30:
291:, and religious persecution put the Shabaks under increasing threat. As one Shabak told a researcher: "The government said we are Arabs, not Kurds; but if we are, why did they deport us from our homes?" Shabak politician Salim al-Shabaki, a representative of Shabaks in the Iraqi parliament, said "The Shabaks are part of the Kurdish nation", emphasizing that Shabaks are ethnically Kurdish.
258:
After the 1987 census, the Iraqi regime started a revenge campaign against those
Shabaks who chose to declare themselves Kurdish. The campaign included both deportation and forced assimilation, and many of them (along with
283:. An estimated 1,160 Shabaks were killed during this period. In addition, increasing efforts have been made to force the Shabaks to suppress their own identity in favour of being Arab. The Iraqi government's efforts of
1036:
973:
302:
have no genuine interest in protecting his community, and that
Kurdish security forces are more interested in controlling Shabaks and their leaders than protecting them."
944:
1053:
1090:
345:. Pirs act as mediators between divine power and ordinary Shabaks. Their beliefs form a syncretic faith that is similar to the beliefs of
798:
601:
223:
considered
Shabaks to be descendants of Kurds who originated in Iran, and believed that they might have affinities with the
620:
339:, and they are well versed in the prayers and rituals of the sect. Pirs are under the leadership of the Supreme Head or
1083:
907:
715:
1321:
1316:
988:
805:
Since Shabak Kurds—a minority religious group—were legally deprivedfrom purchasing land in Mosul and those ...
1076:
1254:
1154:
1142:
1137:
899:
231:
also argued that
Shabaks were ethnic Kurds. Another theory suggests that the Shabaks originated from
775:
818:
189:
and
Dawoody live in the same villages as the Shabaks and are commonly mistaken for being Shabak.
1062:
1045:
1311:
849:"Ethnicity, Cultural Discontinuity and Power Brokers in Northern Iraq: The Case of the Shabak"
882:
Mullas, Sufis and
Heretics: The Role of Religion in Kurdish Society : Collected Articles
762:
1285:
1132:
1099:
163:
8:
1222:
1120:
284:
247:
220:
325:. According to Shabaks, divine reality is more advanced than the literal reading of the
175:
1125:
743:
295:
228:
94:
1217:
1212:
1058:
1041:
903:
794:
711:
356:
to be revealed by Allah, and they recite Ismail's poetry during religious meetings.
1107:
860:
649:
341:
280:
118:
78:
1011:"US State Dept. says Iraq's takeover of disputed areas caused 'abuse, atrocities'"
1010:
1290:
1147:
865:
848:
705:
600:
As of March 2019, all of the above settlements are under federal control and are
552:
488:
272:
186:
182:
167:
110:
74:
923:
366:
155:
1305:
1269:
1232:
1115:
562:
1259:
1227:
335:
219:, indicating that the Shabak people originated from many different tribes.
166:
in the early 14th century. The primary Shabak religious text is called the
1205:
1190:
288:
98:
974:"'Trust is gone': Iraqi Christians fear returning due to Shiite militia"
1068:
224:
90:
1174:
1169:
1164:
819:"The Shabak and the Kakais: Dynamics of Ethnicity in Iraqi Kurdistan"
744:"The Shabak and the Kakais: Dynamics of Ethnicity in Iraqi Kurdistan"
346:
326:
299:
159:
1159:
548:
484:
353:
243:
235:
232:
58:
960:
Shi'a of
Samarra: The Heritage and Politics of a Community in Iraq
1264:
1247:
1200:
650:"Part I: ISIS exploited the marginalized minority groups of Iraq"
504:
478:
264:
260:
147:
70:
1237:
1195:
508:
330:
318:
206:
29:
924:"Shabak minority want only Peshmerga to liberate their homes"
524:
495:
276:
239:
143:
135:
54:
311:
139:
684:
Arabism and Islam: Stateless
Nations and Nationless States
671:
C.J. Edmonds (1967). "A Pilgrimage to Lalish". p. 87.
621:"Crossroads: The future of Iraq's minorities after ISIS"
253:
1051:
Ali, Salah Salim. ‘Shabak: A Curious sect in Islam’.
1034:
Ali, Salah Salim. ‘Shabak: A Curious sect in Islam’.
879:
129:
294:
Hunain al-Qaddo, a Shabak politician, was quoted by
142:. Their origin is uncertain and they are considered
158:. The ancestors of Shabaks were followers of the
1303:
703:
472:List of mixed settlements in the Nineveh Plains:
989:"Iraq after ISIL: Qaraqosh, Hamdaniya District"
846:
699:
697:
695:
693:
162:order, which was founded by the Kurdish mystic
681:
267:Kurds) were relocated to concentration camps (
174:(Book of Exemplary Acts), which is written in
1084:
976:. The Daily Star - Lebanon. 12 February 2019.
957:
896:The Shabak, Bektashis, Safawis, and Kizilbash
986:
842:
840:
838:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
727:
690:
670:
210:
365:List of Shabak–majority settlements in the
1091:
1077:
873:
816:
741:
28:
864:
835:
724:
134:) are a group of people who live east of
1098:
947:. Human Rights Watch. 10 November 2009.
333:. Shabak spiritual guides are known as
1304:
1072:
788:
742:Leezenberg, Michiel (December 1994).
602:disputed territories of Northern Iraq
352:Shabaks also consider the poetry of
305:
181:Members of the three Kurdish tribes
47:Regions with significant populations
628:Minority Rights Group International
254:Deportation and forced assimilation
238:, who were forced to settle in the
211:
150:and live in a religious community (
122:
114:
13:
1028:
201:are not clear. One theory is that
14:
1333:
1057:23. 2 (April–June 2000): 73-78. (
42:200,000–500,000 (2017 estimation)
1003:
980:
966:
951:
937:
916:
888:
791:Iraqi Kurds and Nation-Building
710:(in Arabic). AIRP. p. 42.
539:Kharabat Sultan (Mixed Kurdish)
987:Erica Gaston (5 August 2017).
880:Martin van Bruinessen (2000).
810:
782:
749:. University of Amsterdam: 5–6
675:
664:
642:
613:
580:Tubraq Ziyarah (Mixed Kurdish)
359:
146:by some scholars. They speak
1:
789:Ahmed, M. (19 January 2016).
607:
310:Shabaks regard themselves as
866:10.1525/ae.1974.1.1.02a00110
817:Leezenberg (December 1994).
317:Shabaks combine elements of
7:
1037:Revue des études islamiques
884:. Isis Press. p. 3000.
595:Zara Khatun (Mixed Kurdish)
545:Orta Kharab (Mixed Kurdish)
523:Hasan Shami (Mixed Kurdish–
275:) that were located in the
130:
10:
1338:
1270:Turkmens/Turkomans (Turks)
583:Umar Qabji (Mixed Kurdish)
568:Summaqiyah (Mixed Kurdish)
514:Bir Hallan (Mixed Kurdish)
321:with their own concept of
192:
1278:
1183:
1106:
900:Syracuse University Press
704:عبود، زهير كاظم، (2009).
592:Yarimjah (Shabak–Turkmen)
571:Tall Akub (Mixed Kurdish)
558:Qarqashah (Mixed Kurdish)
551:/ Qaraqosh / Hamdaniyah (
542:Khorsabad (Mixed Kurdish)
530:Jilu Khan (Mixed Kurdish)
501:Bashbitah (Mixed Kurdish)
242:area after the defeat of
89:
84:
69:
64:
51:
46:
41:
36:
27:
1040:60. 2 (1992): 521-528. (
898:(1 ed.). Syracuse:
847:Amal Vinogradov (1974).
577:Topzawah (Mixed Kurdish)
197:The origins of the word
589:Yangija (Mixed Kurdish)
586:Umarkan (Mixed Kurdish)
574:Tallara (Mixed Kurdish)
536:Kanunah (Mixed Kurdish)
533:Kabarli (Mixed Kurdish)
1013:. Rûdaw. 14 March 2019
945:"On Vulnerable Ground"
770:Cite journal requires
652:. Rudaw. 27 April 2017
520:Fadila (Mixed Kurdish)
16:Minority group in Iraq
1322:Iranian ethnic groups
1317:Ethnic groups in Iraq
1260:Kawliya/Zott/Ghorbati
517:Birma (Mixed Kurdish)
1100:Demographics of Iraq
853:American Ethnologist
682:Christine M. Helms.
426:Kiretagh / Qaraytagh
329:, which is known as
164:Safi-ad-din Ardabili
52:Largest settlements:
958:Imranali Panjwani.
477:Abu Jarwan (Shabak–
285:forced assimilation
248:battle of Chaldiran
221:Austin Henry Layard
24:
561:Shamsiyat (Shabak–
494:Basatliya (Shabak–
390:Basatliya Saghirah
296:Human Rights Watch
229:Anastas Al-Karmali
22:
1299:
1298:
1279:Foreign nationals
1148:Roman Catholicism
1143:Oriental Orthodox
1054:Hamdard Islamicus
800:978-1-137-03408-3
306:Religious beliefs
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281:Kurdistan Region
214:
213:
185:(or Bajarwans),
172:Kitab al-Manaqib
133:
127:romanized:
126:
124:
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37:Total population
32:
25:
21:
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1029:Further reading
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707:الشبك في العراق
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479:Bajalan Kurdish
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962:. p. 172.
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859:(1): 207–218.
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367:Nineveh Plains
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323:divine reality
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156:Nineveh Plains
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1184:Ethnic groups
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909:0-8156-2411-5
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686:. p. 12.
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429:Manara Shabak
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414:Gora Ghariban
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26:
1286:Palestinians
1242:
1133:Christianity
1052:
1035:
1015:. Retrieved
1005:
993:. Retrieved
982:
968:
959:
953:
939:
928:. Retrieved
918:
895:
890:
881:
875:
856:
852:
825:. Retrieved
812:
804:
793:. Springer.
790:
784:
763:cite journal
751:. Retrieved
706:
683:
677:
666:
654:. Retrieved
644:
632:. Retrieved
627:
615:
599:
471:
468:
384:Badanat Ulya
364:
363:
351:
340:
334:
322:
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312:Shia Muslims
309:
293:
279:area of the
268:
257:
216:
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106:
105:
19:Ethnic group
1223:Circassians
1206:Marsh Arabs
1191:Afro-Iraqis
1138:Evangelical
630:. p. 9
453:Sheikh Amir
360:Settlements
298:that: "The
289:Arabization
215:that means
99:Sunni Islam
57:, Gogjali,
1306:Categories
930:2016-10-24
608:References
438:Qara Tappa
269:mujamma'at
225:Ali-Ilahis
217:intertwine
91:Shia Islam
1218:Assyrians
1213:Armenians
1175:Shabakism
1170:Mandaeism
1165:Yarsanism
1108:Religions
1063:0250-7196
1046:0336-156X
827:23 August
465:Tiskharab
462:Terjilleh
459:Tawajinah
450:Shahrazad
444:Salamiyah
435:Qara Shor
396:Bazgirtan
387:Basakhrah
375:Abbasiyah
347:Yarsanism
300:Peshmerga
236:Turkomans
233:Anatolian
160:Safaviyya
154:) in the
65:Languages
1291:Sudanese
1228:Persians
1201:Bedouins
1160:Yazidism
1017:25 March
995:25 March
902:. 1987.
753:30 March
634:24 March
555:-Shabak)
553:Assyrian
549:Bakhdida
507:(Shabak–
489:Assyrian
487:(Shabak–
485:Bartella
417:Judaydat
405:Darawish
378:Ali Rash
354:Ismail I
244:Ismail I
85:Religion
59:Bartella
1265:Solluba
1248:Yazidis
1243:Shabaks
926:. Rudaw
563:Turkmen
505:Bashiqa
496:Kurdish
456:Tahrawa
447:Shaqoli
411:Gogjali
399:Bazwaya
393:Baybukh
265:Hawrami
261:Zengana
246:at the
193:Origins
187:Zangana
183:Bajalan
176:Turkmen
148:Shabaki
119:Kurdish
107:Shabaks
95:Twelver
79:Kurdish
71:Shabaki
1238:Feylis
1061:
1044:
991:. GPPi
906:
797:
714:
656:13 May
509:Yezidi
423:Khazna
420:Kahriz
408:Dayrij
402:Chunji
331:Sharia
327:Qur'an
319:Sufism
273:Arabic
207:Arabic
205:is an
203:Shabak
199:Shabak
168:Buyruk
152:ta'ifa
111:Arabic
75:Arabic
23:Shabak
1233:Kurds
1196:Arabs
1121:Sunni
1116:Islam
822:(PDF)
747:(PDF)
624:(PDF)
441:Sadah
432:Mufti
277:Harir
240:Mosul
209:word
144:Kurds
136:Mosul
131:Şebek
123:شەبەک
115:الشبك
55:Mosul
1255:Jews
1155:Jews
1126:Shia
1059:ISSN
1042:ISSN
1019:2019
997:2019
904:ISBN
829:2024
795:ISBN
776:help
755:2019
712:ISBN
658:2017
636:2019
525:Arab
342:Baba
336:pirs
263:and
140:Iraq
861:doi
271:in
212:شبك
170:or
138:in
97:),
1308::
855:.
851:.
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767::
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761:{{
726:^
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604:.
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565:)
527:)
511:)
498:)
491:)
481:)
369::
109:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
