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un-American procedure, especially as it refers to a school. I think it is an interference with the search for truth, which is essential to the operation of a school. So, on principle, I would not want to cooperate with such a procedure. My second reason is the fact that I think that this committee's operations are an invasion of the right of free speech guaranteed by the first amendment of the
Constitution, where Congress is prohibited to legislate. My third reason is my rights not to be a witness against myself as guaranteed by the fifth amendment to the Constitution.
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in God's name would our Nation be if the FBI wasn't able to get patriotic
American citizens to go into these organizations in which Commies, crooks, cheats, and traitors infiltrate? Would you tell me where our Nation would land if we did not have the FBI?" Finkelstein responded, "The Nation might be reduced to the terrible procedure of having to jail people for crimes, only if it found that they actually committed them or found that they did something criminal, not just thinking."
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393:(HUAC) held hearings in New York City about the Metropolitan Music School, which HUAC claimed was "controlled by identified Communists." The committee questioned the school's director, Lilly Popper, and several board members who all invoked the Fifth Amendment when asked about their Communist Party affiliation, which was banned at the time under the
415:
The HUAC then questioned
Finkelstein. The committee identified him as "cultural spokesman for the Communist Party" and a member of the Metropolitan Music School's board of directors. He confirmed he'd been a board member from 1955-57 and had taught a Music Appreciation class at the school. When asked
436:
At one point in his testimony, Congressman Clyde Doyle quoted the following passage from
Finkelstein's writings: "The FBI has its paid informers everywhere, and almost any lodge, church, political meeting, or labor organization may be victimized by these peeping toms." Rep. Doyle then asked, "Where
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informed the conspirators that they must re-work "the culture created by the whole development of mankind..." He told these young communists that "only by re-working this culture, is it possible to build proletarian (communist) culture..." Music, of course, is misused as a part of this communist
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I decline to answer that question on the basis of my—well, I decline for three reasons: One is that, observing the proceedings up to now, I believe that these proceedings are an attempt to smear a school without the slightest interest in what that school is teaching or doing. I think this is an
189:(1909–1974) was an American cultural critic with wide-ranging interests in literature, music and fine arts, which he analyzed from a Marxist perspective. His area of particular expertise was popular music: its history, and the relationship between music and society. His best-known books include
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A work of art is a man-created structure, using language, shape-making, musical sounds, or any other socially created means for exploring inner and outer reality, which crystallizes a stage in the humanization of reality. As such it becomes a social possession and a means for educating and
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Daniel
Rosenberg was a young jazz enthusiast who had an opportunity to meet with Finkelstein several times in the early 1970s. In a tribute piece written decades later, Rosenberg noted that Finkelstein's house in Brooklyn had floor-to-ceiling books, along with thousands of
355:
intensified, Michael
Denning has suggested that Finkelstein's works "received—and continue to receive—far less attention than the Marxist works of the 1930s, despite the fact that Finkelstein is a far more interesting Marxist critic than
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293:
In a retrospective about him, Finkelstein was described as "a former newspaper writer turned
Marxist arts critic", which succinctly captures the arc of his career. In the 1930s, while working for the
427:. When Congressman Richard Arens asked Finkelstein where else he had taught besides the Metropolitan Music School (seeking information about the Jefferson School), Finkelstein replied:
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332:, a New York record label known for its recordings of jazz and classical music. He worked at Vanguard until 1973, mostly writing liner notes on their classical
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351:(1947), which argued that the arts evolved over the centuries in response to the changing needs of audiences. Because his books started to appear just as the
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musical theoreticians of consequence." He has also been compared to
British jazz writer "Francis Newton," pseudonym for British Marxist historian
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Sidney
Finkelstein was found dead of a stroke in his Brooklyn home at age 64 on January 14, 1974. He had two brothers who survived him.
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as a music reviewer. He meanwhile started contributing essays on the history and theory of art to leftist publications including
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wrote an appreciation of him, which concluded: "Analyses of jazz and society will therefore run aground if they fail to consult
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music critic" and a member of the board of directors of the
Metropolitan Music School. In 1964, the Christian publication
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cited the 1957 HUAC hearings when characterizing Finkelstein as "cultural spokesman for the communist conspiracy":
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In one of his last essays, "Beauty and Truth", Finkelstein wrote that art at its best seeks to "humanize reality":
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321:, where he remained until its close in 1963. In the late 1940s, he began writing a series of books on art, the
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Soon after his HUAC testimony, Finkelstein's name was listed in three issues of the anti-communist newsletter
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Finkelstein is still regarded as an expert resource on the origins and development of jazz. In 2015,
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The Oxford Critical and Cultural History of Modernist Magazines: Volume II: North America 1894-1960
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discusses Finkelstein's 1955 German-language book that first brought scholarly attention to White.
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343:(CPUSA), serving as the Party's musical and cultural theoretician. He applied the doctrine of
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Investigation of Communism in the Metropolitan Music School, Inc., and Related Fields, Part 1
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465:"cultural" war against mankind. In a book published by the communist publishing house,
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The HUAC inquisitors were particularly interested in Finkelstein's connection with the
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HUAC (1957). "Testimony of Sidney Finkelstein, accompanied by counsel Mildred Roth".
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Richard A. Reuss; JoAnne C. Reuss; Ralph Lee Smith; Ronald C. Cohen, eds. (2000).
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and other favorite jazz artists, and Finkelstein lent Rosenberg several records.
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He served in the military in World War II. In 1955, he received a second MA from
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The Cultural Front: The Laboring of American Culture in the Twentieth Century
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928:"Sidney Finkelstein: an appreciation of the great Marxist cultural critic"
828:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 51 (consequence), 242 (turned), 269 (turned).
1652:"William Dieterle's 'Syncopation' on DVD: Bending Notes and Jazz History"
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Finkelstein, Sidney (1976). "Beauty and Truth". In Rudich, Norman (ed.).
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houses Finkelstein's papers, which include correspondence with publisher
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transforming people in their ability to respond to the world about them.
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about Communist Party affiliation, he too invoked the Fifth Amendment.
311:
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711:." Finkelstein's analysis of the pioneering African-American painter
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1490:(1970). "Excerpted and with an Introduction by Sidney Finkelstein".
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Weapons of Criticism: Marxism in America and the Literary Tradition
1529:. Vol. 65, no. 2 – via Marxists Internet Archive.
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University of Massachusetts Amherst - Sidney Finkelstein Papers
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Finkelstein wrote nearly a dozen books and scores of articles:
1365:(1960). "foreword and afterword by Carmelo Peter Comberiati".
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cited Finkelstein in an article on the 1942 jazz-themed film
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951:
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1441:. International Publishers – via Internet Archive.
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in his analysis of art, as evidenced by his first book,
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For many years, Finkelstein was an active member of the
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has continued to receive mention up through the 2020s.
423:, which they classified as subversive according to the
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Finkelstein was a private man. Even his close friends
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Sidney Walter Finkelstein was born on July 4, 1909 in
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American Folk Music and Left-wing Politics, 1927-1957
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James Fenimore Cooper: Short Stories from His Novels
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Existentialism and Alienation in American Literature
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James Fenimore Cooper: Short Stories from His Novels
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Existentialism and Alienation in American Literature
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Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations
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209:), Finkelstein is considered "one of two American
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490:did not know whether he had a family of his own.
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1156:The New Counterattack: Facts to Combat Communism
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325:from which were his principal source of income.
1368:Composer and Nation: The Folk Heritage of Music
1107:. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 672.
639:"Answering Attack on Marxism – New York City,"
570:Composer and Nation: The Folk Heritage of Music
994:
1671:"Charles White and the Purpose of Education"
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952:Peter Brooker; Andrew Thacker, eds. (2009).
1619:(January 1961). "Ezra Pound's Apologists".
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800:. University of Massachusetts Amherst. 1947
895:"Coltrane's revolutionary musical journey"
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958:. Oxford University Press. p. 854.
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868:"Sidney Finkelstein, Music Critic, Dead"
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1183:. Christian Crusade. 1964. pp. 3–4
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798:"Finkelstein, Sidney Walter, 1909-1974"
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1605:– via Marxists Internet Archive.
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391:House Un-American Activities Committee
1209:, new foreword by Geoffrey Jacques".
1159:. American Business Consultants. 1954
1010:. New York: International Publishers.
926:Rosenberg, Daniel (12 January 2018).
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625:"How Marx and Engels Looked at Art,"
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1709:Charles White: ein Künstler Amerikas
1340:Charles White: Ein Künstler Amerikas
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303:. In the 1940s, he was hired by the
297:, he became a book reviewer for the
16:American cultural critic (1909–1974)
1520:"How Marx and Engels Looked at Art"
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720:University of Massachusetts Amherst
13:
1765:Members of the Communist Party USA
1673:. Organization for Positive Peace.
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446:. The newsletter labeled him the "
421:Jefferson School of Social Science
411:when Finkelstein testified in 1957
14:
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632:"The Folk Song is Back to Stay,"
1755:Historians from New York (state)
1740:20th-century American historians
1669:Harris, Serafina (4 July 2020).
1650:Hoberman, J (27 February 2015).
648:"Charles White's Humanist Art,"
328:In 1951, he joined the staff of
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662:"Notes on Contemporary Music,"
1545:"Charles White's Humanist Art"
893:Godel, Greg (22 August 2017).
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730:, playwright and screenwriter
1:
1589:"Notes on Contemporary Music"
1438:Sense and Nonsense of McLuhan
1343:. Verlag d. Kunst. p. 67
1288:– via Internet Archive.
1180:The Weekly Crusader, Volume 5
772:
582:Sense and Nonsense of McLuhan
263:, with his thesis written on
220:
1496:. International Publishers.
1461:. International Publishers.
1406:. International Publishers.
1371:. International Publishers.
1308:. International Publishers.
1278:. International Publishers.
1213:. International Publishers.
1004:Finkelstein, Sidney (1947).
502:. They listened together to
469:, during 1952, and entitled
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1703:Photo of Sidney Finkelstein
1698:Communism and Jazz (Side B)
1693:Library of Congress catalog
1205:(2019) . "illustrations by
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671:"Ezra Pound's Apologists,"
10:
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1770:Writers from New York City
237:. In 1932, he received an
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1275:How Music Expresses Ideas
1021:Denning, Michael (2010).
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549:How Music Expresses Ideas
471:How Music Expresses Ideas
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229:. In 1929, he received a
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757:International Publishers
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467:International Publishers
235:City College of New York
100:City College of New York
67:Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
19:Not to be confused with
1730:American art historians
1571:Masses & Mainstream
1549:Masses & Mainstream
657:Masses & Mainstream
650:Masses & Mainstream
564:: Ein Künstler Amerikas
478:Personal life and death
460:...on October 2, 1920,
318:Masses & Mainstream
306:New York Herald Tribune
75:cultural critic, author
1735:American music critics
1488:Cooper, James Fenimore
1458:Who Needs Shakespeare?
1211:Jazz: A People's Music
1025:. Verso. p. 458.
709:Jazz: A People’s Music
594:Who Needs Shakespeare?
537:Jazz: A People's Music
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191:Jazz: A People's Music
148:Jazz: A People's Music
738:, and music composer
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680:Weapons of Criticism
678:"Beauty and Truth,"
300:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1640:, pp. 459–460.
1617:Finkelstein, Sidney
1585:Finkelstein, Sidney
1563:Finkelstein, Sidney
1541:Finkelstein, Sidney
1518:(2 December 1947).
1516:Finkelstein, Sidney
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1363:Finkelstein, Sidney
1335:Finkelstein, Sidney
1300:Finkelstein, Sidney
1270:Finkelstein, Sidney
1235:Finkelstein, Sidney
1203:Finkelstein, Sidney
454:The Weekly Crusader
389:In April 1957, the
341:Communist Party USA
295:U.S. Postal Service
261:New York University
243:Columbia University
201:(1960). Along with
199:Composer and Nation
176:/finkelstein-sidney
114:Columbia University
104:New York University
1760:Historians of jazz
1656:The New York Times
1053:. pp. 51–73.
732:John Howard Lawson
693:The New York Times
413:
385:HUAC investigation
315:and its successor
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257:
227:Brooklyn, New York
187:Sidney Finkelstein
51:Brooklyn, New York
30:Sidney Finkelstein
21:Sydney Finkelstein
1596:Political Affairs
1573:. pp. 15–26.
1543:(February 1953).
874:. 15 January 1974
665:Political Affairs
655:"How Art Began,"
645:(14 October 1949)
620:Selected Articles
588:The Young Picasso
405:Francis E. Walter
345:socialist realism
289:, May 1926 issue)
252:Panorama view of
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353:Second Red Scare
330:Vanguard Records
285:(here, cover by
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1682:External links
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1587:(March 1957).
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1551:. Vol. 6.
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1305:Realism in Art
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1750:1974 deaths
1745:1909 births
734:, educator
703:. In 2018,
697:Syncopation
207:Pete Seeger
205:(father of
88:Nationality
1724:Categories
1621:Mainstream
1527:New Masses
1060:0878670572
773:References
673:Mainstream
627:New Masses
312:New Masses
282:New Masses
221:Background
139:1930s-1973
72:Occupation
44:1909-07-04
1601:28 August
1272:(1970) .
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1142:HUAC 1957
1130:HUAC 1957
1118:HUAC 1957
1086:HUAC 1957
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395:Smith Act
370:Calverton
323:royalties
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746:See also
407:chaired
193:(1948),
174:/umarmot
168:.library
150:(1948),
91:American
80:Language
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1417:30 July
1382:30 July
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366:Hicks
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233:from
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120:Genre
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