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wasn't satisfied with his speech as many of them preferred to surrender to escape pillage and destruction. The
Ottoman moved from siege to a blockade. The Ottomans lacked naval power to prevent any reinforcements; however, no help arrived. Manuel actively tried to find allies. Another issue Maneul faced was the uncontrollable inhabitants. Fearing for their life and commercial, they forced Manuel out of the city on April 6, 1387. Manuel cursed the inhabitants for their cowardice. Three days later, the gates were opened to the Ottomans and spared the population from any pillage.
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succeeding his father. This angered Sultan
Bayezid I, who laid waste to the remaining Byzantine territories Thessalonica too submitted again to Ottoman rule at this time, possibly after brief resistance, but was treated more leniently: although the city was brought under full Ottoman control, the Christian population and the Church retained most of their possessions, and the city retained its institutions.
339:, rebelled against his father and established an independent regime in Thessalonica in November 1382. Maneul from the city as a base for Ottoman resistance. His presence in the city annoyed the Ottoman sultan, Murad I. The Sultan dispatched his general, Khayer al-Din Pasha to attack the city. The city was heavily fortified with access to reinforcements from the sea. The Ottomans captured
360:
The city was granted special privileges in exchange for a tax and an installment of a small garrison. Manuel later fell into
Ottoman custody. Following the death of Emperor John V Palaiologos in 1391, however, Manuel II escaped Ottoman custody and went to Constantinople, where he was crowned emperor,
351:
The
Ottoman general issued an ultimatum to the city, surrender or massacre. Manuel gathered the population of the city to the main square. He exhorted them with a speech to encourage them to resist the Ottomans with all their power and hoped an honorable peace would be established. The population
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By the late 14th century, the
Ottomans laid their eyes on Thessalonica. The civil war in 1376-1382 weakened the Byzantines, allowing the Ottomans to expand their territories. Manuel II, the son of
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Vacalopoulos, Apostolos E. (1973). History of
Macedonia 1354–1833. Translated by Peter Megann. Thessaloniki, p. 64-66
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on
September 19, 1383, taking its population as slaves. The Ottomans arrived at the walls of Thessalonica in October.
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Clifford J. Rogers (2010), The Oxford
Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology. Vol I.
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took place between 1383 and 1387 between the
Ottoman army dispatched by
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Donald M. Nicol (1993), The Last
Centuries of Byzantium, 1261–1453.
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John Julius Norwich (1997), A Short History of Byzantium.
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508:Sieges involving the Byzantine Empire
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498:Sieges of the Byzantine–Ottoman wars
513:Sieges involving the Ottoman Empire
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323:and the Byzantine garrison led by
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19:Siege of Thessalonica (1383–1387)
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493:1380s in the Ottoman Empire
431:Donald M. Nicol, p. 286-288
413:John Julius Norwich, p. 355
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317:first siege of Thessalonica
39:October 1383 - 9 April 1387
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395:Donald M. Nicol, p. 286
386:Donald M. Nicol, p. 286
518:Sieges of Thessaloniki
188:Byzantine–Ottoman wars
99:Commanders and leaders
26:Byzantine-Ottoman wars
503:Medieval Thessalonica
325:Manuel II Palaiologos
141:Casualties and losses
112:Manuel II Palaiologos
523:Invasions of Greece
123:Khayer al-Din Pasha
337:John V Palaiologos
293:4th Constantinople
282:3rd Constantinople
277:2nd Constantinople
272:1st Constantinople
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262:Philadelphia
202:Kulaca Hisar
68:Belligerents
49:Thessaloniki
24:Part of the
477:Categories
365:References
331:Background
257:Adrianople
356:Aftermath
303:Trebizond
247:Gallipoli
242:Nicomedia
232:Pelekanon
128:Strength
44:Location
450:Sources
321:Murad I
212:Bapheus
149:Unknown
146:Unknown
136:Unknown
133:Unknown
341:Serres
237:Nicaea
217:Dimbos
207:İnegöl
56:Result
347:Siege
298:Morea
227:Bursa
315:The
36:Date
479::
178:e
171:t
164:v
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