47:
294:) by majority vote. However, due to lack of unanimity, the Congress was unable to choose only one alphabet and opted for a compromise solution of using both the Istanbul and Bashkimi alphabets with some changes to reduce the differences between them. Usage of the alphabet of Istanbul declined rapidly and it became extinct over the following years and Albania declared its independence.
349:
The Young Turks contacted moderate factions of organisations that wanted
Albanian cultural rights recognised by the Ottomans. Negotiations were undertaken by the CUP with a leader based in Leskovik of the Bashkimi Society and convinced him that Albanian support was needed for the CUP. The leader
345:
assistance in inviting the organisation to the congress and through a telegram wanted to know from him in a quick response if they would participate. No response exists and overall
Albanians from the organisation did not participate the CUP congress.
354:(1908), the CUP in its aims of securing Albanian support for its cause managed to reach an understanding with the Bucharest-based Bashkimi Society. In the course of the revolution a pro-government gathering held at
325:
The
Bashkimi society was not a revolutionary committee, yet it did have connections with newly formed Albanian bands operating in Albania and Macedonia. Due to the efforts of Nikolla Naço, the director of
579:
358:(modern Ferizaj) turned into a meeting calling for constitutional restoration and Ottoman authorities felt dismayed when they found out that some Albanians in the crowd were reading the
309:) of 1908. The dictionary included 13,482 words. It remained the most detailed Albanian dictionary until 1954, when the Albanian Institute of Science (a precursor of the
733:
566:
In 1901, due to differing opinions on the alphabet question, Ndre and his brother Lazër Mjeda founded an alternative organization, the Agimi (Dawn) literary society
270:
alphabet was discussed and approved in a conference of
Catholic bishops held in Shkodra in 1902, and was presented as a main candidate during the sessions of the
728:
243:
743:
350:
agreed to inform the headquarters at
Bucharest and promised to defend an alliance of the CUP, Bashkimi Society, and additional Albanians. During the
330:, there were also relations by the Bashkimi society with an Aromanian (Kutzo Vlach) organisation that was fighting in Macedonia against the Greeks.
461:
748:
371:
218:
Since
Albanian-language groups were forbidden by the Ottoman authorities, it opened as a "religious society". Its starting objectives were:
718:
260:
Due to differences of opinion on the future alphabet, brothers Lazër and Ndre Mjeda left the group to initiate their own society, called
559:
471:
696:
615:
589:
523:
170:) in 1899. The Bashkimi society was the union of three previously independent societies: Shpresa, Drita and Dituria.
103:
17:
310:
738:
297:
Within a few years from its creation, the society published many works, the most important of which was the
513:
605:
554:, Historical Dictionaries of Europe, vol. 75 (2 ed.), The Scarecrow Press, Inc., p. 308,
334:
723:
392:
337:
of
Ottoman dissidents was held in Paris. As the Bashkimi Society headquarters were in Bucharest, the
28:
686:
192:
351:
271:
313:) came out with its first standard dictionary, the "Dictionary of the Science Institute" (
8:
692:
651:
643:
631:
611:
585:
555:
529:
519:
494:
467:
398:
302:
287:
275:
223:
115:
211:, Pashk Bardhi, Mark Shllaku, Dodë Koleci. The only non-cleric, Albanian politician
172:
262:
46:
515:
Rreth alfabetit të shqipes: me rastin e 100-vjetorit të Kongresit të Manastirit
491:
Shkodra në shekuj : seminari i tretë ndërkombëtar : 16-17 nëntor 1998
212:
163:
196:
127:
712:
655:
647:
533:
498:
204:
135:
581:
The
Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913
402:
180:
75:
342:
250:
89:
338:
226:
208:
200:
150:(Society for the Unity of the Albanian Language), usually known as the
139:
131:
99:
254:
85:
235:
Establishment of a weekly or monthly publication of the society; and
634:[Proceedings of the international annual meeting of IASH],
238:
Participation in the attempt to create a unified
Albanian alphabet.
232:
Mandatory correspondence of its members with foreign press organs;
176:, a journal was the official publication of the Bashkimi Society.
355:
188:
167:
159:
493:. Shkoder, Albania: Muzeu Historik i Shkodrës. pp. 67–73.
184:
489:
Doçi, Pal (2000). "Shoqnia gjuhësore e letrare "Bashkimi"".
632:"'FJALORI I BASHKIMIT' NË PRIZMIN E GJUHËS SË SOTME SHQIPE"
407:
Kjo shoqeri e drejtuar nga nje abati i
Mirdites, Preng Doci
610:, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, 2002, p. 393,
158:(The Union of Shkodra) was a literary society founded in
688:
Preparation for a Revolution: The Young Turks, 1902-1908
629:
538:Alfabeti i Bashkimit, dmth alfabeti latin i paster
734:Organizations of the Albanian National Awakening
710:
242:One of its main contributions was the so-called
397:, Shtëpia Botuese "Marin Barleti", p. 35,
372:Society for the Publication of Albanian Letters
668:
666:
664:
35:Society for the Unity of the Albanian Language
511:
463:A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History
440:
438:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
415:
390:
549:
459:
729:Religious organizations established in 1899
678:
661:
636:Aktet e Takimit Ndërkombëtar Vjetor Të IASH
320:
642:(1), Journal of Institute Alb-Shkenca: 1,
435:
412:
45:
744:1899 establishments in the Ottoman Empire
691:. Oxford University Press. p. 244.
684:
672:
444:
429:
577:
455:
453:
14:
749:19th-century establishments in Albania
711:
484:
482:
282:alphabet was rejected in favor of the
195:clerics who joined were Jak Serreqi,
488:
450:
394:Histori e shtypit shqiptar 1848–1996
148:Shoqnia e Bashkimit të Gjuhës Shqipe
40:Shoqnia e Bashkimit të Gjuhës Shqipe
479:
24:
584:. London: IB Tauris. p. 165.
25:
760:
362:journal of the Bashkimi Society.
315:Fjalori i Institutit të Shkencave
154:( The Union Society) , or simply
552:Historical Dictionary of Albania
719:Albanian writers' organizations
623:
607:On üçüncü - Türk Tarih Kongresi
179:Its founder and leader was Dom
598:
571:
543:
505:
384:
335:Congress of Ottoman Opposition
311:Academy of Sciences of Albania
13:
1:
466:, I. B. Tauris, p. 118,
377:
630:Nebi Caka, Ali Caka (2009),
7:
685:Hanioğlu, M. Șükrü (2001).
365:
266:("The dawn"), in 1901. The
10:
765:
26:
121:
109:
95:
81:
71:
53:
44:
39:
29:Bashkimi (disambiguation)
578:Gawrych, George (2006).
321:Revolutionary activities
253:-based alphabet without
518:, Logos-A, p. 71,
299:New Albanian Dictionary
59:; 125 years ago
512:Xhevat Lloshi (2008),
391:Blendi Fevziu (1996),
307:Fjaluer i Ri i Shqypes
306:
291:
550:Robert Elsie (2010),
460:Robert Elsie (2012),
352:Young Turk revolution
292:Alfabeti i Stambollit
272:Congress of Monastir
57:January 4, 1899
27:For other uses, see
156:Bashkimi i Shkodrës
36:
739:History of Shkodër
274:, 1908, where the
111:Official language
34:
724:Albanian language
561:978-0-8108-6188-6
278:was unified. The
276:Albanian alphabet
255:diacritic letters
224:Albanian language
145:
144:
16:(Redirected from
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703:
702:
682:
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410:
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341:(CUP) requested
215:, joined later.
152:Shoqnia Bashkimi
67:
65:
60:
49:
37:
33:
21:
18:Shoqnia Bashkimi
764:
763:
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709:
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683:
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638:(in Albanian),
628:
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604:
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451:
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436:
428:
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389:
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222:Creation of an
138:
134:
130:
124:
112:
104:Ottoman Albania
63:
61:
58:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
762:
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746:
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697:
677:
675:, p. 256.
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542:
524:
504:
478:
473:978-1780764313
472:
449:
447:, p. 272.
434:
432:, p. 200.
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375:
374:
367:
364:
343:Ibrahim Temo's
322:
319:
240:
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236:
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213:Luigj Gurakuqi
164:Ottoman Empire
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698:9780199771110
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673:Hanioğlu 2001
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617:9789751615916
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251:latin script
244:
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155:
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147:
146:
96:Headquarters
90:Intellectual
339:Young Turks
197:Lazër Mjeda
128:Lazër Mjeda
713:Categories
378:References
333:In 1902 a
286:alphabet (
227:dictionary
209:Ndre Mjeda
201:Ndoc Nikaj
181:Preng Doçi
140:Ndre Mjeda
132:Ndoc Nikaj
123:Key people
76:Preng Doçi
64:1899-01-04
656:711809556
648:2073-2244
534:494310096
499:163226223
166:(today's
86:Patriotic
54:Formation
403:40158801
366:See also
356:Firzovik
303:Albanian
288:Albanian
284:Istanbul
280:Bashkimi
268:Bashkimi
247:alphabet
245:Bashkimi
193:Catholic
191:. Other
116:Albanian
189:Mirdita
168:Albania
160:Shkodra
100:Shkodër
82:Purpose
72:Founder
62: (
695:
654:
646:
614:
588:
558:
532:
522:
497:
470:
401:
360:Drita
328:Drita
263:Agimi
185:Abbot
173:Drita
693:ISBN
652:OCLC
644:ISSN
612:ISBN
586:ISBN
556:ISBN
530:OCLC
520:ISBN
495:OCLC
468:ISBN
399:OCLC
249:, a
317:).
187:of
715::
663:^
650:,
564:,
536:,
528:,
481:^
452:^
437:^
414:^
405:,
305::
290::
257:.
207:,
203:,
199:,
183:,
162:,
102:,
88:,
701:.
640:2
594:.
501:.
301:(
229:;
66:)
31:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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