628:
relationship was done via Oghuz Yabgu state or independent. However, if political contact has been established between the ancestors of the
Seljuks and the Khazars, the most appropriate date for this must be the middle of the second quarter of the X. century, when the Khazar Khaganate needed military help. As a result, it is possible that Duqaq had political and military relations with the Khazars during their collapse either directly or through the Oghuz Yabgu State, and that these memories could only be spoken verbally in the family reflect only the vague records of the Seljuk histories written about one hundred and fifty years later.
546:
486:
537:, founders of the Great Seljuk Empire. After this incident, the wife of Mikâ'îl (Tughril and Chaghri's mother) married Yusuf, the other son of Seljuk. According to the old Turkic traditions (the reason for such a tradition was that someone could use a widowed noblewoman to gain strength among the tribe/country), while two of his sons, Tughrul and Chaghri, were raised by their grandfather Seljuk Beg.
695:
who had the title of inanç from his brothers. Meanwhile, Mikâ'îl's sons
Tughrul and Chaghri took their place in the administration as "beg" at the age of 14-15. Although Arslan Yabgu was the head of the family, the sons and grandchildren of Seljuk ruled the Turkoman Begs and other forces affiliated to them in a semi-connected manner in the line with the old Oghuz traditions.
397:. The meaning of the word could be interpreted as "pure", "clean", "honest" and "a man of his word". It is argued that it was a unisex name, given both to boys as well as girls in the past and that some of these traits were sought in women, thus it would make more sense to name girls after some of these qualities.
584:
Since Seljuk was getting old in this period, the administration was now actually in the hands of Arslân. In the meantime, the
Samanid state, which thoroughly lost its power, was subjected to frequent renewed attacks by the Kara-khanids, which gave Arslan the opportunity to prove his military prowess.
509:
during the X to XIII centuries. This town, inhabited by both nomadic and sedentary people, served as gateway to the steppes. Jand was a relatively popular destination for
Muslims and religious propagandists from Transoxiana as well as merchants from various places. There, Seljuk and his Oghuz tribe
694:
Seljuk Beg died in Jand at the age of about a hundred towards the year 1009. After his death, Arslân, one of his three surviving sons, took over the administration under the old Oghuz traditions. His son Arslân, who had the title of yabgu, was assisted by Yusuf, who had the title of inal and Mûsâ,
493:
Seljuk had great power and influence among the people of his tribe who lived within the territory of the Oghuz Yabgu State. The relationship between Seljuk and Oghuz Yabgu was overshadowed by an incident that is not well known because of lack of reliable sources. Nonetheless, Seljuk left the Oghuz
627:
who wrote his work during the time of
Tughrul Beg, does not leave any doubt about the Seljuk's relationship with the Khazars. Due to a lack of resources, it is not possible to reveal the nature of this relationship nor to fully define its framework, yet it is difficult to say whether this
502:. It is rumored that there were 100 horseman, 1,500 camels and 50,000 sheep with Seljuk Beg during this migration. If each horseman equates to a family, the Seljuks who migrated to Jand were likely a small nomadic community of about 500 people.
513:
After accepting Islam, Seljuk expelled the officials sent by the Oghuz Yabgu to Jand to collect the annual tax, saying "Muslims will not pay tribute to the unbelievers", and set up a war against the non-Muslim Turks. This may well be proved by
594:
742:
before accepting Islam. However, given that the names of these individuals are widely used in the
Islamic world, Turkish historians state that such an interpretation cannot be solely based on names.
469:") because of his skills in his works. In Oghuz culture, arrow and bow are considered as a sign of sovereignty and considering Duqaq's nickname, he wasn't an ordinary soldier, but a
1372:
617:
army. These sources provide information about the ancestors of the
Seljuks, records that Duqaq is connected to Khazar Melik. The fact that these records, which appear ambiguous in
1417:
586:
731:). All five names mentioned are related to Judaism. Some researchers who pointed out the religious status of the names have concluded that the Seljuk family was either
401:
1452:
1422:
510:
accepted Islam. This event took place after Seljuk had migrated to Jand in 985-986, and before Seljuk left for
Transoxiana to help the Samanians in 992.
597:(1000–1005), the last member of the Samani dynasty (1003). Although al-Muntasir gained some success against the Kara-khanid army under the command of
593:, and the Kara-khanids who entered Transoxiana and seized Bukhara for the second time (999), the Seljuks under Arslân provided military assistance to
1442:
1457:
601:
with the support he received from the
Seljuks, he couldn't prevent the collapse of the Samanid state. Arslân himself was taken prisoner in 1025 by
598:
590:
440:"to move (something), to put into motion with some implication of violent motion", an etymology consistent with contemporary Turkic anthroponymy.
1462:
624:
619:
1447:
1427:
1382:
1412:
1683:
1197:
1112:
Golden, Peter (2007). "The
Conversion of the Khazars to Judaism". In Golden, Peter; Ben-Shammai, Haggai; Roná-Tas, András (eds.).
473:(commander-in-chief). According to various sources, Duqaq was a powerful statesman and possessed great power and influence in the
785:
605:. After this incident, all of Transoxiana came under the Kara-khanid rule and the Seljuks had to submit to the Kara-khanids.
808:
Dil Bilimi, Dil Bilgisi ve Dil Eğitimi / Linguıstics Grammar And Language Teaching / Языкознание Грамматика И Обучение Языку
1134:
686:. Earlier rulers may have used this title but the Seljuks seem to have been the first to inscribe it on their coins.
1477:
1013:
Dietrich, Richard (May 2018). "The Names of Seljuk's Sons as Evidence for the Pre-Islamic Religion of the Seljuks".
561:
Seljuk, who gained power with his war activities in Jand and its vicinity, gradually became involved in politics in
777:
1520:
1377:
1152:Özgüdenli, Osman Gazi (2018). "Selçukluların Kökeni" [Origin of the Seljuks]. In Turan, Refik (ed.).
1190:
233:
221:
217:
191:
1432:
1337:
1067:
Bosworth, C.E. (1968). "The Political and Dynastic History of the Iranian World". In Boyle, J. A. (ed.).
1693:
577:, the Samanids asked Seljuk for aid against Bughra Khan. Upon this, Seljuk sent his eldest son Arslân (
76:
1298:
1317:
1278:
1398:
1183:
525:
The most important event that took place during this period was the death of Seljuk's elder son
1678:
1577:
1553:
1327:
1230:
739:
712:
199:
1085:
Cahen, Claude (1969). "The Turkish Invasion: The Selchukids". In Setton, Kenneth Meyer (ed.).
613:
It is speculated that according to some sources, Seljuk began his career as an officer in the
1688:
1307:
417:
238:
602:
1548:
1543:
1500:
661:
1607:
854:
A History of the Seljuks: İbrahim Kafesoğlu's Interpretation and the Resulting Controversy
664:
on 23 May 1040. Victorious Seljuks became masters of Khurasan, expanding their power into
8:
242:
229:
1587:
1533:
585:
In a period when the Samanid state was shaken by the internal turmoil caused by Fâ'ik,
495:
393:
was transformed as i > e, and that the name was created by adding the diminutive of
379:
225:
56:
44:
1235:
1140:
1130:
781:
566:
526:
474:
68:
1123:
641:
1698:
1612:
1563:
1467:
1353:
1293:
1022:
649:
550:
311:
279:
195:
186:
1637:
1597:
1166:
1647:
1582:
1490:
1322:
1206:
769:
677:
570:
409:
159:
105:
1026:
1672:
1627:
1437:
1332:
1288:
1254:
466:
806:
Gedikli Yusuf (2015). ""Selçuk" kişi adının köken ve anlamı (etimolojisi)".
1657:
1602:
1387:
1302:
1273:
704:
506:
81:
545:
1642:
1362:
1342:
1240:
1144:
665:
562:
554:
534:
349:
155:
825:(in Turkish) (3rd ed.), Istanbul: Enderun Kitabevi, pp. 133 ff
202:
to Selcuk. His name varies in different sources and languages. The form
1632:
1622:
1367:
1312:
1268:
515:
386:
60:
1617:
1572:
1505:
1283:
1263:
653:
499:
1060:
Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History
163:
1652:
1538:
1495:
1481:
1175:
485:
1592:
735:
732:
673:
645:
637:
614:
574:
530:
167:
100:
1524:
1510:
1407:
1250:
682:
657:
317:
171:
1096:
The Khazars, The Dark Ages: Jews in Christian Europe, 711-1096
430:
1220:
115:
703:
According to various sources, Seljuk had four or five sons:
355:
There are different theories about the etymology of Seljuk:
1069:
The Cambridge History of Iran:The Saljuq and Mongol Periods
669:
453:
Seljuk was the son of Tuqaq or Tuqaq Beg (دوقاق دمور یالیق
297:
285:
933:
931:
929:
916:
914:
912:
839:
Türk Mitolojisi (Kaynakları ve Açıklamaları ile Destanlar)
672:. By 1055, Tuğrul had expanded his control all the way to
494:
Yabgu State and immigrated with his tribe, to the town of
314:
294:
1080:(2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
28:
1160:] (in Turkish). Grafiker Yayınları. pp. 19–37.
994:
970:
926:
909:
897:
885:
378:
According to Caferoğlu, the name was derived from the
982:
958:
320:
300:
282:
873:
288:
868:
An Introduction to the History of the Turkic People
1122:
1087:A History of the Crusades: The First Hundred Years
851:
774:TDV Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol. 36 (Sakal – Sevm)
631:
428:, based on the Islamic and Syriac transcriptions
1670:
522:(meaning "ruler and religious fighter Seljuk").
1044:. Princeton University Press. pp. 260–261.
836:
246:. It appears in Arabic and Persian sources as
1191:
805:
158:warlord. He was the eponymous founder of the
676:, setting himself up as the champion of the
608:
271:
265:
259:
253:
247:
203:
166:, the modern town near the ruins of ancient
656:attempts to stop Seljuks raiding the local
291:
1198:
1184:
1114:The World of the Khazars: New Perspectives
1071:. Vol. 5. Cambridge University Press.
540:
1151:
1000:
976:
937:
920:
903:
891:
820:
801:
799:
797:
505:Jand was an important border town in the
412:proposed that the name should be read as
389:, meaning "clean". Although, the root of
1120:
1066:
1012:
952:
763:
761:
759:
544:
484:
348:. His name is sometimes given the title
1102:
988:
767:
237:and in the anonymous 13th–15th-century
16:Eponymous founder of the Seljuk dynasty
1671:
1111:
1093:
1039:
879:
870:. Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden. p. 217
794:
480:
1179:
1084:
1075:
948:
946:
756:
1164:
1089:. The University of Wisconsin Press.
1057:
964:
1205:
400:According to Hungarian Turkologist
272:
266:
260:
254:
248:
204:
13:
943:
498:, located on the left bank of the
14:
1710:
1042:The History of the Jewish Khazars
680:, who honored him with the title
310:
278:
276:. Romanizations include Seljuk (
1684:Military history of the Khazars
1103:Findley, Carter Vaughn (2005).
1051:
1033:
1006:
595:Abû İbrâhîm İsma'îl al-Muntasir
436:and saw a connection with root
184:The warlord's personal name is
860:
845:
830:
814:
780:, Centre for Islamic Studies.
632:Founding of the Seljuk dynasty
565:. After the Kara-khanid ruler
1:
745:
567:Hasan b. Sulayman Bughra Khan
404:, his name should be read as
144:
39:
1165:Rice, Tamara Talbot (1961).
1129:. Rutgers University Press.
768:ÖZAYDIN, ABDÜLKERİM (2009).
750:
431:
352:, also variously romanized.
7:
1040:Dunlop, Douglas M. (1954).
823:Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü
810:. Vol. 2. p. 650.
420:suggested the vocalization
10:
1715:
1107:. Oxford University Press.
1105:The Turks in World History
1076:Brook, Kevin Alan (2006).
1062:. Temple University Press.
852:Ibrahim Kafesoglu (1988).
841:(in Turkish). p. 589.
778:Turkiye Diyanet Foundation
42:1007 or 1009 (age 100/107)
1562:
1519:
1476:
1396:
1351:
1249:
1213:
1168:The Seljuks in Asia Minor
1154:Selçuklu Tarihi El Kitabı
1125:The Empire of the Steppes
1027:10.1163/18775462-00901002
1015:Turkish Historical Review
866:Golden, Peter B. (1992).
821:Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1993),
698:
609:Relationship with Khazars
489:Oghuz Yabgu (750-1055 AD)
448:
151:
121:
111:
99:
67:
50:
35:
26:
21:
776:(in Turkish). Istanbul:
689:
529:, who was the father of
520:al-Malik al-Ghâzî Seljuk
518:who calls Seljuk Beg as
1158:Seljuk History Handbook
1121:Grousset, Rene (1970).
837:Bahaeddin Ögel (1971).
541:Relations with Samanids
443:
368:, meaning "little raft"
362:, meaning "small flood"
179:
55:Unknown, possibly near
1058:Adas, Michael (2001).
558:
490:
548:
488:
477:and died around 924.
418:Peter Benjamin Golden
374:, meaning "disputant"
239:Old Anatolian Turkish
1171:. Thames and Hudson.
1094:Dunlop, D.M (1966).
1078:The Jews of Khazaria
662:Battle of Dandanaqan
660:populace led to the
636:Under Mikâîl's sons
603:Mahmud the Ghaznavid
234:Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk
162:and the namesake of
740:Nestorian Christian
481:Immigration to Jand
243:Book of Dede Korkut
198:, a name sometimes
152:variously romanized
128:Previously: unknown
955:, pp. 149–150
623:, was repeated by
581:) to Transoxiana.
559:
491:
230:Karakhanid Turkish
226:Mahmud al-Kashgari
131:Later: Sunni Islam
1694:Converts to Islam
1666:
1665:
787:978-975-389-566-8
475:Oghuz Yabgu State
455:Dûqâq Demur Yalığ
138:
137:
1706:
1613:Kilij Arslan III
1468:Muhammad-Shah II
1200:
1193:
1186:
1177:
1176:
1172:
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1128:
1117:
1108:
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1045:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1010:
1004:
998:
992:
986:
980:
974:
968:
967:, p. 18-19.
962:
956:
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935:
924:
918:
907:
901:
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883:
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843:
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818:
812:
811:
803:
792:
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765:
727:) and/or Yûnus (
435:
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1704:
1703:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1638:Kilij Arslan IV
1598:Kilij Arslan II
1558:
1515:
1472:
1443:Muhammad-Shah I
1392:
1347:
1245:
1214:Early Seljukids
1209:
1207:House of Seljuk
1204:
1137:
1054:
1049:
1038:
1034:
1011:
1007:
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987:
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846:
835:
831:
819:
815:
804:
795:
788:
766:
757:
753:
748:
709:Israel, Arslân)
701:
692:
634:
611:
587:Abû 'Alî Simcûr
543:
483:
465:(meaning "iron
451:
446:
429:
313:
309:
281:
277:
182:
147:
134:
95:
63:
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1712:
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1701:
1696:
1691:
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1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1648:Kaykhusraw III
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1583:Kilij Arslan I
1580:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1564:Sultans of Rum
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
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1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1487:
1485:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1458:Arslan-Shah II
1455:
1450:
1445:
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1420:
1415:
1410:
1404:
1402:
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1365:
1359:
1357:
1349:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1323:Malik-Shah III
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1247:
1246:
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1243:
1238:
1236:Arslan Isra'il
1233:
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1223:
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1188:
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1073:
1064:
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1032:
1005:
1001:Özgüdenli 2018
993:
981:
977:Özgüdenli 2018
969:
957:
942:
938:Özgüdenli 2018
925:
921:Özgüdenli 2018
908:
904:Özgüdenli 2018
896:
892:Özgüdenli 2018
884:
882:, p. 159.
872:
859:
844:
829:
813:
793:
786:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
700:
697:
691:
688:
678:Abbasid caliph
648:migrated into
633:
630:
610:
607:
599:Ilig Khan Nasr
542:
539:
482:
479:
450:
447:
445:
442:
410:Josef Markwart
402:László Rásonyi
376:
375:
369:
363:
181:
178:
160:Seljuk dynasty
136:
135:
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106:Seljuk dynasty
103:
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2:
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1679:Seljuk rulers
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1628:Kaykhusraw II
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1483:
1479:
1475:
1469:
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1464:
1463:Turan-Shah II
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1438:Arslan-Shah I
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1397:Governors of
1395:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1364:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1355:
1352:Governors of
1350:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1333:Suleiman-Shah
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:Malik-Shah II
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1255:Seljuk Empire
1252:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1170:
1169:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1136:9780813506272
1132:
1127:
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1056:
1055:
1043:
1036:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1009:
1003:, p. 33.
1002:
997:
991:, p. 68.
990:
985:
979:, p. 26.
978:
973:
966:
961:
954:
953:Grousset 1970
949:
947:
940:, p. 32.
939:
934:
932:
930:
923:, p. 31.
922:
917:
915:
913:
906:, p. 29.
905:
900:
894:, p. 27.
893:
888:
881:
876:
869:
863:
856:. p. 21.
855:
848:
840:
833:
824:
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621:
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582:
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572:
569:captured the
568:
564:
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538:
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528:
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235:
231:
228:'s 1072–1074
227:
224:) appears in
215:
211:
201:
197:
189:
188:
177:
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157:
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72:
70:
66:
62:
58:
53:
49:
46:
38:
34:
31:
30:
25:
20:
1689:1000s deaths
1658:Kayqubad III
1603:Kaykhusraw I
1448:Toghrul-Shah
1428:Turan-Shah I
1388:Ahmad Sanjar
1383:Arslan-Argun
1303:Ahmad Sanjar
1274:Malik-Shah I
1225:
1167:
1157:
1153:
1124:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1041:
1035:
1021:(1): 54–70.
1018:
1014:
1008:
996:
989:Findley 2005
984:
972:
960:
899:
887:
875:
867:
862:
853:
847:
838:
832:
822:
816:
807:
773:
770:"SELÇUK BEY"
728:
724:
720:
716:
708:
702:
693:
681:
635:
618:
612:
583:
578:
560:
524:
519:
512:
504:
492:
470:
462:
458:
454:
452:
437:
425:
421:
413:
405:
399:
394:
390:
382:
377:
371:
365:
359:
354:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
241:
232:
213:
209:
194:) in modern
185:
183:
176:
156:Oghuz Turkic
140:
139:
27:
1643:Kayqubad II
1608:Suleiman II
1566:(1092–1307)
1554:Sultan-Shah
1527:(1086–1117)
1484:(1076–1105)
1453:Bahram-Shah
1423:Sultan-Shah
1413:Kerman-Shah
1401:(1048–1188)
1378:Toghan-Shah
1373:Arslan-Shah
1356:(1040–1118)
1343:Toghrul III
1338:Arslan-Shah
1328:Muhammad II
1257:(1037–1194)
1241:Musa Yabghu
880:Golden 2007
668:and across
666:Transoxiana
563:Transoxiana
555:Transoxiana
535:Chaghri Beg
463:Temür Yalığ
192:/sɛl.tʃʰuk/
148: 1007
1673:Categories
1633:Kaykaus II
1623:Kayqubad I
1588:Malik-Shah
1578:Suleiman I
1549:Alp Arslan
1368:Alp Arslan
1313:Tughril II
1294:Muhammad I
1269:Alp Arslan
1052:References
746:References
723:), Yusuf (
625:Ibn Hassûl
620:Melik-nâme
516:Al-Bayhaqi
387:Old Uyghur
200:anglicized
150:or 1009),
61:Kazakhstan
1618:Kaykaus I
1573:Qutalmish
1534:Aq Sunqur
1521:Governors
1506:Tutush II
1478:Governors
1433:Iran-Shah
1299:Mahmud II
1284:Berkyaruq
1264:Tughril I
965:Rice 1961
751:Citations
719:), Mûsâ (
654:Ghaznavid
591:Bek-tüzün
500:Syr Darya
461:known as
222:/seldʒyk/
218:/seldʒuk/
154:, was an
1653:Mesud II
1539:Tutush I
1496:Tutush I
1482:Damascus
1354:Khorasan
1279:Mahmud I
1116:. Brill.
650:Khurasan
573:city of
551:Khorasan
533:Beg and
122:Religion
1699:Eponyms
1593:Mesud I
1363:Chaghri
1253:of the
1251:Sultans
717:Michael
713:Mikâ'îl
705:Isrâ'îl
674:Baghdad
646:Seljuks
642:Chaghri
638:Tughrul
579:Isrâ'il
575:Bukhara
571:Samanid
549:Map of
531:Tughrul
527:Mikâ'îl
507:steppes
471:sü-başı
342:Seldjuq
338:Seldjuk
196:Turkish
168:Ephesus
1544:Ridwan
1525:Aleppo
1511:Irtash
1418:Husein
1408:Qawurd
1399:Kerman
1231:Mikail
1226:Seljuk
1143:
1133:
784:
736:Judaic
733:Khazar
725:Joseph
699:Family
683:sultan
658:Muslim
644:, the
615:Khazar
589:, and
449:Origin
426:Saljuq
422:Salçuq
414:Salçuk
406:Selcik
372:salçığ
366:salçuk
360:selçük
346:Saljūq
344:, and
334:Selcük
330:Seljuq
270:, and
214:Selcük
210:Selcuk
187:Selçuk
172:Turkey
164:Selçuk
143:(died
141:Seljuk
112:Father
82:Arslan
77:Mikail
51:Burial
22:Seljuk
1501:Duqaq
1491:Atsiz
1318:Masud
1308:Dawud
1221:Tuqaq
1156:[
1145:90972
729:Jonah
721:Moses
690:Death
432:sljwq
267:سلجوق
261:سلچوق
249:سلجوك
116:Tuqaq
101:House
92:Yusuf
89:Yunus
69:Issue
1301:and
1141:OCLC
1131:ISBN
782:ISBN
670:Iran
640:and
553:and
496:Jand
444:Life
438:sal-
395:-çük
391:sil-
383:sil-
380:root
273:سلجق
255:سلجك
205:سلجك
180:Name
86:Musa
57:Jand
45:Jand
36:Died
1523:of
1480:of
1023:doi
738:or
467:bow
385:in
350:bey
328:),
308:or
220:or
212:or
170:in
29:Bey
1675::
1139:.
1017:.
945:^
928:^
911:^
796:^
772:.
758:^
711:,
652:.
424:~
416:.
408:.
340:,
336:,
332:,
315:dʒ
295:dʒ
264:,
258:,
252:,
216:,
174:.
145:c.
59:,
40:c.
1199:e
1192:t
1185:v
1147:.
1098:.
1029:.
1025::
1019:9
827:.
790:.
715:(
707:(
557:.
459:,
457:)
324:/
321:k
318:u
312:/
304:/
301:k
298:ə
292:.
289:l
286:ɛ
283:s
280:/
208:(
190:(
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