288:. He completed the first two books of the work in March 1874. Brentano originally intended to produce a large work consisting of six books, the first five of which would cover psychology as a science, mental phenomena in general, and their three basic classes, while the sixth would deal with the mind-body problem, the soul, and immortality. However, Brentano was ill with smallpox after publishing the first two books. The work remained incomplete. In 1911, Brentano published book two of
223:
427:"are frequently shrill and intrusive." Simons writes that while passages in chapter one "clearly accord mental phenomena an epistemological advantage over physical phenomena", Kraus "cannot forbear intervening several times to explain how Brentano expresses himself misleadingly, how this conflicts with other things he says elsewhere, and so on." Simons believes that the purpose of Kraus's notes is to harmonize Brentano's views in
415:"forged Franz Brentano's reputation and it remains his most important and influential single work...it helped to establish psychology as a scientific discipline in its own right. Through Brentano's illustrious circle of students it exerted a wide influence on philosophy and psychology, especially in Austria, Germany, Poland, and Italy." Simons compares the influence of Brentano's work to that of Wilhelm Wundt's
384:"gave Freud one vision of what psychology should seek to know, and of what methods it should use." According to Glymour, Brentano believed that "psychology should have exact laws, and that the goal of psychology should be to find such laws...Brentano held that there are exact laws that refer only to the mental, and do not need to appeal to physical circumstances." In Glymour's view, while
399:
writes that
Brentano's thesis about intentionality has "proved to be one of the most influential in all of contemporary philosophy. It gave rise to Husserlian phenomenology, but it also lies at the root of much of the thinking of analytic philosophers on meaning and reference and on the relations of
263:(1869), Brentano comments that Hartmann "uses the term 'consciousness' to refer to something different from what we do. He defines consciousness as 'the emancipation of the idea from the will...and the opposition of the will to this emancipation,' and as 'the bewilderment of the will over the
388:"contains lively criticism", Brentano nevertheless "had no laws of any interest to propose" and when Brentano tries to produce results from his method "the product is deadly dull and nearly vacuous." Glymour considers Brentano's efforts "lame" in comparison to the work of the physician
349:
Brentano described intentionality as a property of mental activity, and characterized it as a kind of "mental reference", Brentano never makes clear precisely what kind of property he believes it to be anywhere in his writings. Scruton has commented that none of the volumes of
372:
Brentano's greatest work, notes that while
Brentano rejected the unconscious, "his answer followed largely from his definitions of consciousness and unconsciousness, and the evidence subsequently available to Freud did not, of course, figure in Brentano's thought."
267:
of the idea, which existence the will does not want but which, nevertheless, is sensibly present.' Brentano suggests that
Hartmann's definition of consciousness perhaps refers to "something purely imaginary", and certainly does not agree with Brentano's definition.
310:, which is the more commonly cited name. The first edition was designated Volume 1, but this was also abandoned in later editions. In 1924, after Brentano's death, the book was published in a new edition, which included explanatory notes by the philosopher
400:
language and mind. In addition, the notion of intentionality, and
Brentano's use of this notion as a criterion for the demarcation of the psychological realm, pervades much contemporary philosophizing within the realm of
27:
170:, in which the author argues that the goal of psychology should be to establish exact laws. Brentano's best known book, it established his reputation as a philosopher, helped to establish
419:, also published in 1874. Simons lists gestalt psychology and Alexius Meinong's theory of objects as additional developments related to Brentano's work, noting that "The course of the
337:
as both obscure and hesitant. Scruton believes that the obscurity of the passage is "compounded by
Brentano's description of intentionality as the mark which distinguishes mental
354:"fulfil the promise made in the book's title", adding that Brentano eventually came to doubt that an empirical science of the mental is likely to be invented.
325:
is
Brentano's best-known book, and much has been written about its "intentionality passage". Brentano reintroduced the concept of intentionality into the
345:, the latter being described, not as objective features of the natural world, but as appearances." According to Scruton, while in later editions of
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190:'s theory of objects. It has been called Brentano's best known work and has been compared to the physician
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61:
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729:
Simons, Peter (1995). "Introduction to the Second
Edition". In McAlister, Linda L. (ed.).
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has been compared to
Sigmund Freud's early metapsychology, especially as expressed in his
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706:(2000). "Continental Philosophy from Fichte to Sartre". In Kenny, Anthony (ed.).
449:"Franz Brentano | German Philosopher, Psychologist, Catholic Priest | Britannica"
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s influence has yet to be fully run." Simons comments that Kraus's notes on
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Baumgartner, Wilhelm (2005). "Brentano, Franz". In
Honderich, Ted (ed.).
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Glymour, Clark (1991). "Freud's androids". In Neu, Jerome (ed.).
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in 1873, while travelling in Europe after leaving the
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and resigning from his position at the
University of
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610:The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, Second Edition
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754:Austrian Philosophy: The Legacy of Franz Brentano
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818:Von der Klassifikation der psychischen Phänomene
294:Von der Klassifikation der psychischen Phänomene
98:1973 (Routledge & Kegan Paul, in English)
682:Sexual Desire: A Philosophical Investigation
306:, but subsequent editions were published as
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174:as a scientific discipline, and influenced
95:1924 (Philosophische Biblothek, in German)
25:
417:Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie
196:Grundzüge der physiologischen Psychologie
708:The Oxford History of Western Philosophy
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333:describes the intentionality passage of
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323:Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint
304:Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte
300:Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint
290:Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint
278:Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint
164:Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte
155:Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint
92:1874 (Duncker & Humblot, in German)
51:Psychologie vom empirischen Standpunkte
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865:Works about philosophy of psychology
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431:with views he adopted subsequently.
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60:Antos C. Rancurello, D. B. Terrell,
362:Project for a Scientific Psychology
200:Project for a Scientific Psychology
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272:Background and publication history
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840:Books about the unconscious mind
656:The Cambridge Companion to Freud
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31:Title page of the first edition
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758:Open Court Publishing Company
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407:According to the philosopher
260:Philosophy of the Unconscious
850:Cognitive science literature
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135:415 (2005 Routledge edition)
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176:Husserlian phenomenology
845:Books by Franz Brentano
733:. London and New York:
712:Oxford University Press
614:Oxford University Press
302:was first published as
835:1874 non-fiction books
775:Vitz, Paul C. (1988).
186:, and the philosopher
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752:Smith, Barry (1996).
282:Roman Catholic Church
292:under the new title
588:, pp. xiv–xvi.
364:. The psychologist
255:Eduard von Hartmann
180:analytic philosophy
133:350 (first edition)
47:Original title
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781:The Guilford Press
486:, pp. xiv–xv.
453:www.britannica.com
327:philosophy of mind
233:. You can help by
184:gestalt psychology
62:Linda L. McAlister
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586:Simons 1995
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484:Simons 1995
421:Psychology'
397:Barry Smith
312:Oskar Kraus
57:Translators
829:Categories
810:(1874) at
710:. Oxford:
684:. London:
635:. London:
612:. Oxford:
526:Smith 1996
458:2023-10-13
435:References
172:psychology
80:Psychology
735:Routledge
637:Routledge
562:Vitz 1988
366:Paul Vitz
343:phenomena
339:phenomena
318:Reception
265:existence
123:Paperback
119:Hardcover
86:Published
680:(1994).
286:Würzburg
198:and the
68:Language
214:Summary
117:Print (
109:Germany
76:Subject
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160:German
71:German
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