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with the Jubba. The
Shebelle River has a total length of 1,820 km. The area surrounding the Shebeli River is inhabited by Somali people in the Somali Region of Ethiopia and Somali people in Somalia. In the lower basin of the river, agriculture has largely replaced the traditional nomadic herding lifestyle, and the cultivation of bananas along the southern stretches of the Shebeli and
342:
During periods of heavy rainfall in
Ethiopia, the Shebelle River and the Jubba River merge, and their combined waters ultimately reach the Indian Ocean. However, in drier years, the Shebelle River diminishes and transforms into a series of wetlands and sandy plains to the northeast of the confluence
442:
nomads with their livestock. The centralized regulations of the wells made it easier for the nomads to settle disputes by taking their queries to government officials who would act as mediators. Long-distance caravan trade, a long-time practice in the Horn of Africa, continued unchanged in Ajuran
667:
in 2003, when about 100 livestock and 119 people were washed away, and the flood of April 2005, when about 30,000 persons were surrounded by floodwaters and 2,000 camels and 4,000 shoats were washed away by the floods; some locals consider this the worst flood in 40 years.
419:
of the state many of which are still in use today. Its rulers developed new systems for agriculture and taxation, which continued to be used in parts of the Horn of Africa as late as the 19th century.
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times. Today, numerous ruined and abandoned towns throughout the interior of
Somalia and the Horn of Africa are evidence of a once-booming inland trade network dating from the medieval period.
674:
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woreda. According to the local authorities, 34 people and an estimated 750 livestock died, with 70,000 affected by the floods and in need of assistance. Two more recent floods were the
320:. Near Mogadishu, it turns sharply southwest, where it follows the coast. Below Mogadishu, the river becomes seasonal. During most years, the river dries up near the mouth of the
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in
Ethiopia. On 23 October 1999, the river unexpectedly flooded in the middle of the night, destroying homes and crops in 14 out of the 117 kebeles in
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and was largely utilized for its plantations. Coming into prominence during the 13th century AD, the Ajuran monopolized the water resources of the
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coastal cities, where they were sold to local merchants who maintained a lucrative foreign commerce with ships sailing to and coming from
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1021:
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639:. The Shabelle is said to have flooded every other year prior to the 1960s; that decade had only two devastating floods, the
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and other respective ports became profitable trade outlets for commodities originating from the interior of the state. The
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only reaches the
Shebelle in times of heavy rainfall; its stream usually ends before reaching the main river.
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Through their control of the region's wells, the Garen rulers effectively held a monopoly over their
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and dams. To determine the average size of a farm, a land measurement system was also invented with
17:
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and
Shabelle rivers increased their productivity. A system of irrigation ditches known locally as
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1006:
324:, while in seasons of heavy rainfall, the river actually reaches the Jubba and thus the ocean.
711:
652:
405:
1036:
716:
886:
UNDP Emergencies Unit for
Ethiopia report, dated November 1999 (accessed 28 December 2008)
8:
884:"Drought and Floods: Stress Livelihoods and Food Security in the Ethiopian Somali Region"
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305:
88:
874:, Working Paper No. 2 (Bern: NCCR North-South, 2005), pp. 35f (accessed 19 January 2009)
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Journal of
African History pg.50 by John Donnelly Fage and Roland Anthony Oliver
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331:, meaning "Leopard River". The Somali administrative regions consisting of
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ReliefWeb: Somalia
Integrated Phase Classification Maps (as of Sep 2008)
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During the middle ages, the
Shebelle river was under the control of the
840:"Something that We Need to Know about Our River’s Hydropower Potential"
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412:
363:
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829:(Oxford: Geoffrey Cumberlege for the University Press, 1952), p. 260.
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The recent history of the Shabelle is marked by frequent destructive
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rivers contributes significantly to Somalia's export industry.
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742:"Shebeli River | Kenya, Somalia & Ethiopia | Britannica"
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was built on the upper reaches of the Shebelle River in the
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Satellite pictures showing the Shebelle valley in southern
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in 1966. In the 1970s, the most devastating flood was the
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The Shebelle river's name is derived from the Somali term
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Map of the Shebelle River basin at Water Resources eAtlas
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With the centralized supervision of the Ajuran, farms in
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Astronaut photograph showing irrigation along the river
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woreda, as well as 29 of the 46 kebeles in neighboring
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were constructed throughout the state, which attracted
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trees, which as of 1951 was under the protection of a
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The source of the Shebelle River is cultivated by the
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in Africa during their reign. Large wells made out of
359:, both seasonal and permanent rivers. They include:
494:. This irrigation system was supported by numerous
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474:, beans, grain and cotton were grown during the
802:sfnp error: no target: CITEREFCassanelli1982 (
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537:farming communities of the hinterland from
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651:of 1978. In 1996, floods devastated three
462:fed directly from the Shebelle River and
244:295,900 km (114,200 sq mi)
44:Map of the Jubba/Shebelle drainage basin
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14:
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601:, respectively. It is surrounded by a
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864:The Critical Issue of Land Ownership
408:, they also constructed many of the
915:Hydropolitics in the Horn of Africa
266:46 m/a (51 cu ft/Ms)
24:
541:and Shebelle rivers brought their
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1042:Important Bird Areas of Ethiopia
765:Njoku, Raphael Chijioke (2013).
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688:before and during floods in 2005
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339:are also named after the river.
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426:subjects as they were the only
1022:International rivers of Africa
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185: • coordinates
106: • coordinates
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1:
404:and Shebelle Rivers. Through
355:The Shebelle has a number of
236:2,714 km (1,686 mi)
76:Physical characteristics
905:Bale Mountains National Park
224: • elevation
149:2,326 m (7,631 ft)
145: • elevation
7:
705:
466:into the plantations where
172: • location
96: • location
10:
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722:List of rivers of Ethiopia
616:In 1989, with the help of
490:in Somali) seasons of the
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262: • average
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849:. Accessed 20 April 2006
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825:J. Spencer Trimingham,
454:and other areas in the
768:The History of Somalia
510:being the terms used.
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228:14 m (46 ft)
100:Robe Gerjeda, Ethiopia
712:Geography of Ethiopia
573:, and as far away as
513:The urban centers of
406:hydraulic engineering
861:Ayele Gebre-Mariam,
717:Geography of Somalia
613:member of the Arsi.
1032:Ethiopian Highlands
203: /
124: /
89:Ethiopian Highlands
1012:Rivers of Ethiopia
870:2020-03-03 at the
845:2006-05-22 at the
746:www.britannica.com
302:fiume Uebi Scebeli
207:0.1659°N 42.7727°E
128:7.2201°N 39.4665°E
1017:Rivers of Somalia
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838:Lulseged Ayalew,
827:Islam in Ethiopia
798:Cassanelli (1982)
643:in 1965, and the
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492:Somali calendar
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337:Lower Shabeelle
333:Middle Shebelle
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212:0.1659; 42.7727
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894:External links
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782:. Retrieved
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749:. Retrieved
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637:flash floods
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605:wooded with
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464:Jubba rivers
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1037:Jubba River
641:hidigsayley
632:generator.
597:and mostly
357:tributaries
351:Tributaries
322:Jubba River
210: /
164:Jubba River
131: /
1001:Categories
784:2014-02-14
751:2023-12-02
591:Arsi Oromo
374:Wabe River
364:Erer River
241:Basin size
198:42°46′22″E
119:39°27′59″E
976:Lagh Dera
515:Mogadishu
432:limestone
410:limestone
318:Mogadishu
306:highlands
253:Discharge
195:0°09′57″N
179:, Somalia
116:7°13′12″N
55:Countries
986:Shebelle
868:Archived
843:Archived
706:See also
686:Ethiopia
661:Mustahil
645:soogudud
571:Portugal
452:Bardhere
417:cisterns
316:towards
310:Ethiopia
62:Ethiopia
50:Location
18:Shabelle
955:Somalia
682:Somalia
653:woredas
649:kabahay
607:juniper
599:Somalis
545:to the
527:Kismayo
508:guldeed
468:sorghum
460:Kelliyo
448:Afgooye
424:nomadic
387:History
314:Somalia
298:Italian
290:Amharic
67:Somalia
981:Nugaal
971:Jubba
963:Rivers
951:Rivers
775:
665:dawdle
657:Kelafo
618:Soviet
611:Muslim
595:Sidamo
563:Venice
555:Persia
551:Arabia
547:Somali
535:Somali
523:Barawa
504:taraab
488:Summer
480:Spring
436:Somali
282:Somali
256:
233:Length
177:Jamame
85:Source
728:Notes
579:China
567:Egypt
559:India
543:crops
539:Jubba
531:Hobyo
519:Merca
496:dikes
484:xagaa
472:maize
456:Jubba
440:Oromo
413:wells
402:Jubba
381:Fafen
345:Jubba
159:Mouth
804:help
773:ISBN
684:and
577:and
575:Java
529:and
506:and
500:moos
438:and
415:and
379:The
335:and
276:The
953:of
308:of
294:እደላ
1003::
854:^
744:.
593:,
581:.
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521:,
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470:,
450:,
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296:,
292::
288:,
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787:.
754:.
486:(
478:(
280:(
20:)
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