6885: 6884: 6882: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6850: 6848: 6842: 6841: 6839: 6838: 6833: 6828: 6823: 6818: 6813: 6808: 6803: 6798: 6793: 6787: 6785: 6779: 6778: 6776: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6759: 6757: 6748: 6744: 6743: 6741: 6740: 6739: 6738: 6733: 6728: 6718: 6717: 6716: 6711: 6700: 6698: 6694: 6693: 6691: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6664: 6662: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6654: 6649: 6647:Wał Trzebnicki 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6612:Silesian Walls 6609: 6604: 6602:Oświęcim Basin 6599: 6597:Ostrava Valley 6594: 6589: 6584: 6582:Kłodzko Valley 6579: 6573: 6571: 6563: 6562: 6550: 6549: 6546: 6545: 6543: 6542: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6518: 6513: 6508: 6503: 6485: 6480: 6474: 6471: 6470: 6458: 6457: 6449: 6448: 6441: 6434: 6426: 6417: 6416: 6406: 6403: 6402: 6400: 6399: 6394: 6392:Van Wijk's law 6389: 6387:Ruki sound law 6384: 6382:Pedersen's law 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6328: 6326: 6320: 6319: 6317: 6316: 6309: 6302: 6295: 6290: 6289: 6288: 6277: 6275: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6263: 6258: 6251: 6246: 6239: 6232: 6227: 6225:Romano-Serbian 6222: 6217: 6212: 6205: 6198: 6190: 6184: 6182: 6176: 6175: 6172: 6171: 6169: 6168: 6167: 6166: 6156: 6151: 6150: 6149: 6142:Eastern Slovak 6138: 6136: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6126: 6121: 6120: 6119: 6114: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6083: 6082: 6072: 6066: 6064: 6058: 6057: 6055: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6043: 6042: 6031: 6029: 6020: 6016:Microlanguages 6012: 6011: 6008: 6007: 6005: 6004: 6003: 6002: 5992: 5986: 5984: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5973: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5952: 5951: 5950: 5945: 5935: 5934: 5933: 5932: 5931: 5919: 5918: 5917: 5910: 5903: 5898: 5887:East Lechitic 5884: 5882: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5872: 5871: 5870: 5869: 5868: 5861:Eastern Slovak 5858: 5846: 5845: 5844: 5842:White Croatian 5839: 5834: 5827: 5820: 5818:Biblical Czech 5809: 5807: 5798: 5792: 5791: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5784: 5779: 5778: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5750:Serbo-Croatian 5747: 5739: 5737: 5731: 5730: 5728: 5727: 5721: 5719: 5713: 5712: 5710: 5709: 5704: 5698: 5696: 5687: 5681: 5680: 5678: 5677: 5676: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5655: 5650: 5649: 5648: 5647: 5646: 5641: 5626: 5619: 5618: 5617: 5603: 5602: 5601: 5590: 5588: 5582: 5581: 5579: 5578: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5549: 5537: 5530: 5522: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5506: 5505: 5498: 5491: 5483: 5474: 5473: 5471: 5470: 5464: 5462: 5461:Sign languages 5458: 5457: 5455: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5403: 5401: 5395: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5385: 5383: 5379: 5378: 5371: 5370: 5363: 5356: 5348: 5339: 5338: 5336: 5335: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5318: 5317: 5311: 5309: 5305: 5304: 5301: 5300: 5298: 5297: 5291: 5289: 5288:Sign languages 5285: 5284: 5282: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5265: 5263: 5259: 5258: 5256: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5224: 5222: 5215: 5211: 5210: 5208: 5207: 5206: 5205: 5194: 5192: 5188: 5187: 5180: 5179: 5172: 5165: 5157: 5151: 5150: 5136: 5135:External links 5133: 5131: 5130: 5119: 5108: 5093: 5082: 5071: 5045: 5025: 5005: 4985: 4974: 4962: 4925: 4914: 4893: 4869: 4860: 4843: 4821: 4803: 4785: 4759: 4748: 4730: 4708: 4699:"SlonskyRadio" 4690: 4672: 4654: 4633: 4611: 4591: 4572: 4550: 4540:Dušan Šlosar. 4532: 4503: 4487: 4480: 4462: 4444: 4424: 4411: 4398: 4385: 4368: 4351: 4344: 4322: 4303: 4284: 4265: 4239: 4237:1970, p. 80–87 4222: 4196: 4189: 4167: 4150: 4133: 4116: 4099: 4082: 4057: 4043: 4031: 3999: 3971: 3937: 3911: 3896: 3884: 3875: 3852: 3843: 3834: 3825: 3796: 3779: 3753: 3723: 3707: 3684: 3661: 3636: 3607: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3569: 3560: 3545: 3536: 3496: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3489: 3488: 3481: 3471: 3464: 3457: 3450: 3449: 3448: 3442:Walter Żelazny 3438: 3427: 3405: 3388: 3387: 3386: 3383:Ślůnsko Nacyjo 3379: 3368: 3365:Ślůnsko Nacyjo 3361: 3337: 3322: 3321:. Zabrze: NOŚ. 3315: 3308: 3307: 3306: 3299: 3277: 3262: 3255: 3214: 3205: 3196: 3195: 3194: 3161: 3160: 3159: 3148: 3138: 3121: 3105: 3089: 3073: 3064:Joseph Partsch 3061: 3048:Joseph Partsch 3045: 3035: 3024: 3021: 3020: 3019: 3014: 3008: 2995: 2993:Texas Silesian 2990: 2985: 2978: 2975: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2796: 2782:Silesian Bible 2778: 2754: 2751: 2740: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2690: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2679: 2672: 2664: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2656: 2654:Sobieski trees 2651: 2646: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2625: 2621: 2620: 2619: 2616: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2606: 2604:Stadion Śląski 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2584:GKS Jastrzębie 2581: 2576: 2571: 2566: 2561: 2555: 2551: 2550: 2549: 2546: 2545: 2542: 2541: 2536: 2531: 2526: 2524:Silesian music 2520: 2516: 2515: 2514: 2511: 2510: 2504: 2503: 2500: 2499: 2493: 2489: 2488: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2474: 2471: 2465: 2461: 2460: 2459: 2456: 2455: 2449: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2429: 2424: 2419: 2413: 2409: 2408: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2400: 2399: 2394: 2389: 2388: 2387: 2382: 2377: 2372: 2367: 2362: 2357: 2352: 2347: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2324: 2318: 2314: 2313: 2312: 2309: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2290: 2287: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2270: 2267: 2266: 2258: 2257: 2249: 2248: 2237: 2234: 2223:Czech alphabet 2199: 2198: 2065:was proposed: 2052: 2051: 2017: 1867: 1866: 1688:Main article: 1685: 1684:Writing system 1682: 1679: 1678: 1671: 1664: 1662: 1655: 1646: 1640: 1639: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1626: 1624: 1618: 1617: 1615: 1608: 1601: 1594: 1587: 1579: 1578: 1571: 1564: 1557: 1550: 1543: 1536: 1530: 1529: 1527: 1520: 1513: 1506: 1504: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1486: 1479: 1472: 1470: 1463: 1457: 1456: 1449: 1447: 1445: 1438: 1431: 1423: 1422: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1404: 1397: 1390: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1374: 1372: 1365: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1346: 1335: 1330: 1320: 1315: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1297: 1290: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1274: 1272: 1270: 1264: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1238: 1237: 1235: 1228: 1226: 1220: 1219: 1212: 1210: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1189: 1187: 1180: 1174: 1173: 1166: 1164: 1157: 1151: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1126: 1123: 1118:Main article: 1115: 1112: 1087:Gerd Hentschel 1022: 1019: 998:Czechoslovakia 974: 973:Politicization 971: 915: 912: 911: 910: 909: 908: 905: 902: 896:Czech Republic 889: 888: 887: 877: 876: 875: 869: 856: 855: 854: 851: 848: 843: 837: 831: 825: 819: 792: 791: 742: 740: 733: 727: 724: 721: 720: 691: 689: 660: 658: 629: 627: 598: 595: 594: 591: 588: 585: 567: 564: 537:Main article: 534: 531: 496:Central German 492:Lower Silesian 469:Czech Republic 460: 457: 391:Central German 375:Upper Silesian 323: 315: 314: 305: 299: 298: 296:Upper Silesian 293: 287: 286: 279: 271: 270: 263: 255: 254: 253:Language codes 250: 249: 235: 231:Writing system 228: 225: 224: 223: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 195: 191: 190: 188: 187: 186: 185: 184: 183: 182: 181: 180: 179: 150: 148: 141: 138: 137: 134: 131: 128: 127: 122: 118: 117: 112: 108: 107: 96:Czech Republic 80: 79:Native to 76: 75: 68: 64: 63: 49: 48: 47:Upper Silesian 44: 43: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7785: 7774: 7771: 7769: 7766: 7764: 7761: 7759: 7756: 7754: 7751: 7749: 7746: 7744: 7741: 7739: 7736: 7735: 7733: 7718: 7710: 7709: 7706: 7697: 7692: 7678: 7675: 7671: 7668: 7667: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7660: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7650: 7648: 7644: 7634: 7633: 7632:Slezská hymna 7629: 7627: 7626: 7625:Schlesierlied 7622: 7620: 7619: 7615: 7614: 7612: 7608: 7602: 7599: 7597: 7596:Coats of arms 7594: 7593: 7590: 7587: 7583: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7557:Lach dialects 7555: 7551: 7545: 7544: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7534: 7531: 7528: 7524: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7495: 7493: 7489: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7459: 7457: 7453: 7447: 7446: 7442: 7440: 7439: 7435: 7433: 7432: 7428: 7426: 7425: 7421: 7419: 7418: 7417:Modrŏ kapusta 7414: 7412: 7411: 7407: 7405: 7404: 7400: 7398: 7397: 7393: 7391: 7390: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7378: 7374: 7372: 7371: 7367: 7365: 7364: 7360: 7358: 7357: 7353: 7351: 7350: 7346: 7344: 7342: 7341:(ciapkapusta) 7336: 7334: 7333: 7329: 7327: 7326:Black noodles 7324: 7323: 7321: 7319: 7315: 7309: 7306: 7304: 7301: 7299: 7296: 7294: 7291: 7287: 7286: 7282: 7281: 7280: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7270: 7266: 7262: 7255: 7251: 7237: 7234: 7233: 7231: 7227: 7219: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7206: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7186: 7184: 7180: 7174: 7171: 7169: 7166: 7164: 7161: 7160: 7158: 7154: 7150: 7143: 7139: 7130: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7103: 7100: 7096: 7082: 7079: 7077: 7074: 7072: 7069: 7067: 7064: 7063: 7061: 7059: 7055: 7049: 7045: 7042: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7031: 7028: 7025: 7021: 7015: 7012: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7000: 6997: 6993: 6992:Lower Silesia 6990: 6988: 6987:Upper Silesia 6985: 6984: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6977:State country 6975: 6971: 6968: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6957: 6956: 6953: 6949: 6946: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6939: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6929: 6926: 6922: 6918: 6911: 6907: 6898: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6851: 6849: 6847: 6843: 6837: 6834: 6832: 6829: 6827: 6824: 6822: 6819: 6817: 6814: 6812: 6809: 6807: 6804: 6802: 6799: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6789: 6788: 6786: 6784: 6780: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6763:Divoká Orlice 6761: 6760: 6758: 6756: 6752: 6749: 6745: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6723: 6722: 6719: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6695: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6671: 6669: 6666: 6665: 6663: 6659: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6574: 6572: 6568: 6564: 6560: 6555: 6551: 6541: 6540: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6523: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6507: 6504: 6501: 6497: 6493: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6475: 6472: 6468: 6463: 6459: 6454: 6447: 6442: 6440: 6435: 6433: 6428: 6427: 6424: 6413: 6409: 6404: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6377:Meillet's law 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6329: 6327: 6321: 6315: 6314: 6310: 6308: 6307: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6282: 6279: 6278: 6276: 6274: 6268: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6256: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6238: 6237: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6210: 6206: 6204: 6203: 6199: 6197: 6196: 6193:20th century 6191: 6189: 6186: 6185: 6183: 6181: 6177: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6148: 6145: 6144: 6143: 6140: 6139: 6137: 6135: 6131: 6125: 6122: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6112:Slavomolisano 6110: 6109: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6081: 6078: 6077: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6067: 6065: 6063: 6059: 6053: 6052:West Polesian 6050: 6048: 6045: 6041: 6038: 6037: 6036: 6033: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6024: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6001: 5998: 5997: 5996: 5995:Lower Sorbian 5993: 5991: 5990:Upper Sorbian 5988: 5987: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5957: 5956: 5955:West Lechitic 5953: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5939: 5936: 5930: 5929: 5925: 5924: 5923: 5920: 5916: 5915: 5914:Middle Polish 5911: 5909: 5908: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5893: 5892: 5889: 5888: 5886: 5885: 5883: 5881: 5877: 5867: 5864: 5863: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5856: 5852: 5851: 5850: 5847: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5832: 5828: 5826: 5825: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5815: 5814: 5811: 5810: 5808: 5806: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5793: 5783: 5780: 5776: 5775:Slavomolisano 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5752: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5745: 5744:Alpine Slavic 5741: 5740: 5738: 5736: 5732: 5726: 5723: 5722: 5720: 5718: 5714: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5682: 5674: 5673:Simple speech 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5636: 5635: 5632: 5631: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5624: 5620: 5616: 5615: 5611: 5610: 5609: 5608: 5604: 5600: 5599:Simple speech 5597: 5596: 5595: 5592: 5591: 5589: 5587: 5583: 5577: 5576: 5572: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5554: 5553: 5550: 5547: 5543: 5542: 5538: 5536: 5535: 5531: 5529: 5528: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5504: 5499: 5497: 5492: 5490: 5485: 5484: 5481: 5469: 5466: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5404: 5402: 5400: 5396: 5390: 5387: 5386: 5384: 5380: 5376: 5369: 5364: 5362: 5357: 5355: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5334: 5326: 5325: 5322: 5316: 5313: 5312: 5310: 5306: 5296: 5293: 5292: 5290: 5286: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5260: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5225: 5223: 5219: 5216: 5212: 5204: 5201: 5200: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5193: 5189: 5185: 5178: 5173: 5171: 5166: 5164: 5159: 5158: 5155: 5149: 5147: 5141:(in Silesian) 5139: 5138: 5128: 5123: 5117: 5112: 5106: 5104: 5097: 5091: 5086: 5080: 5075: 5060: 5056: 5049: 5041: 5040: 5035: 5029: 5021: 5020: 5015: 5009: 5001: 5000: 4995: 4989: 4983: 4978: 4971: 4966: 4951:. 1 July 2008 4950: 4949: 4943: 4929: 4923: 4918: 4910: 4908: 4903: 4897: 4889: 4885: 4884: 4879: 4873: 4864: 4856: 4847: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4825: 4817: 4813: 4807: 4799: 4795: 4789: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4767:(in Silesian) 4763: 4757: 4752: 4744: 4740: 4734: 4718: 4712: 4704: 4700: 4694: 4686: 4682: 4676: 4668: 4664: 4658: 4652: 4648: 4642: 4640: 4638: 4621: 4615: 4607: 4600: 4598: 4596: 4587: 4583: 4576: 4564: 4560: 4554: 4543: 4542:"Tschechisch" 4536: 4528: 4522: 4514: 4507: 4501: 4500:3-631-37648-0 4497: 4491: 4483: 4481:3-631-37648-0 4477: 4473: 4466: 4455: 4448: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4428: 4421: 4415: 4408: 4402: 4395: 4389: 4381: 4380: 4372: 4364: 4363: 4355: 4347: 4345:83-920458-5-8 4341: 4337: 4333: 4326: 4318: 4314: 4307: 4299: 4295: 4288: 4280: 4276: 4269: 4253: 4249: 4243: 4236: 4232: 4226: 4218: 4214: 4207: 4200: 4192: 4190:83-919589-2-2 4186: 4182: 4178: 4171: 4164: 4160: 4154: 4147: 4143: 4137: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4096: 4092: 4086: 4071: 4067: 4061: 4053: 4047: 4040: 4035: 4016: 4009: 4003: 3992: 3988: 3981: 3975: 3964: 3960: 3959: 3950: 3944: 3942: 3926: 3922: 3915: 3909: 3908:. Ethnologue. 3907: 3900: 3894: 3888: 3879: 3863: 3856: 3847: 3838: 3829: 3821: 3815: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3797:83-7164-314-4 3793: 3789: 3783: 3767: 3760: 3758: 3750: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3720: 3716: 3711: 3695: 3688: 3672: 3665: 3657: 3651: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3632: 3631: 3622: 3616: 3614: 3612: 3603: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3582: 3568: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3553: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3540: 3537: 3534: 3527: 3521: 3520:ślōnskŏ gŏdka 3514: 3509: 3508:ślůnsko godka 3505: 3504: 3501: 3497: 3486: 3482: 3479: 3475: 3472: 3469: 3465: 3462: 3458: 3455: 3454:Śląsk Opolski 3451: 3446: 3443: 3439: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3425: 3421: 3420: 3418: 3417:83-913452-2-X 3414: 3410: 3406: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3380: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3366: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3353: 3352: 3350: 3349:83-919589-2-2 3346: 3342: 3338: 3335: 3334:83-919589-2-2 3331: 3327: 3323: 3320: 3316: 3313: 3309: 3304: 3300: 3297: 3293: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3215: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3203: 3202: 3197: 3192: 3186: 3181: 3177: 3176: 3174: 3173:9788360540213 3170: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3146: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3137: 3136:9788360540220 3133: 3129: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3111: 3106: 3104: 3100: 3096: 3095: 3090: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3079: 3074: 3071: 3070: 3065: 3062: 3059: 3055: 3054: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3032: 3027: 3026: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2980: 2974: 2972: 2967: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2951:In 2012, the 2949: 2946: 2941: 2937: 2932: 2931:was founded. 2930: 2925: 2922: 2917: 2912: 2909: 2904: 2899: 2897: 2893: 2888: 2882: 2877: 2874: 2868: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2838: 2832: 2831: 2826: 2825: 2820: 2819: 2813: 2801: 2797: 2794: 2788: 2783: 2779: 2776: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2736: 2731: 2725: 2720: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2697: 2696: 2695: 2685: 2680: 2678: 2673: 2671: 2666: 2665: 2663: 2662: 2655: 2652: 2650: 2647: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2639:Slezská hymna 2637: 2635: 2632: 2630: 2627: 2626: 2618: 2617: 2610: 2607: 2605: 2602: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2592: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2574:Górnik Zabrze 2572: 2570: 2569:Piast Gliwice 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2556: 2548: 2547: 2540: 2537: 2535: 2532: 2530: 2527: 2525: 2522: 2521: 2513: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2498: 2495: 2494: 2486: 2485: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2470: 2467: 2466: 2458: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2415: 2414: 2406: 2405: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2351: 2348: 2346: 2343: 2341: 2338: 2336: 2333: 2331: 2328: 2327: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2319: 2311: 2310: 2303: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2289: 2288: 2281: 2278: 2277: 2269: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2241: 2233: 2231: 2226: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2076: 2072: 2068: 2067: 2066: 2062: 2057: 2050: 2046: 2042: 2038: 2034: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2016: 2012: 2008: 2004: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1952: 1948: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1924: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1895: 1894: 1892: 1888: 1884: 1883:Feliks Steuer 1880: 1876: 1872: 1864: 1860: 1856: 1852: 1848: 1844: 1840: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1820: 1816: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1744: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1727: 1726: 1724: 1723:alphabet book 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1691: 1676: 1672: 1669: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1647: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1588: 1585: 1581: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1569: 1565: 1562: 1558: 1555: 1551: 1548: 1544: 1541: 1537: 1535: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1521: 1518: 1514: 1511: 1507: 1505: 1502: 1498: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1484: 1480: 1477: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1462: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1420: 1416: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1405: 1402: 1398: 1395: 1391: 1389: 1385: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1373: 1370: 1366: 1363: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1340: 1336: 1334: 1331: 1329: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1313: 1298: 1295: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1284: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1247: 1246: 1243:Nasal Vowels 1236: 1233: 1229: 1227: 1225: 1222: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1165: 1162: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1133: 1121: 1111: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1100:Lach dialects 1096: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1081: 1080: 1073: 1070: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 990: 988: 987:nation-states 984: 980: 967: 962: 956: 951: 944: 939: 932: 928: 924: 920: 906: 903: 900: 899: 897: 893: 892:Lach dialects 890: 886: 883: 882: 881: 878: 873: 870: 867: 864: 863: 861: 857: 852: 849: 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 832: 829: 826: 823: 820: 817: 814: 813: 811: 807: 806: 805: 798: 788: 785: 777: 767: 763: 759: 753: 752: 748: 743:This section 741: 737: 732: 731: 718: 706: 690: 687: 685: 670:Buď vůle Tvá, 659: 656: 654: 628: 625: 623: 597: 596: 592: 589: 586: 583: 582: 579: 577: 576:Lord's Prayer 573: 570:According to 563: 560: 554: 549: 544: 540: 530: 528: 524: 520: 516: 511: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 488:Lower Silesia 484: 482: 478: 474: 470: 466: 465:Upper Silesia 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 437: 435: 431: 427: 423: 419: 415: 410: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 387:Upper Silesia 384: 380: 376: 372: 347: 338: 332: 327: 321: 306: 304: 300: 297: 294: 292: 288: 284: 280: 278: 277: 272: 268: 264: 261: 256: 251: 247: 243: 239: 236: 232: 226: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 198: 197: 196: 192: 178: 175: 174: 173: 170: 169: 168: 165: 164: 163: 160: 159: 158: 155: 154: 153: 152:Indo-European 149: 145: 139: 135: 129: 126: 123: 119: 116: 113: 109: 105: 101: 97: 92: 88: 84: 81: 77: 73: 69: 67:Pronunciation 65: 61: 60:ślůnsko godka 55: 54:ślōnskŏ gŏdka 50: 45: 40: 37: 33: 26: 22: 7657: 7653:Demographics 7646:Other topics 7630: 7623: 7616: 7561: 7443: 7436: 7429: 7424:Siymiyniotka 7422: 7415: 7408: 7401: 7395: 7387: 7375: 7368: 7361: 7354: 7347: 7340: 7330: 7283: 7279:Architecture 7216: / 7058:Voivodeships 7046: / 6924:Subdivisions 6826:Nysa Kłodzka 6537: 6520: 6407: 6397:Winter's law 6357:Havlík's law 6311: 6304: 6297: 6253: 6241: 6234: 6209:Mednyj Aleut 6207: 6200: 6192: 6158: 6062:South Slavic 6019:and dialects 5926: 5921: 5912: 5905: 5853: 5829: 5824:Czechoslovak 5822: 5805:Czech-Slovak 5742: 5717:Transitional 5685:South Slavic 5621: 5612: 5605: 5573: 5541:Proto-Slavic 5539: 5532: 5525: 5436: 5268: 5262:Unrecognized 5122: 5111: 5102: 5096: 5085: 5074: 5062:. 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Index

Silesian German
Silesians
Sicilian language
[ˈɕlonskɔˈɡɔtka]
Poland
Silesian Voivodeship
Opole Voivodeship
Czech Republic
Moravia–Silesia
Jeseník
Silesia
Silesians
Language family
Indo-European
Balto-Slavic
Slavic
West Slavic
Lechitic
Cieszyn
Sulkovian
Texan
Prudnik
Niemodlin
Writing system
Latin script
Steuer's alphabet
ślabikŏrzowy szrajbōnek
ISO 639-3
szl
Glottolog

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