368:, which has become the standard for PC-produced printable documents. The international standard was set in 2008, with input from the users, who decided to use the products offered in great numbers. The decision was driven by the need for the product, and the solution found was far more acceptable than the standards committees could design. Over 10 years of work had not produced an acceptable method, and the PC computing community created what they needed in less time.
290:
340:
streams and to take the work into the international standards arena. There was a concerted effort to bring the international community into the development. This decision was based in part on the experience gained over the acceptance of GML into an international SGML standard. To avoid the long delay of creating the architecture, they wanted to get everyone involved early.
349:
1987 to The IBM Dallas
Programming Center, where in 1998 it was disbanded and the work on the DCA architectures discontinued due mainly to the PC community which had gone in a different direction of necessity. The DCA architectures were fully completed, but not completely agreed upon after 18 years. There were no active implementations in sight.
372:'printed' into the PDF format provided by the most used presentation product. For example, Microsoft Word provides a printer selection 'Microsoft Print to PDF' to produce the requisite output for a PDF document. A similar method could have been used to produce the international standard had one eventually arrived.
360:
international standard) and used portions of it for their purposes. Microsoft Word eventually used the similar datastream for the internal working datastream for storage of editable content. Even though the SGML standard was available, it was impractical to use the full SGML parser implementation, so
344:
standardization had taken many years to develop. IBM's work with document content had been pushed by the needs of main frame computers where GML and DCA were in use, but that experience was pointing to a need for standardized component architectures for revisable and non-revisable text in particular.
339:
The drive to initiate international standards for the DCAs was initiated in 1980 at the IBM Rochester facility. A team, consisting of two MODCA architects, an RTOCA architect, and a PTOCA architect, was assembled. These architects were responsible for forming IBM consensus for the design of the data
348:
In 1981, shortly after its inception, the group was moved along with the IBM 5280 Distributed Data System to IBM Austin near Round Rock, TX, where the work continued with mixed success. As the architectures were becoming more firmly positioned on the international stage, the team was moved again in
371:
Attempting to achieve a consensus document data stream was quickly out-flanked by the available and usable content provided by the companies who did not attempt to share with others, but created a workable solution and successfully sold it to users. The output of the word processing software is
147:
Documents may contain fonts, overlays and other resource objects required at presentation time to present the data properly. Finally, documents may contain resource objects, such as a document index and tagging elements supporting the search and navigation of document data, for a variety of
375:
When IBM disbanded its Dallas
Programming Center in 1998, the entire staff of architects retired and left the company, except the manager, who was moved, ending the DCA architecture project for the foreseeable future at IBM.
481:
Document
Manipulation and Typography: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronic Publishing, Document Manipulation and Typography, Nice (France) April 20-22 1988
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98:
The original purpose of DCA was to provide a common document format that could be used across multiple IBM word processing platforms, such as the
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Presentation Text Object
Content Architecture (PTOCA) describes formatted text, including text attributes such as font or color.
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that can make up the document. Each object is defined by its own subordinate architecture. The architectures are:
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967:
727:
651:
451:
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Color
Management Object Content Architecture (CMOCA) describes the required color management information.
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a potential subset of it became the de facto standard for revisable text used today in the PC arena.
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Each architecture uses a series of binary structured fields to describe its corresponding object.
1055:
17:
586:
Method and
Apparatus for Multistage Document Format Transformation in a Data Processing System
1145:
855:
696:
597:
476:
424:
364:
At about the same time, Adobe
Systems designed and produced the printable document encoding
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393:(RTF) – another formatting code system that is sometimes confused with Revisable-Form Text.
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46:
8:
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130:(DCA/FFT) which is "formatted for a particular output device and cannot be changed."
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Font Object
Content Architecture (FOCA) describes fonts to be used in the document.
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Graphics Object
Content Architecture for Advanced Function Presentation Reference
163:
Image Object
Content Architecture (IOCA) describes resolution-independent images.
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91:(Mixed Object Document Content Architecture), which added embedded
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276:), which was not intended to be editable and was output-only.
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to allow transfer of formatted documents to other systems.
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Advanced Function Presentation Consortium (April 2017).
433:, vol. 18, no. 21, IDG Enterprise, p. 7,
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Bar Code Object Content Architecture (BCOCA) describes
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for text documents in the early 1980s. DCA was used on
166:
Graphics Object Content Architecture (GOCA) describes
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Mixed Object Document Content Architecture Reference
474:
237:) is part of DCA. It is sometimes referred to as
170:images. A variation of GOCA, AFP GOCA, is used in
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418:
416:
414:
412:
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477:"Well-established document interchange formats"
152:MO:DCA is the wrapper or container for various
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806:
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425:"IBM taking the standardization route to DPP"
409:
799:
785:
620:
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87:'s file format. DCA was later extended as
327:Learn how and when to remove this message
139:DCA defines a data stream representing a
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475:de la Beaujardière, Jean Marie (1988).
14:
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356:(believed to be an application of the
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71:for short, is a standard developed by
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594:United States patent number 5,513,323
497:
283:
117:DCA defines two types of documents:
24:
299:tone or style may not reflect the
25:
1162:
1127:List of document markup languages
549:
397:List of document markup languages
181:in a number of different formats.
309:guide to writing better articles
288:
83:systems and formed the basis of
1151:Advanced Function Presentation
583:Williams; et al. (1996).
527:
444:
386:Advanced Function Presentation
172:Advanced Function Presentation
134:
112:IBM 5520 Administrative System
13:
1:
402:
65:Document Content Architecture
728:Open XML Paper Specification
652:Microsoft Office XML formats
507:IBM Corporation (May 2006).
352:The PC world had decided on
124:(DCA/RFT) which is editable.
7:
483:. CUP Archive. p. 83.
423:Henkel, Tom (21 May 1984),
379:
10:
1167:
667:Open Document Architecture
452:"PC Magazine Encyclopedia"
279:
1124:
910:
864:
814:
808:Document markup languages
741:
710:
640:Editable document formats
639:
214:
204:
52:
42:
32:
824:Compound Document Format
733:Portable Document Format
647:Compound Document Format
556:AFP Consortium homepage
711:Fixed document formats
264:RFT has a counterpart
150:
697:Uniform Office Format
633:document file formats
239:Revisable Format Text
148:application purposes.
145:
219:Document file format
108:Displaywriter System
47:Document file format
687:Revisable-Form Text
255:mainframe computers
227:Revisable-Form Text
201:
200:Revisable-Form Text
195:Revisable-Form Text
122:Revisable-Form Text
29:
749:Character encoding
682:OpenOffice.org XML
241:. It was used by
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27:
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774:
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570:(Fourth ed.)
490:978-0-521-36294-8
337:
336:
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303:used on Knowledge
301:encyclopedic tone
243:IBM DisplayWriter
224:
223:
205:Developed by
62:
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33:Developed by
16:(Redirected from
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1061:ReStructuredText
844:WordprocessingML
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692:Rich Text Format
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391:Rich Text Format
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311:for suggestions.
307:See Knowledge's
297:This section's
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259:OfficeVision/400
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53:Extended to
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266:Final-Form Text
247:word processors
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128:Final-Form Text
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742:Related topics
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628:Multi-purpose
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550:External links
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215:Type of format
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104:IBM mainframes
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973:Enriched text
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430:Computerworld
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268:(abbreviated
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229:(abbreviated
228:
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174:environments.
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1146:IBM software
911:Lesser-known
816:Office suite
677:OpenDocument
585:
572:. Retrieved
563:
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517:. Retrieved
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480:
455:. Retrieved
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85:DisplayWrite
68:
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317:August 2022
135:Description
1140:Categories
918:AmigaGuide
865:Well-known
403:References
251:System/360
110:, and the
93:data files
948:CrossMark
439:0010-4841
179:bar codes
77:mainframe
1101:Wikitext
1051:Org-mode
1046:OpenMath
1036:MusicXML
1013:LinuxDoc
1008:LilyPond
923:AsciiDoc
902:Markdown
457:July 25,
380:See also
253:and 370
245:4 and 5
141:document
1091:Texinfo
988:GuideML
963:DocBook
943:ConTeXt
759:Unicode
672:OpenDoc
280:History
274:FFT-DCA
235:RFT-DCA
154:objects
18:RFT-DCA
1081:Setext
1076:S1000D
998:HyTime
938:C-HTML
928:BBCode
882:MathML
657:MO:DCA
630:office
574:Feb 7,
535:"Home"
519:Feb 7,
487:
437:
257:, and
106:, the
100:IBM PC
89:MO:DCA
57:MO:DCA
1111:WapTV
1096:troff
1041:OMDoc
978:FHTML
897:LaTeX
877:XHTML
829:OOXML
754:ASCII
723:Envoy
590:(PDF)
568:(PDF)
514:(PDF)
81:IBM i
67:, or
1116:XAML
1066:RTML
1026:MAML
1017:Lout
993:HDML
958:Djot
953:DITA
872:HTML
718:DjVu
576:2020
521:2020
485:ISBN
459:2012
435:ISSN
358:SGML
354:HTML
342:SGML
79:and
1106:WML
1086:TEI
1071:RFT
1056:POD
1031:MEI
1021:MIF
1003:IPF
983:GML
968:EAD
933:CML
892:TeX
887:RTF
856:UOF
851:ODF
766:TeX
366:PDF
272:or
270:FFT
249:on
233:or
231:RFT
209:IBM
73:IBM
69:DCA
37:IBM
28:DCA
1142::
537:.
499:^
479:.
467:^
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411:^
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114:.
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614:t
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523:.
493:.
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330:)
324:(
319:)
315:(
305:.
20:)
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