33:
317:, South Korea. Consideration was also given to having the snowboard cross event run with pairs of athletes competing against each other rather than as a time trial. There were still no plans to add non-standing or visually impaired events. As of 2014, visually impaired events were not considered for medal events at WSF Para-Snowboard competitions due to the small numbers of internationally competitive athletes.
329:
55:(IPC) defines three classes: SB-LL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both legs (with SB-LL1 and SB-LL2 for more- and less-severe impairment), and SB-UL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both arms who compete standing. The sport made its official Winter Paralympic debut in the
205:
The change was made to bring the sport into alignment with the common terminology for sports (except sledge hockey and wheelchair curling, which are not referred to as "para-hockey" and "para-curling") used by the
International Paralympic Committee (IPC). This was done in consultation with the IPC,
183:
The sport widely called
Adaptive Snowboarding held its first official competition at the 2000 USASA Nationals in Waterville Valley NH, USA. The USASA governed adaptive snowboarding competitions in North America through 2008, after which the World Snowboard Federation accepted international
249:
Snowboarding is a young and exciting sport and one which is attracting new audiences and participants everywhere. Its inclusion in the
Paralympics programme will give a further boost to the promotion of Paralympic sports across Russia and highlights the opportunities that sport provides to
221:. There are three types of classification available for Australian competitors: Provisional, national and international. The first is for club level competitions, the second for state and national competitions, and the third for international competitions.
262:. There were men's and women's standing snowboard cross. Only events in the SB-LL class were offered. The events were run in a time-trial format (one rider on course at a time), and. unlike some other Paralympic events, results were calculated
212:
Para-Snowboard and
Adaptive Snowboarding do not necessarily refer to the same thing, though both are practised by people with disabilities. The new name describes competitive adaptive snowboarding, and its acceptance into the Paralympic
192:
in July 2009 under which the WSF would continue to govern the sport until 2014, after which the situation would be reassessed. Both organisations would continue their efforts to develop the sport. IPC Alpine Skiing governs
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270:
286:
266:
factors that adjust times based on disability classification. Each athlete got three runs over a course of jumps, bumps and turns. Times from the best two were added together for their final total.
859:
368:
635:
305:
The snowboarding cross events at Sochi were a success, with tickets for para-snowboarding events being among the first to sell out. In April 2014 the IPC announced plans to add
278:
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110:
above the knee, or "a significant combined impairment in two legs", affecting their balance, their board-control and their ability to navigate uneven terrain.
607:
550:
455:
75:. The IPC eligibility rules provide for athletes with a physical impairment such as limb loss or limb deficiency, spinal cord injury, nerve damage, or
209:
The prefix "para" is of Greek origin, and means "alongside". It is used to illustrate how the
Olympic and Paralympic movements exist side by side.
916:
116:
SB-UL for athletes upper limb impairments, affecting balance. There were no events for female athletes in the category SB-UL in the 2018 games.
79:. As of 2018, athletes with other impairments, such as visual impairments, are not eligible. The IPC defined two competition classes in 2014:
520:
234:
643:
1144:
884:
665:
83:
SB-LL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both legs. Athletes may use a prosthesis or modified equipment to compete.
835:. Organizing Committee of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi. 14 March 2014. Archived from
217:
For
Australian competitors in this sport, the sport and classification is managed the national sport federation with support from the
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909:
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956:
1011:
1016:
639:
404:
172:
121:
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1021:
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1139:
201:, and the two share a common set of regulations. In explaining the change of the name of the sport, the WSF stated that:
494:
230:
185:
113:
SB-LL2 for athletes with impairment to one or both legs "with less activity limitation", such as below-knee amputation.
52:
1118:
1098:
1093:
1031:
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124:(WSF) has a more elaborate classification system, with classes SB1 to SB12 for snowboarders with limb disabilities:
1057:
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614:
238:
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governance beginning in 2009. It is now practiced by hundreds of athletes around the world, and governed by the
71:
Classifications exist for deaf competitors, blind competitors, people with physical disabilities and those with
51:. The sport originally called Adaptive Snowboard is now practiced by hundreds of athletes around the world. The
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739:"Para-Snowboard included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games (International Paralympic Committee)"
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40:. At age 14, he was the youngest competitor at the 2014 Winter Paralympic Games from any country.
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310:
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91:
56:
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and is part of the process of preparing the sport for inclusion in the
Paralympic Winter Games.
152:
SB11 sitting class for athletes with disabilities in both lower limbs and partial trunk function
233:
changed its mind and added Para-snowboarding to the Alpine Skiing programme on 2 May 2012. The
394:
86:
SB-UL for athletes with a physical impairment affecting one or both arms who compete standing.
1180:
951:
728:
17:
8:
785:
242:
168:
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425:
423:
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SB12 sitting class for athletes with disabilities in lower limbs and good trunk function
274:
95:
32:
690:. Homebush Bay, New South Wales: Australian Paralympic Committee. 2012. Archived from
807:
420:
400:
602:
600:
598:
498:
525:
PyeongChang
Organizing Committee for the 2018 Olympic & Paralympic Winter Games
293:
won in 1 minute 43.61 seconds, followed by
Michael Shea with a time of 1:44.18 and
901:
595:
149:
SB10 sitting class for athletes with disabilities in both lower limbs and trunk
76:
860:"New slalom Para-snowboard event to be pioneered after successful Sochi debut"
713:
342:
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306:
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60:
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48:
369:"Shore student Ben Tudhope Australia's youngest winter Paralympian at 14"
314:
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99:
37:
107:
811:
282:
106:
SB-LL1 for athletes with significant impairment to one leg, such as
448:
277:
from the
Netherlands in a time of 1 minute 57.43 seconds. France's
146:
SB9 for athletes with disabilities in one upper and one lower limb
765:"Para-Snowboard Included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games"
581:"Para-Snowboard Included in Sochi 2014 Paralympic Winter Games"
134:
SB3 for athletes with moderate disabilities in both lower limbs
281:
came second with a time of 2 minutes 07.31 seconds. America's
137:
SB4 for athletes with moderate disabilities in one lower limbs
128:
SB1 for athletes with severe disabilities in both lower limbs
254:
The sport made its official Winter Paralympic debut in the
131:
SB2 for athletes with severe disabilities in one lower limb
786:"Alpine Skiing - Rules & Regulations - Classification"
513:
482:
480:
478:
476:
431:"IPC Alpine Skiing Classification Rules and Regulations"
229:
After initially rejecting the sport in August 2011, the
175:(IBSA) for other sports for visually impaired athletes.
473:
140:
SB5 for athletes with disabilities in both upper limbs
456:"APC Classification Information Sheet - Snowboarding"
436:. International Paralympic Committee. 5 December 2012
716:. Sydney, Australia: Australian Paralympic Committee
608:"2014 Australian Paralympic Winter Team Media Guide"
324:
159:
The WSF also defines three visual impairment class,
143:
SB6 for athletes with disabilities in one upper limb
931:
636:"WSF and IPC Continue Their Cooperation Agreement"
245:, welcomed the addition of the new sport, saying:
392:
1167:
583:. International Paralympic Committee. 2 May 2012
102:, the IPC divided the SB-LL category in twain:
917:
887:. World Snowboard Federation. 17 January 2011
668:. World Snowboard Federation. 17 January 2011
680:
285:came third in 2 minutes 14.29 seconds. The
269:Both events were run on 14 March 2014. The
27:Classification system for para-snowboarding
924:
910:
386:
360:
224:
706:
289:was a clean sweep for the United States.
31:
833:"First medals won in Para-snowboarding"
239:Sochi 2014 Olympic Organizing Committee
14:
1168:
857:
366:
47:is the classification system for para-
905:
808:"SB LL - Para-Snowboard Cross - LEXI"
393:Joseph P. Winnick (27 October 2010).
173:International Blind Sports Federation
788:. International Paralympic Committee
396:Adapted Physical Education and Sport
188:(IPC). The IPC and the WSF signed a
24:
885:"Para-Snowboarding Classification"
551:"Para-Snowboarding Classification"
495:International Paralympic Committee
231:International Paralympic Committee
186:International Paralympic Committee
53:International Paralympic Committee
36:Australian Paralympic snowboarder
25:
1192:
367:Cowley, Rowan (5 February 2014).
320:
171:, identical to those used by the
327:
45:Para-snowboarding classification
933:Disability sport classification
877:
851:
825:
800:
778:
757:
658:
628:
615:Australian Paralympic Committee
399:. Human Kinetics. p. 562.
219:Australian Paralympic Committee
858:Butler, Nick (16 April 2014).
543:
66:
13:
1:
354:
279:Cecile Hernandez Ep Cervellon
178:
741:. 2 May 2012. Archived from
556:. World Snowboard Federation
7:
190:memorandum of understanding
10:
1197:
1176:Parasports classifications
640:World Snowboard Federation
488:"Snowboard classification"
122:World Snowboard Federation
1127:
1086:
1045:
939:
714:"What is Classification?"
300:
73:intellectual disabilities
297:with a time of 1:47.10.
1145:Intellectual disability
311:2018 Winter Paralympics
256:2014 Winter Paralympics
225:At the Paralympic Games
92:2018 Winter Paralympics
57:2014 Winter Paralympics
666:"About Para-Snowboard"
344:How to: para-snowboard
252:
215:
41:
1073:Wheelchair basketball
247:
203:
35:
531:on 28 February 2018
243:Dmitry Chernyshenko
1119:Wheelchair curling
1099:Para-nordic skiing
1094:Para-alpine skiing
1032:Wheelchair fencing
745:on 5 February 2014
694:on 1 December 2012
275:Bibian Mentel-Spee
42:
1163:
1162:
1104:Para-snowboarding
1058:Football 7-a-side
1053:Football 5-a-side
1037:Wheelchair tennis
940:Individual Sports
406:978-0-7360-8918-0
309:to the events at
16:(Redirected from
1188:
1155:Wheelchair sport
1128:Disability types
1078:Wheelchair rugby
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919:
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864:Inside the Games
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642:. Archived from
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566:
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541:
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527:. Archived from
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497:. Archived from
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992:Para-equestrian
962:Disability golf
947:Adaptive rowing
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688:"Winter Sports"
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69:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1194:
1184:
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1142:
1140:Cerebral palsy
1137:
1131:
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1125:
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1116:
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1068:Sitting volley
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977:Para-athletics
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461:. 28 June 2007
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839:on 4 May 2014
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1181:Snowboarding
1103:
1027:Table tennis
1012:Powerlifting
987:Para-cycling
972:Para-archery
889:. Retrieved
879:
867:. Retrieved
863:
853:
841:. Retrieved
837:the original
827:
815:. Retrieved
802:
790:. Retrieved
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768:. Retrieved
759:
747:. Retrieved
743:the original
718:. Retrieved
708:
696:. Retrieved
692:the original
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670:. Retrieved
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648:. Retrieved
644:the original
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618:. Retrieved
585:. Retrieved
558:. Retrieved
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533:. Retrieved
529:the original
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503:. Retrieved
499:the original
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410:. Retrieved
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376:. Retrieved
373:Mosman Daily
372:
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195:snowboarding
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49:snowboarding
44:
43:
29:
1135:Amputations
1046:Team Sports
1017:Racquetball
521:"Snowboard"
315:Pyeongchang
295:Keith Gabel
291:Evan Strong
287:men's event
273:was won by
197:as well as
100:South Korea
96:PyeongChang
67:Eligibility
38:Ben Tudhope
1170:Categories
1150:Les Autres
770:30 January
749:5 February
378:8 February
355:References
179:Governance
108:amputation
982:Paracanoe
812:Channel 4
698:19 August
412:21 August
283:Amy Purdy
250:everyone.
235:President
213:movement.
1063:Goalball
620:13 April
90:For the
1022:Sailing
720:30 July
535:6 March
505:6 March
349:YouTube
264:without
237:of the
952:Boccia
891:20 May
672:20 May
560:20 May
403:
307:slalom
301:Future
957:Bowls
869:4 May
843:4 May
817:4 May
792:4 May
650:4 May
611:(PDF)
587:4 May
554:(PDF)
491:(PDF)
465:4 May
459:(PDF)
440:4 May
434:(PDF)
18:SB-UL
967:Judo
893:2014
871:2014
845:2014
819:2014
794:2014
772:2013
751:2014
722:2012
700:2012
674:2014
652:2014
622:2014
589:2014
562:2014
537:2018
507:2018
467:2014
442:2014
414:2012
401:ISBN
380:2014
167:and
120:The
347:on
313:in
258:in
94:in
59:in
1172::
862:.
810:.
730:^
638:.
613:.
597:^
570:^
523:.
493:.
475:^
422:^
371:.
241:,
169:B3
165:B2
163:,
161:B1
98:,
63:.
925:e
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911:v
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847:.
821:.
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753:.
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702:.
676:.
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591:.
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382:.
20:)
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