67:
906:
With weakening of centralized states, the Shads were gaining more sovereignty, and historical accounts record independent states with "Shad" as a supreme ruler. The title "Shad" left prominent marks in the Asian toponymy, and on many mints of Middle Asia Late
Antique and Early Middle Age coins, like
737:
730:
723:
786:. The title carried autonomy in different degrees, and its links with the central authority of kagan varied from economical and political subordination to superficial political deference. The title
946:(沙缽略設蘇尼失) and Ilig's uncle, surrendered, did the Eastern Türkic Kaganate cease to exist. Gumilyov explained the Shad's full title as "mighty prince of Shunishi"
853:
Kaganate, Shad was a ruler of the east wing, and Yabgu was a ruler of the west wing of the state, both directly subordinated to the Kagan. According to
1278:
1293:
1059:
Imena dalekikh predkov : istochniki formirovanii︠a︡ i osobennosti funkt︠s︡ionirovanii︠a︡ drevneti︠u︡rkskoĭ onomastiki
1135:
1070:
42:
1288:
1102:"Horse Tamgas from Vassal Princedoms (Translation of Chinese composition "Tanghuyao" of 8-10th centuries)"
1230:
Venturi, Federica (2008). "An Old
Tibetan document on the Uighurs: A new translation and interpretation".
778:. "Shad" could only be an appointee over a vassal tribe, where he represented interests of the preeminent
1114:
711:
110:
782:. The name of this tribe was included in his title. For example, Tardu-shad could only be a Shad over
1089:
980:
862:
886:
942:
empire in 630 CE, the
Chinese annals recorded that only after the last royal prince, a certain
369:
960:
955:
666:
527:
488:
17:
66:
895:
of the royal Ashina clan, who became a Kagan of the "western surnames", with a throne name
854:
8:
754:
872:
842:
841:) clan. Frequently, Shad was a blood prince, a representative of the next generation.
1131:
1066:
916:
115:
105:
34:
998:
document. Atwood (2013) reconstructed the Old Turkic underlying form of element 蘇尼
812:
791:
359:
274:
1283:
354:
155:
120:
1251:"Some Early Inner Asian Terms Related to the Imperial Family and the Comitatus"
805:
771:
1272:
1217:
798:
701:
579:
413:
279:
205:
195:
90:
939:
935:
838:
651:
639:
609:
604:
522:
433:
319:
284:
264:
244:
175:
58:
50:
858:
824:
1183:
995:
821:
547:
428:
423:
374:
294:
170:
837:
The position of Shad was traditionally given to the member of a ruling (
1250:
928:
891:
478:
418:
210:
54:
314:
1104:, Kazakh SSR Academy of Sciences, Alma-Ata, I960, p. 107 (In Russian)
908:
877:
783:
706:
691:
681:
532:
304:
289:
254:
46:
1130:
Golden P.B., "Khazar studies", Budapest, Vol. 2, 1980, pp. 188-190,
507:
920:
775:
676:
634:
590:
557:
552:
542:
473:
469:
453:
389:
364:
309:
165:
140:
100:
95:
1065:]. Almaty: In-t vostokovedenii︠a︡, T︠S︡entr uĭgurovedenii︠a.
924:
882:
850:
686:
629:
599:
502:
408:
339:
249:
76:
448:
912:
779:
696:
671:
656:
562:
438:
384:
349:
329:
269:
234:
221:
180:
150:
125:
80:
990:
is the
Chinese transcription of an Eastern Turkic tribal name
983:
867:
846:
661:
614:
594:
574:
518:
497:
443:
404:
344:
334:
324:
299:
259:
200:
185:
145:
24:
815:
624:
537:
493:
458:
400:
239:
229:
225:
160:
136:
85:
619:
483:
190:
845:
defined the title Shad as an heir apparent a step above
765:
1018:, both of which he related to the personal name 鼠匿
43:Imperial, royal, noble, gentry and chivalric ranks
1121:, ed. L. Johanson, E. A. Csato, 1998, p. 5 of 22.
1270:
770:) was a state office in the early Central Asian
1201:Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors
731:
871:, or a ruler of a principality, a nephew of
1115:"Turks and Iranians: An historical sketch"
889:, the splinter western part was headed by
738:
724:
1056:
790:is borrowed from an Iranian source (cf.
1229:
1271:
1248:
1203:. Oxford University Press. p. 80.
1090:Ethno Cultural Dictionary, TÜRIK BITIG
1198:
758:
934:When the last Eastern Turkic Kagan
881:, who may have been a Yabgu of the
13:
14:
1305:
65:
1249:Atwood, Christopher P. (2013).
1242:
1223:
973:
1207:
1192:
1172:
1156:
1140:
1124:
1107:
1094:
1083:
774:states, roughly equivalent to
1:
1279:History of the Turkic peoples
1049:
994:mentioned in an 8th century
766:
7:
1199:Skaff, Jonathan K. (2012).
1026:; Atwood derived all from *
949:
938:suffered a defeat from the
10:
1310:
1150:, Leningrad, 1962, p 128,
1063:Names of Remote Ancestors.
885:. Later, after a split of
22:
15:
1166:, p. 55-56, Almaty, 2004
1057:Makhpirov, V. U. (1997).
1232:Journal of Asian History
966:
863:Western Turkic Khaganate
23:Not to be confused with
1255:Central Asiatic Journal
887:Western Turkic Kaganate
1294:Titles of the Göktürks
849:. In the early Turkic
961:History of Uzbekistan
956:History of Kazakhstan
18:Shad (disambiguation)
1119:The Turkic Languages
944:Yshbara-Shad Sunishi
855:Movses Kagankatvatsi
16:For other uses, see
1289:Heirs to the throne
1164:The strongest tribe
830:‘king’, or Avestan
712:Mostowfi ol-Mamalek
370:Prince of the Sa'id
1148:History of Khazars
979:Shunishi 鼠泥施 is a
861:was a 7th-century
1042:. "soldier, war".
1038:, with a variant
901:Yelbi-Turuk-Kagan
764:
748:
747:
106:Sultan of Sultans
1301:
1263:
1262:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1227:
1221:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1144:
1138:
1128:
1122:
1111:
1105:
1098:
1092:
1087:
1076:
1043:
977:
897:Yipi Duolu Kehan
873:Tong Yabgu Kagan
769:
763:romanized:
762:
760:
740:
733:
726:
69:
30:
29:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1298:
1269:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1247:
1243:
1228:
1224:
1213:Gumilyov, L.I.
1212:
1208:
1197:
1193:
1187:
1180:"Ancient Türks"
1177:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1145:
1141:
1129:
1125:
1112:
1108:
1099:
1095:
1088:
1084:
1079:
1073:
1052:
1047:
1046:
978:
974:
969:
952:
875:, and a son of
843:Mahmud Kashgari
744:
121:Maharajadhiraja
28:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1307:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1265:
1264:
1241:
1222:
1215:Drevnie Tyurki
1206:
1191:
1178:Gumilev L.N.,
1171:
1155:
1146:Artamanov M.,
1139:
1123:
1106:
1093:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1071:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1044:
981:Western Turkic
971:
970:
968:
965:
964:
963:
958:
951:
948:
865:prince and an
806:Middle Iranian
746:
745:
743:
742:
735:
728:
720:
717:
716:
715:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
650:Governmental:
645:
644:
643:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
585:
584:
583:
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38:
9:
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2:
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1287:
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1277:
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1260:
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1252:
1245:
1238:(42): 21, 43.
1237:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1202:
1195:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1165:
1162:Zuev Yu. A.,
1159:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1136:963-05-1548-2
1133:
1127:
1120:
1116:
1113:Golden P.B.,
1110:
1103:
1100:Zuev Yu. A.,
1097:
1091:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1072:9965-01-085-4
1068:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1054:
1041:
1037:
1034:, from root *
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
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985:
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829:
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819:
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789:
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623:
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613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
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588:
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581:
578:
576:
573:Royal house:
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571:
570:
569:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
539:
536:
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531:
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447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
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420:
417:
415:
414:Dewan Bahadur
412:
410:
406:
402:
399:
398:
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396:
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388:
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381:
378:
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227:
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220:
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209:
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206:Amir al-umara
204:
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187:
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182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
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109:
107:
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91:King of Kings
89:
87:
84:
82:
78:
75:
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72:
68:
64:
63:
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56:
52:
48:
44:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
26:
19:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1220:(in Russian)
1214:
1209:
1200:
1194:
1188:(in Russian)
1179:
1174:
1168:(in Russian)
1163:
1158:
1152:(in Russian)
1147:
1142:
1126:
1118:
1109:
1101:
1096:
1085:
1062:
1058:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
991:
987:
975:
943:
933:
923:, and early
911:in northern
905:
900:
896:
890:
876:
866:
836:
831:
827:
816:
808:
801:
794:
787:
750:
749:
434:Khan Bahadur
379:
59:North Africa
996:Old Tibetan
822:Old Persian
784:Tardu tribe
548:Saranjamdar
429:Rai Bahadur
424:Rao Bahadur
295:Chhatrapati
171:Shirvanshah
111:Chakravarti
1273:Categories
1050:References
986:tribe. 蘇尼
929:Uzbekistan
892:Yukuk Shad
834:"chief").
755:Old Turkic
479:Khan Sahib
419:Sancak bey
211:Khagan Bek
86:Shahanshah
55:South Asia
909:Shad Bagh
878:Moho shad
859:Böri Shad
828:xšāyaθiya
707:Chowdhury
692:Lambardar
682:Hazinedar
533:Hazinedar
305:Nawabzada
290:Sahibzada
255:Beylerbey
1012:Shunishi
1010:and 鼠泥施
950:See also
921:Pakistan
776:governor
677:Hawladar
635:al-Dawla
591:Nobleman
558:Tarafdar
553:Taluqdar
543:Jagirdar
474:Zamindar
470:Viscount
454:Sparapet
390:Baghatur
365:Vali Ahd
360:Shahzada
285:Rajkumar
166:Shahbanu
141:Maharaja
101:Banbishn
96:Padishah
35:a series
33:Part of
931:coins.
925:Bukhara
883:Khazars
851:Turgesh
813:Persian
792:Sogdian
687:Faujdar
630:Begzada
600:Mankari
580:Gurkani
503:Begzada
409:Mankari
355:Ishkhan
340:Khedive
315:Şehzade
250:Ikhshid
156:Sultana
77:Emperor
51:Central
1284:Titles
1218:Ch. 33
1134:
1069:
1024:Šünrik
1022:< *
917:Punjab
913:Lahore
839:Ashina
832:xšaēta
772:Turkic
697:Mridha
672:Haldar
657:Vizier
563:Sikdar
508:Uç bey
439:Atabeg
385:Khanum
350:Yabghu
330:Murzin
310:Yuvraj
275:Mandal
270:Sardar
235:Sheikh
222:Prince
181:Khatun
151:Sultan
126:Khagan
116:Samrat
81:Caliph
1184:Ch.15
1061:[
1032:süŋüš
1028:süŋiš
1020:Shuni
1016:Šüŋiš
992:So-ni
984:Duolu
967:Notes
936:Illig
868:ishad
847:Yabgu
820:<
795:’ġšyδ
780:Kagan
702:Nayak
662:Dewan
615:Pasha
610:Mirza
595:Jenmi
575:Damat
519:Baron
498:Begum
444:Boila
405:Count
345:Nizam
335:Tegin
325:Morza
320:Mirza
300:Nawab
280:Patil
260:Pasha
201:Nawab
196:Nizam
186:Hatun
146:Malik
25:Ishad
1132:ISBN
1067:ISBN
1040:šüŋi
1036:süŋü
1014:as *
1008:Süŋi
1006:or *
1004:Soni
1002:as *
1000:Suni
988:Suni
940:Tang
799:Saka
788:Shad
759:𐱁𐰑
751:Shad
667:Agha
652:Lala
640:Bibi
625:Baig
605:Mian
538:Rais
528:Agha
523:Lala
494:Baig
489:Kadi
459:Azat
449:Wāli
401:Earl
380:Shad
265:Babu
245:Rana
240:Raja
230:Emir
226:Duke
176:Khan
161:Shah
137:King
57:and
47:West
915:in
903:).
817:šāh
809:šāδ
802:šao
767:šad
620:Bey
496:or
484:Bey
403:or
375:Mir
224:or
191:Dey
45:in
1275::
1259:56
1257:.
1253:.
1234:.
1186:,
1182:,
1117:,
1030:~
927:,
919:,
899:(*
857:,
825:𐏋
811:,
804:,
797:,
761:,
757::
593::
521::
472::
407::
228::
139::
79::
53:,
49:,
37:on
1261:.
1236:1
1075:.
753:(
739:e
732:t
725:v
27:.
20:.
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