352:
137:
20:
451:
281:. Here, the pyroxenite lavas are created by in-situ crystallisation and accumulation of pyroxene at the base of a lava flow, creating the distinctive spinifex texture, but also occasionally mesocumulate and orthocumulate segregations. This is in essence similar to the formation of olivine spinifex textures in
254:. Pyroxenites might play an important role in basalt genesis (e.g., Lambart et al., 2016), either by contributing directly to the magma production, or indirectly as the result of reaction between peridotite and magma derived from partial melting of eclogite (e.g., Sobolev and others, 2007).
372:, which sometimes preserve the original structures of the primary minerals, such as the lamination of hypersthene and the rectangular cleavage of augite. Under pressure-metamorphism hornblende is developed and various types of
210:
by accumulation of pyroxene crystals at the base of the magma chamber. Here they are generally associated with gabbro and anorthite cumulate layers and are typically high up in the intrusion. They may be accompanied by
355:
Classification diagram for peridotite and pyroxenite, based on proportions of olivine and pyroxene. The pale green area encompasses the most common compositions of peridotite in the upper part of the Earth's
226:
Pyroxenites are also found as layers within masses of peridotite. These layers most commonly have been interpreted as products of reaction between ascending magmas and peridotite of the
289:
172:. This connection is indicated also by their mode of occurrence, for they usually accompany masses of gabbro and peridotite and seldom are found by themselves.
1475:
477:
351:
507:
136:
426:
The role of pyroxenite in basalt genesis: Melt-PX, a melting parameterization for mantle pyroxenites between 0.9 and 5 GPa
747:
179:
which may be several inches in length. The principal accessory minerals, in addition to olivine and feldspar, are
242:
have been interpreted as fragments of such layers. Although some mantle pyroxenites contain garnet, they are not
121:
423:
485:
293:
500:
455:
301:
230:. The layers typically are a few centimeters to a meter or so in thickness. Pyroxenites that occur as
1744:
577:
564:
341:
1754:
1749:
800:
780:
740:
413:
86:
which contain both types of pyroxenes (see diagram below). Closely allied to this group are the
1225:
493:
462:
432:
1190:
285:
lava flows, the chemistry of the magma differing only to favor crystallisation of pyroxene.
227:
117:
467:
8:
1021:
733:
976:
381:
297:
207:
1673:
1385:
1172:
1041:
619:
369:
109:
1485:
1245:
1098:
599:
586:
569:
556:
543:
538:
521:
278:
263:
79:
75:
1678:
1520:
1113:
1036:
637:
380:
are produced. Occasionally rocks rich in pyroxene are found as basic facies of
325:
313:
267:
43:
515:
1738:
1723:
1638:
1603:
1450:
1011:
916:
612:
472:
19:
1648:
1628:
1500:
1147:
1125:
1066:
966:
911:
896:
762:
693:
689:
517:
361:
321:
304:, where pyroxene spinifex lavas are closely associated with gold deposits.
106:
102:
87:
1537:
1428:
1408:
1398:
1325:
1275:
1200:
1046:
981:
951:
906:
864:
837:
832:
822:
785:
373:
333:
140:
Metamorphosed clinopyroxenite, made of green diopside, from the
Shetland
63:
481:. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 697.
1703:
1688:
1663:
1658:
1568:
1553:
1470:
1438:
1403:
1393:
1375:
1355:
1300:
1280:
1235:
1157:
1142:
1118:
1078:
1051:
1001:
961:
936:
926:
921:
901:
810:
642:
365:
345:
239:
165:
125:
91:
83:
37:
1718:
1708:
1698:
1683:
1653:
1633:
1618:
1613:
1578:
1573:
1532:
1525:
1490:
1460:
1445:
1423:
1365:
1345:
1340:
1330:
1315:
1295:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1250:
1240:
1215:
1180:
1093:
1061:
1006:
996:
971:
946:
941:
881:
842:
805:
329:
282:
271:
247:
212:
200:
192:
141:
95:
71:
24:
1693:
1668:
1593:
1563:
1558:
1480:
1465:
1433:
1413:
1310:
1285:
1162:
1137:
1130:
1108:
1103:
1056:
991:
876:
827:
817:
775:
702:
668:
393:
385:
317:
243:
231:
220:
216:
180:
161:
113:
67:
59:
51:
27:
1713:
1643:
1608:
1583:
1515:
1350:
1290:
1230:
1195:
1088:
1016:
931:
891:
859:
854:
770:
725:
710:
706:
676:
672:
655:
466:
428:, Journal of Geophysical Research – Solid Earth 121, p. 5708–5735
275:
176:
169:
47:
40:
168:, which are distinguished from them by containing more than 40%
1623:
1598:
1495:
1455:
1418:
1320:
1185:
1083:
1073:
1026:
986:
956:
886:
871:
849:
795:
790:
685:
659:
651:
626:
594:
581:
450:
435:
The amount of recycled crust in sources of mantle-derived melts
377:
337:
262:
Purely pyroxene-bearing volcanic rocks are rare, restricted to
251:
235:
196:
188:
184:
157:
153:
55:
1588:
1510:
1505:
1370:
1335:
1255:
1210:
1205:
551:
414:
http://jgs.lyellcollection.org/content/161/6/903/F2.large.jpg
250:
and the pyroxenite compositions typically are unlike that of
1360:
1305:
1220:
1152:
145:
175:
They are often very coarse-grained, containing individual
116:. The pyroxene-rich rocks, which result from the type of
392:
variety found in the Loch
Borralan igneous complex of
128:, and are respectively metapelites and metabasites.
105:
origin, though some pyroxenites are included in the
131:
364:under low temperature retrograde metamorphism and
461:
1736:
246:, as clinopyroxene in them is less sodic than
741:
501:
368:. The rocks are often completely replaced by
316:or segregations in gabbro and peridotite: in
160:, from which they differ by the absence of
748:
734:
508:
494:
206:Pyroxenites can be formed as cumulates in
152:Igneous pyroxenites are closely allied to
350:
135:
18:
1737:
439:(abstract) Retrieved on 6 October 2007
124:, have siliceous sediment or basaltic
729:
489:
312:They frequently occur in the form of
384:; a good example is provided by the
257:
13:
755:
433:Sobolev, A. V., and others, 2007,
424:Lambart, S. L., and others, 2016,
360:The pyroxenites are often subject
74:. Pyroxenites are classified into
14:
1766:
443:
449:
388:pyroxenites associated with the
132:Intrusive and mantle pyroxenites
23:A sample of the orthopyroxenite
307:
406:
1:
399:
340:. They are also found in the
300:, and the Duketon Belt near
90:, consisting essentially of
7:
10:
1771:
46:consisting essentially of
1546:
1384:
1171:
761:
529:
437:, Science 316, p. 412-417
412:Stratigraphy of the BIC
344:in South Africa and The
342:Bushveld Igneous Complex
122:pyroxene-hornfels facies
101:They are essentially of
801:Basaltic trachyandesite
781:Alkali feldspar granite
478:Encyclopædia Britannica
290:Gullewa Greenstone Belt
288:A type locality is the
274:and thick flows in the
357:
149:
30:
1191:Banded iron formation
354:
208:ultramafic intrusions
139:
22:
458:at Wikimedia Commons
118:contact metamorphism
219:layers, but rarely
1547:Specific varieties
656:Diabase (Dolerite)
468:"Pyroxenite"
358:
320:, Cortland on the
150:
31:
1732:
1731:
977:Nepheline syenite
723:
722:
718:
717:
690:Microgranodiorite
620:Subvolcanic rocks
463:Flett, John Smith
454:Media related to
382:nepheline syenite
298:Western Australia
1762:
1745:Ultramafic rocks
1674:Rapakivi granite
1386:Metamorphic rock
1173:Sedimentary rock
1042:Quartz monzonite
750:
743:
736:
727:
726:
532:
531:
510:
503:
496:
487:
486:
482:
470:
453:
416:
410:
362:serpentinization
279:greenstone belts
258:Pyroxenite lavas
110:Lewisian complex
80:orthopyroxenites
76:clinopyroxenites
1770:
1769:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1542:
1486:Pseudotachylite
1380:
1167:
1099:Tephriphonolite
757:
754:
724:
719:
714:
709:
705:
697:
692:
688:
680:
675:
671:
663:
658:
654:
646:
641:
640:
632:
624:
617:
603:
597:
590:
584:
573:
567:
560:
554:
547:
541:
525:
522:silicon dioxide
514:
446:
420:
419:
411:
407:
402:
376:and hornblende-
310:
260:
134:
54:group, such as
17:
12:
11:
5:
1768:
1758:
1757:
1755:Volcanic rocks
1752:
1750:Plutonic rocks
1747:
1730:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1679:Rhomb porphyry
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1529:
1528:
1521:Talc carbonate
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1390:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1177:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1114:Trachyandesite
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1064:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1037:Quartz diorite
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
868:
867:
857:
852:
847:
846:
845:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
814:
813:
808:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
767:
765:
759:
758:
756:Types of rocks
753:
752:
745:
738:
730:
721:
720:
716:
715:
700:
698:
683:
681:
666:
664:
649:
647:
638:Picrite basalt
635:
633:
627:Plutonic rocks
613:Volcanic rocks
609:
606:
605:
601:
592:
588:
575:
571:
562:
558:
549:
545:
536:
530:
527:
526:
520:classified by
513:
512:
505:
498:
490:
484:
483:
473:Chisholm, Hugh
459:
445:
444:External links
442:
441:
440:
430:
418:
417:
404:
403:
401:
398:
328:(websterite),
326:North Carolina
309:
306:
259:
256:
133:
130:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1767:
1756:
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1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1639:Litchfieldite
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1604:Hyaloclastite
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1575:
1572:
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1560:
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1527:
1524:
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1517:
1514:
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1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
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1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1451:Litchfieldite
1449:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
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1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
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1149:
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1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1012:Phonotephrite
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
917:Hyaloclastite
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
866:
863:
862:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
844:
841:
840:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
812:
809:
807:
804:
803:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
768:
766:
764:
760:
751:
746:
744:
739:
737:
732:
731:
728:
713:
712:
708:
704:
699:
696:
695:
691:
687:
682:
679:
678:
674:
670:
665:
662:
661:
657:
653:
648:
645:
644:
639:
634:
631:
630:
628:
623:
621:
616:
614:
608:
607:
604:
596:
593:
591:
583:
579:
576:
574:
566:
563:
561:
553:
550:
548:
540:
537:
534:
533:
528:
523:
519:
518:igneous rocks
511:
506:
504:
499:
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492:
491:
488:
480:
479:
474:
469:
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460:
457:
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409:
405:
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379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
353:
349:
348:in Zimbabwe.
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
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319:
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305:
303:
299:
295:
291:
286:
284:
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253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
224:
222:
218:
214:
209:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
173:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
147:
143:
138:
129:
127:
123:
119:
115:
111:
108:
104:
99:
97:
93:
89:
88:hornblendites
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
42:
39:
35:
29:
26:
21:
1649:Luxullianite
1629:Lapis lazuli
1574:Blue Granite
1501:Serpentinite
1476:Metapsammite
1226:Conglomerate
1148:Trondhjemite
1126:Trachybasalt
1067:Pantellerite
1031:
967:Monzogranite
912:Hornblendite
897:Granodiorite
763:Igneous rock
707:Microgranite
701:
694:Granodiorite
684:
673:Microdiorite
667:
650:
636:
625:
618:
611:
610:
578:Intermediate
565:Intermediate
476:
434:
425:
408:
389:
359:
322:Hudson River
311:
308:Distribution
287:
261:
228:upper mantle
225:
205:
174:
151:
100:
33:
32:
16:Igneous rock
1538:Whiteschist
1429:Greenschist
1409:Cataclasite
1399:Amphibolite
1326:Phosphorite
1276:Itacolumite
1201:Calcarenite
1047:Quartzolite
982:Nephelinite
952:Lamprophyre
907:Harzburgite
865:Napoleonite
838:Charnockite
833:Carbonatite
823:Blairmorite
786:Anorthosite
374:amphibolite
370:serpentines
334:New Zealand
223:cumulates.
166:peridotites
107:metamorphic
84:websterites
64:hypersthene
1739:Categories
1704:Teschenite
1689:Shonkinite
1664:Pietersite
1659:Novaculite
1569:Borolanite
1554:Adamellite
1471:Metapelite
1439:Calcflinta
1404:Blueschist
1394:Anthracite
1376:Wackestone
1356:Travertine
1301:Lumachelle
1281:Jaspillite
1236:Diamictite
1158:Websterite
1143:Troctolite
1119:Benmoreite
1079:Shonkinite
1052:Rhyodacite
1032:Pyroxenite
1002:Peridotite
962:Lherzolite
937:Kimberlite
927:Ignimbrite
922:Icelandite
902:Granophyre
811:Shoshonite
643:Peridotite
539:Ultramafic
456:Pyroxenite
400:References
390:borolanite
366:weathering
346:Great Dyke
296:region of
272:lava tubes
266:-textured
240:kimberlite
183:and other
148:, Scotland
126:protoliths
96:amphiboles
94:and other
92:hornblende
82:, and the
38:ultramafic
34:Pyroxenite
1719:Variolite
1709:Theralite
1699:Tachylite
1684:Rodingite
1654:Mangerite
1634:Larvikite
1619:Jasperoid
1614:Jadeitite
1579:Epidosite
1533:Tectonite
1526:Soapstone
1491:Quartzite
1461:Migmatite
1446:Itabirite
1424:Granulite
1366:Turbidite
1346:Sylvinite
1341:Siltstone
1331:Sandstone
1316:Oil shale
1296:Limestone
1271:Gritstone
1266:Greywacke
1261:Geyserite
1251:Evaporite
1241:Diatomite
1216:Claystone
1181:Argillite
1094:Tachylyte
1062:Comendite
1007:Phonolite
997:Pegmatite
972:Monzonite
947:Lamproite
942:Komatiite
882:Foidolite
843:Enderbite
806:Mugearite
336:, and in
330:Baltimore
294:Murchison
292:, in the
283:komatiite
248:omphacite
244:eclogites
232:xenoliths
213:magnetite
201:scapolite
193:magnetite
164:, and to
142:ophiolite
120:known as
72:enstatite
25:meteorite
1694:Taconite
1669:Pyrolite
1594:Ganister
1564:Aphanite
1559:Appinite
1481:Phyllite
1466:Mylonite
1434:Hornfels
1414:Eclogite
1311:Mudstone
1286:Laterite
1246:Dolomite
1163:Wehrlite
1138:Trachyte
1131:Hawaiite
1109:Tonalite
1104:Tephrite
1057:Rhyolite
1022:Porphyry
992:Obsidian
877:Essexite
828:Boninite
818:Basanite
776:Andesite
703:Rhyolite
669:Andesite
598:>69%
542:<45%
465:(1911).
394:Scotland
386:melanite
318:Shetland
302:Laverton
276:Archaean
264:spinifex
221:chromite
217:ilmenite
215:layers,
181:chromite
177:crystals
162:feldspar
114:Scotland
68:bronzite
60:diopside
52:pyroxene
48:minerals
28:ALH84001
1714:Unakite
1644:Llanite
1609:Ijolite
1584:Felsite
1516:Suevite
1351:Tillite
1291:Lignite
1231:Coquina
1196:Breccia
1089:Syenite
1017:Picrite
932:Ijolite
892:Granite
860:Diorite
855:Diabase
771:Adakite
711:Granite
677:Diorite
585:63–69%
568:52–63%
555:45–52%
524:content
516:Common
475:(ed.).
238:and in
185:spinels
170:olivine
158:norites
154:gabbros
103:igneous
50:of the
41:igneous
1624:Kenyte
1599:Gossan
1496:Schist
1456:Marble
1419:Gneiss
1321:Oolite
1186:Arkose
1084:Sovite
1074:Scoria
1027:Pumice
987:Norite
957:Latite
887:Gabbro
872:Dunite
850:Dacite
796:Basalt
791:Aplite
686:Dacite
660:Gabbro
652:Basalt
595:Felsic
582:felsic
378:schist
356:mantle
338:Saxony
252:basalt
236:basalt
199:, and
197:rutile
189:garnet
56:augite
36:is an
1589:Flint
1511:Slate
1506:Skarn
1371:Varve
1336:Shale
1256:Flint
1211:Chert
1206:Chalk
552:Mafic
471:. In
314:dikes
268:sills
1361:Tufa
1306:Marl
1221:Coal
1153:Tuff
535:Type
156:and
146:Unst
44:rock
1724:Wad
600:SiO
587:SiO
570:SiO
557:SiO
544:SiO
234:in
112:of
70:or
1741::
396:.
332:,
324:,
270:,
203:.
195:,
191:,
187:,
144:,
98:.
78:,
66:,
62:,
58:,
749:e
742:t
735:v
629::
622::
615::
602:2
589:2
580:–
572:2
559:2
546:2
509:e
502:t
495:v
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