Religious antisemitism

6827:, "the Muslim is continually influenced by the theological threads of anti-Semitism embedded in the earliest chapters of Islamic history." In the light of the Jewish defeat at the hands of Muhammad, Muslims traditionally viewed Jews with contempt and as objects of ridicule. Jews were seen as hostile, cunning, and vindictive, but nevertheless weak and ineffectual. Cowardice was the quality most frequently attributed to Jews. Another stereotype associated with the Jews was their alleged propensity to trickery and deceit. While most anti-Jewish polemicists saw those qualities as inherently Jewish, 4959: 5528:, antisemitism is marked by two distinct features: Jews are judged according to a standard different from that applied to others, and they are accused of "cosmic evil". For Lewis, from the late 19th century, movements appear among Muslims of which for the first time one can legitimately use the technical term antisemitic. However, he describes demonizing beliefs, anti-Jewish discrimination and systematic humiliations, as an "inherent" part of the traditional Muslim world, even if violent persecutions were relatively rare. 14431: 11502: 1484: 12497: 5415:

Jewry." Interviews with Nazis by other historians show that the Nazis thought that their views were rooted in biology, not historical prejudices. For example, "S. became a missionary for this biomedical vision... As for anti-Semitic attitudes and actions, he insisted that 'the racial question... resentment of the Jewish race... had nothing to do with medieval anti-Semitism...' That is, it was all a matter of scientific biology and of community."

5070: 113: 2545: 11516: 5180:. Jews were subject to a wide range of legal restrictions throughout the Middle Ages, some of which lasted until the end of the 19th century. Jews were excluded from many trades, the occupations varying with place and time, and determined by the influence of various non-Jewish competing interests. Often Jews were barred from all occupations but money-lending and peddling, with even these at times forbidden. 14441: 6538:, Muslims traditionally viewed Jews with contempt and as objects of ridicule. Jews were seen as hostile, cunning, and vindictive, but nevertheless weak and ineffectual. Cowardice was the quality most frequently attributed to Jews. Another stereotype associated with the Jews was their alleged propensity to trickery and deceit. While most anti-Jewish polemicists saw those qualities as inherently Jewish, 5145: 5207: 43: 7666: 4826:... it appeared an unworthy thing that in the celebration of this most holy feast we should follow the practice of the Jews, who have impiously defiled their hands with enormous sin, and are, therefore, deservedly afflicted with blindness of soul. ... Let us then have nothing in common with the detestable Jewish crowd; for we have received from our Saviour a different way. 6879:, a high-ranking official observed: "whereas in former times, in the Ottoman State, the communities were ranked, with the Muslims first, then the Greeks, then the Armenians, then the Jews, now all of them were put on the same level. Some Greeks objected to this, saying: 'The government has put us together with the Jews. We were content with the supremacy of Islam. 5290:

banks, and other institutions, to care only about accumulation of wealth, etc. Many Catholic bishops wrote articles criticizing Jews on such grounds, and, when accused of promoting hatred of Jews, would remind people that they condemned the "bad" kind of antisemitism. Kertzer's work is not, therefore, without critics; scholar of Jewish-Christian relations

6887:

in Islamic countries, within which "the Jews were by no means obvious as lone dissenters, as they had been earlier in the world of polytheism or subsequently in most of medieval Christendom." According to Chazan and Davies, this lack of uniqueness ameliorated the circumstances of Jews in the medieval world of Islam. According to

5414:

Alan Steinweis notes that, "Old-fashioned antisemitism, Hitler argued, was insufficient, and would lead only to pogroms, which contribute little to a permanent solution. This is why, Hitler maintained, it was important to promote 'an antisemitism of reason,' one that acknowledged the racial basis of

4762:

as "the most explicit outburst against Jews in Paul's Epistles", these verses have repeatedly been employed for antisemitic purposes. Maccoby views it as one of Paul's innovations responsible for creating Christian antisemitism, though he notes that some have argued these particular verses are later

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writes that one symbol of Jewish degradation was the phenomenon of stone-throwing at Jews by Muslim children. Morris quotes a 19th-century traveler: "I have seen a little fellow of six years old, with a troop of fat toddlers of only three and four, teaching to throw stones at a Jew, and one little

6886:

Some scholars have questioned the correctness of the term "antisemitism" to Muslim culture in pre-modern times. Robert Chazan and Alan Davies argue that the most obvious difference between pre-modern Islam and pre-modern Christendom was the "rich melange of racial, ethic, and religious communities"

5359:

Nazism was not a Christian phenomenon. Without the long history of Christian anti-Judaism and Christian violence against Jews, Nazi ideology could not have taken hold nor could it have been carried out. Too many Christians participated in, or were sympathetic to, Nazi atrocities against Jews. Other

4908:, who they believed was the son of God. According to this interpretation, the Jews present at Jesus' death as well as the Jewish people collectively and for all time had committed the sin of deicide, or God-killing. The accusation has been the most powerful warrant for antisemitism by Christians. 4767:

argues that viewing them as antisemitic is a mistake, but "understandable in light of harsh words". In his view, Paul is not condemning all Jews forever, but merely those he believed had specifically persecuted the prophets, Jesus, or the 1st-century church. Blomberg sees Paul's words here as no

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in 1905, old laws were revived, they forbade Jews from raising their voices in front of Muslims, they forbade Jews from building their houses higher than the houses of Muslims, and they forbade Jews from engaging in any traditional Muslim trade or occupation. The Jewish quarter in Fez was almost

5500:

and beyond, Jews (and many other peoples) became subject to the will of Muslim rulers. The quality of the rule varied considerably in different periods, as did the attitudes of the rulers, government officials, clergy and general population to various subject peoples from time to time, which was

5289:

The "bad" kind promoted hatred of Jews because of their descent. This was considered un-Christian because the Christian message was intended for all of humanity regardless of ethnicity; anyone could become a Christian. The "good" kind criticized alleged Jewish conspiracies to control newspapers,

6992:, most scholars conclude that Arab antisemitism in the modern world arose in the 19th century, against the backdrop of conflicting Jewish and Arab nationalism, and was imported into the Arab world primarily by nationalistically minded Christian Arabs (and only subsequently was it "Islamized"). 4866:

ordered that children born of marriage between Jews and Catholic be baptized by force. By the Twelfth Council of Toledo (681) a policy of forced conversion of all Jews was initiated (Liber Judicum, II.2 as given in Roth). Thousands fled, and thousands of others converted to Roman Catholicism.

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law. This view is countered by Jane Gerber, who maintains that of all dhimmis, Jews had the lowest status. Gerber maintains that this situation was especially pronounced in the latter centuries, when Christian communities enjoyed protection, unavailable to the Jews, under the provisions of

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and massacred most of the Jewish population of the city. "More than 1,500 Jewish families, numbering 4,000 persons, fell in one day." This was the first persecution of Jews on the Peninsula under Islamic rule. There was also the killing or forcible conversion of them by the rulers of the

5520:

define it to be the animosity specifically applied to Jews only and do not include discriminations practiced against Non-Muslims in general. For these scholars, antisemitism in Medieval Islam has been local and sporadic rather than general and endemic , not at all present , or rarely

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was a Jewish moneylender. By the end of the play he is mocked on the streets after his daughter elopes with a Christian. Shylock, then, compulsorily converts to Christianity as a part of a deal gone wrong. This has raised profound implications regarding Shakespeare and antisemitism.

5382:, she contends that Luther and Hitler were obsessed by the "demonologized universe" inhabited by Jews. Dawidowicz writes that the similarities between Luther's anti-Jewish writings and modern antisemitism are no coincidence, because they derived from a common history of 4701:

to Christianity, the official or right religion. However, there have been times when converts were also discriminated against, as in the case of the liturgical exclusion of Jewish converts which occurred during the late 15th and 16th centuries, when Christianized

6875:, a Muslim noble held a festival, inviting to it all social classes in descending order, according to their social status: the Jews outranked only the peasants and prostitutes. In 1865, when the equality of all subjects of the Ottoman Empire was proclaimed, 5340:. On Good Friday Jews, have in times past, cowered behind locked doors with fear of a Christian mob seeking 'revenge' for deicide. Without the poisoning of Christian minds through the centuries, the Holocaust is unthinkable." The dissident Catholic priest 4854:, the first known laws of any church council against Jews appeared. Christian women were forbidden to marry Jews unless the Jew first converted to Catholicism. Jews were forbidden to extend hospitality to Catholics. Jews could not keep Catholic Christian 6681:). This positive view tended to disappear in the later Surahs. Taking it all together, the Quran differentiates between "good and bad" Jews, Poliakov states. Laqueur argues that the conflicting statements about Jews in the Muslim holy text have defined 5049:

Among socio-economic factors were restrictions by the authorities. Local rulers and church officials closed the doors for many professions to the Jews, pushing them into occupations considered socially inferior such as accounting, rent-collecting and

4845:

a century later stripped Jews of many of their rights, and Church councils throughout the 6th and 7th century, including the Council of Orleans, further enforced anti-Jewish provisions. These restrictions began as early as 305, when, in Elvira (now

5115:. In the 17th-century engraving from Frankfurt... a well-dressed, very contemporary-looking Jew has mounted the sow backward and holds her tail, while a second Jew sucks at her milk and a third eats her feces. The horned devil, himself wearing a 4757:

states that the Churches in Judea had been persecuted by the Jews who killed Jesus and that such people displease God, oppose all men, and had prevented Paul from speaking to the gentile nations concerning the New Testament message. Described by

6851:, ibn Hazm and Abu Ishaq focused their anti-Jewish writings on the latter allegation. This was also the chief motivation behind the 1066 Granada massacre, when "ore than 1,500 Jewish families, numbering 4,000 persons, fell in one day", and in 6891:, antisemitism, understood as hatred of Jews as Jews, "did exist in the medieval Arab world even in the period of greatest tolerance". Also see Bostom, Bat Ye'or, and the CSPI issued text, supporting Stillman and cited in the bibliography. 13457: 3502: 6592:

Anti-Jewish sentiments usually flared up during times of Muslim political or military weakness or when Muslims felt that some Jews had overstepped the boundaries of humiliation prescribed to them by Islamic law. In Spain, ibn Hazm and

6811:) in Morocco beginning from the 15th century and especially since the early 19th century. Most conversions were voluntary and happened for various reasons. However, there were some forced conversions in the 12th century under the 5335:

has asserted that: "Without centuries of Christian antisemitism, Hitler's passionate hatred would never have been so fervently echoed...because for centuries Christians have held Jews collectively responsible for the death of

7095:, both as rescuers and perpetrators, Muslims and Arabs were involved in the Holocaust during the pro-Nazi rule of Vichy in French North Africa, as well as during the Italian and German Nazi occupations of Tunisia and Libya. 4593:

in the third century BCE. Flannery writes that it was the Jews' refusal to accept Greek religious and social standards that marked them out. Hecataetus of Abdera, a Greek historian of the early third century BCE, wrote that

6768:

such as prohibitions against bearing arms or giving testimony in courts in cases involving Muslims. The most degrading one was the requirement of distinctive clothing, not found in the Quran or the hadith but invented in

6846:

Anti-Jewish sentiments usually flared up at times of the Muslim political or military weakness or when Muslims felt that some Jews had overstepped the boundary of humiliation prescribed to them by the Islamic law. In

6533:

According to Jane Gerber, "the Muslim is continually influenced by the theological threads of anti-Semitism embedded in the earliest chapters of Islamic history." In the light of the Jewish defeat at the hands of

5275:

banned candidates "who are descended from the Jewish race unless it is clear that their father, grandfather, and great-grandfather have belonged to the Catholic Church" until 1946. Brown University historian

6831:

attributed them to the mistreatment of Jews at the hands of the dominant nations. For that reason, says ibn Khaldun, Jews "are renowned, in every age and climate, for their wickedness and their slyness".

6542:

attributed them to the mistreatment of Jews at the hands of the dominant nations. For that reason, says Ibn Khaldun, Jews "are renowned, in every age and climate, for their wickedness and their slyness".

7050:, played a key role in stoking violent opposition to Zionism and he closely allied himself with the Nazi regime. From 1941 al-Husayni was based in Germany from where he urged attacks on Jews. There were 5004:

In the modern era, the blood libel continues to be a major aspect of antisemitism. It has extended its reach to accuse Jews of many different forms of harm that can be carried out against other people.

6622:

5328:

a moral righteousness for their ideology. Luther even went so far as to advocate the murder of those Jews who refused to convert to Christianity, writing that "we are at fault in not slaying them"

5141:

During the Middle Ages, the story of Jephonias, the Jew who tried to overturn Mary's funeral bier, changed from his converting to Christianity into his simply having his hands cut off by an angel.

5083:

was the derogatory and dehumanizing imagery of Jews that appeared around the 13th century. Its popularity lasted for over 600 years and was revived by the Nazis. The Jews, typically portrayed in

6776:; its enforcement was highly erratic. Jews rarely faced martyrdom or exile, or forced compulsion to change their religion, and they were mostly free in their choice of residence and profession. 5348:

that "Nazi anti-Judaism was the work of godless, anti-Christian criminals. But it would not have been possible without the almost two thousand years' pre-history of 'Christian' anti-Judaism..."

7102:

report released on August 14, 2005, anti-Jewish sentiment was endemic. Of six Muslim majority countries surveyed, all have high percentages of their populations with unfavorable views of Jews.

7076:

and Holocaust minimization efforts have found increasingly overt acceptance as sanctioned historical discourse in a number of Middle Eastern countries. Arabic and Turkish editions of Hitler's

4783:. The latter emphasizes the claim that it was the Jews, not the Romans, who killed Jesus, and is full of antisemitism. The Epistle of Barnabas was not accepted as part of the canon; Professor 6930:

or Matza. A Jewish barber was tortured until he "confessed"; two other Jews who were arrested died under torture, while a third converted to Islam to save his life. Throughout the 1860s, the

7013: 6726:, instead, they believed that the Quran was a restorer of the Hebrew Bible's original messages, which they believed had been distorted over time. Thus, no clash of interpretations between 5441:, as a whole, the Church recognized its failings during the council, when it refuted the traditional belief that the Jews committed deicide by affirming the belief that the Jews are still 13431: 3468: 8006:

Lewis, Bernard. "The New Anti-Semitism", The American Scholar, Volume 75 No. 1, Winter 2006, pp. 25–36. The paper is based on a lecture delivered at Brandeis University on March 24, 2004

5001:

victims in the Temple, no further incidents are recorded until the 12th century, when blood libels began to proliferate. These libels have persisted from then through the 21st century.

11956: 6630:, a Muslim noble held a festival, inviting to it all social classes in descending order, according to their social status: the Jews outranked only the peasants and the prostitutes. 6843:

also implies racial qualities in his attacks on the Jews. However, these were exceptions, and the racial theme left little or no trace in the medieval Muslim anti-Jewish writings.

6760:), were allowed to practice their religion, and they were also allowed to administer their internal affairs, but they were subjected to certain conditions. They had to pay the 6719:

Muhammad and his early followers were not Jews and therefore, they did not present themselves as the true Israel nor did they feel threatened by the survival of the old Israel.

64: 9138: 12016: 7230: 4738:

was seen as judgment from God to the Jews for that death, and Jews were seen as "a people condemned forever to suffer exile and degradation". According to historian

464: 13920: 3971: 12981: 12223: 11623: 6342: 3012: 2333: 541: 12151: 12004: 9834: 402: 12095: 8382:" Encyclopaedia of Islam. Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2006. Brill Online.21 November 2006. 6764:(a per capita tax imposed on free adult non-Muslim males) to Muslims. Dhimmis had an inferior status under Islamic rule. They had several social and legal 694: 13184: 8803: 5707: 3221: 1698: 6807:

in the 12th century. Notable examples of the cases where the choice of residence was taken away from them includes confining Jews to walled quarters (

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Muhammad did not claim to be either the Son of God or the Messiah. Instead, he only claimed that he was a prophet; a claim which Jews repudiated less.

14315: 13698: 12028: 7824: 7001: 4382: 3743: 13135: 11006: 6823:

The portrayal of the Jews in the early Islamic texts played a key role in shaping the attitudes towards them in the Muslim societies. According to

5722: 4514: 3172: 1713: 11554: 11396: 9383: 9146: 7245: 6228: 5765: 5761: 5410:

and "upon which Luther built". Dawidowicz' allegations and positions are criticized and not accepted by most historians however. For example, in

2219: 1756: 1752: 812: 699: 6589:

in a time of war, and he only allowed them to stay in the oasis on the condition that they deliver one-half of their annual produce to Muslims.

13056: 12429: 11902: 11896: 11696: 8742: 3085: 1511: 1407: 6626:, where Christian communities enjoyed protection from the European countries, which was unavailable to the Jews. For example, in 18th-century 4787:

has stated "the suffering of Jews in the subsequent centuries would, if possible, have been even worse had the Epistle of Barnabas remained".

12199: 12115: 12083: 11890: 10079: 8835: 6208: 2199: 13703: 12163: 12110: 12105: 12100: 9829: 8970: 8965: 8957: 6312: 3748: 2303: 798: 469: 397: 7635: 13673: 13277: 12819: 12417: 11932: 11356: 7220: 6520: 5103:

ceilings, pillars, utensils, etchings, etc. Often, the images combined several antisemitic motifs and included derisive prose or poetry.

5062:, Jews were accused as being the cause, and were often killed. There were expulsions of Jews from England, France, Germany, Portugal and 5018: 3718: 3314: 2842: 2511: 1084: 5286:

that in the 19th century and early 20th century the Church adhered to a distinction between "good antisemitism" and "bad antisemitism".

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focused their anti-Jewish writings on the latter allegation. This was also the chief motivating factor behind the massacres of Jews in

6474: 6371: 2997: 2465: 2362: 1224: 8808: 12235: 12052: 9775: 6277: 6242: 6154: 6145: 2268: 2233: 2145: 2136: 380: 12901: 12789: 12532: 9903: 9780: 7235: 6075: 6006: 5877: 5809: 5658: 4697:). As such, it is argued, antisemitism would cease if Jews stopped practicing Judaism or changed their public faith, especially by 2924: 2812: 2066: 1997: 1868: 1800: 1649: 6733:

Muhammad was not killed by the Jewish community and he was ultimately victorious in his clash with the Jewish community in Medina.

5461: 5360:

Christians did not protest sufficiently against these atrocities. But Nazism itself was not an inevitable outcome of Christianity.

11402: 9593: 9085: 7699: 6958:, Morocco; elsewhere in Morocco, Jews were attacked and killed in the streets in broad daylight. In 1891, the leading Muslims in 598: 14465: 14416: 13140: 12911: 12739: 12724: 12719: 12565: 11962: 10502: 9956: 6100: 6065: 5942: 5872: 5818: 5449: 4483: 3177: 2934: 2762: 2747: 2742: 2572: 2091: 2056: 1933: 1863: 1809: 1392: 12010: 14444: 12971: 12704: 12211: 11613: 10497: 8762: 8477: 7950: 7539: 7250: 6749: 6366: 5483: 3002: 2727: 2357: 1423: 164: 12259: 7665:"The World: Saudi Editor Retracts Article That Defamed Jews", Los Angeles Times, March 20, 2003, fetched 19 the April 2008, 7387: 13479: 12794: 12616: 9718: 9708: 9691: 9686: 9603: 6554:. They refused to accept Muhammad's teachings. Eventually he fought them, defeated them, and most of them were killed. The 5107:"Dozens of Judensaus... intersect with the portrayal of the Jew as a Christ killer. Various illustrations of the murder of 4722:

Frederick Schweitzer and Marvin Perry write that the authors of the gospel accounts sought to place responsibility for the

4507: 3524: 2817: 2631: 1303: 276: 266: 219: 209: 10406: 7145:

under which Jews gained a larger role in the commercial, professional, and administrative life of the region; the rise of

6966:

to prohibit the entry of Jews arriving en masse from Russia. In 1897, synagogues were ransacked and Jews were murdered in

5355:

was issued by many American Jewish scholars in 2000 as a statement about Jewish-Christian relations. This document states,

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are not part of the educational system in Muslim societies and therefore, Muslims are not brought up with the stories of

6218: 5987: 5912: 5742: 5687: 4184: 3840: 3753: 3644: 3304: 3122: 2752: 2737: 2209: 1978: 1903: 1733: 1678: 806: 719: 385: 296: 259: 7149:, whose proponents sought the wealth and positions of local Jews through government channels; resentment against Jewish 6700:

held the view that for the most part, Muslims were not antisemitic in the way that Christians were antisemitic because:

13693: 13167: 11329: 10206: 9770: 9743: 9723: 9051: 9020: 8993: 8925: 6981:. To all this the Jew is obliged to submit; it would be more than his life was worth to offer to strike a Mahommedan." 5957: 5932: 5827: 5717: 4717: 3738: 3204: 1948: 1923: 1818: 1708: 1504: 1417: 1004: 588: 375: 343: 321: 281: 179: 7612: 6739:

Muslims saw the conflict between Muhammad and the Jews as an event which was of minor importance in Muhammad's career.

13341: 13172: 12668: 12646: 12139: 12120: 10357: 10211: 9824: 9015: 8828: 8781: 8752: 8693: 8674: 8628: 8539: 8502: 7912: 7798: 7765: 7511: 7397: 6376: 6282: 6095: 6035: 5992: 5972: 5897: 5842: 5837: 5732: 5702: 5600: 4671: 3378: 3209: 2683: 2661: 2367: 2273: 2086: 2026: 1983: 1963: 1888: 1833: 1828: 1723: 1693: 1591: 1397: 712: 608: 521: 392: 5371:, antisemitism has a long history within Christianity. The line of "antisemitic descent" from Luther, the author of 14078: 13915: 13815: 13272: 13162: 12193: 10266: 10174: 9804: 9748: 9167: 9010: 8293: 7335: 7195: 6915:. It was only by forcible conversion that a massacre was averted. There was another massacre in Barfurush in 1867. 6354: 6251: 5962: 5952: 5887: 4137: 3966: 3860: 3309: 3199: 2345: 2242: 1953: 1943: 1878: 620: 494: 326: 306: 7424: 7422: 6903:

wrote that in the 19th century the position of Jews worsened in Muslim countries. There was a massacre of Jews in

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Christians and Jews in Dispute: Disputational Literature and the Rise of Anti-Judaism in the West (c. 1000-1150)

6594: 6546:

Muhammad's attitude towards Jews was basically neutral at the beginning. During his lifetime, Jews lived on the

12804: 12459: 12157: 11540: 10307: 9867: 9639: 9227: 8734: 8655: 7419: 6467: 6198: 6163: 6140: 6110: 6085: 6080: 6055: 6045: 6040: 6030: 6025: 6020: 6015: 5997: 5922: 5832: 5789: 5737: 5692: 5667: 5649: 5585: 5479: 5309: 5027:. In those times, a main cause of prejudice against Jews in Europe was the religious one. Although not part of 2827: 2458: 2189: 2154: 2131: 2101: 2076: 2071: 2046: 2036: 2031: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 1988: 1913: 1823: 1780: 1728: 1683: 1658: 1640: 1576: 1079: 1069: 729: 657: 437: 331: 12946: 11588: 6322: 2977: 2313: 14347: 14063: 12784: 12477: 12453: 12241: 12040: 11408: 10729: 9336: 9284: 9162: 9025: 6423: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6135: 6120: 6115: 6105: 6070: 6060: 5982: 5967: 5947: 5867: 5852: 5847: 5799: 5794: 5779: 5774: 5672: 4414: 4122: 2807: 2414: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2126: 2111: 2106: 2096: 2061: 2051: 1973: 1958: 1938: 1858: 1843: 1838: 1790: 1785: 1770: 1765: 1663: 1497: 1461: 1356: 1298: 994: 744: 427: 13626: 13574: 12555: 12525: 12367: 12265: 12089: 11471: 11339: 11334: 10522: 10507: 10271: 10226: 9971: 9814: 9644: 9561: 9294: 8988: 8821: 7300: 7265: 7099: 6931: 6919: 6267: 6233: 6223: 6213: 6168: 6090: 5927: 5892: 5882: 5862: 5747: 5727: 5677: 5487: 5218: 5189: 4684: 3671: 3619: 2562: 2258: 2224: 2214: 2204: 2159: 2081: 1918: 1883: 1873: 1853: 1738: 1718: 1668: 1345: 652: 625: 442: 350: 338: 12291: 7821: 5437:

helped reconcile Jews and Catholicism in recent decades, however. According to Catholic Holocaust scholar

14258: 14110: 13529: 13130: 13076: 11716: 11436: 11421: 10302: 10162: 9799: 9613: 9358: 9331: 9324: 6581:

wanted to assassinate him. Muhammad besieged the Banu Nadir and expelled them from Medina. Muhammad also

6484: 6287: 6203: 6178: 6173: 5902: 5712: 5197: 4325: 4169: 3574: 3167: 3105: 2475: 2278: 2194: 2169: 2164: 1893: 1703: 1382: 291: 12305: 6858:

Islamic law does not differentiate between Jews and Christians in their status as dhimmis. According to

5504:

Various definitions of antisemitism in the context of Islam are given. The extent of antisemitism among

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have found an audience in the region with limited critical response by local intellectuals and media.

4750: 4573:

on religion. Since then, further opinion polling in America and Europe has supported this conclusion.

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is emblematic of this school of thought. However, this interpretation has been challenged. In 1966,

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urchin would, with the greatest coolness, waddle up to the man and literally spit upon his Jewish

6862:, the normal practice of Muslim governments until modern times was consistent with this aspect of 6618:, the normal practice of Muslim governments until modern times was consistent with this aspect of 4978:

children is especially coveted. In many cases, blood libels served as the basis for a blood libel

14434: 14263: 14243: 14105: 14095: 14053: 13683: 13524: 13386: 13356: 13351: 13294: 13229: 13214: 13147: 13120: 13105: 12518: 12482: 11986: 11908: 11379: 11368: 10962: 10883: 10588: 10487: 10426: 10312: 10285: 9765: 9733: 9608: 8873: 7531: 7285: 7225: 7175: 4863: 4819: 4815: 4650: 4558: 4330: 4310: 4164: 4154: 4112: 3728: 3569: 3423: 3393: 3388: 3331: 3266: 3251: 3184: 3157: 3142: 2528: 1377: 1129: 979: 866: 370: 311: 214: 138: 13331: 7677: 6934:

were subjected to what Gilbert calls punitive taxation. In 1864, around 500 Jews were killed in

4653:

wrote about the "ridiculous practices" of the Jews and of the "absurdity of their Law", and how

3368: 14362: 14335: 14325: 13805: 13785: 13648: 13519: 13416: 13366: 13336: 13316: 13244: 13224: 13199: 13194: 13189: 13100: 13071: 13020: 13015: 12611: 12601: 12435: 12411: 12127: 11711: 11662: 11657: 11415: 11385: 10448: 9819: 9794: 9760: 9738: 9713: 9696: 9681: 9661: 9618: 9588: 9441: 9205: 9056: 8942: 8903: 6757: 6686: 6418: 6403: 5424: 4557:

Some scholars have argued that modern antisemitism is primarily based on nonreligious factors,

4429: 4402: 4392: 3850: 3830: 3693: 3564: 3453: 3403: 3373: 3353: 3281: 3261: 3236: 3231: 3226: 3137: 3100: 3051: 3046: 2626: 2616: 2409: 2394: 1387: 1350: 919: 536: 365: 360: 316: 271: 249: 244: 224: 7757: 7751: 6922:

were falsely accused of having murdered a Christian monk and his Muslim servant and of having

14330: 14290: 14223: 14120: 14068: 13995: 13750: 13514: 13426: 13401: 13396: 13381: 13376: 13371: 13311: 13259: 13219: 13125: 13095: 12998: 12621: 12405: 12064: 11849: 11814: 11784: 11640: 11563: 11441: 11362: 11144: 10851: 10734: 10475: 10465: 10458: 10443: 10329: 9789: 9755: 9671: 9666: 9551: 9314: 9107: 9067: 9005: 9000: 8937: 8863: 8728: 7980: 7270: 6780: 6765: 6393: 6304: 5473: 5407: 5265: 5238: 5234: 5063: 5014: 4397: 4357: 4290: 4179: 4127: 4046: 3795: 3559: 3463: 3438: 3433: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3348: 3296: 3256: 3162: 3132: 3029: 2636: 2384: 2295: 1487: 1315: 1094: 782: 772: 762: 684: 667: 489: 479: 459: 454: 355: 286: 234: 229: 96: 6855:

in 1033, when 6,000 Jews were killed. There were further massacres in Fez in 1276 and 1465.

6605:

in 1033, when 6,000 Jews were killed. There were further massacres in Fez in 1276 and 1465.

5176:, false accusations of drinking the blood of Christian children in mockery of the Christian 4768:

different in kind than the harsh words the prophets of the Old Testament have for the Jews.

14201: 13735: 13609: 13326: 13284: 13234: 13209: 13030: 12993: 12734: 12596: 12387: 12323: 12133: 11944: 11829: 11734: 11672: 11635: 11532: 11476: 11466: 10969: 9941: 9526: 9477: 9449: 9172: 9102: 8888: 7582: 7210: 7005: 6428: 6397: 5565: 5291: 4963: 4723: 4698: 4268: 3780: 3654: 3363: 3321: 3271: 3246: 3061: 3024: 2757: 2611: 2419: 2388: 1556: 1471: 1278: 1229: 1174: 932: 872: 757: 546: 23: 8: 14377: 14238: 13873: 13775: 13755: 13544: 13452: 13411: 13391: 13361: 13254: 13049: 12864: 12299: 12279: 12034: 11920: 11864: 11834: 11799: 11689: 11124: 11092: 11018: 10927: 10873: 10480: 10280: 10014: 9979: 9556: 9467: 9459: 9222: 9215: 8947: 8932: 8883: 8582: 8302: 7964: 7345: 7205: 7039: 6795: 6440: 5575: 5540: 5517: 5253: 5124: 4780: 4570: 4569:

first published public opinion polling data which showed that most Americans based their

4444: 4305: 3924: 3820: 3800: 3589: 3497: 3448: 3428: 3398: 3291: 3078: 2887: 2431: 1566: 1531: 1320: 1219: 1212: 903: 583: 526: 484: 31: 7932:(The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide by Robert Lifton :130) 5248:

still incorporated strong antisemitic elements, despite increasing attempts to separate

5119:, looks on and the butchered Simon, splayed as if on a cross, appears on a panel above." 14150: 14145: 14135: 14083: 14073: 14048: 13990: 13948: 13858: 13853: 13848: 13760: 13061: 12393: 12317: 12311: 11869: 11839: 11824: 11701: 11456: 11451: 11262: 10984: 10861: 10856: 10841: 10811: 10764: 10687: 10593: 10453: 10026: 9931: 9898: 9536: 9363: 9046: 8704: 8634:

Langmuir, Gavin (1971). "Anti-Judaism as the necessary preparation for anti-Semitism".

7255: 6876: 6462: 6381: 5630: 5129: 4893: 4776: 4739: 4209: 4204: 4194: 4142: 4132: 4107: 4041: 3999: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3805: 3090: 2453: 2372: 1621: 1288: 1194: 1114: 1099: 942: 825: 820: 767: 677: 447: 53: 10739: 10615: 8648:

From the Prophet Muhammad to the Capture of Constantinople. Volume 1. Politics and War

7706: 5268:, and Jews were restricted to the Ghetto through the end of the Papal States in 1870. 1179: 1009: 14409: 14320: 14248: 14233: 14032: 13975: 13780: 13688: 13579: 13499: 13346: 12651: 12447: 12175: 12077: 11950: 11794: 11744: 11739: 11240: 11171: 11053: 11038: 10821: 10692: 10657: 9946: 9405: 9210: 9073: 8858: 8777: 8758: 8723:. The paper is based on a lecture delivered at Brandeis University on March 24, 2004. 8689: 8670: 8651: 8624: 8570: 8498: 8473: 7946: 7908: 7794: 7761: 7535: 7507: 7393: 7240: 6770: 6582: 6555: 6547: 5570: 5497: 5434: 5100: 4958: 4859: 4547: 4476: 4387: 4315: 4300: 4083: 4026: 3825: 3733: 3624: 3544: 3383: 2666: 1561: 1338: 1074: 854: 724: 635: 603: 561: 14372: 14357: 14285: 14206: 14176: 14007: 13843: 13549: 13115: 13110: 12961: 12859: 12465: 12381: 12361: 12181: 11844: 11769: 11603: 11306: 11274: 11235: 11206: 11189: 11139: 10940: 10749: 10682: 10635: 10583: 10551: 10542: 10527: 10401: 10376: 10352: 10236: 10167: 10084: 9951: 9373: 9368: 9242: 8915: 8297: 7640: 7340: 7146: 7073: 6685:

and Muslim attitudes towards Jews to this day, especially during periods of rising

6349: 5590: 5222: 5111:

blended images of Judensau, the devil, the murder of little Simon himself, and the

5055: 5043: 5039: 4936: 4931: 4897: 4772: 4638: 4439: 4424: 4352: 4273: 4243: 4058: 3894: 3594: 3152: 3147: 2992: 2882: 2340: 1581: 1164: 1109: 1049: 914: 672: 516: 474: 169: 7558: 6835:

Some Muslim writers have inserted racial overtones in their anti-Jewish polemics.

6608:

Islamic law does not differentiate between Jews and Christians in their status as

5133:, considered to be one of the greatest romantic comedies of all time, the villain 14387: 14295: 14191: 14140: 14000: 13985: 13965: 13930: 13643: 13554: 13489: 13289: 13239: 13025: 12884: 12501: 12423: 12329: 12253: 12247: 11980: 11914: 11779: 11774: 11667: 11216: 11211: 11023: 10950: 10783: 10754: 10677: 10667: 10630: 10605: 10421: 10416: 10411: 10396: 10391: 10381: 10366: 10157: 10074: 10041: 9999: 9989: 9399: 9152: 8748: 7828: 7503: 7355: 7280: 6888: 6496: 6413: 5368: 5296: 5245: 5210: 5088: 4982:, in which the alleged victim of human sacrifice was elevated to the status of a 4800: 4666: 4654: 4582: 4535: 4454: 4362: 4258: 4199: 4051: 4036: 4016: 3981: 3688: 3599: 3534: 3326: 3276: 3056: 2907: 2487: 2404: 1456: 1154: 1089: 1064: 1059: 1044: 1034: 1024: 999: 777: 752: 57: 1124: 14382: 14340: 14310: 14300: 14218: 14211: 14196: 14186: 14022: 13958: 13900: 13895: 13880: 13663: 13658: 13653: 13539: 13474: 13003: 12976: 12829: 12541: 12169: 12058: 12046: 11859: 11645: 11618: 11520: 11495: 11316: 11223: 11181: 11161: 11149: 11129: 11043: 11033: 11001: 10994: 10974: 10945: 10917: 10912: 10878: 10788: 10712: 10702: 10640: 10438: 10386: 10297: 10292: 10054: 10049: 9984: 9913: 9531: 9341: 9309: 9274: 9195: 8562: 8439: 7923:(Studying the Jew: Scholarly Antisemitism in Nazi Germany by Alan Steinweis :8) 7523: 7310: 7295: 7275: 7134: 7092: 7019: 6963: 6911:, a mob burst into the Jewish Quarter, burned the synagogue, and destroyed the 6900: 6709: 6642: 6623: 6574: 6563: 6361: 5620: 5438: 5108: 5028: 4993:

Although the first known instance of a blood libel is found in the writings of

4905: 4876: 4842: 4764: 4754: 4743: 4731: 4727: 4708:

or Iberian Jews were accused of secretly practicing Judaism or Jewish customs.

4449: 4407: 4377: 4367: 4285: 4278: 4263: 4253: 4073: 4009: 3951: 3946: 3931: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3584: 3519: 3034: 3007: 2852: 2536: 2352: 1611: 1283: 1199: 1189: 1184: 1019: 961: 593: 254: 125: 121: 4746:

in particular contains many verses that refer to Jews in a pejorative manner.

18:

For total or partial opposition to Judaism and Jews as a religious group, see

14459: 14394: 14017: 13953: 13938: 13800: 13765: 13745: 13616: 13559: 13494: 12906: 12809: 12349: 12335: 12145: 11874: 11854: 11749: 11289: 11134: 11061: 10868: 10802: 10775: 10724: 10672: 10645: 10620: 10610: 10371: 10317: 10251: 10231: 10221: 10216: 10189: 10135: 10064: 10009: 9504: 9346: 9279: 9126: 8455: 8391: 7733: 7586: 7330: 7185: 6985: 6859: 6839:

speaks of the deterioration of the Jewish stock due to excessive inbreeding.

6697: 6638: 6615: 6577:, Muhammad said he received a divine revelation that the Jewish tribe of the 6272: 5635: 5625: 5595: 5525: 5429: 5387: 5332: 5315: 5277: 5257: 4841:

established Christianity as the only legal religion in the Roman Empire. The

4837: 4796: 4735: 4615: 4562: 4461: 4068: 4004: 3989: 3845: 3810: 3790: 3661: 3604: 3539: 2929: 2832: 2263: 1626: 1616: 1586: 1451: 1372: 1256: 1149: 1134: 1104: 984: 734: 9078: 6950:, and an Arab mob looted Jewish homes and stores, and burned synagogues, on 6566:, after a marketplace quarrel broke out between the Muslims and the Jews in 4589:, traces the first clear examples of specific anti-Jewish sentiment back to 640: 14228: 14115: 13943: 13910: 13890: 13820: 13810: 13790: 13770: 13406: 13304: 13299: 13035: 13010: 12874: 12814: 12779: 12749: 11677: 11652: 11269: 11066: 11028: 10989: 10578: 10322: 10261: 10241: 10201: 10184: 10152: 10140: 10101: 10019: 9994: 9568: 9514: 9378: 9190: 9090: 9041: 8898: 8844: 8490: 8470:(2002) 'The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty. The Husaynis 1700-1948. 8136: 7495: 7180: 7170: 7018:

The massacres of Jews in Muslim countries continued into the 20th century.

6973: 6967: 6939: 6852: 6723: 6602: 6559: 6450: 6445: 6433: 6408: 5513: 5403: 5249: 5214: 5116: 5051: 4966:, Poland, depicts Jews murdering Christian children for their blood, ~ 1750 4918:

and they have historically been used in remembrance of Jesus' death during

4911: 4882: 4831: 4759: 4690: 4566: 4543: 4295: 4174: 3994: 3961: 3941: 3865: 3855: 3835: 3815: 3443: 3341: 3336: 3066: 3041: 2897: 2837: 2802: 2772: 2441: 2436: 2424: 2399: 1466: 1325: 1266: 1169: 1054: 1039: 877: 568: 112: 104: 27: 19: 7791:

Christ Killers: The Jews and the Passion from the Bible to the Big Screen.

7367: 5341: 4970:

Blood libels are false accusations that Jews use human blood in religious

662: 14130: 14090: 14058: 13925: 13885: 13725: 13638: 13589: 13564: 13464: 13157: 12896: 12879: 12834: 12754: 11938: 11754: 11279: 10794: 10719: 10697: 10600: 10194: 10123: 10118: 10106: 10096: 9431: 9237: 9232: 9200: 7150: 7142: 6923: 6912: 6828: 6824: 6788: 6646: 6539: 5395: 5112: 5059: 5024: 4953: 4927: 4926:

fashion, depicting a crowd of Jewish people condemning Jesus to death by

4858:

and were forbidden to bless the fields of Catholics. In 589, in Catholic

4784: 4634: 4607: 4189: 4149: 4117: 3976: 3936: 3770: 3683: 3634: 3609: 3509: 3194: 2919: 2902: 2857: 2777: 1159: 860: 573: 509: 7880:

After the evil: Christianity and Judaism in the shadow of the Holocaust"

6678: 6665:. There are also Quranic verses, particularly from the earliest Quranic 4795:

A number of early and influential Church works—such as the dialogues of

14404: 14399: 14280: 14275: 14171: 14155: 14012: 13905: 13863: 13825: 13633: 13621: 13594: 13584: 13504: 12923: 12918: 12889: 12824: 12673: 11809: 11804: 11373: 11080: 10662: 10256: 10004: 9926: 9623: 9509: 9426: 9157: 9096: 8467: 7416:. Paulist Press, first published in 1985; this edition 2004, pp. 11-12. 7130: 7078: 6848: 6804: 6674: 6670: 6578: 5580: 5399: 5352: 5230: 4975: 4922:. These plays historically blamed the Jews for the death of Jesus in a 4630: 4603: 4599: 4590: 4471: 4466: 4347: 4342: 4238: 4214: 4063: 3956: 3914: 3870: 3678: 3666: 3639: 3629: 3549: 2946: 2941: 2912: 2847: 2688: 1571: 1433: 1261: 1144: 1139: 1119: 1029: 1014: 989: 937: 787: 578: 504: 7845: 14305: 14253: 13970: 13569: 12699: 12285: 11998: 11294: 10759: 10650: 10561: 10179: 10113: 9546: 9421: 9416: 9304: 7753:

Holocaust and Return to Zion: A Study in Jewish Philosophy of History

7158: 7111: 7014:

International Conference to Review the Global Vision of the Holocaust

6978: 6959: 6935: 5610: 5391: 5365: 5177: 5096: 5069: 4987: 4855: 4851: 4658: 4626: 4372: 4320: 4021: 3614: 2722: 1601: 1310: 927: 897: 892: 432: 10130: 8623:(Variorum Collected Studies Series). Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate. 8141:

Righteous Victims: A History of the Zionist-Arab Conflict, 1881-2001

7809: 7528:

From Pentecost to Patmos: An Introduction to Acts Through Revelation

7129:

George Gruen attributes the increased animosity towards Jews in the

5144: 14270: 14100: 14027: 13678: 13604: 13509: 13469: 12854: 12849: 12844: 12769: 12764: 12709: 12496: 12022: 11759: 11013: 10955: 10900: 10895: 10566: 9852: 9520: 9436: 9289: 9248: 8595: 8515:"Parallel lines: anti-Zionism and antisemitism in the 21st century" 7865:, cited in Robert.Michael. "Luther, Luther Scholars, and the Jews," 7107: 7070:). Pro-Nazi Muslims slaughtered dozens of Jews in Baghdad in 1941. 6872: 6840: 6836: 6654: 6627: 6535: 5453: 5394:. Although modern German antisemitism also has its roots in German 5280:, working from the Vatican archive, has further argued in his book 5079: 4704: 4337: 4159: 4078: 3723: 3649: 3554: 3514: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2792: 2787: 2732: 1402: 1272: 887: 630: 6653:

contain very sharp attacks on Jews for their refusal to recognize

5252:, the opposition to the Jewish religion on religious grounds, and 5148:

A 15th-century German woodcut showing an alleged host desecration.

4625:"not to adore the gods". The same themes appeared in the works of 4546:

has frequently served as the basis for false claims and religious

12774: 12678: 12658: 12631: 12606: 12510: 11228: 11112: 11107: 11097: 11085: 10905: 10890: 10834: 10769: 10744: 10707: 10571: 10246: 10145: 10069: 9961: 9887: 7138: 7119: 7115: 7055: 7035: 6943: 6908: 6904: 6812: 6800: 6784: 6773: 6753: 6727: 6713: 6658: 6598: 6586: 6585:

oasis near Medina and defeated them, after they had betrayed the

5555: 5272: 5134: 5084: 4971: 4923: 4901: 4847: 4804: 4694: 4662: 4646: 4618: 4611: 4539: 2797: 2693: 2673: 2646: 2621: 2544: 1546: 955: 948: 909: 882: 8686:

Semites and Anti-Semites: An Inquiry into Conflict and Prejudice

6722:

Muslims did not believe that the Quran was a fulfillment of the

13730: 12759: 12663: 12641: 12636: 12586: 11819: 11299: 11166: 11102: 9541: 9497: 9319: 9254: 8893: 8813: 7442:

The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-Three Centuries of Antisemitism

7414:

The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-Three Centuries of Antisemitism

7154: 7123: 7103: 7067: 7051: 6955: 6951: 6927: 6863: 6808: 6792: 6705: 6619: 6610: 6567: 6551: 5505: 5261: 5206: 5035: 4998: 4983: 4941: 4889: 4811: 4587:

The Anguish of the Jews: Twenty-Three Centuries of Antisemitism

3775: 2782: 2678: 2656: 2651: 2601: 1293: 1249: 499: 8705:"The New Anti-Semitism: First religion, then race, then what?" 7967:, A Mediterranean Society: An Abridgment in One Volume, p. 293 7653:"Blood Accusation", Jewish Encyclopedia, retrieved 7 May 2007. 4693:(i.e., it is argued that the antipathy is to the practices of 13740: 12591: 12071: 11250: 11245: 11199: 11154: 11075: 11070: 10334: 10089: 10059: 8809:

The Spanish Inquisition - Presentation with images and videos

8771: 7780:

Cohen's book includes an earlier variation of the same image.

7063: 7027: 6947: 6761: 6692: 6650: 5493: 5406:

antisemitism she writes is a foundation that was laid by the

5337: 5092: 5031: 4994: 4915: 4885: 4642: 4622: 4595: 3785: 2606: 848: 11562: 8585:

statistics on how the world views different religious groups

4730:. As a result, Christians for centuries viewed Jews as "the 4689:

Christian religious antisemitism is frequently expressed as

14352: 14181: 11349: 9883: 7059: 7023: 6682: 6666: 5244:

Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th century, the

4979: 4919: 4614:, an Egyptian historian, wrote that the Jews were expelled 4531: 4419: 4248: 8405:

Israel's Place in the Middle East: A Pluralist Perspective

8217: 8215: 8067:(Virginia: International Islamic Publishing House and the 7444:, Stimulus Books, first published 1985, this edition 2004. 7034:

Antagonism and violence intensified as resentment against

4914:

are dramatic stagings representing the trial and death of

8774:

Antisemitism: Myth and Hate from Antiquity to the Present

7231:

History of Christian thought on persecution and tolerance

7153:

and the Zionist movement; and the readiness of unpopular

6662: 4542:

and the conversion of Jews to other faiths. This form of

7907:. First published 1975; this Bantam edition 1986, p.23. 4726:

and his death on Jews, rather than the Roman emperor or

8212: 7882:, Richard Harries, p. 21, Oxford University Press, 2003 7613:"Nostra Aetate: a milestone - Pier Francesco Fumagalli" 5496:

in the 7th century AD and its rapid spread through the

4974:. Historically these are accusations that the blood of 12224:

Antireligious campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party

8743:

The Catholic Church and Antisemitism Poland, 1933-1939

8238: 8236: 7960: 7958: 5456:

denomination in the United States and a member of the

4661:

in 320 BCE because its inhabitants were observing the

12152:

Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia

12005:

Persecution of Muslims during the Ottoman contraction

8151: 8149: 8032: 8030: 7500:

The Mythmaker: Paul and the Invention of Christianity

6815:

of North Africa and al-Andalus as well as in Persia.

4940:

explains, "for centuries prompted vicious attacks—or

8110: 8108: 7431:, Ch. 1, "The Ancient World: Egypt, Exodus, Empire". 6907:

in 1828 and in 1839, in the eastern Persian city of

6716:

is rejected as a blasphemous absurdity by the Quran.

6601:

in 1066, when nearly 3,000 Jews were killed, and in

5066:

during the Middle Ages as a result of antisemitism.

8444:

Dearest Auntie Fori. The Story of the Jewish People

8333:

Lewis (1984), pp.17,18,94,95; Stillman (1979), p.27

8233: 7955: 7133:to several factors, including the breakdown of the 7122:Muslims viewed Jews unfavorably, as did 99% of the 6743: 6570:and Muhammad's negotiations with the tribe failed. 8146: 8027: 5008: 4775:contains two extra books in the New Testament—the 14316:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 8105: 7106:reported that 60% had unfavorable views of Jews, 7058:in the 1930s, and massive attacks on the Jews in 7002:Relations between Nazi Germany and the Arab world 5271:Additionally, official organizations such as the 5042:for the death of Jesus, a practice originated by 5023:Antisemitism was widespread in Europe during the 4711: 4383:Racial bias in criminal news in the United States 14457: 9594:Bay Area Holocaust Oral History Project (BAHOHP) 8772:Perry, Marvin; Schweitzer, Frederick M. (2002). 8416:Encyclopedia of religion, anti-semitism article. 8289: 8287: 8250: 8248: 7700:"A Viewer's Guide to Contemporary Passion Plays" 7697:Paley, Susan and Koesters, Adrian Gibbons, eds. 6783:, when a Muslim mob stormed the royal palace in 5501:reflected in their treatment of these subjects. 13976:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 9147:The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews 8369:Lewis (1999), pp. 136–137; Gerber (1986), p. 86 7636:"In Poland, new 'Passion' plays on old hatreds" 6669:, showing respect for the Jews (e.g. see Quran 4027:Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) 13458:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 11903:Decline of Buddhism in the Indian subcontinent 11897:Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire 7461: 7459: 7385: 6995: 4934:for the crowd for the murder of Jesus, which, 4538:, which expect or demand the disappearance of 3503:SPLC-designated list of anti-LGBTQ hate groups 1408:U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism 22:. For the scholarly criticism of Judaism, see 12526: 12084:Persecution of Christians in the Eastern Bloc 11891:Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire 11548: 9868: 8829: 8435: 8433: 8431: 8284: 8245: 8196: 8194: 8163: 8161: 7994:The Oxford Dictionary of the Jewish Religion, 7600:Jews, Visigoths and Muslims in Medieval Spain 7491: 7489: 6514: 4508: 2505: 1505: 12206:Violence against Hindus in independent India 9604:Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) 8596:"The Other Refugees: Jews of the Arab World" 7990: 7988: 7556: 6779:Some notable massacres of Jews included the 5034:, many Christians, including members of the 4888:, many Christians, including members of the 13674:List of people killed for being transgender 12418:Attacks by Islamic extremists in Bangladesh 11933:Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent 11357:Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation 8132: 8130: 8128: 8126: 8124: 8122: 8120: 8065:Madinan Society At the Time of the Prophet, 7945:", Indiana University Press, p. 252, 2008, 7456: 7246:History of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict 7221:Groups claiming affiliation with Israelites 6954:. In 1875, 20 Jews were killed by a mob in 5508:varies depending on the chosen definition: 5019:History of European Jews in the Middle Ages 4534:as a whole based on religious doctrines of 3719:List of people killed for being transgender 12533: 12519: 11555: 11541: 9875: 9861: 9115:Persecution of Jews during the Black Death 8836: 8822: 8428: 8315:Lewis (1984), p. 52; Stillman (1979), p.77 8191: 8158: 8114:Lewis (1999), p. 130; Gerber (1986), p. 83 8069:International Institute of Islamic Thought 7895:(Doubleday, Garden City NY, 1976), p. 169. 7731:("The greatest epidemics in history"), in 7486: 7453:Perry & Schweitzer (2002), pp. 27, 35. 7389:A Concise History of American Antisemitism 6693:Differences between Islam and Christianity 6521: 6507: 5172:On many occasions, Jews were subjected to 4810:During a discussion on the celebration of 4515: 4501: 2512: 2498: 1512: 1498: 12053:Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars 8747: 8184: 8182: 7985: 7428: 7392:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 101. 7373: 6278:Female genital mutilation laws by country 5294:, for example, criticized Kertzer in the 4870: 4678: 4550:against Judaism. Sometimes, it is called 4530:is aversion to or discrimination against 2269:Female genital mutilation laws by country 12790:Social determinants of health in poverty 9904:Index of Jewish history-related articles 8527:"Anti-Semitism and anti-Zionism in Iran" 8117: 7975: 7973: 7943:Pius XII, The Holocaust and the Cold War 7576: 6633: 5260:(1800–1823) had the walls of the Jewish 5205: 5143: 5068: 4957: 2813:Social determinants of health in poverty 843: 12017:French Revolutionary dechristianisation 11403:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 10040: 7727:See Stéphane Barry and Norbert Gualde, 7678:"Recognising Antisemitism: Blood Libel" 7628: 7406: 5467: 5091:such as pigs or owls or representing a 4997:, who claimed that the Jews sacrificed 4803:, and the testimonies of church father 26:. For discrimination against Jews, see 14458: 11963:Forced conversions of Muslims in Spain 8179: 7831:, the original 5th or 6th century text 7756:. KTAV Publishing House, Inc. p. 7552: 7550: 7548: 7440:See, for example, Flannery, Edward H. 7379: 5450:Evangelical Lutheran Church in America 5375:, to Hitler is "easy to draw". In her 1393:Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism 12514: 12212:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 11536: 9856: 8817: 8799:Was St. John Chrysostom Anti-Semitic? 8702: 8683: 8664: 8645: 8588: 8563:Muslims. A briefing by Robert Satloff 7970: 7749: 7729:La plus grande épidémie de l'histoire 7721: 7691: 7625:Perry & Schweitzer (2002), p. 26. 7465:Perry & Schweitzer (2002), p. 18. 7251:History of the Jews under Muslim rule 7022:writes that 40 Jews were murdered in 6990:The Oxford Handbook of Jewish Studies 6894: 6649:, suggest that later passages in the 5484:History of the Jews under Muslim rule 5158:the hosts bleed when pierced by a Jew 4930:and a Jewish leader assuming eternal 4790: 1424:Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism 470:during the Israel-Hamas war (2023-24) 165:Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism 14440: 13480:Capital punishment for homosexuality 12795:Social determinants of mental health 9882: 8281:Lewis (1999), p.131; (1984), pp.8,62 8024:Lewis(1984), p.8, 32–33, 41–45, etc. 7598:Roth, A. M. Roth, and Roth, Norman. 7592: 7236:History of the Arab–Israeli conflict 6677:) and preaching tolerance (e.g. see 5264:in Rome rebuilt after the Jews were 4763:interpolations not written by Paul. 3525:Capital punishment for homosexuality 2818:Social determinants of mental health 36: 13600:Genital modification and mutilation 12356:Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War 12306:Persecution of Hindus in Bangladesh 12218:Jewish exodus from the Muslim world 12011:Christianization of the Sámi people 9133:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion 8754:Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition 8604:Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs 8446:. HarperCollins, 2002, pp. 179–182. 8407:, University Press of Florida, p.31 7905:The War Against the Jews, 1933-1945 7589:, 337 CE. Retrieved March 12, 2006. 7545: 7316:Jewish views on religious pluralism 7291:Jewish exodus from the Muslim world 7161:local Jews for political purposes. 7085:The Protocols of the Elders of Zion 7031:destroyed by a Muslim mob in 1912. 7010:Jewish exodus from the Muslim world 6869:Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire 6556:traditional biographies of Muhammad 5532: 5448:In 1994, the Church Council of the 3645:Genital modification and mutilation 720:21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness 13: 12540: 11350:YIVO Institute for Jewish Research 11330:American Jewish Historical Society 9614:Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) 8619:Abulafia, Anna Sapir (ed.)(1998). 6946:. In 1869, 18 Jews were killed in 6818: 4944:—on Europe's Jewish communities". 4892:, held the Jewish people under an 4718:Antisemitism and the New Testament 4672:Antijudaism: The Western Tradition 1418:Working definition of antisemitism 180:Working definition of antisemitism 14: 14482: 12200:Violence against Muslims in India 12194:Persecution of Hindus in Pakistan 12140:Nazi boycott of Jewish businesses 8792: 8143:. Vintage Books, 2001, pp. 10-11. 8071:) "The Expulsion of Banu Qaynuqa" 7737:magazine, n°310, June 2006, p.47 6962:asked the Ottoman authorities in 6712:; on the contrary, the notion of 6283:Legal aspects of ritual slaughter 5601:Catholic priests in public office 5418: 5054:, which was tolerated then as a " 2274:Legal aspects of ritual slaughter 1592:Catholic priests in public office 1398:Union of Councils for Soviet Jews 14439: 14430: 14429: 14079:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 13916:Law for Protection of the Nation 13816:White genocide conspiracy theory 12495: 11514: 11501: 11500: 9168:White genocide conspiracy theory 8843: 8540:"Mein Kampf for sale, in Arabic" 7587:"Life of Constantine (Book III)" 7557:Roger Bolton (October 6, 2008). 7336:Nation of Islam and antisemitism 7196:Christianity and other religions 6744:Status of Jews under Muslim rule 6583:attacked the Jews of the Khaybar 5303: 5300:for using evidence selectively. 4834:was formalized in 438, when the 4138:Diversity, equity, and inclusion 3967:Law for Protection of the Nation 3861:White genocide conspiracy theory 2543: 1483: 1482: 111: 41: 13921:MSM blood donation restrictions 13669:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 12472:2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel 12442:Persecution of Uyghurs in China 9412:Institute for Historical Review 9332:General Order No. 11 (US, 1862) 9062:International Jewish conspiracy 8959: 8576: 8556: 8532: 8520: 8508: 8484: 8461: 8449: 8419: 8410: 8397: 8385: 8372: 8363: 8354: 8345: 8336: 8327: 8318: 8309: 8275: 8266: 8257: 8224: 8203: 8170: 8092: 8083: 8074: 8057: 8048: 8039: 8018: 8009: 8000: 7935: 7926: 7917: 7898: 7885: 7872: 7852: 7834: 7815: 7803: 7793:Oxford University Press. p.208 7783: 7774: 7743: 7670: 7659: 7647: 7619: 7605: 7517: 7351:Religious perspectives on Jesus 7216:Expulsions and exoduses of Jews 7201:Christian–Jewish reconciliation 7141:society; domination by Western 6871:. For example, in 18th century 5464:Luther's antisemitic writings. 5183: 5073:18th century Frankfurt Judensau 5009:Medieval and Renaissance Europe 4610:and inhospitable way of life." 3972:MSM blood donation restrictions 3714:LGBT grooming conspiracy theory 807:Protocols of the Elders of Zion 30:. For persecution of Jews, see 13934:(as religious or racial quota) 12460:2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings 12430:Genocide of Christians by ISIL 12164:Communist Romanian persecution 11422:Relations with other religions 8804:Anti-Semitism or anti-Judaism? 8757:. W. W. Norton & Company. 8669:. Princeton University Press. 7822:Transitus or Dormitio Virginis 7477: 7468: 7447: 7434: 6750:Jews who lived in Muslim lands 6558:describe the expulsion of the 6468:Christian countercult movement 6377:Oriental Orthodox Christianity 5586:Separation of church and state 5480:Antisemitism in the Arab world 5310:Martin Luther and antisemitism 4947: 4830:Prejudice against Jews in the 4712:New Testament and antisemitism 3985:(as religious or racial quota) 2459:Christian countercult movement 2368:Oriental Orthodox Christianity 1577:Separation of church and state 763:Hunter (William Luther Pierce) 67:and remove irrelevant content. 1: 14466:Christianity and antisemitism 14348:Second-generation gender bias 14064:Constitutional colorblindness 12785:Social determinants of health 12478:2024 Istanbul church shooting 12454:Christchurch mosque shootings 12242:Religious violence in Nigeria 12236:Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria 11409:Encyclopedia of the Holocaust 9609:Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC) 9337:Racial policy of Nazi Germany 9315:Beilis trial (Russian Empire) 9285:Pogroms in the Russian Empire 8612: 7869:46 (Autumn 1985) No.4.343–344 6372:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 6313:Traditional African religions 5433:document, and the efforts of 4415:Second-generation gender bias 4123:Constitutional colorblindness 2808:Social determinants of health 2363:Eastern Orthodox Christianity 2304:Traditional African religions 1357:Campaign Against Antisemitism 465:during the Gaza War (2008-09) 65:relocate relevant information 12368:War crimes in the Kosovo War 12158:Communist Polish persecution 12029:1860 Mount Lebanon civil war 11957:Crusades against schismatics 11340:Leo Baeck Institute New York 11335:American Sephardi Federation 9589:Anti-Defamation League (ADL) 9295:1968 Polish political crisis 7979:"Dhimma" by Claude Cahen in 7301:Jewish population by country 7100:Pew Global Attitudes Project 7040:British Mandate of Palestine 6573:Following his defeat in the 6268:Apostasy in Islam by country 5190:Antisemitism in Christianity 4685:Antisemitism in Christianity 4669:also charts this history in 2259:Apostasy in Islam by country 1346:Anti-antisemitism in Germany 838:Antisemitism on the Internet 626:Jewish war conspiracy theory 60:on an aspect of the subject. 7: 14259:Medical model of disability 14111:Hate speech laws by country 10163:Constantinopolitan Karaites 9359:Night of the Murdered Poets 8650:. Oxford University Press. 8583:PEW Global Attitudes Report 8063:Akram Diya al Umari (1991) 7718:. Retrieved March 12, 2006. 7164: 6996:Modern Islamic antisemitism 6550:, especially in and around 6288:Religious male circumcision 5198:Catholic Church and Judaism 4807:—are strongly anti-Jewish. 4326:Medical model of disability 4170:Hate speech laws by country 2279:Religious male circumcision 1383:Southern Poverty Law Center 542:COVID-19 pandemic incidents 10: 14487: 14368:Social model of disability 12840:Discrimination against men 11391:National Library of Israel 10032:Zionism, race and genetics 9354:Anti-cosmopolitan campaign 9325:Anti-Zionist League (Iraq) 9300:Jewish Anti-Zionist League 9265:Antisemitic laws, policies 9121:On the Jews and Their Lies 8733:: CS1 maint: postscript ( 8080:Rodinson (1971), pg. 172-3 7306:Jewish religious movements 6999: 5477: 5471: 5373:On the Jews and Their Lies 5321:On the Jews and Their Lies 5307: 5283:The Popes Against the Jews 5187: 5012: 4951: 4874: 4734:". The destruction of the 4715: 4682: 4576: 4435:Social model of disability 2863:Discrimination against men 793:On the Jews and Their Lies 17: 14425: 14164: 14041: 13834: 13721:Opposition to immigration 13445: 13085: 12932: 12692: 12642:Race / Ethnicity 12579: 12548: 12492: 12400:South Thailand insurgency 12376:Walisongo school massacre 12344:Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus 11993:Expulsion of the Moriscos 11969:European wars of religion 11883: 11727: 11574: 11489: 11345:Yeshiva University Museum 11325:Center for Jewish History 11315: 11180: 11052: 10926: 10820: 10351: 9970: 9912: 9894: 9632: 9577: 9458: 9392: 9263: 9181: 9034: 8981: 8851: 8517:(2013). Robert S Wistrich 8495:Israel and the Arab World 8351:Lewis (1999), pp. 131–132 8342:Lewis (1999), pp. 129–130 8242:Lewis (1999), pp. 117-118 8045:Lewis (1999), pp. 129–130 7376:, Introduction, Epilogue. 7321:Jews as the chosen people 7261:Islam and other religions 7006:Mein Kampf in Arabic 6273:Blasphemy laws by country 5458:Lutheran World Federation 5386:, which can be traced to 5227:Heroes of the Fiery Cross 5202:Protestantism and Judaism 5038:, held the Jewish people 4881:Although never a part of 4818:in 325 CE, Roman emperor 3766:Opposition to immigration 2657:Race / Ethnicity 2264:Blasphemy laws by country 1368:Fundamental Rights Agency 801:Undisputed Over The World 616: Jewish conspiracy 13716:Occupational segregation 13485:Compulsory sterilization 11790:Extrajudicial punishment 9937:Ancient Israel and Judah 9599:Community Security Trust 9473:Black Death persecutions 8684:Lewis, Bernard (1999) . 8646:Lewis, Bernard (1987) . 8360:Gerber (1986), pp. 84–85 8176:Gerber (1986), pp. 84–85 7559:"The rival to the Bible" 7532:B&H Publishing Group 7474:Richardson (1986), p. 23 7361: 7266:Islamic–Jewish relations 7191:Christianity and Judaism 7048:Mohammad Amin al-Husayni 7044:Grand Mufti of Jerusalem 5708:Central African Republic 5561:Religious discrimination 5488:Islamic–Jewish relations 5378:The War Against the Jews 5344:has written in his book 5194:Christianity and Judaism 5077:German for "Jews' sow", 5040:collectively responsible 4898:collectively responsible 4606:, instituted for them a 4552:theological antisemitism 3761:Occupational segregation 3530:Compulsory sterilization 1699:Central African Republic 1552:Religious discrimination 1429:Three Ds of antisemitism 1413:Wiener Holocaust Library 1363:Community Security Trust 1225:Black Death persecutions 740:The Dearborn Independent 713:Antisemitic publications 14244:Internalized oppression 14106:Fighting Discrimination 14096:Fat acceptance movement 14054:Anti-discrimination law 13694:Native American mascots 12483:Crocus City Hall attack 12230:Persecution of Tibetans 11987:French Wars of Religion 11909:Yellow Turban Rebellion 10313:North African Sephardim 10286:Jewish tribes of Arabia 9805:Palestinian Territories 9310:Dreyfus Affair (France) 8703:Lewis, Bernard (2006). 8665:Lewis, Bernard (1984). 8221:Poliakov (1961), pg. 27 7750:Spero, Shubert (2000). 7602:, Brill Academic, 1994. 7386:Robert Michael (2005). 7326:Judaism's view of Jesus 7286:Jewish ethnic divisions 7226:History of antisemitism 7176:Antisemitism by country 7026:, Morocco, in 1903. In 6463:New religious movements 6209:Palestinian territories 4864:Third Council of Toledo 4816:First Council of Nicaea 4751:1 Thessalonians 2:14–16 4651:Agatharchides of Cnidus 4621:who had been taught by 4598:"in remembrance of the 4311:Internalized oppression 4165:Fighting Discrimination 4155:Fat acceptance movement 4113:Anti-discrimination law 3739:Native American mascots 2454:New religious movements 2200:Palestinian territories 1378:Simon Wiesenthal Center 1130:Corneliu Zelea Codreanu 904:The Occidental Observer 867:Europa: The Last Battle 815:Between Blacks and Jews 813:The Secret Relationship 14471:Islam and antisemitism 14363:Social identity threat 14336:Reverse discrimination 14326:Racial color blindness 13806:Violence against women 13786:Sex-selective abortion 12436:Iraqi Turkmen genocide 12412:Maspero demonstrations 12260:Huế Phật Đản shootings 11416:Holocaust Encyclopedia 11386:Jewish Virtual Library 9619:Stephen Roth Institute 9267:and government actions 9206:Portuguese Inquisition 9183:Religious antisemitism 9057:Double genocide theory 8943:Secondary antisemitism 8879:Religious antisemitism 8776:. Palgrave Macmillan. 8472:AL Saqi edition 2010. 8425:Stillman (1979), p. 63 8263:Lewis (1987), p. 9, 27 8254:Lewis (1984), pp.10,20 7483:Flannery (2004) p. 33. 6730:and Islam could arise. 6687:Islamic fundamentalism 6456:Religious antisemitism 5425:Second Vatican Council 5364:According to American 5362: 5241: 5233:1928 Published by the 5169: 5168:they are burned alive. 5121: 5074: 4967: 4871:Accusations of deicide 4828: 4679:Christian antisemitism 4528:Religious antisemitism 4430:Social identity threat 4403:Reverse discrimination 4393:Racial color blindness 3851:Violence against women 3831:Sex-selective abortion 2447:Religious antisemitism 1388:Stephen Roth Institute 1351:Anti-Defamation League 14331:Religious intolerance 14291:Political correctness 14121:Intersex human rights 14069:Cultural assimilation 13751:Religious persecution 13515:Disability hate crime 13300:Jewish / Antisemitism 12406:Boko Haram insurgency 12065:Pontic Greek genocide 11975:Ottoman–Habsburg wars 11785:Extrajudicial killing 11564:Religious persecution 11363:Encyclopaedia Judaica 11145:Sefer Raziel HaMalakh 10330:Sephardic Bnei Anusim 10080:Udmurt and Tatar Jews 9579:Organizations working 9139:Contemporary imprints 9068:The International Jew 8938:Rootless cosmopolitan 8569:, December 14, 2006 ( 8565:by Rachel Silverman, 8296:by Richard Gottheil, 7981:Encyclopedia of Islam 7860:On the Jews and Their 7789:Jeremy Cohen (2007): 7271:Jesus in Christianity 7118:reported 88%. 99% of 7054:-inspired pogroms in 6781:1066 Granada massacre 6634:Jews in Islamic texts 6305:Religious persecution 5474:Antisemitism in Islam 5408:Roman Catholic Church 5357: 5308:Further information: 5246:Roman Catholic Church 5239:Zarephath, New Jersey 5235:Pillar of Fire Church 5209: 5163:the Jews are arrested 5147: 5105: 5072: 5015:Medieval antisemitism 4961: 4850:), a Spanish town in 4824: 4398:Religious intolerance 4358:Political correctness 4180:Intersex human rights 4128:Cultural assimilation 3796:Religious persecution 3560:Disability hate crime 3337:Jewish / Antisemitism 2296:Religious persecution 1095:William Luther Pierce 773:The International Jew 685:Stab-in-the-back myth 668:Rootless cosmopolitan 13736:Political repression 12745:Anti-left handedness 12735:Anti-intellectualism 12388:September 11 attacks 12324:1984 anti-Sikh riots 12188:Rawalpindi massacres 12134:White Terror (Spain) 11945:Massacre at Ayyadieh 11830:Population cleansing 9942:Second Temple period 9581:against antisemitism 9527:Martyrdom in Judaism 9393:Antisemitic websites 9305:Leo Frank trial (US) 9201:Catholic Inquisition 9173:Zionist antisemitism 8889:Antisemitism studies 8709:The American Scholar 8600:The Jerusalem Letter 8573:, December 11, 2006) 8167:Lewis (1999), p. 128 8155:Gerber (1986), p. 84 8089:Watt (1956), pg. 209 8036:Gerber (1986), p. 82 7893:On Being a Christian 7812:by Bradley S. Berens 7412:Flannery, Edward H. 7211:Criticism of Judaism 5566:Religious censorship 5468:Islamic antisemitism 5402:revolution of 1848, 5346:On Being a Christian 5292:Rabbi David G. Dalin 5266:released by Napoleon 5213:illustration of the 5153:the hosts are stolen 4986:and, in some cases, 4964:Sandomierz Cathedral 4724:Crucifixion of Jesus 3781:Political repression 2768:Anti-left handedness 2758:Anti-intellectualism 1557:Religious censorship 1472:Zionist antisemitism 1279:Martyrdom in Judaism 1005:Richard Girnt Butler 758:Hitlers Zweites Buch 344:textbook controversy 24:Criticism of Judaism 14239:Historical eugenics 13776:Segregation academy 13756:Religious terrorism 13545:Enemy of the people 13453:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 12972:Jehovah's Witnesses 12865:Perpetual foreigner 12300:Bangladesh genocide 12280:Cultural Revolution 12272:Xá Lợi Pagoda raids 12035:Circassian genocide 11921:Rhineland massacres 11835:Population transfer 11800:Forced displacement 11614:Jehovah's Witnesses 11380:Jewish Encyclopedia 11125:Hekhalot literature 10936:Religious movements 10471:Judeo-Tripolitanian 9557:Spanish Inquisition 9468:Rhineland massacres 9223:Rhineland massacres 9216:Spanish Inquisition 8948:Stereotypes of Jews 8933:Racial antisemitism 8884:Persecution of Jews 8324:Lewis (1984), p. 28 8303:Jewish Encyclopedia 8272:Lewis (1999), p.131 7965:Shelomo Dov Goitein 7655:Jewish Encyclopedia 7634:Sennott, Charles M. 7346:Persecution of Jews 7206:Criticism of Israel 6796:Joseph ibn Naghrela 5576:Religious pluralism 5541:Freedom of religion 5518:Shelomo Dov Goitein 5492:With the origin of 5443:God's chosen people 5254:racial antisemitism 4781:Epistle of Barnabas 4657:was able to invade 4585:, in his 1965 book 4571:stereotypes of Jews 4306:Historical eugenics 3821:Segregation academy 3801:Religious terrorism 3590:Enemy of the people 3498:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric 3003:Jehovah's Witnesses 2888:Perpetual foreigner 1567:Religious pluralism 1532:Freedom of religion 1321:Spanish Inquisition 1220:Rhineland massacres 730:Culture of Critique 584:Cultural Bolshevism 54:a different subject 32:Persecution of Jews 14151:Social integration 14146:Self-determination 14136:Racial integration 14084:Diversity training 14074:Cultural pluralism 14049:Affirmative action 13949:Racial segregation 13859:Crime of apartheid 13761:Religious violence 13264:Indigenous people 12669:Sexual orientation 12394:2002 Gujarat riots 12318:Cambodian genocide 12312:Lebanese Civil War 12090:Soviet persecution 11927:Jerusalem massacre 11840:Sectarian violence 11825:Political violence 11521:Judaism portal 11457:Jews and Halloween 11452:Jews and Christmas 10842:Rabbinic authority 10594:Judaeo-Piedmontese 10027:Xueta Christianity 9932:Origins of Judaism 9899:Outline of Judaism 9776:Conservative Party 9537:Pale of Settlement 9047:Christian Identity 9021:Soviet mathematics 8926:Working definition 8741:Modras, Ronald E. 8529:by R Jaspal, 2013. 8100:Jews of Arab Lands 8015:Lewis(1984), p.184 7827:2011-06-29 at the 7256:History of Zionism 7114:reported 76%, and 7066:in the 1940s (see 6895:Nineteenth century 6877:Ahmed Cevdet Pasha 5631:Confessional state 5242: 5170: 5130:Merchant of Venice 5075: 4968: 4894:antisemitic canard 4799:, the homilies of 4791:Early Christianity 4777:Shepherd of Hermas 4740:Edward H. Flannery 4548:antisemitic tropes 4210:Social integration 4205:Self-determination 4195:Racial integration 4143:Diversity training 4133:Cultural pluralism 4108:Affirmative action 4000:Racial segregation 3910:Crime of apartheid 3806:Religious violence 3301:Indigenous people 2684:Sexual orientation 1622:Confessional state 1289:Pale of Settlement 1195:Gamal Abdel Nasser 1115:Kevin Alfred Strom 1100:Richard B. Spencer 943:Triple parentheses 826:The Turner Diaries 799:Our Race Will Rule 768:1988 Hamas Charter 562:Antisemitic tropes 448:Christian Identity 381:Conservative Party 14453: 14452: 14321:Racism by country 14249:Intersectionality 14234:Heteronormativity 14033:Voter suppression 13781:Sexual harassment 13580:Forced conversion 13500:Cultural genocide 13163:African Americans 12982:post–Cold War era 12967:Eastern Orthodoxy 12730:Anti-drug addicts 12725:Anti-homelessness 12652:Scientific racism 12508: 12507: 12448:Rohingya genocide 12176:Direct Action Day 12128:Šahovići massacre 12078:Armenian genocide 12072:Assyrian genocide 11959:(13th–15th cent.) 11953:(12th–16th cent.) 11951:Northern Crusades 11795:Forced conversion 11745:Cultural genocide 11740:Communal violence 11624:post–Cold War era 11609:Eastern Orthodoxy 11530: 11529: 11496:extinct languages 11397:YIVO Encyclopedia 11172:Hebrew literature 11140:Sefer HaEtz Chaim 10980:Reconstructionist 10658:Judaeo-Portuguese 10347: 10346: 10303:Eastern Sephardim 9947:Synagogal Judaism 9850: 9849: 9493:Ghettos in Europe 9406:The Daily Stormer 9211:Roman Inquisition 9074:Jewish Bolshevism 8764:978-0-393-34791-3 8667:The Jews of Islam 8571:Middle East Forum 8478:978-0-86356-460-4 7951:978-0-253-34930-9 7810:On Beyond Shylock 7644:, April 10, 2004. 7540:978-0-8054-3248-0 7241:History of Israel 6548:Arabian Peninsula 6531: 6530: 6367:Jehovah's Witness 6343:post–Cold War era 6295: 6294: 5650:Status by country 5571:Religious liberty 5498:Arabian Peninsula 5435:Pope John Paul II 4525: 4524: 4388:Racism by country 4316:Intersectionality 4301:Heteronormativity 4084:Voter suppression 3826:Sexual harassment 3625:Forced conversion 3545:Cultural genocide 3200:African Americans 3013:post–Cold War era 2998:Eastern Orthodoxy 2753:Anti-drug addicts 2748:Anti-homelessness 2667:Scientific racism 2522: 2521: 2358:Jehovah's Witness 2334:post–Cold War era 2286: 2285: 1641:Status by country 1562:Religious liberty 1526: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1304:Russian Civil War 1245:Ghettos in Europe 1075:Ernest G. Liebold 974:Prominent figures 855:The Daily Stormer 745:Ethnic Cleansing 725:The Barnes Review 604:Franklin Prophecy 82: 81: 14478: 14443: 14442: 14433: 14432: 14373:Social privilege 14358:Social exclusion 14286:Police brutality 14207:Multiculturalism 14177:Amatonormativity 14008:Social exclusion 13844:Age of candidacy 13644:Homeless dumping 13550:Ethnic cleansing 12535: 12528: 12521: 12512: 12511: 12500: 12499: 12466:2020 Delhi riots 12382:Kosheh massacres 12362:Bosnian genocide 12182:1946 Bihar riots 11845:Social cleansing 11770:Ethnic cleansing 11557: 11550: 11543: 11534: 11533: 11519: 11518: 11517: 11504: 11503: 10636:Judeo-Golpaygani 10237:Palestinian Jews 10212:Alexandrian Jews 10168:Crimean Karaites 10085:Unterlander Jews 10038: 10037: 9952:Rabbinic Judaism 9877: 9870: 9863: 9854: 9853: 9374:Holocaust denial 9243:Host desecration 9052:Cultural Marxism 8982:Antisemitism and 8961: 8916:New antisemitism 8838: 8831: 8824: 8815: 8814: 8787: 8768: 8749:Nirenberg, David 8738: 8732: 8724: 8722: 8720: 8699: 8688:. W. W. Norton. 8680: 8661: 8607: 8594:Gruen, George E. 8592: 8586: 8580: 8574: 8560: 8554: 8553: 8551: 8550: 8536: 8530: 8524: 8518: 8512: 8506: 8488: 8482: 8465: 8459: 8453: 8447: 8437: 8426: 8423: 8417: 8414: 8408: 8401: 8395: 8389: 8383: 8376: 8370: 8367: 8361: 8358: 8352: 8349: 8343: 8340: 8334: 8331: 8325: 8322: 8316: 8313: 8307: 8298:Meyer Kayserling 8291: 8282: 8279: 8273: 8270: 8264: 8261: 8255: 8252: 8243: 8240: 8231: 8228: 8222: 8219: 8210: 8207: 8201: 8198: 8189: 8186: 8177: 8174: 8168: 8165: 8156: 8153: 8144: 8134: 8115: 8112: 8103: 8096: 8090: 8087: 8081: 8078: 8072: 8061: 8055: 8052: 8046: 8043: 8037: 8034: 8025: 8022: 8016: 8013: 8007: 8004: 7998: 7992: 7983: 7977: 7968: 7962: 7953: 7939: 7933: 7930: 7924: 7921: 7915: 7902: 7896: 7889: 7883: 7876: 7870: 7858:Luther, Martin. 7856: 7850: 7849: 7844:. Archived from 7838: 7832: 7819: 7813: 7807: 7801: 7787: 7781: 7778: 7772: 7771: 7747: 7741: 7740: 7725: 7719: 7717: 7713: 7711: 7705:. Archived from 7704: 7695: 7689: 7688: 7686: 7685: 7674: 7668: 7663: 7657: 7651: 7645: 7641:The Boston Globe 7632: 7626: 7623: 7617: 7616: 7609: 7603: 7596: 7590: 7580: 7574: 7573: 7571: 7569: 7554: 7543: 7521: 7515: 7504:Harper & Row 7493: 7484: 7481: 7475: 7472: 7466: 7463: 7454: 7451: 7445: 7438: 7432: 7426: 7417: 7410: 7404: 7403: 7383: 7377: 7371: 7341:New antisemitism 7147:Arab nationalism 7137:and traditional 7074:Holocaust denial 6924:used their blood 6920:Jews of Damascus 6882: 6523: 6516: 6509: 5655: 5654: 5591:Anti-clericalism 5537: 5536: 5533:Pre-modern times 5412:Studying the Jew 5044:Melito of Sardis 4937:The Boston Globe 4932:collective guilt 4906:killing of Jesus 4773:Codex Sinaiticus 4639:Apollonius Molon 4517: 4510: 4503: 4440:Social privilege 4425:Social exclusion 4353:Police brutality 4274:Multiculturalism 4244:Amatonormativity 4059:Social exclusion 3895:Age of candidacy 3689:Homeless dumping 3595:Ethnic cleansing 2547: 2524: 2523: 2514: 2507: 2500: 1646: 1645: 1582:Anti-clericalism 1528: 1527: 1514: 1507: 1500: 1486: 1485: 1165:Nichifor Crainic 1110:Julius Streicher 1050:Heinrich Himmler 915:Renegade Tribune 636:Judeo-Bolshevism 615: 609:Host desecration 589:Cultural Marxism 475:Holocaust denial 115: 92: 91: 84: 83: 77: 74: 68: 45: 44: 37: 14486: 14485: 14481: 14480: 14479: 14477: 14476: 14475: 14456: 14455: 14454: 14449: 14421: 14296:Polyculturalism 14192:Civil liberties 14160: 14141:Reappropriation 14042:Countermeasures 14037: 13966:Racial steering 13932:Numerus clausus 13836: 13830: 13555:Ethnic conflict 13490:Corrective rape 13441: 13081: 12928: 12820:HIV/AIDS stigma 12688: 12637:Mental disorder 12575: 12544: 12539: 12509: 12504: 12494: 12488: 12424:Yazidi genocide 12330:Revival Process 12266:Thích Quảng Đức 12254:Buddhist crisis 12248:Istanbul pogrom 12116:1970–1987 12111:1958–1964 12106:1928–1941 12101:1921–1928 12096:1917–1921 11981:Goa Inquisition 11915:Battle of Tours 11905:(c.550–c. 1200) 11899:(c. 324–c. 491) 11879: 11780:Ethnic violence 11775:Ethnic conflict 11723: 11722: 11721: 11570: 11561: 11531: 11526: 11515: 11513: 11485: 11311: 11176: 11048: 10922: 10816: 10631:Judeo-Borujerdi 10606:Judeo-Malayalam 10552:Judeo-Aragonese 10523:Lishanid Noshan 10355: 10343: 10075:Oberlander Jews 10036: 9966: 9908: 9890: 9881: 9851: 9846: 9628: 9582: 9580: 9573: 9454: 9443:The Right Stuff 9400:Bible Believers 9388: 9268: 9266: 9259: 9177: 9153:Self-hating Jew 9030: 9011:Nation of Islam 8977: 8847: 8842: 8795: 8790: 8784: 8765: 8726: 8725: 8718: 8716: 8696: 8677: 8658: 8615: 8610: 8606:, June 1, 1988. 8593: 8589: 8581: 8577: 8567:Jewish Exponent 8561: 8557: 8548: 8546: 8538: 8537: 8533: 8525: 8521: 8513: 8509: 8489: 8485: 8466: 8462: 8454: 8450: 8440:Gilbert, Martin 8438: 8429: 8424: 8420: 8415: 8411: 8403:Nissim Rejwan, 8402: 8398: 8390: 8386: 8377: 8373: 8368: 8364: 8359: 8355: 8350: 8346: 8341: 8337: 8332: 8328: 8323: 8319: 8314: 8310: 8292: 8285: 8280: 8276: 8271: 8267: 8262: 8258: 8253: 8246: 8241: 8234: 8229: 8225: 8220: 8213: 8208: 8204: 8199: 8192: 8187: 8180: 8175: 8171: 8166: 8159: 8154: 8147: 8135: 8118: 8113: 8106: 8097: 8093: 8088: 8084: 8079: 8075: 8062: 8058: 8054:Laqueur 191–192 8053: 8049: 8044: 8040: 8035: 8028: 8023: 8019: 8014: 8010: 8005: 8001: 7993: 7986: 7978: 7971: 7963: 7956: 7940: 7936: 7931: 7927: 7922: 7918: 7903: 7899: 7890: 7886: 7877: 7873: 7857: 7853: 7840: 7839: 7835: 7829:Wayback Machine 7820: 7816: 7808: 7804: 7788: 7784: 7779: 7775: 7768: 7748: 7744: 7738: 7726: 7722: 7715: 7709: 7702: 7698: 7696: 7692: 7683: 7681: 7676: 7675: 7671: 7664: 7660: 7652: 7648: 7633: 7629: 7624: 7620: 7611: 7610: 7606: 7597: 7593: 7581: 7577: 7567: 7565: 7555: 7546: 7522: 7518: 7494: 7487: 7482: 7478: 7473: 7469: 7464: 7457: 7452: 7448: 7439: 7435: 7427: 7420: 7411: 7407: 7400: 7384: 7380: 7372: 7368: 7364: 7356:Supersessionism 7281:Jewish diaspora 7167: 7143:colonial powers 7098:According to a 7038:efforts in the 7016: 6998: 6897: 6889:Norman Stillman 6880: 6821: 6819:Medieval period 6748:Traditionally, 6746: 6695: 6636: 6614:. According to 6527: 6497:Religion portal 6491: 6490: 6489: 6355:Catholic Church 6307: 6297: 6296: 6101:North Macedonia 6066:Northern Cyprus 5873:Northern Cyprus 5652: 5642: 5641: 5640: 5616: 5615: 5606:Confessionalism 5550: 5535: 5490: 5476: 5470: 5421: 5369:Lucy Dawidowicz 5314:The Nazis used 5312: 5306: 5297:Weekly Standard 5211:Branford Clarke 5204: 5186: 5164: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5089:unclean animals 5021: 5013:Main articles: 5011: 4956: 4950: 4879: 4873: 4801:John Chrysostom 4793: 4720: 4714: 4687: 4681: 4667:David Nirenberg 4583:Edward Flannery 4579: 4536:supersessionism 4521: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4489: 4488: 4363:Polyculturalism 4259:Civil liberties 4231: 4223: 4222: 4221: 4220: 4219: 4200:Reappropriation 4100: 4099:Countermeasures 4092: 4091: 4090: 4089: 4088: 4017:Racial steering 3983:Numerus clausus 3887: 3879: 3878: 3877: 3876: 3875: 3600:Ethnic conflict 3535:Corrective rape 3490: 3482: 3481: 3480: 3479: 3478: 3125: 3114: 3113: 3112: 3111: 3110: 2965: 2955: 2954: 2953: 2952: 2951: 2843:HIV/AIDS stigma 2715: 2707: 2706: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2652:Mental disorder 2594: 2586: 2585: 2584: 2583: 2582: 2555: 2518: 2488:Religion portal 2482: 2481: 2480: 2346:Catholic Church 2298: 2288: 2287: 2092:North Macedonia 2057:Northern Cyprus 1864:Northern Cyprus 1643: 1633: 1632: 1631: 1607: 1606: 1597:Confessionalism 1541: 1518: 1477: 1476: 1457:Self-hating Jew 1447: 1439: 1438: 1359: 1341: 1331: 1330: 1215: 1205: 1204: 1180:Philippe Pétain 1175:László Ferenczy 1155:Gheorghe Buzatu 1090:Eustace Mullins 1085:Kevin MacDonald 1065:Osama bin Laden 1060:Arthur J. Jones 1045:Joseph Goebbels 1035:Theodor Fritsch 1025:Louis Farrakhan 1010:Édouard Drumont 1000:James von Brunn 975: 967: 966: 921:The Right Stuff 839: 831: 830: 817: 814: 803: 800: 778:La Libre Parole 753:La France juive 715: 705: 704: 599:Finance control 564: 554: 553: 495:Nation of Islam 423: 415: 414: 322:Imperial Russia 195: 185: 184: 160: 131: 130: 78: 72: 69: 62: 46: 42: 35: 12: 11: 5: 14484: 14474: 14473: 14468: 14451: 14450: 14448: 14447: 14437: 14426: 14423: 14422: 14420: 14419: 14414: 14413: 14412: 14402: 14397: 14392: 14391: 14390: 14385: 14380: 14370: 14365: 14360: 14355: 14350: 14345: 14344: 14343: 14341:Reverse racism 14333: 14328: 14323: 14318: 14313: 14311:Prisoner abuse 14308: 14303: 14301:Power distance 14298: 14293: 14288: 14283: 14278: 14273: 14268: 14267: 14266: 14256: 14251: 14246: 14241: 14236: 14231: 14226: 14221: 14219:Ethnic penalty 14216: 14215: 14214: 14212:Neurodiversity 14209: 14199: 14197:Dehumanization 14194: 14189: 14187:Cisnormativity 14184: 14179: 14174: 14168: 14166: 14165:Related topics 14162: 14161: 14159: 14158: 14153: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14118: 14113: 14108: 14103: 14098: 14093: 14088: 14087: 14086: 14076: 14071: 14066: 14061: 14056: 14051: 14045: 14043: 14039: 14038: 14036: 14035: 14030: 14025: 14023:State religion 14020: 14015: 14010: 14005: 14004: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13978: 13973: 13968: 13963: 13962: 13961: 13959:Nuremberg Laws 13956: 13946: 13941: 13936: 13928: 13923: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13903: 13901:Ghetto benches 13898: 13896:Gerrymandering 13893: 13888: 13883: 13881:Gender pay gap 13878: 13877: 13876: 13871: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13840: 13838: 13835:Discriminatory 13832: 13831: 13829: 13828: 13823: 13818: 13813: 13808: 13803: 13798: 13793: 13788: 13783: 13778: 13773: 13768: 13763: 13758: 13753: 13748: 13743: 13738: 13733: 13728: 13723: 13718: 13713: 13712: 13711: 13706: 13701: 13691: 13686: 13681: 13676: 13671: 13666: 13664:Lavender scare 13661: 13659:Kill Haole Day 13656: 13654:Indian rolling 13651: 13646: 13641: 13636: 13631: 13630: 13629: 13619: 13614: 13613: 13612: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13587: 13582: 13577: 13572: 13567: 13562: 13557: 13552: 13547: 13542: 13540:Eliminationism 13537: 13532: 13527: 13522: 13517: 13512: 13507: 13502: 13497: 13492: 13487: 13482: 13477: 13475:Cancel culture 13472: 13467: 13462: 13461: 13460: 13449: 13447: 13446:Manifestations 13443: 13442: 13440: 13439: 13434: 13429: 13424: 13419: 13414: 13409: 13404: 13399: 13394: 13389: 13384: 13379: 13374: 13369: 13364: 13359: 13354: 13349: 13344: 13342:Middle Eastern 13339: 13334: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13314: 13309: 13308: 13307: 13297: 13292: 13287: 13282: 13281: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13227: 13222: 13217: 13212: 13207: 13202: 13197: 13192: 13187: 13182: 13177: 13176: 13175: 13170: 13165: 13155: 13150: 13145: 13144: 13143: 13138: 13133: 13123: 13118: 13113: 13108: 13103: 13098: 13092: 13090: 13083: 13082: 13080: 13079: 13077:Zoroastrianism 13074: 13069: 13064: 13059: 13054: 13053: 13052: 13042: 13041: 13040: 13039: 13038: 13033: 13028: 13023: 13008: 13007: 13006: 13004:Untouchability 13001: 12991: 12986: 12985: 12984: 12979: 12974: 12969: 12964: 12954: 12949: 12944: 12938: 12936: 12930: 12929: 12927: 12926: 12921: 12916: 12915: 12914: 12909: 12904: 12894: 12893: 12892: 12887: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12830:Leprosy stigma 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12802: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12782: 12777: 12772: 12767: 12762: 12757: 12752: 12747: 12742: 12737: 12732: 12727: 12722: 12717: 12712: 12707: 12702: 12696: 12694: 12690: 12689: 12687: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12661: 12656: 12655: 12654: 12649: 12639: 12634: 12629: 12624: 12619: 12614: 12609: 12604: 12599: 12594: 12589: 12583: 12581: 12577: 12576: 12574: 12573: 12568: 12563: 12558: 12552: 12550: 12546: 12545: 12542:Discrimination 12538: 12537: 12530: 12523: 12515: 12506: 12505: 12493: 12490: 12489: 12487: 12486: 12480: 12475: 12469: 12463: 12457: 12451: 12450:(2016–ongoing) 12445: 12444:(2014–ongoing) 12439: 12433: 12432:(2014–ongoing) 12427: 12421: 12415: 12409: 12408:(2009–ongoing) 12403: 12402:(2004–ongoing) 12397: 12391: 12385: 12379: 12373: 12372: 12371: 12365: 12359: 12347: 12341: 12340: 12339: 12327: 12321: 12315: 12309: 12308:(1971–ongoing) 12303: 12297: 12296: 12295: 12289: 12277: 12276: 12275: 12269: 12263: 12251: 12245: 12244:(1953–ongoing) 12239: 12233: 12232:(1950–ongoing) 12227: 12226:(1949–ongoing) 12221: 12215: 12209: 12208:(1947–ongoing) 12203: 12202:(1947–ongoing) 12197: 12196:(1947–ongoing) 12191: 12185: 12179: 12173: 12170:Noakhali riots 12167: 12161: 12155: 12149: 12143: 12137: 12131: 12125: 12124: 12123: 12118: 12113: 12108: 12103: 12098: 12087: 12081: 12075: 12069: 12068: 12067: 12059:Greek genocide 12056: 12050: 12047:Adana massacre 12044: 12038: 12032: 12026: 12020: 12014: 12008: 12002: 11996: 11990: 11984: 11978: 11972: 11966: 11960: 11954: 11948: 11942: 11936: 11930: 11924: 11918: 11912: 11911:(c.184–c. 205) 11906: 11900: 11894: 11887: 11885: 11881: 11880: 11878: 11877: 11872: 11867: 11862: 11860:State religion 11857: 11852: 11847: 11842: 11837: 11832: 11827: 11822: 11817: 11812: 11807: 11802: 11797: 11792: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11772: 11767: 11765:Discrimination 11762: 11757: 11752: 11747: 11742: 11737: 11731: 11729: 11725: 11724: 11720: 11719: 11717:Zoroastrianism 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11693: 11692: 11684: 11683: 11682: 11681: 11680: 11675: 11670: 11665: 11650: 11649: 11648: 11646:Untouchability 11643: 11633: 11628: 11627: 11626: 11621: 11616: 11611: 11606: 11596: 11591: 11586: 11580: 11579: 11578: 11576: 11572: 11571: 11568:discrimination 11560: 11559: 11552: 11545: 11537: 11528: 11527: 11525: 11524: 11510: 11490: 11487: 11486: 11484: 11483: 11482: 11481: 11480: 11479: 11474: 11469: 11463:non-Christian 11461: 11460: 11459: 11454: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11419: 11412: 11405: 11400: 11393: 11388: 11383: 11376: 11371: 11366: 11359: 11354: 11353: 11352: 11347: 11342: 11337: 11332: 11321: 11319: 11313: 11312: 11310: 11309: 11304: 11303: 11302: 11297: 11287: 11282: 11277: 11272: 11267: 11266: 11265: 11255: 11254: 11253: 11248: 11238: 11233: 11232: 11231: 11221: 11220: 11219: 11209: 11204: 11203: 11202: 11197: 11186: 11184: 11178: 11177: 11175: 11174: 11169: 11164: 11162:Shulchan Aruch 11159: 11158: 11157: 11152: 11150:Sefer Yetzirah 11147: 11142: 11137: 11132: 11130:Pardes Rimonim 11127: 11120:Kabbalah texts 11117: 11116: 11115: 11110: 11105: 11100: 11090: 11089: 11088: 11083: 11078: 11064: 11058: 11056: 11050: 11049: 11047: 11046: 11041: 11036: 11031: 11026: 11021: 11016: 11011: 11010: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10998: 10997: 10987: 10982: 10977: 10972: 10967: 10966: 10965: 10960: 10959: 10958: 10953: 10932: 10930: 10924: 10923: 10921: 10920: 10915: 10913:Land of Israel 10910: 10909: 10908: 10898: 10893: 10888: 10887: 10886: 10876: 10871: 10866: 10865: 10864: 10854: 10849: 10844: 10839: 10838: 10837: 10826: 10824: 10818: 10817: 10815: 10814: 10809: 10808: 10807: 10806: 10805: 10800: 10799: 10798: 10791: 10789:Judeo-Alsatian 10781: 10780: 10779: 10772: 10767: 10762: 10742: 10737: 10732: 10727: 10722: 10717: 10716: 10715: 10710: 10700: 10695: 10690: 10685: 10680: 10675: 10670: 10665: 10660: 10655: 10654: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10641:Judeo-Hamedani 10638: 10633: 10628: 10618: 10616:Judaeo-Occitan 10613: 10608: 10603: 10598: 10597: 10596: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10575: 10574: 10569: 10564: 10557:Jewish English 10554: 10549: 10548: 10547: 10546: 10545: 10535: 10530: 10525: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10505: 10500: 10495: 10488:Judaeo-Aramaic 10485: 10484: 10483: 10478: 10476:Judeo-Tunisian 10473: 10468: 10466:Judeo-Moroccan 10463: 10462: 10461: 10459:Judeo-Baghdadi 10446: 10441: 10436: 10435: 10434: 10429: 10424: 10419: 10414: 10409: 10404: 10399: 10394: 10389: 10384: 10379: 10374: 10363: 10361: 10349: 10348: 10345: 10344: 10342: 10341: 10340: 10339: 10338: 10337: 10327: 10326: 10325: 10315: 10310: 10308:Livornese Jews 10305: 10295: 10290: 10289: 10288: 10278: 10277: 10276: 10275: 10274: 10269: 10264: 10259: 10249: 10244: 10239: 10234: 10229: 10224: 10219: 10214: 10209: 10199: 10198: 10197: 10187: 10182: 10177: 10172: 10171: 10170: 10165: 10155: 10150: 10149: 10148: 10138: 10133: 10128: 10127: 10126: 10121: 10111: 10110: 10109: 10104: 10094: 10093: 10092: 10087: 10082: 10077: 10072: 10067: 10062: 10057: 10055:Afrikaner-Jode 10046: 10044: 10035: 10034: 10029: 10024: 10023: 10022: 10012: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9982: 9976: 9974: 9968: 9967: 9965: 9964: 9959: 9954: 9949: 9944: 9939: 9934: 9929: 9924: 9918: 9916: 9910: 9909: 9907: 9906: 9901: 9895: 9892: 9891: 9880: 9879: 9872: 9865: 9857: 9848: 9847: 9845: 9844: 9839: 9838: 9837: 9832: 9822: 9817: 9812: 9807: 9802: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9786: 9785: 9784: 9783: 9778: 9771:United Kingdom 9768: 9763: 9758: 9753: 9752: 9751: 9746: 9736: 9731: 9726: 9721: 9716: 9711: 9706: 9705: 9704: 9694: 9689: 9679: 9674: 9669: 9664: 9659: 9654: 9649: 9648: 9647: 9636: 9634: 9630: 9629: 9627: 9626: 9621: 9616: 9611: 9606: 9601: 9596: 9591: 9585: 9583: 9578: 9575: 9574: 9572: 9571: 9566: 9565: 9564: 9554: 9549: 9544: 9539: 9534: 9532:Nuremberg Laws 9529: 9524: 9517: 9512: 9507: 9502: 9501: 9500: 9495: 9488:Jewish quarter 9485: 9480: 9475: 9470: 9464: 9462: 9456: 9455: 9453: 9452: 9447: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9414: 9409: 9402: 9396: 9394: 9390: 9389: 9387: 9386: 9384:ZOG conspiracy 9381: 9376: 9371: 9366: 9361: 9356: 9351: 9350: 9349: 9344: 9342:Final Solution 9334: 9329: 9328: 9327: 9317: 9312: 9307: 9302: 9297: 9292: 9287: 9282: 9277: 9275:Ghetto benches 9271: 9269: 9264: 9261: 9260: 9258: 9257: 9252: 9245: 9240: 9235: 9230: 9225: 9220: 9219: 9218: 9213: 9208: 9198: 9196:Jewish deicide 9193: 9187: 9185: 9179: 9178: 9176: 9175: 9170: 9165: 9160: 9155: 9150: 9143: 9142: 9141: 9129: 9124: 9117: 9112: 9111: 9110: 9105: 9093: 9088: 9083: 9082: 9081: 9071: 9064: 9059: 9054: 9049: 9044: 9038: 9036: 9035:Related topics 9032: 9031: 9029: 9028: 9023: 9018: 9013: 9008: 9003: 8998: 8997: 8996: 8985: 8983: 8979: 8978: 8976: 8975: 8974: 8973: 8968: 8963: 8950: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8930: 8929: 8928: 8923: 8913: 8912: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8891: 8886: 8881: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8861: 8855: 8853: 8849: 8848: 8841: 8840: 8833: 8826: 8818: 8812: 8811: 8806: 8801: 8794: 8793:External links 8791: 8789: 8788: 8782: 8769: 8763: 8745: 8739: 8700: 8694: 8681: 8675: 8662: 8656: 8643: 8642:: p. 383. 8632: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8608: 8587: 8575: 8555: 8531: 8519: 8507: 8497:. W.H. Allen. 8483: 8460: 8448: 8427: 8418: 8409: 8396: 8394:(1995) p. xvii 8384: 8371: 8362: 8353: 8344: 8335: 8326: 8317: 8308: 8283: 8274: 8265: 8256: 8244: 8232: 8223: 8211: 8202: 8190: 8178: 8169: 8157: 8145: 8116: 8104: 8091: 8082: 8073: 8056: 8047: 8038: 8026: 8017: 8008: 7999: 7984: 7969: 7954: 7934: 7925: 7916: 7897: 7884: 7871: 7851: 7848:on 2011-07-21. 7833: 7814: 7802: 7782: 7773: 7766: 7742: 7720: 7716:(74.4 KB) 7712:on 2011-03-01. 7690: 7669: 7658: 7646: 7627: 7618: 7604: 7591: 7575: 7544: 7524:Craig Blomberg 7516: 7485: 7476: 7467: 7455: 7446: 7433: 7429:Nirenberg 2014 7418: 7405: 7398: 7378: 7374:Nirenberg 2014 7365: 7363: 7360: 7359: 7358: 7353: 7348: 7343: 7338: 7333: 7328: 7323: 7318: 7313: 7311:Jewish schisms 7308: 7303: 7298: 7296:Jewish history 7293: 7288: 7283: 7278: 7276:Jesus in Islam 7273: 7268: 7263: 7258: 7253: 7248: 7243: 7238: 7233: 7228: 7223: 7218: 7213: 7208: 7203: 7198: 7193: 7188: 7183: 7178: 7173: 7166: 7163: 7135:Ottoman Empire 7110:reported 74%, 7093:Robert Satloff 7020:Martin Gilbert 6997: 6994: 6964:Constantinople 6928:Passover bread 6901:Martin Gilbert 6896: 6893: 6849:Moorish Iberia 6820: 6817: 6813:Almohaddynasty 6771:early medieval 6745: 6742: 6741: 6740: 6737: 6734: 6731: 6720: 6717: 6710:Jewish deicide 6694: 6691: 6643:Walter Laqueur 6635: 6632: 6624:Ottoman Empire 6575:Battle of Uhud 6529: 6528: 6526: 6525: 6518: 6511: 6503: 6500: 6499: 6493: 6492: 6488: 6487: 6485:Zoroastrianism 6482: 6477: 6472: 6471: 6470: 6460: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6438: 6437: 6436: 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6401: 6391: 6386: 6385: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6347: 6346: 6345: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6309: 6308: 6303: 6302: 6299: 6298: 6293: 6292: 6291: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6262: 6261: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6254: 6246: 6245: 6239: 6238: 6237: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6158: 6157: 6151: 6150: 6149: 6148: 6146:United Kingdom 6143: 6138: 6133: 6128: 6123: 6118: 6113: 6108: 6103: 6098: 6093: 6088: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6010: 6009: 6003: 6002: 6001: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5860: 5855: 5850: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5822: 5821: 5815: 5814: 5813: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5769: 5768: 5758: 5757: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5662: 5661: 5653: 5648: 5647: 5644: 5643: 5639: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5621:State religion 5617: 5614: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5552: 5551: 5548: 5547: 5544: 5543: 5534: 5531: 5530: 5529: 5522: 5512:Scholars like 5472:Main article: 5469: 5466: 5452:, the largest 5439:Michael Phayer 5420: 5419:Post-Holocaust 5417: 5305: 5302: 5185: 5182: 5109:Simon of Trent 5095:, appeared on 5058:". During the 5056:necessary evil 5029:Roman Catholic 5010: 5007: 4952:Main article: 4949: 4946: 4877:Jewish deicide 4875:Main article: 4872: 4869: 4843:Justinian Code 4792: 4789: 4765:Craig Blomberg 4744:Gospel of John 4732:Christ Killers 4728:Pontius Pilate 4716:Main article: 4713: 4710: 4683:Main article: 4680: 4677: 4578: 4575: 4523: 4522: 4520: 4519: 4512: 4505: 4497: 4494: 4493: 4487: 4486: 4481: 4480: 4479: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4458: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4437: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4412: 4411: 4410: 4408:Reverse racism 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4378:Prisoner abuse 4375: 4370: 4368:Power distance 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4334: 4333: 4323: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4286:Ethnic penalty 4283: 4282: 4281: 4279:Neurodiversity 4276: 4266: 4264:Dehumanization 4261: 4256: 4254:Cisnormativity 4251: 4246: 4241: 4235: 4234: 4233: 4232: 4230:Related topics 4229: 4228: 4225: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4212: 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4104: 4103: 4102: 4101: 4098: 4097: 4094: 4093: 4087: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4074:State religion 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4055: 4054: 4049: 4044: 4039: 4029: 4024: 4019: 4014: 4013: 4012: 4010:Nuremberg Laws 4007: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3952:Ghetto benches 3949: 3947:Gerrymandering 3944: 3939: 3934: 3932:Gender pay gap 3929: 3928: 3927: 3922: 3912: 3907: 3902: 3897: 3891: 3890: 3889: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3874: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3757: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3709:Lavender scare 3706: 3704:Kill Haole Day 3701: 3699:Indian rolling 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3675: 3674: 3664: 3659: 3658: 3657: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3585:Eliminationism 3582: 3577: 3572: 3567: 3562: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3542: 3537: 3532: 3527: 3522: 3520:Cancel culture 3517: 3512: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3494: 3493: 3492: 3491: 3489:Manifestations 3488: 3487: 3484: 3483: 3477: 3476: 3471: 3466: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3401: 3396: 3391: 3386: 3381: 3379:Middle Eastern 3376: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3345: 3344: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3318: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3214: 3213: 3212: 3207: 3202: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3181: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3129: 3128: 3127: 3126: 3120: 3119: 3116: 3115: 3109: 3108: 3106:Zoroastrianism 3103: 3098: 3093: 3088: 3083: 3082: 3081: 3073: 3072: 3071: 3070: 3069: 3064: 3059: 3054: 3039: 3038: 3037: 3035:Untouchability 3032: 3022: 3017: 3016: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2967: 2966: 2961: 2960: 2957: 2956: 2950: 2949: 2944: 2939: 2938: 2937: 2932: 2927: 2917: 2916: 2915: 2910: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2853:Leprosy stigma 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2765: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2719: 2718: 2717: 2716: 2713: 2712: 2709: 2708: 2702: 2701: 2696: 2691: 2686: 2681: 2676: 2671: 2670: 2669: 2664: 2654: 2649: 2644: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2598: 2597: 2596: 2595: 2592: 2591: 2588: 2587: 2581: 2580: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2559: 2558: 2557: 2556: 2553: 2552: 2549: 2548: 2540: 2539: 2537:Discrimination 2533: 2532: 2520: 2519: 2517: 2516: 2509: 2502: 2494: 2491: 2490: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2478: 2476:Zoroastrianism 2473: 2468: 2463: 2462: 2461: 2451: 2450: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2429: 2428: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2412: 2407: 2402: 2392: 2382: 2377: 2376: 2375: 2370: 2365: 2360: 2355: 2350: 2349: 2348: 2338: 2337: 2336: 2321: 2316: 2311: 2306: 2300: 2299: 2294: 2293: 2290: 2289: 2284: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2276: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2253: 2252: 2248: 2247: 2246: 2245: 2237: 2236: 2230: 2229: 2228: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2149: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2139: 2137:United Kingdom 2134: 2129: 2124: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2001: 2000: 1994: 1993: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1821: 1813: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1804: 1803: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1760: 1759: 1749: 1748: 1747: 1746: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1653: 1652: 1644: 1639: 1638: 1635: 1634: 1630: 1629: 1624: 1619: 1614: 1612:State religion 1608: 1605: 1604: 1599: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1579: 1574: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1535: 1534: 1524: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1517: 1516: 1509: 1502: 1494: 1491: 1490: 1479: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1448: 1446:Related topics 1445: 1444: 1441: 1440: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1353: 1348: 1342: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1332: 1329: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1307: 1306: 1301: 1299:Russian Empire 1291: 1286: 1284:Nuremberg Laws 1281: 1276: 1269: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1253: 1252: 1247: 1240:Jewish quarter 1237: 1232: 1227: 1222: 1216: 1211: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1200:Richard Wagner 1197: 1192: 1190:Stepan Bandera 1187: 1185:Symon Petliura 1182: 1177: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1052: 1047: 1042: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1020:Adolf Eichmann 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 976: 973: 972: 969: 968: 965: 964: 962:Veterans Today 959: 956:The Unz Review 952: 945: 940: 935: 930: 925: 917: 912: 907: 900: 895: 890: 885: 880: 875: 870: 863: 858: 851: 846: 840: 837: 836: 833: 832: 829: 828: 823: 818: 811: 809: 804: 797: 795: 790: 785: 780: 775: 770: 765: 760: 755: 750: 742: 737: 732: 727: 722: 716: 711: 710: 707: 706: 703: 702: 700:ZOG conspiracy 697: 695:White genocide 692: 690:Well poisoning 687: 682: 681: 680: 675: 665: 660: 655: 650: 648:Judeo-Masonism 645: 644: 643: 633: 628: 623: 618: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 576: 571: 565: 560: 559: 556: 555: 552: 551: 550: 549: 544: 534: 529: 524: 519: 514: 513: 512: 507: 497: 492: 487: 482: 477: 472: 467: 462: 457: 452: 451: 450: 440: 435: 430: 424: 422:Manifestations 421: 420: 417: 416: 413: 412: 407: 406: 405: 400: 390: 389: 388: 383: 376:United Kingdom 373: 368: 363: 358: 353: 348: 347: 346: 336: 335: 334: 329: 324: 314: 309: 304: 299: 294: 289: 284: 279: 274: 269: 264: 263: 262: 257: 255:Dreyfus affair 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 212: 207: 202: 196: 191: 190: 187: 186: 183: 182: 177: 172: 170:Nexus Document 167: 161: 158: 157: 154: 153: 152: 151: 146: 141: 133: 132: 129: 128: 126:discrimination 122:Jewish history 117: 116: 108: 107: 101: 100: 88: 87: 80: 79: 52:may relate to 49: 47: 40: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14483: 14472: 14469: 14467: 14464: 14463: 14461: 14446: 14438: 14436: 14428: 14427: 14424: 14418: 14415: 14411: 14408: 14407: 14406: 14403: 14401: 14398: 14396: 14395:Social stigma 14393: 14389: 14386: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14375: 14374: 14371: 14369: 14366: 14364: 14361: 14359: 14356: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14342: 14339: 14338: 14337: 14334: 14332: 14329: 14327: 14324: 14322: 14319: 14317: 14314: 14312: 14309: 14307: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14297: 14294: 14292: 14289: 14287: 14284: 14282: 14279: 14277: 14274: 14272: 14269: 14265: 14262: 14261: 14260: 14257: 14255: 14252: 14250: 14247: 14245: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14230: 14227: 14225: 14222: 14220: 14217: 14213: 14210: 14208: 14205: 14204: 14203: 14200: 14198: 14195: 14193: 14190: 14188: 14185: 14183: 14180: 14178: 14175: 14173: 14170: 14169: 14167: 14163: 14157: 14154: 14152: 14149: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14137: 14134: 14132: 14129: 14127: 14124: 14122: 14119: 14117: 14114: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14102: 14099: 14097: 14094: 14092: 14089: 14085: 14082: 14081: 14080: 14077: 14075: 14072: 14070: 14067: 14065: 14062: 14060: 14057: 14055: 14052: 14050: 14047: 14046: 14044: 14040: 14034: 14031: 14029: 14026: 14024: 14021: 14019: 14018:State atheism 14016: 14014: 14011: 14009: 14006: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13983: 13982: 13979: 13977: 13974: 13972: 13969: 13967: 13964: 13960: 13957: 13955: 13954:Jim Crow laws 13952: 13951: 13950: 13947: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13939:One-drop rule 13937: 13935: 13933: 13929: 13927: 13924: 13922: 13919: 13917: 13914: 13912: 13909: 13907: 13904: 13902: 13899: 13897: 13894: 13892: 13889: 13887: 13884: 13882: 13879: 13875: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13866: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13857: 13855: 13854:Blood quantum 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13841: 13839: 13833: 13827: 13824: 13822: 13819: 13817: 13814: 13812: 13809: 13807: 13804: 13802: 13801:Victimisation 13799: 13797: 13796:Trans bashing 13794: 13792: 13789: 13787: 13784: 13782: 13779: 13777: 13774: 13772: 13769: 13767: 13766:Religious war 13764: 13762: 13759: 13757: 13754: 13752: 13749: 13747: 13746:Racialization 13744: 13742: 13739: 13737: 13734: 13732: 13729: 13727: 13724: 13722: 13719: 13717: 13714: 13710: 13707: 13705: 13702: 13700: 13697: 13696: 13695: 13692: 13690: 13687: 13685: 13682: 13680: 13677: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13665: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13655: 13652: 13650: 13647: 13645: 13642: 13640: 13637: 13635: 13632: 13628: 13625: 13624: 13623: 13620: 13618: 13617:Glass ceiling 13615: 13611: 13608: 13607: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13581: 13578: 13576: 13573: 13571: 13568: 13566: 13563: 13561: 13560:Ethnic hatred 13558: 13556: 13553: 13551: 13548: 13546: 13543: 13541: 13538: 13536: 13533: 13531: 13528: 13526: 13523: 13521: 13518: 13516: 13513: 13511: 13508: 13506: 13503: 13501: 13498: 13496: 13495:Counter-jihad 13493: 13491: 13488: 13486: 13483: 13481: 13478: 13476: 13473: 13471: 13468: 13466: 13463: 13459: 13456: 13455: 13454: 13451: 13450: 13448: 13444: 13438: 13435: 13433: 13430: 13428: 13425: 13423: 13420: 13418: 13415: 13413: 13410: 13408: 13405: 13403: 13400: 13398: 13395: 13393: 13390: 13388: 13385: 13383: 13380: 13378: 13375: 13373: 13370: 13368: 13365: 13363: 13360: 13358: 13355: 13353: 13350: 13348: 13345: 13343: 13340: 13338: 13335: 13333: 13330: 13328: 13325: 13323: 13320: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13306: 13303: 13302: 13301: 13298: 13296: 13293: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13279: 13278:United States 13276: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13266: 13265: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13248: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13236: 13233: 13231: 13228: 13226: 13223: 13221: 13218: 13216: 13213: 13211: 13208: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13181: 13178: 13174: 13171: 13169: 13166: 13164: 13161: 13160: 13159: 13156: 13154: 13151: 13149: 13146: 13142: 13141:United States 13139: 13137: 13134: 13132: 13129: 13128: 13127: 13124: 13122: 13119: 13117: 13114: 13112: 13109: 13107: 13104: 13102: 13099: 13097: 13094: 13093: 13091: 13089: 13084: 13078: 13075: 13073: 13070: 13068: 13065: 13063: 13062:Protestantism 13060: 13058: 13055: 13051: 13048: 13047: 13046: 13043: 13037: 13034: 13032: 13029: 13027: 13024: 13022: 13019: 13018: 13017: 13014: 13013: 13012: 13009: 13005: 13002: 13000: 12997: 12996: 12995: 12992: 12990: 12987: 12983: 12980: 12978: 12977:LDS or Mormon 12975: 12973: 12970: 12968: 12965: 12963: 12960: 12959: 12958: 12955: 12953: 12950: 12948: 12945: 12943: 12940: 12939: 12937: 12935: 12931: 12925: 12922: 12920: 12917: 12913: 12910: 12908: 12907:Transmisogyny 12905: 12903: 12900: 12899: 12898: 12895: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12882: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12810:Gerontophobia 12808: 12806: 12803: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12778: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12766: 12763: 12761: 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12748: 12746: 12743: 12741: 12740:Anti-intersex 12738: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12715:Anti-albinism 12713: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12698: 12697: 12695: 12691: 12685: 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12653: 12650: 12648: 12645: 12644: 12643: 12640: 12638: 12635: 12633: 12630: 12628: 12625: 12623: 12620: 12618: 12615: 12613: 12610: 12608: 12605: 12603: 12600: 12598: 12595: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12585: 12584: 12582: 12578: 12572: 12569: 12567: 12564: 12562: 12559: 12557: 12556:Institutional 12554: 12553: 12551: 12547: 12543: 12536: 12531: 12529: 12524: 12522: 12517: 12516: 12513: 12503: 12498: 12491: 12484: 12481: 12479: 12476: 12473: 12470: 12467: 12464: 12461: 12458: 12455: 12452: 12449: 12446: 12443: 12440: 12437: 12434: 12431: 12428: 12425: 12422: 12419: 12416: 12413: 12410: 12407: 12404: 12401: 12398: 12395: 12392: 12389: 12386: 12383: 12380: 12377: 12374: 12369: 12366: 12363: 12360: 12357: 12354: 12353: 12351: 12350:Yugoslav Wars 12348: 12345: 12342: 12337: 12336:Big Excursion 12334: 12333: 12331: 12328: 12325: 12322: 12319: 12316: 12313: 12310: 12307: 12304: 12301: 12298: 12293: 12290: 12287: 12284: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12273: 12270: 12267: 12264: 12261: 12258: 12257: 12255: 12252: 12249: 12246: 12243: 12240: 12237: 12234: 12231: 12228: 12225: 12222: 12219: 12216: 12213: 12210: 12207: 12204: 12201: 12198: 12195: 12192: 12189: 12186: 12183: 12180: 12177: 12174: 12171: 12168: 12165: 12162: 12159: 12156: 12153: 12150: 12147: 12146:The Holocaust 12144: 12141: 12138: 12135: 12132: 12129: 12126: 12122: 12119: 12117: 12114: 12112: 12109: 12107: 12104: 12102: 12099: 12097: 12094: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12085: 12082: 12079: 12076: 12073: 12070: 12066: 12063: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12054: 12051: 12048: 12045: 12042: 12041:Dungan Revolt 12039: 12036: 12033: 12030: 12027: 12024: 12021: 12018: 12015: 12012: 12009: 12006: 12003: 12000: 11997: 11994: 11991: 11988: 11985: 11982: 11979: 11976: 11973: 11970: 11967: 11964: 11961: 11958: 11955: 11952: 11949: 11946: 11943: 11940: 11937: 11934: 11931: 11928: 11925: 11922: 11919: 11916: 11913: 11910: 11907: 11904: 11901: 11898: 11895: 11892: 11889: 11888: 11886: 11882: 11876: 11873: 11871: 11868: 11866: 11863: 11861: 11858: 11856: 11855:State atheism 11853: 11851: 11848: 11846: 11843: 11841: 11838: 11836: 11833: 11831: 11828: 11826: 11823: 11821: 11818: 11816: 11813: 11811: 11808: 11806: 11803: 11801: 11798: 11796: 11793: 11791: 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11773: 11771: 11768: 11766: 11763: 11761: 11758: 11756: 11753: 11751: 11750:Deprogramming 11748: 11746: 11743: 11741: 11738: 11736: 11733: 11732: 11730: 11726: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11702:Protestantism 11700: 11698: 11695: 11691: 11688: 11687: 11685: 11679: 11676: 11674: 11671: 11669: 11666: 11664: 11661: 11660: 11659: 11656: 11655: 11654: 11651: 11647: 11644: 11642: 11639: 11638: 11637: 11634: 11632: 11629: 11625: 11622: 11620: 11619:LDS or Mormon 11617: 11615: 11612: 11610: 11607: 11605: 11602: 11601: 11600: 11597: 11595: 11592: 11590: 11587: 11585: 11582: 11581: 11577: 11573: 11569: 11565: 11558: 11553: 11551: 11546: 11544: 11539: 11538: 11535: 11523: 11522: 11511: 11509: 11508: 11499: 11498: 11497: 11493: 11488: 11478: 11475: 11473: 11470: 11468: 11465: 11464: 11462: 11458: 11455: 11453: 11450: 11448: 11447:Protestantism 11445: 11443: 11440: 11438: 11435: 11433: 11430: 11429: 11428: 11425: 11424: 11423: 11420: 11418: 11417: 11413: 11411: 11410: 11406: 11404: 11401: 11399: 11398: 11394: 11392: 11389: 11387: 11384: 11382: 11381: 11377: 11375: 11372: 11370: 11367: 11365: 11364: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11351: 11348: 11346: 11343: 11341: 11338: 11336: 11333: 11331: 11328: 11327: 11326: 11323: 11322: 11320: 11318: 11314: 11308: 11305: 11301: 11298: 11296: 11293: 11292: 11291: 11288: 11286: 11283: 11281: 11278: 11276: 11273: 11271: 11268: 11264: 11261: 11260: 11259: 11256: 11252: 11249: 11247: 11244: 11243: 11242: 11239: 11237: 11234: 11230: 11227: 11226: 11225: 11222: 11218: 11215: 11214: 11213: 11210: 11208: 11205: 11201: 11198: 11196: 11193: 11192: 11191: 11188: 11187: 11185: 11183: 11179: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11163: 11160: 11156: 11153: 11151: 11148: 11146: 11143: 11141: 11138: 11136: 11135:Sefer HaBahir 11133: 11131: 11128: 11126: 11123: 11122: 11121: 11118: 11114: 11111: 11109: 11106: 11104: 11101: 11099: 11096: 11095: 11094: 11091: 11087: 11084: 11082: 11079: 11077: 11074: 11073: 11072: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11062:Sifrei Kodesh 11060: 11059: 11057: 11055: 11051: 11045: 11042: 11040: 11037: 11035: 11032: 11030: 11027: 11025: 11022: 11020: 11017: 11015: 11012: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10996: 10993: 10992: 10991: 10988: 10986: 10983: 10981: 10978: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10964: 10961: 10957: 10954: 10952: 10949: 10948: 10947: 10944: 10943: 10942: 10939: 10938: 10937: 10934: 10933: 10931: 10929: 10925: 10919: 10918:Who is a Jew? 10916: 10914: 10911: 10907: 10904: 10903: 10902: 10899: 10897: 10894: 10892: 10889: 10885: 10882: 10881: 10880: 10877: 10875: 10872: 10870: 10867: 10863: 10860: 10859: 10858: 10855: 10853: 10850: 10848: 10847:Chosen people 10845: 10843: 10840: 10836: 10833: 10832: 10831: 10828: 10827: 10825: 10823: 10819: 10813: 10810: 10804: 10803:Scots-Yiddish 10801: 10797: 10796: 10792: 10790: 10787: 10786: 10785: 10782: 10778: 10777: 10776:Klezmer-loshn 10773: 10771: 10768: 10766: 10763: 10761: 10758: 10757: 10756: 10753: 10752: 10751: 10748: 10747: 10746: 10743: 10741: 10738: 10736: 10733: 10731: 10728: 10726: 10723: 10721: 10718: 10714: 10711: 10709: 10706: 10705: 10704: 10701: 10699: 10696: 10694: 10691: 10689: 10686: 10684: 10681: 10679: 10676: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10664: 10661: 10659: 10656: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10646:Judeo-Shirazi 10644: 10642: 10639: 10637: 10634: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10623: 10622: 10621:Judeo-Persian 10619: 10617: 10614: 10612: 10611:Judeo-Marathi 10609: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10599: 10595: 10592: 10591: 10590: 10589:Judeo-Italian 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10573: 10570: 10568: 10565: 10563: 10560: 10559: 10558: 10555: 10553: 10550: 10544: 10541: 10540: 10539: 10536: 10534: 10531: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10521: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10504: 10501: 10499: 10496: 10494: 10491: 10490: 10489: 10486: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10472: 10469: 10467: 10464: 10460: 10457: 10456: 10455: 10452: 10451: 10450: 10447: 10445: 10444:Judeo-Amazigh 10442: 10440: 10437: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10423: 10420: 10418: 10415: 10413: 10410: 10408: 10405: 10403: 10400: 10398: 10395: 10393: 10390: 10388: 10385: 10383: 10380: 10378: 10375: 10373: 10370: 10369: 10368: 10365: 10364: 10362: 10359: 10354: 10350: 10336: 10333: 10332: 10331: 10328: 10324: 10321: 10320: 10319: 10316: 10314: 10311: 10309: 10306: 10304: 10301: 10300: 10299: 10296: 10294: 10291: 10287: 10284: 10283: 10282: 10279: 10273: 10270: 10268: 10267:Hadhrami Jews 10265: 10263: 10260: 10258: 10255: 10254: 10253: 10250: 10248: 10245: 10243: 10240: 10238: 10235: 10233: 10232:Mountain Jews 10230: 10228: 10227:Egyptian Jews 10225: 10223: 10222:Bukharan Jews 10220: 10218: 10215: 10213: 10210: 10208: 10205: 10204: 10203: 10200: 10196: 10193: 10192: 10191: 10188: 10186: 10183: 10181: 10178: 10176: 10173: 10169: 10166: 10164: 10161: 10160: 10159: 10156: 10154: 10151: 10147: 10144: 10143: 10142: 10139: 10137: 10134: 10132: 10129: 10125: 10122: 10120: 10117: 10116: 10115: 10112: 10108: 10105: 10103: 10100: 10099: 10098: 10095: 10091: 10088: 10086: 10083: 10081: 10078: 10076: 10073: 10071: 10068: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10056: 10053: 10052: 10051: 10048: 10047: 10045: 10043: 10039: 10033: 10030: 10028: 10025: 10021: 10018: 10017: 10016: 10013: 10011: 10010:Lists of Jews 10008: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9986: 9983: 9981: 9978: 9977: 9975: 9973: 9969: 9963: 9960: 9958: 9955: 9953: 9950: 9948: 9945: 9943: 9940: 9938: 9935: 9933: 9930: 9928: 9925: 9923: 9920: 9919: 9917: 9915: 9911: 9905: 9902: 9900: 9897: 9896: 9893: 9889: 9885: 9878: 9873: 9871: 9866: 9864: 9859: 9858: 9855: 9843: 9840: 9836: 9833: 9831: 9828: 9827: 9826: 9825:United States 9823: 9821: 9818: 9816: 9813: 9811: 9808: 9806: 9803: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9782: 9779: 9777: 9774: 9773: 9772: 9769: 9767: 9764: 9762: 9759: 9757: 9754: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9741: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9730: 9727: 9725: 9722: 9720: 9717: 9715: 9712: 9710: 9707: 9703: 9700: 9699: 9698: 9695: 9693: 9690: 9688: 9685: 9684: 9683: 9680: 9678: 9675: 9673: 9670: 9668: 9665: 9663: 9660: 9658: 9655: 9653: 9650: 9646: 9643: 9642: 9641: 9638: 9637: 9635: 9631: 9625: 9622: 9620: 9617: 9615: 9612: 9610: 9607: 9605: 9602: 9600: 9597: 9595: 9592: 9590: 9587: 9586: 9584: 9576: 9570: 9567: 9563: 9560: 9559: 9558: 9555: 9553: 9550: 9548: 9545: 9543: 9540: 9538: 9535: 9533: 9530: 9528: 9525: 9523: 9522: 9518: 9516: 9513: 9511: 9508: 9506: 9505:The Holocaust 9503: 9499: 9496: 9494: 9491: 9490: 9489: 9486: 9484: 9481: 9479: 9476: 9474: 9471: 9469: 9466: 9465: 9463: 9461: 9457: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9444: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9413: 9410: 9408: 9407: 9403: 9401: 9398: 9397: 9395: 9391: 9385: 9382: 9380: 9377: 9375: 9372: 9370: 9369:Doctors' plot 9367: 9365: 9364:Slánský trial 9362: 9360: 9357: 9355: 9352: 9348: 9347:The Holocaust 9345: 9343: 9340: 9339: 9338: 9335: 9333: 9330: 9326: 9323: 9322: 9321: 9320:Farhud (Iraq) 9318: 9316: 9313: 9311: 9308: 9306: 9303: 9301: 9298: 9296: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9283: 9281: 9280:Hep-Hep riots 9278: 9276: 9273: 9272: 9270: 9262: 9256: 9253: 9251: 9250: 9246: 9244: 9241: 9239: 9236: 9234: 9231: 9229: 9228:Martin Luther 9226: 9224: 9221: 9217: 9214: 9212: 9209: 9207: 9204: 9203: 9202: 9199: 9197: 9194: 9192: 9189: 9188: 9186: 9184: 9180: 9174: 9171: 9169: 9166: 9164: 9163:Weaponization 9161: 9159: 9156: 9154: 9151: 9149: 9148: 9144: 9140: 9137: 9136: 9135: 9134: 9130: 9128: 9127:Philosemitism 9125: 9123: 9122: 9118: 9116: 9113: 9109: 9106: 9104: 9101: 9100: 9099: 9098: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9086:Khazar theory 9084: 9080: 9077: 9076: 9075: 9072: 9070: 9069: 9065: 9063: 9060: 9058: 9055: 9053: 9050: 9048: 9045: 9043: 9040: 9039: 9037: 9033: 9027: 9024: 9022: 9019: 9017: 9016:Olympic Games 9014: 9012: 9009: 9007: 9004: 9002: 8999: 8995: 8994:New Testament 8992: 8991: 8990: 8987: 8986: 8984: 8980: 8972: 8969: 8967: 8964: 8962: 8956: 8955: 8954: 8951: 8949: 8946: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8895: 8892: 8890: 8887: 8885: 8882: 8880: 8877: 8875: 8872: 8870: 8867: 8865: 8862: 8860: 8857: 8856: 8854: 8850: 8846: 8839: 8834: 8832: 8827: 8825: 8820: 8819: 8816: 8810: 8807: 8805: 8802: 8800: 8797: 8796: 8785: 8783:0-312-16561-7 8779: 8775: 8770: 8766: 8760: 8756: 8755: 8750: 8746: 8744: 8740: 8736: 8730: 8714: 8710: 8706: 8701: 8697: 8695:0-393-31839-7 8691: 8687: 8682: 8678: 8676:0-691-00807-8 8672: 8668: 8663: 8659: 8653: 8649: 8644: 8641: 8637: 8633: 8630: 8629:0-86078-661-7 8626: 8622: 8618: 8617: 8605: 8601: 8597: 8591: 8584: 8579: 8572: 8568: 8564: 8559: 8545: 8544:The Telegraph 8541: 8535: 8528: 8523: 8516: 8511: 8504: 8503:0-491-00003-0 8500: 8496: 8492: 8491:Cohen, Aharon 8487: 8481: 8479: 8475: 8469: 8464: 8458:(2002), p.208 8457: 8452: 8445: 8441: 8436: 8434: 8432: 8422: 8413: 8406: 8400: 8393: 8388: 8381: 8375: 8366: 8357: 8348: 8339: 8330: 8321: 8312: 8305: 8304: 8299: 8295: 8290: 8288: 8278: 8269: 8260: 8251: 8249: 8239: 8237: 8227: 8218: 8216: 8206: 8197: 8195: 8185: 8183: 8173: 8164: 8162: 8152: 8150: 8142: 8138: 8137:Morris, Benny 8133: 8131: 8129: 8127: 8125: 8123: 8121: 8111: 8109: 8101: 8095: 8086: 8077: 8070: 8066: 8060: 8051: 8042: 8033: 8031: 8021: 8012: 8003: 7997: 7991: 7989: 7982: 7976: 7974: 7966: 7961: 7959: 7952: 7948: 7944: 7938: 7929: 7920: 7914: 7913:0-553-34532-X 7910: 7906: 7901: 7894: 7888: 7881: 7875: 7868: 7864: 7861: 7855: 7847: 7843: 7837: 7830: 7826: 7823: 7818: 7811: 7806: 7800: 7799:0-19-517841-6 7796: 7792: 7786: 7777: 7769: 7767:0-88125-636-6 7763: 7759: 7755: 7754: 7746: 7736: 7735: 7730: 7724: 7708: 7701: 7694: 7679: 7673: 7667: 7662: 7656: 7650: 7643: 7642: 7637: 7631: 7622: 7614: 7608: 7601: 7595: 7588: 7584: 7579: 7564: 7560: 7553: 7551: 7549: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7529: 7525: 7520: 7513: 7512:0-06-015582-5 7509: 7505: 7501: 7497: 7492: 7490: 7480: 7471: 7462: 7460: 7450: 7443: 7437: 7430: 7425: 7423: 7415: 7409: 7401: 7399:9780742543133 7395: 7391: 7390: 7382: 7375: 7370: 7366: 7357: 7354: 7352: 7349: 7347: 7344: 7342: 7339: 7337: 7334: 7332: 7331:Life of Jesus 7329: 7327: 7324: 7322: 7319: 7317: 7314: 7312: 7309: 7307: 7304: 7302: 7299: 7297: 7294: 7292: 7289: 7287: 7284: 7282: 7279: 7277: 7274: 7272: 7269: 7267: 7264: 7262: 7259: 7257: 7254: 7252: 7249: 7247: 7244: 7242: 7239: 7237: 7234: 7232: 7229: 7227: 7224: 7222: 7219: 7217: 7214: 7212: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7202: 7199: 7197: 7194: 7192: 7189: 7187: 7186:Chosen people 7184: 7182: 7179: 7177: 7174: 7172: 7169: 7168: 7162: 7160: 7156: 7152: 7148: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7127: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7113: 7109: 7105: 7101: 7096: 7094: 7091:According to 7089: 7087: 7086: 7081: 7080: 7075: 7071: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7032: 7029: 7025: 7021: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7003: 6993: 6991: 6987: 6984:According to 6982: 6980: 6975: 6971: 6969: 6965: 6961: 6957: 6953: 6949: 6945: 6941: 6937: 6933: 6932:Jews of Libya 6929: 6925: 6921: 6918:In 1840, the 6916: 6914: 6913:Torah scrolls 6910: 6906: 6902: 6892: 6890: 6884: 6878: 6874: 6870: 6865: 6861: 6860:Bernard Lewis 6856: 6854: 6850: 6844: 6842: 6838: 6833: 6830: 6826: 6816: 6814: 6810: 6806: 6802: 6797: 6794: 6790: 6786: 6782: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6767: 6763: 6759: 6755: 6751: 6738: 6735: 6732: 6729: 6725: 6721: 6718: 6715: 6711: 6707: 6703: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6698:Bernard Lewis 6690: 6688: 6684: 6680: 6676: 6672: 6668: 6664: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6648: 6644: 6640: 6639:Leon Poliakov 6631: 6629: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6616:Bernard Lewis 6613: 6612: 6606: 6604: 6600: 6596: 6590: 6588: 6584: 6580: 6576: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6557: 6553: 6549: 6544: 6541: 6537: 6524: 6519: 6517: 6512: 6510: 6505: 6504: 6502: 6501: 6498: 6495: 6494: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6469: 6466: 6465: 6464: 6461: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6443: 6442: 6439: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6406: 6405: 6402: 6399: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6383: 6382:Protestantism 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6356: 6353: 6352: 6351: 6348: 6344: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6338:Christophobia 6336: 6335: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6310: 6306: 6301: 6300: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6264: 6263: 6259: 6258: 6253: 6250: 6249: 6248: 6247: 6244: 6241: 6240: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6207: 6205: 6202: 6200: 6197: 6195: 6192: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6161: 6160: 6159: 6156: 6153: 6152: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6132: 6129: 6127: 6124: 6122: 6119: 6117: 6114: 6112: 6109: 6107: 6104: 6102: 6099: 6097: 6094: 6092: 6089: 6087: 6084: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6012: 6011: 6008: 6005: 6004: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5825: 5824: 5823: 5820: 5817: 5816: 5811: 5810:United States 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5771: 5770: 5767: 5766:South America 5763: 5760: 5759: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5665: 5664: 5663: 5660: 5657: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5645: 5637: 5636:Atheist state 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5626:Secular state 5624: 5622: 5619: 5618: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5596:School prayer 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5553: 5546: 5545: 5542: 5539: 5538: 5527: 5526:Bernard Lewis 5524:According to 5523: 5519: 5515: 5511: 5510: 5509: 5507: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5475: 5465: 5463: 5459: 5455: 5451: 5446: 5444: 5440: 5436: 5432: 5431: 5430:Nostra aetate 5426: 5416: 5413: 5409: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5393: 5389: 5385: 5381: 5379: 5374: 5370: 5367: 5361: 5356: 5354: 5351:The document 5349: 5347: 5343: 5339: 5334: 5333:Robert Runcie 5329: 5327: 5323: 5322: 5317: 5316:Martin Luther 5311: 5304:The Holocaust 5301: 5299: 5298: 5293: 5287: 5285: 5284: 5279: 5278:David Kertzer 5274: 5269: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5258:Pope Pius VII 5255: 5251: 5247: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5217:against both 5216: 5212: 5208: 5203: 5199: 5195: 5191: 5181: 5179: 5175: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5146: 5142: 5139: 5136: 5132: 5131: 5126: 5120: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5104: 5102: 5098: 5094: 5090: 5087:contact with 5086: 5082: 5081: 5071: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5057: 5053: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5037: 5033: 5030: 5026: 5020: 5016: 5006: 5002: 5000: 4996: 4991: 4989: 4985: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4945: 4943: 4939: 4938: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4912:Passion plays 4909: 4907: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4887: 4884: 4878: 4868: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4844: 4840: 4839: 4838:Theodosius II 4833: 4827: 4823: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4808: 4806: 4802: 4798: 4797:Justin Martyr 4788: 4786: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4769: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4752: 4747: 4745: 4741: 4737: 4736:Second Temple 4733: 4729: 4725: 4719: 4709: 4707: 4706: 4700: 4696: 4692: 4686: 4676: 4674: 4673: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4655:Ptolemy Lagus 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4617: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4592: 4588: 4584: 4574: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4563:Charles Glock 4560: 4555: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4529: 4518: 4513: 4511: 4506: 4504: 4499: 4498: 4496: 4495: 4485: 4482: 4478: 4475: 4474: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4462:Social stigma 4460: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4442: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4416: 4413: 4409: 4406: 4405: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4341: 4339: 4336: 4332: 4329: 4328: 4327: 4324: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4271: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4236: 4227: 4226: 4216: 4213: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4140: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4096: 4095: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4069:State atheism 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4053: 4050: 4048: 4045: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4034: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4025: 4023: 4020: 4018: 4015: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4005:Jim Crow laws 4003: 4002: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3990:One-drop rule 3988: 3986: 3984: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3917: 3916: 3913: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3905:Blood quantum 3903: 3901: 3898: 3896: 3893: 3892: 3883: 3882: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3846:Victimisation 3844: 3842: 3841:Trans bashing 3839: 3837: 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3811:Religious war 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3791:Racialization 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3741: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3712: 3710: 3707: 3705: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3692: 3690: 3687: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3673: 3670: 3669: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3662:Glass ceiling 3660: 3656: 3653: 3652: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3605:Ethnic hatred 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3571: 3568: 3566: 3563: 3561: 3558: 3556: 3553: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3540:Counter-jihad 3538: 3536: 3533: 3531: 3528: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3508: 3504: 3501: 3500: 3499: 3496: 3495: 3486: 3485: 3475: 3472: 3470: 3467: 3465: 3462: 3460: 3457: 3455: 3452: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3390: 3387: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3375: 3372: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3340: 3339: 3338: 3335: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3316: 3315:United States 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3218: 3215: 3211: 3208: 3206: 3203: 3201: 3198: 3197: 3196: 3193: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3183: 3179: 3178:United States 3176: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3165: 3164: 3161: 3159: 3156: 3154: 3151: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3134: 3131: 3130: 3124: 3118: 3117: 3107: 3104: 3102: 3099: 3097: 3094: 3092: 3091:Protestantism 3089: 3087: 3084: 3080: 3077: 3076: 3074: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3049: 3048: 3045: 3044: 3043: 3040: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3027: 3026: 3023: 3021: 3018: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3008:LDS or Mormon 3006: 3004: 3001: 2999: 2996: 2994: 2991: 2990: 2989: 2986: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2976: 2974: 2971: 2970: 2964: 2959: 2958: 2948: 2945: 2943: 2940: 2936: 2933: 2931: 2930:Transmisogyny 2928: 2926: 2923: 2922: 2921: 2918: 2914: 2911: 2909: 2906: 2905: 2904: 2901: 2899: 2896: 2894: 2891: 2889: 2886: 2884: 2881: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2859: 2856: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2833:Gerontophobia 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2811: 2809: 2806: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2791: 2789: 2786: 2784: 2781: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2771: 2769: 2766: 2764: 2763:Anti-intersex 2761: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2751: 2749: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2739: 2738:Anti-albinism 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2726: 2724: 2721: 2720: 2711: 2710: 2700: 2697: 2695: 2692: 2690: 2687: 2685: 2682: 2680: 2677: 2675: 2672: 2668: 2665: 2663: 2660: 2659: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2648: 2645: 2643: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2630: 2628: 2625: 2623: 2620: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2610: 2608: 2605: 2603: 2600: 2599: 2590: 2589: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2569: 2566: 2564: 2563:Institutional 2561: 2560: 2551: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2541: 2538: 2535: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2525: 2515: 2510: 2508: 2503: 2501: 2496: 2495: 2493: 2492: 2489: 2486: 2485: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2464: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2434: 2433: 2430: 2426: 2423: 2421: 2418: 2416: 2413: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2403: 2401: 2398: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2374: 2373:Protestantism 2371: 2369: 2366: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2351: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2339: 2335: 2332: 2331: 2330: 2329:Christophobia 2327: 2326: 2325: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2307: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2292: 2291: 2280: 2277: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2256: 2255: 2254: 2250: 2249: 2244: 2241: 2240: 2239: 2238: 2235: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2151: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2143: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2093: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2080: 2078: 2075: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 2008: 2005: 2004: 2003: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1995: 1990: 1987: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1972: 1970: 1967: 1965: 1962: 1960: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1950: 1947: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1895: 1892: 1890: 1887: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1820: 1817: 1816: 1815: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1807: 1802: 1801:United States 1799: 1797: 1794: 1792: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1782: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1769: 1767: 1764: 1763: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1757:South America 1754: 1751: 1750: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1675: 1672: 1670: 1667: 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1656: 1655: 1654: 1651: 1648: 1647: 1642: 1637: 1636: 1628: 1627:Atheist state 1625: 1623: 1620: 1618: 1617:Secular state 1615: 1613: 1610: 1609: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1587:School prayer 1585: 1583: 1580: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1570: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1537: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1515: 1510: 1508: 1503: 1501: 1496: 1495: 1493: 1492: 1489: 1481: 1480: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463: 1462:Weaponization 1460: 1458: 1455: 1453: 1452:Philosemitism 1450: 1449: 1443: 1442: 1435: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1414: 1411: 1409: 1406: 1404: 1401: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1373:Philosemitism 1371: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1354: 1352: 1349: 1347: 1344: 1343: 1340: 1335: 1334: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1274: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1257:The Holocaust 1255: 1251: 1248: 1246: 1243: 1242: 1241: 1238: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1226: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1217: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1201: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1161: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1151: 1150:Octavian Goga 1148: 1146: 1143: 1141: 1138: 1136: 1135:Ion Antonescu 1133: 1131: 1128: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1111: 1108: 1106: 1105:Joseph Stalin 1103: 1101: 1098: 1096: 1093: 1091: 1088: 1086: 1083: 1081: 1080:Martin Luther 1078: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1051: 1048: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1036: 1033: 1031: 1028: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1018: 1016: 1013: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 991: 988: 986: 985:Andrew Anglin 983: 981: 978: 977: 971: 970: 963: 960: 958: 957: 953: 951: 950: 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 922: 918: 916: 913: 911: 908: 906: 905: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 868: 864: 862: 859: 857: 856: 852: 850: 847: 845: 844:4chan (/pol/) 842: 841: 835: 834: 827: 824: 822: 819: 816: 810: 808: 805: 802: 796: 794: 791: 789: 786: 784: 781: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 764: 761: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 748: 743: 741: 738: 736: 735:Currency Wars 733: 731: 728: 726: 723: 721: 718: 717: 714: 709: 708: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 688: 686: 683: 679: 678:Slánský trial 676: 674: 673:Doctors' plot 671: 670: 669: 666: 664: 661: 659: 658:Media control 656: 654: 651: 649: 646: 642: 639: 638: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614:International 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 567: 566: 563: 558: 557: 548: 545: 543: 540: 539: 538: 535: 533: 530: 528: 525: 523: 520: 518: 515: 511: 508: 506: 503: 502: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 481: 478: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 461: 458: 456: 453: 449: 446: 445: 444: 441: 439: 436: 434: 431: 429: 426: 425: 419: 418: 411: 408: 404: 401: 399: 396: 395: 394: 391: 387: 384: 382: 379: 378: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 362: 359: 357: 354: 352: 349: 345: 342: 341: 340: 337: 333: 330: 328: 325: 323: 320: 319: 318: 315: 313: 310: 308: 305: 303: 300: 298: 295: 293: 290: 288: 285: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 268: 265: 261: 258: 256: 253: 252: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 198: 197: 194: 189: 188: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 166: 163: 162: 156: 155: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 136: 135: 134: 127: 123: 119: 118: 114: 110: 109: 106: 103: 102: 98: 94: 93: 90: 89: 86: 85: 76: 66: 61: 59: 55: 50:This article 48: 39: 38: 33: 29: 25: 21: 16: 14229:Gender-blind 14116:Human rights 13944:Racial quota 13931: 13911:Jewish quota 13891:Gerontocracy 13886:Gender roles 13864:Disabilities 13849:Blood purity 13821:Wife selling 13811:White flight 13791:Slut-shaming 13771:Scapegoating 13689:Murder music 13362:Palestinians 13305:Anti-Zionism 13173:South Africa 13158:Black people 13136:South Africa 13044: 12957:Christianity 12947:Baháʼí Faith 12875:Sectarianism 12815:Heterosexism 12780:Ephebiphobia 12750:Anti-Masonry 12617:Hair texture 12352:(1991–2001) 12332:(1984–1989) 12292:Famen Temple 12282:(1966–1976) 12092:(1922–1991) 12061:(1913–1922) 11599:Christianity 11589:Baháʼí Faith 11512: 11505: 11491: 11414: 11407: 11395: 11378: 11361: 11195:perspectives 11029:Samaritanism 10990:Neo-Hasidism 10970:Conservative 10884:Names of God 10793: 10774: 10584:Judaeo-Greek 10579:Judeo-Gascon 10518:Lishán Didán 10513:Lishana Deni 10481:Judeo-Yemeni 10449:Judeo-Arabic 10323:Meshuchrarim 10242:Persian Jews 10175:Kurdish Jews 10153:Kaifeng Jews 10102:Beta Abraham 10065:Galitzianers 10020:Antisemitism 9995:Israeli Jews 9980:Assimilation 9835:21st century 9815:South Africa 9781:Labour Party 9702:21st century 9645:Saudi Arabia 9569:Yellow badge 9519: 9515:Jewish quota 9442: 9404: 9379:Yellow badge 9247: 9191:Anti-Judaism 9182: 9145: 9131: 9119: 9095: 9091:Ku Klux Klan 9066: 9042:Anti-Zionism 9026:Universities 8989:Christianity 8899:Adolf Hitler 8878: 8845:Antisemitism 8773: 8753: 8729:cite journal 8717:. Retrieved 8712: 8708: 8685: 8666: 8647: 8639: 8635: 8620: 8599: 8590: 8578: 8566: 8558: 8547:. Retrieved 8543: 8534: 8526: 8522: 8514: 8510: 8494: 8486: 8480:. pp.309,321 8471: 8463: 8451: 8443: 8421: 8412: 8404: 8399: 8387: 8378:Cahen, Cl. " 8374: 8365: 8356: 8347: 8338: 8329: 8320: 8311: 8301: 8277: 8268: 8259: 8226: 8205: 8172: 8140: 8099: 8094: 8085: 8076: 8064: 8059: 8050: 8041: 8020: 8011: 8002: 7996:Antisemitism 7995: 7942: 7937: 7928: 7919: 7904: 7900: 7892: 7887: 7879: 7874: 7866: 7862: 7859: 7854: 7846:the original 7842:"Discussion" 7836: 7817: 7805: 7790: 7785: 7776: 7752: 7745: 7732: 7728: 7723: 7707:the original 7693: 7682:. Retrieved 7680:. 2016-02-15 7672: 7661: 7649: 7639: 7630: 7621: 7607: 7599: 7594: 7578: 7566:. Retrieved 7562: 7527: 7519: 7499: 7496:Hyam Maccoby 7479: 7470: 7449: 7441: 7436: 7413: 7408: 7388: 7381: 7369: 7181:Anti-Zionism 7171:Anti-Judaism 7128: 7097: 7090: 7083: 7077: 7072: 7042:spread. The 7033: 7017: 6989: 6983: 6974:Benny Morris 6972: 6968:Tripolitania 6952:Jerba Island 6917: 6898: 6885: 6857: 6845: 6834: 6822: 6778: 6766:disabilities 6756:(along with 6747: 6724:Hebrew Bible 6696: 6637: 6609: 6607: 6591: 6572: 6562:in the post 6560:Banu Qaynuqa 6545: 6532: 6455: 6451:Anti-Judaism 6446:Antisemitism 6434:Islamophobia 6333:Christianity 6323:Baháʼí Faith 6219:Saudi Arabia 5988:Turkmenistan 5743:South Africa 5688:Burkina Faso 5514:Claude Cahen 5503: 5491: 5447: 5428: 5422: 5411: 5383: 5376: 5372: 5363: 5358: 5350: 5345: 5330: 5319: 5313: 5295: 5288: 5281: 5270: 5250:anti-Judaism 5243: 5184:19th century 5174:blood libels 5171: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5140: 5128: 5122: 5117:Jewish badge 5106: 5078: 5076: 5052:moneylending 5048: 5022: 5003: 4992: 4969: 4962:Painting in 4935: 4910: 4880: 4835: 4832:Roman Empire 4829: 4825: 4809: 4794: 4770: 4760:Hyam Maccoby 4748: 4721: 4703: 4691:anti-Judaism 4688: 4670: 4608:misanthropic 4586: 4580: 4567:Rodney Stark 4556: 4551: 4544:antisemitism 4527: 4526: 4296:Gender-blind 4175:Human rights 3995:Racial quota 3982: 3962:Jewish quota 3942:Gerontocracy 3937:Gender roles 3915:Disabilities 3900:Blood purity 3866:Wife selling 3856:White flight 3836:Slut-shaming 3816:Scapegoating 3734:Murder music 3399:Palestinians 3342:Anti-Zionism 3210:South Africa 3195:Black people 3173:South Africa 2988:Christianity 2978:Baháʼí Faith 2898:Sectarianism 2838:Heterosexism 2803:Ephebiphobia 2773:Anti-Masonry 2632:Hair texture 2446: 2442:Anti-Judaism 2437:Antisemitism 2425:Islamophobia 2324:Christianity 2314:Baháʼí Faith 2210:Saudi Arabia 1979:Turkmenistan 1734:South Africa 1679:Burkina Faso 1467:Anti-Zionism 1326:Yellow badge 1271: 1267:Jewish quota 1170:Ioan Slavici 1125:Ernst Zündel 1055:Adolf Hitler 1040:Nick Fuentes 980:Baked Alaska 954: 947: 920: 902: 878:Goebbels Gap 865: 853: 747:(video game) 746: 621:Jewish lobby 569:Andinia Plan 531: 403:21st century 386:Labour Party 351:South Africa 339:Saudi Arabia 327:Soviet Union 260:21st-century 105:Antisemitism 70: 63:Please help 58:undue weight 51: 28:Antisemitism 20:Anti-Judaism 15: 14131:Nonviolence 14126:LGBT rights 14091:Empowerment 14059:Anti-racism 13981:Segregation 13926:No kid zone 13726:Persecution 13639:Hate speech 13590:Gay bashing 13565:Ethnic joke 13520:Dog whistle 13465:Blood libel 13153:Azerbaijani 13057:Neopaganism 13050:Persecution 13016:Persecution 12999:Persecution 12962:Catholicism 12897:Transphobia 12880:Supremacism 12835:Lesbophobia 12755:Aporophobia 12720:Anti-autism 12571:Taste-based 12566:Statistical 12438:(2014–2017) 12426:(2014–2017) 12420:(2013–2016) 12358:(1992–1996) 12320:(1975–1979) 12314:(1975–1990) 12220:(1948–1980) 12166:(1945–1989) 12160:(1945–1989) 12154:(1941–1945) 12148:(1939–1945) 12136:(1936–1975) 12121:legislation 12086:(1917–1990) 12080:(1915–1923) 12074:(1914–1924) 12055:(1912–1913) 12043:(1862–1877) 12025:(1857–1858) 12019:(1789–1801) 12007:(1683–1922) 12001:(1673–1829) 11995:(1609–1614) 11989:(1562–1598) 11983:(1561–1812) 11977:(1526–1791) 11971:(1522–1712) 11965:(1500–1526) 11941:(1184–1908) 11939:Inquisition 11850:Segregation 11815:Intolerance 11755:Desecration 11697:Neopaganism 11690:Persecution 11658:Persecution 11641:Persecution 11604:Catholicism 11437:Catholicism 11019:Hellenistic 10857:Eschatology 10795:Lachoudisch 10720:Lotegorisch 10698:Lachoudisch 10688:Koiné Greek 10601:Judeo-Latin 10538:Palestinian 10432:Palestinian 10281:Mustaʿravim 10207:Afghan Jews 10195:Berber Jews 10119:Bene Israel 10107:Falash Mura 10097:Beta Israel 10015:Persecution 9957:Middle Ages 9800:New Zealand 9552:Segregation 9460:Persecution 9432:Radio Islam 9238:Blood libel 9233:Blood curse 9006:Middle Ages 8852:Core topics 8468:Pappe, Ilan 8230:Laqueur 191 8200:Laqueur 192 7891:Hans Küng, 7739:(in French) 7151:nationalism 6829:Ibn Khaldun 6825:Jane Gerber 6803:dynasty in 6752:, known as 6647:Jane Gerber 6540:Ibn Khaldun 6475:Neopaganism 6398:Hinduphobia 6350:Catholicism 6155:Middle East 5958:South Korea 5943:Philippines 5933:North Korea 5828:Afghanistan 5396:nationalism 5380:, 1933-1945 5331:Archbishop 5324:(1543), to 5125:Shakespeare 5113:Crucifixion 5060:Black Death 5025:Middle Ages 4954:Blood libel 4948:Blood libel 4928:crucifixion 4820:Constantine 4814:during the 4785:Bart Ehrman 4635:Poseidonius 4559:John Higham 4190:Nonviolence 4185:LGBT rights 4150:Empowerment 4118:Anti-racism 4032:Segregation 3977:No kid zone 3771:Persecution 3684:Hate speech 3635:Gay bashing 3610:Ethnic joke 3565:Dog whistle 3510:Blood libel 3190:Azerbaijani 3086:Neopaganism 3079:Persecution 3047:Persecution 3030:Persecution 2993:Catholicism 2920:Transphobia 2903:Supremacism 2858:Lesbophobia 2778:Aporophobia 2743:Anti-autism 2578:Taste-based 2573:Statistical 2466:Neopaganism 2389:Hinduphobia 2341:Catholicism 2146:Middle East 1949:South Korea 1934:Philippines 1924:North Korea 1819:Afghanistan 1316:Segregation 1213:Persecution 1160:Nae Ionescu 861:Disclose.tv 574:Blood libel 510:Strasserism 292:New Zealand 240:Costa Rican 159:Definitions 14460:Categories 14405:Stereotype 14400:Speciesism 14281:Oppression 14276:Oikophobia 14172:Allophilia 14156:Toleration 14013:Sodomy law 13906:Internment 13826:Witch-hunt 13704:Blackhawks 13634:Hate group 13622:Hate crime 13595:Gendercide 13585:Freak show 13575:Excellence 13535:Employment 13505:Defamation 13437:Vietnamese 13432:Venezuelan 13322:Lithuanian 12989:Falun Gong 12924:Xenophobia 12919:Vegaphobia 12902:Non-binary 12860:Pedophobia 12825:Homophobia 12647:Skin color 12607:Disability 12580:Attributes 12561:Structural 11935:(643–1526) 11810:Iconoclasm 11805:Hate crime 11735:Censorship 11631:Falun Gong 11432:Anabaptism 11374:Jew (word) 11241:Leadership 11054:Literature 11039:Secularism 10985:Humanistic 10852:Conversion 10822:Philosophy 10663:Judeo-Urdu 10427:Babylonian 10272:Saada Jews 10257:Adeni Jews 10050:Ashkenazim 10005:Samaritans 9972:Population 9927:Israelites 9677:Costa Rica 9640:Arab world 9624:Yad Vashem 9547:Refuseniks 9510:Jewish hat 9483:Expulsions 9450:Stormfront 9158:Xenophobia 9108:in English 9097:Mein Kampf 9079:Żydokomuna 8909:Propaganda 8715:(1): 25–36 8657:0195050878 8613:References 8549:2021-01-09 8456:Mark Cohen 8392:Mark Cohen 8306:. 1906 ed. 7734:L'Histoire 7684:2016-07-23 7568:January 1, 7131:Arab world 7079:Mein Kampf 7000:See also: 6986:Mark Cohen 6899:Historian 6805:Al-Andalus 6758:Christians 6579:Banu Nadir 6564:Badrperiod 6389:Falun Gong 6096:Montenegro 6036:Azerbaijan 5993:Uzbekistan 5973:Tajikistan 5898:Kazakhstan 5843:Bangladesh 5838:Azerbaijan 5733:Mauritania 5703:Cape Verde 5581:Secularism 5478:See also: 5390:advice to 5353:Dabru Emet 5231:Alma White 5229:by Bishop 5188:See also: 4856:concubines 4699:converting 4631:Lysimachus 4604:his people 4591:Alexandria 4472:Stereotype 4467:Speciesism 4348:Oppression 4343:Oikophobia 4239:Allophilia 4215:Toleration 4064:Sodomy law 3957:Internment 3871:Witch-hunt 3749:Blackhawks 3679:Hate group 3667:Hate crime 3640:Gendercide 3630:Freak show 3620:Excellence 3580:Employment 3550:Defamation 3474:Vietnamese 3469:Venezuelan 3359:Lithuanian 3020:Falun Gong 2947:Xenophobia 2942:Vegaphobia 2925:Non-binary 2883:Pedophobia 2848:Homophobia 2662:Skin color 2622:Disability 2593:Attributes 2568:Structural 2380:Falun Gong 2087:Montenegro 2027:Azerbaijan 1984:Uzbekistan 1964:Tajikistan 1889:Kazakhstan 1834:Bangladesh 1829:Azerbaijan 1724:Mauritania 1694:Cape Verde 1572:Secularism 1434:Yad Vashem 1339:Opposition 1311:Refuseniks 1262:Jewish hat 1235:Expulsions 1145:A. C. Cuza 1140:Horia Sima 1120:Rick Wiles 1070:David Lane 1030:Henry Ford 1015:David Duke 990:Louis Beam 938:Terrorgram 933:Stormfront 788:Mein Kampf 653:Kosher tax 641:Żydokomuna 579:Cohen Plan 455:Creativity 14378:Christian 14306:Prejudice 14254:Masculism 14202:Diversity 13996:religious 13971:Redlining 13570:Ethnocide 13530:Education 13422:Ukrainian 13357:Pakistani 13347:Mongolian 13268:Australia 13250:Hungarian 13205:Colombian 13185:Bulgarian 13067:Rastafari 13021:Ahmadiyya 12934:Religious 12912:Trans men 12870:Pregnancy 12805:Gayphobia 12800:Fatphobia 12705:Acephobia 12700:Arophobia 12684:Viewpoint 12286:Four Olds 11999:Test Acts 11865:Terrorism 11707:Rastafari 11663:Ahmadiyya 11494:indicate 11442:Mormonism 11427:Christian 11307:Symbolism 11295:Synagogue 11275:Mythology 11236:Education 11207:Astronomy 11190:Astrology 11007:relations 10812:Zarphatic 10760:Galitzish 10562:Yeshivish 10439:Catalanic 10402:Samaritan 10377:Ashkenazi 10358:Diasporic 10353:Languages 10298:Sephardim 10293:Romaniote 10180:Krymchaks 10114:Desi Jews 9990:Buddhists 9842:Venezuela 9657:Australia 9652:Argentina 9633:By region 9562:Expulsion 9422:Metapedia 9417:Jew Watch 9103:in Arabic 8869:Geography 8864:Economics 8751:(2014) . 8209:Gerber 78 8098:Stillman 7867:Encounter 7542:, p. 144. 7514:, p. 203. 7159:scapegoat 7124:Jordanian 7112:Indonesia 6979:gaberdine 6960:Jerusalem 6936:Marrakech 6789:crucified 6595:Abu Ishaq 6480:Rastafari 6419:Ahmadiyya 6362:Mormonism 6252:Australia 6126:Slovakia 5963:Sri Lanka 5953:Singapore 5888:Indonesia 5611:Theocracy 5460:publicly 5404:Christian 5392:Ahasuerus 5384:Judenhass 5366:historian 5342:Hans Küng 5318:'s book, 5223:Catholics 5178:Eucharist 5097:cathedral 4988:canonized 4976:Christian 4924:polemical 4883:Christian 4852:Andalucia 4659:Jerusalem 4627:Chaeremon 4445:Christian 4373:Prejudice 4321:Masculism 4269:Diversity 4047:religious 4022:Redlining 3615:Ethnocide 3575:Education 3459:Ukrainian 3394:Pakistani 3384:Mongolian 3305:Australia 3287:Hungarian 3242:Colombian 3222:Bulgarian 3096:Rastafari 3052:Ahmadiyya 2963:Religious 2935:Trans men 2893:Pregnancy 2828:Gayphobia 2823:Fatphobia 2728:Acephobia 2723:Arophobia 2699:Viewpoint 2471:Rastafari 2410:Ahmadiyya 2353:Mormonism 2243:Australia 2117:Slovakia 1954:Sri Lanka 1944:Singapore 1879:Indonesia 1602:Theocracy 995:Don Black 928:StoneToss 898:Metapedia 893:Jew Watch 783:The Light 537:Secondary 532:Religious 443:Christian 433:Alt-right 410:Venezuela 332:Stalinist 307:Palestine 205:Australia 200:Argentina 193:Geography 149:Reference 14435:Category 14417:The talk 14353:Snobbery 14271:Net bias 14101:Feminism 14028:Ugly law 13869:Catholic 13837:policies 13684:Mortgage 13679:Lynching 13610:examples 13605:Genocide 13525:Economic 13510:Democide 13470:Bullying 13387:Romanian 13352:Nigerian 13295:Japanese 13230:Georgian 13215:Filipino 13148:Assyrian 13121:Armenian 13111:American 13106:Albanian 13088:National 13072:Yazidism 12994:Hinduism 12952:Buddhism 12855:Nepotism 12850:Misogyny 12845:Misandry 12770:Clannism 12765:Biphobia 12710:Adultism 12627:Language 12502:Religion 12023:Utah War 11893:(64–313) 11870:Violence 11760:Domicide 11712:Yazidism 11686:Judaism 11636:Hinduism 11594:Buddhism 11575:By group 11507:Category 11477:Hinduism 11467:Buddhism 11369:Genetics 11285:Politics 11258:Marriage 11217:Holidays 11212:Calendar 11093:Rabbinic 11069:/Hebrew 11014:Haymanot 10941:Orthodox 10928:Branches 10901:Kabbalah 10896:Haskalah 10874:Holiness 10750:dialects 10730:Shassagh 10693:Krymchak 10673:Kayliñña 10567:Yinglish 10543:Galilean 10533:Talmudic 10528:Biblical 10503:Betanure 10422:Biblical 10417:Mishnaic 10412:Medieval 10397:Tiberian 10392:Yemenite 10382:Sephardi 10318:Paradesi 10262:Ḥabbanim 10252:Teimanim 10217:Baghdadi 10190:Maghrebi 10158:Karaites 10136:Gruzínim 10124:Kochinim 10042:Diaspora 10000:Karaites 9985:Atheists 9922:Timeline 9810:Pakistan 9744:Imperial 9521:Judensau 9478:Boycotts 9437:Redwatch 9427:Podblanc 9290:May Laws 9249:Judensau 8953:Timeline 8921:Three Ds 8904:Americas 8380:ḎH̲imma. 8188:Poliakov 7825:Archived 7583:Eusebius 7563:BBC News 7534:, 2006, 7506:, 1986, 7165:See also 7126:people. 7120:Lebanese 7108:Pakistan 6926:to bake 6873:Damascus 6841:Ibn Hazm 6837:Al-Jahiz 6655:Muhammad 6628:Damascus 6536:Muhammad 6394:Hinduism 6328:Buddhism 6131:Slovenia 6051:Bulgaria 5978:Thailand 5938:Pakistan 5918:Mongolia 5913:Maldives 5908:Malaysia 5858:Cambodia 5805:Paraguay 5785:Colombia 5753:Tanzania 5723:DR Congo 5698:Cameroon 5683:Botswana 5549:Concepts 5521:present. 5462:rejected 5454:Lutheran 5398:and the 5080:Judensau 4836:Code of 4779:and the 4705:Marranos 4616:Egyptian 4484:The talk 4420:Snobbery 4338:Net bias 4160:Feminism 4079:Ugly law 3920:Catholic 3886:Policies 3729:Mortgage 3724:Lynching 3655:examples 3650:Genocide 3570:Economic 3555:Democide 3515:Bullying 3424:Romanian 3389:Nigerian 3332:Japanese 3267:Georgian 3252:Filipino 3185:Assyrian 3158:Armenian 3148:American 3143:Albanian 3123:national 3101:Yazidism 3075:Judaism 3025:Hinduism 2983:Buddhism 2878:Nepotism 2873:Misogyny 2868:Misandry 2793:Clannism 2788:Biphobia 2733:Adultism 2642:Language 2529:a series 2527:Part of 2385:Hinduism 2319:Buddhism 2122:Slovenia 2042:Bulgaria 1969:Thailand 1929:Pakistan 1909:Mongolia 1904:Maldives 1899:Malaysia 1849:Cambodia 1796:Paraguay 1776:Colombia 1744:Tanzania 1714:DR Congo 1689:Cameroon 1674:Botswana 1540:Concepts 1488:Category 1403:UN Watch 1273:Judensau 1230:Boycotts 888:Groypers 631:Judensau 505:Neo-Nazi 490:Medieval 460:Economic 428:Academic 302:Pakistan 175:Three Ds 144:Timeline 120:Part of 97:a series 95:Part of 73:May 2016 14445:Commons 14224:Figleaf 13649:Housing 13417:Turkish 13367:Pashtun 13337:Mexican 13317:Kurdish 13290:Italian 13240:Haitian 13225:Finnish 13200:Chinese 13195:Chechen 13190:Catalan 13180:Bengali 13101:African 13086:Ethnic/ 13045:Judaism 13036:Sunnism 13026:Shi'ism 12942:Atheism 12775:Elitism 12674:Species 12612:Genetic 12602:Dialect 12256:(1963) 12013:(1700s) 11728:Methods 11678:Sunnism 11668:Shi'ism 11584:Atheism 11492:Italics 11317:Studies 11263:Divorce 11229:Kashrut 11224:Cuisine 11182:Culture 11113:Midrash 11108:Tosefta 11098:Mishnah 11086:Ketuvim 11081:Nevi'im 11044:Schisms 11034:Science 11024:Karaite 10995:Renewal 10956:Litvaks 10951:Hasidic 10906:Sefirot 10891:Halakha 10862:Messiah 10835:Mitzvah 10830:Beliefs 10784:Western 10770:Poylish 10765:Litvish 10755:Eastern 10745:Yiddish 10740:Shuadit 10725:Qwareña 10713:Tetuani 10708:Haketia 10683:Knaanic 10678:Kivruli 10626:Bukhori 10572:Heblish 10508:Hulaulá 10498:Barzani 10454:Yahudic 10387:Mizrahi 10247:Urfalim 10202:Mizrahi 10146:Neofiti 10141:Italkim 10070:Lita'im 9962:Zionism 9914:History 9888:Judaism 9830:History 9766:Ukraine 9734:Romania 9719:Hungary 9709:Germany 9692:Belgium 9687:Austria 9542:Pogroms 8874:History 8859:Canards 8719:20 June 8505:. p.312 8493:(1970) 8294:Granada 7155:regimes 7139:Islamic 7116:Morocco 7056:Algeria 7036:Zionist 6944:Morocco 6909:Mashhad 6905:Baghdad 6809:mellahs 6801:Almohad 6791:Jewish 6785:Granada 6774:Baghdad 6754:dhimmis 6728:Judaism 6714:deicide 6706:Gospels 6659:prophet 6611:dhimmis 6599:Granada 6587:Muslims 6441:Judaism 6424:Alevism 6396: ( 6318:Atheism 6260:Topical 6243:Oceania 6199:Lebanon 6164:Bahrain 6141:Ukraine 6111:Romania 6086:Hungary 6081:Germany 6076:Georgia 6056:Croatia 6046:Belgium 6041:Belarus 6031:Austria 6026:Armenia 6021:Andorra 6016:Albania 5998:Vietnam 5923:Myanmar 5878:Georgia 5833:Armenia 5790:Ecuador 5738:Morocco 5718:Comoros 5693:Burundi 5668:Algeria 5556:Laicism 5506:Muslims 5400:liberal 5388:Haman's 5273:Jesuits 5135:Shylock 5085:obscene 4972:rituals 4942:pogroms 4902:deicide 4848:Granada 4805:Cyprian 4695:Judaism 4663:Sabbath 4647:Tacitus 4612:Manetho 4581:Father 4577:Origins 4540:Judaism 4291:Figleaf 3694:Housing 3454:Turkish 3404:Pashtun 3374:Mexican 3354:Kurdish 3327:Italian 3277:Haitian 3262:Finnish 3237:Chinese 3232:Chechen 3227:Catalan 3217:Bengali 3138:African 3121:Ethnic/ 3067:Sunnism 3057:Shi'ism 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12622:Height 12485:(2024) 12474:(2023) 12468:(2020) 12462:(2019) 12456:(2019) 12414:(2011) 12396:(2002) 12390:(2001) 12384:(2000) 12378:(2000) 12370:(1999) 12364:(1995) 12346:(1990) 12338:(1989) 12326:(1984) 12302:(1971) 12294:(1966) 12288:(1966) 12274:(1963) 12268:(1963) 12262:(1963) 12250:(1955) 12238:(1950) 12214:(1948) 12190:(1947) 12184:(1946) 12178:(1946) 12172:(1946) 12142:(1933) 12130:(1924) 12049:(1909) 12037:(1864) 12031:(1860) 11947:(1191) 11929:(1099) 11923:(1096) 11884:Events 11820:Pogrom 11673:Sufism 11300:Hazzan 11290:Prayer 11167:Siddur 11103:Talmud 11067:Tanakh 11002:Neolog 10975:Reform 10963:Modern 10946:Haredi 10869:Ethics 10735:Shassi 10703:Ladino 10668:Karaim 10651:Juhuri 10493:Targum 10407:Signed 10372:Modern 10367:Hebrew 10335:Xuetes 10131:Dönmeh 10090:Yekkes 9820:Turkey 9795:Mexico 9761:Sweden 9749:Soviet 9739:Russia 9729:Norway 9714:Greece 9697:France 9682:Europe 9662:Canada 9498:Mellah 9445:(blog) 9255:Pogrom 8894:Nazism 8780: 8761: 8692: 8673: 8654: 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