Knowledge

Rankovićism

Source 📝

1011:
amongst Communist officials to have been politically destroyed and discredited by his ouster in 1966. Đuretić says that the observation of Ranković's funeral made a deep impression on Milošević. The rise of Milošević to power in Serbia was regarded in Yugoslavia as "bringing Ranković back in", as Milošević opposed the 1974 Constitution that had decentralized Yugoslavia from its previous centralized nature when Ranković held influence in the Yugoslav government. Milošević declared in his inauguration speech as Serbian President in 1989 that the 1974 Constitution was obsolete, that he opposed its decentralized nature and demanded a new constitution whereby only a small number of issues would require consensus by all the republics, and that a centralized sovereignty should be exercised by the Yugoslav federation as a whole, and not within its individual republics.
989: 970:, who noted that Ranković's funeral in 1983, where Serbs praised Ranković, was "above all a nationalist demonstration. It was a true, widely effective gesture, a real nationalist uprising solidarity with a Serbian communist who was a victim of a great injustice." Ćosić since the early 1980s wrote works that praised Ranković and said that Ranković was respected by Serbian peasantry, saying "While the intellectuals and the entire party bureaucracy and the entire party bureaucracy believed it was good that Ranković fell, the peasants saw him as a man who defended Yugoslavia and represented Serbia at the head of the party, convinced that he was an honorable and statesmanlike man." 44: 756: 20: 592: 1018:, identified Yugoslavia's problems as beginning in the 1962-1966 period, the same time period in which Ranković's influence in the government decreased and finally with his ousting from office in 1966. Mica Sparavelo, who had been a lieutenant to Ranković as UDBa chief, was a key Serb figure in the Kosovo Committee of Serbs and Montenegrins and supported Milošević's rise to power. By rehabilitating Ranković's legacy, Milošević won support amongst many Serbs. 981:" against Serbs and Montenegrins, demanded a wholescale purge of Albanian leaders, and claimed that the alleged persecution of Serbs required the Yugoslav military to intervene and establish military rule in Kosovo. The Committee organized mass protests and held support amongst Serb Communist cadres who had been removed from office following the ouster of Ranković, amongst other supporters. Later in 1986 these events and perceptions culminated in the 741: 938:
adopting slogans such as "Serbia is endangered" and that "the best people in Serbia are leaving". Serb nationalists within the communist party warned Tito that the removal of Ranković was an unforgivable offense to Serbs in the country as he represented Serbia. For a faction within the Serbian communist party that aimed toward state centralisation, Ranković was viewed as a defender of Serb interests. Perspectives on Ranković among
603: 914:, that was considered too extreme of a condemnation by Tito, who held them in dismay, and was deeply unpopular amongst Serbs, who in general were supportive of Ranković. Its report declared that the security forces in Kosovo under the leadership of Ranković actively persecuted those of Albanian nationality and said that "the ideological foundation of such policy under the competence of Serbia is nationalism and 706:. Ranković was removed from office due to pressure from his opponents, who accused him of promoting Serb hegemonism in Yugoslavia. The ousting of Ranković resulted in the rise to power of proponents of decentralization, and a massive overhaul of the constitution of Yugoslavia in 1974 that decentralized much power to the republics and gave 853:
terrorisation and harassment. These efforts were undertaken through the pretense of illegal weapons searches or police actions that involved torture and the death of alleged and real political opponents, often referred to as "irredentists". To a lesser extent, Ranković also undertook similar campaigns toward the
901:
left Yugoslavia for Turkey, whereas Montenegrin and Serb families were installed in Kosovo during the period under Ranković. Opposition grew to his rigid policies on Kosovo and also for policies undertaken in Croatia and Slovenia. Ranković's power and agenda waned in the 1960s with the rise to power
965:
As the Albanian-Serb ethnic conflict in Kosovo accelerated beginning in 1981, Serbs began to openly refer to the Ranković-era as an ideal time and Serbs adopted Ranković as a hero figure. During the Albanian-Serb unrest, Serbs claimed "we need another Ranković". After Ranković's death in 1983, his
905:
In response to his opposition to decentralization, the Yugoslav government removed Ranković from office in 1966 on various claims, including that he was spying on Tito. The process began with Tito ordering the investigation of the UDBA; however, one of the most vocal and outspoken condemnations of
933:
Following his dismissal, the government repression under Ranković in Kosovo toward Albanians was revealed, and his patriotic pursuit to secure the region was debunked. Albanians gained wider freedom in Yugoslavia as a consequence of the downfall of Ranković. The removal of Ranković was positively
1010:
has been regarded as having been influenced by the politics surrounding Ranković. Milošević's close friend Jagoš Đuretić has claimed that Milošević was personally "baffled" by the magnitude of nationalist outpouring at Ranković's private funeral services, as Ranković had been previously assumed
937:
Serbs were furious with the ouster of Ranković, considering the ouster of Ranković as an attack on Serbia. Serbian supporters of Ranković protested and said claims such as "all of this was directed at Serbia" and that "Serbia no longer has a representative who will represent its interests", and
852:
policies by the secret police. In Kosovo, the period 1947-1966 is colloquially known as "the Ranković era". During this time, Kosovo became a police state under Ranković and his secret police force. Policies promoted by Serb nationalists were employed against Albanians by Ranković that involved
682:. Rankovićism was commonly used as a pejorative term in Yugoslavia following his forcible political removal, and became taboo in the country after the 1960s due to its negative connotations. However, there were people who sought to redeem Ranković's legacy in the public's eyes, such as 934:
received by Albanians and some other Yugoslavs, whereas it generated concerns within Yugoslavia that Serbs would become vulnerable and lack protection in Kosovo. Tito made a visit to Kosovo (spring 1967) and admitted to mistakes having been made in previous years.
812:
and consequently Kosovo became an area of focus for the secret service and police force under Ranković. During Ranković's campaign, members of the Albanian intelligentsia were targeted, whereas thousands of other Albanians underwent trials and were jailed for
880:
in 1953 that promoted Albanian emigration to Anatolia. Factors involved in the upsurge of migration were intimidation and pressure toward the Albanian population to leave through a campaign headed by Ranković that officially was stated as aimed at curbing
717:
The popularity of Ranković's policies in Serbia was apparent at his funeral in 1983 when large numbers of people attended the funeral. Many considered Ranković a Serbian "national" leader. By the early 1980s, many anti-Titoists invoked Ranković as their
942:
was hope for a return to conditions of the time, as he represented order and peace. For Kosovo Albanians, Ranković became a symbol that represented misery and suffering, as they associated him with negative actions toward them.
974: 926:, a Serbian member of the LCS Central Committee, famously said that he was "ashamed - as a communist, as a Serb, and as a man - as I listened to the presentation of comrade Deva". Serbian Communist 845:, due to national tensions in the organisation. Ranković was considered as a figure of conservative political elements within Yugoslavia that did not favour democratisation or reform. 337: 966:
funeral was attended by over 100,000 people who chanted his name, and turned the event into a nationalist demonstration. Serbian nationalists supported Ranković, such as
541: 407: 1349:
Religious revival and ethnic mobilization in communist Yugoslavia, 1965-1991: A history of the Yugoslav religious question from the reform era to the civil war
982: 357: 923: 751:
leadership figure, defended Ranković's reputation and said that "Ranković should be rehabilitated immediately", believing that Ranković had been maltreated.
557: 631: 307: 551: 1000: 440: 690:
said that "Ranković should be rehabilitated immediately" and said that "he did not deserve the harsh measures that were taken against him".
834: 312: 2236: 504: 387: 809: 377: 817:". Ranković was one of Tito's close political and influential associates that oversaw the purges of communists accused of being pro- 1312: 648: 342: 1481: 1377: 778:
in Kosovo, they dominated the government, security forces, and industrial employment in Kosovo. Ranković, as head of Yugoslavia's
2231: 1482:"The Economy Triger - The status of 'Nationality' in a 'Self-Managed' Economy During the 1960s and 1970s in Socialist Yugoslavia" 484: 367: 902:
of reformers who sought decentralization and to preserve the right of national self-determination of the peoples of Yugoslavia.
797:. He was against the Albanian population gaining further autonomy in Kosovo and Ranković had misgivings and a strong dislike of 954:, succeeded in the late 1960s in attaining substantial decentralization of powers, creating substantial autonomy in Kosovo and 1529: 43: 2006: 1545: 1326: 876:
as the individual that would implement "the Gentleman's Agreement", a deal reached between Tito and Turkish foreign minister
624: 489: 977:
was founded that promoted the restoration of Ranković-era policies. The Committee claimed that Albanians were committing "
848:
Between 1945 and 1966, Ranković upheld Serbian minority control of mainly Albanian inhabited Kosovo through repressive
793:
President Tito granted the security forces of Ranković the task to bring Albanians under control. Ranković supported a
763: 455: 435: 985:
written by various Serbian Communist officials that accused Tito and Kardelj of having attempted to "destroy Serbia".
2208: 2170: 2144: 2125: 2083: 1968: 1723: 1683: 1493: 1441: 1391: 499: 470: 450: 826: 617: 477: 946:
After the ouster of Ranković in 1966, the agenda of pro-decentralization reformers in Yugoslavia, especially from
2246: 1667: 822: 494: 445: 918:." Upon listening at a meeting to the claims of Ranković's abuse of power and abuse of Albanians as reported by 189: 2241: 2117: 1675: 1014:
Milošević's wife Mira Marković, as well as Milošević's major supporter, the Yugoslav Defense Secretary General
911: 907: 842: 465: 460: 1709: 1711:
Politics of ethnic cleansing: nation-state building and provision of in/security in twentieth-century Balkans
1427: 838: 779: 1609: 1347: 2251: 1454: 988: 830: 392: 93: 2256: 930:
called for Ranković to be expelled from the party, and the LCS Central Committee agreed to this request.
775: 1188: 1107: 1062: 877: 2034: 1383: 573: 382: 317: 2197:
Kosovo, Intervention and Statebuilding: The International Community and the Transition to Independence
535: 108: 2261: 2162: 728:'s subjugation of Serbia. Ranković's policies have been perceived as the basis of the policies of 214: 2060: 1353: 1318: 1265: 1007: 992: 849: 729: 234: 1175: 1094: 667: 2192: 2141:
Nonconformists: Culture, Politics, and Nationalism in a Serbian Intellectual Circle, 1944-1991
1619: 660: 254: 1960: 1924: 1464: 1049: 890: 805: 529: 412: 352: 229: 2266: 882: 854: 563: 546: 103: 78: 927: 866: 8: 2047: 996: 808:(1948), local Albanians were viewed by the state as possible collaborators of pro-Soviet 397: 174: 118: 58: 1015: 224: 204: 169: 1987: 967: 898: 759: 748: 720: 683: 656: 322: 284: 269: 2204: 2166: 2121: 2079: 2002: 1964: 1719: 1679: 1633: 1541: 1489: 1437: 1387: 1322: 1167: 1161: 1086: 1080: 675: 523: 402: 362: 327: 68: 219: 2152: 1537: 755: 671: 607: 596: 279: 98: 73: 63: 801:. Kosovo was seen by Ranković as a security threat for the country and its unity. 744: 687: 239: 2156: 2111: 2069: 1996: 1954: 1715: 699: 372: 274: 209: 83: 786:
in Kosovo who were commonly accused of pursuing seditious activities, including
264: 199: 2021: 1486:
The Crisis of Socialist Modernity: The Soviet Union and Yugoslavia in the 1970s
894: 332: 194: 179: 113: 19: 1259: 766:(1992–1993). Ćosić has strongly supported the policies of Aleksandar Ranković. 678:
that he deemed would jeopardize both the unity of Yugoslavia and the unity of
244: 2225: 1379:
Western intervention in the Balkans: The strategic use of emotion in conflict
794: 568: 417: 302: 249: 2214: 2183: 2131: 2089: 1974: 1729: 1689: 1551: 1499: 1447: 1397: 1357: 1332: 939: 184: 1902: 1900: 1898: 2102: 123: 141: 1895: 915: 787: 578: 259: 862: 2200: 2075: 1982:
Bokovoy, Melissa Katherine; Irvine, Jill A.; Lilly, Carol S. (1997).
1484:. In Calic, Marie-Janine; Neutatz, Dietmar; Obertreis, Julia (eds.). 1433: 955: 919: 858: 814: 798: 783: 740: 711: 88: 2031:
Politics, Power, and the Struggle for Democracy in South-East Europe
1741: 1739: 1262:
The Kosovo report: conflict, international response, lessons learned
821:
following the Soviet-Yugoslav split. The secret police operating in
1119: 1117: 978: 959: 947: 652: 347: 2158:
The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building And Legitimation, 1918-2005
1736: 951: 725: 151: 1155: 1153: 1114: 1200: 1198: 873: 865:. Ranković along with other Serb communist members opposed the 818: 707: 1506: 602: 2018:
Serpent in the bosom: the rise and fall of Slobodan Milošević
1874:
Yugoslavia's bloody collapse: causes, course and consequences
1150: 889:
in Kosovo by this time was repressed, and both Albanians and
886: 771: 703: 679: 2099:
The Destruction of Yugoslavia: Tracking the Break-Up 1980-92
1816: 1814: 1672:
Kosovo and Serbia: Contested Options and Shared Consequences
1195: 1784: 1634:"Historical Construction and Development of Bosniak Nation" 724:. They alleged that the ouster of Ranković was a symbol of 1853: 1841: 1801: 1799: 1599: 1597: 1530:"Ethnic Prejudices and Discrimination: The Case of Kosovo" 1291: 1289: 1287: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1277: 1275: 1032: 1030: 1811: 1772: 1314:
Balkan idols: Religion and nationalism in Yugoslav states
1762: 1760: 1758: 1756: 1754: 1638:
Alternatives: Turkish Journal of International Relations
1885: 1883: 1831: 1829: 1796: 1670:. In Mehmeti, Leandrit I.; Radeljić, Branislav (eds.). 1594: 1272: 1260:
Independent International Commission on Kosovo (2000).
1140: 1138: 1136: 1134: 1132: 1027: 782:
security forces, supported a hardline approach towards
1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1255: 1253: 1251: 1249: 1236: 1234: 1232: 1230: 1751: 1217: 1215: 1213: 1931: 1921:
Slobodan Milosevic and the Destruction of Yugoslavia
1880: 1826: 1129: 872:
Kosovo, under the control of Ranković was viewed by
1668:"Settling the self-determination dispute in Kosovo" 1575: 1558: 1421: 1419: 1404: 1246: 1227: 833:were under the full control of Ranković, unlike in 1981: 1745: 1210: 1123: 23:Aleksandar Ranković, Yugoslav communist politician 1532:. In Bieber, Florian; Daskalovski, Židas (eds.). 714:almost the same level of power as the republics. 2223: 1984:State-society relations in Yugoslavia, 1945-1992 1416: 922:, the Secretary of Kosovo's Regional Committee, 790:, and were persecuted due to these allegations. 647:refers to a political ideology prevalent in the 1038:Review of the Study Centre for Jugoslav Affairs 1001:President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 764:President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 735: 2028: 1425: 1371: 1369: 1367: 1204: 1306: 1304: 625: 2041: 1906: 1859: 1847: 1523: 1521: 1074: 1072: 893:were encouraged to declare themselves to be 2193:"Policing the state of exception in Kosovo" 2067: 1778: 1661: 1659: 1512: 1488:. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. p. 153. 1475: 1473: 1364: 2113:Kosovo: How myths and truths started a war 2071:Kosovo: The politics of identity and space 1703: 1701: 1699: 1301: 975:Kosovo Committee of Serbs and Montenegrins 770:Ranković sought to secure the position of 632: 618: 1952: 1805: 1790: 1631: 1603: 1518: 1339: 1295: 1069: 1044:. Study Centre for Jugoslav Affairs: 277. 1656: 1470: 1375: 987: 754: 739: 649:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 343:Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 18: 2029:Dawisha, Karen; Parrott, Bruce (1997). 1871: 1696: 1527: 485:League of Socialist Youth of Yugoslavia 2224: 2138: 2109: 2057:Yugoslavia: A State That Withered Away 2042:Doder, Dusko; Branson, Louise (1999). 1820: 1766: 1665: 1460: 1345: 1310: 1144: 906:Ranković came from members within the 747:, Montenegrin politician and a former 2151: 2096: 2054: 2015: 1994: 1937: 1889: 1835: 1707: 1615: 1588: 1479: 1426:Leurdijk, Dick; Zandee, Dick (2001). 1240: 1221: 2190: 1918: 1569: 1410: 651:based on the political views of the 490:Socialist Alliance of Working People 313:Volunteers in the Spanish Civil War 13: 2237:League of Communists of Yugoslavia 962:(now called Bosniak) nationality. 867:recognition of Bosniak nationality 436:League of Communists of Yugoslavia 14: 2278: 2145:Central European University Press 1632:Sancaktar, Caner (1 April 2012). 973:In 1986, a movement known as the 897:. Large numbers of Albanians and 670:Yugoslavia and his opposition to 500:Unitary National Liberation Front 1746:Bokovoy, Irvine & Lilly 1997 1166:. Vol. 14, no. 27–30. 1124:Bokovoy, Irvine & Lilly 1997 601: 590: 42: 2044:Milosevic: Portrait of a Tyrant 1986:. Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA: 1912: 1865: 1625: 1534:Understanding the war in Kosovo 1085:. Vol. 10, no. 9–13. 795:centralised Soviet style system 762:Serbian writer and politician, 698:For many years Ranković was in 495:Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia 2232:Eponymous political ideologies 2118:University of California Press 1676:University of Pittsburgh Press 912:League of Communists of Kosovo 908:League of Communists of Serbia 655:communist official and former 1: 1876:. Hurst & Co. p. 92. 1872:Bennett, Christopher (1995). 1429:Kosovo: From crisis to crisis 1021: 2068:Kostovicova, Denisa (2005). 736:Specific policies and legacy 393:Anti-bureaucratic revolution 94:Proletarian internationalism 7: 1956:Genocide on the Drina River 1376:Petersen, Roger D. (2011). 1264:. New York, New York, USA: 806:Yugoslav-Soviet Union split 693: 378:1968 student demonstrations 10: 2283: 2035:Cambridge University Press 2033:. Cambridge, England, UK: 2020:. Boulder, Colorado, USA: 1998:Civil Resistance in Kosovo 1946: 1480:Jakir, Aleksander (2011). 1384:Cambridge University Press 1356:. p. 111 – via 1346:Perica, Vjekoslav (1998). 1311:Perica, Vjekoslav (2002). 1205:Dawisha & Parrott 1997 574:Third International Theory 2195:. In Hehir, Aidan (ed.). 2016:Cohen, Lenard J. (2002). 1953:Bećirević, Edina (2014). 536:Conversations with Stalin 505:Women's Antifascist Front 388:Death and funeral of Tito 109:Socialist self-management 2163:Indiana University Press 1907:Doder & Branson 1999 1860:Doder & Branson 1999 1848:Doder & Branson 1999 408:14th Congress of the LCY 2191:Ryan, Barry J. (2010). 2061:Purdue University Press 1528:Nikolić, Lazar (2003). 1354:University of Minnesota 1319:Oxford University Press 1266:Oxford University Press 358:6th Congress of the LCY 308:4th Congress of the CPY 36:Socialism in Yugoslavia 2247:Politics of Yugoslavia 2110:Mertus, Julie (1999). 2097:Magaš, Branka (1993). 1995:Clark, Howard (2000). 1909:, p. 30–31. 1708:Mulaj, Klejda (2008). 1666:Qirezi, Arben (2017). 1004: 767: 752: 441:Bosnia and Herzegovina 24: 2242:Left-wing nationalism 2139:Miller, Nick (2007). 2055:Jović, Dejan (2009). 1961:Yale University Press 1925:Duke University Press 991: 758: 743: 676:constituent republics 530:Brotherhood and unity 413:Breakup of Yugoslavia 368:Yugoslavia in the NAM 22: 2203:. pp. 114–131. 2048:Simon & Schuster 1919:Sell, Louis (2002). 958:, and recognizing a 883:Albanian nationalism 608:Socialism portal 597:Communism portal 564:Non-Aligned Movement 547:History of communism 104:Socialist patriotism 2252:Serbian nationalism 1823:, pp. 98, 116. 1515:, pp. 40, 121. 1170:. 1989. p. 16. 1089:. 1985. p. 15. 997:President of Serbia 910:, specifically the 878:Mehmet Fuat Köprülü 661:Aleksandar Ranković 542:Economy of the SFRY 398:Revolutions of 1989 255:Aleksandar Ranković 59:Anti-Stalinist left 30:Part of a series on 2257:Types of socialism 1988:Palgrave Macmillan 1793:, pp. 18, 25. 1321:. pp. 43–44. 1008:Slobodan Milošević 1005: 993:Slobodan Milošević 891:Muslim South Slavs 768: 753: 730:Slobodan Milošević 323:Yugoslav Partisans 235:Slobodan Milošević 230:Cvijetin Mijatović 25: 16:Political ideology 2153:Ramet, Sabrina P. 2008:978-0-7453-1569-0 1547:978-0-7146-5391-4 1328:978-0-19-517429-8 1183:Missing or empty 1168:Radio Free Europe 1162:Radio Free Europe 1102:Missing or empty 1087:Radio Free Europe 1081:Radio Free Europe 1057:Missing or empty 928:Spasenija Babović 749:Yugoslav Partisan 674:of powers to the 657:Yugoslav Partisan 642: 641: 552:Leader of the LCY 403:Gazimestan speech 383:1974 Constitution 363:Informbiro period 353:Tito–Stalin split 328:May consultations 69:Ethnic federalism 2274: 2218: 2187: 2181: 2179: 2148: 2135: 2106: 2093: 2064: 2051: 2038: 2025: 2012: 1991: 1978: 1941: 1935: 1929: 1928: 1916: 1910: 1904: 1893: 1887: 1878: 1877: 1869: 1863: 1857: 1851: 1845: 1839: 1833: 1824: 1818: 1809: 1803: 1794: 1788: 1782: 1779:Kostovicova 2005 1776: 1770: 1764: 1749: 1743: 1734: 1733: 1705: 1694: 1693: 1663: 1654: 1653: 1651: 1649: 1629: 1623: 1613: 1607: 1601: 1592: 1586: 1573: 1567: 1556: 1555: 1538:Psychology Press 1525: 1516: 1513:Kostovicova 2005 1510: 1504: 1503: 1477: 1468: 1458: 1452: 1451: 1423: 1414: 1408: 1402: 1401: 1373: 1362: 1361: 1343: 1337: 1336: 1308: 1299: 1293: 1270: 1269: 1257: 1244: 1238: 1225: 1219: 1208: 1202: 1193: 1192: 1186: 1181: 1179: 1171: 1157: 1148: 1142: 1127: 1121: 1112: 1111: 1105: 1100: 1098: 1090: 1076: 1067: 1066: 1060: 1055: 1053: 1045: 1034: 1016:Veljko Kadijević 732:from the 1980s. 672:decentralization 634: 627: 620: 606: 605: 595: 594: 593: 280:Vladimir Velebit 225:Mihailo Marković 215:Dragiša Lapčević 205:Lazar Koliševski 170:Vladimir Bakarić 119:Workers' council 99:Social ownership 79:Marxism–Leninism 74:Market socialism 64:Decentralization 46: 37: 27: 26: 2282: 2281: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2273: 2272: 2271: 2262:Yugoslav Serbia 2222: 2221: 2211: 2177: 2175: 2173: 2128: 2086: 2009: 2001:. Pluto Press. 1971: 1949: 1944: 1936: 1932: 1917: 1913: 1905: 1896: 1888: 1881: 1870: 1866: 1858: 1854: 1846: 1842: 1834: 1827: 1819: 1812: 1804: 1797: 1789: 1785: 1777: 1773: 1765: 1752: 1744: 1737: 1726: 1716:Lexington Books 1706: 1697: 1686: 1664: 1657: 1647: 1645: 1630: 1626: 1614: 1610: 1602: 1595: 1587: 1576: 1568: 1559: 1548: 1526: 1519: 1511: 1507: 1496: 1478: 1471: 1459: 1455: 1444: 1424: 1417: 1409: 1405: 1394: 1386:. p. 142. 1374: 1365: 1344: 1340: 1329: 1309: 1302: 1294: 1273: 1258: 1247: 1239: 1228: 1220: 1211: 1203: 1196: 1184: 1182: 1173: 1172: 1159: 1158: 1151: 1143: 1130: 1122: 1115: 1103: 1101: 1092: 1091: 1078: 1077: 1070: 1058: 1056: 1047: 1046: 1036: 1035: 1028: 1024: 983:SANU memorandum 960:Muslim Yugoslav 899:Sandžak Muslims 861:and Muslims of 738: 700:Josip Broz Tito 696: 638: 600: 599: 591: 589: 584: 583: 518: 510: 509: 431: 423: 422: 373:Croatian Spring 298: 290: 289: 285:Veljko Vlahović 275:Josip Broz Tito 270:Petar Stambolić 210:Sergej Kraigher 190:Filip Filipović 165: 157: 156: 137: 129: 128: 84:Neutral country 54: 35: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2280: 2270: 2269: 2264: 2259: 2254: 2249: 2244: 2239: 2234: 2220: 2219: 2209: 2188: 2171: 2149: 2136: 2126: 2107: 2094: 2084: 2065: 2052: 2039: 2026: 2022:Westview Press 2013: 2007: 1992: 1979: 1969: 1948: 1945: 1943: 1942: 1940:, p. 350. 1930: 1911: 1894: 1892:, p. 196. 1879: 1864: 1852: 1840: 1838:, p. 305. 1825: 1810: 1806:Bećirević 2014 1795: 1791:Bećirević 2014 1783: 1771: 1769:, p. 109. 1750: 1748:, p. 296. 1735: 1724: 1718:. p. 45. 1695: 1684: 1678:. p. 50. 1655: 1624: 1608: 1604:Bećirević 2014 1593: 1574: 1572:, p. 119. 1557: 1546: 1540:. p. 59. 1517: 1505: 1494: 1469: 1453: 1442: 1436:. p. 15. 1415: 1413:, p. 118. 1403: 1392: 1363: 1338: 1327: 1300: 1296:Bećirević 2014 1271: 1245: 1243:, p. 299. 1226: 1209: 1207:, p. 149. 1194: 1149: 1147:, p. 323. 1128: 1126:, p. 295. 1113: 1068: 1025: 1023: 1020: 924:Mihailo Švabić 804:Following the 737: 734: 695: 692: 666:It promotes a 640: 639: 637: 636: 629: 622: 614: 611: 610: 586: 585: 582: 581: 576: 571: 566: 561: 554: 549: 544: 539: 532: 527: 519: 517:Related topics 516: 515: 512: 511: 508: 507: 502: 497: 492: 487: 482: 481: 480: 475: 474: 473: 468: 458: 453: 448: 443: 432: 429: 428: 425: 424: 421: 420: 415: 410: 405: 400: 395: 390: 385: 380: 375: 370: 365: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 333:Leftist errors 330: 325: 320: 315: 310: 305: 299: 296: 295: 292: 291: 288: 287: 282: 277: 272: 267: 262: 257: 252: 247: 242: 237: 232: 227: 222: 220:Franc Leskošek 217: 212: 207: 202: 197: 195:Edvard Kardelj 192: 187: 182: 180:Milovan Djilas 177: 175:Džemal Bijedić 172: 166: 163: 162: 159: 158: 155: 154: 149: 144: 138: 135: 134: 131: 130: 127: 126: 121: 116: 114:Third-Worldism 111: 106: 101: 96: 91: 86: 81: 76: 71: 66: 61: 55: 52: 51: 48: 47: 39: 38: 32: 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2279: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2255: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2245: 2243: 2240: 2238: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2229: 2227: 2216: 2212: 2210:9781135169213 2206: 2202: 2198: 2194: 2189: 2185: 2174: 2172:0-253-34656-8 2168: 2164: 2160: 2159: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2127:9780520218659 2123: 2119: 2115: 2114: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2085:9780415348065 2081: 2077: 2073: 2072: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2049: 2045: 2040: 2036: 2032: 2027: 2023: 2019: 2014: 2010: 2004: 2000: 1999: 1993: 1989: 1985: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1970:9780300192582 1966: 1962: 1958: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1939: 1934: 1927:. p. 97. 1926: 1922: 1915: 1908: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1891: 1886: 1884: 1875: 1868: 1862:, p. 30. 1861: 1856: 1850:, p. 31. 1849: 1844: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1808:, p. 18. 1807: 1802: 1800: 1792: 1787: 1781:, p. 41. 1780: 1775: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1755: 1747: 1742: 1740: 1731: 1727: 1725:9780739146675 1721: 1717: 1713: 1712: 1704: 1702: 1700: 1691: 1687: 1685:9780822981572 1681: 1677: 1673: 1669: 1662: 1660: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1628: 1621: 1617: 1612: 1606:, p. 24. 1605: 1600: 1598: 1591:, p. 12. 1590: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1571: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1553: 1549: 1543: 1539: 1535: 1531: 1524: 1522: 1514: 1509: 1501: 1497: 1495:9783647310428 1491: 1487: 1483: 1476: 1474: 1466: 1462: 1457: 1449: 1445: 1443:9781351791571 1439: 1435: 1431: 1430: 1422: 1420: 1412: 1407: 1399: 1395: 1393:9781139503303 1389: 1385: 1381: 1380: 1372: 1370: 1368: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1342: 1334: 1330: 1324: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1307: 1305: 1298:, p. 17. 1297: 1292: 1290: 1288: 1286: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1278: 1276: 1268:. p. 35. 1267: 1263: 1256: 1254: 1252: 1250: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1233: 1231: 1224:, p. 98. 1223: 1218: 1216: 1214: 1206: 1201: 1199: 1190: 1177: 1176:cite magazine 1169: 1165: 1163: 1156: 1154: 1146: 1141: 1139: 1137: 1135: 1133: 1125: 1120: 1118: 1109: 1096: 1095:cite magazine 1088: 1084: 1082: 1075: 1073: 1064: 1051: 1043: 1039: 1033: 1031: 1026: 1019: 1017: 1012: 1009: 1002: 999:(1989–1997), 998: 994: 990: 986: 984: 980: 976: 971: 969: 968:Dobrica Ćosić 963: 961: 957: 953: 949: 944: 941: 935: 931: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 903: 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 879: 875: 870: 868: 864: 860: 856: 851: 850:anti-Albanian 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 811: 807: 802: 800: 796: 791: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 765: 761: 760:Dobrica Ćosić 757: 750: 746: 745:Milovan Đilas 742: 733: 731: 727: 723: 722: 721:cause célèbre 715: 713: 709: 705: 701: 691: 689: 688:Milovan Đilas 685: 684:Dobrica Ćosić 681: 677: 673: 669: 664: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 635: 630: 628: 623: 621: 616: 615: 613: 612: 609: 604: 598: 588: 587: 580: 577: 575: 572: 570: 569:Praxis School 567: 565: 562: 560: 559: 558:The New Class 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 538: 537: 533: 531: 528: 526: 525: 521: 520: 514: 513: 506: 503: 501: 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 486: 483: 479: 476: 472: 469: 467: 464: 463: 462: 459: 457: 454: 452: 449: 447: 444: 442: 439: 438: 437: 434: 433: 430:Organizations 427: 426: 419: 418:Yugoslav Wars 416: 414: 411: 409: 406: 404: 401: 399: 396: 394: 391: 389: 386: 384: 381: 379: 376: 374: 371: 369: 366: 364: 361: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 324: 321: 319: 316: 314: 311: 309: 306: 304: 301: 300: 294: 293: 286: 283: 281: 278: 276: 273: 271: 268: 266: 263: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 246: 243: 241: 240:Gajo Petrović 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 211: 208: 206: 203: 201: 198: 196: 193: 191: 188: 186: 183: 181: 178: 176: 173: 171: 168: 167: 161: 160: 153: 150: 148: 145: 143: 140: 139: 133: 132: 125: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 110: 107: 105: 102: 100: 97: 95: 92: 90: 87: 85: 82: 80: 77: 75: 72: 70: 67: 65: 62: 60: 57: 56: 50: 49: 45: 41: 40: 34: 33: 29: 28: 21: 2215:Google Books 2213:– via 2196: 2184:Google Books 2182:– via 2178:28 September 2176:. Retrieved 2157: 2140: 2132:Google Books 2130:– via 2112: 2098: 2090:Google Books 2088:– via 2070: 2056: 2043: 2030: 2017: 1997: 1983: 1975:Google Books 1973:– via 1955: 1933: 1920: 1914: 1873: 1867: 1855: 1843: 1786: 1774: 1730:Google Books 1728:– via 1710: 1690:Google Books 1688:– via 1671: 1648:28 September 1646:. Retrieved 1641: 1637: 1627: 1611: 1552:Google Books 1550:– via 1533: 1508: 1500:Google Books 1498:– via 1485: 1456: 1448:Google Books 1446:– via 1428: 1406: 1398:Google Books 1396:– via 1378: 1358:Google Books 1348: 1341: 1333:Google Books 1331:– via 1313: 1261: 1185:|title= 1160: 1104:|title= 1079: 1059:|title= 1050:cite journal 1041: 1037: 1013: 1006: 972: 964: 945: 940:Kosovo Serbs 936: 932: 904: 871: 847: 803: 792: 776:Montenegrins 769: 719: 716: 704:inner circle 697: 665: 644: 643: 556: 534: 522: 318:World War II 265:Mika Špiljak 200:Boris Kidrič 185:Stane Dolanc 146: 2267:Yugoslavism 2103:Verso Books 1821:Mertus 1999 1767:Miller 2007 1461:Mertus 1999 1145:Miller 2007 1003:(1997–2000) 668:centralized 645:Rankovićism 245:Moša Pijade 147:Rankovićism 124:Yugoslavism 2226:Categories 2074:. London: 1938:Ramet 2006 1890:Magaš 1993 1836:Ramet 2006 1618:, p.  1616:Ramet 2006 1589:Clark 2000 1463:, p.  1241:Jović 2009 1222:Cohen 2002 1022:References 916:chauvinism 855:Hungarians 827:Montenegro 788:separatism 579:Yugoslavia 456:Montenegro 303:Centrumaši 260:Ivan Ribar 250:Đuro Pucar 53:Principles 2201:Routledge 2076:Routledge 1570:Ryan 2010 1434:Routledge 1411:Ryan 2010 1352:(Ph.D.). 956:Vojvodina 920:Veli Deva 859:Vojvodina 823:Macedonia 815:Stalinism 799:Albanians 784:Albanians 712:Vojvodina 471:Vojvodina 451:Macedonia 89:New class 2155:(2006). 1164:research 1083:research 979:genocide 948:Slovenia 843:Slovenia 694:Overview 478:Slovenia 348:Cold War 142:Đilasism 136:Variants 1947:Sources 952:Croatia 863:Sandžak 839:Croatia 810:Albania 726:Titoism 659:leader 653:Serbian 446:Croatia 297:History 152:Titoism 2207:  2169:  2124:  2082:  2005:  1967:  1722:  1682:  1644:: 1–17 1544:  1492:  1440:  1390:  1325:  874:Turkey 835:Bosnia 831:Serbia 819:Stalin 708:Kosovo 466:Kosovo 461:Serbia 164:People 895:Turks 887:Islam 772:Serbs 680:Serbs 524:Borba 338:AVNOJ 2205:ISBN 2180:2019 2167:ISBN 2122:ISBN 2080:ISBN 2003:ISBN 1965:ISBN 1720:ISBN 1680:ISBN 1650:2019 1542:ISBN 1490:ISBN 1438:ISBN 1388:ISBN 1323:ISBN 1189:help 1108:help 1063:help 950:and 841:and 829:and 780:UDBA 774:and 710:and 1620:286 857:of 702:'s 2228:: 2199:. 2165:. 2161:. 2143:. 2120:. 2116:. 2101:. 2078:. 2059:. 2046:. 1963:. 1959:. 1923:. 1897:^ 1882:^ 1828:^ 1813:^ 1798:^ 1753:^ 1738:^ 1714:. 1698:^ 1674:. 1658:^ 1642:11 1640:. 1636:. 1596:^ 1577:^ 1560:^ 1536:. 1520:^ 1472:^ 1465:98 1432:. 1418:^ 1382:. 1366:^ 1317:. 1303:^ 1274:^ 1248:^ 1229:^ 1212:^ 1197:^ 1180:: 1178:}} 1174:{{ 1152:^ 1131:^ 1116:^ 1099:: 1097:}} 1093:{{ 1071:^ 1054:: 1052:}} 1048:{{ 1040:. 1029:^ 995:, 885:. 869:. 837:, 825:, 686:. 663:. 2217:. 2186:. 2147:. 2134:. 2105:. 2092:. 2063:. 2050:. 2037:. 2024:. 2011:. 1990:. 1977:. 1732:. 1692:. 1652:. 1622:. 1554:. 1502:. 1467:. 1450:. 1400:. 1360:. 1335:. 1191:) 1187:( 1110:) 1106:( 1065:) 1061:( 1042:2 813:" 633:e 626:t 619:v

Index


Yugoslav star with Josip Broz Tito
Anti-Stalinist left
Decentralization
Ethnic federalism
Market socialism
Marxism–Leninism
Neutral country
New class
Proletarian internationalism
Social ownership
Socialist patriotism
Socialist self-management
Third-Worldism
Workers' council
Yugoslavism
Đilasism
Rankovićism
Titoism
Vladimir Bakarić
Džemal Bijedić
Milovan Djilas
Stane Dolanc
Filip Filipović
Edvard Kardelj
Boris Kidrič
Lazar Koliševski
Sergej Kraigher
Dragiša Lapčević
Franc Leskošek

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.