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22:
405:. One of the breed's characteristics is a long ruff that surrounds the neck and then a strip trails down towards the rear of the dog. They also have longer fur on their hind legs, called culottes. The breed is usually black, but sometimes blonde or cream-colored (some blondes have a silkier coat); very rarely they can have a liver-red coloration. The coat is shiny. Dogs of this breed usually weigh 3–9 kg (6.6–19.8 lb).
131:
436:
years old. There is a known case where a
Schipperke lived to be 18 to 19 years old. Nonetheless, inactivity, lack of exercise, and over-feeding are very harmful, and can lead to joint and skeletal problems and tooth, heart, lung, or digestive conditions. Schipperke's primary orthopedic problem tends
530:
Before the name "Schipperke" was officially taken, the breed was also known colloquially as "Spits" or "Spitzke", a name commonly used to describe a small dog with pointed ears. They were also occasionally called "Moorke", meaning "little black animal". Schipperkes are widely referred to in the
456:
has developed a test for the disease and began accepting samples in April 2003. Clinical signs appear between two and four years of age, and there are no known cures or treatments. The disease affects balance, negotiation of obstacles (such as stairs), and is similar to such lysosomal storage
531:
United States, albeit erroneously, as "Belgian canal barge dogs" or "Belgian ship dogs." Apparently, however, their history dates to a seventeenth-century black shepherd dog commonly called the
Leuvenaar, a 40-pound dog often found in the
421:
The
Schipperke has no particular health problems. The UK Kennel Club survey puts the median lifespan of the breed at 13 years old, with about 20% living to 15 years or more. Of the 36 deceased dogs in the survey, the oldest dog was
753:
519:. However while they were occasionally seen on barges it was not their original or primary function, and in the areas of Leuven and Brussels "scheper" (which sounds similar to "schipper"; a
445:
syndrome (knee and hip disorders, respectively). Some
Schipperkes have demonstrated tendencies to epilepsy, although there are no tests: these seem to be related to genetic transmission.
535:
region of
Belgium and employed to guard flocks and transport. These dogs are apparently the foundational breed for both the modern, and smaller, Schipperke and the modern, and larger,
492:. Schipperkes were first recognized as a formal breed in the 1880s, their standard being written in 1889. Much of what is known of their origins and early history comes from
368:. In their home country of Belgium they are considered a small shepherd. DNA research has shown that Schipperkes have a close relationship to the Spitz family of dog breeds.
778:
453:
550:, the Belgian Resistance used the dogs to run messages between various resistance hideouts and cells, to which occupying Nazi forces were none the wiser.
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of dog that is believed to have originated in the 1600s in
Flanders. There has been a long informal debate over whether this type of dog is a
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452:, a genetic mutation that occurs in at most 15% of the total breed population. It only occurs in Schipperkes. The
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The earlier common references to
Schipperkes suggest that they may have originated in the 1600's in
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The
Institute of Canine Biology DNA study on the Schipperke found the dog to be in the Spitz line --
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1005:
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as a "Duitse scheper") was the word for shepherd, making the name translate as "little shepherd".
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Schipperke is closer to
Pomeranian than Belgian Sheepdog and close to Spitz; inbreeding is rising
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1200:
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DNA research has shown that
Schipperkes have a rising rate of inbreeding in their population.
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type breeds. DNA studies also show a steady increase of inbreeding in Schipperkes.
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465:. The Schipperke is also prone to some other physical problems as reported by the
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laboratory studies have shown that the Schipperke is more closely related to the
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520:
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1020:
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Cream and liver-colored Schipperkes may not currently participate in most shows.
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for "Hunting and Fishing") magazine, articles from which were translated into
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Alexandra Anastasio (January 31, 2017) American Kennel Club official website
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512:
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515:
name "Schipperke" means "little boatman" or "little captain" in the
393:
family. Their pointed ears are erect atop the head. Schipperkes are
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1616:
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645:"Schipperke History: The "Little Captain" of Belgian Dockyards"
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270:
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The Schipperke is a small, sturdy, usually black dog in the
1135:
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Cutting off tails ("docking") is illegal in most of Europe.
768:"New DNA-based Test for Inherited Diseases in Schipperkes"
281:
Official AKC Standard of the Schipperke General Appearance
720:"Individual Breed Results for Purebred Dog Health Survey"
401:
that is covered by a somewhat harsher-feeling and longer
327:
779:
University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine
454:
University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine
216:
Black (common) or Cream (rare) or Red/Liver (very rare)
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
448:The one caveat to the Schipperke's good health is
380:A Schipperke showing the ruff around the neck area
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1912:
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592:
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781:. 2003-04-24. pp. 7, 9. Archived from
277:American Kennel Club, Schipperke breed info
1804:
1790:
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1275:
881:
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129:
639:
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106:Learn how and when to remove this message
539:Belgian Shepherd Dog, also known as the
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412:
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624:
622:
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1913:
756:. UPenn School of Veterinary Medicine.
634:
504:and published by the English magazine
1785:
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1161:Old German Herding Dogs (Altdeutsche)
862:
417:A 12-week-old female Schipperke puppy
351:
251:Fédération Cynologique Internationale
1166:Pastore della Lessinia e del Lagorai
673:"The Schipperke … what's in a name?"
666:
664:
630:"What Was the Schipperke Bred To Do"
617:
44:adding citations to reliable sources
15:
1296:
606:. The Institute of Canine Biology.
13:
754:"Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IIIB"
14:
1947:
1936:Dog breeds originating in Belgium
921:Australian Stumpy Tail Cattle Dog
808:Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
661:
610:from the original on 2017-04-28.
467:Orthopedic Foundation for Animals
1872:
604:www.instituteofcaninebiology.org
314:
20:
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818:
792:
31:needs additional citations for
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746:
737:
712:
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554:Genetic genealogy/DNA research
371:
232:13–16 yrs average, some longer
200:3–9 kg (6.6–19.8 lb)
1:
576:
569:and is very closely tied to
150:Little Black Devil (Belgium)
135:Schipperke ready for action.
7:
1131:Miniature American Shepherd
384:
10:
1952:
800:"Schipperke health survey"
475:
1882:
1869:
1820:
1755:
1712:
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1501:
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1305:
1016:Carea Castellano Manchego
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706:National Purebred Dog Day
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192:31.2 cm (12.3 in) average
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182:33.6 cm (13.2 in) average
175:
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156:
140:
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123:
1393:Black Norwegian Elkhound
1256:White Swiss Shepherd Dog
890:Herding and droving dogs
826:History of the Skipperke
152:Little Captain (Flemish)
1176:Polish Lowland Sheepdog
1146:New Zealand Heading Dog
991:Cane Lupino del Gigante
843:Continental Kennel Club
839:"meet the...Schipperke"
1201:Sardinian Shepherd Dog
824:American Kennel Club,
485:
484:Schipperkes circa 1897
457:diseases in humans as
418:
381:
1355:Mackenzie River husky
1026:Catahoula Leopard Dog
1006:Cão da Serra de Aires
906:Australian Cattle Dog
483:
416:
379:
245:Kennel club standards
1848:Bouvier des Flandres
1843:Bouvier des Ardennes
1812:Dogs originating in
1541:Pembroke Welsh Corgi
1531:Nenets Herding Laika
1511:Cardigan Welsh Corgi
1463:Russo-European Laika
1433:Karelo-Finnish Laika
1171:Pembroke Welsh Corgi
1156:Old English Sheepdog
1141:Nenets Herding Laika
1011:Cardigan Welsh Corgi
976:Bouvier des Flandres
971:Bouvier des Ardennes
743:Skipperke Club, p. 2
702:"Capes and Culottes"
649:American Kennel Club
397:with a soft, fluffy
148:Spitske (until 1888)
144:Spitzke (until 1888)
40:improve this article
1722:Argentine polar dog
1655:American Eskimo Dog
1488:West Siberian Laika
1453:Norwegian Lundehund
1398:East Siberian Laika
1325:Canadian Eskimo Dog
1181:Portuguese Sheepdog
946:Bergamasco Shepherd
926:Basque Shepherd Dog
916:Australian Shepherd
671:Dr. Robert Pollet.
353:[ˈsxɪpərkə]
1689:Northern Inuit Dog
1521:Icelandic Sheepdog
1448:Norwegian Elkhound
1408:Hällefors Elkhound
1350:Kamchatka Sled Dog
1121:Magellan sheep dog
1096:Icelandic Sheepdog
683:on October 9, 2014
486:
419:
382:
146:Spits (until 1888)
1908:
1907:
1779:
1778:
1632:Thai Bangkaew Dog
1592:Hmong bobtail dog
1428:Karelian Bear Dog
1335:Chukotka sled dog
1264:
1263:
1226:Spanish Water Dog
1216:Shetland Sheepdog
1196:Pyrenean Sheepdog
1111:Lancashire Heeler
1076:Garafian Shepherd
1071:Galician Palleiro
1046:Croatian Sheepdog
961:Bohemian Shepherd
911:Australian Kelpie
463:Gaucher's disease
459:Tay–Sachs disease
306:
305:
261:
260:
236:
235:
116:
115:
108:
90:
1943:
1877:
1876:
1853:Brussels Griffon
1828:Belgian Shepherd
1806:
1799:
1792:
1783:
1782:
1747:Tahltan Bear Dog
1704:Volpino Italiano
1650:Alaskan Klee Kai
1551:Swedish Vallhund
1546:Swedish Lapphund
1536:Norwegian Buhund
1526:Lapponian Herder
1516:Finnish Lapphund
1320:Alaskan Malamute
1291:
1284:
1277:
1268:
1267:
1236:Swedish Vallhund
1231:Swedish Lapphund
1151:Norwegian Buhund
1116:Lapponian Herder
1066:Finnish Lapphund
1061:Faroese Sheepdog
1056:English Shepherd
1031:Catalan Sheepdog
941:Belgian Shepherd
883:
876:
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860:
859:
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852:
850:
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835:
829:
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816:
815:
810:. Archived from
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722:. Archived from
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710:
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688:
679:. Archived from
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659:
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641:
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615:
614:
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567:Belgian sheepdog
523:dog is known in
517:Flemish language
439:luxating patella
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221:Litter size
208:Double, low shed
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167:
141:Common nicknames
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24:
16:
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1910:
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1904:
1890:Belgian Mastiff
1878:
1871:
1867:
1816:
1810:
1780:
1775:
1751:
1742:Salish Wool Dog
1732:Hare Indian Dog
1708:
1636:
1555:
1497:
1443:Norrbottenspets
1379:
1301:
1295:
1265:
1260:
1241:Tibetan Terrier
1086:German Shepherd
1081:Gaucho sheepdog
1041:Collie (Smooth)
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887:
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777:. No. 56.
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521:German Shepherd
506:The Stockkeeper
494:Chasse et Pêche
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1714:Extinct breeds
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1642:Companion dogs
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1609:
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1602:Japanese Spitz
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1405:
1400:
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1389:
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1375:Sakhalin Husky
1372:
1370:Yakutian Laika
1367:
1365:Siberian Husky
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1357:
1352:
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1342:
1337:
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1327:
1322:
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1303:
1302:
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1279:
1271:
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1259:
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1253:
1251:White Shepherd
1248:
1246:Welsh Sheepdog
1243:
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1218:
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1073:
1068:
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1058:
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1051:Dutch Shepherd
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1038:
1036:Collie (Rough)
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
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1008:
1003:
1001:Cane Toccatore
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
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958:
953:
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931:Bearded Collie
928:
923:
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908:
903:
897:
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863:
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814:on 2009-11-30.
791:
788:on 2010-06-18.
775:The Bellwether
759:
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711:
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633:
616:
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563:Pomeranian dog
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269:Breed Family:
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229:Life span
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26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
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1895:Bullenbeisser
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1612:Kintamani dog
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1608:
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1600:
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726:on 2013-08-13
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1926:Herding dogs
1921:Spitz breeds
1900:Talbot Hound
1862:
1838:Bichon Frisé
1759:
1699:Tonya Finosu
1693:
1683:(Zwergspitz)
1670:German Spitz
1660:Danish Spitz
1597:Indian Spitz
1560:Asian breeds
1503:Herding dogs
1385:Hunting dogs
1210:
1021:Carea Leonés
986:Can de Chira
846:. Retrieved
842:
833:
828:, AKC, 2013.
820:
812:the original
803:
794:
783:the original
774:
762:
748:
739:
728:. Retrieved
724:the original
714:
705:
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685:. Retrieved
681:the original
676:
652:. Retrieved
648:
611:
603:
600:"Schipperke"
557:
548:World War II
545:
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471:
447:
443:Legg-Perthes
420:
388:
309:
307:
299:domestic dog
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
55:"Schipperke"
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1677:(Wolfspitz)
1587:Donggyeongi
1458:Pungsan dog
1206:Schapendoes
541:Groenendael
372:Description
1931:FCI breeds
1915:Categories
1863:Schipperke
1833:Bloodhound
1727:Guejae Gae
1694:Schipperke
1681:Pomeranian
1622:Ryukyu dog
1572:Bắc Hà dog
1483:Taiwan Dog
1298:Spitz-type
1221:Smithfield
1211:Schipperke
848:2019-03-22
730:2012-06-27
687:2019-03-22
654:2023-11-15
577:References
403:outer coat
310:Schipperke
124:Schipperke
66:newspapers
1737:Hütespitz
1577:Chow Chow
1468:Shiba Inu
1438:Kishu Ken
1340:Eurohound
1307:Sled dogs
1126:McNab dog
956:Blue Lacy
936:Beauceron
565:than the
399:undercoat
118:Dog breed
96:June 2007
1675:Keeshond
1665:Eurasier
1627:Shar Pei
1617:Nureongi
1607:Jeju dog
1582:Dikkulak
1478:Jämthund
1413:Hokkaido
1091:Huntaway
804:offa.org
608:Archived
490:Flanders
450:MPS IIIB
385:Physical
366:sheepdog
256:standard
1883:Extinct
1858:Phalène
1814:Belgium
1493:Zerdava
1473:Shikoku
1423:Kai Ken
1360:Samoyed
1330:Chinook
533:Louvain
502:English
476:History
431:⁄
189:Females
161:Belgium
80:scholar
1821:Extant
1760:Types:
1106:Koolie
981:Briard
901:Armant
498:French
437:to be
409:Health
349:Dutch:
213:Colour
197:Weight
176:Height
171:Traits
157:Origin
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
1771:Tugou
1767:Laika
1763:Husky
1567:Akita
1418:Jindo
786:(PDF)
771:(PDF)
571:Spitz
537:Black
525:Dutch
513:breed
391:Spitz
362:spitz
358:breed
271:Spitz
266:Notes
179:Males
87:JSTOR
73:books
1300:dogs
1191:Pumi
1186:Puli
1136:Mudi
511:The
461:and
441:and
205:Coat
59:news
559:DNA
546:In
294:Dog
224:3–7
42:by
1917::
1769:,
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