136:(UV) light) in the tail of the missile with an appropriate sensor on the firing post, to track the missile's flight path. The launching station incorporates a tracking camera with two lenses. A wide field of view lens that locates and "gathers" the missile near the center of the gunners line of sight immediately after launch, and a narrow view lens with automatic zoom that accomplishes the fine tracking adjustments. In most configurations, the narrow field camera utilizes electronics that translate the brightest spot in the view – the flare or strobe of the missile – into an electrical impulse. This impulse changes as the missile leaves the center of the field of view, and the electronics automatically apply a correction instruction in the opposite direction of the change to re-center the missile.
143:, whereas wire links have the disadvantages of being limited to the length of the wire and fragile (i.e. not very good for penetrating/attacking targets in vegetated areas such as forests) and can not be fired over bodies of water due to potential shorting of the wires. Also, wires leave a trace all the way to the target, which could help find the source of the fire. Note that almost all (unless counter counter measures are installed) wire/radio link guided ATGMs can be jammed with electro-optical interference emitters such as "
103:. The missile has receivers for the signal on the rear of the fuselage. Some form of encoding is used in the signal so that the missile can steer itself into the center of the beam. Changing frequencies or dot patterns are also commonly used. These systems have the advantage that the link between the launcher and missile cannot easily be broken or jammed. But, they have a disadvantage because the guidance signal may be detected by the target. Examples include the laser-guided
123:
and radio-guided SACLOS, the sighting device can calculate the angular difference in direction from the missile position to the target location. It can then give electronic instructions to the missile that correct its flight path so it is flying along a straight line from the sighting device to the
255:
by a radar signal. However, a beam-riding missile flies directly at the target, which is often inefficient for a high-speed target like an aircraft. For this reason, most anti-aircraft missiles follow their own route to intercept the target, and do not
267:
This was also one of the main advantages over concurrent SALH systems regarding detection: a laser riding beam emitter is typically a low powered device and does not need to be pointed immediately to the target. Because the missile sensor
290:
The main disadvantage of both SACLOS guidance systems in an anti-tank role is that working on angular differences evaluation, it does not allow any notable separation between guidance system and missile launch post the opposite of
229:
SACLOS, the sighting device emits a directional signal directed toward the target. A detector in the tail of the missile looks for the signal. Electronics in the missile then keep it centered in the beam.
68:
attached to the missile airframe, and measures the angle between the missile and the centerline of the operator's sights. This signal is sent to the missile, often using
241:(SALH) in which the target is illuminated by a powerful emitter, and a sensor in the head of missile detects the reflected emissions and directs it to the target.
276:
devices. Another advantage in antitank applications is that the backward-looking guidance system does not interfere with the process of jet formation of
287:
mode, or target illumination from a different source than the launcher itself, so choice between the two operating modes may vary between operators.
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principle. In this case, a signal is sent from the operator's sights toward the target. The signal is generally radio or a
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504:
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76:, which causes it to steer back toward the center of the line-of-sight. Common examples of these weapons include the
213:
862:
702:
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292:
41:. In SACLOS, the operator must continually point a sighting device at the target while the missile is in flight.
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139:
These instructions are delivered either by a radio link or a wire. Radio links have the disadvantage of being
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signals because they are compact, less sensitive to distance, and are difficult to detect and jam.
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295:(MCLOS) ones, thus allowing updated version of such anti-tank weapons (notably AT-3
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target. Most antitank SACLOS systems such as Milan and TOW use a strobe or flare (
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was the most common form of SACLOS signals in early systems, because, in the
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376:. Keystone, Colorado: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
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in the sighting device and/or the missile then guide it to the target.
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60:. The seeker tracks the missile, either the hot exhaust from its
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AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and
Control Conference and Exhibit
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backward to it, the whole system is also impervious to most
370:"A New Off-Axis Laser Beamrider Missile Guidance Algorithm"
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148:
368:
Land, Jay; Jones, Michael; Carriger, Wendy (2006-08-21).
280:(HEAT) charges, thus maximizing weapon's effectiveness.
367:
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299:) to still remain in service in some countries.
260:the beam. A more modern use of beam-riding uses
95:Another class of SACLOS weapons is based on the
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251:role, the target is typically already being
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433:
283:However, such systems don't allow for a
709:Semi-automatic command to line of sight
31:Semi-automatic command to line of sight
14:
888:
428:
220:
216:, BGM-71 TOW (Wireless (RF) variants)
533:Submarine-launched ballistic missile
511:Intermediate-range ballistic missile
454:
48:Many SACLOS weapons are based on an
24:
715:Automatic command to line of sight
505:Intercontinental ballistic missile
25:
907:
539:Submarine-launched cruise missile
863:List of surface-to-air missiles
703:Manual command to line of sight
616:Man-portable air-defense system
414:Manual command to line of sight
293:manual command to line of sight
471:Air-launched ballistic missile
361:
214:Javelin surface to air missile
13:
1:
517:Short-range ballistic missile
354:
790:Automatic target recognition
115:Wire and radio-guided SACLOS
52:aligned with the operator's
7:
843:List of missiles by country
586:Anti-ship ballistic missile
477:Air-launched cruise missile
402:
10:
912:
853:List of anti-tank missiles
848:List of anti-ship missiles
551:Surface-to-surface missile
871:
825:
752:Global Positioning System
697:Command off line of sight
625:
560:
463:
210:9K33 'Osa' (SA-8 'Gecko')
37:) is a method of missile
833:List of military rockets
691:Command to line-of-sight
657:Semi-active radar homing
278:high-explosive anti-tank
239:semi-active laser homing
235:semi-active radar homing
82:anti-tank guided missile
816:Predicted line of sight
770:Astro-inertial guidance
27:Missile guidance method
598:Anti-submarine missile
574:Anti-radiation missile
568:Anti-ballistic missile
545:Surface-to-air missile
523:Shoulder-fired missile
489:Air-to-surface missile
90:surface-to-air missile
774:Terrestrial guidance
580:Anti-satellite weapon
651:Active radar homing
610:Land-attack missile
382:10.2514/6.2006-6084
747:Satellite guidance
483:Air-to-air missile
221:Beam-riding SACLOS
883:
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765:Inertial guidance
732:Infrared guidance
675:Track-via-missile
604:Anti-tank missile
592:Anti-ship missile
495:Ballistic missile
391:978-1-62410-046-8
16:(Redirected from
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896:Missile guidance
838:List of missiles
721:Pursuit guidance
686:Command guidance
528:Standoff missile
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409:Command guidance
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233:It differs from
70:thin metal wires
39:command guidance
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84:(ATGM) and the
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200:Baktar-Shikan
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180:AT-5 Spandrel
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309:9M133 Kornet
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188:AT-7 Saxhorn
138:
118:
94:
80:wire-guided
56:or sighting
47:
34:
30:
29:
801:TV guidance
726:Beam riding
464:By platform
349:9K121 Vikhr
253:illuminated
237:(SARH) and
227:beam-riding
206:ASM-N-2 Bat
176:AT-4 Spigot
134:ultraviolet
97:beam riding
43:Electronics
355:References
339:Starstreak
314:9M120 Svir
285:top-attack
192:BGM-71 TOW
184:M47 Dragon
109:9M120 Svir
78:BGM-71 TOW
74:radio link
874:See also:
618:(MANPADS)
455:Types of
344:ZT3 Ingwe
172:Swingfire
147:" on the
64:motor or
58:telescope
890:Category
711:(SACLOS)
636:Unguided
628:guidance
403:See also
334:Shershen
303:Examples
297:Malyutka
155:Examples
145:Shtora-1
141:jammable
132:(IR) or
130:infrared
107:SAM and
54:gunsight
811:Compass
758:GLONASS
728:(LOSBR)
717:(ACLOS)
705:(MCLOS)
699:(COLOS)
457:missile
416:(MCLOS)
324:MSS-1.2
274:jamming
126:visible
92:(SAM).
818:(PLOS)
778:TERCOM
693:(CLOS)
659:(SARH)
606:(ATGM)
600:(ASuM)
594:(AShM)
588:(ASBM)
582:(ASAT)
541:(SLCM)
535:(SLBM)
519:(SRBM)
513:(IRBM)
507:(ICBM)
479:(ALCM)
473:(ALBM)
388:
329:RBS-70
196:Bumbar
111:ATGM.
105:RBS 70
86:Rapier
66:flares
62:rocket
35:SACLOS
18:SACLOS
826:Lists
792:(ATR)
783:DSMAC
754:(GPS)
677:(TVM)
653:(ARH)
612:(LAM)
576:(ARM)
570:(ABM)
553:(SSM)
547:(SAM)
491:(ASM)
485:(AAM)
270:looks
262:laser
245:Radar
225:With
168:MILAN
149:T-90a
121:wire-
119:With
101:laser
72:or a
386:ISBN
319:HJ-9
258:ride
626:By
378:doi
164:HOT
892::
384:.
372:.
212:,
208:,
198:,
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186:,
182:,
178:,
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151:.
128:,
448:e
441:t
434:v
394:.
380::
33:(
20:)
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