56:
307:), is a non-profit association consisting of university-affiliated science parks, almost entirely based in North America. It defines "university research and science parks" as "property-based ventures with certain characteristics, including master planned property and buildings designed primarily for private/public research and development facilities, high technology and science based companies and support services; contractual, formal or operational relationships with one or more science or research institutions of higher education; roles in promoting the university's research and development through industry partnerships, assisting in the growth of new ventures and promoting economic development; roles in aiding the transfer of technology and business skills between university and industry teams and roles in promoting technology-led economic development for the community or region."
318:), the worldwide network of science parks and areas of innovation, defines a science park as "an organisation managed by specialised professionals, whose main aim is to increase the wealth of its community by promoting the culture of innovation and the competitiveness of its associated businesses and knowledge-based institutions. To enable these goals to be met, a Science Park stimulates and manages the flow of knowledge and technology amongst universities, R&D institutions, companies and markets; it facilitates the creation and growth of innovation-based companies through incubation and spin-off processes; and provides other value-added services together with high quality space and facilities.".
70:
31:
45:
84:
96:
333:, security or any other means; be able to select or reject which firms enter the park". A science park should: "have a clear identity, quite often expressed symbolically, as the park's name choice, its logo or the management discourse; have a management with established or recognized expertise in financial matters, and which has presented long-term economic development plans; have the backing of powerful, dynamic and stable economic actors, such as a funding agency, political institution or local
287:
completed building floor space, hosting circa 40,000 organisations that employ approximately 750,000 people, mostly in high value added jobs. In the period from 2000 – 2012, total capital investment into EU STPs was circa €11.7 billion (central estimate). During the same period, STPs spent circa €3 billion on the professional business support and innovation services they either deliver or finance to assist both their tenants and other similar knowledge based businesses in their locality.
1967:
119:", "technology park", "technopark", "technopolis", "technopole", or a "science and technology park" ) is defined as being a property-based development that accommodates and fosters the growth of tenant firms and that are affiliated with a university (or a government and private research bodies) based on proximity, ownership, and/or governance. This is so that knowledge can be shared, innovation promoted,
325:, was first presented by Regis Cabral in ten points in 1990. According to this management paradigm, a science park must: "have access to qualified research and development personnel in the areas of knowledge in which the park has its identity; be able to market its high valued products and services; have the capability to provide marketing expertise and managerial skills to firms, particularly
286:
Science and technology park (STP) activity across the
European Union has approximately doubled over the last 11–12 years, driven by the growth of the longer standing parks and the emergence of new parks. There are now an estimated 366 STPs in the EU member states that manage about 28 million m2 of
290:
Increasingly, the reasons why STPs are sound investments for public sector support are becoming better understood and articulated. The evidence base shows that better STPs are not simply the landlords of attractive and well specified office style buildings. Rather, they are complex organisations,
1144:
Lindelof, Peter; Lofsten, Hans (2005). "Lindelof, P. and
Lofsten, H. (2005) "Academic versus corporate new technology-based firms in Swedish science parks: an analysis of performance, business networks and financing" Int. J. of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management vol 31 p 334-357".
123:, and research outcomes progressed to viable commercial products. Science parks are also often perceived as contributing to national economic development, stimulating the formation of new high-technology firms, attracting foreign investment and promoting exports.
220:
Science parks may be designed to enhance the quality of life of the workers. For example, they might be built with sports facilities, restaurants, crèches or pleasant outdoor areas. Apart from tenants, science parks create jobs for the local community.
399:
159:. Laffitte had travelled widely and developed a theory of "cross-fertilisation" where individuals could benefit mutually by the exchange of thoughts in many fields including culture, science and the arts.
337:; include in its management an active person of vision, with the power of decision and with the high and visible profile, who is perceived by relevant actors in society as embodying the interface between
1174:"Albahari, A.; Barge-Gil, A.; PĂ©rez-Canto, S.; Modrego, A. (2016) "The influence of Science and Technology Park characteristics on firms' innovation results" Papers in Regional Science vol 97 issue 2"
1035:
Cabral, Regis; Dahab, Sofia
Sapolnik (1998). "Cabral, R. and Dahab, S. (1998) "Science parks in developing countries: the case of BIORIO in Brazil", Int. J. Technology Management vol 16 p. 726-739".
709:
1308:
Echols A. E. and
Meredith J. W. (1998) "A case study of the Virginia Tech Corporation Research Centre in the context of the Cabral-Dahab Paradigm, with comparison to other US research parks" in
291:
often with multiple owners having objectives aligned with important elements of economic development public policy as well as an imperative to be financially self-sustaining in the longer term.
653:
356:
defines
Science technology parks as territories usually affiliated with a university or a research institution, which accommodate and foster the growth of companies based therein through
264:
1090:"Galiyeva, N. and Fusci, D. L. (2018) "Research Proposal for Measuring the Effectiveness of Business Incubators", Journal of Organisational Studies and Innovation Vol 5, no 3, p 32-46"
662:
1117:
Zhang, Yuehua (2005). "Zhang, Y. (2005) "The science park phenomenon: development, evolution and typology", Int. J. of
Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management vol 5 p 138-154".
767:
McCarthy, Ian P.; Silvestre, Bruno S.; von
Nordenflycht, Andrew; Breznitz, Shiri M. (2018). "A typology of university research park strategies: What parks do and why it matters".
1208:"Pedroza Zapata, A. R. and Ortiz Cantú, S. (2018) "Análisis comparativo de parques tecnológicos universitarios bajo el paradigma Cabral-Dahab" Revistas Espacios vol 39 issue 4"
409:
255:, Raleigh lacked space. New possible sites included the state mental-health property and the Diocese of Raleigh property on 1,000 acres (4.0 km) surrounding the
256:
419:
1350:
Economic zones in the ASEAN. Industrial Parks, Special
Economic Zones, Eco-Industrial Parks, Innovation Districts as Strategies for Industrial Competitiveness
213:
Science parks also aim to bring together people who assist the developers of technology to bring their work to commercial fruition, for example, experts in
389:
1423:
1062:
Cabral, Regis (1998). "Cabral R. (1998) "Refining the Cabral-Dahab
Science Park Management Paradigm", Int. J. Technology Management vol 16 p 813-818".
55:
217:. They can be attractive to university students who may interact with prospective employers and encourage students to remain in the local area.
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186:. Science parks may also offer a number of shared resources, such as incubators, programs and collaboration activities,
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329:, lacking such a resource; be inserted in a society that allows for the protection of product or process secrets, via
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and where governments, universities and private companies may collaborate. The developers work in fields such as
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Cabral R. and Dahab S. S. (1993) "Science parks in developing countries: the case of BIORIO in Brazil" in
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Understanding
Research, Science and Technology Parks: Global Best Practices: Report of a Symposium
166:". They provide concentration that foster innovation and the development and commercialization of
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firms, as well as technical service firms, including laboratories and quality control firms".
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Battelle Technology Partnership Practice and Association of University Research Parks (2007)
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Higher Education Engagement in Economic Development: Foundations for Strategy and Practice
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The Cabral-Dahab Science Park Management Paradigm in Asia-Pacific, Europe and the Americas
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ULI Netherlands: Greg Clark discusses technology, real estate and the innovation economy
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Albahari, Alberto; Barge-Gil, Andrés; Pérez-Canto, Salvador; Modrego, Aurelia (2018).
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Characteristics and Trends in North American Research Parks. 21st Century Directions
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Cabral R. (1998) "Refining the Cabral-Dahab Science Park Management Paradigm" in
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Battelle-AURP Report: Characteristics and trends in North American Research Parks
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https://estateintel.com/development-flaghouse-abuja-technology-village-abuja/
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345:, long-term plans and good management; and include a prominent percentage of
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in that they lead to commercialized products from research. They differ from
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1938:
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Technology in the Garden: Research Parks and Regional Economic Development
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are examples of research parks that have been developed by or adjacent to
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1262:"Accra digital centre – Driving digital innovations and entrepreneurship"
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in that they are more organized, planned, and managed. They differ from
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1016:. International Association of Science Parks and Areas of Innovation
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Science parks are specific locations and differ from the wider area
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International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management
952:
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Setting up, managing and Evaluating EU Science and Technology Parks
338:
195:
151:, which was launched in 1959. In 1969, Pierre Laffitte founded the
27:
Area designed to promote science or technology business development
696:
312:
International Association of Science Parks and Areas of Innovation
1913:
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Heilbron J. (ed.) and Cabral R. (2003) "Development, Science" in
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841:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p. 122.
162:
Science parks are elements of the infrastructure of the global "
1953:
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865:
Pastoral Capitalism: A History of Suburban Corporate Landscapes
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there are over 170 science parks. For example, in the 1980s,
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Science parks are found worldwide. They are most common in
199:
1387:
1261:
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135:
was launched in 1951 as a cooperative venture between
1377:
1333:
The Oxford Companion to The History of Modern Science
1357:
University Economic Development Association. (2019)
1982:
835:Luger, Michael I.; Goldstein, Harvey A. (1991).
769:Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
1335:Oxford University Press, New York, p 205 - 207.
1143:
855:
1342:Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
1206:Ortiz, Sara; Pedroza, Alvaro R. (2018-01-30).
1147:International Journal of Technology Management
1064:International Journal of Technology Management
1037:International Journal of Technology Management
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1393:Cabral Dahab Science Park Management Paradigm
828:
323:Cabral-Dahab Science Park Management Paradigm
143:. Another early university research park was
1431:
1205:
498:Sahlgrenska Science Park, Gothenburg, Sweden
464:Isfahan Science and Technology Town (ISTT),
441:Keele University Science & Business Park
131:The world's first university research park,
1034:
495:Lindholmen Science Park, Gothenburg, Sweden
400:National Science and Technology Park (NSTP)
1424:
1410:
1378:International Association of Science Parks
240:which focus on business office locations.
978:"AURP: Creating Communities of Knowledge"
1383:Association of University Research Parks
710:Regional Science Centre and Science Park
479:, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
367:
354:World Intellectual Property Organization
301:Association of University Research Parks
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82:
68:
54:
43:
29:
861:
14:
1983:
1061:
236:which focus on manufacturing and from
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868:. Cambridge: MIT Press. p. 166.
809:
654:University of Wisconsin Research Park
431:, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom
1322:Gregory, C. and Zoneveld, J. (2015)
988:
914:
1238:"Technology Transfer Organizations"
970:
461:, Plymouth, England, United Kingdom
437:, Coventry, England, United Kingdom
24:
1354:, UNIDO Country Office in Vietnam.
1338:National Research Council. (2009)
455:, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
435:University of Warwick Science Park
327:small and medium-sized enterprises
265:Sandia Science and Technology Park
226:high-technology business districts
25:
2002:
1366:
684:WISTA Science and Technology Park
1965:
996:"AURP: What is a research park?"
781:10.1016/j.jengtecman.2018.01.004
663:Gateway University Research Park
443:, Keele, England, United Kingdom
1859:Residential cluster development
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697:https://www.esadecreapolis.com/
600:, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
537:Advanced Manufacturing Park in
449:, York, England, United Kingdom
253:North Carolina State University
210:, and internal transportation.
103:- Science and Technology Park,
87:Science and technology park in
60:Hsinchu Biomedical Science Park
1511:Shopping streets and districts
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563:Research and Innovation System
294:
273:East Tennessee Technology Park
37:, the largest science park in
13:
1:
1310:Int. J. Technology Management
1305:Uminova Centre, UmeĂĄ, Sweden.
1296:Int. J. Technology Management
1272:
753:
642:Arfa Software Technology Park
638:, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
429:Birmingham Science Park Aston
277:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
153:Sophia Antipolis Science Park
126:
1637:Model dwellings for the poor
915:Rowe, David (October 2013).
384:Some science parks include:
188:uninterruptible power supply
7:
1388:UK Science Park Association
862:Mozingo, Louise A. (2011).
721:
632:, BangaloreKarnataka, India
115:(also called a "university
10:
2007:
1348:Morisson A. (August 2005)
1181:Papers in Regional Science
814:. Routledge. p. 584.
667:Greensboro, North Carolina
555:Skolkovo Innovation Center
482:Innovation Campus Lemgo,
380:List of technology centers
377:
371:
1962:
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1131:10.1504/IJEIM.2005.006341
614:, Central Java, Indonesia
517:, Pak Shek Kok, Hong Kong
215:intellectual property law
1433:Real estate developments
1159:10.1504/IJTM.2005.006638
1076:10.1504/IJTM.1998.002694
1049:10.1504/IJTM.1998.002693
812:Encyclopedia of the City
728:Science Parks For School
674:, Amsterdam, Netherlands
592:Technopark, Stellenbosch
586:Technology Centre Teknia
551:, County Durham, England
501:Linköping Science Park,
490:Johanneberg Science Park
410:Abuja Technology Village
1642:Multifamily residential
1301:Cabral R. (ed.) (2003)
1592:Conservation community
982:innovation-america.org
690:Singapore Science Park
680:, Utrecht, Netherlands
672:Amsterdam Science Park
648:Cummings Research Park
607:, West Java, Indonesia
544:Cambridge Science Park
527:Research Triangle Park
515:Hong Kong Science Park
471:Haasrode Research Park
374:List of research parks
257:Lake Raleigh Reservoir
198:, management offices,
172:information technology
145:Research Triangle Park
133:Stanford Research Park
121:technology transferred
108:
92:
80:
66:
52:
49:Cambridge Science Park
41:
1687:Single-room occupancy
1632:Mixed-use development
1617:Intentional community
1602:Golf course community
1464:Mixed-use development
1373:Ankidyne Science Park
1291:, vol 1, p 165 - 178.
810:Caves, R. W. (2004).
650:, Huntsville, Alabama
626:, ZĂĽrich, Switzerland
620:, CĂ´te d'Azur, France
561:Nazarbayev University
533:NanKang Software Park
459:Plymouth Science Park
368:List of science parks
281:US Federal government
98:
86:
72:
58:
47:
33:
1756:Garden city movement
1672:Retirement community
1289:Biotechnology Review
678:Utrecht Science Park
603:Cimahi Techno Park,
566:ABC Science Park in
521:Hsinchu Science Park
492:, Gothenburg, Sweden
477:Purdue Research Park
420:Accra Digital Centre
194:hubs, reception and
1919:Planning permission
1662:Residential airpark
1647:Penthouse apartment
1534:Industrial district
1312:vol 16 p 761 - 777.
1298:vol 16 p 813 - 818.
743:Cluster development
598:Bandung Techno Park
358:technology transfer
259:. The university's
245:developed countries
137:Stanford University
99:Congress center at
74:Kuopio Science Park
1972:Housing portal
1544:Technology centers
1319:retrieved 20/6/19.
1193:10.1111/pirs.12253
1010:"IASP Definitions"
924:. European Union.
901:2008-12-03 at the
738:Business incubator
658:Madison, Wisconsin
610:Solo Techno Park,
509:Turku Science Park
269:NASA Research Park
192:telecommunications
109:
93:
81:
67:
53:
42:
1978:
1977:
1934:Regional planning
1894:Land-use planning
1776:Urban green space
1771:Planned community
1706:Science/education
1652:Private community
1315:Flaghouse (2018)
931:978-92-79-37274-2
686:, Berlin, Germany
630:Bagmane Tech Park
624:Technopark ZĂĽrich
588:, Kuopio, Finland
580:Daedeok Innopolis
523:, Hsinchu, Taiwan
473:, Leuven, Belgium
447:York Science Park
390:NOVI Science Park
261:Centennial Campus
204:convention center
164:knowledge economy
141:City of Palo Alto
16:(Redirected from
1998:
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1723:Satellite campus
1667:Residential area
1622:Luxury apartment
1582:Closed community
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618:Sophia-Antipolis
557:, Moscow, Russia
529:, North Carolina
511:, Turku, Finland
271:at Ames and the
234:industrial parks
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1336:
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1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1253:
1229:
1198:
1187:(2): 253–279.
1164:
1136:
1109:
1081:
1054:
1027:
1001:
987:
969:
944:
930:
907:
888:
874:
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595:
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372:Main article:
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283:laboratories.
238:business parks
149:North Carolina
128:
125:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2003:
1992:
1991:Science parks
1989:
1988:
1986:
1973:
1961:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
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1937:
1935:
1932:
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1929:Redevelopment
1927:
1925:
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1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
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1889:Groundscraper
1887:
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1877:
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1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
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1846:
1844:
1842:Miscellaneous
1840:
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1761:Model village
1759:
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1726:
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1718:Research park
1716:
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1704:
1698:
1697:Tract housing
1695:
1693:
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1477:
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1460:
1457:
1455:
1454:Business park
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1434:
1427:
1422:
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1031:
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953:"Our Members"
948:
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911:
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839:
831:
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821:9780415252256
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636:Genome Valley
634:
631:
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622:
619:
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613:
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584:
582:, South Korea
581:
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569:
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472:
469:
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466:Isfahan, Iran
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254:
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249:North America
246:
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216:
211:
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197:
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177:
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160:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
124:
122:
118:
117:research park
114:
106:
105:Lisbon Region
102:
97:
90:
85:
79:
75:
71:
65:
61:
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50:
46:
40:
36:
32:
19:
1939:Urban design
1864:Construction
1751:Civic center
1728:Science park
1727:
1587:Company town
1486:Power center
1358:
1349:
1339:
1332:
1323:
1309:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1279:
1256:
1245:. Retrieved
1242:www.wipo.int
1241:
1232:
1220:. Retrieved
1215:
1211:
1201:
1184:
1180:
1167:
1153:(3/4): 334.
1150:
1146:
1139:
1122:
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1100:. Retrieved
1096:
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1063:
1057:
1040:
1036:
1030:
1018:. Retrieved
1013:
1004:
990:
981:
972:
962:19 September
960:. Retrieved
956:
947:
935:. Retrieved
917:
910:
891:
881:February 27,
879:. Retrieved
864:
857:
837:
830:
811:
805:
772:
768:
762:
570:, Kazakhstan
424:Accra, Ghana
383:
351:
322:
320:
315:
311:
309:
304:
300:
298:
289:
285:
242:
223:
219:
212:
161:
130:
116:
113:science park
112:
110:
1899:Nonbuilding
1828:Tower block
1692:Subdivision
1554:Residential
1491:Retail park
775:: 110–122.
716:, Rajasthan
692:, Singapore
347:consultancy
295:Definitions
184:engineering
1924:Playground
1823:Skyscraper
1577:City block
1521:Industrial
1496:Riverfront
1441:Commercial
1247:2022-05-05
1070:(8): 813.
1043:(8): 726.
1020:26 October
937:26 October
754:References
644:, Pakistan
568:Nur-Sultan
406:, Pakistan
378:See also:
335:university
168:technology
127:Background
107:, Portugal
51:in England
1806:Apartment
1793:Buildings
1738:Municipal
1627:McMansion
1222:5 January
1102:5 January
1097:mbacademy
789:0923-4748
748:Mega-Site
701:Barcelona
612:Surakarta
574:Innopolis
539:Sheffield
503:Linköping
486:, Germany
416:, Nigeria
404:Islamabad
396:, Denmark
202:offices,
101:Taguspark
1985:Category
1854:Cemetery
1746:Arcology
1562:Agrihood
1273:See also
899:Archived
797:96429706
722:See also
505:, Sweden
453:Catalyst
343:industry
339:academia
196:security
139:and the
91:, Serbia
1914:Parking
1449:Airport
1125:: 138.
703:, Spain
549:NETPark
394:Aalborg
331:patents
208:parking
180:science
78:Finland
1954:Zoning
1713:Campus
1479:inland
928:
872:
845:
818:
795:
787:
714:Jaipur
605:Cimahi
157:France
64:Taiwan
39:Sweden
1949:YIMBY
1904:NIMBY
1833:Villa
1816:types
1811:House
1797:types
1781:parks
1177:(PDF)
1093:(PDF)
922:(PDF)
793:S2CID
484:Lemgo
414:Abuja
247:. In
35:Ideon
1909:Park
1474:Port
1224:2019
1104:2019
1022:2018
1014:IASP
964:2023
957:AURP
939:2018
926:ISBN
905:AURP
883:2023
870:ISBN
843:ISBN
816:ISBN
785:ISSN
360:and
352:The
341:and
321:The
316:IASP
310:The
305:AURP
299:The
200:bank
182:and
1218:(4)
1189:doi
1155:doi
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275:at
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