20:
85:, as these new towns were called by the local Hausa people. The Cantonments Proclamation of 1914 institutionalized this system of residential segregation. The Sabon Garuruwa became Native Reservations, officially reserved for employees of the government and commercial firms, and in practice inhabited by residents not indigenous to Northern Nigeria.
89:
directly to
British rule. Residents of Sabon Garis were granted more rights than those under the authority of the local emir. For instance, they had the opportunity to send representatives to the advisory board (court) responsible for their township and could choose between courts that applied either Muslim or British law.
164:
Trade is a major component of the Sabon Gari LGA's economy. The region is home to a number of markets, including the large Sabon Gari Zaria and Samaru Zaria markets, which draw thousands of buyers and sellers of various goods. The Local
Government Area is home to a thriving agricultural industry that
61:
Before the
British arrived in Northern Nigeria in 1900, there were already established communities of strangers who lived separately from the indigenous population. These communities, found in Northern Nigeria and other parts of West Africa, maintained their segregation from the Hausa population due
130:
Over time, the initially strict residential segregation would partially break down. Eventually, a typical Sabon Gari would house a diversity of people from all parts of
Nigeria and to a lesser extent from other parts of West Africa. For example, in 1939 various ethnic groups were represented in the
88:
Under
British colonial rule, power in Northern Nigeria was indirectly exercised through the emirs, who remained part of the colonial administration. Initially, the emirs administered the Sabon Garurus, but the Township Ordinance of 1917 shifted the administration of these areas and their residents
310:
Repeated outbursts of violence between June and
October 1966 peaked in massacres against Igbos living in the Sabon Gari, the 'foreigners' quarters' of northern Nigerian towns. According to estimates, these riots claimed the lives of tens of thousands. This violence drove a stream of more than a
173:
Even today, Sabon
Garuruwa are predominantly inhabited by people from Southern Nigeria. Ethnic and religious tensions between groups from southern and northern Nigeria lead to frequent riots and civil unrest in the Sabon Garuruwa of northern cities. With the introduction of
108:, which never had a Sabon Gari. A typical city or town in Northern Nigeria would consist of the old city within fortified walls and inhabited by indigenous Hausa or Fulani people. The Sabon Gari would house immigrants mostly from Southern Nigeria. The
155:
The estimated average temperature in Sabon Gari Local
Government Area is 32 °C. The Local Government Area has two distinct seasons: the dry and the wet. The average wind speed in the Local Government Area is 9 km/h.
178:
law in some of the
Northern states of Nigeria, some Sabon Garuruwa with its predominantly Christian population have become the place commonly known for it forbidden activities like alcohol consumption and gambling.
66:. With the passage of time, the composition of these communities began to change, and today, apart from Kano in Northern Nigeria, the Sabon Garis have become areas of mixed habitation.
165:
grows a wide range of commodities. The residents of Sabon Gari Local
Government Area also work in leather goods, hunting, and animal rearing, which are key businesses.
127:. These pogroms killed an estimated 8,000 to 30,000 Igbo, half of them children, and caused more than a million to two million to flee to the Eastern Region.
73:
and the construction of new railway lines led to a large influx of laborers and traders from Southern Nigeria. The immigrants, which were mostly
258:
112:
would house people from Northern Nigeria that were not indigenous to the local area. Europeans would live in the European Reservation Areas.
479:
62:
to religious beliefs. However, despite their separation, these communities were still subjected to the authority of the local
423:
226:
The fate of Africa : from the hopes of freedom to the heart of despair : a history of fifty years of independence
348:
King, Lamont (2003). "From Caliphate To Protectorate: Ethnicity And The Colonial Sabon Gari System In Northern Nigeria".
456:
332:
234:
518:
194:
According to the 2016 Nigeria population census the Sabon Gari Local Government is populated with 393,300.
406:
383:
203:
124:
273:
441:
Proceedings of the 25th International Conference Companion on World Wide Web - WWW '16 Companion
120:
116:
8:
311:
million refugees to the Eastern Region, the 'homeland' of the Igbos' diasporic community.
92:
Sabon Garuruwa were established in all major cities of Northern Nigeria, most notably in
462:
365:
301:
252:
452:
419:
369:
328:
305:
293:
240:
230:
466:
444:
357:
285:
119:
abolished the Nigerian federation in 1966 with Decree no. 34, it led to widespread
70:
42:
528:
289:
34:
523:
512:
494:
481:
436:
297:
184:
140:
78:
448:
274:"The Nigeria–Biafra war: postcolonial conflict and the question of genocide"
244:
132:
361:
19:
224:
144:
136:
93:
74:
435:
Rizos, Georgios; Papadopoulos, Symeon; Kompatsiaris, Yiannis (2016).
105:
50:
180:
175:
97:
434:
418:
Jolijn Geels. Niger. Bradt UK/ Globe Pequot Press USA (2006)
188:
101:
46:
63:
16:
Section of cities and towns in Nigeria, Niger and Cameroon
437:"Predicting News Popularity by Mining Online Discussions"
191:'s Hausa speaking southeast retain Sabon Gari districts.
443:. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press. pp. 737–742.
69:
The establishment of British colonial rule under Lord
53:whose residents are not indigenous to Hausa lands.
33:(strangers' quarters or literally new town in the
510:
322:
272:Heerten, Lasse; Moses, A. Dirk (2014-07-03).
271:
350:Journal of Colonialism and Colonial History
257:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
131:Sabon Gari of Kaduna as follows: 27% were
23:Linguistic and ethnic division of Nigeria
327:. Africa World Press. pp. 113–114.
222:
56:
18:
229:(1st ed.). New York. p. 201.
168:
511:
409:BBC.co.uk, accessed September 22, 2007
323:Salm, Steven J.; Toyin Falola (2004).
41:) is a section of cities and towns in
347:
13:
384:"Sabon Gari Local Government Area"
187:, the two largest Hausa cities in
14:
540:
147:and 28% were other ethnicities.
428:
412:
400:
376:
341:
316:
265:
216:
1:
209:
290:10.1080/14623528.2014.936700
278:Journal of Genocide Research
150:
123:residing in Sabon gabris in
7:
197:
10:
545:
159:
81:, settled in new towns or
223:Meredith, Martin (2005).
204:Sabon Gari, Kaduna State
449:10.1145/2872518.2890096
24:
362:10.1353/cch.2003.0044
121:pogroms against Igbos
57:Historical Background
22:
519:Geography of Nigeria
169:Sabon Garuruwa Today
104:. One exception was
491: /
388:www.manpower.com.ng
495:13.4683°N 5.0183°E
407:The Sharia effect?
25:
424:978-1-84162-152-4
536:
506:
505:
503:
502:
501:
496:
492:
489:
488:
487:
484:
471:
470:
432:
426:
416:
410:
404:
398:
397:
395:
394:
380:
374:
373:
345:
339:
338:
320:
314:
313:
269:
263:
262:
256:
248:
220:
125:Northern Nigeria
71:Frederick Lugard
45:, South Central
43:Northern Nigeria
544:
543:
539:
538:
537:
535:
534:
533:
509:
508:
500:13.4683; 5.0183
499:
497:
493:
490:
485:
482:
480:
478:
477:
475:
474:
459:
433:
429:
417:
413:
405:
401:
392:
390:
382:
381:
377:
346:
342:
335:
325:Nigerian Cities
321:
317:
270:
266:
250:
249:
237:
221:
217:
212:
200:
171:
162:
153:
59:
17:
12:
11:
5:
542:
532:
531:
526:
521:
473:
472:
457:
427:
411:
399:
375:
340:
333:
315:
264:
235:
214:
213:
211:
208:
207:
206:
199:
196:
170:
167:
161:
158:
152:
149:
117:General Ironsi
83:Sabon Garuruwa
58:
55:
39:Sabon Garuruwa
35:Hausa language
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
541:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
516:
514:
507:
504:
468:
464:
460:
458:9781450341448
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
431:
425:
421:
415:
408:
403:
389:
385:
379:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
344:
336:
334:1-59221-169-0
330:
326:
319:
312:
307:
303:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
268:
260:
254:
246:
242:
238:
236:1-58648-246-7
232:
228:
227:
219:
215:
205:
202:
201:
195:
192:
190:
186:
182:
177:
166:
157:
148:
146:
142:
138:
134:
128:
126:
122:
118:
113:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
90:
86:
84:
80:
79:Yoruba people
76:
72:
67:
65:
54:
52:
49:and Northern
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
21:
476:
440:
430:
414:
402:
391:. Retrieved
387:
378:
353:
349:
343:
324:
318:
309:
284:(2–3): 173.
281:
277:
267:
225:
218:
193:
172:
163:
154:
129:
114:
109:
91:
87:
82:
68:
60:
38:
29:
28:
26:
498: /
143:, 15% were
139:, 19% were
135:, 11% were
513:Categories
483:13°28′06″N
393:2024-08-21
210:References
110:Tudun Wada
30:Sabon Gari
486:5°01′06″E
370:161441027
306:143878825
298:1462-3528
253:cite book
151:Geography
106:Maiduguri
37:, plural
245:58791298
198:See also
51:Cameroon
467:1722349
160:Economy
529:Kaduna
465:
455:
422:
368:
331:
304:
296:
243:
233:
185:Maradi
181:Zinder
176:Sharia
141:Yoruba
98:Kaduna
463:S2CID
366:S2CID
356:(2).
302:S2CID
189:Niger
133:Hausa
115:When
102:Zaria
47:Niger
524:Kano
453:ISBN
420:ISBN
329:ISBN
294:ISSN
259:link
241:OCLC
231:ISBN
183:and
145:Nupe
137:Igbo
100:and
94:Kano
77:and
75:Igbo
64:emir
445:doi
358:doi
286:doi
515::
461:.
451:.
439:.
386:.
364:.
352:.
308:.
300:.
292:.
282:16
280:.
276:.
255:}}
251:{{
239:.
96:,
27:A
469:.
447::
396:.
372:.
360::
354:4
337:.
288::
261:)
247:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
