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is used by modern historians, the empire's citizens and emperors called themselves Romans, meaning Greek-speaking
Eastern Romans, and embraced a Christian identity. Various languages in the Balkans have long used the descriptor "Roman" to refer to the lands of the former Eastern Roman Empire. Indeed,
864:
After 1918, with the massive reduction of
Hungary's territory and influence, many Western observers held Hungary to be one of the nations of the Balkans. But Hungary never regarded itself as part of that region, especially since the term 'Balkans' carried negative
667:). However, "Rumelia" remains in use in historical contexts and is still used in the context of the culture of the current Turkish populations of the Balkans and the descendants of Turkish immigrants from the Balkans. The region in Turkey is also referred to as
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by its contemporaries, meaning the "Sultanate of the Roman Empire" or "Roman
Sultanate", which mostly covered central Anatolia until the
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is also used in some cases, mostly in
Istanbul, to refer exclusively to the part of Istanbul Province that is west of the
1034:
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688:
593:. The name "Rumelia" was ultimately applied to a province composed of central Albania and northwestern Macedonia, with
122:
1065:
141:
94:
464:
came to apply exclusively to the Balkan region of the
Ottoman Empire. The region remained primarily populated by
175:
39:
1007:
757:
101:
79:
1054:
Bronza, Boro (2010). "The
Habsburg Monarchy and the Projects for Division of the Ottoman Balkans, 1771–1788".
504:
429:, among which the Ottoman Beylik rose to prominence in the 14th and 15th centuries and eventually became the
425:
in 1243. Anatolia was referred to as Land of the
Christians, hence Rum. Afterwards, it was replaced by the
1149:
827:
108:
307:. It refers to the lands conquered by the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans, which formerly belonged to the
437:
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Empires and
Peninsulas: Southeastern Europe Between Karlowitz and the Peace of Adrianople, 1699–1829
90:
45:"Turkey in Europe" redirects here. For the part of modern Turkey geographically part of Europe, see
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are often excluded. During the period of its existence, Rumelia was more often known in
English as
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904:"'Western Balkans' as the New Balkans: Regional Names as Tools for Stigmatisation and Exclusion"
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This article is about the entire historical region. For the
Ottoman province of Rumelia, see
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Reclus, Onésime; Ibáñez, Vicente Blasco; Reclus, Élisée; Doré, Gustave (1907).
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856:"Hungary and the Balkans in the 20th Century — From the Hungarian Perspective"
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647:(Rumelia) to refer to the part of Turkey that is in Europe (the provinces of
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235:. These would later be geopolitically classified as "the Balkans", although
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228:
227:. In its wider sense, it was used to refer to all Ottoman possessions and
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was constituted as an autonomous province of the Ottoman Empire by the
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881:. New Brunswick, N.J., U.S.: Transaction Publishers. pp. 70–73.
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57:
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Eastern Europe: An Introduction to the People, Lands, and Culture
616:, but on September 6, 1885, after a bloodless revolution, it was
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236:
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977:(in Spanish). Madrid La Edit. Española-Americana. p. 636.
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made by the Ottoman government between 1870 and 1875, the name
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gradually conquered from the Byzantine Empire after the
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Prague Papers on the History of International Relations
534:(Rumelian Fortress, 1452) on the European shore of the
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in 1071. The Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate was called the
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390:, the common name for the Byzantine Empire during the
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in the second half of the 14th century and after the
944:
The Cambridge Illustrated History of the Middle Ages
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369:
82:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
947:. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
1140:15th-century establishments in the Ottoman Empire
940:
585:. In the beginning the main town was the city of
1131:
687:) has been used since Ottoman times to refer to
608:ceased to correspond to any political division.
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1016:
691:, especially when it is juxtaposed with the
941:Fossier, Robert; Sondheimer, Janet (1997).
682:
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34:. For the Ottoman autonomous province, see
830:and more specifically Christians from the
1170:Ottoman period in the history of Bulgaria
320:today the term survives in the region as
142:Learn how and when to remove this message
966:
964:
877:Graubard, Stephen Richards, ed. (1999).
876:
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38:. For the Greek region of Roúmeli, see
27:Term for the Balkans under Ottoman rule
14:
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1060:. Berlin: LIT Verlag. pp. 51–62.
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901:
853:
1093:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911.
1023:Verena Knaus; Gail Warrander (2010).
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569:, bounded to the north by the rivers
311:, known by its contemporaries as the
813:
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170:
80:adding citations to reliable sources
51:
1029:. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 11.
275:in this context means "Roman", and
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1175:Subdivisions of the Ottoman Empire
549:Rumelia included the provinces of
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1155:History of the Balkans by region
727:
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303:) means "Land of the Romans" in
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438:expansion of the Ottoman Empire
223:, roughly corresponding to the
67:needs additional citations for
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758:Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina
519:were originally from Rumelia.
13:
1:
1165:Ottoman period in the Balkans
920:10.1080/09668136.2016.1219979
602:administrative reorganization
382:. The old Latin documents in
219:that was administered by the
1048:General and cited references
974:Novísima Geografía Universal
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828:Eastern Orthodox Christians
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401:used the name "Land of the
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902:Kolstø, Pål (2016-08-08).
643:) has now mostly replaced
450:conquest of Constantinople
409:, which the armies of the
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1002:. ABC-CLIO. p. 807.
879:A new Europe for the old?
862:: 115 – via CEJSH.
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345:
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996:Frucht, Richard (2004).
783:Ottoman Vardar Macedonia
671:, or Turkish Thrace. In
663:and the western part of
468:; though gradually, the
1090:Encyclopædia Britannica
854:Juhász, József (2015).
748:Millet (Ottoman Empire)
659:, the northern part of
614:Treaty of Berlin (1878)
436:However, following the
788:Ottoman wars in Europe
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266:Map of Rumelia in 1795
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158:Map of Rumelia in 1801
628:was created in 1877.
597:being the main town.
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405:" (Romans) to define
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826:At the time meaning
808:Turks in the Balkans
315:. Although the term
211:) was the name of a
76:improve this article
1116:41.0000°N 21.3333°E
1112: /
908:Europe-Asia Studies
695:or Morea. The word
415:Battle of Manzikert
217:Southeastern Europe
190: Land of the
1150:Historical regions
661:Çanakkale Province
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480:, as well as many
423:Battle of Köse Dağ
268:
160:
954:978-0-521-26644-4
888:978-0-7658-0465-5
814:Explanatory notes
665:Istanbul Province
581:and south by the
427:Anatolian beyliks
279:means "land" and
213:historical region
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16:(Redirected from
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669:Eastern Thrace
626:Kosovo Vilayet
600:Following the
579:Adriatic coast
577:, west by the
567:Turkish Thrace
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65:This article
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74:Please help
69:verification
66:
1119: /
693:Peloponnese
675:, the term
635:, the word
517:beylerbeyis
460:, the term
392:Middle Ages
47:East Thrace
1134:Categories
1107:21°20′00″E
1104:41°00′00″N
1009:1576078000
793:Rum Millet
653:Kırklareli
490:Bulgarians
466:Christians
374:; as well
358:Macedonian
102:newspapers
983:432767489
928:0966-8136
841:Citations
743:Ada Kaleh
701:Bosphorus
555:Macedonia
536:Bosphorus
523:Geography
470:Albanians
458:Mehmed II
330:Bulgarian
258:Etymology
252:in Europe
176:romanized
132:July 2023
91:"Rumelia"
707:See also
703:strait.
657:Tekirdağ
622:Bulgaria
563:Bulgaria
543:Istanbul
474:Bosniaks
454:Istanbul
444:and the
442:Anatolia
407:Anatolia
376:Romanian
371:Rumelija
366:Румелија
338:Rumeliya
322:Albanian
289:روم ايلى
245:Slovakia
171:روم ايلى
18:Rumelian
678:Ρούμελη
606:Rumelia
589:, then
587:Plovdiv
509:viziers
446:Balkans
399:Seljuks
388:Romania
380:Rumelia
354:Roúmeli
350:Romylía
346:Ρωμυλία
334:Румелия
326:Rumelia
297:Turkish
293:Rūm-ėli
281:Rumelia
241:Moldova
237:Hungary
229:vassals
225:Balkans
209:Ρωμυλία
197:Turkish
187:transl.
182:Rum İli
178::
163:Rumelia
116:scholar
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1033:
1026:Kosovo
1006:
981:
951:
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885:
697:Rumeli
684:Rumeli
673:Greece
649:Edirne
645:Rumeli
641:Thrace
637:Trakya
633:Turkey
624:. The
618:united
595:Bitola
575:Danube
559:Moesia
551:Thrace
539:Strait
513:pashas
494:Vlachs
482:Greeks
478:Pomaks
462:Rumeli
360:; and
301:Rumeli
250:Turkey
233:Europe
201:Rumeli
192:Romans
118:
111:
104:
97:
89:
620:with
591:Sofia
583:Morea
503:Many
498:Islam
486:Serbs
452:(now
440:into
384:Genoa
342:Greek
205:Greek
123:JSTOR
109:books
1062:ISBN
1031:ISBN
1004:ISBN
979:OCLC
949:ISBN
924:ISSN
883:ISBN
573:and
571:Sava
565:and
557:and
515:and
492:and
476:and
243:and
95:news
916:doi
631:In
541:in
403:Rûm
328:;
277:ėli
272:Rûm
231:in
215:in
78:by
1136::
1087:.
963:^
922:.
912:68
910:.
906:.
858:.
655:,
651:,
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