241:
that could threaten natural species. Abstracts of scientific reports, correspondence between noted authorities, and sketch competitions were utilized to encourage public interest in environmental pursuits. Poems, letters, and observations of the environment were published from the
Society's members and local hobbyists. Editors also provided reviews of local and international conservation movements, critiquing their contributions to the global environmentalist efforts.
97:
189:
parliament and suggested boycotting commodities advertised offensively. In 1903, The
Society hired paid inspectors to investigate 1,298 cases of smoke pollution and report these to the local authorities. Protests also surfaced through public outcry in the Society's published magazine, usually in the form of letters to the editor.
240:
The magazine acted as a record of progress in the knowledge of natural objects and environmental awareness. Its editors combined scientific accuracy with digestible topics to further the
Society's goal of informing the public of environmental issues of international policies, laws, or other concerns
188:
The
Society actively utilized legal pressure to further their goals in protecting the environment. Rampant advertising, the draining of marshes, and the hunting of rare birds were often the target of criticism for the League. In 1893, the Society drafted an advertisement regulation bill to the local
270:
The
Selborne Society was funded almost exclusively by its members; in 1900, over 90% of the society's annual income of £41 came from subscriptions and donations, worth a total of $ 30,486 when adjusted for inflation. By 1924, over 60% of the society's income came from the sales of Nesting Boxes and
136:
Historically, the
Selborne Society worked with the local legislature to encourage policies on conservation and environmentalism. It was one of the first organizations to raise public awareness in England concerning environmental issues, and acted as a leading example to international movements such
156:
The
Selborne Society purchased local land enclosures for posterity in cultivating rare animal and plant wildlife. Volunteers were enlisted to maintain the enclosures and to report on the progress of reclaiming endangered species from extinction. In 1923, land in the Perivale Wood was purchased and
123:
in 1895 to preserve "pleasant places". The
Plumage League spawned similar groups like the Society for the Protection of Birds in Didsbury, Manchester, and the "Fur, Fin and Feather Folk" in Croydon. These two merged in May 1891 to become the Society for Protection of Birds, which became the
257:
Union
Committee on Bird-Protection cited the Selborne Society as the main model for addressing environmental awareness in the United States. The Society also published international correspondence in its magazine from botanist and zoologist enthusiasts across Europe and as distant as
157:
memorialized to
Gilbert White by an anonymous donor for approximately £5000. This reserve now houses more than 600 species of fungi, nearly 300 species of plant life, and has been visited by over 100 species of birds, including rare species like the
215:
The Selborne Society sponsored free public lectures to further awareness of environmental preservation. Led by doctorate intellectuals in England, the lecture topics spanned botany, ornithology, zoology, and geological history.
128:
in 1904. From 1919 to 1939 the role of education became a primary one and the society went beyond natural history to become a lecture bureau that covered science, history and exploration.
199:
pushed for the protection of badgers and polecats which were hunted to endangered levels in the English countryside. Plume hunters also faced heavy criticism for over hunting of the
271:
Bird Baths. The World Wars had a drastic impact on the Society's income due to the necessity of the war effort, forcing many of its branches to cease function by the 1950s.
32:, the Naturalist of Selborne", and followed the philosophy of observation rather than collection. Its object was the preservation of birds, plants and pleasant places.
625:
620:
610:
169:
41:
180:
was also encouraged, as shown by the Society's approval of the region's progressive woodland farmers who cultivated quick-growing willow trees.
141:. Although the Society originated from Selborne, it gained national popularity and soon established branches across the United Kingdom.
54:
125:
615:
296:
288:
605:
399:
Informal adult education between the wars: the curious case of the Selbourne Lecture Bureau. FCE Occasional Paper No.6
397:
168:
Preservation of the natural landscape was also advocated by the Selborne Society, such as lauding the actions of the
254:
138:
410:
108:
65:
with royal patronage from Princess Christian, daughter of Queen Victoria. From 1887 it started producing the
93:
to encourage wild gardening and the survival of endangered species also merged into the Selborne Society.
89:. After Britten's death in 1897 the editor was G. S. Boulger. The Parkinson Society founded in 1884 by
509:
497:
250:
530:
Ranlett, John (1983). "Checking Nature's Desecration: Late-Victorian Environmental Organization".
35:
The society was founded by George Arthur Musgrave (1843 – 29 August 1912) and his wife Theresa of
337:
25:
359:
Pioneers of conservation; The Selborne Society and the (Royal) Society for Preservation of Birds
90:
74:
384:
50:
8:
468:
112:
73:. The organization became more organized after a meeting held on 26 January 1888, when
195:
were also another target for the Society's protest. In 1901, articles produced by the
406:
375:
Twice-Told Children's Tales: The Influence of Childhood Reading on Writers for Adults
249:
The Selborne Society acted as a model for international environmental movements. The
505:
460:
77:
was appointed as president. The aim of "education" was added at this meeting. The
224:
The Selborne Society published a members-only magazine for nearly three decades.
158:
120:
46:
599:
570:
The Selborne maganzine and "Nature notes,": the organ of the Selborne society
192:
173:
162:
145:
86:
29:
200:
161:. Preservation also spanned into buildings of cultural importance, such as
116:
59:
Selborne Society for the Preservation of Birds, Plants and Pleasant Places
28:. It was formed in November 1885 to "perpetuate the name and interests of
177:
472:
61:
while the campaigners against the use of birds for fashion formed the
204:
96:
464:
429:"The American Ornithologists' Union Committee on Bird-Protection".
588:
357:
39:
in Devon and it was inspired by Gilbert White's well-known book,
36:
451:
Webb, Wilfred (1913). "The Nature Reserve Movement in Britain".
176:
to prevent the mountain range's disfigurement. Afforestation of
259:
362:. The Selborne Society and Birkbeck College CEPAR, London, UK.
24:
is Britain's oldest national conservation organization and a
291:
THE SELBORNE SOCIETY LIMITED, registered charity no. 267635
310:
Musgrave, George A. (1893). "The Selborne Society".
287:
85:from 1890 under the editorship of Percy Myles and
335:
597:
626:Environmental organizations established in 1885
572:. London: Sotheran & Co.: Selborne Society.
379:; Horatia K.F. Eden, "Preface" in J. H. Ewing,
372:
355:
42:The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne
144:Today, the Selborne Society owns and operates
621:Environmental organisations based in England
611:Animal charities based in the United Kingdom
339:The Selborne Society. Its Origin and History
57:in January 1886 with the full title of the
549:Musgrave, George (1901). "Nature Notes".
244:
126:Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
548:
309:
297:Charity Commission for England and Wales
95:
567:
529:
598:
395:
492:
490:
488:
486:
484:
482:
446:
444:
424:
422:
349:
237:was first published in January 1890.
450:
331:
329:
327:
325:
13:
479:
441:
419:
405:. Birkbeck, University of London.
14:
637:
580:
557:: 122–123 – via HathiTrust.
322:
115:, members of the Society, joined
148:Local Nature Reserve in London.
616:Bird conservation organizations
561:
542:
523:
227:
139:American Ornithological Society
606:1885 establishments in England
437:: 205. 1886 – via JSTOR.
389:
366:
303:
281:
49:which had been founded by the
1:
373:Greenway, Betty, ed. (2013).
274:
131:
51:Reverend Francis Orpen Morris
538:: 197–222 – via JSTOR.
219:
7:
265:
210:
183:
151:
10:
642:
336:Michael Blackmore (1985),
172:who purchased a quarry in
45:. It amalgamated with the
568:Boulger, Simonds (1890).
377:. Routledge. p. 198.
396:Clarke, Richard (2005).
356:Clarke, Richard (2004).
255:American Ornithologists'
251:American Audubon Society
510:2027/mdp.39015048715703
345:, The Selborne Society
245:International response
105:
99:
91:Juliana Horatia Ewing
75:Alfred, Lord Tennyson
502:The Selborne Society
312:The Irish Naturalist
453:Journal of Ecology
207:species of birds.
170:Hills Conservators
113:Hardwicke Rawnsley
106:
26:registered charity
551:Selborne Magazine
532:Victorian Studies
79:Selborne Magazine
71:Selborne Magazine
55:Lady Mount Temple
633:
592:
591:
589:Official website
574:
573:
565:
559:
558:
546:
540:
539:
527:
521:
520:
518:
516:
494:
477:
476:
448:
439:
438:
426:
417:
416:
404:
393:
387:
378:
370:
364:
363:
353:
347:
346:
344:
333:
320:
319:
307:
301:
300:
285:
81:was retitled as
67:Selborne Letters
18:Selborne Society
641:
640:
636:
635:
634:
632:
631:
630:
596:
595:
587:
586:
583:
578:
577:
566:
562:
547:
543:
528:
524:
514:
512:
496:
495:
480:
465:10.2307/2255459
449:
442:
428:
427:
420:
413:
402:
394:
390:
371:
367:
354:
350:
342:
334:
323:
308:
304:
286:
282:
277:
268:
247:
232:
222:
213:
186:
159:northern gannet
154:
134:
69:as well as the
63:Plumage Section
22:Selborne League
12:
11:
5:
639:
629:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
594:
593:
582:
581:External links
579:
576:
575:
560:
541:
522:
498:"Nature Notes"
478:
440:
418:
411:
388:
365:
348:
321:
302:
279:
278:
276:
273:
267:
264:
246:
243:
231:
226:
221:
218:
212:
209:
193:Trophy hunters
185:
182:
153:
150:
133:
130:
121:National Trust
47:Plumage League
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
638:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
603:
601:
590:
585:
584:
571:
564:
556:
552:
545:
537:
533:
526:
511:
507:
503:
499:
493:
491:
489:
487:
485:
483:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
447:
445:
436:
432:
425:
423:
414:
408:
401:
400:
392:
386:
382:
381:Mary's Meadow
376:
369:
361:
360:
352:
341:
340:
332:
330:
328:
326:
317:
313:
306:
298:
294:
292:
284:
280:
272:
263:
261:
256:
252:
242:
238:
236:
230:
225:
217:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
181:
179:
175:
174:Malvern Hills
171:
166:
164:
163:Tintern Abbey
160:
149:
147:
146:Perivale Wood
142:
140:
129:
127:
122:
118:
114:
110:
109:Robert Hunter
103:
98:
94:
92:
88:
87:James Britten
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
43:
38:
33:
31:
30:Gilbert White
27:
23:
19:
569:
563:
554:
550:
544:
535:
531:
525:
513:. Retrieved
501:
456:
452:
434:
430:
398:
391:
380:
374:
368:
358:
351:
338:
315:
311:
305:
290:
283:
269:
248:
239:
235:Nature Notes
234:
233:
229:Nature Notes
228:
223:
214:
201:wood-warbler
197:Nature Notes
196:
191:
187:
167:
155:
143:
135:
119:to form the
117:Octavia Hill
107:
102:Nature Notes
101:
83:Nature Notes
82:
78:
70:
66:
62:
58:
40:
34:
21:
17:
15:
178:East Anglia
600:Categories
515:16 October
412:0907904246
318:: 123–126.
275:References
132:Activities
459:(1): 46.
262:, India.
220:Magazines
205:goldcrest
100:Cover of
504:. 1900.
385:pp. ix-x
266:Finances
211:Lectures
184:Protests
152:Reserves
473:2255459
431:Science
383:(1895)
137:as the
37:Torquay
471:
409:
260:Ceylon
104:(1890)
469:JSTOR
403:(PDF)
343:(PDF)
517:2018
407:ISBN
253:and
203:and
111:and
53:and
16:The
506:hdl
461:doi
20:or
602::
555:12
553:.
536:26
534:.
500:.
481:^
467:.
455:.
443:^
433:.
421:^
324:^
314:.
295:.
165:.
519:.
508::
475:.
463::
457:1
435:7
415:.
316:2
299:.
293:"
289:"
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
