542:, such that the pathogen causes little or no harm to the insect, but causes a major disease which can reduce citrus quality, flavor, and production, as well as causing citrus trees to die. ACP was found in Florida in 1998, and has since spread across the southern US into Texas. This disease was found in Florida citrus groves in 2005. Management methods to reduce the spread of this disease and psyllid populations depend on an integrated pest management approach using insecticides, parasitoids, predators, and pathogens specific to ACP. Due to the spread of citrus greening worldwide and the growing importance of psyllid-spread diseases, an International Psyllid Genome Consortium was established. Insect genomics provides important information on the genetic basis of the pest's biology which may be altered to suppress psyllid populations in an environmentally friendly manner. The emerging psyllid genome continues to elucidate psyllid biology, expanding what is known about gene families, genetic variation, and gene expression in insects. Thus far, two new psyllid viruses have been discovered, and are being examined as potential biological control agents to reduce psyllid populations. Psyllid cell cultures have also been established by several researchers working with virus propagation, and as a system to propagate
36:
484:
104:
126:
512:
546:
for molecular studies on infection and replication. Studies on the microbiota have also identified four new species of bacteria. Thus far, 10 microbial organisms have been identified within these psyllids, among them the primary endosymbiont, whose genome has been sequenced and posted at the NCBI
827:
Boykin, L. M.; Bagnall, R. A. N.; Frohlich, D. R.; Hall, D. G.; Hunter, W. B.; Katsar, C. S.; McKenzie, C. L.; Rosell, R. C.; Shatters Jr., R. G. (2007). "Twelve polymorphic microsatellite loci from the Asian citrus psyllid,
249:
of small plant-feeding insects that tend to be very host-specific, i.e. each plant-louse species only feeds on one plant species (monophagous) or feeds on a few closely related plants (oligophagous). Together with
503:
and cospeciation, referring to whether plant speciation drives insect speciation and vice versa, though most herbivorous insects probably evolved long after the plants on which they feed.
290:
was paralleled by a massive diversification of associated insects, and many of the morphological and metabolic characters that the flowering plants exhibit may have evolved as
855:"Diaphorina citri(Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Infection and Dissemination of the Entomopathogenic FungusIsaria fumosorosea(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) Under Laboratory Conditions"
459:
431:
361:
1859:
2917:
2580:
2321:
2081:
1906:
699:"A Review of Afrotropical Plant-Lice of the Genus Moraniella, with Description of a New Species (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Psyllidae: Rhinocolinae)"
403:
340:
2590:
2279:
2253:
452:
389:
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634:
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347:
410:
333:
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732:
Marutani-Hert, M.; Hunter, W. B.; Hall, D. G. (2009). "Establishment of Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) primary cultures".
471:
Some genera, including agriculturally important pest species, have been classed as
Psyllidae, but may now classified in the family
274:). They have traditionally been considered a single family, Psyllidae, but recent classifications divide the group into a total of
278:; the present restricted definition still includes more than 70 genera in the Psyllidae. Psyllid fossils have been found from the
2930:
2935:
961:
79:
57:
50:
2870:
2961:
2883:
526:
291:
2943:
664:"Distribution of the Eggs of the Mopane PsyllidRetroacizzia mopani(Hemiptera: Psyllidae) on the Mopane Tree"
771:"Reovirus-Like Sequences Isolated from Adult Asian Citrus Psyllid, (Hemiptera: Psyllidae:Diaphorina citri)"
3038:
2800:
2777:
923:
900:
596:"Nymphal Behaviour and Lerp Construction in the Mopane PsyllidRetroacizzia mopani(Hemiptera: Psyllidae)"
2805:
931:
908:
769:
Marutani-Hert, M.; Hunter, W. B.; Katsar, C. S.; Sinisterra, X. H.; Hall, D. G.; Powell, C. A. (2009).
3010:
125:
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17:
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44:
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Avery, P. B.; Hunter, W. B.; Hall, D. G.; Jackson, M. A.; Powell, C. A.; Rogers, M. E. (2009).
61:
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8:
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947:
757:
120:
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1262:
854:
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570:
534:, is an example of a plant pathogen that has coevolved with its insect vector, the "
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Hunter, WB; Dowd, SE; Katsar, CS; Shatters Jr, RG; McKenzie, CL; Hall, DG. (2009).
782:
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2018:
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745:
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1087:
1067:
662:
Oppong, C. K.; Addo-Bediako, A.; Potgieter, M. J.; Wessels, D. C. J. (2009).
594:
Oppong, C. K.; Addo-Bediako, A.; Potgieter, M. J.; Wessels, D. C. J. (2010).
492:
270:, which is considered to be the most "primitive" group within the true bugs (
939:
2613:
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2289:
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2210:
2193:
2179:
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2120:
2112:
1958:
1945:
1911:
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1471:
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2818:
2575:
2534:
2516:
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1972:
1614:
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1405:
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1157:
1144:
1082:
1072:
1051:
582:
445:
396:
368:
310:
287:
279:
275:
197:
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evolved. The explosive diversification of the flowering plants in the
2909:
2852:
2595:
2555:
2547:
2487:
2472:
2446:
2344:
2218:
1997:
1989:
1953:
1804:
1655:
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1492:
1379:
1209:
1002:
990:
971:
549:
472:
417:
298:
271:
207:
177:
157:
137:
2896:
2711:
499:
Insect-plant interactions have been important in defining models of
2857:
2813:
2734:
2660:
2603:
2503:
2495:
2415:
2352:
2313:
2226:
2133:
2010:
1937:
1825:
1812:
1564:
1556:
1442:
1350:
1342:
1257:
1244:
1229:
1219:
1008:
798:"Psyllid biology: expressed genes in adult "Asian citrus psyllid",
768:
306:
263:
832:
Kuwayama, the vector for citrus greening disease, huanglongbing".
661:
593:
2608:
2570:
2271:
2263:
2146:
2026:
1267:
326:
1113:
1097:
996:
984:
438:
167:
147:
3005:
2684:
2166:
1677:
1363:
251:
2844:
795:
826:
731:
1511:(cottony cushion scales, giant coccids, ground pearls)
852:
734:
In Vitro
Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal
2691:. Heteroptera with Coleorrhyncha were referred to as
305:" over their bodies, presumably to conceal them from
321:The following list is currently subject to review:
297:Several genera of psyllids, especially among the
3025:
696:
2300:(assassin bugs, wheel bugs, thread-legged bugs)
1928:
1705:
530:, associated with the presence of a bacterium
969:
955:
1028:
1328:
891:Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences
962:
948:
102:
870:
817:
786:
722:
687:
641:(in French, English, Spanish, and German)
619:
80:Learn how and when to remove this message
637:The World Psylloidea Database: Psyllidae
510:
482:
43:This article includes a list of general
652:International Psyllid Genome Consortium
14:
3026:
2716:
2715:
1676:
1327:
1027:
943:
3011:C46C5928-7768-FFE4-0385-94D1FDC1FB1F
2972:e82d6af3-8ce3-4f8a-b5b7-d87c42fd3caf
2884:b01c1ee4-2de8-4714-8bca-2b7854b4a72e
2454:(jewel bugs or metallic shield bugs)
292:defenses against herbivorous insects
29:
2266:(plant bugs, leaf bugs, grass bugs)
2213:(minute pirate bugs or flower bugs)
1870:(marsh treaders or water measurers)
697:Burckhardt, D.; Kotrba, M. (2009).
24:
506:
466:
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
3055:
3044:Insect vectors of plant pathogens
2405:(giant shield bugs and relatives)
1160:(typical treehoppers, thorn bugs)
880:
301:fauna, secrete coverings called "
935:, hackberry petiole gall psyllid
846:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01831.x
124:
34:
2598:(milkweed bugs, true seed bugs)
2506:(squash bugs, leaf-footed bugs)
1773:(unique-headed bugs, gnat bugs)
524:Citrus greening, also known as
2029:(water scorpions, needle bugs)
645:
628:
587:
575:
563:
478:
13:
1:
556:
266:, they form the group called
7:
2655:(red bugs, cotton stainers)
819:10.2174/1874407900903010018
806:The Open Entomology Journal
10:
3060:
910:Boreioglycaspis melaleucae
2724:
2676:
2643:
2533:
2486:
2372:
2343:
2334:
2201:
2192:
2162:
2132:
2111:
2090:
2067:
2038:
2009:
1988:
1971:
1924:
1889:
1858:
1837:
1803:
1786:
1756:
1747:
1701:
1697:
1672:
1613:
1584:
1482:(pupillarial palm scales)
1388:
1362:
1341:
1337:
1323:
1195:
1178:
1130:
1096:
1050:
1041:
1037:
1023:
979:
902:Blastopsylla occidentalis
746:10.1007/s11626-009-9188-3
316:
225:
220:
121:Scientific classification
119:
110:
101:
96:
518:Eucalyptus camaldulensis
1596:(woolly conifer aphids)
925:Glycaspis brimblecombei
834:Molecular Ecology Notes
547:database, as well as a
64:more precise citations.
2519:(scentless plant bugs)
1519:(Mediterranean scales)
927:, red gum lerp psyllid
919:, Asian citrus psyllid
532:Liberibacter asiaticum
521:
496:
2993:Paleobiology Database
2663:(bordered plant bugs)
2436:(includes ebony bugs)
2102:(creeping water bugs)
887:University of Florida
724:10.5733/afin.050.0206
703:African Invertebrates
689:10.5733/afin.050.0107
668:African Invertebrates
621:10.5733/afin.051.0105
600:African Invertebrates
514:
489:Austrochardia acaciae
486:
2879:Fauna Europaea (new)
2634:(ash-grey leaf bugs)
2626:(atypical seed bugs)
2292:(old world bat bugs)
2221:(bed bugs, bat bugs)
2149:(pygmy backswimmers)
2058:(velvety shore bugs)
1650:(jumping plant lice)
904:, eucalyptus psyllid
872:10.1653/024.092.0413
859:Florida Entomologist
788:10.1653/024.092.0216
775:Florida Entomologist
536:Asian citrus psyllid
111:Hackberry psyllid –
2498:(broad-headed bugs)
1849:(velvet water bugs)
1437:(ornate pit scales)
933:Pachypsylla venusta
715:2009AfrIn..50..287B
680:2009AfrIn..50..185O
612:2010AfrIn..51..201O
583:Pachypsylla species
495:, Central Australia
27:Family of true bugs
3039:Hemiptera families
2021:(giant water bugs)
1948:(spiny shore bugs)
1881:Paraphrynoveliidae
1794:(semiaquatic bugs)
1749:Enicocephalomorpha
1543:(phenacoleachiids)
1541:Phenacoleachiidae
1503:(false pit scales)
1501:Lecanodiaspididae
894:Featured Creatures
522:
497:
239:jumping plant lice
3021:
3020:
2980:Open Tree of Life
2718:Taxon identifiers
2709:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2672:
2671:
2664:
2656:
2635:
2627:
2624:Rhyparochromidae
2599:
2551:
2520:
2507:
2499:
2468:
2455:
2437:
2419:
2406:
2398:
2395:Acanthosomatidae
2382:
2364:
2356:
2330:
2329:
2317:
2309:
2308:(royal palm bugs)
2306:Thaumastocoridae
2301:
2293:
2275:
2267:
2234:
2222:
2214:
2188:
2187:
2158:
2157:
2150:
2124:
2103:
2059:
2051:
2030:
2022:
2001:
1981:
1979:(true water bugs)
1967:
1966:
1949:
1941:
1920:
1919:
1899:
1871:
1850:
1829:
1816:
1796:
1782:
1781:
1774:
1743:
1742:
1692:
1668:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1651:
1605:
1597:
1576:
1568:
1567:(giant mealybugs)
1560:
1552:
1549:Phoenicococcidae
1544:
1536:
1528:
1520:
1512:
1504:
1496:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1459:
1446:
1438:
1430:
1422:
1414:
1411:Asterolecaniidae
1398:
1372:
1354:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1263:Hypochthonellidae
1253:
1188:
1174:
1173:
1161:
1148:
1122:
1106:
1060:
571:Hackberry Psyllid
232:
231:
216:
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
3051:
3014:
3013:
3001:
3000:
2988:
2987:
2975:
2974:
2965:
2964:
2952:
2951:
2949:NBNSYS0000160830
2939:
2938:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2900:
2899:
2887:
2886:
2874:
2873:
2861:
2860:
2848:
2847:
2835:
2834:
2822:
2821:
2809:
2808:
2796:
2795:
2786:
2785:
2773:
2772:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2713:
2712:
2683:are a different
2678:
2662:
2654:
2633:
2625:
2597:
2566:Cryptorhamphidae
2561:Colobathristidae
2549:
2518:
2505:
2497:
2466:
2453:
2435:
2418:(burrowing bugs)
2417:
2404:
2396:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2362:
2361:Termitaphididae
2354:
2341:
2340:
2315:
2307:
2299:
2291:
2273:
2265:
2231:Curalium cronini
2228:
2220:
2212:
2199:
2198:
2172:
2164:
2163:
2148:
2122:
2101:
2069:Aphelocheiroidea
2057:
2049:
2028:
2020:
1999:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1947:
1939:
1926:
1925:
1900:
1898:
1897:(water treaders)
1895:
1869:
1848:
1827:
1815:(water striders)
1814:
1801:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1772:
1771:Enicocephalidae
1766:Aenictopecheidae
1758:Enicocephaloidea
1754:
1753:
1703:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1691:
1685:
1682:
1674:
1673:
1649:
1603:
1595:
1574:
1566:
1558:
1550:
1542:
1534:
1526:
1518:
1510:
1502:
1494:
1481:
1473:
1466:(armored scales)
1465:
1457:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1412:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1352:
1339:
1338:
1325:
1324:
1251:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1159:
1146:
1120:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1048:
1047:
1039:
1038:
1025:
1024:
964:
957:
950:
941:
940:
917:Diaphorina citri
876:
874:
849:
830:Diaphorina citri
823:
821:
800:Diaphorina citri
792:
790:
765:
728:
726:
693:
691:
654:
649:
643:
642:
632:
626:
625:
623:
591:
585:
579:
573:
567:
540:Diaphorina citri
515:Psyllid pest of
460:Tetragonocephela
284:flowering plants
211:
129:
128:
106:
94:
93:
85:
78:
74:
71:
65:
60:this article by
51:inline citations
38:
37:
30:
21:
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2768:
2763:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2720:
2710:
2697:
2668:
2639:
2619:Pachygronthidae
2586:Heterogastridae
2529:
2525:Stenocephalidae
2482:
2429:Parastrachiidae
2424:Thaumastellidae
2403:Tessaratomidae
2379:
2377:
2376:
2368:
2336:Pentatomomorpha
2326:
2184:
2171:(Coleorrhyncha)
2170:
2169:
2168:Peloridiomorpha
2154:
2128:
2107:
2086:
2077:Aphelocheiridae
2063:
2048:Gelastocoridae
2034:
2019:Belostomatidae
2005:
2000:(water boatmen)
1978:
1976:
1975:
1963:
1930:Leptopodomorpha
1916:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1885:
1854:
1833:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1778:
1739:
1735:Stemmocryptidae
1725:Hypsipterygidae
1707:Dipsocoromorpha
1693:
1689:
1683:
1660:
1643:Phacopteronidae
1609:
1580:
1575:(stictococcids)
1573:Stictococcidae
1557:Pseudococcidae
1535:(ensign scales)
1480:Halimococcidae
1396:(scale insects)
1395:
1393:
1392:
1384:
1369:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1333:
1307:
1298:Tettigometridae
1185:
1183:
1182:
1170:
1126:
1121:(hairy cicadas)
1119:Tettigarctidae
1103:
1101:
1100:
1092:
1057:
1055:
1054:
1033:
1031:Auchenorrhyncha
1019:
975:
968:
883:
658:
657:
650:
646:
640:
633:
629:
592:
588:
580:
576:
569:Cirrus Digital
568:
564:
559:
544:C. liberibacter
509:
507:Status as pests
481:
469:
467:Higher taxonomy
432:Prosopidopsylla
362:Boreioglycaspis
319:
210:
123:
86:
75:
69:
66:
56:Please help to
55:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3057:
3047:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3002:
2989:
2976:
2966:
2953:
2940:
2927:
2914:
2901:
2888:
2875:
2866:Fauna Europaea
2862:
2849:
2836:
2823:
2810:
2797:
2787:
2774:
2761:
2746:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2707:
2706:
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19:
2725:
2632:Piesmatidae
2614:Oxycarenidae
2591:Idiostolidae
2550:(stilt bugs)
2467:(stink bugs)
2280:Pachynomidae
2254:Medocostidae
2249:Lyctocoridae
2230:
2194:Cimicomorpha
2180:Peloridiidae
1959:Aepophilidae
1940:(shore bugs)
1912:Mesoveliidae
1720:Dipsocoridae
1633:Carsidaridae
1533:Ortheziidae
1495:(lac scales)
1464:Diaspididae
1458:(cochineals)
1421:(beesoniids)
1419:Beesoniidae
1413:(pit scales)
1353:(whiteflies)
1351:Aleyrodidae
1343:Aleyrodoidea
1215:Achilixiidae
1158:Membracidae
1140:Aetalionidae
1132:Membracoidea
1043:Cicadomorpha
1015:Paraneoptera
1013:Superorder:
1007:Infraclass:
932:
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451:
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425:Heteropsylla
423:
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409:
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395:
390:Ctenarytaina
388:
383:Cryptoneossa
381:
376:Chamaepsylla
374:
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355:Blastopsylla
353:
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296:
256:phylloxerans
242:
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112:
91:
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67:
48:
2905:iNaturalist
2750:Wikispecies
2689:Heteroptera
2543:Artheneidae
2517:Rhopalidae
2478:Megarididae
2460:Plataspidae
2442:Lestoniidae
2411:Dinidoridae
2355:(flat bugs)
2316:(lace bugs)
2298:Reduviidae
2239:Joppeicidae
2227:Curaliidae
2100:Naucoridae
2092:Naucoroidea
2056:Ochteridae
2050:(toad bugs)
2040:Ochteroidea
1788:Gerromorpha
1680:Heteroptera
1638:Homotomidae
1628:Calophyidae
1623:Aphalaridae
1559:(mealybugs)
1288:Nogodinidae
1283:Meenoplidae
1250:Fulgoridae
1225:Delphacidae
1197:Fulgoroidea
1052:Cercopoidea
840:(6): 1202.
635:Ouvrard D,
501:coevolution
487:Red lerps (
479:Coevolution
348:Arytainilla
282:before the
62:introducing
3028:Categories
2596:Lygaeidae
2576:Geocoridae
2548:Berytidae
2535:Lygaeoidea
2219:Cimicidae
2203:Cimicoidea
1998:Corixidae
1990:Corixoidea
1973:Nepomorpha
1648:Psyllidae
1615:Psylloidea
1594:Adelgidae
1493:Kerriidae
1488:Kermesidae
1406:Aclerdidae
1364:Aphidoidea
1293:Ricaniidae
1278:Lophopidae
1273:Kinnaridae
1098:Cicadoidea
1083:Epipygidae
1073:Cercopidae
1001:Subclass:
991:Arthropoda
865:(4): 608.
781:(2): 314.
709:(2): 287.
557:References
446:Psyllopsis
411:Euphyllura
397:Diaphorina
369:Cacopsylla
334:Agonoscena
299:Australian
288:Cretaceous
264:whiteflies
198:Psylloidea
184:Suborder:
158:Arthropoda
113:Pachysylla
45:references
3034:Psyllidae
2783:PSYLLIDAE
2770:Psyllidae
2756:Psyllidae
2726:Psyllidae
2661:Largidae
2556:Blissidae
2504:Coreidae
2496:Alydidae
2488:Coreoidea
2473:Canopidae
2447:Phloeidae
2416:Cydnidae
2353:Aradidae
2345:Aradoidea
2314:Tingidae
1954:Omaniidae
1938:Saldidae
1847:Hebridae
1839:Hebroidea
1826:Veliidae
1813:Gerridae
1805:Gerroidea
1678:Suborder
1656:Triozidae
1565:Putoidae
1443:Coccidae
1390:Coccoidea
1380:Aphididae
1329:Suborder
1210:Achilidae
1114:Cicadidae
1104:(cicadas)
1029:Suborder
1003:Pterygota
983:Kingdom:
972:Hemiptera
812:: 18–29.
802:Kuwayama"
553:species.
550:Wolbachia
473:Triozidae
418:Glycaspis
311:parasites
307:predators
272:Hemiptera
235:Psyllidae
227:See text
213:Latreille
208:Psyllidae
178:Hemiptera
144:Kingdom:
138:Eukaryota
70:July 2011
18:Psyllidae
2814:BugGuide
2790:BioLib:
2735:Wikidata
2604:Malcidae
2272:Nabidae
2264:Miridae
2147:Pleidae
2134:Pleoidea
2027:Nepidae
2011:Nepoidea
1370:(aphids)
1258:Gengidae
1245:Flatidae
1230:Derbidae
1220:Cixiidae
1009:Neoptera
989:Phylum:
985:Animalia
974:families
896:website
754:19440802
538:", ACP,
245:, are a
243:psyllids
204:Family:
154:Phylum:
148:Animalia
134:Domain:
97:Psyllid
2741:Q628572
2609:Ninidae
2571:Cymidae
1268:Issidae
997:Insecta
995:Class:
970:Extant
885:On the
762:9939277
711:Bibcode
676:Bibcode
608:Bibcode
327:Acizzia
221:Genera
174:Order:
168:Insecta
164:Class:
58:improve
2998:187147
2985:638504
2969:NZOR:
2936:109187
2923:101084
2858:1PSYLF
2679:Note:
760:
752:
439:Psylla
317:Genera
252:aphids
247:family
237:, the
215:, 1807
47:, but
3006:Plazi
2962:30092
2918:IRMNG
2910:48194
2871:12492
2819:18125
2793:17163
2687:from
2685:clade
1684:(with
758:S2CID
493:Mulga
491:) on
303:lerps
2957:NCBI
2931:ITIS
2897:7632
2892:GBIF
2853:EPPO
2806:1338
2801:BOLD
750:PMID
309:and
262:and
115:sp.
2944:NBN
2845:630
2840:EoL
2832:FC3
2827:CoL
2778:AFD
2765:ADW
867:doi
842:doi
814:doi
783:doi
742:doi
719:doi
684:doi
616:doi
241:or
3030::
3008::
2995::
2982::
2959::
2946::
2933::
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2907::
2894::
2881::
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2803::
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2737::
889:/
863:92
861:.
857:.
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808:.
804:.
779:92
777:.
773:.
756:.
748:.
738:45
736:.
717:.
707:50
705:.
701:.
682:.
672:50
670:.
666:.
614:.
604:51
602:.
598:.
475:.
313:.
294:.
258:,
254:,
2695:.
2233:)
2229:(
1690:)
963:e
956:t
949:v
875:.
869::
848:.
844::
838:7
822:.
816::
810:3
791:.
785::
764:.
744::
727:.
721::
713::
692:.
686::
678::
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618::
610::
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77:(
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68:(
54:.
20:)
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