Renewable energy in China

1817:, China's largest source of coal is approximately 40%, though the rate of recovery of village and township coal mines in Shanxi Province is only 10%–20%. Cumulatively over the course of the past 20 years (1980–2000) China has wasted upwards of 28 gigatons of coal. The same causes for a low rate of recovery in coal mining – that extraction methods are backward – lead to safety problems in China's coal mining sector. Another reason for the low rate of recovery is that the majority of extraction comes from small-scale mining; of the 346.9 gigatons of coal extracted by China, only 98 gigatons has come from large or mid-sized mines while 250 gigatons are extracted from small mines. Based on coal production in 2005 of 2.19 gigatons and a current rate of recovery of 30%, if China were able to double its rate of recovery it would save approximately 3.5 gigatons of coal. 1689:. Likewise, the Twelfth Five-Year Plan also placed great emphasis on green energy. Detailed incentive policies and programs included the Golden Sun program, which provides financial subsidies, technology support and market incentives to facilitate the development of the solar power industry; the Suggestions on Promoting Wind Electricity Industry in 2006, which offers preferential policies for wind power development; and many other policies. Besides promoting policies, China has enacted a number of policies to standardise renewable energy products, to prevent environmental damage, and to regulate the price of green energy. These policies include, but are not limited to Renewable Energy Law, the Safety Regulations of Hydropower Dams, and the National Standard of Solar Water Heaters. 1475: 65: 1390: 2029: 1881: 1467: 21: 1630: 1653:

Commerce, State electricity Regulatory Commission (SERC) and so forth. In 2008, the National Energy Administration was founded under the NDRC, however its work has been proven inefficient. In January 2010, the State Council decided to set up a National Energy Commission (NEC), headed by then-Premier Wen Jiabao. The commission will be responsible for drafting a national energy development plan, reviewing energy security and major energy issues and coordinating domestic energy development and international cooperation.

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the second direct user of geothermal energy in the world. Recognizing geothermal energy as an alternative and renewable energy resource since the 1970s, China has conducted extensive explorations aiming at identifying high temperature resources for electric generation. Until 2006, 181 geothermal systems had been found on mainland China, with an estimated generation potential of 1,740 MW. However, only seven plants, with a total capacity of 32 MW, had been constructed and were operating in 2006.

37: 2003:. However, there are limited high capacity transmission lines capable of transmitting the necessary amounts of electricity across that distance, leading to curtailments in the northwest and a need for fossil fuels in the southeast. The development of more long-distance, high-voltage transmission lines is necessary to maximising the use of the renewable energy that is being produced. Broader infrastructure initiatives like this can ensure the efficacy of renewable energy policy in China. 1343: 1969:) and thus conserving domestic resources, lowering energy consumption, lessening China's dependence on imported oil (80%–90% of which must be shipped through unsafe waters), and reducing pollution discharge. Multiple long-distance high-tension, high-capacity line for international transmission have been built, including a 110kV transmission project, and three others with 220kV, 220kV, and 550kV. China also is considering connecting its power transmission lines with 7372: 6858: 6212: 5825: 5592: 5522: 5263: 4958: 2015: 5416: 7382: 5299: 5287: 5275: 4968: 283:

have 80 per cent of its total energy mix come from non-fossil fuel sources by 2060, and achieve a combined 1,200 GW of solar and wind capacity by 2030. In 2023, it was reported that China was on track to reach 1,371 gigawatts of wind and solar by 2025, five years ahead of target due to new renewables installations breaking records. In 2024, it was reported that China would reach its target by the end of July 2024, six years ahead of target.

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126.6 billion or 45% of the global investments. According to researcher Dr Cornelia Tremann, "China has since become the world's largest investor, producer and consumer of renewable energy worldwide, manufacturing state-of-the-art solar panels, wind turbines and hydroelectric energy facilities" as well as becoming the world's largest producer of electric cars and buses.

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hasn't been synchronised with the time-consuming procurement of land permits to build grid connection. It takes more than twice as long to obtain the necessary permits and approval for the construction of high-voltage transmission lines and other grid connections as it does to obtain the permits and begin construction of power plants, creating a significant time lag.

1796:, Jiangsu Province. Earlier in 2006 Bosch Rexroth started up its Shanghai Jinqiao (Golden Bridge) factory, which is involved in the manufacture, installation, distribution and service of transmission and control parts and systems; the Shanghai facility will also serve as Bosch's principal center for technology, personnel and distribution in China. 1768:, of a total of more than 600 registered CDM Projects worldwide through mid-April 2007, there are now 70 registered CDM projects in China. The pace of Chinese CDM project registration is accelerating; prior to the beginning of 2007 China had 34 registered CDM projects, yet to date in 2007 another 36 Chinese CDM projects have been registered. 287:

2020, renewable energy comprised about 40% of China's total installed electric power capacity, and 26% of total power generation. By 2021, it had grown to 29.4% of total power generation. The share of renewables in total power generation is expected to continue increasing to 36% by 2025, in line with China's pledge to achieve

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The Renewable Energy Law passed in 2005 explicitly states in its first chapter that the development and the usage of renewable energy is a prioritised area in energy development. The law established China's framework for regulating renewable energy. It also created four mechanisms designed to promote

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As of year end 2021 hydroelectric power remains by far the largest component of renewable electricity production at 1,340 TWh. Wind power provided the next largest share with 655 TWh, followed by solar at 327 TWh, subsequent to rapid growth from a low base of just 152 GWh in 2008.

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The Shanghai Power Transmission and Distribution Joint Stock Company, a subsidiary of the Shanghai Electric and Gas Group Joint Stock Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Canada's Xantrex Technology, Inc, to build a factory to design, manufacture and sell solar and wind power electric

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According to the UNFCCC database, by November 2011, China was the leading host nation for CDM projects with 1661 projects (46.32%) of a total of 3586 registered project activities (100%). According to the IGES (Japan), the running total of CERs generated by CDM projects in China at 31 March 2011 was

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Chinese policies explicitly promote the use of clean energy as well as increasing the use of domestically manufactured technology. In the clean energy sector, China is a leading source of technology transfer to other developing countries. Since 2010 it has often led the European Union and the United

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capacity, and is expected to contribute 43% of global renewable capacity growth. China's total renewable energy capacity exceeded 1,000 GW in 2021, accounting for 43.5 per cent of the country's total power generation capacity, 10.2 percentage points higher than in 2015. The country aims to

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that border China. Until 2020, Russia exported a total of 30.42 TWh electricity to China, decreasing coal consumption in the latter by 10.17 million tons. By importing electricity China not only reduced its dependence on imported crude oil, but also enhanced energy security by diversifying its

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As of 2010, China has become the world's largest maker of wind turbines, surpassing Denmark, Germany, Spain, and the United States. The initial future target set by the Chinese government was 10 GW by 2010, but the total installed capacity for wind power generation in China had already reached

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Although China currently has the world's largest installed capacity of hydro, solar and wind power, its energy needs are so large that in 2019, renewable sources provided 26% of its electricity generation—compared to 17% in the U.S.—with most of the remainder provided by coal power plants. In early

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There are significant logistical challenges to renewable energy in China. One such issue is grid connections from renewable energy power sources to the electricity grid. In recent years renewable energy developers have rushed to rapidly build wind farms, solar panels, and other power plants, which

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Geothermal resources in China are abundant and widely distributed throughout the country. There are over 2,700 hot springs occurring at the surface, with temperatures exceeding 250 °C. In 1990, the total flow rate of thermal water for direct uses amounted to over 9,500 kg/s, making China

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in the Henan province using its own proprietary solar technology. The agreement was signed by LDK for a 500 MW solar project in the desert, alongside First Solar and Ordos City. The effort to drive the renewable energy use in China was further assured after the speech of the Chinese President

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Deng, Haifeng and Farah, Paolo Davide and Wang, Anna, China's Role and Contribution in the Global Governance of Climate Change: Institutional Adjustments for Carbon Tax Introduction, Collection and Management in China (24 November 2015). Journal of World Energy Law and Business, Oxford University

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plans to further develop and improve standards for conservation and comprehensive use of natural resources in the following areas: energy, water, wood and land conservation, development of renewable energy, the comprehensive utilisation of mineral resources, recovery, recycling and reuse of scrap

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fuel consumption in China. In the 11th Five Year Plan period (2006 through 2010) China planned to develop six megatons/year of fuel ethanol capacity, which is expected to grow to 15 megatons/year by 2020. Despite this level of production, experts say that there will be no threat to food security,

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Furthermore, even when connections have been built sometimes the grid still cannot absorb all of the electricity produced because the connections have voltage limits below what is being produced by many of China's renewable energy power plants, a phenomenon called curtailment. This issue of grid

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as of 2007, China has wasted an average of 400 million tons carbon equivalents annually. In 2020, China consumed 4.98 gigatons coal equivalents, up from 2.46 in 2006. According to Dai Yande, the chairman of the Energy Research Institute of the NDRC, while continued high consumption of energy is

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In 2008 China was the fourth largest producer of wind power after the United States, Germany, and Spain. At the end of 2008, wind power in China accounted for 12.2 GW of electricity generating capacity. By the end of 2008, at least fifteen Chinese companies were commercially producing wind

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The country is the world's largest investor in renewable energy, with the country's companies accounting for four of the world's five biggest renewable energy deals made in 2016. In 2017, investments in renewable energy amounted to US$ 279.8 billion worldwide, with China accounting for US$

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China is also a major leader of clean energy technology. As Chinese renewable manufacturing has grown, the costs of renewable energy technologies have dropped dramatically due to both innovation and economies of scale from market expansion. In 2015, China became the world's largest producer of

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In 2021, China produced 7.727% of its energy from hydroelectric, 2.32% from nuclear, and 7.141% from other renewable energy sources, from 2.25%, 8.468%, 5.77%, relatively, in 2020. By 2023, the total non-fossil electricity installed capacity was over 50% of the total capacity installed in the

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After the dissolution of the Energy and Industry Department in 1993, China has been running without a government agency effectively managing the country's energy. Related issues are supervised by multiple organisations such as the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), Ministry of

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Following the new incentive scheme of Golden Sun announced by the government in 2009, there are numerous recent developments and plans announced by industry players that became part of the milestones for solar industry and technology development in China, such as the new thin film solar plant

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Contemporaneous with the Renewable Energy Law, China issued its Eleventh Five Year Plan. It sought to move China away from energy-intensive manufacturing and into high-value sectors. Every subsequent plan has done the same and, like the Eleventh, they have also highlighted the importance of

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In 2018, transportation's share of energy consumption in China was 10.0%, consuming 436.2 million tons carbon equivalent, up by 7.6% in 2009 and 58.6 Mtce in 1995. The growth rate of the percentage, meanwhile, have seen a steady decline from 2010 to 2018, down from 10.8% to 3.5%.

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In 2009, China amended the Renewable Energy Law to improve the process through which renewable energy is connected to the power grid and distributed. These amendments also sought to address interprovincial equity in bearing to costs associated with developing renewable energy.

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China has become a world leader in the manufacture of solar photovoltaic technology, with its six biggest solar companies having a combined value of over $ 15 billion. Around 820 MW of solar PV were produced in China in 2007, second only to Japan.

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China encourages foreign companies, especially from the United States, to visit and invest in Chinese wind power generation. However, use of wind energy in China has not always kept up with the remarkable construction of wind power capacity in the country.

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the development of China's renewable energy: (1) a national renewable energy target, (2) a mandatory connection and purchase policy, (3) a feed-in tariff system, and (4) a cost-sharing mechanism which includes a fund for renewable energy development.

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manufacturing, Bosch Rexroth (China) Ltd. contracted €120 million in wind turbo generator business in China in 2006, a 66% increase year-on-year. Responding to the increase in wind energy business in China, Bosch Rexroth (China) Ltd. invested

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project and expressed that coal-to-liquids production was one important part of China's energy security, there have been many new 'coal to oil' projects announced by many large coal producing provinces and cities. As of the end of 2006, 88

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The overall share of electricity generated from renewable sources based on the figures in the above table has grown from a little over 17% in 2008 to a little over 27.7% by 2021. Solar and wind power continue to grow at a rapid pace.

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In 2021 a total of 8571.4 TWh of electricity was generated in China, up from 7814.3 in 2020, from an installed base of 2380 GW of power generating capacity, 12.6% among which from windpower sources and 12.2% from solar sources.

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expressed concern that there would be increasing competition worldwide between bio-fuels and food consumption for agricultural products and that that competition would likely continue to result in increases in the price of crops.

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Chinese energy experts estimate that by 2050 the share of electricity from coal will decline to 30%–50%, and that the remaining 50%–70% will come from a combination of oil, natural gas, and renewable energy sources, including

1852:. In 2006 in China storms, floods, heat and drought killed more than 2,700 people; effects ranged from drought in the southwest of China, which were the worst since records began to be kept in the late nineteenth century, to 1700:

Law of the People's Republic of China, Article 18 of the Renewable Energy Law of the People's Republic of China and Article 12 of the Regulations of the People's Republic of China Concerning Restoring Farmland to Forest.

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projects were planned; their total was 48.5 megatons/year. By 2019, methyl alcohol output reached 69.9 megatons/year. This rapid development to build coal to oil projects prompted concerns about wasteful development and

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In 2020, 84.33% of Chinese primary energy consumption relied on fossil fuels, and 56.56% of it relied on coal, down from 70% in 2011. These energy production processes generated approximately 9.9 billion tonnes of

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in China is only 30%, less than one-half the rate of recovery throughout the world; the rate of recovery of coal resources in the US, Australia, Germany and Canada is ~80%. The rate of recovery of coal from mining in

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continues to increase. Based on planned ethanol projects in some provinces in China, the output of corn would be insufficient to provide the raw material for plants in these provinces. In the recently published

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Although in some countries there are aesthetic objections to large-scale solar farms, in China they are often perceived as an aesthetic positive due to their associations with modernity and green development.

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Although in some countries there are aesthetic objections to large-scale wind farms, in China they are often perceived as an aesthetic positive due to their associations with modernity and green development.

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that move it away from being the "World's Factory" and improves energy efficiency. It also must avoid unnecessary waste, foster a sustainable economy and encourage renewable energy to reduce its reliance on

302:. China's Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution issued by China's State Council in September 2013, illustrates the government's desire to increase the share of renewables in China's 1427:. China also increased the production of small-scale wind turbines to about 80,000 turbines (80 MW) in 2008. Through all these developments, the Chinese wind industry appeared unaffected by the 306:. Unlike oil, coal and gas, the supplies of which are finite and subject to geopolitical tensions, renewable energy systems can be built and used wherever there is sufficient water, wind, and sun. 1995:

connection is especially true in regard to long-distance transmission of electricity. Most of China's wind and solar energy sources, and thus its renewable energy power plants, are located in the

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from animal manure. As of at least 2023, China is both the world's largest producer and largest consumer of household biogas, with more than 30 million rural households using biogas digesters.

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in China has expanded 100-fold. However, China is not expected to achieve grid parity – when an alternate source of energy is as cheap or cheaper than power purchased from the grid—until 2022.

4928: 4887: 7416: 1320:. By the end of 2019, China's hydropower capacity reached 356 GW. China's installed capacity of solar power reached 252 GW and wind power capacity was 282 GW, as of 2020. 6909: 4897: 1761:

topped by HFC reduction/avoidance projects (365,577 x 1000t/CO2-e) followed by hydro power (227,693), wind power (149,492), N2O decomposition (102,798), and methane recovery (102,067).

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China's solar exports in 2022 grew by 64% to US$ 52 billion. Chinese exports mainly consist of solar modules, with Europe being the destination for 56% of the share of exports in 2022.

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As of 2021, China operates four of the world's six largest dams. These include the world's biggest (Three Gorges Dam, with 22.5 gigawatts capacity) and second biggest (Baihetan Dam).

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given at the UN climate summit on 22 September 2009 in New York, pledging that China would adopt plans to use 15% of its energy from renewable sources within a decade.

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resulting from costly emissions reductions in developing counties. China became the largest source of credits (i.e., Certified Emissions Reductions or CERs).

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By 2009 China had total installed windpower capacity up to 26 GW. China has identified wind power as a key growth component of the country's economy.

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in central and southeastern China. The weather events in China in 2006 were seen to be a prelude to weather patterns likely to become more common due to

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In the year 2022, China is set to install more 56 GW of wind turbines, of which 50 GW are from onshore wind and 6W from offshore wind turbines.

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By 2020, installed power for hydropower, wind, solar and biomass had increased to 385 GW, 299 GW, 282 GW and 35.34 GW, respectively.

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turbines and several dozen more were producing components. Turbine sizes of 1.5 MW and 2 MW became common. Leading wind power companies were

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On 13 April 2007, the Department of Science, Technology and Education of the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture hosted the Asian regional workshop on

1407:, China aimed to have 210 GW of wind power capacity by 2020. It exceeded that goal, reaching 276 GW of onshore wind power by the end of 2020. 3237: 6428: 6252: 5238: 1492:(PV). It is the world's largest solar panel manufacturer as of at least 2024. It also has the world's largest domestic market for solar panels. 5778: 5128: 2592: 2639: 6393: 6152: 5706: 5337: 3458: 1448:

In 2020, China deployed 71.7 GW of wind energy capacity, a 60% increase compared to 2019 and more than the rest of the world combined.

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and state-owned China Power International Holding (CPIH) announced their plan to cooperate in developing offshore wind in China and Europe.

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Following a report from China Renewable Energy Engineering Institute, in 2022 China is set to install more 100 GW of solar panels.

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in rural China. These provisions include Article 54 of the Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China, Articles 4 and 11 of the

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As of 2020, China had more than 150 dams with generating capacity of more than 300 megawatts and installed capacity of 369 gigawatts.

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for solar PV panel manufacturing. Policy support for solar panel manufacturing has been a part of every Five-Year Plan since.

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China has the largest wind resources in the world and three-quarters of this natural resource is located at sea. Per its 13th

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Jiang, Ting (2024). "Belt and Road by the Sea: 21st Century Maritime Silk Road". In Fang, Qiang; Li, Xiaobing (eds.).

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unavoidable, China must take steps to change the form of its economic growth and increase substantially the

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organised by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Climate change will affect

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States in clean energy investments. As of at least 2024, it is the world's leading energy financier.

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Cooperating for the Climate: Learning from International Partnerships in China's Clean Energy Sector

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By the end of 2019, the country had a total capacity of 790 GW of renewable power, mainly from

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The Belt and Road City: Geopolitics, Urbanization, and China's Search for a New International Order

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flooding. Coastal zones are under increasing risk from sea level rises as well as pollution and

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prompted significant stimulus efforts by China to invigorate its then-struggling solar industry.

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China and Russia are linking their electric power networks so that China can buy power from the

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though there will be an increasing number of farmers who will be "farming oil" if the price of

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and gas electronics products. The new company is in the final stages of the approval process.

1389: 6789: 6692: 6521: 5960: 3294: 3179: 3037: 6887: 2524: 270:, with over triple the generation of the second-ranking country, the United States. China's 6876: 6750: 6582: 6516: 6366: 6183: 6063: 5983: 5893: 5833: 5718: 5162: 5137: 4329: 4105:"China's Carbon Emissions Directly Linked to Rise In Daily Temperature Spikes, Study Finds" 3546: 2418: 2053: 1974: 1925: 1921: 1686: 1483: 148: 94: 3835: 3739: 8: 6755: 6501: 6344: 6058: 5943: 5938: 5818: 5646: 5346: 5200: 5167: 4912: 4583: 4429: 2978: 2048: 1904:, nuclear power, biomass, solar energy, wind energy, and other renewable energy sources. 1880: 1697: 1682: 1497: 1466: 1398: 178: 89: 3866: 2422: 1892:, up from 8.1 billion tonnes in 2010 and accounting for 30.9% of global emissions. 20: 6610: 6577: 6531: 6526: 6102: 6036: 5641: 5157: 5147: 5109: 4544:

Dong, Jie-fang; Wang, Qiang; Deng, Chun; Wang, Xing-min; Zhang, Xiao-lei (April 2016).

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Several provisions in relevant Chinese laws and regulations address the development of

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Li, Jing; Fang, Hong; Fang, Siran; Zhang, Zhiming; Zhang, Pengyuan (25 July 2021).

4147: 3936: 3298: 2448: 2426: 2143: 2103: 1962: 1845: 1837: 1829: 1629: 1346: 271: 114: 109: 56: 3836:"Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China (Order of the President No.81)" 3093: 5793: 5493: 5395: 3873: 3792: 3718: 3663: 3515: 3100: 2000: 1825: 1720: 1428: 299: 295: 41: 25: 3455:"First Solar to Team With Ordos City on Major Solar Power Plant in China Desert" 3440: 314:, with 43 GW of total installed capacity. From 2005 to 2014, production of 6742: 6137: 5873: 5631: 4152: 4135: 3260: 2148: 1978:

foreign energy sources, making China less vulnerable to disruptions in supply.

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Solar power water heaters are very popular among middle sized cities in China.

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As of at least 2024, China has the largest domestic market for wind turbines.

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of industry and society. Among other things, China should find new points of

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As of at least 2023, solar power in China is cheaper than coal-fired power.

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China coal industry unlikely to open up completely to foreign owners – AACI

3586: 3320: 2854:"China doubles new renewable capacity in 2020; still builds thermal plants" 2440: 2034: 1841: 1342: 275: 168: 4330:

China Association of Alcohol and Ether Fuel and Automobiles (March 2021).

3824:

http://www.newenergy.org.cn/html/0066/2006620_10460.html太阳热水器国家标准与行业标准发展背景

2562:"India is beating China in the race to build massive solar power projects" 1681:

technology as a strategic emerging industry, particularly in the areas of

6294: 4971: 4142:. 2021 International Conference on Energy Engineering and Power Systems. 2893:"China reports installing record 72 GW of new wind capacity in 2020" 1809: 1780: 1693: 1577: 315: 183: 173: 141: 131: 3302: 2320:"Electricity in the U.S. - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)" 1937: 1901: 1784: 1549: 1317: 303: 200: 195: 136: 126: 5315: 4565: 3813:

http://www.hbsafety.cn/article/318/320/201002/69453.shtml水电站大坝运行安全管理规定

2525:"China's solar capacity overtakes Germany in 2015, industry data show" 1734:'s energy projects are in clean energy or alternative energy sectors. 1712:

convened a conference on the occasion of the first anniversary of the

268:

world's leader in electricity production from renewable energy sources

6783: 6712: 5483: 4486:"Analysis: China adds to UHV network to transfer surplus wind energy" 3637:

Chinese Village Life Today: Building Families in an Age of Transition

2500: 1793: 1554: 1357: 5415: 3961:"Xantrex and Shanghai Electric Supply China Renewable Energy Market" 2431: 2406: 2242:"China on Track to Blow Past Xi's Clean Power Goal Five Years Early" 2228:"China to remain leader in renewable energy capacity growth in 2022" 2014: 6304: 5550: 5473: 4430:"China's installed capacity of renewable energy expands in Jan–Nov" 3256:"China's Clean Energy Growth Outlook for 2022 Keeps Getting Bigger" 2359: 1970: 1857: 1840:

will cause problems such as water shortages and increased risks of

1799: 1537: 1416: 4982: 3340:

The Idea of China: Chinese Thinkers on Power, Progress, and People

3212:"Norway's Equinor to cooperate with China's CPIH in offshore wind" 2615:"Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2018 | Capacity4dev" 2588:"The East Is Green: China's Global Leadership in Renewable Energy" 6823: 5478: 4231:

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

3520:

China's World View: Demystifying China to Prevent Global Conflict

3383: 1966: 1804:

According to China's "Energy Blue Paper" recently written by the

1792: million in October 2006 in plant expansions in Beijing and 1704:

On 20 April 2007, the Environment and Resources Committee of the

1588: 1581: 1533: 1442: 1424: 84: 74: 5509: 2952: 2345:"China could exceed renewables generation target of 33% by 2025" 1737: 3337:

Bachulska, Alicja; Leonard, Mark; Oertel, Janka (2 July 2024).

2831:"International Hydropower Association. Country Profile – China" 2139:

The Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century(REN21)

1853: 1814: 1592: 1587:

Bioenergy is also used at the domestic level in China, both in

79: 29: 6626:

Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement

4190:"Statistical Review of World Energy | Energy economics | Home" 3427:"India's solar mission: How it is harnessing unlimited energy" 2679:"2020 electricity & other energy statistics (preliminary)" 2376:"China's Energy Policymaking Processes and Their Consequences" 2294:"2019 electricity & other energy statistics (preliminary)" 6917: 3238:"Digital solutions to optimise China's wind energy potential" 3089: 2404: 2138: 1911:

According to a study by the Energy Research Institute of the

1603: 1365: 1350: 6454:

State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission

2974:"China's Big Push for Renewable Energy: Scientific American" 2407:"Economics: Manufacture renewables to build energy security" 2380:

The National Bureau of Asian Research Energy Security Report

2358:

Press, Volume 8, Issue 6, December 2015. Available at SSRN:

330:

Renewable electricity generation in China by source in GWh:

6283:

National Fund for Technology Transfer and Commercialisation

3135:"Wind power becomes Europe's fastest growing energy source" 2705:"2019 detailed electricity statistics (update of Jan 2021)" 1775:

According to Theo Ramborst, the general manager and CEO of

436:

Electricity production (GWh) in China by source, 2008–2023

6631:

Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement

3867:

The Renewable Energy Law of the People's Republic of China

4460:"The Challenges and Promises of Greening China's Economy" 7417:

Science and technology in the People's Republic of China

3063:"China's Wind Power Industry: Blowing Past Expectations" 2897:

Institute for Energy Economics & Financial Analysis

1915:

on the economic circumstances of China's crude oil and

1783:, a world leader in controls, transmission and machine 1532:

China emerged as the world's third largest producer of

6404:

China Council for the Promotion of International Trade

4214:

Energy and Advanced Coal Utilization Strategy in China

3547:

Chinese development status of bioethanol and biodiesel

3336: 1753:

as means for countries with Kyoto targets to purchase

1766:

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

3284: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3030:"China's wind-power boom to outpace nuclear by 2020" 2010: 1875: 4464:

Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs

4454: 4452: 4450: 2806:"Renewables – Global Energy Review 2020 – Analysis" 2543:"Chinese solar capacity outshone Germany's in 2015" 2405:John A. Mathews & Hao Tan (10 September 2014). 3610:"Shaanxi Mothers, biogas for cooking and lighting" 1867:Based on a recently completed survey in 2007, the 6268:China Integrated Circuit Industry Investment Fund 4022:"China's Coal Industry: The Waste Has Us Gasping" 3441:"Anwell Produces its First Thin Film Solar Panel" 3275: 3114:"China tops the world in clean energy production" 1999:, while the highest electricity demand is in the 325: 7398: 4543: 4447: 3967:. Archived from the original on 8 September 2012 3937:http://www.iges.or.jp/en/cdm/report_country.html 3570:Sector looks set to grow to be pillar of economy 3162:"China Leading Global Race to Make Clean Energy" 3106: 1800:Environmental protection and energy conservation 1665:(1981–1985) was the first to address government 6429:Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 6253:China Banknote Printing and Minting Corporation 5239:China Nuclear International Uranium Corporation 4224: 4134:Li, Binlin; Haneklaus, Nils (1 November 2021). 3457:. First Solar. 8 September 2009. Archived from 2593:Center for Strategic and International Studies 1828:in different but consistently negative ways. 6903: 6394:All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce 5566: 5331: 4998: 4591: 4513:Global Energy Interconnection | ScienceDirect 2373: 1624: 247: 6434:National Financial Regulatory Administration 4605: 3947:Source: UNFCCC website, statistics section: 3465: 3253: 3249: 3247: 3094:Renewables Global Status Report: 2009 Update 2877:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1808:, the average rate of recovery of coal from 291:before 2060 and peak emissions before 2030. 6646:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 5663:Grasping the large, letting go of the small 4360:"China Coal Chemical Industry Report, 2006" 4133: 3406:"Size key to success in solar panel sector" 3288: 2852:Stanway, Muyu Xu, David (21 January 2021). 2164:Renewable energy legislation and incentives 6910: 6896: 6867: 6621:Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Greater Bay Area 6459:State Administration for Market Regulation 6444:National Development and Reform Commission 5573: 5559: 5338: 5324: 5005: 4991: 4598: 4584: 4102: 2835:International Hydropower Association – IHA 2222: 2220: 2218: 1913:National Development and Reform Commission 1710:National Development and Reform Commission 254: 240: 212:Nuclear power proposed as renewable energy 6919:Renewable energy by country and territory 6328:National Equities Exchange and Quotations 4564: 4483: 4398: 4352: 4302: 4260: 4242: 4207: 4151: 4075: 4050: 4039: 4014: 3993: 3953: 3941: 3930: 3918: 3878: 3860: 3849: 3828: 3817: 3806: 3785: 3774: 3753: 3732: 3711: 3689: 3668: 3657: 3607: 3601: 3580: 3574: 3563: 3551: 3540: 3447: 3433: 3419: 3397: 3254:Ding, Luz; Murtaugh, Dan (24 June 2022). 3244: 3193: 3180:"China blasts through wind energy target" 3172: 3153: 3127: 3021: 2430: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2159:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 1441:In September 2019, Norwegian energy firm 6464:State Administration of Foreign Exchange 3898:China under Xi Jinping: A New Assessment 3159: 3057: 3055: 3001:"The 13th Five-Year-Plan for Wind Power" 2966: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2480: 2478: 1879: 1628: 1602: 1488:China produces 63% of the world's solar 1473: 1465: 1388: 1356: 1341: 35: 19: 5345: 5094:State Electricity Regulatory Commission 3332: 3330: 2922: 2918: 2916: 2914: 2851: 2476: 2474: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2462: 2460: 2458: 2374:Andrews-Speed, Philip (November 2014). 2215: 1869:Standardization Administration of China 1478:Global Horizontal Irradiation in China. 7399: 6439:National Bureau of Statistics of China 6409:China Securities Regulatory Commission 5084:National Nuclear Safety Administration 3889: 3634: 2393: 2129:World energy resources and consumption 1521: 6891: 5554: 5319: 4986: 4579: 4310:"Improving Chinese energy efficiency" 4083:"China jumps into e-waste initiative" 3895: 3348:European Council on Foreign Relations 3085: 3083: 3052: 3027: 2925:An Ecological History of Modern China 2494: 2266: 2123:International Renewable Energy Agency 1936:Since June 2006 when Chinese Premier 294:China sees renewables as a source of 6656:Western Taiwan Straits Economic Zone 6601:Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank 6399:All-China Federation of Trade Unions 5580: 5533: 5448:Longyuan Rudong Intertidal Wind Farm 5033:China Beijing Environmental Exchange 3628: 3473:"China pioneers in renewable energy" 3327: 2911: 2841:from the original on 6 January 2021. 2585: 2455: 2369: 2367: 2074:List of offshore wind farms in China 1647: 6133:Hong Kong Trade Development Council 5012: 4509: 4058:"China to share disaster expertise" 3508: 3160:Bradsher, Keith (30 January 2010). 3028:Miles, Rujun Shen (20 April 2009). 2781:"中华人民共和国2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 - 国家统计局" 2756:"中华人民共和国2022年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 - 国家统计局" 1431:, according to industry observers. 13: 5637:Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns 5244:China National Nuclear Corporation 5196:HVDC Three Gorges – Guangdong 5191:HVDC Three Gorges – Changzhou 4103:Borenstein, Seth (12 April 2013). 3885:Environmental Regulations in China 3514: 3289:Curtis, Simon; Klaus, Ian (2024). 3080: 2646: 2134:Renewable energy commercialisation 2089:Electric vehicle industry in China 1806:Chinese Academy of Social Sciences 1779:(China) Ltd., a subsidiary of the 274:sector is growing faster than its 14: 7428: 6661:Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone 6414:General Administration of Customs 6278:China Reform Holdings Corporation 5669:Scientific Outlook on Development 5249:Electric power companies of China 4406:"China-Russia Energy Cooperation" 3583:"Daxu, stoves burning crop waste" 3364:from the original on 17 July 2024 2364: 1876:Energy production and consumption 1656: 1438:25.1 GW by the end of 2009. 7380: 7371: 7370: 6935:Democratic Republic of the Congo 6866: 6857: 6856: 6708:2008–2009 economic stimulus plan 6469:State Administration of Taxation 6357:Stock Exchange Executive Council 6211: 6210: 5824: 5823: 5591: 5590: 5532: 5521: 5520: 5508: 5414: 5381:Bayannur Wulanyiligeng Wind Farm 5297: 5285: 5273: 5262: 5261: 4966: 4957: 4956: 4537: 4001:"Bosch Rexroth revs up capacity" 3856:Energy Conservation Law of China 2586:Chiu, Dominic (6 October 2017). 2499:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The 2360:http://ssrn.com/abstract=2695612 2027: 2013: 1872:materials and clean production. 63: 6718:2015–16 stock market turbulence 6641:Pearl River Delta Economic Zone 5216:Ultra-high-voltage transmission 4503: 4477: 4422: 4373: 4323: 4277: 4218: 4182: 4168: 4127: 4096: 3486: 3376: 3230: 3204: 2993: 2945: 2885: 2845: 2823: 2798: 2773: 2748: 2723: 2697: 2671: 2632: 2607: 2579: 2553: 2535: 2517: 2196: 2187: 2069:List of power stations in China 223:Topics by country and territory 44:reservoir and solar power park. 6636:Northeast China Revitalization 6273:China Internet Investment Fund 6258:China Government Guidance Fund 4924:British Indian Ocean Territory 4510:Liu, Zhenya (21 August 2015). 3695: 3641:University of Washington Press 3443:. Solarbuzz. 7 September 2009. 3403: 3008:National Energy Administration 2929:University of Washington Press 2351: 2337: 2312: 2286: 2260: 2234: 1461: 326:Renewable electricity overview 1: 6728:China–United States trade war 6593:Regional economic initiatives 6546:National economic initiatives 6263:China-Africa Development Fund 5657:Deng Xiaoping's southern tour 5079:China Atomic Energy Authority 4332:"Methanol Fuel in China 2020" 3664:Geothermal Resources in China 3558:World Economic Outlook Update 3429:. EcoSeed. 23 September 2009. 2559: 2209: 1985: 1598: 1580:Economic Development Zone in 1384: 1364:hydroelectric power plant in 1349:hydroelectric power plant in 1337: 6829:List of Chinese by net worth 6812:China Compulsory Certificate 6723:Protein export contamination 6374:Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange 6290:China Investment Corporation 5754:Business process outsourcing 4484:Jianxiang, Yang; Shan, Gao. 2709:China Energy Portal | 中国能源门户 2683:China Energy Portal | 中国能源门户 2298:China Energy Portal | 中国能源门户 2079:Automotive industry in China 1822:adaptation to climate change 298:and not just only to reduce 7: 6143:Water supply and sanitation 5406:Shangyi Qijiashan Wind Farm 4381:"中国找外援解"电荒" 俄罗斯对华输电量翻倍-侨报网" 2174:Renewable energy by country 2006: 1965:to supply Northeast China ( 1832:will experience changes in 1747:Clean Development Mechanism 1739:Clean Development Mechanism 1609:Yangbajain Geothermal Field 1566:International Monetary Fund 1470:PV capacity growth in China 1333:Electricity sector in China 228:Marketing and policy trends 10: 7433: 6651:Rise of Central China Plan 6449:National Energy Commission 5089:SASAC of the State Council 4153:10.1016/j.egyr.2021.09.194 3740:"可再生能源十二五规划初稿拟定水电核电领衔新能源" 3524:W. W. Norton & Company 2267:Ahmed, Zo (22 July 2024). 1706:National People's Congress 1636: 1625:National laws and policies 1613: 1525: 1481: 1396: 1371: 1330: 1326: 7407:Renewable energy in China 7366: 7335: 7299: 7263: 7186: 7078: 7071: 6978: 6925: 6847: 6741: 6684:2005–2011 property bubble 6674: 6616:China Western Development 6591: 6545: 6477: 6384: 6323:Dalian Commodity Exchange 6197: 6161: 6079: 6012: 5974: 5692: 5602: 5588: 5502: 5461: 5438:Guishan Offshore Windfarm 5423: 5412: 5371: 5363:Renewable energy in China 5353: 5257: 5229: 5176: 5102: 5071: 5020: 4952: 4911: 4871: 4613: 4607:Renewable energy in Asia 3985:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3761:"金太阳示范工程财政补助资金管理暂行办法(全文)" 2495:Lewis, Joanna I. (2023). 2059:Geothermal power in China 1730:Approximately 54% of the 1616:Geothermal power in China 1607:A 24 MW power station in 1393:Mean Wind Speed in China. 1374:Hydroelectricity in China 1271: 1228: 1185: 1142: 460: 455: 452: 449: 446: 443: 440: 40:Satellite picture of the 6558:Belt and Road Initiative 6537:Rural credit cooperative 6310:Foreign exchange reserve 6243:Beijing Financial Street 5652:Socialist market economy 5433:Donghai Bridge Wind Farm 4673:East Timor (Timor-Leste) 4178:. Reuters. 12 June 2023. 3635:Santos, Gonçalo (2021). 3293:. New Haven and London: 2923:Harrell, Stevan (2023). 2731:"中国电力企业联合会网-中国最大的行业门户网站" 2180: 2118:Renewable energy in Asia 1997:northwest of the country 1732:Belt and Road Initiative 1591:stoves and by producing 6800:Globalization and women 6666:Zhongyuan Economic Zone 6606:Beibu Gulf Economic Rim 6386:Government institutions 6362:Shenzhen Stock Exchange 6352:Shanghai Metal Exchange 6340:Shanghai Stock Exchange 6004:Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park 5989:Megalopolises in China 5453:Xiangshui demonstration 5304:Renewable energy portal 4934:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 3902:Leiden University Press 2084:Climate change in China 2021:Renewable energy portal 1956:unintended consequences 1836:cover, while vanishing 6839:Science and technology 6733:2020–2021 reform spree 6487:International rankings 6333:Beijing Stock Exchange 5999:Suzhou Industrial Park 5994:Special Economic Zones 5489:A Power Energy Systems 5401:Huitengliang Wind Farm 5358:Energy policy of China 5186:HVDC Gezhouba–Shanghai 5177:Electricity generation 5058:List of power stations 4244:10.3390/ijerph18157873 3965:Renewable Energy World 3676:"国家能源部雏形初现折射中国能源格局混乱" 3067:Renewable Energy World 2619:capacity4dev.europa.eu 2094:Energy policy of China 1884: 1639:Energy policy of China 1634: 1611: 1572:Work has begun on the 1561:World Economic Outlook 1479: 1471: 1394: 1369: 1354: 189:Tidal stream generator 45: 33: 6189:Intellectual property 5684:1949–1976 wage reform 5627:Industrial Revolution 5515:Wind power portal 5221:Yunnan–Guangdong HVDC 5028:Carbon trading scheme 3295:Yale University Press 1883: 1637:Further information: 1632: 1606: 1477: 1469: 1392: 1360: 1345: 39: 23: 6877:Economy of East Asia 6583:Youth Business China 6419:Ministry of Commerce 6367:SZSE Component Index 5984:Dalian Software Park 5462:Wind power companies 5386:Dabancheng Wind Farm 4848:United Arab Emirates 4490:windpowermonthly.com 4109:The Huffingtion Post 3872:15 July 2007 at the 3384:"Global Solar Atlas" 3099:12 June 2009 at the 2347:. 23 September 2022. 2054:Solar power in China 1975:former Soviet states 1926:economic development 1714:Renewable Energy Law 1484:Solar power in China 149:Marine current power 95:Crosswind kite power 6424:Ministry of Finance 6345:SSE Composite Index 6315:Hedge fund industry 6162:Law and regulations 5869:academic publishing 5647:Four Modernizations 5425:Offshore wind farms 5391:Danjinghe Wind Farm 5347:Wind power in China 4875:limited recognition 3719:"中华人民共和国可再生能源法(全文)" 3616:on 11 December 2008 3589:on 15 February 2009 3346:. Berlin, Germany: 3303:10.2307/jj.11589102 3240:. 23 November 2021. 3218:. 25 September 2019 2979:Scientific American 2953:"Global Wind Atlas" 2423:2014Natur.513..166M 2049:Wind power in China 1698:Energy Conservation 1522:Biomass and biofuel 1498:Anwell Technologies 1399:Wind power in China 437: 179:Sustainable biofuel 90:Carbon-neutral fuel 51:Part of a series on 6834:Chinese economists 6807:National Standards 6703:2007 slave scandal 6611:Bohai Economic Rim 6578:Made in China 2025 6527:Internal migration 6512:Standard of living 6300:Financial services 6174:Labor contract law 6128:Illegal drug trade 6098:World Trade Center 5934:Telecommunications 5882:equipment industry 5714:Advanced materials 5679:Population history 5642:Great Leap Forward 5596:Companies of China 5373:Onshore wind farms 5230:State-owned energy 5153:Petroleum industry 5043:Electricity sector 4339:Methanol Institute 3698:"国家能源委员会成立温家宝任主任" 3200:中国风电装机容量连续5年增长100% 3166:The New York Times 2549:. 21 January 2016. 2531:. 21 January 2016. 2202:Excluding biomass. 2193:Including biomass. 2169:Sustainable energy 2099:Pollution in China 2064:Bioenergy in China 1933:energy resources. 1885: 1635: 1612: 1528:Bioenergy in China 1480: 1472: 1395: 1370: 1355: 435: 429:Biofuels and waste 312:photovoltaic power 105:Geothermal heating 46: 34: 7412:Industry in China 7394: 7393: 7259: 7258: 6885: 6884: 6698:2007 stock bubble 6563:Common prosperity 6553:Beijing Consensus 6507:Income inequality 5976:Development Zones 5548: 5547: 5469:Dongfang Electric 5313: 5312: 4980: 4979: 4917:other territories 4566:10.3390/su8040337 3781:发改委关于促进风电产业发展实施意见 3650:978-0-295-74738-5 3357:978-1-916682-42-9 3141:. 3 February 2009 3017:on 16 April 2017. 2899:. 20 January 2021 2711:. 20 January 2021 2685:. 22 January 2021 2547:businessgreen.com 2510:978-0-262-54482-5 2417:(7517): 166–168. 2300:. 21 January 2020 2230:. 2 January 2022. 2154:Greenhouse effect 1946:coal liquefaction 1922:energy efficiency 1917:chemical industry 1850:natural resources 1838:mountain glaciers 1830:Temperate regions 1764:According to the 1749:emerged from the 1741:projects in China 1648:Government bodies 1306: 1305: 289:carbon neutrality 264: 263: 100:Geothermal energy 7424: 7384: 7374: 7373: 7317:French Polynesia 7076: 7075: 6912: 6905: 6898: 6889: 6888: 6872:Outline of China 6870: 6869: 6860: 6859: 6693:pet food recalls 6568:Dual circulation 6319:Stock Exchanges 6248:Financial system 6214: 6213: 6153:Trading partners 5899:Renewable energy 5827: 5826: 5594: 5593: 5582:Economy of China 5575: 5568: 5561: 5552: 5551: 5536: 5535: 5524: 5523: 5513: 5512: 5418: 5340: 5333: 5326: 5317: 5316: 5301: 5289: 5277: 5265: 5264: 5211:Three Gorges Dam 5179:and transmission 5132: 5125:Hydroelectricity 5063:Renewable energy 5007: 5000: 4993: 4984: 4983: 4970: 4960: 4959: 4929:Christmas Island 4615:Sovereign states 4600: 4593: 4586: 4577: 4576: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4550: 4541: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4507: 4501: 4500: 4498: 4496: 4481: 4475: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4456: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4415: 4410: 4402: 4396: 4395: 4393: 4391: 4385:uschinapress.com 4377: 4371: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4356: 4350: 4349: 4347: 4345: 4336: 4327: 4321: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4306: 4300: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4281: 4275: 4274: 4264: 4246: 4222: 4216: 4211: 4205: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4186: 4180: 4179: 4172: 4166: 4165: 4155: 4131: 4125: 4124: 4122: 4120: 4111:. 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Wood Mackenzie 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3469: 3463: 3462: 3461:on 3 March 2016. 3451: 3445: 3444: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3423: 3417: 3416: 3414: 3412: 3401: 3395: 3394: 3392: 3390: 3380: 3374: 3373: 3371: 3369: 3345: 3334: 3325: 3324: 3286: 3273: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3251: 3242: 3241: 3234: 3228: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3208: 3202: 3197: 3191: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3176: 3170: 3169: 3157: 3151: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3131: 3125: 3124: 3122: 3120: 3110: 3104: 3087: 3078: 3077: 3075: 3073: 3059: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3045: 3040:on 22 April 2009 3036:. Archived from 3025: 3019: 3018: 3016: 3010:. Archived from 3005: 2997: 2991: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2961: 2959: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2920: 2909: 2908: 2906: 2904: 2889: 2883: 2882: 2876: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2849: 2843: 2842: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2785:www.stats.gov.cn 2777: 2771: 2770: 2768: 2766: 2760:www.stats.gov.cn 2752: 2746: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2727: 2721: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2701: 2695: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2675: 2669: 2668: 2666: 2664: 2650: 2644: 2643: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2627: 2625: 2611: 2605: 2604: 2602: 2600: 2583: 2577: 2576: 2574: 2572: 2557: 2551: 2550: 2539: 2533: 2532: 2521: 2515: 2514: 2492: 2453: 2452: 2434: 2402: 2391: 2390: 2388: 2386: 2371: 2362: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2341: 2335: 2334: 2332: 2330: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2305: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2281: 2279: 2264: 2258: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2238: 2232: 2231: 2224: 2203: 2200: 2194: 2191: 2144:Hydrogen economy 2104:Three Gorges Dam 2037: 2032: 2031: 2030: 2023: 2018: 2017: 1963:Russian Far East 1846:overexploitation 1791: 1575: 1347:Three Gorges Dam 438: 434: 428: 422: 416: 410: 272:renewable energy 256: 249: 242: 120:Run-of-the-river 115:Hydroelectricity 110:Geothermal power 67: 57:Renewable energy 48: 47: 28:'s wind farm in 7432: 7431: 7427: 7426: 7425: 7423: 7422: 7421: 7397: 7396: 7395: 7390: 7362: 7331: 7295: 7255: 7182: 7067: 6974: 6921: 6916: 6886: 6881: 6843: 6737: 6670: 6587: 6541: 6473: 6380: 6193: 6179:Labor relations 6157: 6075: 6008: 5970: 5856:Pharmaceuticals 5688: 5622:Five-year plans 5598: 5584: 5579: 5549: 5544: 5507: 5498: 5494:Envision Energy 5457: 5419: 5410: 5396:Gansu Wind Farm 5367: 5349: 5344: 5314: 5309: 5253: 5231: 5225: 5201:HVDC Tian–Guang 5178: 5172: 5130: 5098: 5067: 5053:Energy security 5016: 5014:Energy in China 5011: 4981: 4976: 4948: 4916: 4907: 4888:Northern Cyprus 4874: 4867: 4609: 4604: 4574: 4548: 4542: 4538: 4528: 4526: 4524: 4508: 4504: 4494: 4492: 4482: 4478: 4468: 4466: 4458: 4457: 4448: 4438: 4436: 4428: 4427: 4423: 4413: 4411: 4408: 4404: 4403: 4399: 4389: 4387: 4379: 4378: 4374: 4364: 4362: 4358: 4357: 4353: 4343: 4341: 4334: 4328: 4324: 4314: 4312: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4293: 4291: 4283: 4282: 4278: 4223: 4219: 4212: 4208: 4198: 4196: 4188: 4187: 4183: 4174: 4173: 4169: 4132: 4128: 4118: 4116: 4115:on 6 March 2016 4101: 4097: 4087: 4085: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4066: 4064: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4044: 4040: 4030: 4028: 4020: 4019: 4015: 4005: 4003: 3999: 3998: 3994: 3978: 3977: 3970: 3968: 3959: 3958: 3954: 3946: 3942: 3935: 3931: 3923: 3919: 3912: 3894: 3890: 3883: 3879: 3874:Wayback Machine 3865: 3861: 3854: 3850: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3833: 3829: 3822: 3818: 3811: 3807: 3797: 3795: 3793:"中华人民共和国可再生能源法" 3791: 3790: 3786: 3779: 3775: 3765: 3763: 3759: 3758: 3754: 3744: 3742: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3723: 3721: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3702: 3700: 3694: 3690: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3662: 3658: 3651: 3633: 3629: 3619: 3617: 3608:Ashden Awards. 3606: 3602: 3592: 3590: 3581:Ashden Awards. 3579: 3575: 3568: 3564: 3556: 3552: 3545: 3541: 3534: 3513: 3509: 3499: 3497: 3492: 3491: 3487: 3477: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3453: 3452: 3448: 3439: 3438: 3434: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3410: 3408: 3402: 3398: 3388: 3386: 3382: 3381: 3377: 3367: 3365: 3358: 3343: 3335: 3328: 3313: 3287: 3276: 3266: 3264: 3252: 3245: 3236: 3235: 3231: 3221: 3219: 3210: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3194: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3177: 3173: 3158: 3154: 3144: 3142: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3118: 3116: 3112: 3111: 3107: 3101:Wayback Machine 3088: 3081: 3071: 3069: 3061: 3060: 3053: 3043: 3041: 3026: 3022: 3014: 3003: 2999: 2998: 2994: 2984: 2982: 2972: 2971: 2967: 2957: 2955: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2939: 2921: 2912: 2902: 2900: 2891: 2890: 2886: 2870: 2869: 2862: 2860: 2850: 2846: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2814: 2812: 2804: 2803: 2799: 2789: 2787: 2779: 2778: 2774: 2764: 2762: 2754: 2753: 2749: 2739: 2737: 2729: 2728: 2724: 2714: 2712: 2703: 2702: 2698: 2688: 2686: 2677: 2676: 2672: 2662: 2660: 2652: 2651: 2647: 2638: 2637: 2633: 2623: 2621: 2613: 2612: 2608: 2598: 2596: 2584: 2580: 2570: 2568: 2558: 2554: 2541: 2540: 2536: 2523: 2522: 2518: 2511: 2493: 2456: 2432:10.1038/513166a 2403: 2394: 2384: 2382: 2372: 2365: 2356: 2352: 2343: 2342: 2338: 2328: 2326: 2318: 2317: 2313: 2303: 2301: 2292: 2291: 2287: 2277: 2275: 2265: 2261: 2251: 2249: 2240: 2239: 2235: 2226: 2225: 2216: 2212: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2197: 2192: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2108: 2033: 2028: 2026: 2019: 2012: 2009: 1988: 1891: 1878: 1826:Asian countries 1802: 1789: 1743: 1721:Great Recession 1659: 1650: 1641: 1627: 1618: 1601: 1573: 1530: 1524: 1486: 1464: 1429:Great Recession 1401: 1387: 1376: 1340: 1335: 1329: 494: 457: 433: 432: 426: 420: 414: 408: 404: 403: 402: 399: 396: 393: 390: 387: 384: 381: 378: 375: 372: 369: 366: 363: 360: 357: 353: 352: 349: 346: 343: 340: 337: 328: 300:carbon emission 296:energy security 260: 42:Longyangxia Dam 12: 11: 5: 7430: 7420: 7419: 7414: 7409: 7392: 7391: 7389: 7388: 7378: 7367: 7364: 7363: 7361: 7360: 7355: 7350: 7345: 7339: 7337: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7329: 7324: 7319: 7314: 7309: 7303: 7301: 7297: 7296: 7294: 7293: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7273: 7267: 7265: 7261: 7260: 7257: 7256: 7254: 7253: 7252: 7251: 7244:United Kingdom 7241: 7236: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7206: 7201: 7196: 7190: 7188: 7184: 7183: 7181: 7180: 7175: 7170: 7165: 7160: 7155: 7150: 7145: 7140: 7135: 7130: 7125: 7120: 7115: 7110: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7093:Czech Republic 7090: 7084: 7082: 7080:European Union 7073: 7069: 7068: 7066: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7015: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6984: 6982: 6976: 6975: 6973: 6972: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6947: 6942: 6937: 6931: 6929: 6923: 6922: 6915: 6914: 6907: 6900: 6892: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6879: 6874: 6864: 6848: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6826: 6821: 6814: 6809: 6804: 6803: 6802: 6792: 6787: 6780: 6779: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6758: 6753: 6747: 6745: 6743:Related topics 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6686: 6680: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6669: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6597: 6595: 6589: 6588: 6586: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6549: 6547: 6543: 6542: 6540: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6492:Social welfare 6489: 6483: 6481: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6471: 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6390: 6388: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6378: 6377: 6376: 6371: 6370: 6369: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6348: 6347: 6337: 6336: 6335: 6325: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6286: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6239: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6218: 6207: 6205: 6195: 6194: 6192: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6165: 6163: 6159: 6158: 6156: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6113:Postal history 6110: 6108:Communications 6105: 6100: 6095: 6089: 6087: 6085:infrastructure 6077: 6076: 6074: 6073: 6072: 6071: 6066: 6061: 6051: 6046: 6045: 6044: 6042:Oil refineries 6039: 6029: 6024: 6018: 6016: 6010: 6009: 6007: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5980: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5947: 5946: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5885: 5884: 5876: 5871: 5862: 5853: 5848: 5843: 5838: 5837: 5836: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5784:Electric power 5781: 5779:Electric motor 5776: 5771: 5766: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5710: 5709: 5698: 5696: 5690: 5689: 5687: 5686: 5681: 5676: 5674:Historical GDP 5671: 5666: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5632:Iron rice bowl 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5608: 5606: 5600: 5599: 5589: 5586: 5585: 5578: 5577: 5570: 5563: 5555: 5546: 5545: 5543: 5542: 5530: 5518: 5503: 5500: 5499: 5497: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5458: 5456: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5443:Huaneng Rudong 5440: 5435: 5429: 5427: 5421: 5420: 5413: 5411: 5409: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5377: 5375: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5365: 5360: 5354: 5351: 5350: 5343: 5342: 5335: 5328: 5320: 5311: 5310: 5308: 5307: 5295: 5283: 5271: 5258: 5255: 5254: 5252: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5235: 5233: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5193: 5188: 5182: 5180: 5174: 5173: 5171: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5131:power stations 5129:Hydroelectric 5122: 5117: 5112: 5106: 5104: 5100: 5099: 5097: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5075: 5073: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5065: 5060: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5038:Climate change 5035: 5030: 5024: 5022: 5018: 5017: 5010: 5009: 5002: 4995: 4987: 4978: 4977: 4975: 4974: 4964: 4953: 4950: 4949: 4947: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4920: 4918: 4909: 4908: 4906: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4879: 4877: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4705: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4660: 4655: 4650: 4645: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4619: 4617: 4611: 4610: 4603: 4602: 4595: 4588: 4580: 4573: 4572: 4553:Sustainability 4536: 4522: 4502: 4476: 4446: 4421: 4397: 4372: 4351: 4322: 4301: 4276: 4217: 4206: 4181: 4167: 4140:Energy Reports 4126: 4095: 4074: 4049: 4038: 4013: 3992: 3952: 3940: 3929: 3917: 3910: 3888: 3877: 3859: 3848: 3827: 3816: 3805: 3784: 3773: 3752: 3731: 3710: 3688: 3667: 3656: 3649: 3627: 3600: 3573: 3562: 3560:, 25 July 2007 3550: 3539: 3533:978-0393292398 3532: 3507: 3485: 3464: 3446: 3432: 3418: 3396: 3375: 3356: 3326: 3311: 3274: 3261:Bloomberg News 3243: 3229: 3203: 3192: 3171: 3152: 3126: 3105: 3079: 3051: 3020: 2992: 2965: 2944: 2937: 2910: 2884: 2844: 2822: 2797: 2772: 2747: 2735:www.cec.org.cn 2722: 2696: 2670: 2654:"IEA – Report" 2645: 2631: 2606: 2578: 2552: 2534: 2516: 2509: 2454: 2392: 2363: 2350: 2336: 2311: 2285: 2259: 2248:. 28 June 2023 2233: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2205: 2204: 2195: 2185: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2149:Global warming 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2120: 2114: 2107: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2051: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2024: 2008: 2005: 1987: 1984: 1951:methyl alcohol 1889: 1877: 1874: 1862:global warming 1801: 1798: 1781:Bosch Group AG 1755:carbon credits 1751:Kyoto Protocol 1742: 1736: 1667:policy support 1663:Five-Year Plan 1661:China's Sixth 1658: 1657:Policy history 1655: 1649: 1646: 1626: 1623: 1614:Main article: 1600: 1597: 1526:Main article: 1523: 1520: 1482:Main article: 1463: 1460: 1405:Five-Year Plan 1397:Main article: 1386: 1383: 1372:Main article: 1339: 1336: 1331:Main article: 1328: 1325: 1304: 1303: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1255: 1252: 1250: 1248: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1218: 1217: 1212: 1209: 1207: 1205: 1203: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1175: 1174: 1169: 1166: 1164: 1162: 1160: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1119: 1117: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 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490:Solar thermal 488: 485: 482: 479: 476: 473: 470: 467: 463: 462: 459: 454: 451: 448: 445: 442: 431: 430: 424: 418: 412: 405: 400: 397: 394: 391: 388: 385: 382: 379: 376: 373: 370: 367: 364: 361: 358: 355: 354: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 334: 333: 332: 327: 324: 262: 261: 259: 258: 251: 244: 236: 233: 232: 231: 230: 225: 217: 216: 215: 214: 206: 205: 204: 203: 198: 193: 192: 191: 181: 176: 171: 166: 161: 156: 151: 146: 145: 144: 139: 134: 124: 123: 122: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 69: 68: 60: 59: 53: 52: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7429: 7418: 7415: 7413: 7410: 7408: 7405: 7404: 7402: 7387: 7383: 7379: 7377: 7369: 7368: 7365: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7349: 7346: 7344: 7341: 7340: 7338: 7336:South America 7334: 7328: 7325: 7323: 7320: 7318: 7315: 7313: 7310: 7308: 7305: 7304: 7302: 7298: 7292: 7291:United States 7289: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7268: 7266: 7264:North America 7262: 7250: 7247: 7246: 7245: 7242: 7240: 7237: 7235: 7232: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 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6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6763: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6748: 6746: 6744: 6740: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6677: 6673: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6598: 6596: 6594: 6590: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6573:Go Out policy 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6550: 6548: 6544: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6484: 6482: 6480: 6476: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6389: 6387: 6383: 6375: 6372: 6368: 6365: 6364: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6346: 6343: 6342: 6341: 6338: 6334: 6331: 6330: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6320: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6223: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6209: 6208: 6206: 6204: 6200: 6196: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6166: 6164: 6160: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6093:Trade history 6091: 6090: 6088: 6086: 6082: 6078: 6070: 6067: 6065: 6062: 6060: 6057: 6056: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6034: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6022:Energy policy 6020: 6019: 6017: 6015: 6011: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5990: 5987: 5985: 5982: 5981: 5979: 5977: 5973: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5945: 5942: 5941: 5940: 5937: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5883: 5880: 5879: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5851:Pearl farming 5849: 5847: 5846:Online gaming 5844: 5842: 5839: 5835: 5832: 5831: 5830: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5765: 5762: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5749:Biotechnology 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5708: 5705: 5704: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5685: 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5664: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5609: 5607: 5605: 5601: 5597: 5587: 5583: 5576: 5571: 5569: 5564: 5562: 5557: 5556: 5553: 5541: 5540: 5531: 5529: 5528: 5519: 5517: 5516: 5511: 5505: 5504: 5501: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5460: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5426: 5422: 5417: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5370: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5355: 5352: 5348: 5341: 5336: 5334: 5329: 5327: 5322: 5321: 5318: 5306: 5305: 5300: 5296: 5294: 5293: 5292:Energy portal 5288: 5284: 5282: 5281: 5276: 5272: 5270: 5269: 5260: 5259: 5256: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5236: 5234: 5228: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5206:HVDC Zhoushan 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5183: 5181: 5175: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5133: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5101: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5077: 5076: 5074: 5070: 5064: 5061: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5048:Energy policy 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5008: 5003: 5001: 4996: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4985: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4963: 4955: 4954: 4951: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4914: 4910: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4898:South Ossetia 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4878: 4876: 4870: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4704: 4701: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4659: 4656: 4654: 4651: 4649: 4646: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4636: 4634: 4631: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4601: 4596: 4594: 4589: 4587: 4582: 4581: 4578: 4567: 4562: 4558: 4554: 4547: 4540: 4525: 4523:9780128044056 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1707: 1702: 1699: 1695: 1690: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1674: 1670: 1668: 1664: 1654: 1645: 1640: 1631: 1622: 1617: 1610: 1605: 1596: 1594: 1590: 1585: 1583: 1579: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1562: 1556: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1529: 1519: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1502: 1499: 1496:developed by 1493: 1491: 1490:photovoltaics 1485: 1476: 1468: 1459: 1455: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1444: 1439: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1412: 1408: 1406: 1400: 1391: 1382: 1379: 1375: 1367: 1363: 1362:Liujiaxia Dam 1359: 1352: 1348: 1344: 1334: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1314:hydroelectric 1310: 1302: 1299: 1296: 1294: 1292: 1290: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1280: 1277: 1274: 1268: 1266: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1234: 1231: 1225: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1206: 1204: 1202: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1173: 1170: 1167: 1165: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1139: 1137: 1134: 1133: 1130: 1127: 1124: 1122: 1120: 1118: 1116: 1113: 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5898: 5841:Mobile phone 5538: 5525: 5506: 5362: 5302: 5290: 5280:China portal 5278: 5266: 5062: 4913:Dependencies 4843:Turkmenistan 4808:Saudi Arabia 4662: 4556: 4552: 4539: 4527:. 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Retrieved 2245: 2236: 2198: 2189: 2110: 2109: 2041: 2040: 2035:China portal 1993: 1989: 1980: 1973:and several 1960: 1940:visited the 1935: 1910: 1906: 1898: 1894: 1886: 1866: 1842:glacial lake 1819: 1803: 1774: 1770: 1763: 1759: 1744: 1738: 1729: 1725: 1718: 1713: 1703: 1691: 1675: 1671: 1660: 1651: 1642: 1619: 1586: 1571: 1559: 1531: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1503: 1494: 1487: 1456: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1440: 1436: 1433: 1413: 1409: 1402: 1380: 1377: 1322: 1316:, solar and 1311: 1307: 1300: 1264: 1257: 1221: 1214: 1178: 1171: 1135: 1128: 1085: 1078: 1035: 1028: 989: 982: 935: 928: 881: 874: 827: 820: 773: 766: 719: 712: 665: 658: 611: 604: 557: 550: 503: 461:% renewable 329: 320: 308: 293: 285: 276:fossil fuels 265: 169:Solar energy 24:Panorama of 17: 15: 7322:New Zealand 7229:Switzerland 7158:Netherlands 7048:Philippines 6988:Afghanistan 6751:Agriculture 6689:2007 export 6517:Foreign aid 6479:Development 6295:CITIC Group 6236:Other banks 6184:Food safety 5894:Real estate 5834:gold mining 5789:Electronics 5719:Aquaculture 5138:Natural gas 4972:Asia portal 4873:States with 4793:Philippines 4733:South Korea 4728:North Korea 4623:Afghanistan 4146:: 783–791. 3841:17 December 3745:17 December 3639:. Seattle: 3620:25 November 3593:25 November 3321:jj.11589102 2927:. Seattle: 2740:11 December 1896:country. 1694:methane gas 1687:solar power 1578:Suqian City 1540:(after the 1462:Solar power 316:solar cells 184:Tidal power 174:Solar power 142:Small hydro 132:Micro hydro 7401:Categories 7276:Costa Rica 7148:Luxembourg 7023:Kazakhstan 6993:Bangladesh 6965:Seychelles 6756:Bankruptcy 6532:Emigration 6502:Corruption 6216:Accounting 6169:Tax system 6069:Geothermal 5939:Television 5904:Securities 5889:Rare earth 5865:Publishing 5809:Hedge fund 5724:Automotive 5694:Industries 5120:Geothermal 4853:Uzbekistan 4828:Tajikistan 4743:Kyrgyzstan 4723:Kazakhstan 4643:Bangladesh 4633:Azerbaijan 4559:(4): 337. 4414:10 October 4365:10 October 4315:10 October 4088:10 October 4067:10 October 4062:SciDev.Net 4031:10 October 4026:TreeHugger 4006:10 October 3971:10 October 3798:10 October 3766:10 October 3724:10 October 3703:10 October 3681:10 October 3478:10 October 3411:10 October 3389:7 December 3185:10 October 3145:10 October 3119:10 October 3072:10 October 3044:10 October 2985:10 October 2958:7 December 2385:5 December 2210:References 1986:Challenges 1938:Wen Jiabao 1902:hydropower 1785:hydraulics 1679:low-carbon 1599:Geothermal 1550:automotive 1385:Wind power 1338:Hydropower 1318:wind power 1297:2,755,880 1278:1,285,850 1272:6,265,740 1269:9,456.440 1254:2,542,120 1235:1,352,200 1229:5,888,790 1226:8,848,710 1211:2,322,700 1192:1,340,100 1186:5,646,300 1183:8,376,800 1168:2,082,800 1149:1,355,200 1143:5,174,300 1140:7,623,600 1125:2,044,000 1105:1,302,100 1093:4,553,800 1090:7,326,900 1075:1,868,400 1055:1,232,100 1043:4,482,900 1040:6,994,700 1025:1,700,000 1006:1,194,700 994:6,452,900 979:1,581,979 955:1,193,374 943:4,241,786 940:6,217,907 925:1,425,180 901:1,130,270 889:4,108,994 886:5,859,958 871:1,307,170 847:1,064,337 835:4,115,215 832:5,678,945 817:1,127,686 781:4,110,826 778:5,447,231 763:1,019,238 727:3,785,022 724:4,994,038 673:3,723,315 670:4,715,761 619:3,250,409 616:4,207,993 565:2,940,751 562:3,741,961 511:2,743,767 508:3,481,985 458:renewable 453:Renewable 304:energy mix 201:Wind power 196:Wave power 137:Pico hydro 127:Hydropower 7343:Argentina 7307:Australia 7143:Lithuania 7043:Palestine 7018:Indonesia 6853:See also: 6784:The Hongs 6761:Companies 6713:2010 Expo 6103:Transport 6054:Renewable 6037:Oil shale 5769:Container 5739:Aerospace 5484:Ming Yang 5232:companies 5158:Shale gas 5148:Oil shale 5110:Bioenergy 4939:Hong Kong 4893:Palestine 4818:Sri Lanka 4813:Singapore 4693:Indonesia 4439:24 August 4390:25 August 4344:24 August 4294:24 August 4253:1660-4601 4199:24 August 4194:bp global 4162:2352-4847 2873:cite news 2815:6 January 2501:MIT Press 2329:6 January 2304:6 January 2001:southeast 1794:Changzhou 1555:crude oil 1538:bio-fuels 484:Biofuels 481:Solar PV 7376:Category 7358:Colombia 7281:Honduras 7249:Scotland 7168:Portugal 7058:Thailand 7038:Pakistan 7028:Malaysia 6945:Ethiopia 6862:Category 6305:Renminbi 6123:Shipping 5956:Textiles 5924:Software 5914:Shipping 5909:Sex toys 5878:Railway 5860:pharmacy 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