296:
There are several clusters of
Adamawa languages; among the Gur languages, only the core of that proposal (Central Gur) has been retained, though it is possible that some of the 'peripheral' languages may turn out to be related to each other. Kleinewillinghöfer et al. (2012) note that a reconstruction
265:
The GurâAdamawa link was demonstrated in
Kleinewillinghöfer (1996) and has been accepted as established by later researchers, who have gone further in noting that the Adamawa and Gur languages themselves do not form coherent groups and are not necessarily more closely related internally than they are
531:
Kleinewillinghöfer et al. (2012) note that the reconstruction of the noun-class system indicates that Waja ('TulaâWaja') and LekoâNimbari ('SamaâDuru') (and possibly other
Adamawa groups) belong with Central Gur, and that the noun-class system they reconstruct for these languages is akin to those of
314:
family from NigerâCongo altogether, stating that it "probably constitutes an independent language family that cannot or can no longer be shown to be related to NigerâCongo (or any other family)," though the
Ubangian languages are themselves not a valid group, and the Gbaya branch may turn out to be
318:
Apart from such exceptions, Dimmendaal notes that the
Savanna languages "can be shown to be genetically related beyond any reasonable doubt. The evidence is not only lexical in nature, it is based primarily on a range of cognate grammatical morphemes."
540:
GĂŒldemann (2018) recognises the following coherent "genealogical units" (8 Gur, 14 Adamawa, and 7 Ubangi) but is agnostic about their positions within Niger-Congo.
1068:. âLinguistisches Kolloquiumâ, Seminar fĂŒr Afrikawissenschaften, 04 Februar 2014. Institut fĂŒr Asien- und Afrikawissenschaften, Humboldt-UniversitĂ€t zu Berlin.
1177:
1016:
Bennett, Patrick R. 1983. Adamawa-Eastern: problems and prospects. - in: Dihoff, I. R. (ed.) Current
Approaches to African Linguistics. Vol. 1: 23-48.
1144:
764:
Below is a list of major
Savannas (Adamawa) branches and their primary locations (centres of diversity) within Nigeria based on Blench (2019).
1065:
1026:
1052:
1170:
1095:
1078:
GĂŒldemann, Tom (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa". In GĂŒldemann, Tom (ed.).
2278:
953:
937:
1163:
969:
855:
336:
Kleinewillinghöfer (2014) notes that many "Adamawa" languages in fact share more similarities with various (Central)
17:
1133:
307:(ex-Adamawa) are excluded from Savannas, as they appear to be some of the more divergent branches of NigerâCongo.
2247:
803:
2014:
1195:
422:
254:
69:
2107:
1518:
1504:
835:
410:
2283:
2058:
2007:
1561:
1529:
823:
396:
160:
128:
2221:
1620:
1447:
1438:
1248:
1186:
697:
243:
74:
63:
1908:
1641:
1229:
786:
464:
50:
2257:
1888:
1866:
1708:
1497:
1341:
1298:
1222:
912:
613:
591:
460:
286:
118:
2288:
2021:
1038:
Gerrit
Dimmendaal, 2008, "Language Ecology and Linguistic Diversity on the African Continent",
876:
486:
478:
432:
340:
than with other
Adamawa languages, and proposes that early Gur-Adamawa speakers had cultivated
173:
1139:
Rapid appraisal and lexicostatistical analysis surveys of Dama, Mono, Pam, Ndai and Oblo (PDF)
352:
The
Savannas languages, with an agnostic approach to internal classification, are as follows:
2198:
2077:
1879:
1760:
1598:
1488:
1082:. The World of Linguistics series. Vol. 11. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 58â444.
557:
330:
1003:
Kleinewillinghöfer, Ulrich. 1996. 'Relationship between Adamawa and Gur: The case of Waja.'
2252:
630:
278:
8:
1753:
1545:
625:
282:
1693:
1463:
1374:
707:
508:
456:
326:
189:
178:
104:
1141:
by Michael & Charlene Ayotte, 2002. SIL Electronic Survey Reports SILESR 2002-048.
1138:
221:
2086:
1993:
1662:
1477:
1331:
1305:
1285:
1213:
1150:
1091:
735:
686:
645:
605:
562:
366:
134:
122:
100:
2154:
2100:
2093:
2051:
2000:
1816:
1676:
1669:
1605:
1577:
1538:
1470:
1410:
1404:
1348:
1279:
1266:
1083:
864:
730:
640:
619:
596:
468:
426:
311:
300:
290:
247:
2137:
2130:
2124:
2045:
1898:
1894:
1850:
1836:
1723:
1648:
1591:
1584:
1570:
1511:
1423:
1390:
1383:
740:
720:
715:
568:
514:
501:
373:
183:
140:
58:
2213:
2206:
2168:
2160:
1986:
1942:
1874:
1791:
1735:
1687:
1634:
1628:
1551:
1416:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1291:
1272:
978:
900:
844:
745:
651:
635:
586:
580:
574:
482:
474:
436:
418:
414:
403:
389:
381:
304:
166:
154:
147:
1087:
528:
was left unclassified within Adamawa, and has not been addressed in Savannas.
2272:
2229:
2175:
2040:
1952:
1947:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1883:
1829:
1823:
1809:
1802:
1747:
1741:
1730:
1717:
1655:
1397:
1336:
1325:
1316:
1261:
1255:
1236:
982:
974:
930:
926:
904:
894:
882:
848:
808:
796:
725:
662:
657:
549:
525:
444:
440:
361:
337:
297:
of proto-Central Gur noun classes needs to include several Adamawa families.
250:
205:
196:
113:
96:
1956:
1920:
1916:
1796:
1766:
1682:
1242:
962:
958:
946:
942:
922:
918:
886:
828:
812:
675:
668:
494:
449:
322:
273:
branch consisting of Gurunsi, "Ubangian", and Trans-Benue groups, with the
46:
1782:
868:
341:
1155:
840:
1145:
Vocabulaires comparés des instruments aratoires dans le Nord-Cameroun
215:
860:
816:
1025:
Miehe, Kleinewillinghöfer, von Roncador, & Winkelmann, 2012. "
1118:(4th ed.). Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
2191:
792:
1777:
759:
2270:
532:Bantu, Senufo, Tiefo, Vyemo, Tusya, and "Samu".
1109:
1107:
1171:
772:Distributions of Adamawa branches in Nigeria
344:and millet in a wooded savanna environment.
260:
1104:
1178:
1164:
1077:
333:) rather than an actual coherent branch.
277:group consisting of the Burak-Jen (i.e.,
1185:
1071:
1080:The Languages and Linguistics of Africa
14:
2271:
1113:
1159:
325:(2012) considers Gur-Adamawa to be a
1027:Overview of noun classes in Gur (II)
543:
269:Bennett (1983) had also mentioned a
535:
24:
1064:Kleinewillinghöfer, Ulrich. 2014.
25:
2300:
1126:
413:a.k.a. LekoâNimbari (ex-Adamawa:
369:(a.k.a. "KulangoâLorhon": ex-Gur)
1053:Niger-Congo: an alternative view
1040:Language and Linguistics Compass
760:Branches and locations (Nigeria)
1005:Gur Papers / Cahiers Voltaiques
310:Dimmendaal (2008) excludes the
1116:An Atlas of Nigerian Languages
1058:
1045:
1032:
1019:
1010:
997:
13:
1:
2052:Samogo (partial: DuunâSembla)
990:
347:
7:
2008:SosoâJalonke (SusuâYalunka)
10:
2305:
377:(a.k.a. "BaatonƩ": ex-Gur)
2240:
2184:
2147:
2117:
2076:
2031:
1976:
1969:
1907:
1865:
1858:
1849:
1775:
1707:
1619:
1560:
1528:
1487:
1455:
1446:
1437:
1373:
1315:
1212:
1203:
1194:
1134:List of Adamawa languages
1088:10.1515/9783110421668-002
271:North Central Niger-Congo
261:History of classification
214:
91:
59:Linguistic classification
57:
39:
34:
29:
1114:Blench, Roger (2019).
407:(a.k.a. "Win": ex-Gur)
2279:VoltaâCongo languages
1151:Adamawa-Gur languages
1051:Blench, Roger. 2012.
244:NigerâCongo languages
242:, is a branch of the
45:West Africa, around
1405:Ngbaka (MunduâBaka)
774:
2015:Southwestern Mande
781:Primary locations
770:
327:language continuum
232:Savannas languages
2284:Adamawa languages
2266:
2265:
2248:Proto-NigerâCongo
2072:
2071:
2068:
2067:
1965:
1964:
1845:
1844:
1703:
1702:
1615:
1614:
1519:Upper Cross River
1505:Lower Cross River
1433:
1432:
1273:Mbum (KebiâBenue)
1097:978-3-11-042606-9
988:
987:
756:
755:
281:), Yungur (i.e.,
228:
227:
18:Savanna languages
16:(Redirected from
2296:
2222:Serengeti-Dorobo
2034:(SamogoâSoninke)
1979:(MandingâKpelle)
1974:
1973:
1863:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1562:Southern Bantoid
1530:Northern Bantoid
1453:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1210:
1209:
1201:
1200:
1180:
1173:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1120:
1119:
1111:
1102:
1101:
1075:
1069:
1062:
1056:
1049:
1043:
1036:
1030:
1023:
1017:
1014:
1008:
1001:
775:
769:
544:
536:GĂŒldemann (2018)
315:related to Gur.
234:, also known as
224:
27:
26:
21:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2293:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2262:
2241:Proto-languages
2236:
2180:
2143:
2113:
2064:
2033:
2027:
1978:
1961:
1903:
1841:
1780:
1771:
1699:
1611:
1556:
1524:
1483:
1429:
1369:
1311:
1190:
1184:
1129:
1124:
1123:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1076:
1072:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1046:
1037:
1033:
1024:
1020:
1015:
1011:
1002:
998:
993:
767:
762:
757:
538:
522:
357:Savannas
350:
266:to each other.
263:
255:AdamawaâUbangui
220:
109:
108:
49:in the west to
41:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2302:
2292:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2258:Proto-Yoruboid
2255:
2250:
2244:
2242:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2226:
2217:
2211:
2203:
2195:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2165:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2082:
2080:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2065:
2063:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1982:
1980:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1950:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1913:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1892:
1889:Samo (Burkina)
1886:
1877:
1871:
1869:
1860:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1839:
1834:
1826:
1821:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1786:
1773:
1772:
1770:
1769:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1745:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1713:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1610:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1459:
1457:
1450:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1431:
1430:
1428:
1427:
1420:
1413:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1379:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1345:
1342:Samo (Burkina)
1339:
1334:
1329:
1321:
1319:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1306:Yendang (Maya)
1302:
1295:
1288:
1286:Nyingwom (Kam)
1283:
1276:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1252:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1218:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1196:AtlanticâCongo
1192:
1191:
1183:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1132:Blench (2004)
1128:
1127:External links
1125:
1122:
1121:
1103:
1096:
1070:
1057:
1044:
1031:
1018:
1009:
995:
994:
992:
989:
986:
985:
972:
966:
965:
956:
950:
949:
940:
934:
933:
916:
908:
907:
898:
890:
889:
880:
872:
871:
858:
852:
851:
838:
832:
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826:
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753:
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718:
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711:
703:
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609:
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584:
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572:
565:
560:
554:
553:
542:
537:
534:
521:
520:
519:
518:
511:
505:
499:
498:(a.k.a. "Kwa")
490:
472:
454:
430:
408:
400:
394:
386:
378:
370:
364:
354:
349:
346:
262:
259:
246:that includes
226:
225:
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212:
211:
210:
209:
201:
192:
186:
181:
176:
171:
163:
158:
151:
144:
137:
132:
131:(close to Gur)
126:
125:(close to Gur)
116:
93:
89:
88:
87:
86:
85:
84:
83:
82:
70:AtlanticâCongo
61:
55:
54:
43:
37:
36:
32:
31:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2301:
2290:
2289:Gur languages
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2231:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2133:
2132:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2108:TalodiâHeiban
2105:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2075:
2061:
2060:
2056:
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2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1922:
1918:
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1914:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1900:
1896:
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1890:
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1870:
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1861:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1818:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
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1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1709:West Atlantic
1706:
1696:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1674:
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1627:
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1624:
1622:
1618:
1608:
1607:
1603:
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1600:
1596:
1594:
1593:
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1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1498:Central Delta
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1406:
1402:
1400:
1399:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1372:
1366:
1363:
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1358:
1356:
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1351:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1130:
1117:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1061:
1054:
1048:
1041:
1035:
1028:
1022:
1013:
1006:
1000:
996:
984:
983:Adamawa State
980:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
964:
960:
957:
955:
952:
951:
948:
944:
941:
939:
936:
935:
932:
931:Adamawa State
928:
924:
920:
917:
915:
914:
910:
909:
906:
905:Adamawa State
902:
899:
897:
896:
892:
891:
888:
884:
881:
879:
878:
874:
873:
870:
866:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
850:
849:Adamawa State
846:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
818:
814:
810:
807:
805:
802:
801:
798:
797:Adamawa State
794:
791:
788:
785:
784:
780:
777:
776:
773:
768:
765:
752:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
713:
709:
706:
705:
704:
700:
699:
695:
693:
689:
688:
684:
682:
678:
677:
673:
671:
670:
666:
664:
661:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
621:
617:
615:
612:
611:
607:
604:
603:
602:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
583:
582:
578:
576:
573:
571:
570:
566:
564:
561:
559:
558:(Central) Gur
556:
555:
551:
548:
547:
546:
545:
541:
533:
529:
527:
526:Oblo language
524:The moribund
517:(ex-Ubangian)
516:
512:
510:
506:
504:(ex-Ubangian)
503:
500:
497:
496:
491:
488:
484:
481:(ex-Adamawa:
480:
476:
473:
470:
466:
462:
459:(ex-Adamawa:
458:
455:
452:
451:
446:
442:
438:
435:(ex-Adamawa:
434:
431:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
411:ChambaâMumuye
409:
406:
405:
401:
398:
395:
392:
391:
387:
384:
383:
379:
376:
375:
371:
368:
365:
363:
359:
358:
356:
355:
353:
345:
343:
339:
338:Gur languages
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
313:
308:
306:
303:(ex-Gur) and
302:
298:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
267:
258:
256:
252:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
223:
219:
217:
213:
208:
207:
202:
200:
198:
193:
191:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
168:
164:
162:
159:
157:
156:
152:
150:
149:
145:
143:
142:
138:
136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
120:
117:
115:
111:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
81:
78:
77:
76:
73:
72:
71:
68:
67:
65:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
38:
33:
28:
19:
2228:
2220:
2205:
2199:Dima-Bottego
2197:
2185:Unclassified
2167:
2159:
2136:
2129:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2059:SoninkeâBozo
2057:
2050:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1977:Central West
1828:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1759:
1752:
1740:
1716:
1692:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1544:
1537:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1422:
1417:Sere (Ndogo)
1415:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1347:
1324:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1278:
1271:
1254:
1247:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1204:
1115:
1079:
1073:
1060:
1047:
1039:
1034:
1021:
1012:
1004:
999:
963:Taraba State
959:Karim Lamido
947:Taraba State
943:Karim Lamido
923:Taraba State
919:Karim Lamido
911:
893:
887:Taraba State
875:
829:Taraba State
771:
766:
763:
750:
696:
691:
685:
680:
674:
667:
618:
579:
567:
539:
530:
523:
493:
448:
402:
397:WaraâNatyoro
388:
380:
372:
351:
335:
323:Roger Blench
321:
317:
309:
299:
295:
274:
270:
268:
264:
239:
235:
231:
229:
204:
195:
165:
161:WaraâNatyoro
153:
146:
139:
129:LekoâNimbari
92:Subdivisions
79:
47:Burkina Faso
42:distribution
2253:Proto-Bantu
2078:Kordofanian
2046:Jowulu (JÉ)
1783:Ivory Coast
1761:Senegambian
1621:VoltaâNiger
1599:Grassfields
1489:Cross River
1448:BenueâCongo
1439:VoltaâCongo
1326:Central Gur
1187:NigerâCongo
1147:, Tourneaux
869:Gombe State
648:(Yendangic)
342:guinea corn
293:subgroups.
275:Trans-Benue
248:Greenberg's
240:AdamawaâGur
236:GurâAdamawa
103:, possibly
75:VoltaâCongo
64:NigerâCongo
53:in the east
35:GurâAdamawa
2273:Categories
1642:AyereâAhan
1292:SambaâDuru
1262:Kwah (Baa)
1230:BikwinâJen
991:References
841:Mayo Belwa
731:Mundu-Baka
652:Kebi-Benue
636:Samba-Duru
631:Bikwin-Jen
360:(Central)
279:Bikwin-Jen
257:families.
112:(Central)
99:, most ex-
40:Geographic
2032:Northwest
1859:Southeast
1754:Rio Nunez
1546:Mambiloid
1299:TulaâWaja
1223:BenaâMboi
626:Bena-Mboi
614:Tula-Waja
563:Kulangoic
348:Languages
283:Bena-Mboi
216:Glottolog
2225:" ?
2148:Isolates
2022:VaiâKono
1909:Southern
1776:Others (
1694:Yoruboid
1464:Jukunoid
1375:Ubangian
1205:Savannas
1189:branches
1042:2/5:841.
1007:1.25â46.
861:Kaltungo
817:Cameroon
815:States;
736:Ngbandic
687:Nyingwom
654:(Mbumic)
509:Ubangian
457:Bambukic
447:, &
433:MbumâDay
399:(ex-Gur)
393:(ex-Gur)
385:(ex-Gur)
312:Ubangian
222:nort3149
190:Ubangian
179:Bambukic
174:MbumâDay
105:Ubangian
95:most ex-
80:Savannas
30:Savannas
2233: ?
2216: ?
2210: ?
2202: ?
2194: ?
2172: ?
2164: ?
2155:Bangime
1994:Manding
1891: ?
1867:Eastern
1833: ?
1820: ?
1817:Mangree
1663:Idomoid
1478:Plateau
1456:Platoid
1411:Ngbandi
1344: ?
1332:Kulango
1267:Longuda
1214:Adamawa
1066:Adamawa
865:Balanga
836:Yendang
809:Adamawa
746:Ndogoic
741:Bandaic
716:Gbayaic
641:Mumuyic
620:Longuda
606:Adamawa
367:Kulango
331:linkage
291:Longuda
285:), and
135:Kulango
101:Adamawa
2192:Degere
2125:Defaka
2118:Others
2101:Rashad
2094:Lafofa
2001:Mokole
1899:Tyenga
1895:Shanga
1837:Siamou
1724:Bijago
1677:Nupoid
1670:Igboid
1606:Tivoid
1578:Beboid
1539:Dakoid
1471:Kainji
1360:Tusian
1349:Senufo
1337:Miyobe
1280:Mumuye
1094:
981:LGAs,
970:Yungur
954:Bikwin
867:LGAs,
847:LGAs,
824:Mumuye
813:Taraba
793:Fufore
789:(Vere)
778:Branch
751:
721:Zandic
708:Ubangi
597:Senufo
592:Samuic
587:Tusian
569:Miyobe
374:Bariba
301:Senufo
141:Bariba
2214:Rimba
2207:Omaio
2169:Komta
2161:Jalaa
2138:Ijoid
2131:Dogon
2087:Katla
1943:Yaure
1875:Bissa
1851:Mande
1792:Dompo
1778:Ghana
1736:Limba
1688:Ukaan
1649:Edoid
1635:Akpes
1629:Akoko
1592:Ekoid
1585:Bendi
1571:Bantu
1552:Tikar
1512:Ogoni
1424:Zande
1391:Gbaya
1384:Banda
1365:Viemo
1355:Tiefo
979:Guyuk
961:LGA,
945:LGA,
929:LGA,
921:LGA,
903:LGA,
901:Numan
885:LGA,
845:Numan
795:LGA,
726:Mbaic
663:Buaic
658:Kimic
581:Viemo
575:Tiefo
515:Zande
502:Gbaya
404:Tusya
390:Tiefo
382:Vyemo
199:(Kwa)
184:Gbaya
169:(Win)
167:Tusya
155:Tiefo
148:Vyemo
2230:Wawu
2176:Laal
2041:Bobo
1987:Jogo
1970:West
1948:Mano
1939:Guro
1934:Beng
1930:Gban
1925:Tura
1884:Boko
1880:Busa
1830:Mpra
1824:Mbre
1781:and
1748:Nalu
1731:Gola
1249:Fali
1092:ISBN
977:and
975:Song
927:Yola
925:and
913:Laka
883:Bali
863:and
856:Waja
843:and
811:and
804:Leko
787:Duru
710:area
698:Fali
646:Maya
608:area
552:area
475:Waja
305:Fali
287:Tula
253:and
230:The
206:Oblo
119:Waja
1957:Wan
1953:Mwa
1921:Goo
1917:Dan
1810:Kwa
1803:Kru
1797:Ega
1767:Sua
1742:Mel
1718:Bak
1683:Oko
1656:Gbe
1398:Mba
1317:Gur
1256:Kim
1243:Day
1237:Bua
1084:doi
938:Jen
895:Baa
877:Kam
692:Kam
681:Kwa
676:Baa
669:Day
550:Gur
495:Baa
479:Kam
469:G10
450:Day
445:G14
441:G13
427:G12
362:Gur
251:Gur
238:or
197:Baa
123:Kam
114:Gur
97:Gur
51:CAR
2275::
1106:^
1090:.
690:=
679:=
513:?
507:?
492:?
487:G8
485:,
483:G1
467:,
465:G9
463:,
461:G7
443:,
439:,
437:G6
425:,
423:G5
421:,
419:G4
417:,
415:G2
203:?
194:?
188:?
2219:"
1955:â
1941:â
1932:â
1923:â
1919:â
1897:â
1882:â
1785:)
1179:e
1172:t
1165:v
1100:.
1086::
1055:.
1029:"
489:)
477:â
471:)
453:)
429:)
329:(
289:-
121:â
107::
66:?
20:)
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