90:
369:
295:, and houses were bought, housing everyone who worked at the various firms. Whole families now moved with the family head from Vriezenveen to the Russian capital. Nevertheless, people continued to travel back and forth regularly between Vriezenveen and the city of Saint Petersburg. Between 1775 and 1790, large numbers of people began to travel from Vriezenveen to Russia. The new arrivals, often boys of about eleven years of age, were accepted as members of staff in the various firms. The most suitable were appointed as partners after a decade.
282:"Yesterday, our son Johannes travelled to St. Petersburg. My wife, Alexander and I brought him to Almelo. (…) Around one thirty they boarded the carriage, and will drive via Ootmarssum, Northoorn etc, with additional post letters to Lubeck, where they are expected to arrive within three days. From there they will board a ship to continue their travels (…)".
267:'s strategic views, built roads everywhere in the former Holy Roman Empire, where they had not previously lain (obviously with a military purpose in mind). This wide road network, stretching from West Germany to the Baltics, was instrumental in decreasing the travel time from Vriezenveen to Saint Petersburg, from 6 weeks to 2 weeks.
309:
Over the years, a few hundred
Vriezenveners have lived in Russia. The Vriezenveners formed a tight-knit community there because of the common group interests, the combined journeys, their religion and the mutual family ties. However, it is true that most Vriezenveners eventually returned to their
483:
in Saint
Petersburg and had built a church. When the merchants from Vriezenveen no longer returned to their hometown immediately after their business with the Russians had been done, but continued to winter in Saint Petersburg, they became members of the Dutch Reformed Church there. From 1769
313:
Things started to change in the late 19th century. Because of economic hardships experienced, in the then
Russian capital, the wealth of the merchants from Vriezenveen started declining. Several businesses, owned by Vriezenveners, had to close. The definitive end came with the outbreak of the
548:) was released. The film is about the adventures of several boys from Vriezenveen who traveled to Saint Petersburg around the year 1870. This was made possible, because the letters the boys had sent to their respective parents were discovered to have survived the ages.
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ties between Saint
Petersburg and the Netherlands. The available spaces are used for this. This foundation also organizes church services in the building. The foundation also strives to reinstall an old organ in the church, which was used for centuries.
286:
Initially, the
Vriezenveners traveled back and forth with their goods and found shelter in rather primitive lodgings. Later, it was considered necessary to have permanent places to stay; retail properties were thus bought, including in the
93:
Artwork by
Vriezenveen painter Bernard Jaspers Faijer (1903-1979), depicting Rusluie in Vriezenveen getting ready for the journey to St Petersburg. Inside the wagon, Jacob Kruys (1812-1852), packing the
192:. It is also possible that they made the entire journey by land. In any case, the later Vriezenveners travelled to Saint Petersburg by covered wagon, via a long route. This route took them through the
353:. The companies from Vriezenveen and their respective shop premises were not confined to the Great Gostiny Dvor; The firm Ten Cate & Co owned a cigar shop on the corner of the Nevsky Prospekt and
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298:
Time after time, the immense distance of about 2,400 kilometres was covered, over bumpy and dusty roads to maintain
Russian trade contacts and links with the home front. With the rise of the
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onwards, the
Vriezenveners took an increasingly important place in the church community and between 1850 and 1890 their presence in the church was so prominent, that people spoke of the
337:). The ringroad was built for the further development of Vriezenveen's southeast area, and is a general reminder to the once wealthy merchants from the same town, of times long gone by.
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By 1830, the ever-expanding reformed congregation decided to build a new church on the Nevsky
Prospekt, house number 20. Four years later, construction was completed and the church was
418:. The brothers had several buildings in the Great Gostiny Dvor (house numbers 14 to 147), but from 1908 to 1918 only house number 146 remained. In addition, this family also had a
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The peak of the trade relations between
Vriezenveen and the Russian capital was between the years 1850 and 1870. Some Vriezenveners made an exceptional career in Russia.
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354:
507:. The building consisted of a centre piece, the actual church, and on either side an attached wing, each about 35 meters long, which housed shop premises such as a
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hometown at a later age. They could spend their last days there and enjoy the wealth acquired, in villas they had built for themselves and their families.
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181:. These Merchants from Vriezenveen also formed companies for the trade with Russia, the first members of which were related to each other.
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in the 19th century, the land trade route disappeared, and with it the adventurous and often dangerous trips by horse and covered wagon.
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by trade. Around 1740 more and more Vriezenveners followed their example, but now they were traders who wanted to build a life in the
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It is not clear how the first Vriezenveners traveled to Saint Petersburg. It is possible that they boarded a ship on the island of
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The most important commodities the Vriezenveners sold were Textiles, but there was also a lively trade in wine, tobacco, tea,
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brothers could also count the Russian royal court among their clientele. They supplied the Tsars Alexander II and III with
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and the Russian Empire. The route covered no less than 90 cities on average; these are several of the most notable ones:
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had concluded in 1815, the travel time from Vriezenveen to Saint Petersburg decreased dramatically. The
525:) has also been located in the former church building. One of its tasks is to strengthen and reinforce
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In recent years, an eastern ring road for the town of Vriezenveen has been constructed, dubbed the
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school in the Russian capital around the year 1800. The school was so highly regarded that
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to come into contact with Russia. Many had preceded them and, a few of them had founded a
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Sporen van de Nederlandse geschiedenis in St. Petersburg, C. de Jonge en B. van Pelt
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Van assimilatie tot segregatie: de Nederlandse kolonie in Sint-Petersburg. 1856–1917
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were sold. In addition to being a shop owner, Kruys was also a representative for
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The first Vriezenveners to travel to Russia left between 1720 and 1730, and were
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trading house on Velikaya Morskaya Ulitsa, where coffee, tea, cocoa and
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in Russia, between 1720 and 1917. They originally came from the town of
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to sell this precious commodity, previously unknown to the Russians.
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278:. On 19 May 1825 he wrote about the departure of one of his sons:
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Women from Vriezenveen also managed to make a career, such as
252:– Saint Petersburg. This route took 4 to 6 weeks on average.
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511:, a cigar shop, a flower shop and textile shops, as well as
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595:. Gert Jan Rohmensen. Trouw, 25 september 2003 (in Dutch).
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shop on the Gribudova Canal, at house number 35, dubbed
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thus had to return to their home town of Vriezenveen.
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Logo of Java tradinghouse in St Petersburg, owned by
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Wijngaarden-Xiounina, Jelena Sergejevna van (2007).
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cocoa, and traveled thousands of kilometres through
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437:became purveyors to the Russian royal court and
83:Lived in Saint Petersburg between 1720 and 1917.
441:rose from carpenter's son to director of the
515:. Since 2006, in addition to a library, the
365:personally came to get their cigars there.
630:Rohmensen, Gert Jan (25 September 2003).
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98:Dutch community in St. Petersburg, Russia
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88:
464:honoured her, with a number of visits.
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518:Friends of Saint Petersburg Foundation
472:The Vriezenveners were not the first
357:, which was so well known that Tsars
270:The journey has been recorded in the
25:Regions with significant populations
495:in the presence of the Dutch king,
200:, the northern German states), the
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14:
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416:Historical Museum of Vriezenveen
690:Russian people of Dutch descent
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659:Anneke Koers, 2014 (In Dutch).
657:Twente, het oude land. Deel 4.
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499:and his sons, the later kings
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202:Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
632:"Popov stamt uit Vriezenveen"
383:, a well-known member of the
111:origin living in the city of
606:"Een jongen ging op reis..."
593:Popov stamt uit Vriezenveen"
7:
685:History of Saint Petersburg
486:Church of the Vriezenveners
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318:, in 1917. Businesses were
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538:In 2014, the feature film
276:first Mayor of Vriezenveen
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546:Apprentice in Petersburg
541:Leerjongen in Petersburg
355:Velikaya Morskaya Ulitsa
263:had, in accordance with
226:Brandenburg an der Havel
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445:in Saint Petersburg.
435:Jan Gerritsen Servijs
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66:Related ethnic groups
450:Aaltje van den Bosch
107:were a community of
609:Canon van Nederland
497:William I of Orange
234:KĂĽstrin an der Oder
21:
443:Admiralty Shipyard
387:family, owned the
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316:Russian Revolution
289:Great Gostiny Dvor
272:Diary of Jan Kruys
196:(later, after its
188:or in the city of
152:Russia Folk/People
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578:978-90-77089-06-4
194:Holy Roman Empire
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408:Engberts and Co.
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31:Saint Petersburg
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513:Living Quarters
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439:Wicher Berkhoff
401:European Russia
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293:Nevsky Prospekt
257:Napoleonic Wars
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138:, a dialect of
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640:. Retrieved
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613:. Retrieved
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571:(in Dutch).
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481:congregation
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359:Alexander II
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320:nationalized
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218:Braunschweig
206:Bad Bentheim
186:Terschelling
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142:, and means
136:Vriezenveens
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16:Ethnic group
642:23 December
615:23 December
509:wine cellar
493:consecrated
458:Tsar Paul I
424:Maison Bone
341:Trade goods
322:, and most
300:steam train
261:French Army
198:disbandment
117:Vriezenveen
33:in the past
679:Categories
638:(in Dutch)
611:(in Dutch)
544:(English:
501:William II
333:(English:
331:Rusluieweg
255:After the
238:Königsberg
214:Hildesheim
150:(English:
125:Overijssel
523:Rotterdam
397:Blooker's
393:Delftware
304:steamboat
291:" on the
222:Magdeburg
210:OsnabrĂĽck
164:craftsmen
130:The name
38:Languages
527:cultural
474:Dutchmen
468:Religion
460:and his
431:Jan Hoek
302:and the
265:Napoleon
179:Russians
121:province
76:Frisians
54:Religion
462:consort
420:drapery
379:Trader
351:Flowers
324:Rusluie
168:weavers
158:History
132:Rusluie
105:Rusluie
48:Russian
20:Rusluie
575:
454:sewing
274:, the
230:Berlin
190:LĂĽbeck
175:empire
172:tsar's
144:Ruslui
140:Twents
134:is in
94:linen.
636:Trouw
552:Notes
385:Kruys
347:cocoa
250:Narva
242:Memel
148:Dutch
109:Dutch
72:Dutch
44:Dutch
644:2020
617:2020
573:ISBN
503:and
433:and
406:The
389:Java
361:and
349:and
246:Riga
166:and
103:The
74:and
46:and
505:III
363:III
146:in
123:of
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248:–
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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