1951:
that boys, who have less practice than their female counterparts with PDA (by virtue of their peer group experiences), must make a larger developmental leap as they move into the heterosexual arena. For example, examining the messages students write one another in high-school yearbooks, there were marked differences between boys' discourse directed towards friends (e.g., "you're a lousy wrestler…") and that directed towards romantic partners (e.g., "you are very beautiful in so many ways, it would take me a lifetime to express them in words…"). In contrast, young girls' use of language in messages to close friends and boyfriends is more similar in form and content. To the degree that the romantic context provides their only opportunity to express themselves and, more broadly, to relate in this intimate fashion, young males are more dependent on these relations than female adolescents, who have close friends for intimate talk and social support. This uniqueness figures into the
2109:
2041:
same race. Differences exist between these two groups on holding hands in public, whereby interracial couples are less likely to do so, yet these differences do not maintain significance in the context of private displays of intimate affection. Therefore, the fear of being negatively judged in public inhibits interracial couples from displaying physical affection in comparison to couples of the same race. Interracial couples have also been found to engage in other strategies to deter potential judgement, including ignoring public harassment to avoid confrontation, staying at home or filtering their social group to increase acceptance, attending social gatherings attended only by other interracial couples, and publicly surrounding themselves with members of their social support network.
1506:
religiosity limits the level of expression of affection in general. Also, religion is related to more conservative values that may have a global effect on all levels of PDA by younger participants. Seemingly religiosity may work in two different ways where religious communities are in general quite racially segregated around the world, and people with strong religious beliefs may be very unlikely to engage in sexual activity or even to date someone due to the morals advised by their religion. In many regions of the world, religion drives the cultural view on PDA and this sometimes culminates into proscription based on religious rules, for example
1808:
explored the more general terrain of gender relations, although several of the key studies focus on preadolescence and early adolescence. Their work highlights the degree to which features of these early relations, and even intense personal feelings such as being in love, are socially constructed. Adolescents' conceptions about and conduct within these relationships are heavily influenced by interaction and communication with others. Specific rules emerge (e.g., one should always be in love, it is wrong to date more than one person) and gossip or other social sanctions serve as important sources of informal social control around these rules.
2170:
males whereas women tend to be more accepting overall of homosexuals and their role in society. In the contemporary
Western society, attitudes towards same-sex public displays of affection vary across cities much like they vary across countries. In populations where the majority of individuals have high cultural values and are more accommodating, same-sex or same-gender public displays of affection are more likely to occur. This is understandable because same-sex individuals feel less persecuted by others in society and are less likely to feel as though they are being categorized as odd, abnormal, or deviant like those in Portugal.
2162:), LGBT people still refrain from public displays of affection for the most part. This detail may suggest that Portugal's acceptance of same-sex marriage is due to the fact that the LGBT individuals do not broadcast their sexuality, not that the public of Portugal is more accepting of these acts. Although it may appear that homosexual individuals are ambivalent about being limited in only displaying affection privately, it seems to happen out of fear of resentment or being perceived as odd rather than out of respect for their societies’ political beliefs and attitudes.
2037:, which states that interpersonal interactions between group members of each race will decrease prejudice and foster amicable connections between races. Beyond the conditions of equal group status, common goals, group cooperation, and social approval, some studies have found other stipulations important for fostering positive relations. For instance, it is important for the interracial contact to be intimate instead of superficial, for it to happen in many different settings, and for it to happen repeatedly with more than one individual from the other race.
129:
1796:
1558:
1550:
2247:
801:
2098:
1975:
32:
153:
1445:
2214:. Frequent and recent communication with a romantic partner through different forms of social media is an indicator of relational escalation, whereas limited communication has shown to be an indicator of alienation or relational de-escalation. Another study has shown that when someone focuses on relationship status and public displays of affection such as posting about activities with the
1636:
coordinating outfits in urbanized cities. "Simply observing the sheer mass availability of condoms and hyper-sexualized advertisements and may attest to China’s increasing acceptance of Public
Displays of Affection." However, traditional ideals still have a strong influence on social norms of relatively remote regions.
2040:
Due to perceptions of others’ attitudes towards interracial relationships, many interracial couples engage in certain behavioral strategies to reduce stigma and ostracism. Research shows that adolescent interracial couples tend to participate in fewer public and private activities than couples of the
2202:
are growing, with 1.7 billion users on
Facebook and over half a billion Twitter users. Studies on relationships through Facebook found that, when two individuals who are interested in one another both use Facebook regularly, their relationship progresses in different increments than it would without
1803:
Relationships outside the family become increasingly important during adolescence. Although several studies of basic social processes have been conducted by sociologists, much of the research and theorizing about adolescent relationships has been carried out by developmental psychologists. Much more
1768:
are predominantly Muslim cultures. Although public displays of affection generally do not fit the local culture and customs, it varies even among these countries. Decency laws do not allow public displays of affection. Penalties can be severe based on the action in different countries. Travellers to
2073:
with these other races. Furthermore, the presence of more individuals from each of these racial groups in these social settings correlates to more interracial friendships. Therefore, it appears that reducing the socially imposed distance between one's in-group and out-group can result in developing
2169:
across many different factors. One study found that heterosexual people had higher negative attitudes towards homosexuals of their own sex, especially if they felt that they were being targets of sexual advances. They also found that men have less negative attitudes towards homosexual females than
2032:
strongly affect interpretations of public displays of affection within this context. These attitudes are influenced by many factors, including social contact. For example, personal involvement and extended contact (media representations) with interracial and Black-White relationships are linked to
1773:
have been given jail sentences for kissing in public. In 2009 a
British couple caught publicly kissing in Dubai were deported following a three-month prison sentence. An unmarried Indian couple, who were in a taxi, were sentenced to one year in prison for hugging and kissing. The taxi driver drove
1950:
Experimental research on communication processes observed in same- and mixed-gender groups to support this idea. Although behavior observed in cross-gender task groups is relevant, intimate dyadic relationships and task groups are not equivalent social contexts. Thus, an alternative hypothesis is
2225:
television programs are less likely to demonstrate physical affection if they had a larger body type than thinner female characters. Thus, even television producers act in a way as to intentionally limit public displays of affection based on the appearance of their actors, and that might affect
1815:
and is useful in actually characterizing the nature of these relationships. These liaisons are described as highly superficial and based on unrealistic idealised expectations. Furthermore, the desire of adolescents to put on a good "front" inhibits the development of intimacy. Going steady is a
1807:
Affection or intimacy references a pattern of conduct within relationships that includes subjective assessments of attachment. This pattern of conduct is a part of a larger constellation of factors that contributes to an adolescent's development of a non-parental relationship. Sociologists have
1505:
is an important factor that influences how romantic relationships develop. Higher levels of religiosity are not directly related to the number of partners reported by the respondents. However, religious respondents report lower levels of intimate contact with their partners. It is apparent that
2157:
individuals only act in ways that contend contemporary ideals and political/economic agendas. Homosexual individuals are less likely to partake in public displays of affection because their society is extremely critical of the act. They believe that by behaving according to what society deems
1946:
Boys and girls begin the process of relating to one another, the transition is much easier for adolescent males, who essentially transport their dominant interaction styles (derived from peer interactions) into this new relationship form with the opposite sex. Public displays of affection may
2078:, opting instead to surround themselves with members of their in-group. In general, one study using survey data found that approximately half of African-American respondents versus about a quarter of Caucasian respondents approve of a close relative marrying an individual of the other race.
1635:
and is still widely used until this day. Younger generations in more developed parts of China are less afraid of displaying their affections towards their partners in public (partially affected by the emergence of
Western culture). It is common to see males and females holding hands or wear
1422:
Some organizations have rules limiting or prohibiting public displays of affection. Displays of affection in a public place, such as the street, are more likely to be objected to, than similar practices in a private place with only people from a similar cultural background present.
2262:
Studies have found physical affection to be associated with positive outcomes in romantic relationships. For instance, it has been related to the formation of attachment bonds and psychological intimacy. Physical affection has been categorized into seven different types including
2158:
appropriate, (e.g., only opposite-sex couples should partake in acts of public displays of affection), they are protecting themselves from being categorized as abnormal, odd, or deviant. Although same-sex marriage has been legal in
Portugal since June 2010 (see
2711:
2074:
more favorable attitudes towards romantic relationships between races. The problem still exists though that many people who have negative attitudes towards other races will avoid social settings where they may be exposed to other races due to ingrained
1665:'to show off love and affection') for public display of affection. The neologism quickly popularized and gained the connotation of "being lovey-dovey to piss off single people." According to a 2004 research by Weiyi Zhang, a researcher from
2226:
viewership based on social disapproval. Regardless of television portrayals, the frequency and intensity of PDA has a tendency to depend upon the cultural context as well as perceived public perceptions of the couple, including their
2053:, is likely to be exposed to another race under these exact conditions; this lack of exposure to racial diversity will further perpetuate the internal cycle of unsubstantiated prejudice. In the United States, the larger presence of
2181:
Gay and
Lesbian Anti-Violence Project declared in 2007 that "people are still verbally harassed and physically attacked daily for engaging in simple displays of affection in public. Everything changes the minute we kiss".
2502:
1603:
2033:
more positive perspectives regarding interracial relationships. Thus, personal experience and mere exposure to interracial couples tends to be related to more favorable attitudes. This finding supports the
3509:
de
Oliveira, J. M.; Costa, C. G.; Nogueira, C. (2013). "The Workings of Homonormativity: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Queer Discourses on Discrimination and Public Displays of Affections in Portugal".
1593:, it is very common to see people holding hands, hugging and sometimes kissing in public. It is not usually socially acceptable to be overly explicit, such as engaging in sexual activities.
2634:
The author's researches were made at Aigun in northern
Manchuria where the Manchu element is preserved in a purer form and less influenced by Chinese than in southern Manchuria and Peking.
2283:, and kissing on the lips. Five of these behaviors, with the exception of caressing/stroking and holding hands, have been positively associated with relationship and partner satisfaction.
1804:
research has been done in the area of specific adolescent behaviors, which has shown that these behaviors are predicted well by relationship variables to include the display of affection.
2177:
high school, two yearbook staff resigned after they were informed that they could not print the relationship page because it had a photo of two females holding hands. A spokesman for the
1627:), a Confucian scholar and philosopher, states "It is the etiquette that males and females shall not allow their hands to touch in giving or receiving anything." The exact quote writes
1708:, causing annoyance to others through "obscene acts" is a criminal offence with a punishment of imprisonment up to three months or a fine, or both. For example, in 2007, when actor
3447:
Djamba, Y. K.; Kimuna, S. R. (2014). "Are
Americans really in favor of interracial marriage? A closer look at when they are asked about Black-White marriage for their relatives".
1955:
of more negative and sometimes gendered relational dynamics that also emerge in connection with romantic involvements stalking, intrusive control efforts, violence, and the like.
2150:, it is considered indicative of homosexuality. Public displays of affection tend to be determined largely by culture, which greatly influences perceptions of same-sex PDA.
1688:
personally believed the Manchu element were "purer" than those of Southern Manchuria and Peking (now Beijing), used to show affection for their children by performing
3897:
Diamond, L. M. (2000). "Are friends as good as lovers? Attachment, physical affection, and effects on cardiovascular arousal in young women's closest relationships".
2207:, pictures, and interests. Once a relationship begins, some couples broadcast their relationship with posts, such as pictures and changing the relationship status.
3645:
3749:
Fox, J.; Warber, K. M.; Makstaller, D. C. (2013). "The role of Facebook in romantic relationship development: An exploration of Knapp's Relational Stage Model".
3168:
Lienemann, B. A.; Stopp, H. T. (2013). "The association between media exposure of interracial relationships and attitudes towards interracial relationships".
2138:
Public displays of affection between individuals of the same sex may or may not suggest homosexuality depending on the cultural context. For example, in many
2203:
social media. After two people meet and form an interest, one or both individuals will go on to the other person's Facebook page and get information such as
2886:
Giordano, P. C.; Cernkovich, S. A.; Holland, D. (2003). "Changes in friendship relationships over the life course: Implications for desistance from crime".
2476:
2759:
2732:
2691:
2295:
is a phrase that is usually said when one feels a sense of disapproval after seeing what they consider to be an excessive public display of affection.
2190:
Expression of a person's feelings towards someone else had previously been limited to written letters, phone calls, or in person. In the modern world,
1716:
in an AIDS awareness event in New Delhi, a warrant for his arrest was issued by an Indian court, which was overturned by a higher court. However, the
1601:
Historically, the Chinese have regarded most to all physical contact between opposite sex as unacceptable. The earliest iconic record of such view is
3916:
Mackey, R. A.; Diemer, M. A.; O'Brien, B. A. (2000). "Psychological intimacy in the lasting relationships of heterosexual and same-gender couples".
3784:
Sosik, V. S.; Bazarova, N. N. (2014). "Relational maintenance on social network sites: How Facebook communication predicts relational escalation".
2712:"Shilpa Shetty: Richard Gere kissing incident, love affair with Akshay Kumar, Raj Kundra pornography case: 5 times Shilpa Shetty made headlines"
1985:
1669:, the dissemination of PDA culture in China is largely ascribed to an ultramodern desire to gain public recognition and reality confirmation.
2786:
767:
2142:
it is socially acceptable for people of the same sex to participate in public displays of affection, whereas in other countries such as the
2661:
999:
49:
3588:
96:
3412:
Perry, S. L. (2013). "Racial composition of social settings, interracial friendship, and whites' attitudes toward interracial marriage".
2446:
68:
2108:
3296:
Powers, D. A.; Ellison, C. J. (1995). "Interracial contact and black racial attitudes: The contact hypothesis and selectivity bias".
3483:
2166:
75:
3690:
2153:
Intolerance for homosexual PDA is commonplace in large swathes of society in many different cultures. For instance, in Portugal,
2087:
2984:
Simon, R. W.; Eder, D.; Evans, C. (1992). "The development of feeling norms underlying romantic love among adolescent females".
3720:
3350:
Vaquera, E.; Kao, G. (2005). "Private and public displays of affection among interracial and intra-racial adolescent couples".
3224:
Jackman, M. R.; Crane, M. (1986). "Some of my best friends are black...: Interracial friendship and whites' racial attitudes".
3046:
Vaquera, E.; Kao, G. (2005). "Private and Public Displays of Affection Among Interracial and Intra-Racial Adolescent Couples".
1692:
on their male babies, placing the penis in their mouths and stimulating it, while they regarded public kissing with revulsion.
1391:
2361:
Gulledge, A. K.; Gulledge, M. H.; Stahmann, R. F. (2003). "Romantic physical affection types and relationship satisfaction".
82:
1819:
This table below shows the quality and context of displays of affection in American adolescence among intra-racial couples:
3323:
Sigelman, L.; Welch, S. (1993). "The contact hypothesis revisited: Black-white interaction and positive racial attitudes".
1705:
1426:
Physical affection has been defined as "any touch intended to arouse feelings of love in the giver and/or the recipient."
3960:
2210:
How people show their public displays of affection on social media sites can be indicative of relationship security and
64:
3649:
3552:
Whitley, B. E. (1988). "Sex Differences in Heterosexuals' Attitudes Toward Homosexuals: It Depends Upon What You Ask".
3493:
1720:
on various occasions have said that kissing or hugging between adults in public is legal. In 2009, the far-right group
3995:
3208:
2015:
1489:
760:
115:
2173:
Of course, there are negative attitudes towards same-sex or same-gender public displays of affection as well. In a
1997:
937:
4000:
2480:
53:
1128:
3672:
2159:
1336:
1092:
1083:
493:
2218:
or their feelings towards them, that person tends to be more possessive or territorial over their partner.
1947:
facilitate the demonstration of this dominant interaction style transference in a socially acceptable way.
753:
1309:
89:
1781:, holding hands has become increasingly popular especially in big cities and among younger generations.
2314:
1384:
1279:
952:
892:
800:
356:
306:
157:
2396:
Bearman, P. S.; Bruckner, H. (2001). "Promising the Future: Virginity Pledges and First Intercourse".
3819:
Bowe, G. (2010). "Reading romance: The impact Facebook rituals can have on a romantic relationship".
2552:
2029:
1993:
1737:
1471:
1363:
734:
3856:
3137:
2527:
1608:
3589:"Cultural Value Orientations, Internalized Homophobia, and Accommodation in Romantic Relationships"
1784:
1289:
887:
684:
163:
2794:
1523:
1358:
1353:
1331:
500:
42:
2669:
4010:
3851:
3132:
1774:
the couple directly to a police station. Kissing is considered "an offence to public decency".
1717:
1119:
141:
2454:
2324:
1612:
1377:
897:
679:
592:
383:
346:
2577:
2070:
1964:
1811:
Research moves into the early adolescent period when youths are old enough to say they are
1343:
1201:
1058:
870:
587:
582:
369:
8:
3197:
2204:
1685:
912:
875:
729:
365:
2246:
2065:
in neighborhoods and religious congregations significantly predicts higher support from
19:"Public affection" redirects here. For the band formerly known as Public Affection, see
3933:
3874:
3839:
3801:
3766:
3627:
3534:
3464:
3429:
3394:
3278:
3150:
3001:
2963:
2899:
2865:
2764:
2716:
2696:
2625:
2413:
2378:
2231:
2034:
1725:
1704:
if it disturbs others or creates nuisance. Same-sex physical contact is allowed. Under
1326:
1321:
1021:
976:
833:
617:
547:
137:
128:
2292:
3937:
3879:
3805:
3698:
3619:
3569:
3526:
3489:
3468:
3433:
3398:
3363:
3282:
3204:
3090:
3059:
2967:
2808:
2417:
2382:
2309:
2215:
2054:
1455:
1412:
932:
719:
689:
624:
351:
326:
181:
3770:
3728:
3631:
4005:
3925:
3869:
3861:
3793:
3758:
3611:
3603:
3561:
3538:
3518:
3456:
3421:
3386:
3359:
3332:
3305:
3268:
3260:
3233:
3177:
3142:
3082:
3055:
3028:
3019:
Thorne, B.; Luria, Z. (1986). ". Sexuality and gender in children's daily worlds".
2993:
2955:
2895:
2857:
2835:
The Adolescent Society: The Social Life of the Teenager and its Impact on Education
2692:"'Change laws according to change in society' | Kolkata News - Times of India"
2615:
2405:
2370:
2329:
2139:
1666:
1628:
1620:
1527:
1519:
1511:
1258:
1231:
543:
446:
3838:
Greenberg, B. S.; Eastin, M.; Hofschire, L.; Lachlan, K.; Brownell, K. D. (2003).
3032:
2620:
2603:
3522:
3425:
2255:
2251:
1795:
1549:
1530:
981:
860:
714:
629:
412:
3251:
Pettigrew, T. F. (1997). "Generalized intergroup contact effects on prejudice".
2946:
Merten, D. E. (1996). "Going-with: the role of a social form in early romance".
3086:
2959:
2066:
1570:
1299:
1074:
957:
907:
510:
387:
299:
3968:
3929:
3797:
3565:
2662:"Criminal Law - Indian Penal Code,1860 - Section 294 - Obscene acts and songs"
2374:
3989:
3762:
3460:
3264:
2339:
2334:
2264:
2178:
2143:
2121:
1713:
1673:
1590:
1586:
1566:
1557:
1146:
942:
917:
838:
823:
784:
662:
612:
515:
473:
268:
3899:
Dissertation Abstracts International, Section B the Sciences and Engineering
2276:
3883:
3865:
3623:
3573:
3530:
3123:
Hagan, J.; Foster, H. (2001). "Youth violence and the end of adolescence".
2648:
Social Organization of the Manchus: A Study of the Manchu Clan Organization
2191:
1812:
1757:
1741:
1721:
1709:
1515:
1465:
1348:
1044:
968:
922:
843:
828:
422:
407:
341:
3607:
3390:
3336:
3309:
3094:
1700:
Public display of affection might be regarded as socially unacceptable in
3840:"Portrayals of overweight and obese individuals on commercial television"
3073:
Maccoby, E. (1990). "Gender and relationships: a developmental account".
2211:
2097:
2075:
1578:
1502:
1461:
1415:
in the view of others. What is considered to be an acceptable display of
1304:
1294:
1284:
880:
724:
709:
647:
505:
436:
373:
221:
20:
2258:, who are married, kiss and hug each other publicly while dancing, 2010.
1561:
A male swimmer with his hands on a female swimmer's waist, United States
3181:
3154:
3005:
2869:
2304:
2222:
2125:
1507:
1316:
1053:
1011:
947:
927:
865:
853:
674:
488:
397:
361:
336:
3615:
3273:
2629:
3485:
Twins in African and Diaspora Cultures: Double Trouble, Twice Blessed
3377:
Datzman, J.; Gardner, C. B. (2008). "In My Mind, We Are All Humans".
2272:
2235:
2227:
1952:
1729:
1681:
1574:
1416:
1101:
1004:
962:
902:
848:
818:
669:
602:
552:
478:
441:
417:
331:
282:
3146:
2997:
2861:
1178:
31:
3237:
2409:
2319:
2268:
2195:
2174:
2147:
1689:
1538:
739:
597:
431:
402:
287:
277:
241:
185:
2503:"Mengzi : Li Lou I - 淳于髡曰:「男女授受不親,禮與? - Chinese Text Project"
1458:, speculative material, or accounts of events that might not occur
152:
2280:
2199:
2058:
1640:
1616:
1245:
1030:
575:
557:
538:
520:
256:
226:
194:
1639:
Following the rise of social media in the 21st century, Chinese
3837:
2062:
2050:
1761:
1733:
1732:, stating that it goes against Indian culture. In the state of
1650:
1582:
1537:, etc. The conservative Islamic schools of thought, especially
1534:
1208:
1169:
1137:
1110:
483:
251:
231:
214:
209:
204:
199:
2447:"Public Displays of Affection Abroad (PDA) - Expat Guide Asia"
3821:
Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology
1984:
deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
1770:
1765:
1701:
1677:
1222:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1081:
1072:
1065:
1063:
702:
657:
652:
562:
2760:"'Kiss of love' movement: They came, dared the mob, did it"
2477:"Kiss & Tell: A couple's guide to PDA around the world"
2154:
2120:
Two topless women hug and kiss each other in public during
1778:
1753:
1192:
1160:
792:
607:
261:
133:
2049:
Not everyone, especially those with learned biases and/or
1676:
minority ethnic group, as only researched in the 1900s in
3950:
The Michigan Journal - Volume 25, Issue 18 - Page 7, 1996
3108:
Giordano, P. C.; Longmore, M. A.; Manning, W. D. (2001).
2885:
2238:, and relationship centralized activity on social media.
3508:
2733:"Hindu extremists 'will attack Valentine's Day couples'"
2360:
3915:
3107:
3721:"STATS | Twitter Company Statistics – Statistic Brain"
1541:-oriented ones, forbid public displays of affection.
2848:
Waller, W. (1937). "The rating and dating complex".
2241:
3748:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3196:
1816:limiting factor on the adolescent social ritual.
3987:
2165:There have been many in-depth studies regarding
1553:A couple hugging at a beach in the United States
1243:
3691:"Facebook Company Statistics – Statistic Brain"
2927:
2395:
16:Acts of physical intimacy in the view of others
3376:
3167:
2983:
2915:Peer Power: Preadolescent Culture and Identity
1176:
1167:
1158:
3783:
3322:
3295:
2941:
2939:
2881:
2879:
2650:. Royal Asiatic Society. p. i, 1–6, 122.
1982:The examples and perspective in this section
1740:was held in November 2014 in protest against
1644:
1385:
1028:
1019:
761:
3751:Journal of Social and Personal Relationships
3446:
3223:
2645:
2356:
2354:
1921:Touched under clothing or with no clothes on
1419:varies with respect to culture and context.
1206:
1190:
1042:
3122:
3112:. New York, NY: Elsevier. pp. 111–139.
3018:
2928:Eder, D.; Evans, C. C.; Parker, S. (1995).
1660:
1229:
1220:
3349:
3253:Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
3110:Sociological Studies of Children and Youth
3045:
2936:
2930:School Talk: Gender and Adolescent Culture
2912:
2876:
2646:Shirokogorov, Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich (1924).
2000:, or create a new section, as appropriate.
1799:A young couple indulging in public in Rome
1474:by removing unsourced speculative content.
1392:
1378:
768:
754:
3873:
3855:
3488:. Indiana University Press. p. 221.
3272:
3250:
3136:
2619:
2351:
2016:Learn how and when to remove this message
1490:Learn how and when to remove this message
144:kiss each other after their wedding, 2013
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
2932:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University.
2917:. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University.
2578:"影像传播与亲密关系:社交网络秀恩爱仪式研究--《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文"
2245:
2167:societal attitudes towards homosexuality
1794:
1724:physically attacked couples celebrating
1556:
1548:
127:
3896:
3551:
3194:
3072:
2979:
2977:
2832:
2809:"Iran Safety and Security For Tourists"
2430:
2088:Societal attitudes toward homosexuality
1787:prohibits public display of affection.
3988:
3670:
3586:
2945:
2847:
2787:"Going to Dubai? Better Know the LAWS"
2730:
2601:
2363:The American Journal of Family Therapy
1905:They thought of themselves as a couple
3411:
2751:
2553:"China's Public Display of Affection"
3818:
3481:
3170:Journal of Applied Social Psychology
2974:
2279:, kissing the face and cheek, close
1968:
1706:section 294 of the Indian Penal Code
1438:
54:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
2948:Journal of Contemporary Ethnography
2221:A study found female characters on
2128:, a visibility march for lesbians.
13:
3646:"Colorado High School Controversy"
2900:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2003.tb00989.x
799:
14:
4022:
3844:American Journal of Public Health
2242:Effects on romantic relationships
1897:Partner said that they loved them
1889:Told partner that they loved them
1841:Said to others they were a couple
1752:Middle Eastern countries such as
1736:, a public kissing display named
3727:. September 2016. Archived from
3671:Trebay, Guy (18 February 2007).
3364:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2005.00314.x
3060:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2005.00314.x
2913:Adler, P. A.; Adler, P. (1998).
2107:
2096:
2044:
1973:
1544:
1443:
938:Passionate and companionate love
151:
30:
3953:
3944:
3909:
3890:
3831:
3812:
3777:
3742:
3713:
3683:
3664:
3638:
3580:
3545:
3502:
3475:
3440:
3405:
3370:
3343:
3316:
3289:
3244:
3217:
3188:
3161:
3116:
3101:
3066:
3039:
3012:
2921:
2906:
2841:
2826:
2801:
2779:
2731:Farmer, Ben (3 February 2009).
2724:
2704:
2684:
2654:
2639:
2595:
2185:
41:needs additional citations for
3961:"the definition of get a room"
2570:
2545:
2520:
2495:
2469:
2439:
2424:
2389:
1958:
1747:
1655:
1434:
1:
3033:10.1525/sp.1986.33.3.03a00020
2757:
2621:10.1525/aa.1924.26.4.02a00100
2398:American Journal of Sociology
2345:
2286:
2271:/holding, backrubs/massages,
2160:Same-sex marriage in Portugal
1929:Touched each other's genitals
1881:Received present from partner
1790:
65:"Public display of affection"
3697:. 9 May 2017. Archived from
3523:10.1080/00918369.2013.819221
3426:10.1016/j.soscij.2012.09.001
3379:Marriage & Family Review
3125:American Sociological Review
2850:American Sociological Review
1857:Went out together in a group
1454:possibly contains unsourced
1429:
1405:Public displays of affection
7:
3786:Computers in Human Behavior
3203:. Reading: Addison-Wesley.
2986:Social Psychology Quarterly
2298:
2132:Two gay men kiss in public.
2081:
1996:, discuss the issue on the
1510:, Catholic and Evangelical
10:
4027:
3414:The Social Science Journal
3087:10.1037/0003-066x.45.4.513
2960:10.1177/089124196024004004
2837:. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
2315:Interpersonal relationship
2085:
1962:
1466:reliable published sources
1280:Color wheel theory of love
953:Queerplatonic relationship
893:Interpersonal relationship
18:
3798:10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.044
3566:10.1080/00224498809551426
2375:10.1080/01926180390201936
2030:interracial relationships
1645:
1632:
1624:
1364:Triangular theory of love
3996:Interpersonal attraction
3763:10.1177/0265407512468370
3596:Journal of Homosexuality
3511:Journal of Homosexuality
3482:Peek, Philip M. (2011).
3461:10.1177/0021934714541840
3449:Journal of Black Studies
3352:Social Science Quarterly
3265:10.1177/0146167297232006
3226:Public Opinion Quarterly
3048:Social Science Quarterly
2431:Etzioni, Amitai (2012).
1785:Islamic religious police
1695:
1596:
1290:Biology of romantic love
888:Interpersonal attraction
3930:10.1023/A:1007028930658
3554:Journal of Sex Research
3199:The nature of prejudice
3195:Allport, G. W. (1954).
2833:Coleman, J. S. (1961).
2608:American Anthropologist
1849:Went out together alone
1524:testimony of simplicity
1359:Physical attractiveness
1145:
1136:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
4001:Intimate relationships
3866:10.2105/ajph.93.8.1342
3725:www.statisticbrain.com
3695:www.statisticbrain.com
3587:Gaines, S. O. (2005).
2528:"孟子/離婁上 - 維基文庫,自由的圖書館"
2291:In the United States,
2259:
1937:Had sexual intercourse
1873:Gave partner a present
1800:
1718:Supreme Court of India
1643:coined the expression
1562:
1554:
1460:. Information must be
1244:
1230:
1221:
1207:
1191:
1177:
1168:
1159:
1043:
1029:
1020:
805:
804:Red-outline heart icon
145:
3608:10.1300/j082v50n01_05
3391:10.1300/J002v30n01_02
3075:American Psychologist
2325:Intimate relationship
2249:
2071:interracial marriages
1865:Met partner's parents
1798:
1684:where the researcher
1613:Warring States Period
1560:
1552:
803:
576:Emotions and feelings
131:
1994:improve this section
1965:Interracial marriage
1344:Mere-exposure effect
50:improve this article
3337:10.1093/sf/71.3.781
3310:10.1093/sf/74.1.205
2602:Laufer, B. (1924).
2205:relationship status
2061:(White latins) and
1686:S. M. Shirokogoroff
913:Love at first sight
730:Narcissistic parent
142:Christopher O'Neill
3677:The New York Times
3182:10.1111/jasp.12037
2765:The Times of India
2717:The Times of India
2697:The Times of India
2557:china.davidson.edu
2260:
2232:racial composition
2035:contact hypothesis
2028:Attitudes towards
1801:
1563:
1555:
977:Unconditional love
834:Compassionate love
806:
548:marital separation
146:
138:Princess Madeleine
3971:on April 30, 2017
3701:on 25 August 2018
3673:"A Kiss Too Far?"
3652:on 6 October 2014
3517:(10): 1475–1493.
2791:Thrifty Traveling
2672:on 5 January 2018
2532:zh.wikisource.org
2310:Indecent exposure
2250:Brazilian actors
2216:significant other
2055:African-Americans
2026:
2025:
2018:
1944:
1943:
1672:Mothers from the
1663:
1611:, written in the
1604:Mencius: Li Lou I
1512:virginity pledges
1500:
1499:
1492:
1413:physical intimacy
1402:
1401:
778:
777:
735:Power and control
459:
458:
455:
454:
327:Significant other
307:Mixed-orientation
167:
126:
125:
118:
100:
4018:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3967:. Archived from
3957:
3951:
3948:
3942:
3941:
3924:(3/4): 201–227.
3913:
3907:
3906:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3877:
3859:
3850:(8): 1342–1348.
3835:
3829:
3828:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3781:
3775:
3774:
3746:
3740:
3739:
3737:
3736:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3668:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3648:. Archived from
3642:
3636:
3635:
3593:
3584:
3578:
3577:
3549:
3543:
3542:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3444:
3438:
3437:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3347:
3341:
3340:
3320:
3314:
3313:
3293:
3287:
3286:
3276:
3248:
3242:
3241:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3202:
3192:
3186:
3185:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3140:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3105:
3099:
3098:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3043:
3037:
3036:
3016:
3010:
3009:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2943:
2934:
2933:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2910:
2904:
2903:
2883:
2874:
2873:
2845:
2839:
2838:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2797:on 26 June 2014.
2793:. Archived from
2783:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2688:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2677:
2668:. Archived from
2666:Indian Law Cases
2658:
2652:
2651:
2643:
2637:
2636:
2623:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2582:cdmd.cnki.com.cn
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2563:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2499:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2479:. Archived from
2473:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2462:
2453:. Archived from
2451:Expat Guide Asia
2443:
2437:
2436:
2428:
2422:
2421:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2358:
2330:Norm (sociology)
2140:African cultures
2111:
2100:
2051:racist attitudes
2021:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1977:
1976:
1969:
1822:
1821:
1667:Fudan University
1664:
1661:
1657:
1648:
1647:
1634:
1626:
1528:Latter-day Saint
1520:outward holiness
1495:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1475:
1447:
1446:
1439:
1394:
1387:
1380:
1259:Mamihlapinatapai
1249:
1235:
1226:
1212:
1196:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1150:
1141:
1132:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1096:
1087:
1078:
1069:
1048:
1034:
1025:
780:
779:
770:
763:
756:
321:
320:
178:
177:
161:
155:
148:
147:
121:
114:
110:
107:
101:
99:
58:
34:
26:
4026:
4025:
4021:
4020:
4019:
4017:
4016:
4015:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3974:
3972:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3949:
3945:
3914:
3910:
3895:
3891:
3857:10.1.1.530.9981
3836:
3832:
3817:
3813:
3782:
3778:
3747:
3743:
3734:
3732:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3669:
3665:
3655:
3653:
3644:
3643:
3639:
3591:
3585:
3581:
3550:
3546:
3507:
3503:
3496:
3480:
3476:
3445:
3441:
3410:
3406:
3375:
3371:
3348:
3344:
3321:
3317:
3294:
3290:
3249:
3245:
3222:
3218:
3211:
3193:
3189:
3166:
3162:
3147:10.2307/3088877
3138:10.1.1.515.3673
3121:
3117:
3106:
3102:
3071:
3067:
3044:
3040:
3021:Social Problems
3017:
3013:
2998:10.2307/2786684
2982:
2975:
2944:
2937:
2926:
2922:
2911:
2907:
2884:
2877:
2862:10.2307/2083825
2846:
2842:
2831:
2827:
2817:
2815:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2785:
2784:
2780:
2770:
2768:
2756:
2752:
2742:
2740:
2729:
2725:
2720:. 29 July 2021.
2710:
2709:
2705:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2675:
2673:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2644:
2640:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2561:
2559:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2534:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2511:
2509:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2484:
2483:on 10 June 2023
2475:
2474:
2470:
2460:
2458:
2445:
2444:
2440:
2429:
2425:
2394:
2390:
2359:
2352:
2348:
2301:
2289:
2256:Giovanna Ewbank
2252:Bruno Gagliasso
2244:
2188:
2136:
2135:
2134:
2133:
2114:
2113:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2090:
2084:
2047:
2022:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1991:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1961:
1793:
1750:
1726:Valentine's Day
1698:
1599:
1565:In most of the
1547:
1531:Law of chastity
1496:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1469:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1432:
1398:
1369:
1368:
1332:Religious views
1322:Valentine's Day
1310:in Christianity
1275:
1267:
1266:
995:
987:
986:
982:Unrequited love
861:Falling in love
814:
774:
745:
744:
705:
695:
694:
680:Sexual activity
643:
635:
634:
578:
568:
567:
534:
526:
525:
469:
461:
460:
451:
427:
413:Mutual monogamy
294:
273:
175:
160:
156:
122:
111:
105:
102:
59:
57:
47:
35:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4024:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3983:
3982:
3965:Dictionary.com
3952:
3943:
3908:
3889:
3830:
3811:
3776:
3757:(6): 771–794.
3741:
3712:
3682:
3663:
3637:
3579:
3560:(1): 287–291.
3544:
3501:
3495:978-0253223074
3494:
3474:
3455:(6): 528–544.
3439:
3404:
3369:
3358:(2): 484–508.
3342:
3331:(3): 781–795.
3315:
3288:
3259:(2): 173–185.
3243:
3238:10.1086/268998
3232:(4): 459–486.
3216:
3209:
3187:
3160:
3131:(6): 874–899.
3115:
3100:
3081:(4): 513–520.
3065:
3054:(2): 484–508.
3038:
3027:(3): 176–190.
3011:
2973:
2954:(4): 462–484.
2935:
2920:
2905:
2894:(2): 293–328.
2875:
2856:(5): 727–734.
2840:
2825:
2800:
2778:
2750:
2723:
2703:
2683:
2653:
2638:
2614:(4): 540–543.
2604:"Book Reviews"
2594:
2569:
2544:
2519:
2494:
2468:
2457:on 24 May 2017
2438:
2435:. p. 152.
2423:
2410:10.1086/320295
2404:(4): 859–912.
2388:
2369:(4): 233–242.
2349:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2300:
2297:
2288:
2285:
2243:
2240:
2194:sites such as
2187:
2184:
2116:
2115:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2091:
2083:
2080:
2046:
2043:
2024:
2023:
2006:September 2023
1988:of the subject
1986:worldwide view
1981:
1979:
1972:
1960:
1957:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1930:
1926:
1925:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1854:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1842:
1838:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1792:
1789:
1749:
1746:
1742:moral policing
1697:
1694:
1598:
1595:
1571:Western Europe
1546:
1543:
1498:
1497:
1480:September 2023
1451:
1449:
1442:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1411:) are acts of
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1302:
1300:Love of Christ
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1252:
1251:
1250:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1227:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1185:
1184:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1124:
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1070:
1061:
1059:words for love
1051:
1050:
1049:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1026:
1014:
1009:
1008:
1007:
996:
993:
992:
989:
988:
985:
984:
979:
974:
973:
972:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
908:Love addiction
905:
900:
895:
890:
885:
884:
883:
878:
873:
863:
858:
857:
856:
851:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
815:
812:
811:
808:
807:
796:
795:
789:
788:
776:
775:
773:
772:
765:
758:
750:
747:
746:
743:
742:
737:
732:
727:
722:
717:
712:
706:
701:
700:
697:
696:
693:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
666:
665:
660:
655:
644:
641:
640:
637:
636:
633:
632:
627:
622:
621:
620:
615:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
579:
574:
573:
570:
569:
566:
565:
560:
555:
550:
541:
535:
532:
531:
528:
527:
524:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
497:
496:
494:Bachelor's Day
486:
481:
476:
470:
467:
466:
463:
462:
457:
456:
453:
452:
450:
449:
444:
439:
434:
428:
426:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
394:
391:
390:
380:
379:
378:
377:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
317:
316:
312:
311:
310:
309:
304:
303:
302:
300:Group marriage
293:
292:
291:
290:
285:
274:
272:
271:
266:
265:
264:
259:
248:
245:
244:
237:
236:
235:
234:
229:
224:
219:
218:
217:
212:
202:
197:
189:
188:
176:
173:
172:
169:
168:
140:of Sweden and
124:
123:
38:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4023:
4012:
4011:Public sphere
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3970:
3966:
3962:
3956:
3947:
3939:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3923:
3919:
3912:
3904:
3900:
3893:
3885:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3834:
3826:
3822:
3815:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3780:
3772:
3768:
3764:
3760:
3756:
3752:
3745:
3731:on 2014-08-31
3730:
3726:
3722:
3716:
3700:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3678:
3674:
3667:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3613:
3609:
3605:
3602:(1): 97–117.
3601:
3597:
3590:
3583:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3548:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3505:
3497:
3491:
3487:
3486:
3478:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3400:
3396:
3392:
3388:
3385:(1–2): 5–24.
3384:
3380:
3373:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3346:
3338:
3334:
3330:
3326:
3325:Social Forces
3319:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3298:Social Forces
3292:
3284:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3254:
3247:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3212:
3210:9780201001754
3206:
3201:
3200:
3191:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3171:
3164:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3119:
3111:
3104:
3096:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3069:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3049:
3042:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3007:
3003:
2999:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2980:
2978:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2942:
2940:
2931:
2924:
2916:
2909:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2880:
2871:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2851:
2844:
2836:
2829:
2814:
2813:Let's Go Iran
2810:
2804:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2782:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2754:
2738:
2737:Telegraph, UK
2734:
2727:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2700:. 3 May 2018.
2699:
2698:
2693:
2687:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2649:
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2635:
2631:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2583:
2579:
2573:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2482:
2478:
2472:
2456:
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2448:
2442:
2434:
2427:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2392:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2357:
2355:
2350:
2341:
2340:Sex in public
2338:
2336:
2335:Platonic love
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2296:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2265:holding hands
2257:
2253:
2248:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2208:
2206:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2180:
2179:New York City
2176:
2171:
2168:
2163:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2144:United States
2141:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:New York City
2119:
2110:
2099:
2089:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2045:United States
2042:
2038:
2036:
2031:
2020:
2017:
2009:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1987:
1980:
1971:
1970:
1966:
1956:
1954:
1948:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1817:
1814:
1809:
1805:
1797:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1780:
1775:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1745:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1714:Shilpa Shetty
1711:
1707:
1703:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1670:
1668:
1658:
1652:
1642:
1637:
1630:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1594:
1592:
1591:Latin America
1588:
1587:United States
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1567:Western world
1559:
1551:
1545:Western world
1542:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1514:, Anabaptist
1513:
1509:
1504:
1494:
1491:
1483:
1473:
1467:
1464:and based on
1463:
1459:
1457:
1452:This section
1450:
1441:
1440:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1395:
1390:
1388:
1383:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1270:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1203:
1200:
1195:
1194:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1171:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1149:
1148:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1077:
1076:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1001:
998:
997:
991:
990:
983:
980:
978:
975:
971:
970:
966:
965:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
943:Platonic love
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
918:Love triangle
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
868:
867:
864:
862:
859:
855:
852:
850:
847:
846:
845:
842:
840:
839:Conjugal love
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
816:
813:Types of love
810:
809:
802:
798:
797:
794:
791:
790:
786:
782:
781:
771:
766:
764:
759:
757:
752:
751:
749:
748:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
704:
699:
698:
691:
688:
686:
685:Transgression
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
664:
661:
659:
656:
654:
651:
650:
649:
646:
645:
639:
638:
631:
628:
626:
623:
619:
618:Unconditional
616:
614:
611:
610:
609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
584:
581:
580:
577:
572:
571:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
545:
542:
540:
537:
536:
530:
529:
522:
519:
517:
516:Singles event
514:
512:
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
495:
492:
491:
490:
487:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
471:
465:
464:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
429:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
395:
393:
392:
389:
385:
382:
381:
375:
371:
367:
363:
360:
358:
357:Queerplatonic
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
328:
325:
324:
323:
322:
319:
318:
314:
313:
308:
305:
301:
298:
297:
296:
295:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
279:
276:
275:
270:
269:Open marriage
267:
263:
260:
258:
255:
254:
253:
250:
249:
247:
246:
243:
239:
238:
233:
230:
228:
225:
223:
220:
216:
213:
211:
208:
207:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
193:
192:
191:
190:
187:
183:
180:
179:
171:
170:
165:
159:
158:Relationships
154:
150:
149:
143:
139:
135:
130:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
3973:. Retrieved
3969:the original
3964:
3955:
3946:
3921:
3917:
3911:
3902:
3898:
3892:
3847:
3843:
3833:
3824:
3820:
3814:
3789:
3785:
3779:
3754:
3750:
3744:
3733:. Retrieved
3729:the original
3724:
3715:
3703:. Retrieved
3699:the original
3694:
3685:
3676:
3666:
3654:. Retrieved
3650:the original
3640:
3599:
3595:
3582:
3557:
3553:
3547:
3514:
3510:
3504:
3484:
3477:
3452:
3448:
3442:
3417:
3413:
3407:
3382:
3378:
3372:
3355:
3351:
3345:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3301:
3297:
3291:
3256:
3252:
3246:
3229:
3225:
3219:
3198:
3190:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3128:
3124:
3118:
3109:
3103:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3024:
3020:
3014:
2992:(1): 29–46.
2989:
2985:
2951:
2947:
2929:
2923:
2914:
2908:
2891:
2887:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2834:
2828:
2816:. Retrieved
2812:
2803:
2795:the original
2790:
2781:
2769:. Retrieved
2763:
2753:
2741:. Retrieved
2736:
2726:
2715:
2706:
2695:
2686:
2674:. Retrieved
2670:the original
2665:
2656:
2647:
2641:
2633:
2611:
2607:
2597:
2585:. Retrieved
2581:
2572:
2560:. Retrieved
2556:
2547:
2535:. Retrieved
2531:
2522:
2510:. Retrieved
2506:
2497:
2485:. Retrieved
2481:the original
2471:
2459:. Retrieved
2455:the original
2450:
2441:
2432:
2426:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2366:
2362:
2293:"get a room"
2290:
2261:
2220:
2209:
2192:social media
2189:
2186:Social media
2172:
2164:
2152:
2137:
2129:
2117:
2048:
2039:
2027:
2012:
2003:
1983:
1949:
1945:
1818:
1813:going steady
1810:
1806:
1802:
1783:
1776:
1758:Saudi Arabia
1751:
1738:Kiss of Love
1722:Sri Ram Sena
1710:Richard Gere
1699:
1680:of Northern
1671:
1654:
1638:
1615:), in which
1602:
1600:
1564:
1518:, Methodist
1516:plain people
1501:
1486:
1477:
1470:Please help
1453:
1425:
1421:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1349:Sacred Heart
1337:love deities
1257:
1045:Amour-propre
994:Social views
969:Amour de soi
967:
923:Lovesickness
844:Courtly love
829:Broken heart
423:Polyfidelity
408:Non-monogamy
352:Life partner
342:Cohabitation
112:
106:January 2023
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
3975:11 February
3792:: 124–131.
3304:: 205–226.
3176:: 398–415.
2888:Criminology
2487:8 September
2212:personality
2076:stereotypes
1959:Interracial
1828:Percentage
1748:Middle East
1579:New Zealand
1503:Religiosity
1456:predictions
1435:Religiosity
1305:Love of God
1295:Love letter
1285:Bhakti yoga
1240:Portuguese
854:troubadours
648:Bride price
506:Meet market
437:Concubinage
222:Grandparent
21:Live (band)
3990:Categories
3735:2014-10-03
3616:1871/17366
3274:11655/5040
2771:3 November
2743:16 October
2676:10 October
2461:10 October
2346:References
2305:Friendship
2287:Convention
2223:prime-time
2126:Dyke March
2086:See also:
2067:Caucasians
1963:See also:
1833:Held hands
1791:Adolescent
1569:, such as
1508:sharia law
1472:improve it
1462:verifiable
1354:Similarity
1327:Philosophy
1317:Love magic
1012:Patriotism
948:Puppy love
928:Lovestruck
866:Friendship
690:Repression
675:Infidelity
588:Attachment
489:Engagement
468:Activities
362:Friendship
337:Girlfriend
315:Partner(s)
76:newspapers
3938:142528528
3918:Sex Roles
3852:CiteSeerX
3806:206615898
3705:3 October
3656:3 October
3469:144770663
3434:144047097
3420:: 13–22.
3399:142245559
3283:146540310
3133:CiteSeerX
2968:144845466
2758:B, Viju.
2507:ctext.org
2433:Hot Spots
2418:142684938
2383:145484896
2273:caressing
2236:sexuality
2228:age group
1998:talk page
1953:aetiology
1730:Mangalore
1682:Manchuria
1656:xiù ēn'ài
1575:Australia
1533:, Judaic
1522:, Quaker
1430:Worldwide
1417:affection
1102:Philautia
1005:Free love
1000:Anarchist
963:Self-love
903:Limerence
871:cross-sex
849:courtship
819:Affection
670:Hypergamy
642:Practices
630:Sexuality
603:Limerence
563:Widowhood
553:Annulment
479:Courtship
442:Courtesan
418:Polyamory
370:cross-sex
332:Boyfriend
283:Polyandry
3884:12893625
3827:: 61–77.
3771:46280853
3632:18723729
3624:16368666
3574:22375663
3531:24059969
2739:. London
2320:Intimacy
2299:See also
2277:stroking
2269:cuddling
2196:Facebook
2175:Colorado
2148:Portugal
2082:Same-sex
1992:You may
1825:Behavior
1690:fellatio
1641:netizens
1633:「男女授受不親」
1609:孟子 · 離婁上
1539:Salafism
1274:Concepts
1187:Islamic
1016:Chinese
898:Intimacy
876:romantic
785:a series
783:Part of
740:Stalking
720:Domestic
613:Platonic
598:Jealousy
593:Intimacy
583:Affinity
447:Mistress
432:Cicisbeo
403:Monogamy
384:Intimate
366:romantic
347:Same-sex
288:Polygyny
278:Polygamy
242:marriage
186:adoptive
132:Wedding
4006:Kissing
3905:: 4272.
3875:1447967
3539:6744382
3155:3088877
3095:2186679
3006:2786684
2870:2083825
2587:18 June
2562:18 June
2537:18 June
2512:18 June
2200:Twitter
2130:Bottom:
2059:Latinos
1712:kissed
1629:Chinese
1621:Chinese
1617:Mencius
1254:Yaghan
1246:Saudade
1232:Caritas
1155:Indian
1039:French
1031:Yuanfen
958:Romance
933:Passion
824:Bonding
725:Elderly
663:service
625:Passion
558:Divorce
539:Breakup
533:Endings
521:Wedding
511:Romance
474:Bonding
364: (
257:Husband
227:Sibling
195:Kinship
182:Genetic
164:Outline
90:scholar
3936:
3882:
3872:
3854:
3804:
3769:
3630:
3622:
3572:
3537:
3529:
3492:
3467:
3432:
3397:
3281:
3207:
3153:
3135:
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