Psilocybin - Knowledge

1813:(DMN). The ToMN involves making inferences and understanding social situations based on patterns whereas, the DMN relates more to introspection and one's sense of self. The DMN in particular is related to increased rumination and worsening self-image in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). In studies done with single use psilocybin, areas of the DMN showed decreased functional connectivity (communication between areas of the brain). This provides functional insight into the work of psilocybin in increasing one's sense of connection to one's surroundings, as the areas of the brain involved in introspection decrease in functionality under the effects of the drug. Conversely, areas of the brain involved in the ToMN showed increased activity and functional activation in response to psychedelics. These results were not unique to psilocybin and there was no significant difference in brain activation found in similar trials of mescaline and LSD. Information and studies into the DMN and ToMN are relatively sparse and their connections to other psychiatric illnesses and the use of psychedelics is still largely unknown. 1614:

assess their experiences and the contribution of background and situational factors. Individuals who had experience with psilocybin prior to the study reported more pleasant experiences than those for whom the drug was novel. Group size, dosage, preparation, and expectancy were important determinants of the drug response. In general, those in groups of more than eight felt that the groups were less supportive, and their experiences less pleasant. Conversely, smaller groups (fewer than six) were seen as more supportive and reported more positive reactions to the drug in those groups. Leary and colleagues proposed that psilocybin heightens suggestibility, making an individual more receptive to interpersonal interactions and environmental stimuli. These findings were affirmed in a later review by Jos ten Berge (1999), who concluded that dosage, set, and setting were fundamental factors in determining the outcome of experiments that tested the effects of psychedelic drugs on artists' creativity.

1509:. According to a 2008 review of safety guidelines in human hallucinogenic research, however, Leary and Alpert's well-publicized termination from Harvard and later advocacy of hallucinogen use "further undermined an objective scientific approach to studying these compounds". In response to concerns about the increase in unauthorized use of psychedelic drugs by the general public, psilocybin and other hallucinogenic drugs suffered negative press and faced increasingly restrictive laws. In the United States, laws were passed in 1966 that prohibited the production, trade, or ingestion of hallucinogenic drugs; Sandoz stopped producing LSD and psilocybin the same year. In 1970, Congress passed "The Federal Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act" that made LSD, peyote, psilocybin and other hallucinogens illegal to use for any and all purposes, including scientific research. United States politicians' agenda against LSD usage had swept psilocybin along with it into the 48: 1728:(16%) (inability to properly direct or limit motions). The temporary increases in blood pressure caused by the drug can be a risk factor for users with pre-existing hypertension. These qualitative somatic effects caused by psilocybin have been corroborated by several early clinical studies. A 2005 magazine survey of clubgoers in the UK found that nausea or vomiting was experienced by over a quarter of those who had used psilocybin mushrooms in the last year, although this effect is caused by the mushroom rather than psilocybin itself. In one study, administration of gradually increasing dosages of psilocybin daily for 21 days had no measurable effect on 2109: 1683:), and this positive effect was still apparent over a year after the psilocybin session. According to the study authors, the finding is significant, because "no study has prospectively demonstrated personality change in healthy adults after an experimentally manipulated discrete event". A further study by Griffiths in 2017 found that doses of 20 to 30 mg/70 kg of psilocybin, inducing mystical-type experiences, brought more lasting changes to traits including altruism, gratitude, forgiveness and feeling close to others when they were combined with a regular 3934: 2022: 860: 837: 3821: 3784: 4371: 1826:

effects that psilocybin has on individuals can be observed by taking on an anthropological approach and moving away from the Western biomedical view; this is aided by the studies done by Leary. Within certain traditional societies, where the use of psilocybin is frequent for shamanic healing rituals, group collectives praise their guide, healer and shaman for helping alleviate their pains, aches and hurt. They do this through a group ritual practice where the group, or just the guide, ingests psilocybin to help extract any "

3801: 1392: 60: 2434: 1200: 1780:") describe a reaction accompanied by fear, other unpleasant feelings, and occasionally by dangerous behavior. In general, the phrase "bad trip" is used to describe a reaction that is characterized primarily by fear or other unpleasant emotions, not just a transitory experience of such feelings. A variety of factors may contribute to a psilocybin user experiencing a bad trip, including "tripping" during an emotional or physical low or in a non-supportive environment (see: 3190: 1380: 1749: 4053: 2547: 2247:(i.e., a "bad trip") at some point during the psilocybin session (which was not reported by any subject during the methylphenidate session); about one-third of these (13% of the total) reported that this dysphoria dominated the entire session. These negative effects were reported to be easily managed by the researchers and did not have a lasting negative effect on the subject's sense of well-being. 1764:. Users often feel as if time is slowed down, resulting in the perception that "minutes appear to be hours" or "time is standing still". Studies have demonstrated that psilocybin significantly impairs subjects' ability to gauge time intervals longer than 2.5 seconds, impairs their ability to synchronize to inter-beat intervals longer than 2 seconds, and reduces their preferred 3866:) and depends on species, strain, growth and drying conditions, and mushroom size. Cultivated mushrooms have less variability in psilocybin content than wild mushrooms. The drug is more stable in dried than fresh mushrooms; dried mushrooms retain their potency for months or even years, while mushrooms stored fresh for four weeks contain only traces of the original psilocybin. 2239:. The degree of mystical experience was measured using a questionnaire developed by Ralph W. Hood; 61% of subjects reported a "complete mystical experience" after their psilocybin session, while only 13% reported such an outcome after their experience with methylphenidate. Two months after taking psilocybin, 79% of the participants reported moderately to greatly increased 2255:; personality traits are normally stable across the lifespan for adults. Likewise, in a recent (2010) web-based questionnaire study designed to investigate user perceptions of the benefits and harms of hallucinogenic drug use, 60% of the 503 psilocybin users reported that their use of psilocybin had a long-term positive impact on their sense of well-being. 10291: 10265: 2202:; he later described his experience as "the most powerful cosmic homecoming I have ever experienced." In a 25-year followup to the experiment, all of the subjects given psilocybin described their experience as having elements of "a genuine mystical nature and characterized it as one of the high points of their spiritual life". Psychedelic researcher 1581:, and the availability of brain imaging techniques have provided impetus for using drugs like psilocybin to probe the "neural underpinnings of psychotic symptom formation including ego disorders and hallucinations". Recent studies in the United States have attracted attention from the popular press and brought psilocybin back into the limelight. 4033:

psychedelic drugs, such as psilocybin, in an aim to reduce public harm. Similarly, religious groups like America's Uniao do Vegetal, UDV, use psychedelics in traditional ceremonies. A report from the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) notes that people may petition the DEA for exemptions to use psilocybin for religious purposes.

10215:"BindingDB BDBM50081701 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-ol::4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine::CHEMBL65547::N,N-dimethyl-4-hydroxytryptamine::Psilocin::US11427604, Compound (I-45)::US11453689, Compound Psilocin::US11591353, Compound I-45::US11597738, Example 3::US11642336, Compound Psilocin::US20240051978, Compound Psilocin" 2251:

their lives, and over two-thirds reported it among their five most spiritually significant events. About two-thirds indicated that the experience increased their sense of well-being or life satisfaction. Even after 14 months, those who reported mystical experiences scored on average 4 percentage points higher on the personality trait of

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sale and possession of psilocybin mushroom spores. Cultivation of psilocybin mushrooms is considered drug manufacture in most jurisdictions and is often severely penalized, though some countries and one US state (New Mexico) has ruled that growing psilocybin mushrooms does not qualify as "manufacturing" a controlled substance.

1553:. The new technique involved the use of ordinary kitchen implements, and for the first time the layperson was able to produce a potent entheogen in his own home, without access to sophisticated technology, equipment or chemical supplies." San Antonio's technique describes a method to grow the common edible mushroom 2211:

and long-term effects". This sentiment was echoed by psychiatrist William A. Richards, who in a 2007 review stated " mushroom use may constitute one technology for evoking revelatory experiences that are similar, if not identical, to those that occur through so-called spontaneous alterations of brain chemistry."

12205:. Criminal cases are decided with reference to domestic law, which may otherwise provide for controls over mushrooms containing psilocine and psilocybin. As the Board can only speak as to the contours of the international drug conventions, I am unable to provide an opinion on the litigation in question. 4111:

species are abundant in low-lying areas of Mexico, most ceremonial use takes places in mountainous areas of elevations greater than 1,500 meters (4,900 ft). Guzmán suggests this is a vestige of Spanish colonial influence from several hundred years earlier, when mushroom use was persecuted by the

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and feces. Although most of the remaining drug is eliminated in this way within 8 hours, it is still detectable in the urine after 7 days. Clinical studies show that psilocin concentrations in the plasma of adults average about 8 μg/liter within 2 hours after ingestion of a single

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spores are legal to sell and possess, because they contain neither psilocybin nor psilocin. In other jurisdictions, they are banned because they are items that are used in drug manufacture. A few jurisdictions (such as the US states of California, Georgia, and Idaho) have specifically prohibited the

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A review regarding the management of psychedelic overdoses suggested that psilocybin-related overdose management should prioritize managing the immediate adverse effects, such as anxiety and paranoia, rather than specific pharmacological interventions, as psilocybin's physiological toxicity tends to

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to 144 species in a 2005 review. The majority of these are found in Mexico (53 species), with the remainder distributed in the United States and Canada (22), Europe (16), Asia (15), Africa (4), and Australia and associated islands (19). The diversity of psilocybin mushrooms is reported to have been

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purification. Fricke et al. described an enzymatic pathway for the synthesis of psilocybin and psilocin, publishing their results in 2017. Sherwood et al. significantly improved upon Shirota's method (producing at the kilogram scale while employing less expensive reagents), publishing their results

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procedure, and several imprecise questions in the mystical experience questionnaire. Nevertheless, he said that the study cast "a considerable doubt on the assertion that mystical experiences catalyzed by drugs are in any way inferior to non-drug mystical experiences in both their immediate content

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Group therapies using "classic" psychedelics are becoming more commonly used in the Western world in clinical practice. This is speculated to grow, provided the evidence remains indicative of their safety and efficacy. In social sense, the group is shaped by their experiences surrounding psilocybin

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practice and an extensive spiritual practice support program. Although other researchers have described instances of psychedelic drug usage leading to new psychological understandings and personal insights, it is not known whether these experimental results can be generalized to larger populations.

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et al. were the first team to synthesize psilocybin in 1958. Since that time, various chemists have improved the methods for the laboratory synthesis and purification of psilocybin. In particular, Shirota et al. reported a novel method in 2003 for the synthesis of psilocybin at the gram scale from

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and colleagues at Harvard University investigated the role of set and setting on the effects of psilocybin. They administered the drug to 175 volunteers (from various backgrounds) in an environment intended to be similar to a comfortable living room. 98 of the subjects were given questionnaires to

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As you are aware, mushrooms containing the above substances are collected and used for their hallucinogenic effects. As a matter of international law, no plants (natural material) containing psilocin and psilocybin are at present controlled under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971.

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has also been developed to detect psilocin in whole blood samples. A 2009 publication reported using HPLC to quickly separate forensically important illicit drugs including psilocybin and psilocin, which were identifiable within about half a minute of analysis time. These analytical techniques to

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suggests the total number of use days for psychedelics is two orders of magnitude smaller than it is for cannabis, and unlike people who use cannabis and many other drugs, infrequent users of psychedelics account for most of the total days of use. The 2024 report by the RAND Corporation suggests

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Despite being illegal in many typically Western countries, such as the UK, Australia and some US states, less conservative governments opt to nurture the legal use of psilocybin and other psychedelic drugs. In Amsterdam, Netherlands, authorities provide education and promotion on the safe use of

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Biosynthetic route previously thought to lead to psilocybin. It has recently been shown that 4-hydroxylation and O-phosphorylation immediately follow decarboxylation, and neither dimethyltryptamine nor psilocin are intermediates, although spontaneously generated psilocin can be converted back to

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A follow-up study conducted 14 months after the original psilocybin session confirmed that participants continued to attribute deep personal meaning to the experience. Almost one-third of the subjects reported that the experience was the single most meaningful or spiritually significant event of

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conducted a study to assess the immediate and long-term psychological effects of the psilocybin experience, using a modified version of the mystical experience questionnaire and a rigorous double-blind procedure. When asked in an interview about the similarity of his work with Leary's, Griffiths

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studies regarding "personal insights" and the psychosocial effects of psilocybin, it can be seen in many traditional societies that powerful mind-active substances such as psilocybin are regularly "consumed ritually for therapeutic purposes or for transcending normal, everyday reality". Positive

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are 199 and 21, respectively. The lethal dose from psilocybin toxicity alone is unknown, and has rarely been documented—as of 2011, only two cases attributed to overdosing on hallucinogenic mushrooms (without concurrent use of other drugs) have been reported in the scientific literature and may

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and colleagues systematically evaluated mystical experiences (which they called "mystical consciousness") by categorizing their common features. These categories, according to Pahnke, "describe the core of a universal psychological experience, free from culturally determined philosophical or

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in the brain. The mind-altering effects of psilocybin typically last from two to six hours, although to individuals under the influence of psilocybin, the effects may seem to last much longer, since the drug can distort the perception of time. Possession of psilocybin-containing mushrooms

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Lindenblatt H, Krämer E, Holzmann-Erens P, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank E, Kovar KA (May 1998). "Quantitation of psilocin in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection: comparison of liquid-liquid extraction with automated on-line solid-phase extraction".

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An interesting fact may be the much shorter half-life (mean 74.1 ± 19.6 minutes i.v. compared to 163 ± 64 minutes p.o.) and duration of action (subjective effects lasting only 15–30 minutes) when psilocybin is given intravenously, as performed in a recent double-blind placebo controlled

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countries have tightened their legislation on psilocybin mushrooms in response to concerns about their prevalence and increasing usage. In the 1990s, hallucinogens and their effects on human consciousness were again the subject of scientific study, particularly in Europe. Advances in

10241:"BindingDB BDBM50171269 3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-1H-indol-4-yl dihydrogen phosphate::4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine::CHEMBL194378::Indocybin::O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine::Psilocybine::US11597738, Example 4::psilocin phosphate ester::psilocybin" 1882:, indicating that it has low potential for inducing life-threatening events like breathing or heart problems. Research shows that health risks may develop with use of psilocybin. Nonetheless, hospitalizations from it are rare, and overdoses are generally mild and self-limiting. 1633:, among those given a moderate dose (but still enough to "give a high probability of a profound and beneficial experience"), negative experiences were rare, whereas one-third of those given a high dose experienced anxiety or paranoia. Low doses can induce hallucinatory effects. 4039:

Advocates for legalization argue there is a lack of evidence of harm, and potential use in treating certain mental health conditions. Research is difficult to conduct because of the legal status of psychoactive substances. Advocates for legalization also promote the utility of

3768:—considered by Guzmán to be the world's most widely distributed psilocybin mushroom—is found in Europe, North America, Asia, South America, Australia and New Zealand, but is entirely absent from Mexico. Although the presence or absence of psilocybin is not of much use as a 1972:

have been reported in the literature. A 2005 survey, conducted in the United Kingdom, found that almost a quarter of those who had used psilocybin mushrooms in the past year had experienced a panic attack. Other adverse effects, less frequently reported, include paranoia,

2009:(HPPD) is characterized by a continual presence of visual disturbances similar to those generated by psychedelic substances. Neither flashbacks nor HPPD are commonly associated with psilocybin usage, and correlations between HPPD and psychedelics are further obscured by 4546:

One of the reported fatalities, that of a 22-year-old French man who died in 1993, was later challenged in the literature by Jochen Gartz and colleagues, who concluded "the few reported data concerning the victim are insufficient to exclude other possible causes of the

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Although psilocybin may be prepared synthetically, outside of the research setting it is not typically used in this form. The psilocybin present in certain species of mushrooms can be ingested in several ways: by consuming fresh or dried fruit bodies, by preparing an

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When selecting adverse event profile rates, the shortest time period available was selected and analyzed (eg, day 1 instead of day 30) since the half-life of psilocin is 3 ± 1.1 hours when taken orally and the duration of action can range between 3 to 12

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15 mg oral psilocybin dose; psychological effects occur with a blood plasma concentration of 4–6 μg/liter. Psilocybin is approximately 1/100 the potency of LSD on a weight per weight basis, and the physiological effects last about half as long.

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Despite the legal restrictions on psilocybin use, the 1970s witnessed the emergence of psilocybin as the "entheogen of choice". This was due in large part to a wide dissemination of information on the topic, which included works such as those by author

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Ledwos N, Rosenblat JD, Blumberger DM, Castle DJ, McIntyre RS, Mulsant BH, et al. (2022). "A Critical Appraisal of Evidence on the Efficacy and Safety of Serotonergic Psychedelic Drugs as Emerging Antidepressants: Mind the Evidence Gap".

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Keller T, Schneider A, Regenscheit P, Dirnhofer R, Rücker T, Jaspers J, et al. (January 1999). "Analysis of psilocybin and psilocin in Psilocybe subcubensis Guzmán by ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry".

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in the Netherlands and the UK, and online. Several websites emerged that have contributed to the accessibility of information on the mushrooms' description, use, effects and the exchange of mushroom experiences among users. Since 2001, six

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among Siberian peoples. The few existing historical accounts about psilocybin mushrooms typically lack sufficient information to allow species identification, and usually refer to the nature of their effects. For example, Flemish botanist

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and how they view the plant collectively. As mentioned in the anthropology article, the group partakes in a "journey" together, thus adding to the spiritual, social body where roles, hierarchies and gender are subjectively understood.

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Gérault A, Picart D (1996). "Intoxication mortelle à la suite de la consommation volontaire et en groupe de champignons hallucinogènes" [Fatal poisoning after a group of people voluntarily consumed hallucinogenic mushrooms].

6828:"Psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience in combination with meditation and other spiritual practices produces enduring positive changes in psychological functioning and in trait measures of prosocial attitudes and behaviors" 2000:

studies of this psychotic disorder. In both cases, psychotic symptoms are thought to arise from a "deficient gating of sensory and cognitive information" in the brain that ultimately lead to "cognitive fragmentation and psychosis".

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to psilocybin builds and dissipates quickly; ingesting psilocybin more than about once a week can lead to diminished effects. Tolerance dissipates after a few days, so doses can be spaced several days apart to avoid the effect. A

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Panic reactions can occur after consumption of psilocybin-containing mushrooms, especially if the ingestion is accidental or otherwise unexpected. Reactions characterized by violent behavior, suicidal thoughts, schizophrenia-like

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that can circulate in the blood plasma, including 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetaldehyde (4-HIAL), 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA), and 4-hydroxytryptophol (4-HTOL). Some psilocin is not broken down by enzymes and instead forms a

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Hasler F, Bourquin D, Brenneisen R, Bär T, Vollenweider FX (June 1997). "Determination of psilocin and 4-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid in plasma by HPLC-ECD and pharmacokinetic profiles of oral and intravenous psilocybin in man".

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Because of a lack of clarity about laws concerning psilocybin mushrooms, specifically in the form of sclerotia (also known as "truffles"), European retailers in the late 1990s and early 2000s commercialized and marketed them in

13009: 2084:, all of which were associated with "an excess risk of developing clinical features associated with drug dependence". Likewise, a 2010 Dutch study ranked the relative harm of psilocybin mushrooms compared to a selection of 19 6583: 2501:-phosphorylation is in fact the third step, and that neither dimethyltryptamine nor psilocin are intermediates. The sequence of the intermediate steps has been shown to involve four enzymes (PsiD, PsiH, PsiK, and PsiM) in 11251:"Analysis and characterization of psilocybin and psilocin using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) with collision-induced-dissociation (CID) and source-induced dissociation (SID)" 1533:, and several books that taught the technique of growing psilocybin mushrooms. One of the most popular of this latter group was published in 1976 under the pseudonyms O.T. Oss and O.N. Oeric by Jeremy Bigwood, 11174:

Saito K, Toyo'oka T, Fukushima T, Kato M, Shirota O, Goda Y (2004). "Determination of psilocin in magic mushrooms and rat plasma by liquid chromatography with fluorimetry and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry".

3862:, younger, smaller mushrooms tend to have a higher concentration of the drug than larger, mature mushrooms. In general, the psilocybin content of mushrooms is quite variable (ranging from almost nothing to 2.5% of the 7666: 13298:"Comparative oral monotherapy of psilocybin, lysergic acid diethylamide, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, ayahuasca, and escitalopram for depressive symptoms: systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis" 7620: 1827: 12507: 3443:. Although the determination of psilocin levels in urine can be performed without sample clean-up (i.e., removing potential contaminants that make it difficult to accurately assess concentration), the analysis in 2227:-funded study, published in 2006, has been praised by experts for the soundness of its experimental design. In the experiment, 36 volunteers without prior experience with hallucinogens were given psilocybin and 2258:

While many recent studies have concluded that psilocybin can cause mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual significance, not all the medical community agree.

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mushrooms, and so nearly 1.7 kilograms (3.7 lb) of dried mushrooms, or 17 kilograms (37 lb) of fresh mushrooms, would be required for a 60-kilogram (130 lb) person to reach the 280 mg/kg

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noted, "The psilocybin experience seems to be warmer, not as forceful and less isolating. It tends to build connections between people, who are generally much more in communication than when they use LSD."

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In their studies on the psilocybin experience, Johns Hopkins researchers use peaceful music and a comfortable room to help ensure a comfortable setting, and experienced guides to monitor and reassure the

2060:. A 2008 study concluded that, based on US data from the period 2000–2002, adolescent-onset (defined here as ages 11–17) usage of hallucinogenic drugs (including psilocybin) did not increase the risk of 1775:

Users having a pleasant experience can feel a sense of connection to others, nature, and the universe; other perceptions and emotions are also often intensified. Users having an unpleasant experience (a

4182:. A systematic review published in 2021 found that the use of psilocybin as a pharmaceutical substance was associated with reduced intensity of depression symptoms. The role of psilocybin as a possible 1772:

activity, and the role that the prefrontal cortex is known to play in time perception. However, the neurochemical basis of psilocybin's effects on the perception of time are not known with certainty.

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Anastos N, Barnett NW, Pfeffer FM, Lewis SW (2006). "Investigation into the temporal stability of aqueous standard solutions of psilocin and psilocybin using high performance liquid chromatography".

3993:. Schedule I drugs are defined as drugs with a high potential for abuse or drugs that have no recognized medical uses. However, psilocybin mushrooms have had numerous medicinal and religious uses in 1486:. Sandoz also marketed and sold pure psilocybin under the name Indocybin to clinicians and researchers worldwide. There were no reports of serious complications when psilocybin was used in this way. 6925: 1590: 2267:

is that LSD, psilocybin, mescaline, and the like produce not a "higher consciousness" but rather a particular kind of "lower consciousness" known well to psychiatrists and neurologists—namely, '

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Studerus E, Kometer M, Hasler F, Vollenweider FX (November 2011). "Acute, subacute and long-term subjective effects of psilocybin in healthy humans: a pooled analysis of experimental studies".

3300:(DMT) and one study assumed that the effect on psilocybin would be similar since it is a structural analogue of DMT. However, only a small portion of psilocin appears to be metabolized by MAO. 3877:

in one study were shown to decrease with the increasing age of the sample: collections dated 11, 33, or 118 years old contained 0.84%, 0.67%, and 0.014% (all dry weight), respectively. Mature

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Yao Y, Guo D, Lu TS, Liu FL, Huang SH, Diao MQ, et al. (May 2024). "Efficacy and safety of psychedelics for the treatment of mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis".

12909:"Antidepressive, anxiolytic, and antiaddictive effects of ayahuasca, psilocybin and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD): a systematic review of clinical trials published in the last 25 years" 2223:

explained the difference: "We are conducting rigorous, systematic research with psilocybin under carefully monitored conditions, a route which Dr. Leary abandoned in the early 1960s." The

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the psilocybin sample prior to analysis causes it to spontaneously lose its phosphoryl group and become psilocin—making it difficult to chemically discriminate between the two drugs. In

1467:, publishing their results in 1958. The team was aided in the discovery process by Hofmann's willingness to ingest mushroom extracts to help verify the presence of the active compounds. 8890: 1482:. Because the physiological effects of these compounds last only about three and a half hours (about half as long as psilocybin), they proved more manageable than the latter for use in 13005: 1318:, the Spanish forbade traditional religious practices and rituals that they considered "pagan idolatry", including ceremonial mushroom use. For the next four centuries, the Indians of 4068:

concluded that the number of first-time psilocybin mushroom users in the United States was roughly equivalent to the number of first-time users of cannabis. A June 2024 report by the

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varies greatly between species and even between specimens of a species collected or grown from the same strain. Because most psilocybin biosynthesis occurs early in the formation of

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Hasler F, Bourquin D, Brenneisen R, Vollenweider FX (September 2002). "Renal excretion profiles of psilocin following oral administration of psilocybin: a controlled study in man".

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for such projects difficult to obtain, globally, and scientists who worked with psychedelic drugs faced being "professionally marginalized". Although Hofmann tested these compounds

1314:(published 1545–1590), and described how some merchants would celebrate upon returning from a successful business trip by consuming mushrooms to evoke revelatory visions. After the 25350: 7161:

Wittmann M, Carter O, Hasler F, Cahn BR, Grimberg U, Spring P, et al. (January 2007). "Effects of psilocybin on time perception and temporal control of behaviour in humans".

11250: 9223:"The significance of finerenone as a novel therapeutic option in diabetic kidney disease: a scoping review with emphasis on cardiorenal outcomes of the finerenone phase 3 trials" 13036: 4999:"Unlocking the healing power of psilocybin: an overview of the role of psilocybin therapy in major depressive disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use disorder" 13174:

Goodwin GM, Aaronson ST, Alvarez O, Arden PC, Baker A, Bennett JC, et al. (November 2022). "Single-Dose Psilocybin for a Treatment-Resistant Episode of Major Depression".

12074: 3320:. Tobacco smokers may also experience more powerful effects with psilocybin, because tobacco smoke exposure decreases the activity of MAO in the brain and peripheral organs. 25987: 25884: 12448: 13564:

Tagen M, Mantuani D, van Heerden L, Holstein A, Klumpers LE, Knowles R (September 2023). "The risk of chronic psychedelic and MDMA microdosing for valvular heart disease".

5243:Čampara A, Kovačić D (2024). "Exploring Psilocybin as a Tool for Studying Parkinsonism-Related Psychosis: A Narrative Review Supplemented with a Computational Approach". 4036:

From 1 July 2023, the Australian medicines regulator has permitted psychiatrists to prescribe psilocybin for the therapeutic treatment of treatment-resistant depression.

12958:"Rapid and sustained symptom reduction following psilocybin treatment for anxiety and depression in patients with life-threatening cancer: a randomized controlled trial" 11839:

Laussmann T, Meier-Giebing S (February 2010). "Forensic analysis of hallucinogenic mushrooms and khat (Catha edulis Forsk) using cation-exchange liquid chromatography".

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Bigwood J, Beug MW (May 1982). "Variation of psilocybin and psilocin levels with repeated flushes (harvests) of mature sporocarps of Psilocybe cubensis (Earle) Singer".

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in earlier life forms before assuming more complex functions in multicellular organisms, including humans. Other related indole-containing psychedelic compounds include

3348:. Neither of these tests, however, is specific for psilocybin; for example, the Marquis test will react with many classes of controlled drugs, such as those containing 13261:

Carhart-Harris R, Giribaldi B, Watts R, Baker-Jones M, Murphy-Beiner A, Murphy R, et al. (April 2021). "Trial of Psilocybin versus Escitalopram for Depression".

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Hollister LE, Prusmack JJ, Paulsen A, Rosenquist N (November 1960). "Comparison of three psychotropic drugs (psilocybin, JB-329, and IT-290) in volunteer subjects".

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activation. However, single high doses or widely spaced doses (e.g., months) are widely thought to be safe and concerns about cardiac toxicity apply more to chronic

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of clinical trials of psilocybin and other psychedelics for treatment of depression. In addition, as of September 2024, psilocybin and other psychedelics (excluding

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receptors also contribute to the subjective and behavioral effects of the drug. For example, psilocin indirectly increases the concentration of the neurotransmitter

1282:– literally "divine mushroom": the agglutinative form of teō(tl) (god, sacred) and nanācatl (mushroom) in Nahuatl. Following the arrival of Spanish explorers to the 11569: 22509: 5055:[Collegiate Board Resolution No. 804 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). 4790:

van Amsterdam J, Opperhuizen A, Koeter M, van den Brink W (2010). "Ranking the harm of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs for the individual and the population".

18887: 15989: 11077:

Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Sannes E, Rasmussen KE, Tønnesen F (July 1997). "Determination of psilocybin in Psilocybe semilanceata by capillary zone electrophoresis".

6325: 4263:

However, some trials have not found psilocybin to significantly outperform placebo in the treatment of depression. In addition, a phase 2 trial found that two 25

1226:, and is believed to depict psychedelic mushrooms and the transformation of the user under their influence. The paintings are said to date back to 9000-7000 BC. 25511: 7943:

Reinert JP, Colunga K, Etuk A, Richardson V, Dunn RL (August 2020). "Management of overdoses of salvia, kratom, and psilocybin mushrooms: a literature review".

5267:

With a logS value of −3.009 and a plasma protein binding of 0.66, respectively, psilocybin has poor water solubility and is moderately bound to plasma proteins.

2166:. Some scholars have proposed that many of the qualities of a drug-induced mystical experience are indistinguishable from mystical experiences achieved through 25390: 25132: 21776: 8137: 2100:. Psilocybin mushrooms were ranked as the illicit drug with the lowest harm, corroborating conclusions reached earlier by expert groups in the United Kingdom. 13654: 9451: 1605:

The effects of psilocybin are highly variable and depend on the mindset and environment in which the user has the experience: factors commonly referred to as

25382: 15614: 15148: 15143: 15138: 15133: 12753: 11501: 10857:

van Amsterdam J, Talhout R, Vleeming W, Opperhuizen A (October 2006). "Contribution of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition to tobacco and alcohol addiction".

5889:

Heim R (1957). "Notes préliminaires sur les agarics hallucinogènes du Mexique" [Preliminary notes on the hallucination-producing agarics of Mexico].

2263:, formerly director of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Johns Hopkins, responded as follows in a book review: "The unmentioned fact in 1150:(spirituality-enhancing agent) grew in the next decade, owing largely to the increased availability of information on how to cultivate psilocybin mushrooms. 347: 278: 1788:, can also increase the likelihood of a bad trip. Other than the duration of the experience, the effects of psilocybin are similar to comparable dosages of 1367:—Europe's most common and widespread psychedelic mushroom—involved a British family in 1799, who prepared a meal with mushrooms they had picked in London's 25345: 25325: 24923: 15619: 15113: 11936: 11676: 8210: 7204:

Wackermann J, Wittmann M, Hasler F, Vollenweider FX (April 2008). "Effects of varied doses of psilocybin on time interval reproduction in human subjects".

5574: 16015: 3396:(GC–MS) are the most widely used due to their high sensitivity and ability to separate compounds in complex biological mixtures. These techniques include 1842:

Most of the comparatively few fatal incidents that are associated with psychedelic mushroom usage involve the simultaneous use of other drugs, especially

1617:

After ingesting psilocybin, the user may experience a wide range of emotional effects which can include: feelings of disorientation, lethargy, giddiness,

25335: 25330: 25320: 15552: 15492: 15128: 15123: 15118: 15108: 15103: 15098: 15093: 15088: 15083: 15078: 11349:

Kamata T, Nishikawa M, Katagi M, Tsuchihashi H (November 2003). "Optimized glucuronide hydrolysis for the detection of psilocin in human urine samples".

8266:

Hyde C, Glancy G, Omerod P, Hall D, Taylor GS (June 1978). "Abuse of indigenous psilocybin mushrooms: a new fashion and some psychiatric complications".

6902: 4564:

Commentary on: Psilocybin can occasion mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual experience by Griffiths

4295:

difference in reduction of depressive symptoms between groups. However, reductions in depressive symptoms were numerically greater with psilocybin, some

25889: 25874: 25466: 24570: 15944: 15507: 15497: 5552: 1809:

Psychedelics, including psilocybin, have been shown to affect different clusters of brain regions known as the "theory of mind network" (ToMN) and the

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are not regulated by UN treaties. Many countries, however, have some level of regulation or prohibition of psilocybin mushrooms (for example, the US

3919: 3201:

The effects of the drug begin 10–40 minutes after ingestion, and last 2–6 hours depending on dose, species, and individual metabolism. The

7487:

Theriault J, Waytz A, Heiphetz L, Young L (June 2020). "Theory of mind network activity is associated with metaethical judgment: An item analysis".

17474: 15609: 14968: 8052: 3743: 1939: 9279: 4076:

In European countries, the lifetime prevalence estimates of psychedelic mushroom usage among young adults (15–34 years) range from 0.3% to 14.1%.

25864: 24815: 23655: 17479: 16090: 15624: 6699: 932: 11003:

Kamata T, Katagi M, Tsuchihashi H (2010). "Metabolism and toxicological analyses of hallucinogenic tryptamine analogues being abused in Japan".

2162:

that have lasting personal meaning and spiritual significance in individuals who are religious or spiritually inclined; these states are called

25486: 23793: 21197: 15974: 15512: 15045: 15035: 15025: 14873: 14500: 14422: 11653: 7287: 6292: 11878: 11314:

Kysilka R (December 1990). "Determination of psilocin in rat urine by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection".

9295: 8849: 26009: 25924: 25294: 25269: 25177: 24928: 23340: 23295: 23003: 19543: 16958: 16953: 16918: 15030: 15020: 15015: 14958: 14928: 14495: 14490: 14485: 14417: 14412: 14407: 13345:

Muthukumaraswamy SD, Forsyth A, Lumley T (September 2021). "Blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomized controlled trials".

9139: 4579:

Subjective effects are "feelings, perceptions, and moods personally experienced by an individual"; they are often assessed using methods of

25013: 24720: 24600: 24283: 24258: 23833: 22597: 21351: 21182: 20005: 19287: 16571: 16566: 15684: 15055: 15050: 15040: 15010: 15005: 14953: 14903: 14883: 14878: 14868: 14853: 14848: 14843: 14838: 14812: 14807: 14719: 14641: 14480: 14475: 14465: 14460: 14455: 14445: 14402: 14397: 14387: 14382: 14377: 14367: 8982:"Mystical-type experiences occasioned by psilocybin mediate the attribution of personal meaning and spiritual significance 14 months later" 5468: 3885:

from spores) lack appreciable amounts. Many species of mushrooms containing psilocybin also contain lesser amounts of the analog compounds

1286:

in the sixteenth century, chroniclers reported the use of mushrooms by the natives for ceremonial and religious purposes. According to the

956: 15674: 12187: 8981: 24695: 24630: 24595: 24590: 24263: 24253: 24243: 23778: 23763: 23753: 23651: 23396: 23371: 23325: 22932: 22672: 22592: 21931: 21336: 21302: 19950: 19869: 19478: 19197: 18880: 17881: 15964: 15828: 15386: 15060: 14948: 14943: 14938: 14933: 14908: 14863: 14802: 14767: 14714: 14709: 14636: 14631: 14568: 14235: 13813: 12683: 10981: 10911: 10494: 10117:"Studies of the biogenic amine transporters. 14. Identification of low-efficacy "partial" substrates for the biogenic amine transporters" 8637:. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 149–162, Table 7.1 "Safety Ratio and Dependence Potential of Psychoactive Drugs". 8094: 7918: 7879: 6752: 6448: 6015: 5867: 4909: 4329:) have only been assessed in up to phase 2 clinical trials for psychiatric disorders and have not yet completed larger and more rigorous 4005: 3440: 2006: 12203:

preparations made of these plants are not under international control and, therefore, not subject of the articles of the 1971 Convention

11262: 11112:

Lee RE (July 1985). "A technique for the rapid isolation and identification of psilocin from psilocin/psilocybin-containing mushrooms".

7414:

Attema-de Jonge ME, Portier CB, Franssen EJ (December 2007). "" [Automutilation after consumption of hallucinogenic mushrooms].

7046:

Malitz S, Esecover H, Wilkens B, Hoch PH (February 1960). "Some observations on psilocybin, a new hallucinogen, in volunteer subjects".

6421: 3261:, about 50% of ingested psilocybin is absorbed through the stomach and intestine. About 80% of psilocin is glucuronidated into psilocin- 1395:

The increasing availability of information on growing techniques eventually made it possible for amateurs to grow psilocybin mushrooms (

1298:(published c. 1581), mushrooms were eaten in festivities conducted on the occasion of the accession to the throne of Aztec emperor 1179: 24187: 23758: 23391: 23386: 23213: 22556: 21832: 21141: 19995: 19985: 19488: 16541: 15326: 15286: 14898: 14893: 14858: 14704: 14694: 14689: 14679: 14626: 14616: 14611: 14606: 14601: 14596: 14591: 14563: 14558: 11384:

Albers C, Köhler H, Lehr M, Brinkmann B, Beike J (December 2004). "Development of a psilocin immunoassay for serum and blood samples".

9366: 8510:

Vollenweider FX, Geyer MA (November 2001). "A systems model of altered consciousness: integrating natural and drug-induced psychoses".

7654: 4556:

The academic communities' approval for the methodology employed is exemplified by the quartet of commentaries published in the journal

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of psilocybin is 163 ± 64 minutes when taken orally, or 74.1 ± 19.6 minutes when injected intravenously.

13032: 12508:

Submission to the Western Australian Inquiry Into Alternative Approaches to Reducing Illicit Drug Use and Its Effects on the Community

1214:

There is evidence to suggest that psychoactive mushrooms have been used by humans in religious ceremonies for thousands of years. The

335: 24273: 24268: 23690: 19152: 19147: 19142: 17861: 17851: 17846: 17831: 17826: 17821: 17801: 17796: 17791: 17786: 17771: 17756: 17746: 17736: 17731: 17721: 17701: 17676: 17641: 17428: 17418: 17408: 17388: 17383: 17373: 17363: 17333: 17328: 14553: 14543: 14538: 14533: 14280: 14275: 14270: 14265: 14255: 14250: 14245: 14240: 14230: 14220: 14210: 14190: 14180: 14175: 14170: 13985: 12731: 6661:"Acute psychological and physiological effects of psilocybin in healthy humans: a double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-effect study" 4537:

clinical study of 30 individuals who were given a dosage of 8–12 milligrams of psilocybin; from Passie (2002), citing Quentin (1960).

1637:

may occur, where the affected individual sees multicolored geometric shapes and vivid imaginative sequences. Some individuals report

12066: 12029: 11900:

Ohenoja E, Jokiranta J, Mäkinen T, Kaikkonen A, Airaksinen MM (1987). "The occurrence of psilocybin and psilocin in Finnish fungi".

11147:

Wurst M, Kysilka R, Koza T (1992). "Analysis and isolation of indole alkaloids of fungi by high-performance liquid chromatography".

6143: 4570:", by HD Kleber (pp. 291–292), DE Nichols (pp. 284–286), CR Schuster (pp. 289–290), and SH Snyder (pp. 287–288). 26003: 24468: 22247: 21631: 20788: 17298: 17293: 17283: 17263: 15370: 14344: 14150: 14145: 14095: 8604: 1996:

The similarity of psilocybin-induced symptoms to those of schizophrenia has made the drug a useful research tool in behavioral and

1986: 12539:

Johansen PØ, Krebs TS (March 2015). "Psychedelics not linked to mental health problems or suicidal behavior: a population study".

11747:

Kysilka R, Wurst M (March 1989). "High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of some psychotropic indole derivatives".

6117: 2194:

student volunteers who received psilocybin reported profound religious experiences. One of the participants was religious scholar

1649:

to primitive and childlike thinking, and activation of vivid memory traces with pronounced emotional undertones". Open-eye visual

26068: 25003: 24428: 22259: 21643: 20800: 19398: 16146: 14115: 14005: 13995: 13990: 13687: 8648: 6531: 10546:

Adams JD (2009). "Chemical interactions with pyramidal neurons in layer 5 of the cerebral cortex: control of pain and anxiety".

9140:"Psilocybin can occasion mystical-type experiences having substantial and sustained personal meaning and spiritual significance" 7448:"The relationship between the default mode network and the theory of mind network as revealed by psychedelics - A meta-analysis" 1474:

of these compounds to examine how these structural changes would affect psychoactivity. This research led to the development of

24455: 24446: 18873: 15245: 15240: 15235: 15230: 15220: 9818:"Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the de novo production of psilocybin and related tryptamine derivatives" 7075:

Rinkel M, Atwell CR, Dimascio A, Brown J (February 1960). "Experimental psychiatry. V. Psilocybine, a new psychotogenic drug".

4272: 3413: 10705:

Meyer MR, Maurer HH (February 2011). "Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion pharmacogenomics of drugs of abuse".

1329:

Although dozens of species of psychedelic mushrooms are found in Europe, there is little documented usage of these species in

26078: 24625: 24512: 24437: 15959: 12747: 12677: 12631:

Rodd R (September 2018). "It's all you! Australian ayahuasca drinking, spiritual development, and immunitary individualism".

12431: 12209: 12146: 11999: 11604: 11597:: A Systematic Revision of the Known Species Including the History, Distribution, and Chemistry of the Hallucinogenic Species 10975: 10948: 10905: 10800: 10488: 9360: 9103:

Richards WA (2008). "The phenomenology and potential religious import of states of consciousness facilitated by psilocybin".

9062: 8832: 8822: 8805: 8780: 8642: 8088: 8004: 7912: 7873: 7699: 7142: 6746: 6239: 6214: 5925: 5834: 5806: 5679: 5260: 4903: 3990: 1183: 1143: 11533:(Basidiomycotina, Agaricales, Strophariaceae) in the world mycobiota, with special attention to hallucinogenic properties". 6318: 26108: 20996: 15306: 13938: 10240: 10214: 9760: 7249:"Using psilocybin to investigate the relationship between attention, working memory, and the serotonin 1A and 2A receptors" 3978: 3926: 3915: 3393: 2849: 2167: 1315: 1175: 13006:"COMPASS Pathways Receives FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Psilocybin Therapy for Treatment-resistant Depression" 9317: 5987:

Leary T, Metzner R, Presnell M, Weil G, Schwitzgebel R, Kinne S (1965). "A new behavior change program using psilocybin".

5052: 4303:

was statistically higher with psilocybin (57% with psilocybin vs. 28% with escitalopram). In any case, the antidepressant

24848: 24820: 24459: 22207: 22080: 20734: 20594: 15917: 13918: 11561: 7314:"Neural underpinnings of temporal processing: a review of focal lesion, pharmacological, and functional imaging research" 4336:

A potential risk of frequent repeated use of psilocybin and other serotonergic psychedelics for psychiatric disorders is

4013: 1139: 1042: 161:

Psilocybine; Psilocibin; Psylocybin; Psilocybinum; Psilotsibin; Psilocin phosphate; Psilocin phosphate ester; Indocybin;

8798:

Food of the Gods: The Search for the Original Tree of Knowledge. A Radical History of Plants, Drugs, and Human Evolution

8464:

Geyer MA (July 1998). "Behavioral studies of hallucinogenic drugs in animals: implications for schizophrenia research".

7737:"The Use of Classic Hallucinogens/Psychedelics in a Therapeutic Context: Healthcare Policy Opportunities and Challenges" 6779:"Mystical experiences occasioned by the hallucinogen psilocybin lead to increases in the personality domain of openness" 3042: 1625:. In one study, 31% of volunteers given a high dose reported feelings of significant fear and 17% experienced transient 1461:(LSD) in 1938—led a research group that isolated and identified the psychoactive alkaloids psilocybin and psilocin from 18024: 16230: 8421:

Nielen RJ, van der Heijden FM, Tuinier S, Verhoeven WM (January 2004). "Khat and mushrooms associated with psychosis".

5748: 5711: 5048: 3901:

of phenolic compounds, this reaction is not a definitive method of identification or determining a mushroom's potency.

2155:

and a sense of contact with a "Transcendent Other"—reflecting a deeper understanding of our connectedness with nature.

1262:

have also been interpreted by some scholars as evidence for ritual and ceremonial use of psychoactive mushrooms in the

12821:

Wark C, Galliher JF (May 2010). "Timothy Leary, Richard Alpert (Ram Dass) and the changing definition of psilocybin".

11992: 7865:

Handbook of Child and Adolescent Drug and Substance Abuse: Pharmacological, Developmental, and Clinical Considerations

6876:"Psilocybin (from magic mushrooms) plus meditation and spiritual training leads to lasting changes in positive traits" 2179:

theological interpretations", and allow researchers to assess mystical experiences on a qualitative, numerical scale.

1001: 359: 22173: 22165: 22098: 21586: 21578: 20687: 20679: 20612: 16879: 15775: 15331: 15321: 15311: 15296: 15281: 12406: 10524: 6333: 4151: 2050: 2005:(spontaneous recurrences of a previous psilocybin experience) can occur long after having used psilocybin mushrooms. 1680: 976: 121: 11486: 8149: 3464:

determine psilocybin concentrations in body fluids are, however, not routinely available, and not typically used in

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be rather limited. One analysis of people hospitalized from psilocybin poisoning found high urine concentrations of

1671:

of its users. About half of the study participants--described as healthy, "spiritually active", and many possessing

47: 26103: 22161: 21574: 20675: 15316: 15291: 15276: 12424:

Psychedelic mysticism: Transforming consciousness, religious experiences, and voluntary peasants in postwar America

5944:

Leary T, Litwin GH, Metzner R (December 1963). "Reactions to Psilocybjn Administered in a Supportive Environment".

4330: 2224: 2215: 1901:) when administered orally is 280 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), approximately one and a half times that of 12724: 12449:"DEA's Process for Religious Use of Psychedelics Needs More Consistent Standards, Government Watchdog Agency Says" 12299: 9441: 8343:(2010). "User perceptions of the benefits and harms of hallucinogenic drug use: a web-based questionnaire study". 2287:, or by combining with other foods to mask the bitter taste. In rare cases people have injected mushroom extracts 22328: 22223: 22169: 21657: 21582: 20871: 20750: 20683: 19747: 18606: 15301: 13908: 11820:

Gartz J (1992). "New aspects of the occurrence, chemistry and cultivation of European hallucinogenic mushrooms".

4229: 1510: 634: 299: 11975: 11691: 8249: 1501:). Leary obtained synthesized psilocybin from Hofmann through Sandoz Pharmaceuticals. Some studies, such as the 25995: 24477: 17058: 11460: 10428:"Psychedelics and Neuroplasticity: A Systematic Review Unraveling the Biological Underpinnings of Psychedelics" 9769: 9446: 4563: 4221: 4179: 3401: 2917: 2404:. Psilocybin rapidly oxidizes upon exposure to light—an important consideration when using it as an analytical 984:

InChI=1S/C12H17N2O4P/c1-14(2)7-6-9-8-13-10-4-3-5-11(12(9)10)18-19(15,16)17/h3-5,8,13H,6-7H2,1-2H3,(H2,15,16,17)

13604:"Microdosing psychedelics and the risk of cardiac fibrosis and valvulopathy: Comparison to known cardiotoxins" 3380:

have been used to quantify psilocybin levels in mushroom samples. Although the earliest methods commonly used

2509:, although it is possible that the biosynthetic pathway differs between species. These enzymes are encoded in 1641:, such as tactile sensations when viewing colors. At higher doses, psilocybin can lead to "intensification of 26113: 22251: 21635: 20792: 17053: 16043: 15714: 15396: 7621:"Drug Addictions, Hallucinogens and Shamanism: the View from Anthropology - Document - Gale Academic OneFile" 7104:

Parashos AJ (1976). "The psilocybin-induced "state of drunkenness" in normal volunteers and schizophrenics".

5053:"RDC Nº 804 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" 1935: 1483: 25501: 25436: 13060:"Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, Psilocybin and Dimethyltryptamine in Depression Treatment: A Systematic Review" 9924:"Serotonergic Psychedelics: A Comparative Review of Efficacy, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Binding Profile" 8553:

Geyer MA, Vollenweider FX (September 2008). "Serotonin research: contributions to understanding psychoses".

5387:"Psilocybin for Treating Psychiatric Disorders: A Psychonaut Legend or a Promising Therapeutic Perspective?" 3116:, a non-selective dopamine receptor antagonist. Taken together, these suggest that there may be an indirect 1752:

The ability of psilocybin to cause perceptual distortions is linked to its influence on the activity of the

24552: 24419: 23615: 22941: 22227: 20754: 13828: 12475:"Australian psychiatrists can now prescribe MDMA and psilocybin: who can access them and how do they work?" 9475:"Psilocybin: crystal structure solutions enable phase analysis of prior art and recently patented examples" 5464: 5056: 4558: 4171: 3174: 855: 736: 25529: 10583:"Me, myself, bye: regional alterations in glutamate and the experience of ego dissolution with psilocybin" 10166:"Interaction of psychoactive tryptamines with biogenic amine transporters and serotonin receptor subtypes" 9195: 8080:

Inner Paths to Outer Space: Journeys to Alien Worlds through Psychedelics and Other Spiritual Technologies

4836:

Nutt DJ, King LA, Phillips LD (November 2010). "Drug harms in the UK: a multicriteria decision analysis".

3897:. Although most species of psilocybin-containing mushrooms bruise blue when handled or damaged due to the 3120:

contribution to psilocin's psychotomimetic effects. Psilocybin and psilocin have no affinity for dopamine

2334:. Psilocybin is a member of the general class of tryptophan-based compounds that originally functioned as 25879: 22907: 22320: 22211: 21856: 21207: 20738: 20000: 19706: 19202: 18401: 17151: 15756: 13823: 13680: 13124:"Current Understanding on Psilocybin for Major Depressive Disorder: A Review Focusing on Clinical Trials" 6660: 6257:"A laboratory method to obtain fruit from cased grain spawn of the cultivated mushoom, Agaricus bisporus" 4256:). The antidepressant effects of psilocybin with psychological support have been found to last at least 6 4205: 3742:

and plant debris. Psilocybin mushrooms occur on all continents, but the majority of species are found in

3293: 1946:

of 641 (higher values correspond to a better safety profile); for comparison, the therapeutic indices of

1594: 816: 805: 17: 12364: 8021: 6470:

Berge JT (1999). "Breakdown or breakthrough? A history of European research into drugs and creativity".

2243:

and sense of well-being. About 36% of participants also had a strong to extreme "experience of fear" or

2108: 1525:("LSD — my problem child"), Hofmann described the problematic use of these hallucinogens as inebriants. 1146:

curbed scientific research into the effects of psilocybin and other hallucinogens, its popularity as an

26098: 25688: 25152: 24288: 23863: 23126: 22702: 22294: 21951: 21356: 20845: 16198: 16121: 13958: 13928: 12584:"The abuse potential of medical psilocybin according to the 8 factors of the Controlled Substances Act" 10818:"Presence of phenylethylamine in hallucinogenic Psilocybe mushroom: possible role in adverse reactions" 7133:

Heimann H (1994). "Experience of time and space in model psychoses". In Pletscher A, Ladewig D (eds.).

4618:"The abuse potential of medical psilocybin according to the 8 factors of the Controlled Substances Act" 4534: 4131: 3129: 2902: 2324: 1789: 1458: 1429: 549: 251: 198: 5335:

Tylš F, Páleníček T, Horáček J (March 2014). "Psilocybin--summary of knowledge and new perspectives".

570: 26083: 25675: 25585: 25230: 25167: 24505: 16928: 16462: 16331: 16240: 10016:"Receptor interaction profiles of novel psychoactive tryptamines compared with classic hallucinogens" 6826:

Griffiths RR, Johnson MW, Richards WA, Richards BD, Jesse R, MacLean KA, et al. (January 2018).

5738: 4314: 4217: 4142:. Beginning in the 2000s, psilocybin has been investigated for its possible role in the treatment of 4079:

In modern Mexico, traditional ceremonial use survives among several indigenous groups, including the

3615: 3417: 3397: 3373: 2838: 2529:

has been genetically modified to manufacture large amounts of psilocybin. Psilocybin can be produced

2139:

that provide access to sacred worlds. Typically used in small group community settings, they enhance

1601:

conducted early experiments into the effects of psychedelic drugs, including psilocybin (1989 photo).

1502: 1413: 1353: 1169:

in the early 1960s. Once ingested, psilocybin is rapidly metabolized to psilocin, which then acts on

472: 25421: 13209:

Raison CL, Sanacora G, Woolley J, Heinzerling K, Dunlop BW, Brown RT, et al. (September 2023).

11822:

Supplemento Agli Annali dei Musei Civici di Rovereto Sezione Archeologica, Storia e Scienze Naturali

11621: 8869: 7904:

Drugs During Pregnancy and Lactation: Handbook of Prescription Drugs and Comparative Risk Assessment

6256: 4850: 3193:

Psilocybin is converted in the liver to the pharmacologically active psilocin, which is then either

25087: 24310: 23877: 23169: 22955: 22747: 21386: 17550: 16434: 16316: 11874: 11716:

Wurst M, Semerdžieva M, Vokoun J (1984). "Analysis of psychotropic compounds in fungi of the genus

9287: 7248: 5590:"The oldest representations of hallucinogenic mushrooms in the world (Sahara Desert, 9000-7000 BP)" 4292: 4073:

psilocybin mushrooms may be the most prevalent psychedelic drug among adults in the United States.

4009: 3452: 3405: 2880: 2401: 1667:

and colleagues suggests that a single high dosage of psilocybin can cause long-term changes in the

1634: 1630: 1545:

explains, "These authors adapted San Antonio's technique (for producing edible mushrooms by casing

1438:

magazine. Later the same year they were accompanied on a follow-up expedition by French mycologist

832: 266: 25187: 12336:

Hardon A, van Schipstal I, Berning M, Mishra S, Murray H, Mandler T, et al. (December 2020).

10900:(2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Association for Clinical Chemistry Press. p. 281. 7840: 4439:), psilocybine, psilocibin, psilocybinum, psilotsibin, and psilocin phosphate ester, among others. 3041:, which are also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors. In rats, psilocin binds with high 1307: 25052: 24963: 24958: 24760: 24057: 23623: 23460: 22945: 22367: 21686: 21535: 20900: 20075: 19760: 19301: 17489: 17443: 17202: 10015: 9178: 9050:

Cleansing the Doors of Perception: The Religious Significance of Entheogenic Plants and Chemicals

6738: 6580:"Hallucinogenic Drug Psilocybin Eases Existential Anxiety in People With Life-Threatening Cancer" 5456: 5281:"Acute Adverse Effects of Therapeutic Doses of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" 4397: 4356: 3425: 3246: 2187: 2183: 2041:

can develop between psilocybin and the pharmacologically similar LSD, and between psilocybin and

1646: 1215: 235: 25714: 12098:"Psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences: immediate and persisting dose-related effects" 10940: 10934: 9084:(1991). "Pahnke's "Good Friday Experiment": a long-term follow-up and methodological critique". 6607:"Psilocybin occasioned mystical-type experiences: immediate and persisting dose-related effects" 5766:"Religious use of hallucinogenic fungi: A comparison between Siberian and Mesoamerican Cultures" 5611:

Akers BP, Ruiz JF, Piper A, Ruck CA (2011). "A prehistoric mural in Spain depicting neurotropic

1493:

became a testing ground for psilocybin, through the efforts of Timothy Leary and his associates

1416:, a physician, studied the ritual use of psychoactive mushrooms by the native population in the 26088: 25983: 24933: 24620: 24529: 24521: 24086: 24053: 23695: 23611: 23456: 23013: 22937: 22883: 22446: 22383: 22359: 22126: 21748: 21710: 21678: 21653: 21001: 20916: 20892: 20640: 20429: 20284: 20091: 20087: 20067: 19768: 19752: 19380: 19317: 19297: 18986: 18517: 17193: 16408: 16326: 16126: 16053: 15806: 15766: 15738: 13725: 13673: 12183: 11599:. Beihefte Zur Nova Hedwigia. Heft 74. Vaduz, Liechtenstein: J. Cramer. pp. 361–362. 9022: 8864: 7571:

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between unrelated mushroom species. In general, psilocybin-containing species are dark-spored,

3723: 3591: 3519: 3385: 3313: 3274: 2510: 2305: 2252: 2002: 1854:, in which affected individuals become anxious, confused, agitated, or disoriented. Accidents, 1676: 1668: 1425: 1247: 457: 394: 15644: 15639: 12667: 10965: 10893: 10478: 9054: 9048: 8772: 8764: 8078: 7902: 7863: 6730: 6444: 6411: 6056: 5851: 4893: 4688:

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The intensity and duration of the effects of psilocybin are variable, depending on species or

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3894: 3758: 3627: 3409: 3278: 3270: 3085:(mimicking the mind distortion present in psychosis) effects of psilocin can be blocked in a 2823: 2171: 1704:(100%), including increases (56%), decreases (13%), and variable responses (31%); changes in 1074: 785: 588: 25560: 12709: 11677:"A worldwide geographical distribution of the neurotropic fungi, an analysis and discussion" 11487:"A worldwide geographical distribution of the neurotropic fungi, an analysis and discussion" 10740:

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is approximately 12.5 mg/kg. Psilocybin comprises approximately 1% of the weight of

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structure. There are two known crystalline polymorphs of psilocybin, as well as reported

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Griffiths RR, Johnson MW, Richards WA, Richards BD, McCann U, Jesse R (December 2011).

6562: 6483: 6392: 6276: 6043: 5969: 5632: 5413: 5386: 5360: 5181: 5155:"Therapeutic use of psilocybin: Practical considerations for dosing and administration" 5154: 4974: 4947: 4871: 4815: 4764: 4739: 4713: 4642: 4617: 4436: 4402: 4384: 4202: 4147: 4135: 4084: 3933: 3808: 3752: 3727: 3717:(1 species). Guzmán increased his estimate of the number of psilocybin-containing 3644: 3643:

mushrooms. In a 2000 review on the worldwide distribution of hallucinogenic mushrooms,

3603: 3465: 3381: 3297: 3022:, which refers to a compound capable of promoting rapid and sustained neuroplasticity. 2467: 2339: 2232: 2085: 1894: 1863: 1534: 1490: 1463: 1397: 1166: 1126: 13296:

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documented the worldwide practices of psilocybin mushroom usage as part of a cultural

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9412: 9356: 9272: 9260: 9162: 9124: 9058: 9014: 8932: 8882: 8828: 8801: 8776: 8745: 8731: 8693: 8679: 8638: 8570: 8527: 8481: 8438: 8395: 8391: 8318: 8283: 8233: 8229: 8180: 8084: 8044: 8040: 8000: 7972: 7960: 7908: 7869: 7817: 7768: 7705: 7695: 7602: 7553: 7504: 7469: 7423: 7393: 7333: 7271: 7221: 7178: 7138: 7113: 7092: 7063: 7026: 7022: 6989: 6958:] (PhD thesis) (in French). Paris, France: Paris University Medical Dissertation. 6917: 6857: 6808: 6742: 6683: 6636: 6554: 6487: 6384: 6329: 6284: 6235: 6210: 6048: 5961: 5957: 5921: 5859: 5830: 5802: 5744: 5707: 5675: 5568: 5534: 5418: 5352: 5310: 5256: 5225: 5186: 5126: 5030: 4979: 4899: 4863: 4819: 4807: 4769: 4705: 4647: 4633: 4407: 3839: 3783: 3507: 3225: 3217: 3151: 3026: 2442: 2405: 2240: 2151:

relating to the Earth and mysteries of nature, and suggested that mushrooms enhanced

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of illicit drugs. Such restrictions on the use of these drugs in human research made

1471: 1263: 1255: 1203: 1049:. Psilocybin is itself biologically inactive but is quickly converted by the body to 442: 419: 12807: 11971: 11852: 11546: 11456: 11413: 11024: 10034: 9684: 9667: 9424: 8944: 8493: 8450: 8407: 8364: 8295: 8245: 7694:. Ralph Metzner, Ram Dass, activeth century Karma-gliṅ-pa. New York: Citadel Press. 7464: 7447: 7345: 7233: 7001: 6695: 6396: 5973: 5364: 5348: 4717: 1934:

of psilocybin has been extrapolated to be 6 grams, 1000 times greater than the

1134:

marketed and sold pure psilocybin to physicians and clinicians worldwide for use in

25699: 25032: 24537: 23081: 22903: 22316: 21555: 21539: 21525: 21428: 21252: 20863: 18804: 18474: 18313: 17088: 16728: 15954: 15751: 15447: 13704: 13660: 13623: 13615: 13573: 13539: 13535: 13500: 13474: 13437: 13429: 13390: 13354: 13317: 13309: 13270: 13230: 13222: 13183: 13143: 13135: 13081: 13071: 12977: 12969: 12928: 12920: 12879: 12869: 12830: 12795: 12735: 12640: 12603: 12595: 12568: 12548: 12359: 12349: 12117: 12109: 11951: 11909: 11848: 11794: 11756: 11729: 11637: 11542: 11444: 11393: 11358: 11323: 11288: 11223: 11192: 11156: 11121: 11086: 11051: 11012: 10866: 10829: 10763: 10753: 10714: 10679: 10644: 10604: 10594: 10555: 10449: 10439: 10395: 10387: 10343: 10333: 10185: 10177: 10136: 10128: 10087: 10077: 10030: 9986: 9976: 9935: 9894: 9886: 9837: 9829: 9778: 9731: 9723: 9679: 9640: 9598: 9588: 9542: 9502: 9494: 9404: 9250: 9234: 9174: 9154: 9112: 9004: 8996: 8924: 8878: 8874: 8735: 8727: 8683: 8675: 8562: 8519: 8473: 8430: 8387: 8352: 8275: 8225: 8192: 8172: 8036: 7952: 7807: 7799: 7758: 7748: 7592: 7584: 7543: 7535: 7496: 7459: 7383: 7375: 7325: 7283: 7263: 7213: 7190: 7170: 7084: 7055: 7038: 7018: 6981: 6847: 6839: 6798: 6790: 6675: 6626: 6618: 6546: 6479: 6416: 6376: 6268: 6166: 6097: 6038: 6030: 5996: 5953: 5777: 5636: 5624: 5524: 5514: 5408: 5398: 5344: 5300: 5292: 5248: 5217: 5176: 5166: 5116: 5105:"Psilocybin in neuropsychiatry: a review of its pharmacology, safety, and efficacy" 5020: 5010: 4969: 4959: 4875: 4855: 4799: 4759: 4751: 4697: 4637: 4629: 4389: 4337: 4198: 4163: 4155: 4130:

Psilocybin has been a subject of clinical research since the early 1960s, when the

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9668:"Biosynthesis of psilocybin. II. Incorporation of labelled tryptamine derivatives" 8539: 8208: 7956: 7329: 1890:(PEA), indicating that PEA may contribute to the effects of psilocybin poisoning. 1391: 685: 25657: 25315: 24340: 23415: 22894: 22024: 21559: 21547: 21507: 21452: 21103: 20656: 20485: 20347: 20236: 19922: 19623: 18919: 18809: 18421: 18413: 18409: 18264: 17929: 17113: 17008: 16923: 16883: 16705: 16505: 15070: 14973: 13753: 13710: 13394: 12834: 11279:

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contain psychoactive compounds, although the caps consistently contain more. The

3421: 3361: 3333: 3281:(ADH) into 4-HTOL. Within 24 hours, about 65% of the absorbed psilocybin is 3242: 3238: 3209: 3197:

to be excreted in the urine or further converted to various psilocin metabolites.

3194: 3178: 3147: 3082: 3075: 3068: 3061: 3046: 3019: 2706: 2667: 2654: 2641: 2628: 2615: 2602: 2589: 2576: 2486: 2453: 2421: 2370: 2228: 2144: 2065: 2061: 2038: 1822: 1781: 1761: 1606: 1589: 1578: 1434: 1406: 1341: 1287: 1234: 1158: 507: 468: 404: 377: 25446: 22102: 20616: 18865: 12708:

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The psychedelic experience : a manual based on the Tibetan book of the dead

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and have a significantly lower potential for abuse than other Schedule I drugs.

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first documented their use in the sixteenth century. In 1958, the Swiss chemist

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Psychedelic Medicine: New Evidence for Hallucinogenic Substances as Treatments

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Serotonin receptors are located in numerous parts of the brain, including the

2025:

Chart of dependence potential and effective dose/lethal dose ratio of several

1291: 1199: 1053:, which has mind-altering effects similar, in some aspects, to those of other 26062: 25779: 25542: 25210: 24903: 24605: 24580: 24314: 24171: 24102: 23932: 23893: 23881: 23173: 23121: 23071: 22755: 22751: 22714: 22697: 22552: 22529: 21824: 21764: 21390: 21368: 21326: 21227: 21021: 20974: 20710: 20379: 19959: 19680: 19415: 19099: 18998: 18972: 18896: 18845: 18646: 18641: 18561: 18464: 18331: 18259: 18129: 18124: 18114: 17909: 17894: 16998: 16829: 16700: 16615: 16609: 16603: 16536: 16495: 16430: 16156: 16058: 15865: 15517: 15477: 15472: 15467: 15462: 12973: 12924: 12644: 12552: 12486: 12323: 10391: 9116: 9000: 8138:"On the presumed French case of fatality caused by ingestion of Liberty Caps" 7709: 7174: 6843: 6794: 6491: 6380: 6034: 5863: 4584: 4225: 4167: 3890: 3769: 3640: 3369: 3349: 3329: 3266: 3109: 2473: 2433: 2393: 2389: 2374: 2206:

considered the study partially flawed due to incorrect implementation of the

2175: 2159: 2103: 1990: 1978: 1914: 1906: 1867: 1650: 1610: 1598: 1494: 1162: 1089: 1070: 1062: 943: 848: 434: 13313: 13226: 10742:"In vitro and in vivo metabolism of psilocybin's active metabolite psilocin" 10132: 7313: 4208:, have found that single doses of psilocybin produce rapid and long-lasting 3800: 3308:, one of the primary breakdown metabolites of consumed alcohol, reacts with 25934: 25847: 25831: 25785: 25647: 25627: 25496: 25491: 25461: 25456: 25451: 25398: 25127: 25022: 24983: 24968: 24953: 24943: 24938: 24898: 24795: 24790: 24785: 24780: 24770: 24765: 24745: 24358: 24344: 24318: 24213: 24203: 24114: 24094: 24047: 23988: 23885: 23798: 23783: 23768: 23715: 23699: 23595: 23520: 23487: 23305: 23187: 23101: 22949: 22781: 22617: 22612: 22572: 22524: 22478: 22462: 22312: 22106: 21906: 21756: 21616: 21551: 21458: 21444: 21416: 21404: 21346: 21297: 21287: 21257: 21237: 21212: 21157: 21128: 21118: 21073: 21041: 21029: 21025: 21009: 20954: 20620: 20540: 20390: 20263: 20061: 20045: 19979: 19795: 19774: 19741: 19696: 19558: 19503: 19403: 19127: 19044: 18990: 18980: 18761: 18681: 18391: 18284: 18049: 18034: 18019: 18014: 17999: 17994: 17899: 17173: 17123: 17098: 17093: 17073: 16903: 16592: 16424: 16296: 16131: 15699: 15532: 15457: 15452: 14963: 14918: 13933: 13778: 13738: 13696: 13637: 13585: 13547: 13486: 13451: 13402: 13366: 13331: 13282: 13244: 13195: 13157: 13095: 12991: 12942: 12893: 12842: 12617: 12560: 12131: 12003: 11963: 11860: 11405: 11370: 11300: 11063: 10878: 10777: 10726: 10691: 10656: 10618: 10567: 10463: 10409: 10357: 10199: 10150: 10101: 10042: 10000: 9949: 9908: 9851: 9745: 9652: 9644: 9612: 9554: 9516: 9416: 9264: 9166: 9018: 8936: 8749: 8697: 8574: 8531: 8442: 8399: 8309:

Mack RB (October 1983). "Phenomenally phunny phungi--psilocybin toxicity".

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Psilocybin is known to strongly influence the subjective experience of the

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Arici M, Altun B, Araz M, Atmaca A, Demir T, Ecder T, et al. (1975).

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Various chromatographic methods have been developed to detect psilocin in

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under the supervision of Timothy Leary, almost all of the graduate degree

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cultures on a rye grain substrate; San Antonio 1971) to the production of

1383:

Albert Hofmann (shown here in 1993) purified psilocybin and psilocin from

1379: 26031: 25843: 25823: 25771: 25684: 25642: 25637: 25617: 25612: 25594: 25516: 25147: 24978: 24948: 24893: 24810: 24775: 24755: 24740: 24304: 24296: 24207: 24199: 24195: 24175: 24163: 24154: 24134: 24122: 24106: 24090: 23928: 23858: 23803: 23773: 23719: 23707: 23591: 23587: 23516: 23437: 23270: 23177: 23154: 23149: 23138: 23096: 23076: 23051: 23036: 22998: 22812: 22777: 22726: 22718: 22692: 22642: 22632: 22582: 22576: 22568: 22564: 22539: 22494: 22486: 22466: 22454: 22441: 22436: 22405: 22263: 22187: 22009: 21963: 21941: 21891: 21881: 21871: 21840: 21800: 21796: 21788: 21768: 21752: 21743: 21647: 21596: 21492: 21424: 21408: 21380: 21372: 21318: 21306: 21277: 21272: 21262: 21242: 21177: 21172: 21161: 21153: 21149: 21093: 21089: 21081: 21065: 21061: 21049: 21045: 21033: 21017: 20982: 20964: 20804: 20722: 20714: 20532: 20528: 20423: 20419: 20325: 20204: 20188: 20127: 20079: 20057: 20053: 20049: 20037: 20029: 19963: 19903: 19899: 19838: 19819: 19737: 19729: 19671: 19641: 19608: 19594: 19483: 19472: 19443: 19388: 19384: 19242: 19232: 19172: 19103: 19090: 19085: 19065: 19040: 19018: 19002: 18956: 18947: 18942: 18814: 18766: 18756: 18741: 18736: 18726: 18691: 18631: 18626: 18616: 18459: 18417: 18376: 18336: 18321: 18119: 18089: 18084: 17979: 17974: 17969: 17145: 17108: 17103: 17083: 17048: 16963: 16948: 16943: 16938: 16933: 16908: 16898: 16839: 16834: 16819: 16794: 16743: 16733: 16690: 16674: 16637: 16515: 16478: 16151: 15984: 15709: 15416: 14913: 14822: 13863: 13122:

Wang SM, Kim S, Choi WS, Lim HK, Woo YS, Pae CU, et al. (May 2024).

12874: 12723:

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (November 2011).

12582:

Johnson MW, Griffiths RR, Hendricks PS, Henningfield JE (November 2018).

11076: 9981: 9081: 8287: 7868:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. p. 199. 7753: 7735:

Dos Santos RG, Bouso JC, Rocha JM, Rossi GN, Hallak JE (April 24, 2024).

7379: 6728: 5782: 5765: 5439: 4616:

Johnson MW, Griffiths RR, Hendricks PS, Henningfield JE (November 2018).

4580: 4521: 4304: 4096: 3855: 3567: 3460: 3448: 3432: 3357: 3234: 3150:, and are involved in a wide range of functions, including regulation of 3136: 3121: 3113: 3008:

The smaller the value, the more avidly psilocin interacts with the site.

2810: 2797: 2784: 2771: 2758: 2745: 2335: 2316: 2288: 2231:(Ritalin) in separate sessions; the methylphenidate sessions served as a 2203: 1931: 1855: 1733: 1729: 1709: 1638: 1521:, he never advocated their legalization or medical use. In his 1979 book 1449:

Heim cultivated the mushrooms in France and sent samples for analysis to

1319: 1271: 1230: 1117: 1109: 1035: 438: 25441: 25426: 13139: 13058:

Więckiewicz G, Stokłosa I, Piegza M, Gorczyca P, Pudlo R (August 2021).

11985: 11913: 9571:

Serreau R, Amirouche A, Benyamina A, Berteina-Raboin S (December 2022).

9570: 8378:

Simeon D (2004). "Depersonalisation disorder: a contemporary overview".

5403: 4044:" and argue bans are cultural discrimination against traditional users. 3647:

and colleagues considered these to be distributed amongst the following

3189: 2342:, found in many plant species and in trace amounts in some mammals, and 705: 26023: 26014: 25991: 25973: 25944: 25939: 25919: 25835: 25827: 25805: 25746: 25694: 25670: 25665: 25622: 25481: 25289: 25284: 25279: 25235: 25225: 25137: 25037: 25008: 24883: 24873: 24863: 24833: 24730: 24715: 24680: 24575: 24388: 24322: 24233: 24228: 24223: 24218: 24191: 24183: 24167: 24144: 24130: 24126: 24118: 23993: 23946: 23936: 23828: 23823: 23808: 23788: 23727: 23723: 23674: 23669: 23663: 23643: 23575: 23526: 23497: 23492: 23441: 23345: 23315: 23218: 23197: 23116: 23111: 23106: 23086: 23066: 23041: 23025: 23021: 22963: 22899: 22787: 22710: 22647: 22627: 22622: 22602: 22587: 22560: 22548: 22534: 22514: 22504: 22490: 22482: 22474: 22415: 22399: 22339: 22308: 22298: 22284: 22242: 22237: 22199: 21896: 21866: 21861: 21846: 21836: 21820: 21792: 21784: 21726: 21626: 21608: 21463: 21432: 21364: 21322: 21314: 21282: 21247: 21217: 21187: 21167: 21145: 21137: 21123: 21108: 21085: 21077: 21069: 21053: 21005: 20969: 20949: 20932: 20859: 20849: 20830: 20815: 20783: 20778: 20768: 20726: 20450: 20415: 20396: 20370: 20305: 20288: 20278: 20178: 20168: 20138: 20113: 20041: 20033: 20010: 19971: 19940: 19859: 19849: 19823: 19815: 19811: 19807: 19799: 19790: 19733: 19725: 19688: 19661: 19646: 19599: 19578: 19573: 19568: 19538: 19528: 19508: 19493: 19463: 19447: 19431: 19427: 19423: 19407: 19392: 19359: 19354: 19344: 19321: 19292: 19237: 19227: 19222: 19207: 19187: 19177: 19167: 19111: 19050: 19032: 19014: 19010: 18976: 18964: 18835: 18746: 18731: 18721: 18711: 18701: 18676: 18656: 18636: 18583: 18573: 18386: 18381: 18356: 18164: 18044: 18004: 17944: 17924: 17078: 17068: 17018: 16978: 16849: 16824: 16804: 16789: 16784: 16695: 16664: 16656: 16556: 16520: 16484: 16467: 16376: 16301: 16291: 16286: 16281: 16235: 16161: 15838: 15833: 15542: 15522: 15391: 14923: 14888: 14817: 14787: 14752: 14470: 14450: 14392: 14372: 13808: 13798: 13758: 13748: 13260: 13076: 12354: 12337: 11937:"Detecting psychoactive drugs in the developmental stages of mushrooms" 11649: 11429:"Use of high-temperature liquid chromatography with sub-2 μm particle C 10856: 10718: 10114: 9709: 9593: 9408: 9246: 8928: 8765:"Therapeutic bases of psychedelic medicines: psychointegrative effects" 8340: 6985: 6280: 4310: 3886: 3882: 3863: 3701: 3671: 3659: 3639:

Psilocybin is present in varying concentrations in over 200 species of

3229: 3155: 3097: 2461: 2457: 2397: 2366: 2331: 2328: 2313: 2284: 2122: 2077: 1969: 1701: 1684: 1439: 1368: 1323: 1303: 1113: 1066: 908: 716: 482: 261: 15669: 13033:"FDA tags psilocybin drug as clinical depression Breakthrough Therapy" 11955: 11125: 10648: 9867:"Reconstituting the complete biosynthesis of D-lysergic acid in yeast" 9573:"A Review of Synthetic Access to Therapeutic Compounds Extracted from 7573:"Default Mode Network Modulation by Psychedelics: A Systematic Review" 7446:

Soares C, Gonzalo G, Castelhano J, Castelo-Branco M (September 2023).

7137:. New York, New York: The Parthenon Publishing Group. pp. 59–66. 6659:

Hasler F, Grimberg U, Benz MA, Huber T, Vollenweider FX (March 2004).

4803: 3439:

method based on HPLC; HPLC with electrochemical detection; GC–MS; and

3100:. Various lines of evidence have shown that interactions with non-5-HT 1237:

illustrate several mushrooms that have been tentatively identified as

26042: 26027: 25999: 25968: 25963: 25958: 25909: 25904: 25894: 25839: 25819: 25800: 25795: 25767: 25722: 25710: 25580: 25575: 25565: 25476: 25471: 25431: 25360: 25355: 25264: 25162: 25142: 25102: 25027: 24973: 24918: 24908: 24888: 24878: 24868: 24858: 24853: 24843: 24838: 24800: 24735: 24725: 24710: 24700: 24685: 24675: 24665: 24655: 24645: 24610: 24557: 24382: 24300: 24292: 24278: 24248: 24238: 24110: 24098: 24065: 24038: 24033: 24028: 23983: 23940: 23871: 23867: 23853: 23848: 23843: 23838: 23818: 23711: 23703: 23631: 23606: 23502: 23482: 23451: 23401: 23381: 23366: 23350: 23335: 23330: 23320: 23310: 23300: 23285: 23280: 23275: 23265: 23192: 23134: 23130: 23091: 23061: 23046: 23031: 23017: 22993: 22959: 22922: 22911: 22875: 22803: 22742: 22722: 22706: 22687: 22682: 22677: 22667: 22662: 22652: 22637: 22607: 22470: 22458: 22450: 22371: 22354: 22349: 22344: 22334: 22324: 22302: 22289: 22279: 22274: 22231: 22152: 22147: 22142: 22137: 22114: 22110: 22088: 22084: 22076: 21989: 21969: 21959: 21955: 21946: 21936: 21926: 21921: 21916: 21911: 21901: 21886: 21876: 21851: 21811: 21772: 21760: 21698: 21673: 21668: 21663: 21620: 21565: 21468: 21448: 21440: 21436: 21376: 21360: 21330: 21267: 21232: 21202: 21057: 21037: 21013: 20990: 20986: 20904: 20877: 20867: 20853: 20825: 20820: 20773: 20762: 20693: 20661: 20651: 20628: 20624: 20602: 20598: 20590: 20536: 20524: 20520: 20516: 20455: 20406: 20401: 20365: 20269: 20254: 20221: 20183: 20173: 20163: 20158: 20153: 20148: 20143: 20133: 20118: 20108: 20015: 19945: 19879: 19874: 19864: 19854: 19844: 19829: 19803: 19716: 19711: 19700: 19666: 19553: 19548: 19498: 19453: 19435: 19411: 19364: 19313: 19305: 19282: 19277: 19257: 19252: 19247: 19212: 19192: 19131: 19080: 19070: 19060: 19055: 19028: 19024: 19006: 18994: 18968: 18937: 18850: 18840: 18796: 18786: 18771: 18716: 18651: 18621: 18611: 18566: 18491: 18371: 18361: 18351: 18326: 18194: 18189: 18159: 18134: 18094: 18074: 17984: 17954: 17949: 17914: 17889: 17464: 17459: 17454: 17063: 17043: 16988: 16913: 16873: 16814: 16799: 16774: 16715: 16669: 16576: 16561: 16551: 16366: 16361: 16351: 16271: 16266: 16225: 16193: 16188: 16141: 16100: 16048: 16038: 16025: 16020: 15979: 15949: 15912: 15885: 15875: 15796: 15791: 15786: 15527: 15482: 14797: 14792: 14782: 14777: 14772: 14762: 14757: 14747: 14742: 14674: 13943: 13743: 12581: 10815: 10322:"Psychedelics and Other Psychoplastogens for Treating Mental Illness" 8980:

Griffiths R, Richards W, Johnson M, McCann U, Jesse R (August 2008).

8420: 7992:

The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals

7445: 6529: 6000: 4997:

Szafoni S, Gręblowski P, Grabowska K, Więckiewicz G (June 11, 2024).

4996: 4615: 4513: 4432: 4345: 3870: 3859: 3731: 3707: 3677: 3665: 3653: 3477:

Maximum reported psilocybin concentrations (% dry weight) in 12

3220:, whereby its concentration is greatly reduced before it reaches the 3133: 2551: 2386: 2343: 2320: 2244: 2136: 2131: 2081: 2046: 1974: 1965: 1725: 1697: 1642: 1564: 1475: 1330: 1283: 1259: 1207: 1147: 671: 609: 453: 223: 13256: 13254: 12778:

Guzmán G (2008). "Hallucinogenic mushrooms in Mexico: an overview".

11641: 11428: 10669: 9815: 9727: 9238: 7203: 6272: 6234:(2nd ed.). San Francisco, California: Quick American Archives. 5589: 3850:

of these mushrooms do not contain psilocybin or psilocin. The total

2135:("the god within"), the mushrooms are revered as powerful spiritual 1748: 26037: 25914: 25899: 25815: 25810: 25763: 25738: 25726: 25680: 25632: 25259: 25244: 25112: 25107: 24705: 24690: 24670: 24660: 24650: 24640: 24635: 24547: 24542: 24378: 24374: 24352: 24348: 24159: 24138: 24003: 23924: 23907: 23601: 23579: 23563: 23512: 23433: 23163: 23056: 22977: 22927: 22917: 22808: 22773: 22769: 22737: 22544: 22498: 22391: 22203: 22179: 22132: 22005: 21828: 21816: 21718: 21592: 21543: 21530: 21484: 21420: 21412: 21341: 21133: 21113: 21097: 20959: 20924: 20730: 20698: 20646: 20576: 20512: 20508: 20383: 20375: 20329: 20321: 20259: 20217: 20213: 20209: 20123: 20020: 19990: 19955: 19907: 19895: 19834: 19676: 19656: 19651: 19604: 19468: 19458: 19439: 19349: 19339: 19329: 19262: 19182: 19162: 19137: 19115: 19095: 19075: 19036: 18830: 18781: 18706: 18671: 18532: 18527: 18501: 18486: 18481: 18469: 18341: 18274: 18169: 18139: 18104: 18099: 18064: 17939: 17128: 16983: 16893: 16854: 16809: 16779: 16546: 16490: 16371: 16276: 16261: 16256: 16183: 16136: 16095: 16063: 15870: 15634: 15502: 14699: 14684: 14669: 14664: 14621: 13733: 12275:"Title 16, Chapter 13: Crimes and Offenses - Controlled Substances" 11040: 8662:

Passie T, Halpern JH, Stichtenoth DO, Emrich HM, Hintzen A (2008).

4489: 4104: 4092: 4088: 3982: 3713: 3695: 3282: 3163: 3105: 3030: 2477: 2354: 2353:

Psilocybin is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water,

2271: 2191: 2073: 1951: 1902: 1879: 1784:). Ingesting psilocybin in combination with other drugs, including 1777: 1720:(86%), including increases (80%) and decreases (6%); nausea (44%); 1626: 1618: 1546: 1498: 1154: 1093: 1058: 1050: 765: 696: 536: 488: 386: 13338: 12858:"Potential Therapeutic Effects of Psilocybin: A Systematic Review" 12739: 11216:

Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications

11079:

Journal of Chromatography. B, Biomedical Sciences and Applications

9318:"Paul McHugh reviews Don Lattin's "The Harvard Psychedelic Club."" 7788:"Psilocybin-assisted group therapy: A new hope for demoralization" 7008: 6903:"The adverse effects of hallucinogens from intramural perspective" 6729:

Ballesteros S, Ramón MF, Iturralde MJ, Martínez-Arrieta R (2006).

4493: 4476:. Regional sites focusing on hallucinogenic mushrooms listed were 3143:

with moderate affinity, compared to LSD which has lower affinity.

1804: 1743: 931: 26019: 25734: 25730: 25604: 25570: 25403: 25274: 24993: 24988: 24149: 24043: 23998: 23889: 23748: 23743: 23738: 23733: 23659: 23144: 23008: 22967: 22732: 22657: 22410: 22219: 22066: 21984: 21292: 21222: 21192: 20746: 20581: 20570: 20504: 20411: 20274: 20025: 19721: 19533: 19523: 19513: 19272: 19267: 19157: 18776: 18549: 18537: 18405: 18269: 18249: 18244: 18179: 18174: 18109: 18079: 18069: 18029: 17934: 17871: 17866: 17856: 17841: 17836: 17816: 17811: 17806: 17781: 17776: 17766: 17761: 17751: 17741: 17726: 17716: 17711: 17706: 17696: 17691: 17686: 17681: 17671: 17666: 17661: 17656: 17651: 17646: 17636: 17631: 17626: 17621: 17616: 17611: 17606: 17601: 17596: 17591: 17586: 17581: 17576: 17571: 17566: 17561: 17433: 17423: 17413: 17403: 17398: 17393: 17378: 17368: 17358: 17353: 17348: 17343: 17338: 17038: 17033: 17028: 17023: 16769: 16642: 16381: 15746: 15694: 15629: 15426: 14978: 14548: 14528: 14523: 14260: 14225: 14215: 14205: 14200: 14195: 14185: 13948: 13913: 13903: 13888: 13868: 13793: 13251: 13057: 10739: 10733: 7988: 7135:

50 Years of LSD. Current Status and Perspectives of Hallucinogens

6366: 6207:

Pharmacotheon: Entheogenic Drugs, their Plant Sources and History

5460: 4895:

Psilocybin Mushroom Handbook: Easy Indoor and Outdoor Cultivation

4517: 4505: 4497: 4473: 4457: 4253: 4213: 4052: 3878: 3735: 3689: 3683: 3337: 3254: 3034: 2378: 2362: 2358: 2236: 2097: 2069: 1947: 1859: 1843: 1768:. These results are consistent with the drug's role in affecting 1417: 1349: 1275: 1223: 1219: 1097: 1038: 13665: 13563: 13208: 12513:(Report). Australian Psychedelic Society Inc. January 30, 2019. 12335: 12095: 11899: 11348: 8850:"Hallucinogenic drugs and plants in psychotherapy and shamanism" 7995:(13th ed.). Whitehouse Station, New Jersey: Merck. p. 6825: 6604: 4060:

mushrooms showing the characteristic blue bruising on the stems.

3435:: the rapid emergency drug identification system (REMEDi HS), a 26047: 25949: 25759: 25220: 25182: 25117: 25082: 25077: 24998: 24023: 23813: 23639: 23635: 23376: 22420: 22269: 22195: 22183: 22062: 22058: 20887: 20810: 20718: 20706: 20702: 20666: 20566: 20562: 19563: 18696: 18661: 18598: 18522: 18454: 18429: 18289: 18279: 18224: 18144: 18009: 17964: 17959: 17919: 17904: 17540: 17535: 17530: 17525: 17520: 17515: 17510: 17505: 17500: 17323: 17318: 17313: 17308: 17303: 17288: 17278: 17268: 17258: 17253: 17248: 17213: 17013: 16759: 16400: 15689: 15679: 15421: 15360: 15250: 15191: 15181: 14339: 14290: 14285: 14165: 14160: 14155: 14140: 14135: 14130: 14105: 14070: 14065: 14060: 14055: 14050: 14045: 14040: 13893: 13878: 13873: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13818: 13803: 13788: 13768: 13559: 13557: 13379: 12222: 6083: 5594:

Integration. Zeitschrift für geistbewegende Pflanzen und Kultur

5278: 5202: 5200: 4611: 4609: 4453: 4449: 4080: 3648: 3250: 3167: 3112:, and some psychotomimetic symptoms of psilocin are reduced by 2309: 2093: 1850:

resulting from psilocybin mushroom use involves "bad trips" or

1721: 1454: 1357: 1251: 1131: 1078: 796: 24490: 13373: 13169: 13167: 12067:"'Magic Mushrooms' Can Improve Psychological Health Long Term" 11173: 8979: 8661: 7521: 7413: 6530:

van Amsterdam J, Opperhuizen A, van den Brink W (April 2011).

4469: 3979:

legal status of unauthorised actions with psilocybin mushrooms

3787:

Global distribution of over 100 psychoactive species of genus

2385:

values are estimated to be 1.3 and 6.5 for the two successive

25978: 25790: 25254: 24018: 24013: 23260: 23181: 20882: 20835: 19217: 18556: 18239: 18234: 18229: 18204: 18199: 18154: 18149: 18039: 17218: 16859: 16844: 16764: 16510: 16404: 16396: 16386: 15724: 15719: 15431: 15381: 15355: 15350: 15176: 15171: 14310: 14295: 14120: 14085: 14025: 14010: 13883: 13858: 13344: 11993:"List of psychotropic substances under international control" 10163: 9288:"Medical News: Psilocybin Viewed as Therapy or Research Tool" 8076: 7570: 4990: 4898:. Oakland, California: Quick American Archives. p. 164. 3898: 3847: 3739: 3296:(MAOI) have been known to prolong and enhance the effects of 3213: 2987: 2976: 2965: 2268: 2148: 1993:

can induce acute psychotic states requiring hospitalization.

1982: 1479: 1267: 1101: 1046: 922: 776: 614: 409: 13554: 13415: 12725:

Annual report 2011: the state of the drugs problem in Europe

10816:

Beck O, Helander A, Karlson-Stiber C, Stephansson N (1998).

9921: 9138:

Griffiths RR, Richards WA, McCann U, Jesse R (August 2006).

9137: 7942: 7522:

Chou T, Deckersbach T, Dougherty DD, Hooley JM (June 2023).

6412:"Psilocybin study hints at rebirth of hallucinogen research" 5555:. July 19, 2022. Archived from the original on July 19, 2022 5380: 5378: 5376: 5374: 5197: 4740:"Early-onset drug use and risk for drug dependence problems" 4687: 4606: 4587:. Behavioral effects, in contrast, can be observed directly. 4465: 2994: 2928: 2891: 2850: 2546: 1363:. The first reliably documented report of intoxication with 821: 25122: 25092: 25042: 23647: 22255: 22054: 22050: 22046: 21639: 20796: 20558: 20554: 20550: 19518: 18666: 18219: 18214: 18209: 18184: 17183: 16632: 16598: 16581: 15843: 15411: 15406: 15401: 15225: 15215: 15196: 15186: 14300: 14125: 14110: 14100: 14090: 14080: 14075: 14035: 14030: 14020: 14015: 14000: 13980: 13416:

Hovmand OR, Poulsen ED, Arnfred S, Storebø OJ (July 2023).

13173: 13164: 11720:

by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography".

11437:

Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies

10108: 9188: 7486: 5706:. White River Junction, Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing. 5330: 5328: 5206: 4524:

in 2006, but noted that many of these had ceased operation.

4501: 4481: 4461: 4326: 4322: 3777: 3304:

consumption may enhance the effects of psilocybin, because

3286: 2089: 1930:

value of rats. Based on the results of animal studies, the

1541:. Over 100,000 copies were sold by 1981. As ethnobiologist 1178:

in most countries, and psilocybin has been classified as a

756: 104: 95: 89: 13597: 13595: 13409: 13202: 12906: 12707: 10157: 10014:

Rickli A, Moning OD, Hoener MC, Liechti ME (August 2016).

9532: 8664:"The pharmacology of lysergic acid diethylamide: a review" 6316: 6118:"The War on Drugs turns 50 today. It's time to make peace" 5668:

Psilocybin Mushrooms of the World: An Identification Guide

5148: 5146: 5144: 5142: 5140: 2346:, found in the skin of certain amphibians, especially the 2117:

Psilocybin mushrooms have been and continue to be used in

2064:

in adulthood; this was in contrast to adolescent usage of

24007: 23583: 23445: 22215: 22157: 21570: 20742: 20671: 19975: 19119: 18346: 15260: 13898: 12955: 12669:

Mycophilia: Revelations from the Weird World of Mushrooms

11383: 10580: 10121:

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

10013: 7734: 7246: 7074: 7045: 5492: 5371: 5272: 4945: 4477: 3336:

kits—can be used to assess the presence of psilocybin in

2382: 1870:, it is recommended that pregnant women avoid its usage. 1453:, a chemist employed by the Swiss pharmaceutical company 1138:. Although the increasingly restrictive drug laws of the 142: 110: 36: 14583: 12710:

Considering Alternatives to Psychedelic Drug Prohibition

9472: 9053:. New York, New York: Jeremy P. Tarcher/Putnam. p. 8771:. Vol. 1. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger. pp. 7364:"Neuroanatomical and neurochemical substrates of timing" 7160: 6013: 5986: 5920:(3rd ed.). Berkeley, California: Ronin Publishing. 5325: 4333:

trials or received regulatory approval for medical use.

3904: 3285:

into the urine, and a further 15–20% is excreted in the

3273:

via MAO into 4-HIAL. 4-HIAL is subsequently oxidized by

1356:

included details about a "foolish mushroom" in his 1640

1278:, the language of the Aztecs, the mushrooms were called 1112:, the mushrooms had long been consumed in spiritual and 13592: 11002: 10320:

Vargas MV, Meyer R, Avanes AA, Rus M, Olson DE (2021).

10007: 9956: 9479:

Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry

6952:

La Psilocybine en Psychiatrie Clinique et Experimentale

6776: 6658: 6326:

European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction

5152: 5137: 4520:. The report detailed several additional sites selling 4431:

Synonyms and alternate spellings include 4-PO-DMT (PO:

3881:

contain some psilocybin, while young mycelia (recently

3241:, which can then be excreted in the urine. Psilocin is 2493:

More recent research has demonstrated that—at least in

1913:

mg/kg and in rats is 280 mg/kg. When administered

1569: 1432:", an article published in the popular American weekly 16212: 13661:

Psilocybin (COMP-360) - COMPASS Pathways - AdisInsight

11838: 11715: 10939:. New York, Chichester: John Wiley and Sons. pp. 9915: 8083:. Rochester, Vermont: Park Street Press. p. 147. 6777:

MacLean KA, Johnson MW, Griffiths RR (November 2011).

6319:

Hallucinogenic Mushrooms: An Emerging Trend Case Study

6084:

Matsushima Y, Eguchi F, Kikukawa T, Matsuda T (2009).

5098: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4935: 4933: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4485: 3216:. As it becomes converted to psilocin, it undergoes a 3177:

that may be associated with subjective experiences of

2918: 14437: 14359: 10634: 10480:

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Abused Drugs

10232: 9922:

Holze F, Singh N, Liechti ME, D'Souza DC (May 2024).

9630: 8077:

Strassman R, Wojtowicz S, Luna LE, Frecska E (2008).

7907:. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. p. 222. 5384: 5096: 5094: 5092: 5090: 5088: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5080: 5078: 4307:

of psilocybin over escitalopram appears to be small.

3372:

are used as chemical sprays to detect the drug after

2466:

N,N-dimethylation of tryptamine at the N position to

1985:. Psilocybin usage can temporarily induce a state of 1537:, K. Harrison McKenna, and Terence McKenna, entitled 139: 136: 122: 113: 101: 86: 83: 12998: 10319: 9353:

Handbook of the Behavioral Neurobiology of Serotonin

9220: 8334: 8332: 8265: 7577:

The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

6731:"Natural sources of drugs of abuse: magic mushrooms" 6016:"Human hallucinogen research: guidelines for safety" 5334: 4366: 3344:

to produce a yellow color, and a green color in the

1675:—showed an increase in the personality dimension of 145: 107: 92: 27:

Chemical compound found in some species of mushrooms

13458: 13117: 13115: 13113: 13111: 13109: 13107: 13105: 11208: 11206: 10206: 9394: 8505: 8503: 8204: 8202: 6724: 6722: 6720: 6209:. Kennewick, Washington: Natural Products Company. 5102: 4924: 3831:

is common in Europe, Canada, and the United States.

3722:increased by horizontal transfer of the psilocybin 3173:Psilocybin induces region-dependent alterations in 1124:isolated psilocybin and psilocin from the mushroom 98: 16175: 14734: 13601: 13295: 12249:"Proposed Initiative Enters Circulation (23-0004)" 11242: 10630: 10628: 10425: 9962: 8709: 8707: 8631:"Acute toxicity of drugs versus regulatory status" 8587: 8338: 8162: 8135: 7648: 7646: 7644: 7642: 6956:Psilocybin in Clinical and Experimental Psychiatry 6014:Johnson M, Richards W, Griffiths R (August 2008). 5943: 5610: 5236: 5153:MacCallum CA, Lo LA, Pistawka CA, Deol JK (2022). 5075: 3441:liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry 2903: 2377:between 220–228 °C (428–442 °F), and an 1905:. The lethal dose of psilocybin when administered 1866:. Although no studies have linked psilocybin with 1505:, suggested promising results using psilocybin in 1497:and Richard Alpert (who later changed his name to 550: 473: 18895: 15899: 14656: 11529:Guzmán G (2005). "Species diversity of the genus 10672:Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 8975: 8973: 8552: 8509: 8329: 7311: 6525: 6523: 6521: 6079: 6077: 5385:Coppola M, Bevione F, Mondola R (February 2022). 3920:Psilocybin decriminalization in the United States 3459:of the extracts in the case of GC–MS. A specific 2839: 1716:(28%), and general instability (22%); changes in 1401:pictured) without access to laboratory equipment. 1157:of mushrooms, dosage, individual physiology, and 26060: 13102: 13051: 12672:. New York, New York: Rodale. pp. 257–258. 11674: 11484: 11278: 11203: 11146: 10284: 9705: 9703: 8713: 8500: 8199: 7861: 6717: 6532:"Harm potential of magic mushroom use: a review" 6519: 6517: 6515: 6513: 6511: 6509: 6507: 6505: 6503: 6501: 5573:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 4835: 4737: 4178:designation for psilocybin-assisted therapy for 3730:mushrooms that grow in meadows and woods of the 3340:prepared from mushrooms. The drug reacts in the 3312:present in the body to produce MAOIs related to 2881: 2104:Cultural significance and "mystical" experiences 1940:Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances 1862:attempts can result from serious cases of acute 684: 52:Kekulé, skeletal formula of canonical psilocybin 14515: 13655:Psilocybin Investigator's Brochure, Version 4.1 13289: 12703: 12701: 12385: 12383: 11780: 11778: 10793:Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man 10625: 10483:. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 148. 9965:"Molecular and Medical Aspects of Psychedelics" 9566: 9564: 9528: 9526: 9076: 9074: 8704: 7639: 7156: 7154: 6362: 6360: 6086:"Historical overview of psychoactive mushrooms" 5908: 5906: 5904: 5658: 5656: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5648: 5646: 4785: 4783: 3394:gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry 3128:, unlike another common 5-HT receptor agonist, 1805:Theory of mind network and default mode network 1744:Psychiatric effects and perceptual disturbances 1653:are common, and may be very detailed, although 1645:responses, enhanced ability for introspection, 1243:, a hallucinogenic species native to the area. 659: 16082: 15936: 13464: 13121: 12900: 12532: 11524: 11522: 11480: 11478: 11274: 11272: 11248: 11036: 11034: 10970:. London, UK: Manson Publishing. p. 113. 10957: 10850: 10315: 10313: 10258: 9665: 9626: 9624: 9622: 9131: 8970: 8914: 8756: 7938: 7936: 7361: 7305: 7197: 6772: 6770: 6074: 5989:Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice 5729: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5242: 4887: 4885: 3960: Illegal state with decriminalized cities 3954: Ambiguous/partially legal/decriminalized 3948: Legal for medical use and decriminalized 3750:species commonly found in the tropics include 2445:experiments from the 1960s suggested that the 1077:. It can also cause adverse reactions such as 458: 24506: 21303:Serotonin antagonists and reuptake inhibitors 18881: 15857: 15820: 13681: 13519: 12575: 12538: 12338:"Caring for "Hassle-Free Highs" in Amsterdam" 11070: 10963: 10421: 10419: 10369: 10367: 9758: 9700: 9390: 9388: 9386: 9384: 9349:"Evolution of serotonin: sunlight to suicide" 9096: 8115: 8070: 7409: 7407: 6819: 6654: 6652: 6650: 6498: 6317:Hillebrand J, Olszewski D, Sedefov R (2006). 6141: 6135: 5829:. Los Angeles, California: LIS Publications. 5820: 5818: 5697: 5695: 5693: 5691: 4891: 4683: 4681: 4283:weeks (plus two putatively non-psychoactive 1 2824: 2129:contexts. Reflecting the meaning of the word 1955:involve other factors aside from psilocybin. 1442:, who identified several of the mushrooms as 1428:that he experienced during these rituals in " 589: 13602:Rouaud A, Calder AE, Hasler G (March 2024). 13493: 13024: 12820: 12698: 12380: 12365:11245.1/a323041d-6737-4b4a-968e-9285d8d68ffa 11893: 11775: 11746: 11740: 11668: 11535:International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms 11307: 9864: 9659: 9561: 9523: 9340: 9071: 8841: 8827:. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster. 8789: 8119:Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France 7984: 7982: 7894: 7855: 7661:. Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients. 7659:Drug Addictions, Hallucinogens and Shamanism 7362:Coull JT, Cheng RK, Meck WH (January 2011). 7357: 7355: 7151: 6357: 5939: 5937: 5901: 5643: 4780: 4738:Chen CY, Storr CL, Anthony JC (March 2009). 4679: 4677: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4669: 4667: 4665: 4663: 4661: 4271:weeks apart versus daily treatment with the 4236:improvements in depressive symptoms, with 25 3937:Legality of psilocybin mushrooms by country 2866: 2858:Tooltip half-maximal effective concentration 2056:Repeated use of psilocybin does not lead to 1828:toxic psychic residues or sorcerous implants 1457:(now Novartis). Hofmann—who had synthesized 424: 64:Ball-and-stick model of canonical psilocybin 13657:(Usona Institute, Madison, Wisconsin, 2021) 13525: 12771: 12716: 12401:] (in Portuguese). Editora Intrinseca. 12300:"Section 37-2705 – Idaho State Legislature" 11784: 11584: 11519: 11475: 11377: 11342: 11269: 11031: 10996: 10885: 10784: 10704: 10663: 10310: 9619: 8951: 8908: 8714:Halberstadt AL, Geyer MA (September 2011). 8109: 7933: 7528:Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7126: 6943: 6900: 6894: 6767: 6598: 6254: 6197: 6195: 6007: 5720: 5495:"Psilocybin desynchronizes the human brain" 4882: 4240:mg (a moderate dose) more effective than 10 2016: 2007:Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder 24513: 24499: 18888: 18874: 13688: 13674: 13467:Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 12913:Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology 12855: 11928: 11867: 11813: 11709: 11613: 11420: 11167: 11140: 10698: 10539: 10470: 10416: 10364: 9963:Wojtas A, Gołembiowska K (December 2023). 9928:Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 9809: 9381: 9040: 8814: 8655: 8597:The Heffter Review of Psychedelic Research 8423:The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 8371: 7652: 7404: 7240: 6647: 6436: 5843: 5815: 5801:. Harcourt Brace Jovanovick. p. 161. 5688: 4831: 4829: 4733: 4731: 4066:US Department of Health and Human Services 4064:A 2009 national survey of drug use by the 3277:(ALDH) into 4-HIAA or can be converted by 1352:to prepare love potions. English botanist 1030:), and formerly sold under the brand name 858: 835: 724: 13627: 13441: 13321: 13234: 13147: 13085: 13075: 12981: 12949: 12932: 12883: 12873: 12849: 12814: 12732:Publications Office of the European Union 12659: 12607: 12363: 12353: 12121: 12064: 12027: 11875:"Drug profiles: Hallucinogenic mushrooms" 11433:columns for the analysis of seized drugs" 10926: 10833: 10809: 10767: 10757: 10608: 10598: 10453: 10443: 10399: 10347: 10337: 10189: 10140: 10091: 10081: 9990: 9980: 9939: 9898: 9858: 9841: 9735: 9683: 9602: 9592: 9506: 9355:. London, UK: Academic Press. p. 7. 9254: 9214: 9198:. Johns Hopkins Medicine. July 11, 2006. 9008: 8958:Pahnke WN (1966). "Drugs and mysticism". 8868: 8762: 8739: 8687: 8581: 8546: 8457: 8156: 8129: 8013: 7979: 7811: 7785: 7762: 7752: 7596: 7547: 7463: 7387: 7352: 7011:The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 6851: 6802: 6630: 6463: 6312: 6310: 6232:Psilocybin: Magic Mushroom Grower's Guide 6223: 6101: 6042: 5980: 5946:The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 5934: 5781: 5604: 5528: 5518: 5412: 5402: 5304: 5180: 5170: 5120: 5024: 5014: 4973: 4963: 4948:"The Therapeutic Potential of Psilocybin" 4849: 4763: 4658: 4641: 4315:positive psychological expectancy effects 4027: 1539:Psilocybin: Magic Mushroom Grower's Guide 1470:Next, Hofmann's team synthesized several 744: 621:-glucuronide, 2–4% as unchanged psilocin) 443: 12823:The International Journal on Drug Policy 12227:Home Cultivation Association of New York 11105: 10426:de Vos CM, Mason NL, Kuypers KP (2021). 10058:"Psychedelics and the human receptorome" 10049: 9436: 9434: 9102: 8622: 8588:Myers LS, Watkins SS, Carter TJ (1998). 8302: 8259: 7900: 7103: 6403: 6192: 5912: 5882: 5587: 5434: 5432: 4051: 3932: 3782: 3776:level or higher, it is used to classify 3224:. Psilocin is broken down by the enzyme 3188: 2545: 2432: 2107: 2088:, including alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, 2020: 1747: 1588: 1424:, Mexico. In 1957, Wasson described the 1390: 1378: 1310:wrote of witnessing mushroom use in the 1198: 500:• 4-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (4-HIAA) 13030: 12421: 12181: 11426: 11386:International Journal of Legal Medicine 11313: 10891: 9346: 8960:International Journal of Parapsychology 8896:from the original on September 21, 2017 8847: 8795: 8610:from the original on September 27, 2011 7835: 7833: 7831: 7416:Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde 7132: 6949: 6931:from the original on September 16, 2018 6295:from the original on September 23, 2015 6229: 5757: 5733: 5662: 5471:from the original on September 25, 2012 5449: 4826: 4728: 4321:) are major limitations and sources of 4252:mg (non-psychoactive and equivalent to 2449:of psilocybin was a four-step process: 2411: 2158:Psychedelic drugs can induce states of 831: 704: 14: 26061: 13039:from the original on September 7, 2021 12777: 12389: 12223:"Psilocybin Spores are Not Controlled" 12190:from the original on November 12, 2009 12184:"UN's INCB Psilocybin Mushroom Policy" 11881:from the original on November 27, 2011 11622:"Occurrence of psilocybin/psilocin in 11590: 11528: 10790: 9105:Archive for the Psychology of Religion 9080: 8957: 8767:. 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However, in the 1233:discovered near the Spanish town of 964:CN(C)CCC1=CNC2=C1C(=CC=C2)OP(=O)(O)O 642:-1H-indol-4-yl] dihydrogen phosphate 189:-dimethyltryptamine; 4-PO-DMT; 4-PO- 21781:N-desmethylclozapine (norclozapine) 13968: 12077:from the original on April 21, 2013 11684:Annali del Museo Civico di Rovereto 11656:from the original on March 10, 2017 11572:from the original on March 16, 2018 11111: 10055: 9759:Satyanarayana M (October 7, 2019). 9328:from the original on April 10, 2019 9086:Journal of Transpersonal Psychology 8668:CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 8590:"Flashbacks in theory and practice" 7077:The New England Journal of Medicine 6705:from the original on April 18, 2020 6582:. Johns Hopkins. 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In general, the effects include 948:220–228 °C (428–442 °F) 901: 555:Tooltip Intravenous administration 181:-dimethyltryptamine; 4-Phosphoryl- 25: 26125: 13695: 13648: 12208:(Letter from Secretary of the UN 10898:Principles of Forensic Toxicology 8268:The British Journal of Psychiatry 7862:Pagliaro LA, Pagliaro AM (2012). 7256:Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 6171:10.1038/scientificamerican1210-76 5297:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5960 3981:varies worldwide. Psilocybin and 3869:The psilocybin contents of dried 3416:(HPLC) is used with ultraviolet, 3257:in the small intestine. Based on 2844:Tooltip Serotonin releasing agent 2198:, author of several textbooks on 2186:, which was run by Pahnke at the 2143:and reaffirm traditional values. 1681:Revised NEO Personality Inventory 308: 12624: 12600:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.05.012 12500: 12466: 12440: 12415: 12329: 12317: 12292: 12267: 12241: 12215: 12212:to the Dutch Ministry of Health) 12182:Schaepe H (September 13, 2001). 12175: 12138: 12089: 12058: 12021: 11832: 11553: 11463:from the original on May 3, 2021 10822:Journal of Analytical Toxicology 10574: 10527:from the original on May 9, 2021 9752: 9466: 9310: 8732:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.01.017 8680:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x 8392:10.2165/00023210-200418060-00002 8230:10.1097/00001756-199812010-00024 8041:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00744.x 7023:10.1097/00005053-196011000-00007 5958:10.1097/00005053-196312000-00007 5827:Magic Mushrooms Around the World 5457:"Psilocybine – Compound Summary" 5337:European Neuropsychopharmacology 4634:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.05.012 4573: 4550: 4369: 3925:This section is an excerpt from 3819: 3799: 3074:; effects are also mediated via 2886:Tooltip Dopamine releasing agent 2319:. It is structurally related to 2225:National Institute of Drug Abuse 2216:Johns Hopkins School of Medicine 1348:(crazy mushroom), used in rural 889: 883: 498:• 4-Hydroxyindole-3-acetaldehyde 132: 79: 58: 46: 25196:-Feruloylserotonin (moschamine) 24520: 24469:Monoamine metabolism modulators 13501:"Psilocybin - COMPASS Pathways" 11853:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.12.013 11547:10.1615/intjmedmushr.v7.i12.280 10374:Olson DE (September 19, 2018). 10238: 10212: 10035:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.05.001 9770:Chemical & Engineering News 9685:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.22-1210 8414: 7779: 7728: 7681: 7613: 7564: 7515: 7480: 7465:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105325 6962: 6868: 6572: 6248: 6110: 5790: 5581: 5545: 5349:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.12.006 4540: 4533:Percentages are derived from a 4527: 4442: 4425: 4260:weeks following a single dose. 3909: 2536: 2428: 1180:Schedule I controlled substance 1041:compound produced by more than 989:Key:QVDSEJDULKLHCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 26069:Drugs not assigned an ATC code 25351:6,7-Dichloro-2-methylmelatonin 13540:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115886 13031:Staines R (December 2, 2019). 11841:Forensic Science International 11281:Forensic Science International 11044:Forensic Science International 9666:Agurell S, Nilsson JL (1968). 9447:Hazardous Substances Data Bank 8917:Journal of Religion and Health 8879:10.1080/02791072.1998.10399709 8311:North Carolina Medical Journal 7841:"Psilocybin (Magic Mushrooms)" 6142:Griffiths RR, Grob CS (2010). 5041: 4222:treatment-resistant depression 4180:treatment-resistant depression 3989:under the United Nations 1971 3402:capillary zone electrophoresis 3052:receptors and low affinity to 2559:Psilocin at molecular targets 1958: 1326:from the Spanish authorities. 1182:under the 1971 United Nations 1108:predates recorded history. In 895: 877: 463:Tooltip aldehyde dehydrogenase 330: 317: 13: 1: 24456:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors 24420:Receptor/signaling modulators 13359:10.1080/17512433.2021.1933434 13128:Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 12962:Journal of Psychopharmacology 12541:Journal of Psychopharmacology 12253:California Secretary of State 12065:Szalavitz M (June 16, 2011). 12002:. August 2003. Archived from 11761:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)94264-x 11734:10.1016/S0021-9673(01)99190-3 11363:10.1016/j.jchromb.2003.08.030 11328:10.1016/S0378-4347(00)82176-3 11293:10.1016/S0379-0738(00)00213-9 11261:(3–4): 175–82. Archived from 11228:10.1016/S0378-4347(98)00067-X 11091:10.1016/S0378-4347(97)00127-8 11056:10.1016/S0379-0738(98)00168-6 10684:10.1016/S0731-7085(02)00278-9 9547:10.1016/S1355-0306(06)71579-9 8989:Journal of Psychopharmacology 8857:Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 8524:10.1016/S0361-9230(01)00646-3 7957:10.1080/17512433.2020.1794811 7786:Hendricks PS (October 2020). 7330:10.1515/REVNEURO.1999.10.2.91 7163:Journal of Psychopharmacology 7060:10.1016/S0010-440X(60)80045-4 6832:Journal of Psychopharmacology 6783:Journal of Psychopharmacology 6369:Journal of Psychopharmacology 6090:Inflammation and Regeneration 6023:Journal of Psychopharmacology 5222:10.1016/s0031-6865(97)00014-9 4892:Nicholas LG, Ogame K (2006). 4860:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61462-6 4594: 4189: 4170:. In 2018, the United States 4152:obsessive–compulsive disorder 4136:potential value of psilocybin 3265:-glucuronide and about 4% is 2829:Tooltip Serotonin transporter 2327:which is a derivative of the 1655:rarely confused with reality. 594:Tooltip Intravenous injection 313: S9/S8 (Controlled Drug) 26079:Experimental antidepressants 25507:α-Methylserotonin (5-HO-αMT) 25014:Benzotript (4-chlorobenzoyl- 18402:dopamine reuptake inhibitors 13395:10.1097/JCP.0000000000001608 12835:10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.08.004 11944:Journal of Forensic Sciences 11799:10.1016/0378-8741(82)90014-9 11787:Journal of Ethnopharmacology 11562:"How Mushrooms Became Magic" 11161:10.1016/0021-9673(92)80287-5 11114:Journal of Forensic Sciences 10964:Bresinsky A, Besl H (1989). 10637:Journal of Forensic Sciences 10083:10.1371/journal.pone.0009019 7804:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100557 7318:Reviews in the Neurosciences 7218:10.1016/j.neulet.2008.02.006 6735:New Research on Street Drugs 6472:Journal of Creative Behavior 6324:(Report). Lisbon, Portugal: 5852:"Seeking the magic mushroom" 5465:National Library of Medicine 5253:10.1007/978-3-031-49068-2_54 4756:10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.10.021 4599: 4291:weeks apart) did not show a 4206:randomized controlled trials 4172:Food and Drug Administration 3376:. Many modern techniques of 3294:Monoamine oxidase inhibitors 3132:(LSD). Psilocin antagonizes 2871:Tooltip Dopamine transporter 2294: 2265:The Harvard Psychedelic Club 2214:A group of researchers from 1405:American banker and amateur 429:Tooltip alkaline phosphatase 7: 26109:Serotonin receptor agonists 25240:-acetylpsilocin; 4-AcO-DMT) 24289:Tetracyclic antidepressants 23864:Tetracyclic antidepressants 23127:Tetracyclic antidepressants 22703:Tetracyclic antidepressants 21952:Tetracyclic antidepressants 21357:Tetracyclic antidepressants 17882:Misc. designer cannabinoids 12422:Shipley M (November 2015). 12030:"Hallucinogens as Medicine" 11902:Journal of Natural Products 11722:Journal of Chromatography A 10548:Current Medicinal Chemistry 9834:10.1016/j.ymben.2019.12.007 7089:10.1056/NEJM196002112620606 6551:10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.006 6144:"Hallucinogens as medicine" 5059:(published July 25, 2023). 4792:European Addiction Research 4702:10.1080/1355621021000005937 4362: 4138:as a treatment for certain 4119: 4006:Psychotropic Substances Act 3780:of lower taxonomic groups. 3738:, usually in soils rich in 3332:—commercially available as 1917:in rabbits, psilocybin's LD 1873: 1333:history besides the use of 1254:, as well as the so-called 1104:suggests that human use of 1034:, is a naturally occurring 10: 26130: 13479:10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.02.004 11560:Yong E (August 24, 2017). 11249:Rodriguez-Cruz SE (2005). 10759:10.3389/fphar.2024.1391689 10560:10.2174/092986709789057626 9941:10.1016/j.bpsc.2024.01.007 9891:10.1038/s41467-022-28386-6 8567:10.1016/j.tips.2008.06.006 8345:Journal of Substance Abuse 8177:10.1177/096032718200100408 7268:10.1162/089892905774597191 7106:Behavioral Neuropsychiatry 6103:10.2492/inflammregen.29.47 5850:Wasson RG (May 13, 1957). 5520:10.1038/s41586-024-07624-5 5172:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1040217 5016:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1406888 4516:(Finland). It also listed 4132:Harvard Psilocybin Project 4123: 4107:. Although hallucinogenic 3924: 3913: 3328:Several relatively simple 3130:lysergic acid diethylamide 2325:monoamine neurotransmitter 1987:depersonalization disorder 1938:of 6 milligrams. The 1790:lysergic acid diethylamide 1593:American psychologist and 1459:lysergic acid diethylamide 1430:Seeking the Magic Mushroom 1344:(1526–1609) described the 1189: 1116:ceremonies before Spanish 867:Chemical and physical data 326:(Prohibited psychotropics) 25857: 25656: 25603: 25512:α-Methyltryptophan (αMTP) 25412: 25303: 24528: 24410: 24367: 24311:Tricyclic antidepressants 24229:Metitepine (methiothepin) 24079: 23976: 23964: 23917: 23878:Tricyclic antidepressants 23809:Metitepine (methiothepin) 23683: 23556: 23544: 23493:Metitepine (methiothepin) 23475: 23426: 23414: 23359: 23248: 23236: 23206: 22986: 22864: 22852: 22834: 22796: 22748:Tricyclic antidepressants 22623:Metitepine (methiothepin) 22429: 22035: 22023: 21998: 21867:Metitepine (methiothepin) 21736: 21518: 21506: 21477: 21387:Tricyclic antidepressants 21218:Metitepine (methiothepin) 20942: 20496: 20484: 20472: 20451:Metitepine (methiothepin) 20443: 20358: 20346: 20314: 20306:Metitepine (methiothepin) 20298: 20247: 20235: 20197: 20169:Metitepine (methiothepin) 20101: 19933: 19921: 19888: 19860:Metitepine (methiothepin) 19783: 19634: 19622: 19587: 19509:Metitepine (methiothepin) 19373: 18930: 18918: 18906: 18823: 18795: 18594: 18500: 18440: 18306: 17880: 17549: 17488: 17442: 17201: 17192: 17164: 17144: 17137: 16872: 16752: 16714: 16683: 16655: 16625: 16529: 16463:2-Fluorodeschloroketamine 16455: 16444: 16423: 16344: 16249: 16207: 16170: 16114: 16077: 15931: 15894: 15852: 15815: 15774: 15765: 15737: 15597: 15566: 15440: 15369: 15340: 15259: 15205: 15161: 15069: 14991: 14831: 14728: 14650: 14577: 14509: 14431: 14353: 14325: 14309: 13957: 13777: 13724: 13703: 13620:10.1177/02698811231225609 13578:10.1177/02698811231190865 13434:10.1177/02698811231180276 13347:Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 12800:10.1007/s12231-008-9033-8 12447:Adlin B (July 15, 2024). 12342:Anthropology and Humanism 12279:Georgia Board of Pharmacy 12114:10.1007/s00213-011-2358-5 11749:Journal of Chromatography 11449:10.1080/10826070903245516 11398:10.1007/s00414-004-0469-9 11316:Journal of Chromatography 11197:10.1016/j.aca.2004.08.071 11149:Journal of Chromatography 11017:10.1007/s11419-009-0087-9 10871:10.1016/j.lfs.2006.06.010 10600:10.1038/s41386-020-0718-8 10445:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.724606 10339:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.727117 10182:10.1007/s00213-014-3557-7 9783:10.1021/cen-09739-scicon9 9672:Acta Chemica Scandinavica 9499:10.1107/S2053229621013164 9286:Smith M (July 12, 2006). 9159:10.1007/s00213-006-0457-5 8435:10.1080/15622970410029908 8357:10.3109/14659890903271624 6680:10.1007/s00213-003-1640-6 6623:10.1007/s00213-011-2358-5 6443:Miller G (July 1, 2008). 5918:Psychedelics Encyclopedia 5629:10.1007/s12231-011-9152-5 5245:MEDICON'23 and CMBEBIH'23 5122:10.1017/S1092852922000888 4965:10.3390/molecules26102948 4293:statistically significant 4218:major depressive disorder 3744:subtropical humid forests 3488: 3485: 3398:ion mobility spectrometry 3374:thin layer chromatography 3352:groups and unsubstituted 3228:(MAO) to produce several 3004: 2489:of psilocin to psilocybin 2476:of dimethyltryptamine to 1794:Psychedelics Encyclopedia 1696:Common responses include 1635:Closed-eye hallucinations 1503:Concord Prison Experiment 1374: 997: 972: 952: 942: 920: 907: 871: 866: 847: 815: 795: 775: 755: 735: 715: 695: 670: 650: 630: 625: 608: 569: 523: 506: 481: 448:Tooltip monoamine oxidase 403: 393: 376: 368: 298: 293: 277: 260: 234: 222: 210: 157: 74: 69: 57: 45: 23799:Latrepirdine (dimebolin) 23488:Latrepirdine (dimebolin) 22813:ergometrine (ergonovine) 22613:Latrepirdine (dimebolin) 22010:ergometrine (ergonovine) 20723:ergometrine (ergonovine) 20326:ergometrine (ergonovine) 19904:ergometrine (ergonovine) 19609:ergometrine (ergonovine) 12974:10.1177/0269881116675512 12925:10.1177/2045125316638008 12645:10.1177/0308275X18775818 12633:Critique of Anthropology 12553:10.1177/0269881114568039 10392:10.1177/1179069518800508 10056:Ray TS (February 2010). 10023:Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 9117:10.1163/157361208X317196 9001:10.1177/0269881108094300 7175:10.1177/0269881106065859 7048:Comprehensive Psychiatry 6844:10.1177/0269881117731279 6795:10.1177/0269881111420188 6381:10.1177/0269881110382466 6230:Oeric OT, Os ON (1991). 6035:10.1177/0269881108093587 5670:. Berkeley, California: 4478:Copenhagen Mushroom Link 4287:mg doses of psilocybin 3 4267:mg doses of psilocybin 3 4248:mg more effective than 1 4186:is also being examined. 4047: 4010:Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 3406:ultraviolet spectroscopy 2170:, such as meditation or 2017:Tolerance and dependence 1830:" found in one's body. 1511:Schedule I category 1194: 267:Serotonergic psychedelic 26104:Psychedelic tryptamines 25984:Substituted benzofurans 25719:β-carboline (norharman) 25566:AL-37350A (4,5-DHP-αMT) 25053:Desformylflustrabromine 24984:Aeruginascin (4-PO-TMT) 24087:Atypical antipsychotics 23696:Atypical antipsychotics 23014:Atypical antipsychotics 22447:Atypical antipsychotics 21749:Atypical antipsychotics 21002:Atypical antipsychotics 19381:Atypical antipsychotics 18987:Atypical antipsychotics 16409:substituted benzofurans 16221:(Mipracetin) 4-AcO-MiPT 15834:(Daltacetin) 4-AcO-DALT 13314:10.1136/bmj-2023-078607 13227:10.1001/jama.2023.14530 12304:Idaho State Legislature 12028:Griffiths RR, Grob CS. 10587:Neuropsychopharmacology 10432:Frontiers in Psychiatry 10326:Frontiers in Psychiatry 10133:10.1124/jpet.111.188946 8512:Brain Research Bulletin 8148:: 40–41. Archived from 7368:Neuropsychopharmacology 6739:Nova Science Publishers 6445:"A very memorable trip" 6410:Keim B (July 1, 2008). 6255:San Antonio JP (1971). 5159:Frontiers in Psychiatry 5057:Diário Oficial da União 5003:Frontiers in Psychiatry 4398:Psychedelic microdosing 4357:psychedelic microdosing 4018:In some jurisdictions, 3451:requires a preliminary 3392:, techniques involving 3247:glucuronosyltransferase 2188:Harvard Divinity School 2184:Marsh Chapel Experiment 2121:cultures in religious, 1216:Tassili Mushroom Figure 25370:-acetylserotonin; NAS) 25211:Norbaeocystin (4-PO-T) 24934:5-(Nonyloxy)tryptamine 24329:Typical antipsychotics 23900:Typical antipsychotics 23160:Typical antipsychotics 23042:Bemesetron (MDL-72222) 22762:Typical antipsychotics 21975:Typical antipsychotics 21397:Typical antipsychotics 20088:5-(nonyloxy)tryptamine 18518:Aliphatic hydrocarbons 16091:(Depracetin) 4-AcO-DPT 15908:(Ipracetin) 4-AcO-DiPT 13383:J Clin Psychopharmacol 12730:(Report). Luxembourg: 12473:Lu D (June 30, 2023). 11427:Lurie I, Li L (2009). 11177:Analytica Chimica Acta 9645:10.1002/anie.201705489 9322:commentarymagazine.com 8020:Gable RS (June 2004). 6737:. New York, New York: 5391:Journal of Xenobiotics 4244:mg (a low dose) and 10 4224:. Combined with brief 4212:effects outperforming 4061: 4028:Advocacy for tolerance 3974: 3875:Psilocybe semilanceata 3792: 3314:tetrahydroisoquinoline 3275:aldehyde dehydrogenase 3271:oxidatively deaminated 3198: 3025:Psilocybin is rapidly 2555: 2439: 2306:substituted tryptamine 2114: 2030: 1989:. Usage by those with 1757: 1609:. In the early 1960s, 1602: 1402: 1388: 1365:Psilocybe semilanceata 1211: 1055:classical psychedelics 165:-Phosphoryl-4-hydroxy- 25760:DM-506 (ibogaminalog) 25432:4-HO-MPMI (lucigenol) 25250:Psilocybin (4-PO-DMT) 25158:Methylbutyltryptamine 25009:Baeocystin (4-PO-NMT) 24478:Monoamine neurotoxins 22256:MDMA (midomafetamine) 21640:MDMA (midomafetamine) 21243:Opiranserin (VVZ-149) 20797:MDMA (midomafetamine) 20503:25H/NB series (e.g., 18545:Aromatic hydrocarbons 16272:(Lucigenol) 4-HO-MPMI 16189:(Metocetin) 4-AcO-MET 16069:(Psilocybin) 4-PO-DMT 15866:(Ethacetin) 4-AcO-DET 13275:10.1056/NEJMoa2032994 13188:10.1056/NEJMoa2206443 12399:How to kill your mind 11981:on November 16, 2020. 11935:Gross ST (May 2000). 11690:: 207. Archived from 10896:. In Levine B (ed.). 9871:Nature Communications 9822:Metabolic Engineering 9535:Science & Justice 9227:Frontiers in Medicine 8763:Winkelman MJ (2007). 8478:10.1055/s-2007-979350 8280:10.1192/bjp.132.6.602 7653:Batchelder T (2001). 4311:Functional unblinding 4226:psychological support 4140:personality disorders 4055: 3936: 3914:Further information: 3786: 3410:infrared spectroscopy 3279:alcohol dehydrogenase 3259:studies using animals 3253:in the liver, and by 3192: 2550:The neurotransmitter 2549: 2515:Psilocybe, Panaeolus, 2436: 2172:holotropic breathwork 2111: 2024: 2013:and other variables. 1751: 1592: 1523:LSD — mein Sorgenkind 1394: 1382: 1308:Bernardino de Sahagún 1258:"mushroom stones" of 1206:"mushroom stones" of 1202: 1130:. Hofmann's employer 1075:spiritual experiences 543:hours (range 1.5–18.6 502:• 4-Hydroxytryptophol 26114:Tryptamine alkaloids 25658:Cyclized tryptamines 25163:Miprocin (4-HO-MiPT) 25133:Indolylethylfentanyl 25103:Ethocybin (4-PO-DET) 25028:Bufotenin (5-HO-DMT) 25023:Bufotenidine (5-HTQ) 22950:bufotenidine (5-HTQ) 22073:5-Methoxytryptamines 20587:5-Methoxytryptamines 16481:(N-Ethylnorketamine) 16226:(Miprocin) 4-HO-MiPT 16049:(Bufotenin) 5-HO-DMT 15886:(Ethocybin) 4-PO-DET 15829:(Daltocin) 4-HO-DALT 15488:Cyclopropylmescaline 13008:. Compass Pathways. 12875:10.7759/cureus.30214 12395:Como mudar sua mente 11443:(17–20): 2615–2626. 10386:: 1179069518800508. 9982:10.3390/ijms25010241 9765:pump out psilocybin" 9397:Folia Microbiologica 9184:on November 9, 2011. 8633:. In Fish JM (ed.). 7754:10.2147/RMHP.S300656 7589:10.1093/ijnp/pyac074 7540:10.1093/scan/nsad032 7380:10.1038/npp.2010.113 7206:Neuroscience Letters 6878:. January 19, 2018. 6741:. pp. 167–186. 6733:. In Cole SM (ed.). 6062:on November 20, 2017 5858:. pp. 101–120. 5783:10.29203/ka.1992.294 4474:The Entheogen Review 4176:breakthrough therapy 3972: No information 3828:P. semilanceata 3765:P. semilanceata 3657:(116 species), 3378:analytical chemistry 3222:systemic circulation 2412:Laboratory synthesis 2200:comparative religion 2164:mystical experiences 1811:default mode network 1738:liver toxicity tests 1679:(assessed using the 1673:postgraduate degrees 1489:In the early 1960s, 1361:Theatricum Botanicum 1316:defeat of the Aztecs 1106:psilocybin mushrooms 1061:, visual and mental 617:(mainly as psilocin- 561:hours (range 1.8–4.5 25758:and related (e.g., 25394:-Propionylmelatonin 25245:Psilocin (4-HO-DMT) 25143:Iprocin (4-HO-DiPT) 23568:dihydroergocryptine 22252:MDA (tenamfetamine) 21636:MDA (tenamfetamine) 21601:dihydroergocryptine 20793:MDA (tenamfetamine) 18579:Chlorofluorocarbons 16395:in general (e. g.: 16277:(Meprocin) 4-HO-MPT 16096:(Deprocin) 4-HO-DPT 16064:(Psilocin) 4-HO-DMT 15913:(Iprocin) 4-HO-DiPT 15615:2C-B-DragonFLY-NBOH 15149:N-(2C-TFM) fentanyl 15144:N-(2C-T-7) fentanyl 15139:N-(2C-T-4) fentanyl 15134:N-(2C-T-2) fentanyl 14832:Atypical structures 13854:Dimethyllysergamide 13829:3-Pentyllysergamide 13140:10.9758/cpn.23.1134 12792:2008EcBot..62..404G 12426:. Lexington Books. 12037:Scientific American 12009:on December 5, 2005 11914:10.1021/np50052a030 11189:2004AcAC..527..149S 11005:Forensic Toxicology 10892:Jenkins AJ (2003). 10835:10.1093/jat/22.1.45 10074:2010PLoSO...5.9019R 9883:2022NatCo..13..712W 9639:(40): 12352–12355. 9491:2022AcCrC..78...36S 9347:Azmitia EC (2010). 8339:Carhart-Harris RL, 7901:Schaefer C (2001). 6974:Psychopharmacologia 6950:Quentin AM (1960). 6568:on January 9, 2015. 6163:2010SciAm.303f..76G 6151:Scientific American 6122:The Washington Post 5588:Samorini G (1992). 5511:2024Natur.632..131S 5404:10.3390/jox12010004 4844:(9752): 1558–1565. 4744:Addictive Behaviors 4518:Magic-Mushrooms.net 4144:nicotine dependence 4126:Psychedelic therapy 4012:, and the Canadian 3759:P. subcubensis 3482: 3390:forensic toxicology 3089:fashion by the 5-HT 3039:serotonin receptors 2560: 2348:Colorado River toad 2300:Physical properties 2168:non-drug techniques 2119:Indigenous American 2058:physical dependence 1878:Psilocybin has low 1665:Roland R. Griffiths 1551:Psilocybe cubensis 1507:clinical psychiatry 1484:psycholytic therapy 1426:psychedelic visions 1414:Valentina P. Wasson 1240:Psilocybe hispanica 1171:serotonin receptors 1136:psychedelic therapy 1024:-dimethyltryptamine 385:: 52.7 ± 20.4% (as 42: 25414:α-Alkyltryptamines 25386:-Butanoylmelatonin 25346:6-Methoxymelatonin 25341:6-Hydroxymelatonin 25326:5-Methoxyluzindole 25308:-Acetyltryptamines 24979:Acetryptine (5-AT) 24924:5-Methyltryptamine 24806:5-HTP (oxitriptan) 24393:naphthylpiperazine 24164:2-Br-LSD (BOL-148) 23951:naphthylpiperazine 23929:2-Br-LSD (BOL-148) 23531:naphthylpiperazine 23438:2-Br-LSD (BOL-148) 23223:naphthylpiperazine 22099:α-Alkyltryptamines 20613:α-Alkyltryptamines 18897:Serotonin receptor 18805:Calea zacatechichi 18400:agonists, such as 17990:ADAMANTYL-THPINACA 16184:(Metocin) 4-HO-MET 15970:4-Propionyloxy-DMT 15871:(Ethocin) 4-HO-DET 15620:2C-B-FLY-NB2EtO5Cl 15558:Trifluoromescaline 15441:Mescaline (subst.) 15114:N-(2C-IP) fentanyl 13849:Diallyllysergamide 13824:2-Butyllysergamide 13077:10.3390/ph14080793 12355:10.1111/anhu.12298 12102:Psychopharmacology 12046:on October 3, 2011 11265:on April 29, 2011. 10791:Baselt RC (2008). 10719:10.2217/pgs.10.171 10517:"PDSP Ki Database" 10170:Psychopharmacology 9594:10.3390/ph16010040 9409:10.1007/BF02818560 9147:Psychopharmacology 8929:10.1007/BF01532646 8848:Metzner R (1998). 8796:McKenna T (1993). 8466:Pharmacopsychiatry 6986:10.1007/BF00408109 6668:Psychopharmacology 6611:Psychopharmacology 6447:. sciencemag.org. 6180:on October 3, 2011 5891:Revue de Mycologie 5797:Wasson RG (1968). 4559:Psychopharmacology 4500:(Czech Republic), 4437:dimethyltryptamine 4403:Psychoactive plant 4385:List of entheogens 4297:secondary measures 4148:alcohol dependence 4062: 3975: 3809:Psilocybe mexicana 3793: 3616:P. cyanofibrillosa 3476: 3472:Natural occurrence 3382:gas chromatography 3324:Analytical methods 3298:dimethyltryptamine 3199: 2558: 2556: 2468:dimethyltryptamine 2440: 2340:dimethyltryptamine 2312:ring linked to an 2253:Openness/Intellect 2115: 2086:recreational drugs 2031: 2027:psychoactive drugs 1923:Psilocybe cubensis 1895:median lethal dose 1864:psychotic episodes 1758: 1700:(93%); changes in 1603: 1491:Harvard University 1472:structural analogs 1464:Psilocybe mexicana 1422:Huautla de Jiménez 1403: 1398:Psilocybe cubensis 1389: 1387:in the late 1950s. 1385:Psilocybe mexicana 1218:was discovered in 1212: 1167:Harvard University 1127:Psilocybe mexicana 571:Duration of action 557:(as psilocin): 1.2 32: 26099:Psychedelic drugs 26056: 26055: 25858:Related compounds 25743:tetrahydroharmine 25556:αET (etryptamine) 25378:-Acetyltryptamine 25336:6-Fluoromelatonin 25331:6-Chloromelatonin 25321:2-Phenylmelatonin 25017: 24488: 24487: 24481: 24472: 24463: 24450: 24441: 24432: 24423: 24406: 24405: 24402: 24401: 24372:Unknown/unsorted: 24180:dihydroergotamine 23960: 23959: 23922:Unknown/unsorted: 23572:dihydroergotamine 23540: 23539: 23510:Unknown/unsorted: 23410: 23409: 23232: 23231: 23211:Unknown/unsorted: 22880:ethanol (alcohol) 22830: 22829: 22826: 22825: 22801:Unknown/unsorted: 22192:dihydroergotamine 22019: 22018: 22003:Unknown/unsorted: 21605:dihydroergotamine 21502: 21501: 21489:dihydroergotamine 21482:Unknown/unsorted: 21311:hydroxynefazodone 20468: 20467: 20464: 20463: 20342: 20341: 20319:Unknown/unsorted: 20231: 20230: 20202:Unknown/unsorted: 19968:dihydroergotamine 19917: 19916: 19893:Unknown/unsorted: 19685:dihydroergotamine 19618: 19617: 19592:Unknown/unsorted: 19420:iodocyanopindolol 19108:dihydroergotamine 18961:hydroxynefazodone 18863: 18862: 18859: 18858: 18511: 18433: 18302: 18301: 18298: 18297: 17158: 16887: 16868: 16867: 16684:Diarylethylamines 16651: 16650: 16474:Deschloroketamine 16438: 16419: 16418: 16412: 16340: 16339: 16236:(Moxy) 5-MeO-MiPT 15779:-alkyltryptamines 15733: 15732: 15553:Trifluoroescaline 15538:Methallylescaline 15493:Difluoromescaline 15157: 15156: 15129:N-(2C-T) fentanyl 15124:N-(2C-P) fentanyl 15119:N-(2C-N) fentanyl 15109:N-(2C-I) fentanyl 15104:N-(2C-H) fentanyl 15099:N-(2C-G) fentanyl 15094:N-(2C-E) fentanyl 15089:N-(2C-D) fentanyl 15084:N-(2C-C) fentanyl 15079:N-(2C-B) fentanyl 14987: 14986: 13924:Methylergometrine 13718: 13608:J Psychopharmacol 13566:J Psychopharmacol 13422:J Psychopharmacol 13269:(15): 1402–1411. 13182:(18): 1637–1648. 12968:(12): 1165–1180. 12749:978-92-9168-470-0 12679:978-1-60529-407-0 12588:Neuropharmacology 12433:978-1-4985-0910-7 12229:. January 2, 2024 12163:on March 19, 2013 11956:10.1520/JFS14725J 11624:Pluteus salicinus 11620:Saupe SG (1981). 11606:978-3-7682-5474-8 11591:Guzmán G (1983). 11255:Microgram Journal 11126:10.1520/JFS11028J 10977:978-0-7234-1576-3 10950:978-0-471-49252-8 10907:978-1-890883-87-4 10865:(21): 1969–1973. 10802:978-0-9626523-7-0 10649:10.1520/JFS15014J 10593:(12): 2003–2011. 10554:(27): 3476–3479. 10490:978-1-4200-5458-3 10477:Karch SB (2007). 10176:(21): 4135–4144. 9716:Evolution Letters 9633:Angewandte Chemie 9362:978-0-12-374634-4 9324:. April 1, 2010. 9064:978-1-58542-034-6 8834:978-0-684-84297-4 8807:978-0-553-37130-7 8782:978-0-275-99024-4 8720:Neuropharmacology 8644:978-0-7425-4245-7 8629:Gable RS (2006). 8255:on March 3, 2019. 8224:(17): 3897–3902. 8152:on April 5, 2012. 8090:978-1-59477-224-5 8006:978-0-911910-13-1 7914:978-0-444-50763-1 7875:978-0-470-63906-1 7792:eClinicalMedicine 7701:978-0-8065-1652-3 7422:(52): 2869–2872. 7262:(10): 1497–1508. 7144:978-1-85070-569-7 6968:See for example: 6789:(11): 1453–1461. 6748:978-1-59454-961-8 6375:(11): 1434–1452. 6241:978-0-932551-06-1 6216:978-0-9614234-3-8 5927:978-0-914171-51-5 5836:978-0-9653399-0-2 5808:978-0-88316-517-1 5764:Nyberg H (1992). 5702:Marley G (2010). 5681:978-0-89815-839-7 5505:(8023): 131–138. 5285:JAMA Network Open 5262:978-3-031-49067-5 5051:(July 24, 2023). 4905:978-0-932551-71-9 4804:10.1159/000317249 4690:Addiction Biology 4622:Neuropharmacology 4498:Kouzelné houbičky 4419:Explanatory notes 4408:Stoned ape theory 4199:open-label trials 4197:, including both 4164:anxiety disorders 3637: 3636: 3366:Ehrlich's reagent 3226:monoamine oxidase 3218:first-pass effect 3016: 3015: 2875:6,000–>30,000 2833:3,800–>10,000 2766:3,700–>10,000 2443:Isotopic labeling 2392:and 10.4 for the 2381:-like taste. Its 2308:that features an 2241:life satisfaction 2235:and psychoactive 1944:therapeutic index 1817:Group perceptions 1770:prefrontal cortex 1754:prefrontal cortex 1708:(84%), including 1661:prospective study 1575:neuropharmacology 1556:Agaricus bisporus 1535:Dennis J. McKenna 1322:hid their use of 1176:has been outlawed 1088:Imagery found on 1009: 1008: 933:Interactive image 817:CompTox Dashboard 582:hours (range 3–12 420:Dephosphorylation 357: 345: 333: 321: 312: 205: 16:(Redirected from 26121: 26084:Organophosphates 25890:7-Aza-5-MeO-DiPT 25875:5-Aza-4-MeO-DiPT 25265:Serotonin (5-HT) 25033:Convolutindole A 25015: 24538:1-Methylpsilocin 24515: 24508: 24501: 24492: 24491: 24475: 24466: 24460:releasing agents 24453: 24444: 24435: 24426: 24414: 24039:Serotonin (5-HT) 23974: 23973: 23607:Serotonin (5-HT) 23554: 23553: 23452:Serotonin (5-HT) 23424: 23423: 23331:Serotonin (5-HT) 23246: 23245: 23082:Hydroxybupropion 22923:Serotonin (5-HT) 22884:trichloroethanol 22862: 22861: 22850: 22849: 22355:Serotonin (5-HT) 22033: 22032: 21674:Serotonin (5-HT) 21556:levofenfluramine 21540:chlorphentermine 21526:4-Methylaminorex 21516: 21515: 21429:prochlorperazine 21253:Phenoxybenzamine 21223:MIN-117 (WF-516) 20878:Serotonin (5-HT) 20494: 20493: 20482: 20481: 20407:Serotonin (5-HT) 20356: 20355: 20270:Serotonin (5-HT) 20245: 20244: 20016:Serotonin (5-HT) 19931: 19930: 19717:Serotonin (5-HT) 19632: 19631: 19514:MIN-117 (WF-516) 19283:Serotonin (5-HT) 18928: 18927: 18916: 18915: 18890: 18883: 18876: 18867: 18866: 18505: 18475:Amanita muscaria 18414:releasing agents 18395: 17199: 17198: 17179:THC (Dronabinol) 17162: 17161: 17149: 17142: 17141: 17089:Phenyltoloxamine 16877: 16729:Dextromethorphan 16456:Ketamine-related 16453: 16452: 16442: 16441: 16428: 16390: 16214: 16177: 16115:Ibogaine-related 16084: 15938: 15901: 15859: 15822: 15772: 15771: 15508:Fluoroproscaline 15498:Difluoroescaline 15448:2-Bromomescaline 14736: 14658: 14585: 14517: 14439: 14361: 14333: 14323: 14322: 14307: 14306: 13966: 13965: 13722: 13721: 13708: 13690: 13683: 13676: 13667: 13666: 13642: 13641: 13631: 13599: 13590: 13589: 13561: 13552: 13551: 13523: 13517: 13516: 13514: 13512: 13497: 13491: 13490: 13462: 13456: 13455: 13445: 13413: 13407: 13406: 13377: 13371: 13370: 13353:(9): 1133–1152. 13342: 13336: 13335: 13325: 13293: 13287: 13286: 13258: 13249: 13248: 13238: 13206: 13200: 13199: 13171: 13162: 13161: 13151: 13119: 13100: 13099: 13089: 13079: 13055: 13049: 13048: 13046: 13044: 13035:. Pharmaphorum. 13028: 13022: 13021: 13019: 13017: 13002: 12996: 12995: 12985: 12953: 12947: 12946: 12936: 12904: 12898: 12897: 12887: 12877: 12853: 12847: 12846: 12818: 12812: 12811: 12775: 12769: 12768: 12766: 12764: 12758: 12729: 12720: 12714: 12713: 12705: 12696: 12695: 12693: 12691: 12663: 12657: 12656: 12628: 12622: 12621: 12611: 12579: 12573: 12572: 12536: 12530: 12529: 12527: 12525: 12519: 12512: 12504: 12498: 12497: 12495: 12493: 12470: 12464: 12463: 12461: 12459: 12444: 12438: 12437: 12419: 12413: 12412: 12387: 12378: 12377: 12367: 12357: 12333: 12327: 12321: 12315: 12314: 12312: 12310: 12296: 12290: 12289: 12287: 12285: 12271: 12265: 12264: 12262: 12260: 12245: 12239: 12238: 12236: 12234: 12219: 12213: 12207: 12197: 12195: 12179: 12173: 12172: 12170: 12168: 12162: 12156:. Archived from 12151: 12142: 12136: 12135: 12125: 12093: 12087: 12086: 12084: 12082: 12062: 12056: 12055: 12053: 12051: 12045: 12039:. Archived from 12034: 12025: 12019: 12018: 12016: 12014: 12008: 11997: 11989: 11983: 11982: 11980: 11974:. Archived from 11941: 11932: 11926: 11925: 11897: 11891: 11890: 11888: 11886: 11871: 11865: 11864: 11847:(1–3): 160–164. 11836: 11830: 11829: 11817: 11811: 11810: 11782: 11773: 11772: 11744: 11738: 11737: 11713: 11707: 11706: 11704: 11702: 11697:on June 26, 2010 11696: 11681: 11672: 11666: 11665: 11663: 11661: 11617: 11611: 11610: 11588: 11582: 11581: 11579: 11577: 11557: 11551: 11550: 11541:(1–2): 305–331. 11526: 11517: 11516: 11514: 11512: 11506: 11491: 11482: 11473: 11472: 11470: 11468: 11424: 11418: 11417: 11381: 11375: 11374: 11346: 11340: 11339: 11311: 11305: 11304: 11287:(1–3): 403–407. 11276: 11267: 11266: 11246: 11240: 11239: 11210: 11201: 11200: 11171: 11165: 11164: 11155:(1–2): 201–208. 11144: 11138: 11137: 11109: 11103: 11102: 11074: 11068: 11067: 11038: 11029: 11028: 11000: 10994: 10993: 10991: 10989: 10961: 10955: 10954: 10933:Cole MD (2003). 10930: 10924: 10923: 10921: 10919: 10889: 10883: 10882: 10854: 10848: 10847: 10837: 10813: 10807: 10806: 10788: 10782: 10781: 10771: 10761: 10737: 10731: 10730: 10707:Pharmacogenomics 10702: 10696: 10695: 10667: 10661: 10660: 10632: 10623: 10622: 10612: 10602: 10578: 10572: 10571: 10543: 10537: 10536: 10534: 10532: 10513: 10507: 10506: 10504: 10502: 10474: 10468: 10467: 10457: 10447: 10423: 10414: 10413: 10403: 10371: 10362: 10361: 10351: 10341: 10317: 10308: 10307: 10305: 10303: 10288: 10282: 10281: 10279: 10277: 10262: 10256: 10255: 10253: 10251: 10236: 10230: 10229: 10227: 10225: 10210: 10204: 10203: 10193: 10161: 10155: 10154: 10144: 10112: 10106: 10105: 10095: 10085: 10053: 10047: 10046: 10029:(8): 1327–1337. 10020: 10011: 10005: 10004: 9994: 9984: 9960: 9954: 9953: 9943: 9919: 9913: 9912: 9902: 9862: 9856: 9855: 9845: 9813: 9807: 9806: 9804: 9802: 9756: 9750: 9749: 9739: 9707: 9698: 9697: 9687: 9678:(4): 1210–1218. 9663: 9657: 9656: 9628: 9617: 9616: 9606: 9596: 9568: 9559: 9558: 9530: 9521: 9520: 9510: 9470: 9464: 9463: 9461: 9459: 9438: 9429: 9428: 9392: 9379: 9378: 9376: 9374: 9344: 9338: 9337: 9335: 9333: 9314: 9308: 9307: 9305: 9303: 9292:Medpagetoday.com 9283: 9277: 9276: 9258: 9218: 9212: 9211: 9209: 9207: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9183: 9177:. Archived from 9144: 9135: 9129: 9128: 9100: 9094: 9093: 9078: 9069: 9068: 9047:Smith H (2000). 9044: 9038: 9037: 9035: 9033: 9028:on July 22, 2008 9027: 9021:. Archived from 9012: 8986: 8977: 8968: 8967: 8955: 8949: 8948: 8912: 8906: 8905: 8903: 8901: 8895: 8872: 8854: 8845: 8839: 8838: 8821:James W (1902). 8818: 8812: 8811: 8793: 8787: 8786: 8760: 8754: 8753: 8743: 8711: 8702: 8701: 8691: 8659: 8653: 8652: 8626: 8620: 8619: 8617: 8615: 8609: 8594: 8585: 8579: 8578: 8550: 8544: 8543: 8507: 8498: 8497: 8461: 8455: 8454: 8418: 8412: 8411: 8375: 8369: 8368: 8336: 8327: 8326: 8306: 8300: 8299: 8263: 8257: 8256: 8254: 8248:. Archived from 8215: 8206: 8197: 8196: 8165:Human Toxicology 8160: 8154: 8153: 8133: 8127: 8126: 8113: 8107: 8106: 8104: 8102: 8074: 8068: 8067: 8065: 8063: 8057: 8026: 8017: 8011: 8010: 7986: 7977: 7976: 7940: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7926: 7898: 7892: 7891: 7889: 7887: 7859: 7853: 7852: 7850: 7848: 7837: 7826: 7825: 7815: 7783: 7777: 7776: 7766: 7756: 7732: 7726: 7725: 7723: 7721: 7688:Leary T (2007). 7685: 7679: 7678: 7676: 7674: 7650: 7637: 7636: 7634: 7632: 7617: 7611: 7610: 7600: 7568: 7562: 7561: 7551: 7519: 7513: 7512: 7489:Neuropsychologia 7484: 7478: 7477: 7467: 7443: 7432: 7431: 7411: 7402: 7401: 7391: 7359: 7350: 7349: 7309: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7298: 7292: 7253: 7244: 7238: 7237: 7201: 7195: 7194: 7158: 7149: 7148: 7130: 7124: 7121: 7100: 7071: 7042: 7005: 6966: 6960: 6959: 6947: 6941: 6940: 6938: 6936: 6930: 6907: 6898: 6892: 6891: 6889: 6887: 6872: 6866: 6865: 6855: 6823: 6817: 6816: 6806: 6774: 6765: 6764: 6762: 6760: 6726: 6715: 6714: 6712: 6710: 6704: 6665: 6656: 6645: 6644: 6634: 6602: 6596: 6595: 6593: 6591: 6576: 6570: 6569: 6567: 6561:. Archived from 6536: 6527: 6496: 6495: 6467: 6461: 6460: 6458: 6456: 6440: 6434: 6433: 6431: 6429: 6407: 6401: 6400: 6364: 6355: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6344: 6323: 6314: 6305: 6304: 6302: 6300: 6252: 6246: 6245: 6227: 6221: 6220: 6199: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6179: 6173:. Archived from 6148: 6139: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6128: 6114: 6108: 6107: 6105: 6081: 6072: 6071: 6069: 6067: 6061: 6055:. Archived from 6046: 6020: 6011: 6005: 6004: 6001:10.1037/h0088612 5984: 5978: 5977: 5941: 5932: 5931: 5910: 5899: 5898: 5886: 5880: 5879: 5877: 5875: 5847: 5841: 5840: 5825:Gartz J (1997). 5822: 5813: 5812: 5794: 5788: 5787: 5785: 5761: 5755: 5754: 5731: 5718: 5717: 5699: 5686: 5685: 5660: 5641: 5640: 5608: 5602: 5601: 5585: 5579: 5578: 5572: 5564: 5562: 5560: 5549: 5543: 5542: 5532: 5522: 5490: 5481: 5480: 5478: 5476: 5453: 5447: 5443:, 11th Edition, 5436: 5427: 5426: 5416: 5406: 5382: 5369: 5368: 5332: 5323: 5322: 5308: 5276: 5270: 5269: 5240: 5234: 5233: 5204: 5195: 5194: 5184: 5174: 5150: 5135: 5134: 5124: 5100: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5068: 5045: 5039: 5038: 5028: 5018: 4994: 4988: 4987: 4977: 4967: 4943: 4922: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4889: 4880: 4879: 4853: 4833: 4824: 4823: 4787: 4778: 4777: 4767: 4735: 4726: 4725: 4685: 4656: 4655: 4645: 4613: 4588: 4577: 4571: 4554: 4548: 4544: 4538: 4531: 4525: 4446: 4440: 4429: 4379: 4374: 4373: 4372: 4338:cardiac fibrosis 4290: 4286: 4282: 4270: 4266: 4259: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4156:cluster headache 4070:RAND Corporation 3987:Schedule I drugs 3971: 3965: 3959: 3953: 3947: 3941: 3823: 3803: 3770:chemotaxonomical 3753:P. cubensis 3483: 3475: 3346:Mandelin reagent 3185:Pharmacokinetics 3160:body temperature 3027:dephosphorylated 3018:Psilocybin is a 3012: 2999: 2933: 2924: 2920: 2909: 2905: 2896: 2887: 2883: 2872: 2868: 2859: 2855: 2845: 2841: 2830: 2826: 2561: 2557: 2542:Pharmacodynamics 2526:Escherichia coli 2220:Roland Griffiths 2174:. In the 1960s, 1912: 1821:Through further 1692:Physical effects 1629:. In studies at 1585:Reported effects 1531:Carlos Castaneda 1410:R. Gordon Wasson 1336:Amanita muscaria 1312:Florentine Codex 1073:, and perceived 1016:4-phosphoryloxy- 1014:, also known as 1005: 1004: 935: 915: 903: 897: 891: 885: 879: 862: 851: 840: 839: 825: 823: 808: 788: 768: 748: 728: 708: 688: 678: 677: 663: 603: 599: 595: 591: 585: 581: 564: 560: 556: 552: 546: 542: 528: 518: 475: 464: 460: 449: 445: 430: 426: 355: 352: 343: 340: 332: 329: 319: 316: 310: 307: 204: 201: 152: 151: 148: 147: 144: 141: 138: 126: 120: 119: 116: 115: 112: 109: 106: 103: 100: 97: 94: 91: 88: 85: 62: 50: 43: 40: 38: 31: 21: 26129: 26128: 26124: 26123: 26122: 26120: 26119: 26118: 26059: 26058: 26057: 26052: 25870:4-Aza-5-MeO-DPT 25853: 25652: 25599: 25408: 25316:2-Iodomelatonin 25299: 24524: 24519: 24489: 24484: 24398: 24363: 24341:chlorprothixene 24075: 23969: 23956: 23913: 23679: 23549: 23536: 23471: 23419: 23406: 23355: 23241: 23228: 23202: 23170:Volatiles/gases 22982: 22972:trichloroethane 22956:Volatiles/gases 22895:Phenylbiguanide 22857: 22846: 22839: 22822: 22792: 22425: 22295:Phenethylamines 22028: 22015: 21994: 21732: 21560:norfenfluramine 21548:dexfenfluramine 21511: 21498: 21473: 21453:trifluoperazine 21104:Chlorprothixene 20938: 20846:Phenethylamines 20657:Bromo-DragonFLY 20489: 20477: 20460: 20439: 20351: 20338: 20310: 20294: 20240: 20227: 20193: 20097: 19926: 19913: 19884: 19779: 19627: 19614: 19583: 19369: 18953:Antidepressants 18923: 18911: 18902: 18894: 18864: 18855: 18819: 18810:Silene capensis 18791: 18590: 18504: 18496: 18447: 18445: 18436: 18422:methamphetamine 18410:methylphenidate 18399: 18396:Also indirect D 18394: 18311: 18294: 18265:THC-O-phosphate 17930:5F-CUMYL-PINACA 17876: 17545: 17484: 17438: 17188: 17155: 17148: 17133: 17114:Trihexyphenidyl 17009:Diphenhydramine 16924:Brompheniramine 16882: 16876: 16864: 16748: 16710: 16706:Methoxphenidine 16679: 16647: 16621: 16525: 16506:Methoxyketamine 16447: 16433: 16427: 16415: 16389: 16336: 16245: 16203: 16166: 16110: 16106:(The Light) DPT 16073: 16016:5-MeO-α,N,N-TMT 15927: 15890: 15848: 15811: 15761: 15729: 15593: 15562: 15436: 15365: 15336: 15255: 15201: 15153: 15071:N-(2C)-fentanyl 15065: 14983: 14974:NBOMe-mescaline 14827: 14724: 14646: 14573: 14505: 14427: 14349: 14305: 13960: 13953: 13780: 13773: 13754:Bromo-DragonFLY 13716: 13714: 13707: 13699: 13694: 13651: 13646: 13645: 13600: 13593: 13562: 13555: 13524: 13520: 13510: 13508: 13499: 13498: 13494: 13463: 13459: 13414: 13410: 13378: 13374: 13343: 13339: 13294: 13290: 13259: 13252: 13207: 13203: 13172: 13165: 13120: 13103: 13064:Pharmaceuticals 13056: 13052: 13042: 13040: 13029: 13025: 13015: 13013: 13004: 13003: 12999: 12954: 12950: 12905: 12901: 12854: 12850: 12819: 12815: 12780:Economic Botany 12776: 12772: 12762: 12760: 12756: 12750: 12727: 12721: 12717: 12706: 12699: 12689: 12687: 12680: 12666:Bone E (2011). 12664: 12660: 12629: 12625: 12580: 12576: 12537: 12533: 12523: 12521: 12517: 12510: 12506: 12505: 12501: 12491: 12489: 12471: 12467: 12457: 12455: 12453:DoubleBlind Mag 12445: 12441: 12434: 12420: 12416: 12409: 12388: 12381: 12334: 12330: 12322: 12318: 12308: 12306: 12298: 12297: 12293: 12283: 12281: 12273: 12272: 12268: 12258: 12256: 12255:. July 17, 2023 12247: 12246: 12242: 12232: 12230: 12221: 12220: 12216: 12193: 12191: 12180: 12176: 12166: 12164: 12160: 12149: 12143: 12139: 12094: 12090: 12080: 12078: 12063: 12059: 12049: 12047: 12043: 12032: 12026: 12022: 12012: 12010: 12006: 11995: 11991: 11990: 11986: 11978: 11939: 11933: 11929: 11898: 11894: 11884: 11882: 11873: 11872: 11868: 11837: 11833: 11818: 11814: 11783: 11776: 11745: 11741: 11714: 11710: 11700: 11698: 11694: 11679: 11673: 11669: 11659: 11657: 11642:10.2307/3759505 11618: 11614: 11607: 11589: 11585: 11575: 11573: 11558: 11554: 11527: 11520: 11510: 11508: 11504: 11489: 11483: 11476: 11466: 11464: 11432: 11425: 11421: 11382: 11378: 11347: 11343: 11312: 11308: 11277: 11270: 11247: 11243: 11211: 11204: 11172: 11168: 11145: 11141: 11110: 11106: 11075: 11071: 11039: 11032: 11001: 10997: 10987: 10985: 10978: 10962: 10958: 10951: 10931: 10927: 10917: 10915: 10908: 10894:"Hallucinogens" 10890: 10886: 10855: 10851: 10814: 10810: 10803: 10789: 10785: 10746:Front Pharmacol 10738: 10734: 10703: 10699: 10668: 10664: 10633: 10626: 10579: 10575: 10544: 10540: 10530: 10528: 10515: 10514: 10510: 10500: 10498: 10491: 10475: 10471: 10424: 10417: 10372: 10365: 10318: 10311: 10301: 10299: 10292:"PDSP Database" 10290: 10289: 10285: 10275: 10273: 10266:"PDSP Database" 10264: 10263: 10259: 10249: 10247: 10237: 10233: 10223: 10221: 10211: 10207: 10162: 10158: 10113: 10109: 10054: 10050: 10018: 10012: 10008: 9961: 9957: 9920: 9916: 9863: 9859: 9814: 9810: 9800: 9798: 9757: 9753: 9728:10.1002/evl3.42 9708: 9701: 9664: 9660: 9629: 9620: 9581:Pharmaceuticals 9569: 9562: 9531: 9524: 9485:(Pt 1): 36–55. 9471: 9467: 9457: 9455: 9440: 9439: 9432: 9393: 9382: 9372: 9370: 9363: 9345: 9341: 9331: 9329: 9316: 9315: 9311: 9301: 9299: 9284: 9280: 9239:10.2307/1384454 9219: 9215: 9205: 9203: 9194: 9193: 9189: 9181: 9142: 9136: 9132: 9101: 9097: 9079: 9072: 9065: 9045: 9041: 9031: 9029: 9025: 8984: 8978: 8971: 8956: 8952: 8913: 8909: 8899: 8897: 8893: 8870:10.1.1.509.4769 8852: 8846: 8842: 8835: 8819: 8815: 8808: 8794: 8790: 8783: 8761: 8757: 8712: 8705: 8660: 8656: 8645: 8627: 8623: 8613: 8611: 8607: 8592: 8586: 8582: 8551: 8547: 8508: 8501: 8462: 8458: 8419: 8415: 8376: 8372: 8337: 8330: 8317:(10): 639–640. 8307: 8303: 8264: 8260: 8252: 8213: 8207: 8200: 8161: 8157: 8134: 8130: 8114: 8110: 8100: 8098: 8091: 8075: 8071: 8061: 8059: 8055: 8024: 8018: 8014: 8007: 7987: 7980: 7941: 7934: 7924: 7922: 7915: 7899: 7895: 7885: 7883: 7876: 7860: 7856: 7846: 7844: 7839: 7838: 7829: 7784: 7780: 7733: 7729: 7719: 7717: 7702: 7686: 7682: 7672: 7670: 7651: 7640: 7630: 7628: 7619: 7618: 7614: 7569: 7565: 7520: 7516: 7485: 7481: 7444: 7435: 7412: 7405: 7360: 7353: 7310: 7306: 7296: 7294: 7290: 7251: 7245: 7241: 7202: 7198: 7159: 7152: 7145: 7131: 7127: 7112:(1–12): 83–86. 6967: 6963: 6948: 6944: 6934: 6932: 6928: 6905: 6899: 6895: 6885: 6883: 6874: 6873: 6869: 6824: 6820: 6775: 6768: 6758: 6756: 6749: 6727: 6718: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6663: 6657: 6648: 6603: 6599: 6589: 6587: 6578: 6577: 6573: 6565: 6534: 6528: 6499: 6468: 6464: 6454: 6452: 6441: 6437: 6427: 6425: 6408: 6404: 6365: 6358: 6348: 6346: 6342: 6336: 6321: 6315: 6308: 6298: 6296: 6273:10.2307/3757680 6253: 6249: 6242: 6228: 6224: 6217: 6200: 6193: 6183: 6181: 6177: 6146: 6140: 6136: 6126: 6124: 6116: 6115: 6111: 6082: 6075: 6065: 6063: 6059: 6018: 6012: 6008: 5985: 5981: 5942: 5935: 5928: 5911: 5902: 5887: 5883: 5873: 5871: 5848: 5844: 5837: 5823: 5816: 5809: 5795: 5791: 5762: 5758: 5751: 5732: 5721: 5714: 5700: 5689: 5682: 5672:Ten Speed Press 5661: 5644: 5617:Economic Botany 5609: 5605: 5586: 5582: 5566: 5565: 5558: 5556: 5551: 5550: 5546: 5491: 5484: 5474: 5472: 5455: 5454: 5450: 5437: 5430: 5383: 5372: 5333: 5326: 5277: 5273: 5263: 5241: 5237: 5210:Pharm Acta Helv 5205: 5198: 5151: 5138: 5101: 5076: 5066: 5064: 5046: 5042: 4995: 4991: 4944: 4925: 4915: 4913: 4906: 4890: 4883: 4851:10.1.1.690.1283 4834: 4827: 4788: 4781: 4736: 4729: 4686: 4659: 4614: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4591: 4578: 4574: 4555: 4551: 4545: 4541: 4532: 4528: 4514:Taikasieniforum 4447: 4443: 4430: 4426: 4421: 4393:-Acetylpsilocin 4375: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4352: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4279:(Lexapro) for 6 4268: 4264: 4257: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4216:in people with 4195:Clinical trials 4192: 4184:psychoplastogen 4128: 4122: 4114:Catholic Church 4050: 4042:ego dissolution 4030: 4025: 4024: 3973: 3969: 3967: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3955: 3951: 3949: 3945: 3943: 3939: 3930: 3922: 3912: 3907: 3836: 3835: 3834: 3833: 3832: 3824: 3815: 3814: 3813: 3804: 3592:P. hoogshagenii 3520:P. semilanceata 3474: 3422:electrochemical 3362:methamphetamine 3334:reagent testing 3326: 3310:biogenic amines 3239:glucuronic acid 3187: 3179:ego dissolution 3148:cerebral cortex 3140: 3125: 3103: 3092: 3083:psychotomimetic 3081:receptors. The 3079: 3072: 3065: 3057: 3050: 3029:in the body to 3020:psychoplastogen 2998: 2956: 2943: 2932: 2922: 2907: 2895: 2885: 2870: 2857: 2854: 2843: 2828: 2814: 2801: 2788: 2775: 2762: 2749: 2736: 2723: 2710: 2697: 2684: 2671: 2658: 2645: 2632: 2619: 2606: 2593: 2580: 2570: 2544: 2539: 2487:phosphorylation 2454:decarboxylation 2431: 2422:chromatographic 2414: 2402:hydrated phases 2371:petroleum ether 2302: 2297: 2280: 2278:Available forms 2229:methylphenidate 2145:Terence McKenna 2106: 2080:medicines, and 2062:drug dependence 2043:phenethylamines 2039:cross-tolerance 2019: 1961: 1929: 1920: 1910: 1900: 1876: 1852:panic reactions 1840: 1838:Adverse effects 1823:anthropological 1819: 1807: 1782:set and setting 1762:passage of time 1746: 1694: 1607:set and setting 1587: 1579:neuropsychology 1407:ethnomycologist 1377: 1342:Carolus Clusius 1246:Archaeological 1235:Villar del Humo 1229:6,000-year-old 1197: 1192: 1159:set and setting 1000: 998: 993: 990: 985: 980: 979: 968: 965: 960: 959: 938: 913: 900: 894: 888: 882: 843: 819: 811: 791: 771: 751: 731: 711: 691: 674: 666: 646: 643: 638: 637: 601: 597: 593: 587: 583: 579: 562: 558: 554: 548: 544: 540: 526: 516: 508:Onset of action 501: 499: 497: 491: 469:Glucuronidation 466: 462: 451: 447: 432: 428: 417: 395:Protein binding 378:Bioavailability 370:Pharmacokinetic 364: 289: 256: 237: 225: 213: 135: 131: 124: 82: 78: 65: 53: 35: 34: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 26127: 26117: 26116: 26111: 26106: 26101: 26096: 26091: 26086: 26081: 26076: 26071: 26054: 26053: 26051: 26050: 26045: 26040: 26035: 26017: 26012: 26007: 25981: 25976: 25971: 25966: 25961: 25956: 25947: 25942: 25937: 25932: 25927: 25922: 25917: 25912: 25907: 25902: 25897: 25892: 25887: 25882: 25877: 25872: 25867: 25861: 25859: 25855: 25854: 25852: 25851: 25813: 25808: 25803: 25798: 25793: 25788: 25783: 25776:tabernanthalog 25750: 25697: 25692: 25678: 25673: 25668: 25662: 25660: 25654: 25653: 25651: 25650: 25645: 25640: 25635: 25630: 25625: 25620: 25615: 25609: 25607: 25601: 25600: 25598: 25597: 25592: 25583: 25578: 25573: 25568: 25563: 25558: 25553: 25540: 25527: 25514: 25509: 25504: 25499: 25494: 25489: 25484: 25479: 25474: 25469: 25464: 25459: 25454: 25449: 25444: 25439: 25434: 25429: 25424: 25418: 25416: 25410: 25409: 25407: 25406: 25401: 25396: 25388: 25380: 25372: 25366:Normelatonin ( 25363: 25358: 25353: 25348: 25343: 25338: 25333: 25328: 25323: 25318: 25312: 25310: 25301: 25300: 25298: 25297: 25292: 25287: 25282: 25277: 25272: 25267: 25262: 25257: 25252: 25247: 25242: 25233: 25228: 25223: 25218: 25213: 25208: 25203: 25198: 25190: 25185: 25180: 25175: 25170: 25165: 25160: 25155: 25150: 25145: 25140: 25135: 25130: 25125: 25120: 25115: 25110: 25105: 25100: 25095: 25090: 25085: 25080: 25075: 25070: 25065: 25060: 25055: 25050: 25045: 25040: 25035: 25030: 25025: 25020: 25011: 25006: 25001: 24996: 24991: 24986: 24981: 24976: 24971: 24966: 24961: 24956: 24951: 24946: 24941: 24936: 24931: 24926: 24921: 24916: 24911: 24906: 24901: 24896: 24891: 24886: 24881: 24876: 24871: 24866: 24861: 24856: 24851: 24846: 24841: 24836: 24831: 24818: 24813: 24808: 24803: 24798: 24793: 24788: 24783: 24778: 24773: 24768: 24763: 24758: 24753: 24748: 24743: 24738: 24733: 24728: 24723: 24718: 24713: 24708: 24703: 24698: 24693: 24688: 24683: 24678: 24673: 24668: 24663: 24658: 24653: 24648: 24643: 24638: 24633: 24628: 24626:4-HO-5-MeO-DMT 24623: 24618: 24613: 24608: 24603: 24598: 24593: 24588: 24583: 24578: 24573: 24568: 24555: 24550: 24545: 24540: 24534: 24532: 24526: 24525: 24518: 24517: 24510: 24503: 24495: 24486: 24485: 24483: 24482: 24473: 24464: 24451: 24442: 24433: 24424: 24411: 24408: 24407: 24404: 24403: 24400: 24399: 24397: 24396: 24386: 24368: 24365: 24364: 24362: 24361: 24356: 24337:chlorpromazine 24333:acetophenazine 24326: 24308: 24286: 24281: 24276: 24271: 24266: 24261: 24256: 24251: 24246: 24241: 24236: 24231: 24226: 24221: 24216: 24211: 24157: 24152: 24147: 24142: 24080: 24077: 24076: 24074: 24073: 24051: 24041: 24036: 24031: 24026: 24021: 24016: 24011: 24001: 23996: 23991: 23986: 23977: 23971: 23967: 23962: 23961: 23958: 23957: 23955: 23954: 23944: 23918: 23915: 23914: 23912: 23911: 23904:chlorpromazine 23897: 23875: 23861: 23856: 23851: 23846: 23841: 23836: 23831: 23826: 23821: 23816: 23811: 23806: 23801: 23796: 23791: 23786: 23781: 23776: 23771: 23766: 23761: 23756: 23751: 23746: 23741: 23736: 23731: 23693: 23684: 23681: 23680: 23678: 23677: 23672: 23667: 23609: 23604: 23599: 23557: 23551: 23547: 23542: 23541: 23538: 23537: 23535: 23534: 23524: 23506: 23505: 23500: 23495: 23490: 23485: 23476: 23473: 23472: 23470: 23469: 23467:Valerenic acid 23464: 23454: 23449: 23427: 23421: 23417: 23412: 23411: 23408: 23407: 23405: 23404: 23399: 23394: 23389: 23384: 23379: 23374: 23369: 23360: 23357: 23356: 23354: 23353: 23348: 23343: 23338: 23333: 23328: 23323: 23318: 23313: 23308: 23303: 23298: 23293: 23291:Metoclopramide 23288: 23283: 23278: 23273: 23268: 23263: 23258: 23249: 23243: 23239: 23234: 23233: 23230: 23229: 23227: 23226: 23216: 23207: 23204: 23203: 23201: 23200: 23195: 23190: 23185: 23167: 23157: 23152: 23147: 23142: 23124: 23119: 23114: 23109: 23104: 23099: 23094: 23089: 23084: 23079: 23074: 23069: 23064: 23059: 23054: 23049: 23044: 23039: 23034: 23029: 23011: 23006: 23001: 22996: 22987: 22984: 22983: 22981: 22980: 22975: 22953: 22935: 22930: 22925: 22920: 22915: 22897: 22892: 22887: 22865: 22859: 22855: 22847: 22841: 22837: 22832: 22831: 22828: 22827: 22824: 22823: 22821: 22820: 22806: 22797: 22794: 22793: 22791: 22790: 22785: 22766:chlorpromazine 22759: 22745: 22740: 22735: 22730: 22700: 22695: 22690: 22685: 22680: 22675: 22670: 22665: 22660: 22655: 22650: 22645: 22640: 22635: 22630: 22625: 22620: 22615: 22610: 22605: 22600: 22595: 22590: 22585: 22580: 22542: 22537: 22532: 22527: 22522: 22520:Cyproheptadine 22517: 22512: 22507: 22502: 22444: 22439: 22430: 22427: 22426: 22424: 22423: 22418: 22413: 22408: 22403: 22357: 22352: 22347: 22342: 22337: 22332: 22306: 22292: 22287: 22282: 22277: 22272: 22267: 22245: 22240: 22235: 22177: 22155: 22150: 22145: 22140: 22135: 22130: 22096: 22070: 22036: 22030: 22026: 22021: 22020: 22017: 22016: 22014: 22013: 21999: 21996: 21995: 21993: 21992: 21987: 21982: 21979:chlorpromazine 21972: 21967: 21949: 21944: 21939: 21934: 21929: 21924: 21919: 21914: 21909: 21904: 21899: 21894: 21889: 21884: 21879: 21874: 21869: 21864: 21859: 21854: 21849: 21844: 21814: 21809: 21807:Cyproheptadine 21804: 21746: 21737: 21734: 21733: 21731: 21730: 21676: 21671: 21666: 21661: 21651: 21629: 21624: 21590: 21568: 21563: 21533: 21528: 21519: 21513: 21509: 21504: 21503: 21500: 21499: 21497: 21496: 21478: 21475: 21474: 21472: 21471: 21466: 21461: 21456: 21401:chlorpromazine 21394: 21384: 21354: 21349: 21344: 21339: 21334: 21300: 21295: 21290: 21285: 21280: 21275: 21270: 21265: 21260: 21255: 21250: 21245: 21240: 21235: 21230: 21225: 21220: 21215: 21210: 21205: 21200: 21195: 21190: 21185: 21180: 21175: 21170: 21165: 21131: 21126: 21121: 21116: 21111: 21106: 21101: 20999: 20994: 20979:cyproheptadine 20975:Antihistamines 20972: 20967: 20962: 20957: 20952: 20943: 20940: 20939: 20937: 20936: 20890: 20885: 20880: 20875: 20857: 20843: 20841:SCHEMBL5334361 20838: 20833: 20828: 20823: 20818: 20813: 20808: 20786: 20781: 20776: 20771: 20766: 20696: 20691: 20669: 20664: 20659: 20654: 20649: 20644: 20610: 20584: 20579: 20574: 20544: 20497: 20491: 20487: 20479: 20475: 20470: 20469: 20466: 20465: 20462: 20461: 20459: 20458: 20453: 20444: 20441: 20440: 20438: 20437: 20427: 20409: 20404: 20399: 20394: 20373: 20368: 20359: 20353: 20349: 20344: 20343: 20340: 20339: 20337: 20336: 20315: 20312: 20311: 20309: 20308: 20299: 20296: 20295: 20293: 20292: 20282: 20272: 20267: 20257: 20248: 20242: 20238: 20233: 20232: 20229: 20228: 20226: 20225: 20207: 20198: 20195: 20194: 20192: 20191: 20186: 20181: 20176: 20171: 20166: 20161: 20156: 20151: 20146: 20141: 20136: 20131: 20121: 20116: 20111: 20102: 20099: 20098: 20096: 20095: 20065: 20023: 20018: 20013: 20008: 20003: 19998: 19993: 19988: 19983: 19953: 19948: 19943: 19934: 19928: 19924: 19919: 19918: 19915: 19914: 19912: 19911: 19889: 19886: 19885: 19883: 19882: 19877: 19872: 19867: 19862: 19857: 19852: 19847: 19842: 19832: 19827: 19793: 19784: 19781: 19780: 19778: 19777: 19772: 19750: 19745: 19719: 19714: 19709: 19704: 19674: 19669: 19664: 19659: 19654: 19649: 19644: 19635: 19629: 19625: 19620: 19619: 19616: 19615: 19613: 19612: 19602: 19597: 19588: 19585: 19584: 19582: 19581: 19576: 19571: 19566: 19561: 19556: 19551: 19546: 19541: 19536: 19531: 19526: 19521: 19516: 19511: 19506: 19501: 19496: 19491: 19486: 19481: 19476: 19466: 19461: 19456: 19451: 19401: 19396: 19374: 19371: 19370: 19368: 19367: 19362: 19357: 19352: 19347: 19342: 19337: 19295: 19290: 19285: 19280: 19275: 19270: 19265: 19260: 19255: 19250: 19245: 19240: 19235: 19230: 19225: 19220: 19215: 19210: 19205: 19200: 19195: 19190: 19185: 19180: 19175: 19170: 19165: 19160: 19155: 19150: 19145: 19140: 19135: 19093: 19088: 19083: 19078: 19073: 19068: 19063: 19058: 19053: 19048: 19022: 18984: 18950: 18945: 18940: 18931: 18925: 18921: 18913: 18909: 18904: 18903: 18893: 18892: 18885: 18878: 18870: 18861: 18860: 18857: 18856: 18854: 18853: 18848: 18843: 18838: 18833: 18827: 18825: 18821: 18820: 18818: 18817: 18812: 18807: 18801: 18799: 18793: 18792: 18790: 18789: 18784: 18779: 18774: 18769: 18764: 18759: 18754: 18752:Racemethorphan 18749: 18744: 18739: 18734: 18729: 18724: 18719: 18714: 18709: 18704: 18699: 18694: 18689: 18687:Levomethorphan 18684: 18679: 18674: 18669: 18664: 18659: 18654: 18649: 18644: 18639: 18634: 18629: 18624: 18619: 18614: 18609: 18603: 18601: 18592: 18591: 18589: 18588: 18587: 18586: 18581: 18571: 18570: 18569: 18564: 18554: 18553: 18552: 18542: 18541: 18540: 18535: 18530: 18525: 18514: 18512: 18498: 18497: 18495: 18494: 18489: 18484: 18479: 18467: 18462: 18457: 18451: 18449: 18443: 18438: 18437: 18435: 18434: 18397: 18389: 18384: 18379: 18374: 18369: 18367:Phenethylamine 18364: 18359: 18354: 18349: 18344: 18339: 18334: 18329: 18324: 18318: 18316: 18309: 18304: 18303: 18300: 18299: 18296: 18295: 18293: 18292: 18287: 18282: 18277: 18272: 18267: 18262: 18257: 18252: 18247: 18242: 18237: 18232: 18227: 18222: 18217: 18212: 18207: 18202: 18197: 18192: 18187: 18182: 18177: 18172: 18167: 18162: 18157: 18152: 18147: 18142: 18137: 18132: 18127: 18122: 18117: 18112: 18107: 18102: 18097: 18092: 18087: 18082: 18077: 18072: 18067: 18062: 18057: 18055:CUMYL-THPINACA 18052: 18047: 18042: 18037: 18032: 18027: 18022: 18017: 18012: 18007: 18002: 17997: 17992: 17987: 17982: 17977: 17972: 17967: 17962: 17957: 17952: 17947: 17942: 17937: 17932: 17927: 17922: 17917: 17912: 17907: 17902: 17897: 17892: 17886: 17884: 17878: 17877: 17875: 17874: 17869: 17864: 17859: 17854: 17849: 17844: 17839: 17834: 17829: 17824: 17819: 17814: 17809: 17804: 17799: 17794: 17789: 17784: 17779: 17774: 17769: 17764: 17759: 17754: 17749: 17744: 17739: 17734: 17729: 17724: 17719: 17714: 17709: 17704: 17699: 17694: 17689: 17684: 17679: 17674: 17669: 17664: 17659: 17654: 17649: 17644: 17639: 17634: 17629: 17624: 17619: 17614: 17609: 17604: 17599: 17594: 17589: 17584: 17579: 17574: 17569: 17564: 17558: 17556: 17547: 17546: 17544: 17543: 17538: 17533: 17528: 17523: 17518: 17513: 17508: 17503: 17497: 17495: 17486: 17485: 17483: 17482: 17477: 17472: 17467: 17462: 17457: 17451: 17449: 17440: 17439: 17437: 17436: 17431: 17426: 17421: 17416: 17411: 17406: 17401: 17396: 17391: 17386: 17381: 17376: 17371: 17366: 17361: 17356: 17351: 17346: 17341: 17336: 17331: 17326: 17321: 17316: 17311: 17306: 17301: 17296: 17291: 17286: 17281: 17276: 17271: 17266: 17261: 17256: 17251: 17246: 17241: 17236: 17231: 17226: 17221: 17216: 17210: 17208: 17196: 17190: 17189: 17187: 17186: 17181: 17176: 17170: 17168: 17159: 17153: 17139: 17135: 17134: 17132: 17131: 17126: 17121: 17119:Tripelennamine 17116: 17111: 17106: 17101: 17096: 17091: 17086: 17081: 17076: 17071: 17066: 17061: 17056: 17051: 17046: 17041: 17036: 17031: 17026: 17021: 17016: 17011: 17006: 17004:Dimenhydrinate 17001: 16996: 16994:Cyproheptadine 16991: 16986: 16981: 16976: 16974:Chlorphenamine 16971: 16969:Chloropyramine 16966: 16961: 16956: 16951: 16946: 16941: 16936: 16931: 16926: 16921: 16916: 16911: 16906: 16901: 16896: 16890: 16888: 16870: 16869: 16866: 16865: 16863: 16862: 16857: 16852: 16847: 16842: 16837: 16832: 16827: 16822: 16817: 16812: 16807: 16802: 16797: 16792: 16787: 16782: 16777: 16772: 16767: 16762: 16756: 16754: 16750: 16749: 16747: 16746: 16741: 16739:Racemethorphan 16736: 16731: 16726: 16724:Dextrallorphan 16720: 16718: 16712: 16711: 16709: 16708: 16703: 16698: 16693: 16687: 16685: 16681: 16680: 16678: 16677: 16672: 16667: 16661: 16659: 16653: 16652: 16649: 16648: 16646: 16645: 16640: 16635: 16629: 16627: 16623: 16622: 16620: 16619: 16613: 16607: 16601: 16596: 16590: 16587:Dieticyclidine 16584: 16579: 16574: 16569: 16564: 16559: 16554: 16549: 16544: 16539: 16533: 16531: 16527: 16526: 16524: 16523: 16518: 16513: 16508: 16503: 16501:Methoxmetamine 16498: 16493: 16488: 16487:((S)-ketamine) 16482: 16476: 16471: 16470:((R)-ketamine) 16465: 16459: 16457: 16450: 16439: 16421: 16420: 16417: 16416: 16414: 16413: 16384: 16379: 16374: 16369: 16364: 16359: 16354: 16348: 16346: 16342: 16341: 16338: 16337: 16335: 16334: 16329: 16324: 16319: 16314: 16309: 16304: 16299: 16294: 16289: 16284: 16279: 16274: 16269: 16264: 16259: 16253: 16251: 16247: 16246: 16244: 16243: 16238: 16233: 16228: 16223: 16217: 16215: 16205: 16204: 16202: 16201: 16196: 16191: 16186: 16180: 16178: 16168: 16167: 16165: 16164: 16159: 16154: 16149: 16144: 16139: 16134: 16129: 16124: 16118: 16116: 16112: 16111: 16109: 16108: 16103: 16098: 16093: 16087: 16085: 16075: 16074: 16072: 16071: 16066: 16061: 16056: 16051: 16046: 16041: 16036: 16023: 16018: 16013: 16000: 15987: 15982: 15977: 15972: 15967: 15962: 15960:4-HO-5-MeO-DMT 15957: 15952: 15947: 15941: 15939: 15929: 15928: 15926: 15925: 15920: 15915: 15910: 15904: 15902: 15892: 15891: 15889: 15888: 15883: 15878: 15873: 15868: 15862: 15860: 15850: 15849: 15847: 15846: 15841: 15836: 15831: 15825: 15823: 15813: 15812: 15810: 15809: 15804: 15799: 15794: 15789: 15783: 15781: 15769: 15763: 15762: 15760: 15759: 15754: 15749: 15743: 15741: 15735: 15734: 15731: 15730: 15728: 15727: 15722: 15717: 15712: 15707: 15702: 15697: 15692: 15687: 15682: 15677: 15672: 15667: 15662: 15657: 15652: 15647: 15642: 15637: 15632: 15627: 15622: 15617: 15612: 15610:2C-B-DragonFLY 15607: 15605:2C-B-BUTTERFLY 15601: 15599: 15595: 15594: 15592: 15591: 15588: 15585: 15582: 15579: 15576: 15572: 15570: 15564: 15563: 15561: 15560: 15555: 15550: 15548:Thioproscaline 15545: 15540: 15535: 15530: 15525: 15520: 15515: 15510: 15505: 15500: 15495: 15490: 15485: 15480: 15475: 15470: 15465: 15460: 15455: 15450: 15444: 15442: 15438: 15437: 15435: 15434: 15429: 15424: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15404: 15399: 15394: 15389: 15384: 15378: 15376: 15374: 15367: 15366: 15364: 15363: 15358: 15353: 15347: 15345: 15338: 15337: 15335: 15334: 15329: 15324: 15319: 15314: 15309: 15304: 15299: 15294: 15289: 15284: 15279: 15274: 15268: 15266: 15257: 15256: 15254: 15253: 15248: 15243: 15238: 15233: 15228: 15223: 15218: 15212: 15210: 15203: 15202: 15200: 15199: 15194: 15189: 15184: 15179: 15174: 15168: 15166: 15159: 15158: 15155: 15154: 15152: 15151: 15146: 15141: 15136: 15131: 15126: 15121: 15116: 15111: 15106: 15101: 15096: 15091: 15086: 15081: 15075: 15073: 15067: 15066: 15064: 15063: 15058: 15053: 15048: 15043: 15038: 15033: 15028: 15023: 15018: 15013: 15008: 15002: 15000: 14989: 14988: 14985: 14984: 14982: 14981: 14976: 14971: 14969:NBOMe-escaline 14966: 14961: 14956: 14951: 14946: 14941: 14936: 14931: 14926: 14921: 14916: 14911: 14906: 14901: 14896: 14891: 14886: 14881: 14876: 14871: 14866: 14861: 14856: 14851: 14846: 14841: 14835: 14833: 14829: 14828: 14826: 14825: 14820: 14815: 14810: 14805: 14800: 14795: 14790: 14785: 14780: 14775: 14770: 14765: 14760: 14755: 14750: 14745: 14739: 14737: 14726: 14725: 14723: 14722: 14717: 14712: 14707: 14702: 14697: 14692: 14687: 14682: 14677: 14672: 14667: 14661: 14659: 14648: 14647: 14645: 14644: 14639: 14634: 14629: 14624: 14619: 14614: 14609: 14604: 14599: 14594: 14588: 14586: 14575: 14574: 14572: 14571: 14566: 14561: 14556: 14551: 14546: 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14520: 14518: 14507: 14506: 14504: 14503: 14498: 14493: 14488: 14483: 14478: 14473: 14468: 14463: 14458: 14453: 14448: 14442: 14440: 14429: 14428: 14426: 14425: 14420: 14415: 14410: 14405: 14400: 14395: 14390: 14385: 14380: 14375: 14370: 14364: 14362: 14351: 14350: 14348: 14347: 14342: 14336: 14334: 14320: 14304: 14303: 14298: 14293: 14288: 14283: 14278: 14273: 14268: 14263: 14258: 14253: 14248: 14243: 14238: 14233: 14228: 14223: 14218: 14213: 14208: 14203: 14198: 14193: 14188: 14183: 14178: 14173: 14168: 14163: 14158: 14153: 14148: 14143: 14138: 14133: 14128: 14123: 14118: 14113: 14108: 14103: 14098: 14093: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14073: 14068: 14063: 14058: 14053: 14048: 14043: 14038: 14033: 14028: 14023: 14018: 14013: 14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13977: 13975: 13963: 13955: 13954: 13952: 13951: 13946: 13941: 13936: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13916: 13911: 13906: 13901: 13896: 13891: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13871: 13866: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13785: 13783: 13775: 13774: 13772: 13771: 13766: 13761: 13756: 13751: 13746: 13741: 13736: 13730: 13728: 13719: 13712: 13701: 13700: 13693: 13692: 13685: 13678: 13670: 13664: 13663: 13658: 13650: 13649:External links 13647: 13644: 13643: 13614:(3): 217–224. 13591: 13572:(9): 876–890. 13553: 13528:Psychiatry Res 13518: 13507:. May 15, 2024 13492: 13473:(5): 512–521. 13457: 13428:(7): 649–659. 13408: 13389:(6): 581–588. 13372: 13337: 13288: 13250: 13221:(9): 843–853. 13201: 13163: 13134:(2): 222–231. 13101: 13050: 13023: 12997: 12948: 12919:(3): 193–213. 12899: 12868:(10): e30214. 12848: 12829:(3): 234–239. 12813: 12786:(3): 404–412. 12770: 12748: 12715: 12697: 12678: 12658: 12623: 12574: 12547:(3): 270–279. 12531: 12499: 12465: 12439: 12432: 12414: 12407: 12379: 12328: 12316: 12291: 12266: 12240: 12214: 12201:Consequently, 12186:. Erowid.org. 12174: 12137: 12108:(4): 649–665. 12088: 12057: 12020: 11984: 11950:(3): 527–537. 11927: 11908:(4): 741–744. 11892: 11866: 11831: 11812: 11793:(3): 287–291. 11774: 11755:(2): 434–437. 11739: 11708: 11667: 11636:(4): 871–874. 11612: 11605: 11583: 11552: 11518: 11474: 11430: 11419: 11392:(6): 326–331. 11376: 11357:(2): 421–427. 11341: 11306: 11268: 11241: 11222:(2): 255–263. 11202: 11183:(2): 149–156. 11166: 11139: 11120:(3): 931–941. 11104: 11085:(2): 375–381. 11069: 11030: 10995: 10976: 10956: 10949: 10925: 10906: 10884: 10849: 10808: 10801: 10783: 10732: 10713:(2): 215–233. 10697: 10678:(2): 331–339. 10662: 10643:(3): 627–630. 10624: 10573: 10538: 10508: 10489: 10469: 10415: 10363: 10309: 10283: 10257: 10231: 10205: 10156: 10127:(1): 251–262. 10107: 10048: 10006: 9955: 9934:(5): 472–489. 9914: 9857: 9808: 9751: 9699: 9658: 9618: 9560: 9522: 9465: 9430: 9380: 9361: 9339: 9309: 9278: 9233:(1): 1384454. 9213: 9187: 9153:(3): 268–283. 9130: 9111:(1): 189–199. 9095: 9070: 9063: 9039: 8995:(6): 621–632. 8969: 8950: 8923:(3): 175–208. 8907: 8863:(4): 333–341. 8840: 8833: 8813: 8806: 8788: 8781: 8755: 8726:(3): 364–381. 8703: 8674:(4): 295–314. 8654: 8643: 8621: 8580: 8561:(9): 445–453. 8545: 8518:(5): 495–507. 8499: 8456: 8413: 8386:(6): 343–354. 8370: 8351:(4): 283–300. 8328: 8301: 8274:(6): 602–604. 8258: 8198: 8171:(4): 417–424. 8155: 8128: 8108: 8089: 8069: 8035:(6): 686–696. 8012: 8005: 7978: 7951:(8): 847–856. 7932: 7913: 7893: 7874: 7854: 7827: 7778: 7727: 7700: 7680: 7638: 7612: 7583:(3): 155–188. 7563: 7534:(1): nsad032. 7514: 7479: 7433: 7403: 7351: 7304: 7239: 7196: 7150: 7143: 7125: 7123: 7122: 7101: 7083:(6): 295–297. 7072: 7043: 7017:(5): 428–434. 7006: 6961: 6942: 6916:(4): 189–200. 6893: 6867: 6818: 6766: 6747: 6716: 6674:(2): 145–156. 6646: 6617:(4): 649–665. 6597: 6571: 6545:(3): 423–429. 6497: 6478:(4): 257–276. 6462: 6435: 6402: 6356: 6334: 6306: 6247: 6240: 6222: 6215: 6191: 6134: 6109: 6073: 6029:(6): 603–620. 6006: 5979: 5952:(6): 561–573. 5933: 5926: 5900: 5881: 5842: 5835: 5814: 5807: 5789: 5756: 5750:978-0979862229 5749: 5719: 5713:978-1603582148 5712: 5687: 5680: 5642: 5623:(2): 121–128. 5603: 5580: 5544: 5482: 5448: 5428: 5370: 5343:(3): 342–356. 5324: 5291:(4): e245960. 5271: 5261: 5235: 5216:(3): 175–184. 5196: 5136: 5115:(4): 416–426. 5074: 5040: 4989: 4923: 4904: 4881: 4825: 4798:(4): 202–207. 4779: 4750:(3): 319–322. 4727: 4696:(4): 357–364. 4657: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4590: 4589: 4585:questionnaires 4572: 4549: 4539: 4526: 4512:(Sweden), and 4441: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4416: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4387: 4381: 4380: 4364: 4361: 4350: 4319:placebo effect 4234:dose-dependent 4210:antidepressant 4191: 4188: 4174:(FDA) granted 4168:mood disorders 4166:, and certain 4134:evaluated the 4121: 4118: 4049: 4046: 4029: 4026: 3985:are listed as 3968: 3962: 3956: 3950: 3944: 3938: 3931: 3923: 3911: 3908: 3906: 3903: 3825: 3818: 3817: 3816: 3805: 3798: 3797: 3796: 3795: 3794: 3772:marker at the 3635: 3634: 3631: 3628:P. liniformans 3623: 3622: 3619: 3611: 3610: 3607: 3599: 3598: 3595: 3587: 3586: 3583: 3575: 3574: 3571: 3563: 3562: 3559: 3556:P. tampanensis 3551: 3550: 3547: 3539: 3538: 3535: 3527: 3526: 3523: 3515: 3514: 3511: 3503: 3502: 3499: 3491: 3490: 3487: 3473: 3470: 3457:derivatization 3455:, followed by 3437:drug screening 3330:chemical tests 3325: 3322: 3243:glucuronidated 3212:mostly in the 3208:Psilocybin is 3195:glucuronidated 3186: 3183: 3138: 3123: 3101: 3090: 3087:dose-dependent 3077: 3070: 3063: 3055: 3048: 3033:, which is an 3014: 3013: 3002: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2984: 2983: 2980: 2973: 2972: 2969: 2962: 2961: 2958: 2954: 2949: 2948: 2945: 2941: 2936: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2914: 2913: 2910: 2899: 2898: 2893: 2888: 2877: 2876: 2873: 2862: 2861: 2852: 2846: 2835: 2834: 2831: 2820: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2807: 2806: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2790: 2786: 2781: 2780: 2777: 2773: 2768: 2767: 2764: 2760: 2755: 2754: 2753:20–>14,000 2751: 2747: 2742: 2741: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2728: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2715: 2712: 2708: 2703: 2702: 2699: 2695: 2690: 2689: 2686: 2682: 2677: 2676: 2673: 2669: 2664: 2663: 2660: 2656: 2651: 2650: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2625: 2624: 2621: 2617: 2612: 2611: 2608: 2604: 2599: 2598: 2595: 2591: 2586: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2573: 2572: 2568: 2565: 2543: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2491: 2490: 2480: 2470: 2464: 2430: 2427: 2417:Albert Hofmann 2413: 2410: 2390:hydroxy groups 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2279: 2276: 2261:Paul R. McHugh 2153:self-awareness 2141:group cohesion 2105: 2102: 2018: 2015: 1960: 1957: 1936:effective dose 1927: 1918: 1909:in mice is 285 1898: 1888:phenethylamine 1875: 1872: 1848:adverse effect 1839: 1836: 1818: 1815: 1806: 1803: 1798:Peter Stafford 1745: 1742: 1718:stretch reflex 1706:blood pressure 1698:pupil dilation 1693: 1690: 1651:hallucinations 1595:counterculture 1586: 1583: 1451:Albert Hofmann 1376: 1373: 1354:John Parkinson 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1122:Albert Hofmann 1096:of modern-day 1090:cave paintings 1063:hallucinations 1007: 1006: 995: 994: 992: 991: 988: 986: 983: 975: 974: 973: 970: 969: 967: 966: 963: 955: 954: 953: 950: 949: 946: 940: 939: 937: 936: 928: 926: 918: 917: 911: 905: 904: 898: 892: 886: 880: 875: 869: 868: 864: 863: 853: 845: 844: 842: 841: 828: 826: 813: 812: 810: 809: 801: 799: 793: 792: 790: 789: 781: 779: 773: 772: 770: 769: 761: 759: 753: 752: 750: 749: 741: 739: 733: 732: 730: 729: 721: 719: 713: 712: 710: 709: 701: 699: 693: 692: 690: 689: 681: 679: 668: 667: 665: 664: 656: 654: 648: 647: 645: 644: 641: 633: 632: 631: 628: 627: 623: 622: 612: 606: 605: 573: 567: 566: 530: 521: 520: 510: 504: 503: 485: 479: 478: 407: 401: 400: 397: 391: 390: 380: 374: 373: 366: 365: 363: 362: 350: 338: 327: 314: 304: 302: 296: 295: 291: 290: 288: 287: 283: 281: 275: 274: 264: 258: 257: 255: 254: 249: 242: 240: 238:administration 232: 231: 228: 220: 219: 216: 208: 207: 159: 155: 154: 76: 72: 71: 67: 66: 63: 55: 54: 51: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 26126: 26115: 26112: 26110: 26107: 26105: 26102: 26100: 26097: 26095: 26092: 26090: 26089:Phenol esters 26087: 26085: 26082: 26080: 26077: 26075: 26072: 26070: 26067: 26066: 26064: 26049: 26046: 26044: 26041: 26039: 26036: 26033: 26029: 26025: 26021: 26018: 26016: 26013: 26011: 26008: 26005: 26001: 25997: 25993: 25989: 25985: 25982: 25980: 25977: 25975: 25972: 25970: 25967: 25965: 25962: 25960: 25957: 25955: 25953: 25948: 25946: 25943: 25941: 25938: 25936: 25933: 25931: 25928: 25926: 25923: 25921: 25918: 25916: 25913: 25911: 25908: 25906: 25903: 25901: 25898: 25896: 25893: 25891: 25888: 25886: 25883: 25881: 25878: 25876: 25873: 25871: 25868: 25866: 25865:2-Azapsilocin 25863: 25862: 25860: 25856: 25849: 25845: 25841: 25837: 25833: 25829: 25825: 25821: 25817: 25814: 25812: 25809: 25807: 25804: 25802: 25799: 25797: 25794: 25792: 25789: 25787: 25784: 25781: 25780:tabernanthine 25777: 25773: 25769: 25765: 25761: 25757: 25755: 25751: 25748: 25744: 25740: 25736: 25732: 25728: 25724: 25720: 25716: 25712: 25708: 25704: 25702: 25698: 25696: 25693: 25690: 25686: 25682: 25679: 25677: 25674: 25672: 25669: 25667: 25664: 25663: 25661: 25659: 25655: 25649: 25646: 25644: 25641: 25639: 25636: 25634: 25631: 25629: 25626: 25624: 25621: 25619: 25616: 25614: 25611: 25610: 25608: 25606: 25602: 25596: 25593: 25591: 25589: 25584: 25582: 25579: 25577: 25574: 25572: 25569: 25567: 25564: 25562: 25559: 25557: 25554: 25552: 25550: 25546: 25541: 25539: 25537: 25533: 25528: 25526: 25524: 25520: 25515: 25513: 25510: 25508: 25505: 25503: 25500: 25498: 25495: 25493: 25490: 25488: 25485: 25483: 25480: 25478: 25475: 25473: 25470: 25468: 25465: 25463: 25460: 25458: 25455: 25453: 25450: 25448: 25445: 25443: 25440: 25438: 25435: 25433: 25430: 25428: 25425: 25423: 25420: 25419: 25417: 25415: 25411: 25405: 25402: 25400: 25397: 25395: 25393: 25389: 25387: 25385: 25381: 25379: 25377: 25373: 25371: 25369: 25364: 25362: 25359: 25357: 25354: 25352: 25349: 25347: 25344: 25342: 25339: 25337: 25334: 25332: 25329: 25327: 25324: 25322: 25319: 25317: 25314: 25313: 25311: 25309: 25307: 25302: 25296: 25293: 25291: 25288: 25286: 25283: 25281: 25278: 25276: 25273: 25271: 25268: 25266: 25263: 25261: 25258: 25256: 25253: 25251: 25248: 25246: 25243: 25241: 25239: 25234: 25232: 25229: 25227: 25224: 25222: 25219: 25217: 25214: 25212: 25209: 25207: 25204: 25202: 25199: 25197: 25195: 25191: 25189: 25186: 25184: 25181: 25179: 25176: 25174: 25171: 25169: 25166: 25164: 25161: 25159: 25156: 25154: 25151: 25149: 25146: 25144: 25141: 25139: 25136: 25134: 25131: 25129: 25126: 25124: 25121: 25119: 25116: 25114: 25111: 25109: 25106: 25104: 25101: 25099: 25096: 25094: 25091: 25089: 25086: 25084: 25081: 25079: 25076: 25074: 25071: 25069: 25066: 25064: 25061: 25059: 25056: 25054: 25051: 25049: 25046: 25044: 25041: 25039: 25036: 25034: 25031: 25029: 25026: 25024: 25021: 25019: 25012: 25010: 25007: 25005: 25002: 25000: 24997: 24995: 24992: 24990: 24987: 24985: 24982: 24980: 24977: 24975: 24972: 24970: 24967: 24965: 24962: 24960: 24957: 24955: 24952: 24950: 24947: 24945: 24942: 24940: 24937: 24935: 24932: 24930: 24927: 24925: 24922: 24920: 24917: 24915: 24912: 24910: 24907: 24905: 24904:5-MeO-T-NBOMe 24902: 24900: 24897: 24895: 24892: 24890: 24887: 24885: 24882: 24880: 24877: 24875: 24872: 24870: 24867: 24865: 24862: 24860: 24857: 24855: 24852: 24850: 24847: 24845: 24842: 24840: 24837: 24835: 24832: 24830: 24828: 24824: 24819: 24817: 24816:5-MeO-34MPEMT 24814: 24812: 24809: 24807: 24804: 24802: 24799: 24797: 24794: 24792: 24789: 24787: 24784: 24782: 24779: 24777: 24774: 24772: 24769: 24767: 24764: 24762: 24759: 24757: 24754: 24752: 24749: 24747: 24744: 24742: 24739: 24737: 24734: 24732: 24729: 24727: 24724: 24722: 24719: 24717: 24714: 24712: 24709: 24707: 24704: 24702: 24699: 24697: 24694: 24692: 24689: 24687: 24684: 24682: 24679: 24677: 24674: 24672: 24669: 24667: 24664: 24662: 24659: 24657: 24654: 24652: 24649: 24647: 24644: 24642: 24639: 24637: 24634: 24632: 24629: 24627: 24624: 24622: 24621:4-F-5-MeO-DMT 24619: 24617: 24614: 24612: 24609: 24607: 24604: 24602: 24599: 24597: 24594: 24592: 24589: 24587: 24584: 24582: 24579: 24577: 24574: 24572: 24569: 24567: 24565: 24561: 24556: 24554: 24553:2-Methyl-5-HT 24551: 24549: 24546: 24544: 24541: 24539: 24536: 24535: 24533: 24531: 24527: 24523: 24516: 24511: 24509: 24504: 24502: 24497: 24496: 24493: 24480: 24479: 24474: 24471: 24470: 24465: 24462: 24461: 24457: 24452: 24449: 24448: 24447:Melatonergics 24443: 24440: 24439: 24438:Dopaminergics 24434: 24431: 24430: 24425: 24422: 24421: 24418: 24413: 24412: 24409: 24394: 24390: 24387: 24384: 24380: 24376: 24373: 24370: 24369: 24366: 24360: 24357: 24354: 24350: 24346: 24342: 24338: 24334: 24330: 24327: 24324: 24320: 24316: 24315:amitriptyline 24312: 24309: 24306: 24302: 24298: 24294: 24290: 24287: 24285: 24282: 24280: 24277: 24275: 24272: 24270: 24267: 24265: 24262: 24260: 24257: 24255: 24252: 24250: 24247: 24245: 24242: 24240: 24237: 24235: 24232: 24230: 24227: 24225: 24222: 24220: 24217: 24215: 24212: 24209: 24205: 24201: 24197: 24193: 24189: 24185: 24181: 24177: 24173: 24172:bromocriptine 24169: 24165: 24161: 24158: 24156: 24153: 24151: 24148: 24146: 24143: 24140: 24136: 24132: 24128: 24124: 24120: 24116: 24112: 24108: 24104: 24103:brexpiprazole 24100: 24096: 24092: 24088: 24085: 24082: 24081: 24078: 24071: 24067: 24063: 24059: 24055: 24052: 24049: 24045: 24042: 24040: 24037: 24035: 24032: 24030: 24027: 24025: 24022: 24020: 24017: 24015: 24012: 24009: 24005: 24002: 24000: 23997: 23995: 23992: 23990: 23987: 23985: 23982: 23979: 23978: 23975: 23972: 23970: 23963: 23952: 23948: 23945: 23942: 23938: 23934: 23933:bromocriptine 23930: 23926: 23923: 23920: 23919: 23916: 23909: 23905: 23901: 23898: 23895: 23894:nortriptyline 23891: 23887: 23883: 23882:amitriptyline 23879: 23876: 23873: 23869: 23865: 23862: 23860: 23857: 23855: 23852: 23850: 23847: 23845: 23842: 23840: 23837: 23835: 23832: 23830: 23827: 23825: 23822: 23820: 23817: 23815: 23812: 23810: 23807: 23805: 23802: 23800: 23797: 23795: 23792: 23790: 23787: 23785: 23782: 23780: 23777: 23775: 23772: 23770: 23767: 23765: 23762: 23760: 23757: 23755: 23752: 23750: 23747: 23745: 23742: 23740: 23737: 23735: 23732: 23729: 23725: 23721: 23717: 23713: 23709: 23705: 23701: 23697: 23694: 23692: 23689: 23686: 23685: 23682: 23676: 23673: 23671: 23668: 23665: 23661: 23657: 23653: 23649: 23645: 23641: 23637: 23633: 23629: 23625: 23621: 23617: 23613: 23610: 23608: 23605: 23603: 23600: 23597: 23593: 23589: 23585: 23581: 23577: 23573: 23569: 23565: 23562: 23559: 23558: 23555: 23552: 23550: 23543: 23532: 23528: 23525: 23522: 23518: 23514: 23511: 23508: 23507: 23504: 23501: 23499: 23496: 23494: 23491: 23489: 23486: 23484: 23481: 23478: 23477: 23474: 23468: 23465: 23462: 23458: 23455: 23453: 23450: 23447: 23443: 23439: 23435: 23432: 23429: 23428: 23425: 23422: 23420: 23413: 23403: 23400: 23398: 23395: 23393: 23390: 23388: 23385: 23383: 23380: 23378: 23375: 23373: 23370: 23368: 23365: 23362: 23361: 23358: 23352: 23349: 23347: 23344: 23342: 23339: 23337: 23334: 23332: 23329: 23327: 23324: 23322: 23319: 23317: 23314: 23312: 23309: 23307: 23304: 23302: 23299: 23297: 23294: 23292: 23289: 23287: 23284: 23282: 23279: 23277: 23274: 23272: 23269: 23267: 23264: 23262: 23259: 23257: 23254: 23251: 23250: 23247: 23244: 23242: 23235: 23224: 23220: 23217: 23215: 23212: 23209: 23208: 23205: 23199: 23196: 23194: 23191: 23189: 23186: 23183: 23179: 23175: 23174:nitrous oxide 23171: 23168: 23165: 23161: 23158: 23156: 23153: 23151: 23148: 23146: 23143: 23140: 23136: 23132: 23128: 23125: 23123: 23122:Tedatioxetine 23120: 23118: 23115: 23113: 23110: 23108: 23105: 23103: 23100: 23098: 23095: 23093: 23090: 23088: 23085: 23083: 23080: 23078: 23075: 23073: 23072:Galanolactone 23070: 23068: 23065: 23063: 23060: 23058: 23055: 23053: 23050: 23048: 23045: 23043: 23040: 23038: 23035: 23033: 23030: 23027: 23023: 23019: 23015: 23012: 23010: 23007: 23005: 23002: 23000: 22997: 22995: 22992: 22989: 22988: 22985: 22979: 22976: 22973: 22969: 22965: 22961: 22957: 22954: 22951: 22947: 22943: 22939: 22936: 22934: 22931: 22929: 22926: 22924: 22921: 22919: 22916: 22913: 22909: 22905: 22901: 22898: 22896: 22893: 22891: 22888: 22885: 22881: 22877: 22873: 22870: 22867: 22866: 22863: 22860: 22858: 22851: 22848: 22845: 22840: 22833: 22818: 22814: 22810: 22807: 22805: 22802: 22799: 22798: 22795: 22789: 22786: 22783: 22779: 22775: 22771: 22767: 22763: 22760: 22757: 22756:nortriptyline 22753: 22752:amitriptyline 22749: 22746: 22744: 22741: 22739: 22736: 22734: 22731: 22728: 22724: 22720: 22716: 22715:esmirtazapine 22712: 22708: 22704: 22701: 22699: 22698:Tedatioxetine 22696: 22694: 22691: 22689: 22686: 22684: 22681: 22679: 22676: 22674: 22671: 22669: 22666: 22664: 22661: 22659: 22656: 22654: 22651: 22649: 22646: 22644: 22641: 22639: 22636: 22634: 22631: 22629: 22626: 22624: 22621: 22619: 22616: 22614: 22611: 22609: 22606: 22604: 22601: 22599: 22596: 22594: 22591: 22589: 22586: 22584: 22581: 22578: 22574: 22570: 22566: 22562: 22558: 22554: 22553:bromocriptine 22550: 22546: 22543: 22541: 22538: 22536: 22533: 22531: 22530:Desmetramadol 22528: 22526: 22523: 22521: 22518: 22516: 22513: 22511: 22508: 22506: 22503: 22500: 22496: 22492: 22488: 22484: 22480: 22476: 22472: 22468: 22464: 22460: 22456: 22452: 22448: 22445: 22443: 22440: 22438: 22435: 22432: 22431: 22428: 22422: 22419: 22417: 22414: 22412: 22409: 22407: 22404: 22401: 22397: 22393: 22389: 22385: 22381: 22377: 22373: 22369: 22365: 22361: 22358: 22356: 22353: 22351: 22348: 22346: 22343: 22341: 22338: 22336: 22333: 22330: 22326: 22322: 22318: 22314: 22310: 22307: 22304: 22300: 22296: 22293: 22291: 22288: 22286: 22283: 22281: 22278: 22276: 22273: 22271: 22268: 22265: 22261: 22257: 22253: 22249: 22246: 22244: 22241: 22239: 22236: 22233: 22229: 22225: 22221: 22217: 22213: 22209: 22205: 22201: 22197: 22193: 22189: 22185: 22181: 22178: 22175: 22171: 22167: 22163: 22159: 22156: 22154: 22151: 22149: 22146: 22144: 22141: 22139: 22136: 22134: 22131: 22128: 22124: 22120: 22116: 22112: 22108: 22104: 22100: 22097: 22094: 22090: 22086: 22082: 22078: 22074: 22071: 22068: 22064: 22060: 22056: 22052: 22048: 22044: 22041: 22038: 22037: 22034: 22031: 22029: 22022: 22011: 22007: 22004: 22001: 22000: 21997: 21991: 21988: 21986: 21983: 21980: 21976: 21973: 21971: 21968: 21965: 21961: 21957: 21953: 21950: 21948: 21945: 21943: 21940: 21938: 21935: 21933: 21930: 21928: 21925: 21923: 21920: 21918: 21915: 21913: 21910: 21908: 21905: 21903: 21900: 21898: 21895: 21893: 21890: 21888: 21885: 21883: 21880: 21878: 21875: 21873: 21870: 21868: 21865: 21863: 21860: 21858: 21855: 21853: 21850: 21848: 21845: 21842: 21838: 21834: 21830: 21826: 21825:bromocriptine 21822: 21818: 21815: 21813: 21810: 21808: 21805: 21802: 21798: 21794: 21790: 21786: 21782: 21778: 21774: 21770: 21766: 21765:brexpiprazole 21762: 21758: 21754: 21750: 21747: 21745: 21742: 21739: 21738: 21735: 21728: 21724: 21720: 21716: 21712: 21708: 21704: 21700: 21696: 21692: 21688: 21684: 21680: 21677: 21675: 21672: 21670: 21667: 21665: 21662: 21659: 21655: 21652: 21649: 21645: 21641: 21637: 21633: 21630: 21628: 21625: 21622: 21618: 21614: 21610: 21606: 21602: 21598: 21594: 21591: 21588: 21584: 21580: 21576: 21572: 21569: 21567: 21564: 21561: 21557: 21553: 21549: 21545: 21541: 21537: 21534: 21532: 21529: 21527: 21524: 21521: 21520: 21517: 21514: 21512: 21505: 21494: 21490: 21486: 21483: 21480: 21479: 21476: 21470: 21467: 21465: 21462: 21460: 21457: 21454: 21450: 21446: 21442: 21438: 21434: 21430: 21426: 21422: 21418: 21414: 21410: 21406: 21402: 21398: 21395: 21392: 21391:amitriptyline 21388: 21385: 21382: 21378: 21374: 21370: 21369:esmirtazapine 21366: 21362: 21358: 21355: 21353: 21350: 21348: 21345: 21343: 21340: 21338: 21335: 21332: 21328: 21327:triazoledione 21324: 21320: 21316: 21312: 21308: 21304: 21301: 21299: 21296: 21294: 21291: 21289: 21286: 21284: 21281: 21279: 21276: 21274: 21271: 21269: 21266: 21264: 21261: 21259: 21256: 21254: 21251: 21249: 21246: 21244: 21241: 21239: 21236: 21234: 21231: 21229: 21228:Naftidrofuryl 21226: 21224: 21221: 21219: 21216: 21214: 21211: 21209: 21206: 21204: 21201: 21199: 21196: 21194: 21191: 21189: 21186: 21184: 21181: 21179: 21176: 21174: 21171: 21169: 21166: 21163: 21159: 21155: 21151: 21147: 21143: 21139: 21135: 21132: 21130: 21127: 21125: 21122: 21120: 21117: 21115: 21112: 21110: 21107: 21105: 21102: 21099: 21095: 21091: 21087: 21083: 21079: 21075: 21071: 21067: 21063: 21059: 21055: 21051: 21047: 21043: 21039: 21035: 21031: 21027: 21023: 21022:brexpiprazole 21019: 21015: 21011: 21007: 21003: 21000: 20998: 20995: 20992: 20988: 20984: 20980: 20976: 20973: 20971: 20968: 20966: 20963: 20961: 20958: 20956: 20953: 20951: 20948: 20945: 20944: 20941: 20934: 20930: 20926: 20922: 20918: 20914: 20910: 20906: 20902: 20898: 20894: 20891: 20889: 20886: 20884: 20881: 20879: 20876: 20873: 20869: 20865: 20861: 20858: 20855: 20851: 20847: 20844: 20842: 20839: 20837: 20834: 20832: 20829: 20827: 20824: 20822: 20819: 20817: 20814: 20812: 20809: 20806: 20802: 20798: 20794: 20790: 20787: 20785: 20782: 20780: 20777: 20775: 20772: 20770: 20767: 20764: 20760: 20756: 20752: 20748: 20744: 20740: 20736: 20732: 20728: 20724: 20720: 20716: 20712: 20711:bromocriptine 20708: 20704: 20700: 20697: 20695: 20692: 20689: 20685: 20681: 20677: 20673: 20670: 20668: 20665: 20663: 20660: 20658: 20655: 20653: 20650: 20648: 20645: 20642: 20638: 20634: 20630: 20626: 20622: 20618: 20614: 20611: 20608: 20604: 20600: 20596: 20592: 20588: 20585: 20583: 20580: 20578: 20575: 20572: 20568: 20564: 20560: 20556: 20552: 20548: 20545: 20542: 20538: 20534: 20530: 20526: 20522: 20518: 20514: 20510: 20506: 20502: 20499: 20498: 20495: 20492: 20490: 20483: 20480: 20478: 20471: 20457: 20454: 20452: 20449: 20446: 20445: 20442: 20435: 20431: 20428: 20425: 20421: 20417: 20413: 20410: 20408: 20405: 20403: 20400: 20398: 20395: 20392: 20389: 20385: 20381: 20380:bromocriptine 20377: 20374: 20372: 20369: 20367: 20364: 20361: 20360: 20357: 20354: 20352: 20345: 20335: 20331: 20327: 20323: 20320: 20317: 20316: 20313: 20307: 20304: 20301: 20300: 20297: 20290: 20286: 20283: 20280: 20276: 20273: 20271: 20268: 20265: 20261: 20258: 20256: 20253: 20250: 20249: 20246: 20243: 20241: 20234: 20223: 20219: 20215: 20211: 20208: 20206: 20203: 20200: 20199: 20196: 20190: 20187: 20185: 20182: 20180: 20177: 20175: 20172: 20170: 20167: 20165: 20162: 20160: 20157: 20155: 20152: 20150: 20147: 20145: 20142: 20140: 20137: 20135: 20132: 20129: 20125: 20122: 20120: 20117: 20115: 20112: 20110: 20107: 20104: 20103: 20100: 20093: 20089: 20085: 20081: 20077: 20073: 20069: 20066: 20063: 20059: 20055: 20051: 20047: 20043: 20039: 20035: 20031: 20027: 20024: 20022: 20019: 20017: 20014: 20012: 20009: 20007: 20004: 20002: 19999: 19997: 19994: 19992: 19989: 19987: 19984: 19981: 19977: 19973: 19969: 19965: 19961: 19960:bromocriptine 19957: 19954: 19952: 19949: 19947: 19944: 19942: 19939: 19936: 19935: 19932: 19929: 19927: 19920: 19909: 19905: 19901: 19897: 19894: 19891: 19890: 19887: 19881: 19878: 19876: 19873: 19871: 19868: 19866: 19863: 19861: 19858: 19856: 19853: 19851: 19848: 19846: 19843: 19840: 19836: 19833: 19831: 19828: 19825: 19821: 19817: 19813: 19809: 19805: 19801: 19797: 19796:Beta blockers 19794: 19792: 19789: 19786: 19785: 19782: 19776: 19773: 19770: 19766: 19762: 19758: 19754: 19751: 19749: 19746: 19743: 19739: 19735: 19731: 19727: 19723: 19720: 19718: 19715: 19713: 19710: 19708: 19705: 19702: 19698: 19694: 19690: 19686: 19682: 19681:bromocriptine 19678: 19675: 19673: 19670: 19668: 19665: 19663: 19660: 19658: 19655: 19653: 19650: 19648: 19645: 19643: 19640: 19637: 19636: 19633: 19630: 19628: 19621: 19610: 19606: 19603: 19601: 19598: 19596: 19593: 19590: 19589: 19586: 19580: 19577: 19575: 19572: 19570: 19567: 19565: 19562: 19560: 19557: 19555: 19552: 19550: 19547: 19545: 19542: 19540: 19537: 19535: 19532: 19530: 19527: 19525: 19522: 19520: 19517: 19515: 19512: 19510: 19507: 19505: 19502: 19500: 19497: 19495: 19492: 19490: 19487: 19485: 19482: 19480: 19477: 19474: 19470: 19467: 19465: 19462: 19460: 19457: 19455: 19452: 19449: 19445: 19441: 19437: 19433: 19429: 19425: 19421: 19417: 19416:cyanopindolol 19413: 19409: 19405: 19404:Beta blockers 19402: 19400: 19397: 19394: 19390: 19386: 19382: 19379: 19376: 19375: 19372: 19366: 19363: 19361: 19358: 19356: 19353: 19351: 19348: 19346: 19343: 19341: 19338: 19335: 19331: 19327: 19323: 19319: 19315: 19311: 19307: 19303: 19299: 19296: 19294: 19291: 19289: 19286: 19284: 19281: 19279: 19276: 19274: 19271: 19269: 19266: 19264: 19261: 19259: 19256: 19254: 19251: 19249: 19246: 19244: 19241: 19239: 19236: 19234: 19231: 19229: 19226: 19224: 19221: 19219: 19216: 19214: 19211: 19209: 19206: 19204: 19201: 19199: 19196: 19194: 19191: 19189: 19186: 19184: 19181: 19179: 19176: 19174: 19171: 19169: 19166: 19164: 19161: 19159: 19156: 19154: 19151: 19149: 19146: 19144: 19141: 19139: 19136: 19133: 19129: 19125: 19121: 19117: 19113: 19109: 19105: 19101: 19100:bromocriptine 19097: 19094: 19092: 19089: 19087: 19084: 19082: 19079: 19077: 19074: 19072: 19069: 19067: 19064: 19062: 19059: 19057: 19054: 19052: 19049: 19046: 19042: 19038: 19034: 19030: 19026: 19023: 19020: 19016: 19012: 19008: 19004: 19000: 18999:brexpiprazole 18996: 18992: 18988: 18985: 18982: 18978: 18974: 18973:triazoledione 18970: 18966: 18962: 18958: 18954: 18951: 18949: 18946: 18944: 18941: 18939: 18936: 18933: 18932: 18929: 18926: 18924: 18917: 18914: 18912: 18905: 18901: 18898: 18891: 18886: 18884: 18879: 18877: 18872: 18871: 18868: 18852: 18849: 18847: 18846:Prenoxdiazine 18844: 18842: 18839: 18837: 18834: 18832: 18829: 18828: 18826: 18822: 18816: 18813: 18811: 18808: 18806: 18803: 18802: 18800: 18798: 18794: 18788: 18785: 18783: 18780: 18778: 18775: 18773: 18770: 18768: 18765: 18763: 18760: 18758: 18755: 18753: 18750: 18748: 18745: 18743: 18740: 18738: 18735: 18733: 18730: 18728: 18725: 18723: 18720: 18718: 18715: 18713: 18710: 18708: 18705: 18703: 18700: 18698: 18695: 18693: 18690: 18688: 18685: 18683: 18680: 18678: 18675: 18673: 18670: 18668: 18665: 18663: 18660: 18658: 18655: 18653: 18650: 18648: 18647:Diprenorphine 18645: 18643: 18642:Cyprenorphine 18640: 18638: 18635: 18633: 18630: 18628: 18625: 18623: 18620: 18618: 18615: 18613: 18610: 18608: 18605: 18604: 18602: 18600: 18597: 18593: 18585: 18582: 18580: 18577: 18576: 18575: 18572: 18568: 18565: 18563: 18562:Diethyl ether 18560: 18559: 18558: 18555: 18551: 18548: 18547: 18546: 18543: 18539: 18536: 18534: 18531: 18529: 18526: 18524: 18521: 18520: 18519: 18516: 18515: 18513: 18509: 18503: 18499: 18493: 18490: 18488: 18485: 18483: 18480: 18477: 18476: 18471: 18468: 18466: 18465:Ibotenic acid 18463: 18461: 18458: 18456: 18453: 18452: 18450: 18446: 18439: 18431: 18427: 18423: 18419: 18415: 18411: 18407: 18403: 18393: 18390: 18388: 18385: 18383: 18380: 18378: 18375: 18373: 18370: 18368: 18365: 18363: 18360: 18358: 18355: 18353: 18350: 18348: 18345: 18343: 18340: 18338: 18335: 18333: 18332:Bromocriptine 18330: 18328: 18325: 18323: 18320: 18319: 18317: 18315: 18312: 18305: 18291: 18288: 18286: 18283: 18281: 18278: 18276: 18273: 18271: 18268: 18266: 18263: 18261: 18260:THC-O-acetate 18258: 18256: 18253: 18251: 18248: 18246: 18243: 18241: 18238: 18236: 18233: 18231: 18228: 18226: 18223: 18221: 18218: 18216: 18213: 18211: 18208: 18206: 18203: 18201: 18198: 18196: 18193: 18191: 18188: 18186: 18183: 18181: 18178: 18176: 18173: 18171: 18168: 18166: 18163: 18161: 18158: 18156: 18153: 18151: 18148: 18146: 18143: 18141: 18138: 18136: 18133: 18131: 18130:MDMB-FUBINACA 18128: 18126: 18125:MDMB-CHMINACA 18123: 18121: 18118: 18116: 18115:Levonantradol 18113: 18111: 18108: 18106: 18103: 18101: 18098: 18096: 18093: 18091: 18088: 18086: 18083: 18081: 18078: 18076: 18073: 18071: 18068: 18066: 18063: 18061: 18058: 18056: 18053: 18051: 18048: 18046: 18043: 18041: 18038: 18036: 18033: 18031: 18028: 18026: 18023: 18021: 18018: 18016: 18013: 18011: 18008: 18006: 18003: 18001: 17998: 17996: 17993: 17991: 17988: 17986: 17983: 17981: 17978: 17976: 17973: 17971: 17968: 17966: 17963: 17961: 17958: 17956: 17953: 17951: 17948: 17946: 17943: 17941: 17938: 17936: 17933: 17931: 17928: 17926: 17923: 17921: 17918: 17916: 17913: 17911: 17910:5F-ADB-PINACA 17908: 17906: 17903: 17901: 17898: 17896: 17895:5F-AB-FUPPYCA 17893: 17891: 17888: 17887: 17885: 17883: 17879: 17873: 17870: 17868: 17865: 17863: 17860: 17858: 17855: 17853: 17850: 17848: 17845: 17843: 17840: 17838: 17835: 17833: 17830: 17828: 17825: 17823: 17820: 17818: 17815: 17813: 17810: 17808: 17805: 17803: 17800: 17798: 17795: 17793: 17790: 17788: 17785: 17783: 17780: 17778: 17775: 17773: 17770: 17768: 17765: 17763: 17760: 17758: 17755: 17753: 17750: 17748: 17745: 17743: 17740: 17738: 17735: 17733: 17730: 17728: 17725: 17723: 17720: 17718: 17715: 17713: 17710: 17708: 17705: 17703: 17700: 17698: 17695: 17693: 17690: 17688: 17685: 17683: 17680: 17678: 17675: 17673: 17670: 17668: 17665: 17663: 17660: 17658: 17655: 17653: 17650: 17648: 17645: 17643: 17640: 17638: 17635: 17633: 17630: 17628: 17625: 17623: 17620: 17618: 17615: 17613: 17610: 17608: 17605: 17603: 17600: 17598: 17595: 17593: 17590: 17588: 17585: 17583: 17580: 17578: 17575: 17573: 17570: 17568: 17565: 17563: 17560: 17559: 17557: 17555: 17554: 17548: 17542: 17539: 17537: 17534: 17532: 17529: 17527: 17524: 17522: 17519: 17517: 17514: 17512: 17509: 17507: 17504: 17502: 17499: 17498: 17496: 17494: 17493: 17487: 17481: 17480:(-)-CP 55,940 17478: 17476: 17475:(+)-CP 55,940 17473: 17471: 17470:(±)-CP 55,940 17468: 17466: 17463: 17461: 17458: 17456: 17453: 17452: 17450: 17448: 17447: 17441: 17435: 17432: 17430: 17427: 17425: 17422: 17420: 17417: 17415: 17412: 17410: 17407: 17405: 17402: 17400: 17397: 17395: 17392: 17390: 17387: 17385: 17382: 17380: 17377: 17375: 17372: 17370: 17367: 17365: 17362: 17360: 17357: 17355: 17352: 17350: 17347: 17345: 17342: 17340: 17337: 17335: 17332: 17330: 17327: 17325: 17322: 17320: 17317: 17315: 17312: 17310: 17307: 17305: 17302: 17300: 17297: 17295: 17292: 17290: 17287: 17285: 17282: 17280: 17277: 17275: 17272: 17270: 17267: 17265: 17262: 17260: 17257: 17255: 17252: 17250: 17247: 17245: 17242: 17240: 17237: 17235: 17232: 17230: 17227: 17225: 17222: 17220: 17217: 17215: 17212: 17211: 17209: 17207: 17206: 17200: 17197: 17195: 17191: 17185: 17182: 17180: 17177: 17175: 17172: 17171: 17169: 17167: 17163: 17160: 17156: 17147: 17143: 17140: 17136: 17130: 17127: 17125: 17122: 17120: 17117: 17115: 17112: 17110: 17107: 17105: 17102: 17100: 17097: 17095: 17092: 17090: 17087: 17085: 17082: 17080: 17077: 17075: 17072: 17070: 17067: 17065: 17062: 17060: 17057: 17055: 17052: 17050: 17047: 17045: 17042: 17040: 17037: 17035: 17032: 17030: 17027: 17025: 17022: 17020: 17017: 17015: 17012: 17010: 17007: 17005: 17002: 17000: 16999:Dicycloverine 16997: 16995: 16992: 16990: 16987: 16985: 16982: 16980: 16977: 16975: 16972: 16970: 16967: 16965: 16962: 16960: 16957: 16955: 16952: 16950: 16947: 16945: 16942: 16940: 16937: 16935: 16932: 16930: 16927: 16925: 16922: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16912: 16910: 16907: 16905: 16902: 16900: 16897: 16895: 16892: 16891: 16889: 16885: 16881: 16875: 16871: 16861: 16858: 16856: 16853: 16851: 16848: 16846: 16843: 16841: 16838: 16836: 16833: 16831: 16830:Nitrous oxide 16828: 16826: 16823: 16821: 16818: 16816: 16813: 16811: 16808: 16806: 16803: 16801: 16798: 16796: 16793: 16791: 16788: 16786: 16783: 16781: 16778: 16776: 16773: 16771: 16768: 16766: 16763: 16761: 16758: 16757: 16755: 16751: 16745: 16742: 16740: 16737: 16735: 16732: 16730: 16727: 16725: 16722: 16721: 16719: 16717: 16713: 16707: 16704: 16702: 16701:Fluorolintane 16699: 16697: 16694: 16692: 16689: 16688: 16686: 16682: 16676: 16673: 16671: 16668: 16666: 16663: 16662: 16660: 16658: 16654: 16644: 16641: 16639: 16636: 16634: 16631: 16630: 16628: 16624: 16617: 16616:Tenocyclidine 16614: 16611: 16610:Rolicyclidine 16608: 16605: 16604:Phencyclidine 16602: 16600: 16597: 16594: 16591: 16588: 16585: 16583: 16580: 16578: 16575: 16573: 16570: 16568: 16565: 16563: 16560: 16558: 16555: 16553: 16550: 16548: 16545: 16543: 16540: 16538: 16535: 16534: 16532: 16528: 16522: 16519: 16517: 16514: 16512: 16509: 16507: 16504: 16502: 16499: 16497: 16496:Methoxetamine 16494: 16492: 16489: 16486: 16483: 16480: 16477: 16475: 16472: 16469: 16466: 16464: 16461: 16460: 16458: 16454: 16451: 16449: 16443: 16440: 16436: 16432: 16426: 16425:Dissociatives 16422: 16410: 16406: 16402: 16398: 16394: 16388: 16385: 16383: 16380: 16378: 16375: 16373: 16370: 16368: 16365: 16363: 16360: 16358: 16355: 16353: 16350: 16349: 16347: 16343: 16333: 16330: 16328: 16325: 16323: 16320: 16318: 16315: 16313: 16310: 16308: 16305: 16303: 16300: 16298: 16295: 16293: 16290: 16288: 16285: 16283: 16280: 16278: 16275: 16273: 16270: 16268: 16265: 16263: 16260: 16258: 16255: 16254: 16252: 16248: 16242: 16239: 16237: 16234: 16232: 16229: 16227: 16224: 16222: 16219: 16218: 16216: 16210: 16206: 16200: 16197: 16195: 16192: 16190: 16187: 16185: 16182: 16181: 16179: 16173: 16169: 16163: 16160: 16158: 16157:Tabernanthine 16155: 16153: 16150: 16148: 16145: 16143: 16140: 16138: 16135: 16133: 16130: 16128: 16125: 16123: 16120: 16119: 16117: 16113: 16107: 16104: 16102: 16099: 16097: 16094: 16092: 16089: 16088: 16086: 16080: 16076: 16070: 16067: 16065: 16062: 16060: 16059:Norbaeocystin 16057: 16055: 16052: 16050: 16047: 16045: 16042: 16040: 16037: 16035: 16033: 16029: 16024: 16022: 16019: 16017: 16014: 16012: 16010: 16006: 16001: 15999: 15997: 15993: 15988: 15986: 15983: 15981: 15978: 15976: 15973: 15971: 15968: 15966: 15963: 15961: 15958: 15956: 15953: 15951: 15948: 15946: 15943: 15942: 15940: 15934: 15930: 15924: 15921: 15919: 15916: 15914: 15911: 15909: 15906: 15905: 15903: 15897: 15893: 15887: 15884: 15882: 15879: 15877: 15874: 15872: 15869: 15867: 15864: 15863: 15861: 15855: 15851: 15845: 15842: 15840: 15837: 15835: 15832: 15830: 15827: 15826: 15824: 15818: 15814: 15808: 15805: 15803: 15800: 15798: 15795: 15793: 15790: 15788: 15785: 15784: 15782: 15780: 15778: 15773: 15770: 15768: 15764: 15758: 15755: 15753: 15750: 15748: 15745: 15744: 15742: 15740: 15736: 15726: 15723: 15721: 15718: 15716: 15713: 15711: 15708: 15706: 15703: 15701: 15698: 15696: 15693: 15691: 15688: 15686: 15683: 15681: 15678: 15676: 15673: 15671: 15668: 15666: 15663: 15661: 15658: 15656: 15653: 15651: 15648: 15646: 15643: 15641: 15638: 15636: 15633: 15631: 15628: 15626: 15625:2CB-5-hemifly 15623: 15621: 15618: 15616: 15613: 15611: 15608: 15606: 15603: 15602: 15600: 15596: 15589: 15586: 15583: 15580: 15577: 15574: 15573: 15571: 15569: 15565: 15559: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15546: 15544: 15541: 15539: 15536: 15534: 15531: 15529: 15526: 15524: 15521: 15519: 15518:Isoproscaline 15516: 15514: 15511: 15509: 15506: 15504: 15501: 15499: 15496: 15494: 15491: 15489: 15486: 15484: 15481: 15479: 15478:Asymbescaline 15476: 15474: 15473:Allylescaline 15471: 15469: 15466: 15464: 15461: 15459: 15456: 15454: 15451: 15449: 15446: 15445: 15443: 15439: 15433: 15430: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15420: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15408: 15405: 15403: 15400: 15398: 15395: 15393: 15390: 15388: 15385: 15383: 15380: 15379: 15377: 15375: 15372: 15368: 15362: 15359: 15357: 15354: 15352: 15349: 15348: 15346: 15344: 15339: 15333: 15330: 15328: 15325: 15323: 15320: 15318: 15315: 15313: 15310: 15308: 15305: 15303: 15300: 15298: 15295: 15293: 15290: 15288: 15285: 15283: 15280: 15278: 15275: 15273: 15270: 15269: 15267: 15265: 15264: 15258: 15252: 15249: 15247: 15244: 15242: 15239: 15237: 15234: 15232: 15229: 15227: 15224: 15222: 15219: 15217: 15214: 15213: 15211: 15209: 15204: 15198: 15195: 15193: 15190: 15188: 15185: 15183: 15180: 15178: 15175: 15173: 15170: 15169: 15167: 15165: 15160: 15150: 15147: 15145: 15142: 15140: 15137: 15135: 15132: 15130: 15127: 15125: 15122: 15120: 15117: 15115: 15112: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15095: 15092: 15090: 15087: 15085: 15082: 15080: 15077: 15076: 15074: 15072: 15068: 15062: 15059: 15057: 15054: 15052: 15049: 15047: 15044: 15042: 15039: 15037: 15034: 15032: 15029: 15027: 15024: 15022: 15019: 15017: 15014: 15012: 15009: 15007: 15004: 15003: 15001: 14999: 14995: 14990: 14980: 14977: 14975: 14972: 14970: 14967: 14965: 14962: 14960: 14957: 14955: 14952: 14950: 14947: 14945: 14942: 14940: 14937: 14935: 14932: 14930: 14927: 14925: 14922: 14920: 14917: 14915: 14912: 14910: 14907: 14905: 14902: 14900: 14897: 14895: 14892: 14890: 14887: 14885: 14882: 14880: 14877: 14875: 14872: 14870: 14867: 14865: 14862: 14860: 14857: 14855: 14852: 14850: 14847: 14845: 14842: 14840: 14837: 14836: 14834: 14830: 14824: 14821: 14819: 14816: 14814: 14811: 14809: 14806: 14804: 14801: 14799: 14796: 14794: 14791: 14789: 14786: 14784: 14781: 14779: 14776: 14774: 14771: 14769: 14766: 14764: 14761: 14759: 14756: 14754: 14751: 14749: 14746: 14744: 14741: 14740: 14738: 14732: 14727: 14721: 14718: 14716: 14713: 14711: 14708: 14706: 14703: 14701: 14698: 14696: 14693: 14691: 14688: 14686: 14683: 14681: 14678: 14676: 14673: 14671: 14668: 14666: 14663: 14662: 14660: 14654: 14649: 14643: 14640: 14638: 14635: 14633: 14630: 14628: 14625: 14623: 14620: 14618: 14615: 14613: 14610: 14608: 14605: 14603: 14600: 14598: 14595: 14593: 14590: 14589: 14587: 14581: 14576: 14570: 14567: 14565: 14562: 14560: 14557: 14555: 14552: 14550: 14547: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14521: 14519: 14513: 14508: 14502: 14499: 14497: 14494: 14492: 14489: 14487: 14484: 14482: 14479: 14477: 14474: 14472: 14469: 14467: 14464: 14462: 14459: 14457: 14454: 14452: 14449: 14447: 14444: 14443: 14441: 14435: 14430: 14424: 14421: 14419: 14416: 14414: 14411: 14409: 14406: 14404: 14401: 14399: 14396: 14394: 14391: 14389: 14386: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14374: 14371: 14369: 14366: 14365: 14363: 14357: 14352: 14346: 14343: 14341: 14338: 14337: 14335: 14329: 14324: 14321: 14319: 14318: 14314: 14308: 14302: 14299: 14297: 14294: 14292: 14289: 14287: 14284: 14282: 14279: 14277: 14274: 14272: 14269: 14267: 14264: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14247: 14244: 14242: 14239: 14237: 14234: 14232: 14229: 14227: 14224: 14222: 14219: 14217: 14214: 14212: 14209: 14207: 14204: 14202: 14199: 14197: 14194: 14192: 14189: 14187: 14184: 14182: 14179: 14177: 14174: 14172: 14169: 14167: 14164: 14162: 14159: 14157: 14154: 14152: 14149: 14147: 14144: 14142: 14139: 14137: 14134: 14132: 14129: 14127: 14124: 14122: 14119: 14117: 14114: 14112: 14109: 14107: 14104: 14102: 14099: 14097: 14094: 14092: 14089: 14087: 14084: 14082: 14079: 14077: 14074: 14072: 14069: 14067: 14064: 14062: 14059: 14057: 14054: 14052: 14049: 14047: 14044: 14042: 14039: 14037: 14034: 14032: 14029: 14027: 14024: 14022: 14019: 14017: 14014: 14012: 14009: 14007: 14004: 14002: 13999: 13997: 13994: 13992: 13989: 13987: 13984: 13982: 13979: 13978: 13976: 13974: 13973: 13967: 13964: 13962: 13956: 13950: 13947: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13937: 13935: 13932: 13930: 13927: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13910: 13907: 13905: 13902: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13892: 13890: 13887: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13857: 13855: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13837: 13835: 13832: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13787: 13786: 13784: 13782: 13776: 13770: 13767: 13765: 13762: 13760: 13757: 13755: 13752: 13750: 13747: 13745: 13742: 13740: 13737: 13735: 13732: 13731: 13729: 13727: 13723: 13720: 13715: 13706: 13702: 13698: 13697:Hallucinogens 13691: 13686: 13684: 13679: 13677: 13672: 13671: 13668: 13662: 13659: 13656: 13653: 13652: 13639: 13635: 13630: 13625: 13621: 13617: 13613: 13609: 13605: 13598: 13596: 13587: 13583: 13579: 13575: 13571: 13567: 13560: 13558: 13549: 13545: 13541: 13537: 13533: 13529: 13522: 13506: 13502: 13496: 13488: 13484: 13480: 13476: 13472: 13468: 13461: 13453: 13449: 13444: 13439: 13435: 13431: 13427: 13423: 13419: 13412: 13404: 13400: 13396: 13392: 13388: 13384: 13376: 13368: 13364: 13360: 13356: 13352: 13348: 13341: 13333: 13329: 13324: 13319: 13315: 13311: 13307: 13303: 13299: 13292: 13284: 13280: 13276: 13272: 13268: 13264: 13257: 13255: 13246: 13242: 13237: 13232: 13228: 13224: 13220: 13216: 13212: 13205: 13197: 13193: 13189: 13185: 13181: 13177: 13170: 13168: 13159: 13155: 13150: 13145: 13141: 13137: 13133: 13129: 13125: 13118: 13116: 13114: 13112: 13110: 13108: 13106: 13097: 13093: 13088: 13083: 13078: 13073: 13069: 13065: 13061: 13054: 13038: 13034: 13027: 13011: 13007: 13001: 12993: 12989: 12984: 12979: 12975: 12971: 12967: 12963: 12959: 12952: 12944: 12940: 12935: 12930: 12926: 12922: 12918: 12914: 12910: 12903: 12895: 12891: 12886: 12881: 12876: 12871: 12867: 12863: 12859: 12852: 12844: 12840: 12836: 12832: 12828: 12824: 12817: 12809: 12805: 12801: 12797: 12793: 12789: 12785: 12781: 12774: 12755: 12751: 12745: 12741: 12740:10.2810/44330 12737: 12733: 12726: 12719: 12711: 12704: 12702: 12685: 12681: 12675: 12671: 12670: 12662: 12654: 12650: 12646: 12642: 12639:(3): 325–45. 12638: 12634: 12627: 12619: 12615: 12610: 12605: 12601: 12597: 12593: 12589: 12585: 12578: 12570: 12566: 12562: 12558: 12554: 12550: 12546: 12542: 12535: 12516: 12509: 12503: 12488: 12484: 12480: 12476: 12469: 12454: 12450: 12443: 12435: 12429: 12425: 12418: 12410: 12408:9788551004173 12404: 12400: 12396: 12392: 12386: 12384: 12375: 12371: 12366: 12361: 12356: 12351: 12348:(2): 212–22. 12347: 12343: 12339: 12332: 12325: 12320: 12309:September 23, 12305: 12301: 12295: 12284:September 23, 12280: 12276: 12270: 12259:September 23, 12254: 12250: 12244: 12228: 12224: 12218: 12211: 12206: 12204: 12189: 12185: 12178: 12159: 12155: 12148: 12141: 12133: 12129: 12124: 12119: 12115: 12111: 12107: 12103: 12099: 12092: 12076: 12072: 12068: 12061: 12042: 12038: 12031: 12024: 12005: 12001: 11994: 11988: 11977: 11973: 11969: 11965: 11961: 11957: 11953: 11949: 11945: 11938: 11931: 11923: 11919: 11915: 11911: 11907: 11903: 11896: 11880: 11876: 11870: 11862: 11858: 11854: 11850: 11846: 11842: 11835: 11827: 11823: 11816: 11808: 11804: 11800: 11796: 11792: 11788: 11781: 11779: 11770: 11766: 11762: 11758: 11754: 11750: 11743: 11735: 11731: 11727: 11723: 11719: 11712: 11701:September 17, 11693: 11689: 11685: 11678: 11671: 11655: 11651: 11647: 11643: 11639: 11635: 11631: 11627: 11625: 11616: 11608: 11602: 11598: 11594: 11587: 11571: 11567: 11563: 11556: 11548: 11544: 11540: 11536: 11532: 11525: 11523: 11503: 11499: 11495: 11488: 11481: 11479: 11462: 11458: 11454: 11450: 11446: 11442: 11438: 11434: 11423: 11415: 11411: 11407: 11403: 11399: 11395: 11391: 11387: 11380: 11372: 11368: 11364: 11360: 11356: 11352: 11345: 11337: 11333: 11329: 11325: 11321: 11317: 11310: 11302: 11298: 11294: 11290: 11286: 11282: 11275: 11273: 11264: 11260: 11256: 11252: 11245: 11237: 11233: 11229: 11225: 11221: 11217: 11209: 11207: 11198: 11194: 11190: 11186: 11182: 11178: 11170: 11162: 11158: 11154: 11150: 11143: 11135: 11131: 11127: 11123: 11119: 11115: 11108: 11100: 11096: 11092: 11088: 11084: 11080: 11073: 11065: 11061: 11057: 11053: 11050:(2): 93–105. 11049: 11045: 11037: 11035: 11026: 11022: 11018: 11014: 11010: 11006: 10999: 10983: 10979: 10973: 10969: 10968: 10960: 10952: 10946: 10942: 10938: 10937: 10929: 10913: 10909: 10903: 10899: 10895: 10888: 10880: 10876: 10872: 10868: 10864: 10860: 10859:Life Sciences 10853: 10845: 10841: 10836: 10831: 10827: 10823: 10819: 10812: 10804: 10798: 10794: 10787: 10779: 10775: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10755: 10751: 10747: 10743: 10736: 10728: 10724: 10720: 10716: 10712: 10708: 10701: 10693: 10689: 10685: 10681: 10677: 10673: 10666: 10658: 10654: 10650: 10646: 10642: 10638: 10631: 10629: 10620: 10616: 10611: 10606: 10601: 10596: 10592: 10588: 10584: 10577: 10569: 10565: 10561: 10557: 10553: 10549: 10542: 10526: 10522: 10518: 10512: 10496: 10492: 10486: 10482: 10481: 10473: 10465: 10461: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10441: 10437: 10433: 10429: 10422: 10420: 10411: 10407: 10402: 10397: 10393: 10389: 10385: 10381: 10377: 10370: 10368: 10359: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10340: 10335: 10331: 10327: 10323: 10316: 10314: 10297: 10293: 10287: 10271: 10267: 10261: 10246: 10242: 10235: 10220: 10216: 10209: 10201: 10197: 10192: 10187: 10183: 10179: 10175: 10171: 10167: 10160: 10152: 10148: 10143: 10138: 10134: 10130: 10126: 10122: 10118: 10111: 10103: 10099: 10094: 10089: 10084: 10079: 10075: 10071: 10067: 10063: 10059: 10052: 10044: 10040: 10036: 10032: 10028: 10024: 10017: 10010: 10002: 9998: 9993: 9988: 9983: 9978: 9974: 9970: 9969:Int J Mol Sci 9966: 9959: 9951: 9947: 9942: 9937: 9933: 9929: 9925: 9918: 9910: 9906: 9901: 9896: 9892: 9888: 9884: 9880: 9876: 9872: 9868: 9861: 9853: 9849: 9844: 9839: 9835: 9831: 9827: 9823: 9819: 9812: 9796: 9792: 9788: 9784: 9780: 9776: 9772: 9771: 9766: 9764: 9755: 9747: 9743: 9738: 9733: 9729: 9725: 9722:(2): 88–101. 9721: 9717: 9713: 9706: 9704: 9695: 9691: 9686: 9681: 9677: 9673: 9669: 9662: 9654: 9650: 9646: 9642: 9638: 9634: 9627: 9625: 9623: 9614: 9610: 9605: 9600: 9595: 9590: 9586: 9582: 9578: 9576: 9567: 9565: 9556: 9552: 9548: 9544: 9540: 9536: 9529: 9527: 9518: 9514: 9509: 9504: 9500: 9496: 9492: 9488: 9484: 9480: 9476: 9469: 9453: 9449: 9448: 9443: 9442:"Psilocybine" 9437: 9435: 9426: 9422: 9418: 9414: 9410: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9391: 9389: 9387: 9385: 9368: 9364: 9358: 9354: 9350: 9343: 9327: 9323: 9319: 9313: 9297: 9293: 9289: 9282: 9274: 9270: 9266: 9262: 9257: 9252: 9248: 9244: 9240: 9236: 9232: 9228: 9224: 9217: 9201: 9197: 9191: 9180: 9176: 9172: 9168: 9164: 9160: 9156: 9152: 9148: 9141: 9134: 9126: 9122: 9118: 9114: 9110: 9106: 9099: 9091: 9087: 9083: 9077: 9075: 9066: 9060: 9056: 9052: 9051: 9043: 9024: 9020: 9016: 9011: 9006: 9002: 8998: 8994: 8990: 8983: 8976: 8974: 8966:(2): 295–315. 8965: 8961: 8954: 8946: 8942: 8938: 8934: 8930: 8926: 8922: 8918: 8911: 8892: 8888: 8884: 8880: 8876: 8871: 8866: 8862: 8858: 8851: 8844: 8836: 8830: 8826: 8825: 8817: 8809: 8803: 8799: 8792: 8784: 8778: 8774: 8770: 8766: 8759: 8751: 8747: 8742: 8737: 8733: 8729: 8725: 8721: 8717: 8710: 8708: 8699: 8695: 8690: 8685: 8681: 8677: 8673: 8669: 8665: 8658: 8650: 8646: 8640: 8636: 8632: 8625: 8606: 8602: 8598: 8591: 8584: 8576: 8572: 8568: 8564: 8560: 8556: 8549: 8541: 8537: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8521: 8517: 8513: 8506: 8504: 8495: 8491: 8487: 8483: 8479: 8475: 8472:(S2): 73–79. 8471: 8467: 8460: 8452: 8448: 8444: 8440: 8436: 8432: 8428: 8424: 8417: 8409: 8405: 8401: 8397: 8393: 8389: 8385: 8381: 8374: 8366: 8362: 8358: 8354: 8350: 8346: 8342: 8335: 8333: 8324: 8320: 8316: 8312: 8305: 8297: 8293: 8289: 8285: 8281: 8277: 8273: 8269: 8262: 8251: 8247: 8243: 8239: 8235: 8231: 8227: 8223: 8219: 8212: 8205: 8203: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8182: 8178: 8174: 8170: 8166: 8159: 8151: 8147: 8143: 8139: 8132: 8124: 8121:(in French). 8120: 8112: 8096: 8092: 8086: 8082: 8081: 8073: 8054: 8050: 8046: 8042: 8038: 8034: 8030: 8023: 8016: 8008: 8002: 7998: 7994: 7993: 7985: 7983: 7974: 7970: 7966: 7962: 7958: 7954: 7950: 7946: 7939: 7937: 7920: 7916: 7910: 7906: 7905: 7897: 7881: 7877: 7871: 7867: 7866: 7858: 7842: 7836: 7834: 7832: 7823: 7819: 7814: 7809: 7805: 7801: 7797: 7793: 7789: 7782: 7774: 7770: 7765: 7760: 7755: 7750: 7746: 7742: 7738: 7731: 7715: 7711: 7707: 7703: 7697: 7693: 7692: 7684: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7649: 7647: 7645: 7643: 7626: 7622: 7616: 7608: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7590: 7586: 7582: 7578: 7574: 7567: 7559: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7529: 7525: 7518: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7498: 7494: 7490: 7483: 7475: 7471: 7466: 7461: 7457: 7453: 7449: 7442: 7440: 7438: 7429: 7425: 7421: 7417: 7410: 7408: 7399: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7381: 7377: 7373: 7369: 7365: 7358: 7356: 7347: 7343: 7339: 7335: 7331: 7327: 7324:(2): 91–116. 7323: 7319: 7315: 7308: 7289: 7285: 7281: 7277: 7273: 7269: 7265: 7261: 7257: 7250: 7243: 7235: 7231: 7227: 7223: 7219: 7215: 7211: 7207: 7200: 7192: 7188: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7164: 7157: 7155: 7146: 7140: 7136: 7129: 7119: 7115: 7111: 7107: 7102: 7098: 7094: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7078: 7073: 7069: 7065: 7061: 7057: 7053: 7049: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7028: 7024: 7020: 7016: 7012: 7007: 7003: 6999: 6995: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6979: 6975: 6970: 6969: 6965: 6957: 6953: 6946: 6927: 6923: 6919: 6915: 6911: 6904: 6897: 6881: 6877: 6871: 6863: 6859: 6854: 6849: 6845: 6841: 6837: 6833: 6829: 6822: 6814: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6796: 6792: 6788: 6784: 6780: 6773: 6771: 6754: 6750: 6744: 6740: 6736: 6732: 6725: 6723: 6721: 6701: 6697: 6693: 6689: 6685: 6681: 6677: 6673: 6669: 6662: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6642: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6624: 6620: 6616: 6612: 6608: 6601: 6585: 6581: 6575: 6564: 6560: 6556: 6552: 6548: 6544: 6540: 6533: 6526: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6518: 6516: 6514: 6512: 6510: 6508: 6506: 6504: 6502: 6493: 6489: 6485: 6481: 6477: 6473: 6466: 6450: 6446: 6439: 6423: 6419: 6418: 6413: 6406: 6398: 6394: 6390: 6386: 6382: 6378: 6374: 6370: 6363: 6361: 6341: 6337: 6335:92-9168-249-7 6331: 6327: 6320: 6313: 6311: 6294: 6290: 6286: 6282: 6278: 6274: 6270: 6266: 6262: 6258: 6251: 6243: 6237: 6233: 6226: 6218: 6212: 6208: 6204: 6198: 6196: 6176: 6172: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6156: 6152: 6145: 6138: 6123: 6119: 6113: 6104: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6080: 6078: 6058: 6054: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6028: 6024: 6017: 6010: 6002: 5998: 5994: 5990: 5983: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5963: 5959: 5955: 5951: 5947: 5940: 5938: 5929: 5923: 5919: 5915: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5896: 5893:(in French). 5892: 5885: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5846: 5838: 5832: 5828: 5821: 5819: 5810: 5804: 5800: 5793: 5784: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5760: 5752: 5746: 5742: 5741: 5736: 5730: 5728: 5726: 5724: 5715: 5709: 5705: 5698: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5683: 5677: 5673: 5669: 5665: 5659: 5657: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5649: 5647: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5615:mushrooms?". 5614: 5607: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5584: 5576: 5570: 5554: 5548: 5540: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5500: 5496: 5489: 5487: 5470: 5466: 5462: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5442: 5441: 5435: 5433: 5424: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5396: 5392: 5388: 5381: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5366: 5362: 5358: 5354: 5350: 5346: 5342: 5338: 5331: 5329: 5321: 5316: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5290: 5286: 5282: 5275: 5268: 5264: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5246: 5239: 5231: 5227: 5223: 5219: 5215: 5211: 5203: 5201: 5192: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5164: 5160: 5156: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5132: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5114: 5110: 5109:CNS Spectrums 5106: 5099: 5097: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5089: 5087: 5085: 5083: 5081: 5079: 5062: 5058: 5054: 5050: 5044: 5036: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5008: 5004: 5000: 4993: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4942: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4934: 4932: 4930: 4928: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4897: 4896: 4888: 4886: 4877: 4873: 4869: 4865: 4861: 4857: 4852: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4832: 4830: 4821: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4805: 4801: 4797: 4793: 4786: 4784: 4775: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4741: 4734: 4732: 4724: 4719: 4715: 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4684: 4682: 4680: 4678: 4676: 4674: 4672: 4670: 4668: 4666: 4664: 4662: 4653: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4612: 4610: 4605: 4586: 4582: 4576: 4569: 4567: 4561: 4560: 4553: 4543: 4536: 4530: 4523: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4507: 4503: 4499: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4483: 4479: 4475: 4471: 4467: 4466:The Shroomery 4463: 4459: 4455: 4451: 4445: 4438: 4434: 4428: 4424: 4414: 4411: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4392: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4382: 4378: 4367: 4360: 4358: 4354: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4334: 4332: 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4312: 4308: 4306: 4302: 4298: 4294: 4278: 4274: 4261: 4255: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4211: 4207: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4187: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4169: 4165: 4161: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4145: 4141: 4137: 4133: 4127: 4117: 4115: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4067: 4059: 4054: 4045: 4043: 4037: 4034: 4021: 4017: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4003: 3998: 3996: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3966: Illegal 3935: 3928: 3921: 3917: 3902: 3900: 3896: 3892: 3891:norbaeocystin 3888: 3884: 3880: 3876: 3873:specimens of 3872: 3867: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3830: 3829: 3822: 3811: 3810: 3802: 3790: 3785: 3781: 3779: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3766: 3761: 3760: 3755: 3754: 3749: 3745: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3729: 3725: 3720: 3716: 3715: 3710: 3709: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3697: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3685: 3680: 3679: 3674: 3673: 3668: 3667: 3662: 3661: 3656: 3655: 3650: 3646: 3645:Gastón Guzmán 3642: 3641:Basidiomycota 3632: 3630: 3629: 3625: 3624: 3620: 3618: 3617: 3613: 3612: 3608: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3600: 3596: 3594: 3593: 3589: 3588: 3584: 3582: 3581: 3577: 3576: 3572: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3564: 3560: 3558: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3546: 3545: 3544:P. cyanescens 3541: 3540: 3536: 3534: 3533: 3532:P. baeocystis 3529: 3528: 3524: 3522: 3521: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3510: 3509: 3505: 3504: 3500: 3498: 3497: 3496:P. azurescens 3493: 3492: 3489:% psilocybin 3484: 3480: 3469: 3467: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3446: 3442: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3423: 3419: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3399: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3370:DMACA reagent 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3354:benzene rings 3351: 3350:primary amino 3347: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3321: 3319: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3284: 3280: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3256: 3252: 3248: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3231: 3227: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3211: 3206: 3204: 3196: 3191: 3182: 3180: 3176: 3171: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3142: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3119: 3115: 3111: 3110:basal ganglia 3107: 3099: 3095: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3073: 3066: 3059: 3051: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3032: 3028: 3023: 3021: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2985: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2957: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2926: 2921: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2906: 2901: 2900: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2878: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2863: 2856: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2822: 2821: 2817: 2815: 2809: 2808: 2804: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2791: 2789: 2783: 2782: 2778: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2765: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2752: 2750: 2744: 2743: 2739: 2737: 2731: 2730: 2726: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2713: 2711: 2705: 2704: 2700: 2698: 2692: 2691: 2687: 2685: 2679: 2678: 2674: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2661: 2659: 2653: 2652: 2648: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2635: 2633: 2627: 2626: 2622: 2620: 2614: 2613: 2609: 2607: 2601: 2600: 2596: 2594: 2588: 2587: 2583: 2581: 2575: 2574: 2566: 2563: 2562: 2553: 2548: 2534: 2533:in GM yeast. 2532: 2528: 2527: 2522: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2511:gene clusters 2508: 2507:P. cyanescens 2504: 2500: 2496: 2488: 2484: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2474:hydroxylation 2471: 2469: 2465: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2452: 2451: 2450: 2448: 2444: 2435: 2426: 2423: 2418: 2409: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2394:dimethylamine 2391: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2376: 2375:melting point 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2351: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2333: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2292: 2290: 2289:intravenously 2286: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2256: 2254: 2248: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2226: 2221: 2217: 2212: 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2193: 2189: 2185: 2180: 2177: 2176:Walter Pahnke 2173: 2169: 2165: 2161: 2160:consciousness 2156: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2133: 2128: 2124: 2120: 2110: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2048: 2044: 2040: 2035: 2028: 2023: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1992: 1991:schizophrenia 1988: 1984: 1980: 1979:derealization 1976: 1971: 1967: 1956: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1933: 1924: 1916: 1915:intravenously 1908: 1907:intravenously 1904: 1896: 1893:In rats, the 1891: 1889: 1883: 1881: 1871: 1869: 1868:birth defects 1865: 1861: 1857: 1853: 1849: 1845: 1835: 1831: 1829: 1824: 1814: 1812: 1802: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1755: 1750: 1741: 1739: 1735: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1719: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1703: 1699: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1657: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1631:Johns Hopkins 1628: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1612: 1611:Timothy Leary 1608: 1600: 1599:Timothy Leary 1596: 1591: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1560: 1558: 1557: 1552: 1548: 1544: 1540: 1536: 1532: 1526: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1495:Ralph Metzner 1492: 1487: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1468: 1466: 1465: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1447: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1436: 1431: 1427: 1423: 1419: 1415: 1412:and his wife 1411: 1408: 1400: 1399: 1393: 1386: 1381: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1343: 1338: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1302:in 1502. The 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1244: 1242: 1241: 1236: 1232: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1163:Timothy Leary 1160: 1156: 1151: 1149: 1145: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1086: 1084: 1083:panic attacks 1080: 1076: 1072: 1071:sense of time 1068: 1065:, changes in 1064: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1013: 1003: 996: 987: 982: 981: 978: 971: 962: 961: 958: 951: 947: 945: 944:Melting point 941: 934: 930: 929: 927: 924: 919: 912: 910: 906: 876: 874: 870: 865: 861: 857: 854: 852: 850:ECHA InfoCard 846: 838: 834: 833:DTXSID0048898 830: 829: 827: 818: 814: 807: 803: 802: 800: 798: 794: 787: 783: 782: 780: 778: 774: 767: 763: 762: 760: 758: 754: 747: 743: 742: 740: 738: 734: 727: 723: 722: 720: 718: 714: 707: 703: 702: 700: 698: 694: 687: 683: 682: 680: 673: 669: 662: 658: 657: 655: 653: 649: 640: 639: 636: 629: 624: 620: 616: 613: 611: 607: 592: 577: 574: 572: 568: 553: 538: 534: 531: 529: 522: 514: 511: 509: 505: 495: 490: 486: 484: 480: 476: 470: 461: 455: 446: 440: 436: 435:Demethylation 427: 421: 415: 411: 408: 406: 402: 398: 396: 392: 388: 384: 381: 379: 375: 371: 367: 361: 351: 349: 339: 337: 328: 325: 315: 306: 305: 303: 301: 297: 292: 285: 284: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 265: 263: 259: 253: 250: 247: 244: 243: 241: 239: 233: 229: 227: 221: 217: 215: 209: 200: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 150: 129: 128: 118: 77: 75:Pronunciation 73: 70:Clinical data 68: 61: 56: 49: 44: 30: 19: 25951: 25935:Latrepirdine 25848:rescinnamine 25832:corynanthine 25786:Metralindole 25753: 25707:β-carbolines 25700: 25685:lysergamides 25676:Cyclic 3-OHM 25648:Zolmitriptan 25628:Frovatriptan 25587: 25548: 25544: 25535: 25531: 25525:-methyl-αMT) 25522: 25518: 25502:7-Methyl-αET 25497:7-Chloro-αMT 25492:6-Fluoro-αMT 25487:5-Methyl-αET 25462:5-Fluoro-αMT 25457:5-Fluoro-αET 25452:5-Ethoxy-αMT 25447:5-Chloro-αMT 25399:Piromelatine 25391: 25383: 25375: 25367: 25305: 25249: 25237: 25236:Psilacetin ( 25193: 25128:Idalopirdine 25018:-tryptophan) 24974:7-Methyl-DMT 24969:6-Fluoro-DMT 24954:5,6-MDO-MiPT 24944:5,6-MDO-DiPT 24939:5,6-MeO-MiPT 24919:5-Methyl-DMT 24899:5-MeO-NBpBrT 24826: 24822: 24796:5-Fluoro-MET 24791:5-Fluoro-EPT 24786:5-Fluoro-DMT 24781:5-Fluoro-DET 24771:5-Ethoxy-DMT 24766:5-Chloro-DMT 24746:4,5-MDO-DiPT 24563: 24559: 24476: 24467: 24454: 24445: 24436: 24427: 24416: 24415: 24371: 24359:Vortioxetine 24345:fluphenazine 24319:clomipramine 24214:JNJ-18038683 24204:methysergide 24115:fluperlapine 24095:aripiprazole 24084:Antagonists: 24083: 24048:frovatriptan 23980: 23921: 23886:clomipramine 23794:Landipirdine 23784:Idalopirdine 23769:Cerlapirdine 23716:fluperlapine 23700:aripiprazole 23688:Antagonists: 23687: 23596:methysergide 23560: 23521:methysergide 23509: 23480:Antagonists: 23479: 23430: 23364:Antagonists: 23363: 23306:Prucalopride 23252: 23210: 23188:Vortioxetine 23102:Palonosetron 22991:Antagonists: 22990: 22868: 22800: 22782:thioridazine 22618:Medifoxamine 22573:methysergide 22525:Deramciclane 22479:paliperidone 22463:fluperlapine 22434:Antagonists: 22433: 22395: 22313:aripiprazole 22196:ergine (LSA) 22039: 22002: 21907:Sarpogrelate 21757:aripiprazole 21741:Antagonists: 21740: 21722: 21617:methysergide 21552:fenfluramine 21536:Amphetamines 21522: 21481: 21459:Volinanserin 21445:thioridazine 21417:perphenazine 21405:fluphenazine 21347:Teniloxazine 21298:Sarpogrelate 21288:Roluperidone 21258:Pimavanserin 21238:Nelotanserin 21213:Medifoxamine 21198:Landipirdine 21158:methysergide 21129:Eplivanserin 21119:Deramciclane 21074:paliperidone 21042:fluperlapine 21030:clocapramine 21026:carpipramine 21010:aripiprazole 20955:5-MeO-NBpBrT 20947:Antagonists: 20946: 20928: 20719:ergine (LSA) 20541:2CBFly-NBOMe 20500: 20448:Antagonists: 20447: 20391:methysergide 20362: 20318: 20303:Antagonists: 20302: 20264:methysergide 20251: 20201: 20106:Antagonists: 20105: 20062:zolmitriptan 20046:frovatriptan 19980:methysergide 19937: 19892: 19788:Antagonists: 19787: 19775:Vortioxetine 19742:zolmitriptan 19697:methysergide 19638: 19591: 19559:Spiroxatrine 19378:Antagonists: 19377: 19333: 19128:methysergide 19045:tandospirone 18991:aripiprazole 18981:vortioxetine 18934: 18762:Salvinorin A 18682:Levallorphan 18473: 18392:Salvinorin A 18285:WIN 55,212-2 18050:CUMYL-PINACA 18035:APP-FUBINACA 18020:AMB-FUBINACA 18015:ADSB-FUB-187 18000:ADB-FUBINACA 17995:ADB-CHMINACA 17900:5F-AB-PINACA 17552: 17491: 17445: 17204: 17174:Salvinorin A 17146:Cannabinoids 17124:Triprolidine 17099:Promethazine 17094:Procyclidine 17074:Orphenadrine 16904:Benzatropine 16593:Eticyclidine 16297:Aeruginascin 16208: 16171: 16132:Coronaridine 16078: 16068: 16031: 16027: 16008: 16004: 15995: 15991: 15975:5,6-diBr-DMT 15932: 15895: 15853: 15816: 15787:4,5-DHP-α-MT 15776: 15700:Fenfluramine 15533:Metaescaline 15513:Isobuscaline 15342: 15262: 15207: 15163: 15046:25I-NMe7DHBF 15036:25B-NMe7Indz 15026:25B-NMe7DHBF 14997: 14993: 14964:N-Ethyl-2C-B 14919:2CBFly-NBOMe 14874:25I-N2Nap1OH 14730: 14652: 14579: 14511: 14501:25TFM-NB4OMe 14433: 14423:25TFM-NB3OMe 14355: 14327: 14316: 14312: 13971: 13934:Methysergide 13739:2CBFly-NBOMe 13705:Psychedelics 13611: 13607: 13569: 13565: 13531: 13527: 13521: 13511:September 5, 13509:. Retrieved 13504: 13495: 13470: 13466: 13460: 13425: 13421: 13411: 13386: 13382: 13375: 13350: 13346: 13340: 13305: 13301: 13291: 13266: 13263:N Engl J Med 13262: 13218: 13214: 13204: 13179: 13176:N Engl J Med 13175: 13131: 13127: 13067: 13063: 13053: 13043:September 7, 13041:. Retrieved 13026: 13014:. Retrieved 13000: 12965: 12961: 12951: 12916: 12912: 12902: 12865: 12861: 12851: 12826: 12822: 12816: 12783: 12779: 12773: 12761:. Retrieved 12718: 12690:February 27, 12688:. Retrieved 12668: 12661: 12636: 12632: 12626: 12591: 12587: 12577: 12544: 12540: 12534: 12522:. Retrieved 12502: 12490:. Retrieved 12479:The Guardian 12478: 12468: 12456:. Retrieved 12452: 12442: 12423: 12417: 12398: 12394: 12345: 12341: 12331: 12326: (1999). 12319: 12307:. Retrieved 12303: 12294: 12282:. Retrieved 12278: 12269: 12257:. Retrieved 12252: 12243: 12231:. Retrieved 12226: 12217: 12202: 12199: 12192:. Retrieved 12177: 12165:. Retrieved 12158:the original 12153: 12140: 12105: 12101: 12091: 12079:. 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Retrieved 10897: 10887: 10862: 10858: 10852: 10828:(1): 45–49. 10825: 10821: 10811: 10792: 10786: 10749: 10745: 10735: 10710: 10706: 10700: 10675: 10671: 10665: 10640: 10636: 10590: 10586: 10576: 10551: 10547: 10541: 10529:. Retrieved 10520: 10511: 10501:February 27, 10499:. Retrieved 10479: 10472: 10435: 10431: 10383: 10379: 10329: 10325: 10302:September 5, 10300:. Retrieved 10295: 10286: 10276:September 5, 10274:. Retrieved 10269: 10260: 10250:September 5, 10248:. Retrieved 10244: 10234: 10224:September 5, 10222:. Retrieved 10218: 10208: 10173: 10169: 10159: 10124: 10120: 10110: 10068:(2): e9019. 10065: 10061: 10051: 10026: 10022: 10009: 9972: 9968: 9958: 9931: 9927: 9917: 9874: 9870: 9860: 9825: 9821: 9811: 9799:. Retrieved 9774: 9768: 9762: 9754: 9719: 9715: 9675: 9671: 9661: 9636: 9632: 9584: 9580: 9574: 9541:(2): 91–96. 9538: 9534: 9482: 9478: 9468: 9458:November 21, 9456:. Retrieved 9445: 9400: 9396: 9373:February 27, 9371:. Retrieved 9352: 9342: 9330:. Retrieved 9321: 9312: 9302:February 12, 9300:. Retrieved 9291: 9281: 9230: 9226: 9216: 9204:. Retrieved 9190: 9179:the original 9150: 9146: 9133: 9108: 9104: 9098: 9089: 9085: 9049: 9042: 9030:. Retrieved 9023:the original 8992: 8988: 8963: 8959: 8953: 8920: 8916: 8910: 8898:. Retrieved 8860: 8856: 8843: 8823: 8816: 8797: 8791: 8768: 8758: 8723: 8719: 8671: 8667: 8657: 8634: 8624: 8612:. Retrieved 8600: 8596: 8583: 8558: 8554: 8548: 8515: 8511: 8469: 8465: 8459: 8429:(1): 49–53. 8426: 8422: 8416: 8383: 8379: 8373: 8348: 8344: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8271: 8267: 8261: 8250:the original 8221: 8217: 8168: 8164: 8158: 8150:the original 8145: 8141: 8131: 8122: 8118: 8111: 8101:February 27, 8099:. Retrieved 8079: 8072: 8062:November 16, 8060:. Retrieved 8032: 8028: 8015: 7991: 7948: 7944: 7925:February 27, 7923:. Retrieved 7903: 7896: 7886:February 27, 7884:. Retrieved 7864: 7857: 7845:. Retrieved 7795: 7791: 7781: 7744: 7740: 7730: 7718:. Retrieved 7690: 7683: 7671:. Retrieved 7662: 7658: 7629:. Retrieved 7615: 7580: 7576: 7566: 7531: 7527: 7517: 7492: 7488: 7482: 7455: 7451: 7419: 7418:(in Dutch). 7415: 7371: 7367: 7321: 7317: 7307: 7295:. Retrieved 7259: 7255: 7242: 7212:(1): 51–55. 7209: 7205: 7199: 7169:(1): 50–64. 7166: 7162: 7134: 7128: 7109: 7105: 7080: 7076: 7051: 7047: 7014: 7010: 6980:(1): 29–38. 6977: 6973: 6964: 6955: 6951: 6945: 6935:December 27, 6933:. Retrieved 6913: 6909: 6896: 6886:February 21, 6884:. Retrieved 6870: 6838:(1): 49–69. 6835: 6831: 6821: 6786: 6782: 6759:February 27, 6757:. Retrieved 6734: 6707:. Retrieved 6671: 6667: 6614: 6610: 6600: 6588:. Retrieved 6574: 6563:the original 6542: 6538: 6475: 6471: 6465: 6453:. Retrieved 6438: 6426:. Retrieved 6415: 6405: 6372: 6368: 6349:September 8, 6347:. Retrieved 6299:September 7, 6297:. Retrieved 6267:(1): 16–21. 6264: 6260: 6250: 6231: 6225: 6206: 6182:. Retrieved 6175:the original 6157:(6): 77–79. 6154: 6150: 6137: 6125:. Retrieved 6121: 6112: 6096:(1): 47–58. 6093: 6089: 6066:November 20, 6064:. Retrieved 6057:the original 6026: 6022: 6009: 5995:(2): 61–72. 5992: 5988: 5982: 5949: 5945: 5917: 5894: 5890: 5884: 5874:February 27, 5872:. Retrieved 5855: 5845: 5826: 5798: 5792: 5776:(2): 71–80. 5773: 5769: 5759: 5739: 5703: 5667: 5620: 5616: 5612: 5606: 5597: 5593: 5583: 5557:. Retrieved 5547: 5502: 5498: 5473:. Retrieved 5451: 5444: 5438: 5397:(1): 41–52. 5394: 5390: 5340: 5336: 5318: 5288: 5284: 5274: 5266: 5244: 5238: 5213: 5209: 5162: 5158: 5112: 5108: 5065:. Retrieved 5043: 5006: 5002: 4992: 4958:(10): 2948. 4955: 4951: 4916:February 27, 4914:. Retrieved 4894: 4841: 4837: 4795: 4791: 4747: 4743: 4721: 4693: 4689: 4625: 4621: 4583:, including 4575: 4565: 4557: 4552: 4542: 4529: 4522:spore prints 4506:Planetahongo 4496:(Portugal), 4470:MushroomJohn 4444: 4427: 4413:Soma (drink) 4390: 4377:Fungi portal 4342:valvulopathy 4335: 4309: 4277:escitalopram 4262: 4203:double-blind 4193: 4129: 4108: 4078: 4075: 4063: 4057: 4038: 4035: 4031: 4019: 4001: 3999: 3976: 3910:Legal status 3874: 3868: 3856:fruit bodies 3837: 3826: 3807: 3788: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3747: 3724:gene cluster 3718: 3712: 3706: 3700: 3694: 3688: 3682: 3676: 3670: 3664: 3658: 3652: 3638: 3626: 3614: 3602: 3590: 3578: 3566: 3554: 3542: 3530: 3518: 3506: 3494: 3478: 3430: 3426:electrospray 3418:fluorescence 3356:, including 3342:Marquis test 3327: 3306:acetaldehyde 3292: 3267:demethylated 3262: 3207: 3200: 3172: 3145: 3118:dopaminergic 3060:, including 3037:for several 3024: 3017: 3009: 3005: 2993:>30,000 ( 2927:>10,000 ( 2890:>10,000 ( 2537:Pharmacology 2530: 2524: 2523: 2518: 2514: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2482: 2447:biosynthesis 2441: 2429:Biosynthesis 2415: 2398:zwitterionic 2352: 2336:antioxidants 2303: 2281: 2264: 2257: 2249: 2213: 2208:double-blind 2196:Huston Smith 2182:In the 1962 2181: 2157: 2130: 2116: 2055: 2032: 2011:polydrug use 1998:neuroimaging 1995: 1977:, prolonged 1962: 1922: 1892: 1884: 1877: 1841: 1832: 1820: 1808: 1793: 1774: 1766:tapping rate 1759: 1714:hypertension 1695: 1658: 1616: 1604: 1561: 1554: 1550: 1543:Jonathan Ott 1538: 1527: 1522: 1488: 1469: 1462: 1448: 1443: 1433: 1404: 1396: 1384: 1364: 1360: 1346:bolond gomba 1345: 1334: 1328: 1300:Moctezuma II 1295: 1279: 1270:cultures of 1245: 1238: 1228: 1213: 1152: 1125: 1087: 1069:, distorted 1031: 1027: 1021: 1017: 1015: 1011: 1010: 999: 806:ChEMBL194378 618: 525:Elimination 496:-glucuronide 493: 336:Schedule III 300:Legal status 294:Legal status 271:hallucinogen 194: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 29: 26032:naratriptan 26010:Tepirindole 25844:deserpidine 25824:rauwolscine 25772:noribogaine 25643:Sumatriptan 25638:Rizatriptan 25618:Donitriptan 25613:Almotriptan 25295:Z2876442907 25270:Solypertine 25178:Milipertine 25148:Lespedamine 24949:5,6-MDO-DMT 24929:5-MT-NB3OMe 24894:5-MeO-pyr-T 24811:5-MeO-2-TMT 24776:5-Ethyl-DMT 24756:5-Bromo-DMT 24741:4,5-MDO-DMT 24571:4,5-DHP-DMT 24530:Tryptamines 24522:Tryptamines 24429:Adrenergics 24389:Piperazines 24305:mirtazapine 24297:maprotiline 24208:sergolexole 24200:metergoline 24196:mesulergine 24176:cabergoline 24155:EGIS-12,233 24135:ziprasidone 24123:risperidone 24107:clorotepine 24091:amisulpride 24054:Tryptamines 23947:Piperazines 23804:Masupirdine 23774:EGIS-12,233 23720:iloperidone 23708:clorotepine 23612:Tryptamines 23592:metergoline 23588:mesulergine 23527:Piperazines 23517:metergoline 23457:Tryptamines 23341:Usmarapride 23296:Minesapride 23271:Cinitapride 23219:Piperazines 23178:sevoflurane 23155:Tropisetron 23150:Tropanserin 23139:mirtazapine 23097:Ondansetron 23077:Granisetron 23052:Cilansetron 23037:Batanopride 23004:Arazasetron 22999:Anpirtoline 22938:Tryptamines 22900:Piperazines 22778:pipamperone 22727:mirtazapine 22719:maprotiline 22693:SDZ SER-082 22643:Propranolol 22633:Pirenperone 22583:Etoperidone 22577:sergolexole 22569:metergoline 22565:mesulergine 22540:Eltoprazine 22495:ziprasidone 22487:risperidone 22467:iloperidone 22455:clorotepine 22442:Agomelatine 22437:Adatanserin 22406:Vabicaserin 22360:Tryptamines 22309:Piperazines 22188:cabergoline 21964:mirtazapine 21942:SDZ SER-082 21892:Rauwolscine 21882:Propranolol 21872:Pirenperone 21841:mesulergine 21801:ziprasidone 21797:risperidone 21789:pipamperone 21769:cariprazine 21753:amisulpride 21744:Agomelatine 21679:Tryptamines 21654:Piperazines 21597:cabergoline 21493:nicergoline 21449:thiothixene 21425:pipamperone 21409:haloperidol 21381:mirtazapine 21373:maprotiline 21319:mepiprazole 21307:etoperidone 21278:Rauwolscine 21273:Pruvanserin 21263:Pirenperone 21178:Glemanserin 21173:Flibanserin 21162:sergolexole 21154:metergoline 21150:mesulergine 21094:ziprasidone 21090:zicronapine 21082:risperidone 21066:ocaperidone 21062:mosapramine 21050:iloperidone 21046:gevotroline 21034:clorotepine 21018:blonanserin 20983:hydroxyzine 20965:Adatanserin 20893:Tryptamines 20860:Piperazines 20715:cabergoline 20533:2CBCB-NBOMe 20529:25TFM-NBOMe 20430:Tryptamines 20424:sumatriptan 20420:naratriptan 20285:Tryptamines 20205:Acetryptine 20189:Ziprasidone 20128:metergoline 20068:Tryptamines 20058:sumatriptan 20054:rizatriptan 20050:naratriptan 20038:donitriptan 20030:almotriptan 19964:cabergoline 19900:cabergoline 19839:metergoline 19820:propranolol 19753:Tryptamines 19738:sumatriptan 19730:donitriptan 19672:Eltoprazine 19642:Anpirtoline 19595:Acetryptine 19544:SDZ 216-525 19484:Flopropione 19473:metergoline 19444:propranolol 19389:risperidone 19385:iloperidone 19298:Tryptamines 19243:Rauwolscine 19233:Pardoprunox 19173:Flibanserin 19104:cabergoline 19091:Enciprazine 19086:Eltoprazine 19066:Cannabidiol 19041:perospirone 19019:ziprasidone 19003:cariprazine 18957:etoperidone 18948:Amphetamine 18943:Adatanserin 18815:Galantamine 18767:Spiradoline 18757:Racemorphan 18742:Phenazocine 18737:Pentazocine 18727:Noribogaine 18692:Levorphanol 18632:Cyclazocine 18627:Butorphanol 18617:Bremazocine 18574:Haloalkanes 18460:Eszopiclone 18418:amphetamine 18377:Pramipexole 18337:Cabergoline 18322:Apomorphine 18120:MDMB-CHMICA 18090:FUB-JWH-018 18085:FUB-APINACA 17980:AB-FUBINACA 17975:AB-CHMINACA 17970:AB-CHFUPYCA 17109:Tolterodine 17104:Scopolamine 17084:Pheniramine 17049:Hyoscyamine 16964:CAR-302,668 16959:CAR-302,537 16954:CAR-302,368 16949:CAR-302,282 16944:CAR-302,196 16939:CAR-301,060 16934:CAR-226,086 16919:BRN-1484501 16909:Benzydamine 16899:Benactyzine 16884:antagonists 16840:Perzinfotel 16835:Noribogaine 16795:Dizocilpine 16744:Racemorphan 16734:Dextrorphan 16691:Diphenidine 16675:Rimantadine 16657:Adamantanes 16638:Gacyclidine 16530:PCP-related 16516:Norketamine 16479:Ethketamine 16448:hexylamines 16435:antagonists 16393:empathogens 16152:Noribogaine 15985:5-Bromo-DMT 15945:4,5-DHP-DMT 15767:Tryptamines 15739:Piperazines 15710:Macromerine 15031:25B-NMe7Ind 15021:25B-NMe7Box 15016:25B-NMe7Bim 14959:MDPEA-NBOMe 14929:5-APB-NBOMe 14914:2CBCB-NBOMe 14823:25TFM-NBOMe 14496:25T7-NB4OMe 14491:25T4-NB4OMe 14486:25T2-NB4OMe 14418:25T7-NB3OMe 14413:25T4-NB3OMe 14408:25T2-NB3OMe 13864:Ergometrine 13726:Benzofurans 13505:AdisInsight 13308:: e078607. 13016:December 3, 12763:December 4, 12594:: 143–166. 11885:December 4, 11728:: 229–235. 11511:October 19, 11500:: 189–280. 11322:: 287–290. 10752:: 1391689. 10531:January 20, 9801:December 3, 9403:(1): 3–27. 8900:October 26, 8218:NeuroReport 7747:: 901–910. 7374:(1): 3–25. 5914:Stafford PJ 5897:(1): 58–79. 5475:December 4, 5440:Merck Index 5320:hours.12,13 5165:: 1040217. 5009:: 1406888. 4628:: 143–166. 4581:self-report 4494:Enteogeneos 4488:(Hungary), 4480:(Denmark), 4317:(i.e., the 4305:effect size 4085:Matlatzinca 4000:Psilocybin 3942: Legal 3899:oxidization 3604:P. stuntzii 3568:P. cubensis 3461:immunoassay 3433:body fluids 3358:amphetamine 3318:β-carboline 3235:glucuronide 3230:metabolites 3210:metabolized 3114:haloperidol 2960:>10,000 2947:>10,000 2805:>10,000 2792:>10,000 2688:>10,000 2567:Affinity (K 2503:P. cubensis 2495:P. cubensis 2438:psilocybin. 2373:. It has a 2317:substituent 2204:Rick Doblin 2113:volunteers. 1970:convulsions 1959:Psychiatric 1932:lethal dose 1856:self-injury 1846:. A common 1736:levels, or 1734:blood sugar 1730:electrolyte 1724:(25%); and 1710:hypotension 1669:personality 1639:synesthesia 1621:, joy, and 1320:Mesoamerica 1292:Diego Durán 1280:teonanácatl 1272:Mesoamerica 1231:pictographs 1118:chroniclers 1110:Mesoamerica 1043:200 species 1036:psychedelic 916: g·mol 856:100.007.542 626:Identifiers 492:• Psilocin- 483:Metabolites 439:deamination 252:intravenous 158:Other names 41:Psilocybine 18:Psilocybine 26094:Psilocybin 26074:Entheogens 26063:Categories 26024:avitriptan 26015:Tetrindole 25992:5-MeO-DiBF 25974:Sertindole 25954:)-69 (3IQ) 25945:Pirlindole 25920:EMD-386088 25836:ajmalicine 25828:spegatrine 25806:PNU-181731 25747:tryptoline 25695:Flucindole 25671:Ciclindole 25666:Bay R 1531 25623:Eletriptan 25482:5-MeO-MPMI 25472:5-MeO-αET 25467:5-iPrO-αMT 25290:Yuremamine 25285:Tryptophan 25280:Tryptamine 25226:Oxypertine 25138:Indorenate 25038:CP-132,484 24884:5-MeO-MiPT 24874:5-MeO-MALT 24864:5-MeO-EiPT 24849:5-MeO-DiPT 24834:5-MeO-DALT 24731:4-MeO-MiPT 24721:4-MeO-DiPT 24716:4-HO-pyr-T 24681:4-HO-McPeT 24616:4-AcO-MiPT 24601:4-AcO-MALT 24586:4-AcO-DiPT 24576:4-AcO-DALT 24323:imipramine 24284:SSR-181507 24259:SB-656104A 24234:Ritanserin 24224:LY-215,840 24219:Ketanserin 24192:LY-215,840 24184:ergotamine 24168:amesergide 24145:Butaclamol 24131:tiospirone 24127:sertindole 24119:olanzapine 23994:Bifeprunox 23937:lergotrile 23834:Ro 63-0563 23829:Ro 04-6790 23824:Ritanserin 23789:Ketanserin 23728:tiospirone 23724:olanzapine 23675:WAY-208466 23670:WAY-181187 23664:tryptamine 23644:EMD-386088 23576:ergotamine 23498:Ritanserin 23442:ergotamine 23346:Velusetrag 23316:Renzapride 23198:Zatosetron 23117:Ricasetron 23112:Renzapride 23107:Ramosetron 23087:Lerisetron 23067:Dolasetron 23026:quetiapine 23022:olanzapine 22964:isoflurane 22788:Xylamidine 22711:aptazapine 22648:Ritanserin 22628:Nefazodone 22603:Ketanserin 22598:Irindalone 22588:Fluoxetine 22561:LY-215,840 22549:amesergide 22535:Dotarizine 22515:Cinanserin 22505:Captodiame 22491:sertindole 22483:quetiapine 22475:olanzapine 22416:WAY-161503 22400:tryptamine 22396:psilocybin 22340:PNU-181731 22299:lophophine 22285:Oxaflozane 22243:Lorcaserin 22238:Flumexadol 22200:ergotamine 22081:5-MeO-DiPT 21897:Ritanserin 21862:Metadoxine 21847:Ketanserin 21821:amesergide 21793:quetiapine 21785:olanzapine 21727:tryptamine 21723:psilocybin 21627:Lorcaserin 21609:ergotamine 21464:Xylamidine 21433:setoperone 21365:aptazapine 21352:Temanogrel 21323:nefazodone 21315:lubazodone 21283:Ritanserin 21248:Pelanserin 21188:Ketanserin 21183:Irindalone 21168:Fananserin 21146:LY-215,840 21138:amesergide 21124:Dotarizine 21109:Cinanserin 21086:sertindole 21078:quetiapine 21070:olanzapine 21054:lurasidone 21006:amperozide 20970:Altanserin 20950:5-I-R91150 20933:tryptamine 20929:psilocybin 20850:lophophine 20831:PNU-181731 20816:Oxaflozane 20784:Lorcaserin 20779:Jimscaline 20769:Flumexadol 20727:ergotamine 20595:5-MeO-DiPT 20416:eletriptan 20397:Lasmiditan 20371:CP-122,288 20289:tryptamine 20279:eletriptan 20179:Ritanserin 20139:Ketanserin 20114:BRL-15,572 20042:eletriptan 20034:avitriptan 20011:PNU-142633 20006:PNU-109291 19972:ergotamine 19941:CP-122,288 19850:Isamoltane 19824:tertatolol 19816:penbutolol 19812:oxprenolol 19808:isamoltane 19800:alprenolol 19791:AR-A000002 19734:eletriptan 19726:avitriptan 19689:ergotamine 19662:CP-122,288 19647:CGS-12066A 19600:Carvedilol 19579:Xylamidine 19574:WAY-100635 19569:WAY-100135 19539:SB-649,915 19529:Robalzotan 19494:Isamoltane 19464:Dotarizine 19448:tertatolol 19432:penbutolol 19428:oxprenolol 19424:isamoltane 19408:alprenolol 19393:sertindole 19360:Xaliproden 19355:Vilazodone 19345:U-92,016-A 19334:psilocybin 19322:indorenate 19293:Sunepitron 19288:SSR-181507 19238:Piclozotan 19228:Oxaflozane 19223:Osemozotan 19188:Lesopitron 19178:Flumexadol 19168:Flesinoxan 19112:ergotamine 19051:Bay R 1531 19033:eptapirone 19025:Azapirones 19015:quetiapine 19011:lurasidone 18977:vilazodone 18965:nefazodone 18900:modulators 18836:Isoaminile 18797:Oneirogens 18747:Proxorphan 18732:Oxilorphan 18722:Nalorphine 18712:Nalbuphine 18702:Metazocine 18677:Ketazocine 18657:Herkinorin 18637:Cyclorphan 18584:Chloroform 18426:precursors 18387:Rotigotine 18382:Ropinirole 18357:Nuciferine 18165:NESS-040C5 18045:CUMYL-PICA 18005:ADB-PINACA 17945:5F-SDB-006 17925:5F-APINACA 17079:Oxybutynin 17069:Mepyramine 17019:Doxylamine 16979:Clemastine 16874:Deliriants 16850:Remacemide 16825:Neramexane 16805:Herkinorin 16790:Dexoxadrol 16785:Delucemine 16716:Morphinans 16696:Ephenidine 16665:Amantadine 16572:3-MeO-PCPy 16567:3-MeO-PCPr 16557:3-MeO-PCMo 16537:2'-Oxo-PCE 16521:Tiletamine 16485:Esketamine 16468:Arketamine 16446:Arylcyclo‐ 16407:and other 16377:Lorcaserin 16302:Baeocystin 16292:5-MeO-MPMI 16287:5-MeO-MALT 16282:5-MeO-EiPT 16162:Voacangine 15918:5-MeO-DiPT 15839:5-MeO-DALT 15797:5-MeO-α-MT 15792:5-MeO-α-ET 15543:Proscaline 15523:Jimscaline 15392:Lophophine 15056:25I-NMeTHF 15051:25I-NMeFur 15041:25B-NMePyr 15011:25B-NMe7BT 15006:25B-NMe7BF 14954:FECIMBI-36 14924:4-EA-NBOMe 14904:25I-NBMeOH 14889:25I-NB34MD 14884:25I-N4MT3M 14879:25I-N3MT2M 14869:25C-NBOiPr 14854:25B-NB25DM 14849:25B-NB23DM 14844:25B-NAcPip 14839:25B-N1POMe 14818:25T7-NBOMe 14813:25T4-NBOMe 14808:25T2-NBOMe 14788:25iP-NBOMe 14753:25CN-NBOMe 14720:25TFM-NBOH 14642:25TFM-NBMD 14481:25P-NB4OMe 14476:25N-NB4OMe 14471:25I-NB4OMe 14466:25H-NB4OMe 14461:25E-NB4OMe 14456:25D-NB4OMe 14451:25C-NB4OMe 14446:25B-NB4OMe 14403:25P-NB3OMe 14398:25N-NB3OMe 14393:25I-NB3OMe 14388:25H-NB3OMe 14383:25E-NB3OMe 14378:25D-NB3OMe 14373:25C-NB3OMe 14368:25B-NB3OMe 13959:Phenethyl‐ 13809:1cP-AL-LAD 13799:1P-ETH-LAD 13749:5-MeO-DiBF 13534:: 115886. 13070:(8): 793. 12524:August 23, 12194:January 7, 12145:Jerome L. 11828:: 107–124. 11660:August 29, 11593:The Genus 11467:August 24, 11011:(1): 1–8. 10438:: 724606. 10332:: 727117. 9975:(1): 241. 9877:(1): 712. 9777:(39): 11. 9761:"Modified 9092:(1): 1–25. 8614:August 14, 7947:(Review). 7798:: 100557. 7720:August 23, 7673:August 23, 7631:August 23, 7495:: 107475. 7458:: 105325. 7297:August 16, 6328:(EMCDDA). 5067:August 27, 4595:References 4547:fatality". 4504:(Norway), 4484:(France), 4344:caused by 4190:Depression 4124:See also: 4103:, and the 3895:precursors 3887:baeocystin 3883:germinated 3864:dry weight 3791:mushrooms. 3732:subtropics 3702:Panaeolina 3672:Copelandia 3660:Gymnopilus 3508:P. serbica 3468:settings. 3453:extraction 3156:motivation 3098:ketanserin 3094:antagonist 2779:101–8,900 2519:Gymnopilus 2462:tryptamine 2458:tryptophan 2367:chloroform 2332:tryptophan 2329:amino acid 2314:aminoethyl 2285:herbal tea 2137:sacraments 2123:divinatory 2082:stimulants 2078:anxiolytic 2003:Flashbacks 1702:heart rate 1685:meditation 1647:regression 1623:depression 1565:smartshops 1519:on himself 1440:Roger Heim 1369:Green Park 1324:entheogens 1304:Franciscan 1114:divinatory 1067:perception 1012:Psilocybin 921:3D model ( 909:Molar mass 786:CHEBI:8614 746:2RV7212BP0 717:ChemSpider 652:CAS Number 635:IUPAC name 600:minutes (1 539:): 2.1–3.7 405:Metabolism 360:Schedule I 262:Drug class 212:Dependence 33:Psilocybin 26043:VU6067416 26028:LY-334370 26000:dimemebfe 25969:RU-24,969 25964:Ro60-0213 25959:Ro60-0175 25940:LY-367265 25910:BRL-54443 25905:AL-38022A 25895:AAZ-A-154 25840:reserpine 25820:yohimbine 25816:Yohimbans 25801:PNU-22394 25796:PHA-57378 25768:ibogamine 25756:alkaloids 25723:harmaline 25711:6-MeO-THH 25703:alkaloids 25681:Ergolines 25581:CP-135807 25576:BW-723C86 25477:5-MeO-αMT 25361:Melatonin 25356:Luzindole 24909:5-MeS-DMT 24889:5-MeO-NMT 24879:5-MeO-MET 24869:5-MeO-EPT 24859:5-MeO-DPT 24854:5-MeO-DMT 24844:5-MeO-DET 24839:5-MeO-DBT 24801:5-HO-DiPT 24736:4-PrO-DMT 24726:4-MeO-DMT 24711:4-HO-PiPT 24701:4-HO-NALT 24696:4-HO-MsBT 24686:4-HO-MiPT 24676:4-HO-McPT 24666:4-HO-MALT 24656:4-HO-DSBT 24646:4-HO-DiPT 24631:4-HO-DALT 24611:4-AcO-DPT 24606:4-AcO-MET 24596:4-AcO-NMT 24591:4-AcO-EPT 24581:4-AcO-DET 24417:See also: 24383:pergolide 24375:Ergolines 24301:mianserin 24293:amoxapine 24279:Spiperone 24264:SB-691673 24254:SB-656104 24249:SB-269970 24244:SB-258741 24239:SB-258719 24160:Ergolines 24111:clozapine 24099:asenapine 24070:N-Me-5-HT 24066:bufotenin 24034:Sarizotan 24029:RU-24,969 24004:Ergolines 23984:8-OH-DPAT 23981:Agonists: 23941:pergolide 23925:Ergolines 23872:mianserin 23868:amoxapine 23859:SB-742457 23854:SB-399885 23849:SB-357134 23844:SB-271046 23839:SB-258585 23819:PRX-07034 23779:GW-742457 23764:BVT-74316 23754:BGC20-760 23712:clozapine 23704:asenapine 23656:N-Me-5-HT 23652:LY-586713 23632:Bufotenin 23616:2-Me-5-HT 23564:Ergolines 23561:Agonists: 23513:Ergolines 23503:SB-699551 23483:Asenapine 23434:Ergolines 23431:Agonists: 23402:SB-204070 23397:SB-203186 23382:Piboserod 23372:GR-125487 23367:GR-113808 23351:Zacopride 23336:Tegaserod 23326:RS-67,506 23321:RS-67,333 23311:PRX-03140 23301:Mosapride 23286:Dazopride 23281:CJ-033466 23276:Cisapride 23266:Capeserod 23253:Agonists: 23193:Zacopride 23135:mianserin 23131:amoxapine 23092:Memantine 23062:Dazopride 23047:Bupropion 23032:Azasetron 23018:clozapine 22994:Alosetron 22960:halothane 22942:2-Me-5-HT 22933:SR-57227A 22912:quipazine 22869:Agonists: 22809:Ergolines 22804:Efavirenz 22743:Trazodone 22723:mianserin 22707:amoxapine 22688:SB-243213 22683:SB-242084 22678:SB-228357 22673:SB-221284 22668:SB-206553 22663:SB-200646 22653:RS-102221 22638:Pizotifen 22608:Ketotifen 22593:FR-260010 22545:Ergolines 22471:melperone 22459:clozapine 22451:asenapine 22372:bufotenin 22350:Ro60-0213 22345:Ro60-0175 22335:PNU-22394 22325:quipazine 22303:mescaline 22290:PHA-57378 22280:ORG-37684 22275:ORG-12962 22232:pergolide 22180:Ergolines 22153:Dimemebfe 22148:CP-809101 22143:Alstonine 22138:AL-38022A 22119:α-Me-5-HT 22115:5-MeO-αMT 22111:5-MeO-αET 22089:5-MeO-DPT 22085:5-MeO-DMT 22077:5-MeO-DET 22040:Agonists: 22006:Ergolines 21990:Yohimbine 21970:Trazodone 21960:mianserin 21956:amoxapine 21947:Tegaserod 21937:SB-228357 21932:SB-221284 21927:SB-215505 21922:SB-206553 21917:SB-204741 21912:SB-200646 21902:RS-127445 21887:PRX-08066 21877:Pizotifen 21852:LY-393558 21837:LY-272015 21817:Ergolines 21812:EGIS-7625 21773:clozapine 21761:asenapine 21699:bufotenin 21695:α-Me-5-HT 21669:Ro60-0175 21664:PNU-22394 21621:pergolide 21593:Ergolines 21566:BW-723C86 21523:Agonists: 21485:Ergolines 21469:Yohimbine 21441:spiramide 21437:spiperone 21377:mianserin 21361:amoxapine 21337:SR-46349B 21331:trazodone 21268:Pizotifen 21233:Nantenine 21203:LY-393558 21134:Ergolines 21058:melperone 21038:clozapine 21014:asenapine 20991:perlapine 20987:ketotifen 20905:bufotenin 20868:quipazine 20854:mescaline 20826:PNU-22394 20821:PHA-57378 20774:IHCH-7113 20763:pergolide 20699:Ergolines 20694:Efavirenz 20662:Dimemebfe 20652:AL-37350A 20633:α-Me-5-HT 20629:5-MeO-αMT 20625:5-MeO-αET 20603:5-MeO-DPT 20599:5-MeO-DMT 20591:5-MeO-DET 20537:25CN-NBOH 20525:25C-NBOMe 20521:25B-NBOMe 20517:25I-NBOMe 20501:Agonists: 20456:Mianserin 20402:LY-334370 20376:Ergolines 20366:BRL-54443 20363:Agonists: 20322:Ergolines 20260:Ergolines 20255:BRL-54443 20252:Agonists: 20222:pergolide 20210:Ergolines 20184:Yohimbine 20174:Mianserin 20164:LY-456220 20159:LY-456219 20154:LY-393558 20149:LY-367642 20144:LY-310762 20134:GR-127935 20124:Ergolines 20119:Elzasonan 20109:Alniditan 19956:Ergolines 19951:CP-286601 19946:CP-135807 19938:Agonists: 19896:Ergolines 19880:Yohimbine 19875:SB-236057 19870:SB-224289 19865:SB-216641 19855:LY-393558 19845:GR-127935 19835:Ergolines 19830:Elzasonan 19804:carteolol 19712:RU-24,969 19701:pergolide 19677:Ergolines 19667:CP-135807 19639:Agonists: 19605:Ergolines 19554:Spiramide 19549:Spiperone 19499:Lecozotan 19479:FCE-24379 19469:Ergolines 19454:BMY-7,378 19436:pindobind 19412:carteolol 19365:Yohimbine 19326:N-Me-5-HT 19314:bufotenin 19306:5-MeO-DMT 19278:Sarizotan 19258:RU-24,969 19253:Roxindole 19248:Repinotan 19213:Naluzotan 19198:LY-301317 19193:LY-293284 19132:pergolide 19096:Ergolines 19081:Ebalzotan 19071:Dimemebfe 19061:BMY-14802 19056:Befiradol 19029:buspirone 19007:clozapine 18995:asenapine 18969:trazodone 18938:8-OH-DPAT 18935:Agonists: 18851:Pukateine 18841:Noscapine 18787:Xorphanol 18772:Tifluadom 18717:Nalmefene 18652:Enadoline 18622:Butorphan 18612:Alazocine 18567:Enflurane 18502:Inhalants 18492:Zopiclone 18448:enhancers 18372:Piribedil 18362:Pergolide 18352:Memantine 18327:Aporphine 18195:Parahexyl 18190:Org 28611 18160:NESS-0327 18135:MEPIRAPIM 18095:FUB-PB-22 18075:FDU-PB-22 17985:AB-PINACA 17955:A-836,339 17950:A-796,260 17915:5F-ADBICA 17890:4-HTMPIPO 17465:CP 55,940 17460:CP 55,244 17455:CP 47,497 17194:Synthetic 17157:agonists) 17064:Meclozine 17044:Flavoxate 16989:Cyclizine 16914:Biperiden 16815:Midafotel 16800:Etoxadrol 16775:Aptiganel 16670:Memantine 16577:4-MeO-PCP 16562:3-MeO-PCP 16552:3-MeO-PCE 16367:Efavirenz 16362:Dimemebfe 16352:AL-38022A 16267:4-HO-McPT 16231:5-Me-MiPT 16194:5-MeO-MET 16142:Ibogamine 16101:5-MeO-DPT 16044:α,N,N-TMT 16039:7,N,N-TMT 16021:5-MeO-DMT 15980:5-AcO-DMT 15965:4,N,N-TMT 15955:4-AcO-DMT 15950:2,N,N-TMT 15881:(T-9) DET 15876:5-MeO-DET 15528:Mescaline 15483:Buscaline 15061:25I-NMeTh 14949:DOI-NBOMe 14944:DOB-NBOMe 14939:C30-NBOMe 14934:5MT-NBOMe 14909:25I-NBTFM 14864:25C-NBOEt 14803:25T-NBOMe 14798:25P-NBOMe 14793:25N-NBOMe 14783:25I-NBOMe 14778:25H-NBOMe 14773:25G-NBOMe 14768:25F-NBOMe 14763:25E-NBOMe 14758:25D-NBOMe 14748:25C-NBOMe 14743:25B-NBOMe 14715:25T7-NBOH 14710:25T2-NBOH 14675:25CN-NBOH 14637:25T7-NBMD 14632:25T2-NBMD 14569:25TFM-NBF 14236:2C-T-22.5 13944:PARGY-LAD 13814:1cP-MiPLA 13744:5-MeO-BFE 13717:agonists) 12712:(Report). 12653:149858755 12487:0261-3077 12374:228997721 12324: N.M. 12233:March 19, 12167:March 22, 12081:March 22, 12050:March 22, 11718:Psilocybe 11630:Mycologia 11595:Psilocybe 11576:March 15, 11531:Psilocybe 10298:(in Zulu) 10272:(in Zulu) 10245:BindingDB 10219:BindingDB 9828:: 25–36. 9791:208747979 9587:(1): 40. 9575:Psilocybe 9332:April 10, 9273:147200008 9125:144969540 8865:CiteSeerX 8603:: 51–57. 8380:CNS Drugs 8029:Addiction 7973:220472473 7847:April 24, 7710:318713242 7665:: 74–77. 6709:April 10, 6492:0022-0175 6455:August 8, 6428:August 8, 6417:Wired.com 6261:Mycologia 6127:August 8, 5864:0024-3019 5770:Karstenia 5735:Hofmann A 5664:Stamets P 5613:Psilocybe 5559:April 24, 4952:Molecules 4846:CiteSeerX 4820:207669364 4600:Citations 4535:non-blind 4510:Svampinfo 4508:(Spain), 4502:Norshroom 4492:(Spain), 4462:Mycotopia 4433:phosphate 4346:serotonin 4301:remission 4109:Psilocybe 4058:Psilocybe 4020:Psilocybe 4008:, the UK 4002:mushrooms 3871:herbarium 3860:sclerotia 3838:Both the 3789:Psilocybe 3748:Psilocybe 3719:Psilocybe 3711:(2), and 3708:Gerronema 3678:Hypholoma 3666:Panaeolus 3654:Psilocybe 3580:P. weilii 3479:Psilocybe 3203:half life 3175:glutamate 3141:receptors 3134:histamine 3058:receptors 2552:serotonin 2425:in 2020. 2387:phosphate 2344:bufotenin 2321:serotonin 2295:Chemistry 2245:dysphoria 2132:entheogen 2127:spiritual 2074:inhalants 2047:mescaline 2034:Tolerance 1975:confusion 1966:psychosis 1796:, author 1726:dysmetria 1643:affective 1476:ethocybin 1446:species. 1444:Psilocybe 1331:Old World 1288:Dominican 1284:New World 1260:Guatemala 1248:artifacts 1208:Guatemala 1148:entheogen 1032:Indocybin 610:Excretion 527:half-life 454:Oxidation 236:Routes of 226:liability 224:Addiction 214:liability 26038:VER-3323 26020:Triptans 25915:CP-94253 25900:AL-34662 25811:RU-28306 25764:ibogaine 25739:pinoline 25727:harmalol 25633:L-694247 25605:Triptans 25586:IPAP (α, 25442:4-Me-αMT 25437:4-Me-αET 25427:4-HO-αMT 25260:RS134-49 25113:FGIN-143 25108:FGIN-127 24821:5-MeO-7, 24706:4-HO-NMT 24691:4-HO-MPT 24671:4-HO-MET 24661:4-HO-EPT 24651:4-HO-DPT 24641:4-HO-DET 24636:4-HO-DBT 24548:2-Me-DET 24543:2-HO-NMT 24379:lisuride 24353:pimozide 24349:loxapine 24188:LY-53857 24139:zotepine 24044:Triptans 23908:loxapine 23759:BVT-5182 23602:Hypidone 23580:lisuride 23392:RS-67532 23387:RS-39604 23377:L-Lysine 23214:LY-53857 23164:loxapine 23057:CSP-2503 22978:YM-31636 22928:SR-57227 22918:RS-56812 22872:Alcohols 22774:pimozide 22770:loxapine 22738:Tramadol 22557:LY-53857 22499:zotepine 22392:psilocin 22208:LA-SS-Az 22204:lisuride 22133:A-372159 22107:5-Fl-αMT 22103:5-Cl-αMT 21833:LY-53857 21829:lisuride 21719:psilocin 21544:cloforex 21531:Aminorex 21421:pimozide 21413:loxapine 21342:TGBA01AD 21142:LY-53857 21114:CSP-2503 21098:zotepine 20960:AC-90179 20925:psilocin 20735:LA-SS-Az 20731:lisuride 20647:AL-34662 20621:5-Fl-αMT 20617:5-Cl-αMT 20577:2C-B-FLY 20513:25I-NBOH 20509:25I-NBMD 20412:Triptans 20384:lysergol 20330:lysergol 20275:Triptans 20218:lysergol 20214:lisuride 20080:5-Et-DMT 20026:Triptans 20021:TGBA01AD 19996:L-772405 19991:L-694247 19986:GR-46611 19908:lisuride 19722:Triptans 19657:CP-94253 19652:CP-93129 19489:GR-46611 19459:CSP-2503 19440:pindolol 19350:Urapidil 19340:TGBA01AD 19330:psilocin 19263:S-14,506 19183:Hypidone 19163:F-15,599 19138:F-11,461 19116:lisuride 19076:Dopamine 19037:gepirone 18831:Glaucine 18782:U-69,593 18707:Morphine 18672:Ibogaine 18599:agonists 18533:Kerosene 18528:Gasoline 18487:Zolpidem 18482:Zaleplon 18470:Muscimol 18430:levodopa 18342:Lisuride 18314:agonists 18275:THJ-2201 18170:Nabilone 18140:MAM-2201 18105:JTE 7-31 18100:FUBIMINA 18065:EAM-2201 17940:5F-PB-22 17129:WIN-2299 16984:CS-27349 16894:Atropine 16855:Selfotel 16810:Ibogaine 16780:Budipine 16547:3-HO-PCP 16542:3-HO-PCE 16491:Ketamine 16372:Glaucine 16262:4-HO-EPT 16257:4-HO-DBT 16147:ME-18-MC 16137:Ibogaine 16003:5-MeO-4, 15990:5-MeO-2, 15635:2CD-5EtO 15503:Escaline 14899:25I-NBBr 14894:25I-NBAm 14859:25C-NBCl 14705:25P-NBOH 14700:25I-NBOH 14695:25H-NBOH 14690:25F-NBOH 14685:25E-NBOH 14680:25D-NBOH 14670:25C-NBOH 14665:25B-NBOH 14627:25P-NBMD 14622:25I-NBMD 14617:25H-NBMD 14612:25F-NBMD 14607:25E-NBMD 14602:25D-NBMD 14597:25C-NBMD 14592:25B-NBMD 14564:25T7-NBF 14559:25T2-NBF 13734:2C-B-FLY 13638:38214279 13629:10944580 13586:37572027 13548:38574699 13487:38387698 13452:37403379 13443:10350724 13403:36193898 13367:34038314 13332:39168500 13323:11337322 13283:33852780 13245:37651119 13236:10472268 13196:36322843 13158:38627070 13149:11024689 13096:34451890 13037:Archived 13010:Archived 12992:27909164 12943:27354908 12894:36381758 12843:19744846 12808:22085876 12754:Archived 12684:Archived 12618:29753748 12561:25744618 12515:Archived 12492:July 18, 12458:July 17, 12393:(2018). 12391:Pollan M 12188:Archived 12132:21674151 12075:Archived 12013:June 25, 11972:38006957 11964:10855955 11879:Archived 11861:20047807 11654:Archived 11570:Archived 11502:Archived 11461:Archived 11457:96753191 11414:11249439 11406:15526212 11371:14581081 11301:10978655 11064:10077856 11025:45118221 10982:Archived 10912:Archived 10879:16884739 10778:38741590 10769:11089204 10727:21332315 10692:12191719 10657:11373000 10619:32446245 10568:19799545 10525:Archived 10495:Archived 10464:34566723 10410:30262987 10358:34671279 10200:24800892 10151:22271821 10102:20126400 10062:PLOS ONE 10043:27216487 10001:38203411 9992:10778977 9950:38301886 9909:35132076 9852:32224264 9795:Archived 9746:30283667 9653:28763571 9613:36678537 9555:17002211 9517:34982048 9452:Archived 9425:31056807 9417:11980266 9367:Archived 9326:Archived 9296:Archived 9265:38947237 9256:11214281 9206:July 12, 9200:Archived 9167:16826400 9082:Doblin R 9019:18593735 8945:18464414 8937:24424798 8891:Archived 8750:21256140 8698:19040555 8649:Archived 8605:Archived 8575:19086254 8532:11750795 8494:24647325 8451:44321700 8443:15048636 8408:18506672 8400:15089102 8365:56427651 8296:20020560 8246:37706068 8095:Archived 8053:Archived 8049:15139867 7965:32648791 7919:Archived 7880:Archived 7822:33073220 7773:33707976 7714:Archived 7667:Archived 7625:Archived 7607:36272145 7598:10032309 7558:37261927 7549:10634292 7509:32360298 7474:37467907 7428:18257429 7398:20668434 7346:25960626 7338:10658954 7288:Archived 7276:16269092 7234:22789140 7226:18325673 7183:16714323 7097:14437505 7068:14420328 7054:: 8–17. 7031:13715375 7002:19508675 6994:14405870 6926:Archived 6922:17211054 6880:Archived 6862:29020861 6813:21956378 6753:Archived 6700:Archived 6696:15263504 6688:14615876 6641:21674151 6590:April 9, 6584:Archived 6559:21256914 6449:Archived 6422:Archived 6397:22923427 6389:20855349 6340:Archived 6293:Archived 6205:(1993). 6184:July 25, 6053:18593734 5974:39777572 5966:14087676 5916:(1992). 5868:Archived 5737:(2009). 5666:(1996). 5600:: 69–65. 5569:cite web 5539:39020167 5530:11291293 5469:Archived 5423:35225956 5365:10758314 5357:24444771 5315:38598236 5306:11007582 5191:36532184 5131:35811423 5061:Archived 5035:38919636 5026:11196758 4984:34063505 4910:Archived 4868:21036393 4812:20606445 4774:19022584 4723:trial.29 4718:12656091 4710:14578010 4652:29753748 4562:titled " 4363:See also 4353:receptor 4120:Research 4101:Zapotecs 4093:Mazatecs 4089:Totonacs 3983:psilocin 3842:and the 3774:familial 3714:Galerina 3696:Conocybe 3486:Species 3481:species 3466:clinical 3386:vaporize 3338:extracts 3283:excreted 3249:enzymes 3164:appetite 3126:receptor 3106:dopamine 3043:affinity 3031:psilocin 3010:Sources: 2662:4.6–410 2649:6.0–340 2478:psilocin 2406:standard 2365:such as 2363:solvents 2355:methanol 2272:delirium 2192:divinity 2066:cannabis 2045:such as 1952:nicotine 1903:caffeine 1880:toxicity 1874:Toxicity 1778:bad trip 1732:levels, 1677:openness 1627:paranoia 1619:euphoria 1547:mycelial 1499:Ram Dass 1420:village 1155:cultivar 1142:and the 1094:rock art 1059:euphoria 1051:psilocin 1028:4-PO-DMT 1002:(verify) 697:DrugBank 661:520-52-5 604:mg, n=6) 537:psilocin 489:Psilocin 412:, other 387:psilocin 324:Class F2 279:ATC code 246:By mouth 26022:(e.g., 25986:(e.g., 25818:(e.g., 25735:harmine 25731:harmane 25715:9-Me-BC 25709:(e.g., 25701:Harmala 25687:(e.g., 25571:BNC-210 25422:2,α-DMT 25404:TIK-301 25275:ST-1936 24994:AGH-192 24989:AGH-107 24964:5,7-DHT 24959:5,6-DHT 24391:(e.g., 24377:(e.g., 24331:(e.g., 24313:(e.g., 24291:(e.g., 24274:SLV-314 24269:SLV-313 24162:(e.g., 24150:DR-4485 24089:(e.g., 24056:(e.g., 24046:(e.g., 24006:(e.g., 23999:E-55888 23949:(e.g., 23927:(e.g., 23902:(e.g., 23890:doxepin 23880:(e.g., 23866:(e.g., 23749:AVN-397 23744:AVN-322 23739:AVN-211 23734:AVN-101 23698:(e.g., 23691:ABT-354 23660:ST-1936 23614:(e.g., 23566:(e.g., 23529:(e.g., 23515:(e.g., 23459:(e.g., 23436:(e.g., 23221:(e.g., 23172:(e.g., 23162:(e.g., 23145:Thujone 23129:(e.g., 23016:(e.g., 23009:AS-8112 22968:toluene 22958:(e.g., 22940:(e.g., 22902:(e.g., 22876:butanol 22874:(e.g., 22811:(e.g., 22764:(e.g., 22750:(e.g., 22733:TIK-301 22705:(e.g., 22658:S-14671 22547:(e.g., 22449:(e.g., 22411:WAY-629 22362:(e.g., 22311:(e.g., 22297:(e.g., 22250:(e.g., 22220:LSD-Pip 22182:(e.g., 22160:(e.g., 22101:(e.g., 22067:2C-T-21 22045:(e.g., 22008:(e.g., 21985:TIK-301 21977:(e.g., 21954:(e.g., 21819:(e.g., 21751:(e.g., 21681:(e.g., 21656:(e.g., 21634:(e.g., 21595:(e.g., 21573:(e.g., 21538:(e.g., 21487:(e.g., 21399:(e.g., 21389:(e.g., 21359:(e.g., 21305:(e.g., 21293:S-14671 21193:KML-010 21136:(e.g., 21004:(e.g., 20977:(e.g., 20895:(e.g., 20862:(e.g., 20848:(e.g., 20791:(e.g., 20747:LSD-Pip 20701:(e.g., 20674:(e.g., 20615:(e.g., 20582:2CB-Ind 20571:2C-T-21 20549:(e.g., 20505:25I-NBF 20432:(e.g., 20414:(e.g., 20378:(e.g., 20324:(e.g., 20287:(e.g., 20277:(e.g., 20262:(e.g., 20212:(e.g., 20126:(e.g., 20070:(e.g., 20028:(e.g., 19958:(e.g., 19898:(e.g., 19837:(e.g., 19798:(e.g., 19755:(e.g., 19724:(e.g., 19679:(e.g., 19607:(e.g., 19534:S-15535 19524:NAN-190 19471:(e.g., 19406:(e.g., 19383:(e.g., 19300:(e.g., 19273:S-15535 19268:S-14671 19208:MKC-242 19158:F-15063 19153:F-14679 19148:F-13714 19143:F-12826 19098:(e.g., 19027:(e.g., 18989:(e.g., 18955:(e.g., 18777:U-50488 18550:Toluene 18538:Propane 18506:(Mixed 18424:), and 18406:cocaine 18270:THJ-018 18255:STS-135 18250:SDB-006 18245:SDB-005 18180:NM-2201 18175:Nabitan 18110:JTE-907 18080:FUB-144 18070:FAB-144 18030:APINACA 17935:5F-NNE1 17872:JWH-424 17867:JWH-398 17862:JWH-387 17857:JWH-359 17852:JWH-350 17847:JWH-336 17842:JWH-307 17837:JWH-302 17832:JWH-300 17827:JWH-258 17822:JWH-253 17817:JWH-251 17812:JWH-250 17807:JWH-249 17802:JWH-234 17797:JWH-229 17792:JWH-220 17787:JWH-213 17782:JWH-210 17777:JWH-210 17772:JWH-205 17767:JWH-203 17762:JWH-200 17757:JWH-199 17752:JWH-198 17747:JWH-197 17742:JWH-196 17737:JWH-195 17732:JWH-194 17727:JWH-193 17722:JWH-192 17717:JWH-185 17712:JWH-184 17707:JWH-182 17702:JWH-181 17697:JWH-176 17692:JWH-175 17687:JWH-171 17682:JWH-167 17677:JWH-166 17672:JWH-164 17667:JWH-161 17662:JWH-149 17657:JWH-149 17652:JWH-148 17647:JWH-147 17642:JWH-139 17637:JWH-133 17632:JWH-122 17627:JWH-120 17622:JWH-116 17617:JWH-098 17612:JWH-081 17607:JWH-073 17602:JWH-057 17597:JWH-051 17592:JWH-048 17587:JWH-047 17582:JWH-030 17577:JWH-019 17572:JWH-018 17567:JWH-015 17562:JWH-007 17434:AM-6545 17429:AM-4113 17424:AM-4056 17419:AM-4054 17414:AM-4030 17409:AM-3102 17404:AM-2389 17399:AM-2233 17394:AM-2232 17389:AM-2213 17384:AM-2212 17379:AM-2201 17374:AM-1902 17369:AM-1714 17364:AM-1710 17359:AM-1248 17354:AM-1241 17349:AM-1235 17344:AM-1221 17339:AM-1220 17334:AM-1172 17329:AM-1116 17166:Natural 17039:EA-3834 17034:EA-3580 17029:EA-3443 17024:EA-3167 16770:8A-PDHQ 16643:PRE-084 16382:M-ALPHA 15747:2C-B-PP 15705:Ganesha 15695:DOB-FLY 15675:βk-2C-I 15670:βk-2C-B 15630:2CB-Ind 15427:MMDA-3a 15387:DMMDA-2 14979:ZDCM-04 14554:25P-NBF 14549:25I-NBF 14544:25H-NBF 14539:25E-NBF 14534:25D-NBF 14529:25C-NBF 14524:25B-NBF 14281:2C-T-33 14276:2C-T-32 14271:2C-T-31 14266:2C-T-30 14261:2C-T-28 14256:2C-T-27 14251:2C-T-25 14246:2C-T-24 14241:2C-T-23 14231:2C-T-22 14226:2C-T-21 14221:2C-T-20 14216:2C-T-19 14211:2C-T-18 14206:2C-T-17 14201:2C-T-16 14196:2C-T-15 14191:2C-T-14 14186:2C-T-13 14181:2C-T-12 14176:2C-T-11 14171:2C-T-10 13986:2C-B-AN 13949:PRO-LAD 13914:LSM-775 13904:LSD-Pip 13889:LPD-824 13869:ETH-LAD 13794:1cP-LSD 13779:Lyserg‐ 13087:8399008 12983:5367551 12934:4910400 12885:9650681 12788:Bibcode 12609:6791528 12569:2025731 12123:3308357 11922:3430170 11807:7201054 11769:2722990 11650:3759505 11336:2094720 11236:9657222 11185:Bibcode 11134:4040953 11099:9252052 10941:132–133 10844:9491968 10610:7547711 10455:8461007 10401:6149016 10349:8520991 10239:Liu T. 10213:Liu T. 10191:4194234 10142:3364510 10093:2814854 10070:Bibcode 9900:8821704 9879:Bibcode 9843:7232020 9763:E. coli 9737:6121855 9694:5750023 9604:9867295 9508:8725723 9487:Bibcode 9247:1384454 9175:7845214 9032:July 3, 9010:3050654 8887:9924839 8741:3110631 8689:6494066 8486:9754837 8341:Nutt DJ 8323:6580536 8238:9875725 8193:7453965 8185:7173927 8142:Eluesis 8125:: 1–14. 7813:7549063 7764:7943545 7389:3055517 7284:9790150 7191:3165579 7118:1052267 7039:8255131 6853:5772431 6804:3537171 6632:3308357 6289:5102274 6281:3757680 6159:Bibcode 6044:3056407 5637:3955222 5507:Bibcode 5461:PubChem 5414:8883979 5230:9204776 5182:9751063 4975:8156539 4876:5667719 4765:2677076 4643:6791528 4490:Delysid 4482:Champis 4458:Lycaeum 4435:; DMT: 4331:phase 3 4275:(SSRI) 4254:placebo 4230:phase 2 4214:placebo 4154:(OCD), 4105:Chatino 3879:mycelia 3852:potency 3736:tropics 3690:Inocybe 3684:Pluteus 3302:Alcohol 3255:UGT1A10 3245:by the 3108:in the 3035:agonist 2990:(human) 2982:17,000 2979:(mouse) 2912:13,000 2740:3.5–72 2675:10–141 2597:31–305 2584:49–567 2531:de novo 2379:ammonia 2359:ethanol 2237:placebo 2233:control 2218:led by 2098:tobacco 2090:ecstasy 2070:cocaine 1948:aspirin 1860:suicide 1844:alcohol 1786:alcohol 1712:(34%), 1659:A 2011 1597:figure 1515:funding 1418:Mazatec 1350:Hungary 1276:Nahuatl 1224:Algeria 1220:Tassili 1190:History 1098:Algeria 1039:prodrug 914:284.252 873:Formula 706:DB11664 672:PubChem 596:: 15–30 515:: 20–40 414:tissues 389:) (n=3) 348:Class A 334:: 26048:YM-348 26004:mebfap 25885:5-MIAL 25880:5-HIAL 25521:-DMT ( 25221:O-4310 25183:MS-245 25118:FT-104 25083:E-6837 25078:E-6801 24999:AH-494 24024:LP-211 23814:MS-245 23640:E-6837 23636:E-6801 22890:m-CPBG 22421:YM-348 22270:MK-212 22184:ALD-52 22063:2C-T-7 22059:2C-T-2 20888:TFMFly 20811:O-4310 20707:ALD-52 20703:1P-LSD 20667:DMBMPP 20567:2C-T-7 20563:2C-T-2 19564:UH-301 19504:Mefway 18824:Others 18697:LPK-26 18662:Heroin 18607:2-EMSB 18557:Ethers 18523:Butane 18455:CI-966 18290:XLR-11 18280:UR-144 18225:QUCHIC 18145:MDA-19 18010:ADBICA 17965:AB-005 17960:AB-001 17920:5F-AMB 17905:5F-ADB 17541:HU-345 17536:HU-336 17531:HU-331 17526:HU-320 17521:HU-308 17516:HU-243 17511:HU-239 17506:HU-211 17501:HU-210 17324:AM-938 17319:AM-926 17314:AM-919 17309:AM-906 17304:AM-905 17299:AM-883 17294:AM-881 17289:AM-855 17284:AM-735 17279:AM-694 17274:AM-679 17269:AM-678 17264:AM-661 17259:AM-630 17254:AM-411 17249:AM-404 17244:AM-381 17239:AM-374 17234:AM-356 17229:AM-281 17224:AM-279 17219:AM-251 17214:AM-087 17138:Others 17059:JB-336 17054:JB-318 17014:Ditran 16760:2-EMSB 16753:Others 16626:Others 16612:(PCPy) 16589:(PCDE) 16401:5-MAPB 16345:Others 16250:Others 16122:18-MAC 15690:DMBMPP 15680:DESOXY 15645:5-TOET 15640:2-TOET 15598:Others 15422:MMDA-2 15361:HOT-17 15251:4C-T-2 15192:3C-MAL 15182:3C-DFE 14438:NB4OMe 14360:NB3OMe 14345:25C-NB 14340:25B-NB 14291:2C-TFM 14286:2C-TFE 14166:2C-T-9 14161:2C-T-8 14156:2C-T-7 14151:2C-T-6 14146:2C-T-5 14141:2C-T-4 14136:2C-T-3 14131:2C-T-2 14106:2C-O-4 14096:2C-NH2 14071:2C-G-N 14066:2C-G-6 14061:2C-G-5 14056:2C-G-4 14051:2C-G-3 14046:2C-G-2 14041:2C-G-1 13961:amines 13939:MLD-41 13879:LAE-32 13874:IP-LAD 13844:BU-LAD 13839:ALD-52 13834:AL-LAD 13819:1V-LSD 13804:1P-LSD 13789:1B-LSD 13781:amides 13769:TFMFly 13636: 13626: 13584: 13546: 13485: 13450: 13440: 13401: 13365: 13330: 13320: 13281: 13243: 13233: 13194: 13156: 13146: 13094: 13084: 12990: 12980: 12941: 12931: 12892: 12882: 12862:Cureus 12841: 12806: 12746: 12676: 12651: 12616: 12606: 12567: 12559: 12485: 12430: 12405: 12372: 12130: 12120: 11970: 11962: 11920: 11859: 11805: 11767: 11648: 11603: 11455: 11412: 11404: 11369: 11334: 11299: 11234: 11132: 11097: 11062: 11023: 10974: 10947: 10904: 10877: 10842: 10799: 10776: 10766: 10725: 10690: 10655: 10617: 10607: 10566: 10487: 10462: 10452: 10408: 10398: 10356: 10346: 10198: 10188: 10149: 10139: 10100: 10090: 10041: 9999: 9989: 9948: 9907: 9897: 9850: 9840: 9789: 9744: 9734: 9692: 9651: 9611: 9601: 9553: 9515: 9505: 9423: 9415: 9359: 9271: 9263: 9253: 9245: 9173: 9165: 9123: 9061: 9017: 9007: 8943: 8935: 8885: 8867: 8831: 8804: 8779: 8748: 8738: 8696: 8686: 8641: 8573: 8540:230298 8538: 8530: 8492: 8484: 8449: 8441: 8406: 8398: 8363: 8321: 8294: 8288:566144 8286: 8244: 8236: 8191: 8183: 8087: 8047: 8003: 7971: 7963: 7911: 7872: 7820: 7810: 7771: 7761: 7708: 7698: 7605: 7595: 7556: 7546: 7507: 7472: 7426: 7396: 7386: 7344: 7336: 7282: 7274: 7232: 7224: 7189: 7181: 7141: 7116: 7095: 7066: 7037: 7029: 7000: 6992: 6920: 6860: 6850: 6811: 6801: 6745: 6694: 6686: 6639: 6629: 6557: 6490: 6395: 6387: 6332: 6287: 6279: 6238: 6213: 6051: 6041: 5972: 5964: 5924: 5862: 5833: 5805: 5747: 5710: 5678: 5635: 5537: 5527: 5499:Nature 5421: 5411: 5363: 5355: 5313: 5303: 5259: 5228: 5189: 5179: 5129: 5049:Anvisa 5033: 5023: 4982: 4972: 4902: 4874: 4866: 4848: 4838:Lancet 4818: 4810: 4772: 4762: 4716: 4708: 4650: 4640: 4454:Erowid 4450:EMCDDA 4289: 4285: 4281: 4269: 4265: 4258: 4250: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4091:, the 4087:, the 4083:, the 4081:Nahuas 4056:Dried 3970: 3964: 3958: 3952: 3946: 3940: 3848:spores 3728:gilled 3675:(12), 3669:(13), 3663:(14), 3649:genera 3445:plasma 3424:, and 3408:, and 3251:UGT1A9 3168:libido 3006:Notes: 2971:1,400 2818:1,600 2727:57–72 2714:70–84 2610:19–36 2571:, nM) 2564:Target 2310:indole 2096:, and 2094:heroin 1968:, and 1911: 1722:tremor 1455:Sandoz 1375:Modern 1358:herbal 1306:friar 1290:friar 1252:Mexico 1132:Sandoz 1079:nausea 957:SMILES 797:ChEMBL 766:D12881 602: 598: 586:hours) 584: 580: 565:hours) 563: 559: 547:hours) 545: 541: 517: 358: 346: 322: 153: 123:sy-lə- 25988:3-APB 25979:SN-22 25791:NDTDI 25754:Iboga 25590:-DPT) 25255:Pyr-T 25004:ALiPT 24019:LP-44 24014:LP-12 23989:AS-19 23261:BIMU8 23182:xenon 22329:TFMPP 21658:TFMPP 20883:TCB-2 20872:TFMPP 20836:RH-34 19748:TFMPP 19399:AV965 19218:NBUMP 18240:RCS-8 18235:RCS-4 18230:QUPIC 18205:PTI-2 18200:PTI-1 18155:MN-25 18150:MN-18 18040:CB-13 18025:APICA 16880:mAChR 16860:Xenon 16845:RB-64 16765:2-MDP 16618:(TCP) 16606:(PCP) 16595:(PCE) 16511:MXiPr 16431:NMDAR 16405:6-APB 16397:5-APB 16391:Also 16387:RH-34 16357:ALPHA 16127:18-MC 15777:alpha 15725:TOMSO 15720:TCB-2 15685:DMCPA 15655:5-TOM 15650:2-TOM 15590:TMA-6 15587:TMA-5 15584:TMA-4 15581:TMA-3 15578:TMA-2 15432:MMDMA 15382:DMMDA 15356:HOT-7 15351:HOT-2 15327:DOTFM 15307:DOiPR 15177:3C-BZ 15172:3C-AL 14735:NBOMe 14296:2C-YN 14121:2C-SE 14116:2C-Ph 14086:2C-iP 14026:2C-EF 14011:2C-CP 14006:2C-CN 13996:2C-Bu 13991:2C-Bn 13929:MIPLA 13884:LAMPA 13859:ECPLA 12804:S2CID 12757:(PDF) 12728:(PDF) 12649:S2CID 12565:S2CID 12518:(PDF) 12511:(PDF) 12397:[ 12370:S2CID 12161:(PDF) 12150:(PDF) 12044:(PDF) 12033:(PDF) 12007:(PDF) 11996:(PDF) 11979:(PDF) 11968:S2CID 11940:(PDF) 11695:(PDF) 11680:(PDF) 11646:JSTOR 11505:(PDF) 11490:(PDF) 11453:S2CID 11410:S2CID 11021:S2CID 10019:(PDF) 9787:S2CID 9421:S2CID 9269:S2CID 9243:JSTOR 9182:(PDF) 9171:S2CID 9143:(PDF) 9121:S2CID 9026:(PDF) 8985:(PDF) 8941:S2CID 8894:(PDF) 8853:(PDF) 8608:(PDF) 8593:(PDF) 8536:S2CID 8490:S2CID 8447:S2CID 8404:S2CID 8361:S2CID 8292:S2CID 8253:(PDF) 8242:S2CID 8214:(PDF) 8189:S2CID 8056:(PDF) 8025:(PDF) 7969:S2CID 7342:S2CID 7291:(PDF) 7280:S2CID 7252:(PDF) 7230:S2CID 7187:S2CID 7035:S2CID 6998:S2CID 6954:[ 6929:(PDF) 6906:(PDF) 6703:(PDF) 6692:S2CID 6664:(PDF) 6566:(PDF) 6535:(PDF) 6393:S2CID 6343:(PDF) 6322:(PDF) 6277:JSTOR 6203:Ott J 6178:(PDF) 6147:(PDF) 6060:(PDF) 6019:(PDF) 5970:S2CID 5633:S2CID 5361:S2CID 4872:S2CID 4816:S2CID 4714:S2CID 4566:et al 4486:Daath 4228:in a 4097:Mixes 4048:Usage 3844:stems 3740:humus 3705:(4), 3699:(4), 3693:(6), 3687:(6), 3681:(6), 3633:0.16 3621:0.21 3609:0.36 3597:0.60 3585:0.61 3573:0.63 3561:0.68 3549:0.85 3537:0.85 3525:0.98 3513:1.34 3501:1.78 3449:serum 3214:liver 3096:drug 2988:TAAR1 2977:TAAR1 2968:(rat) 2966:TAAR1 2848:561 ( 2269:toxic 2149:ethos 2125:, or 1983:mania 1858:, or 1480:CZ-74 1274:. In 1268:Aztec 1264:Mayan 1256:Mayan 1250:from 1204:Mayan 1195:Early 1144:1970s 1140:1960s 1102:Spain 1047:fungi 977:InChI 923:JSmol 777:ChEBI 726:10178 686:10624 615:Urine 578:: 4–6 410:Liver 25996:BPAP 25925:I-32 25705:and 25683:and 25595:MPMI 25551:-TMS 25538:-TMT 25231:PiPT 25216:NTBT 25188:MSBT 25168:MiPT 25123:HIOC 25093:EMDT 25088:EiPT 25063:DiPT 25043:DALT 24829:-TMT 24761:5-CT 24751:5-BT 24566:-TMT 24458:and 24062:5-MT 24058:5-CT 23966:5-HT 23648:EMDT 23628:5-MT 23624:5-CT 23620:5-BT 23546:5-HT 23461:5-CT 23416:5-HT 23256:5-MT 23238:5-HT 22946:5-CT 22908:mCPP 22854:5-HT 22836:5-HT 22510:CEPC 22380:DiPT 22368:5-CT 22364:5-BT 22321:mCPP 22264:MMDA 22260:MDOH 22248:MDxx 22093:5-MT 22055:2C-I 22051:2C-E 22047:2C-B 22025:5-HT 21857:mCPP 21707:DiPT 21691:5-MT 21687:5-CT 21683:5-BT 21648:MMDA 21644:MDOH 21632:MDxx 21508:5-HT 21208:mCPP 20997:AMDA 20913:DiPT 20901:5-CT 20897:5-BT 20805:MMDA 20801:MDOH 20789:MDxx 20607:5-MT 20559:2C-I 20555:2C-E 20551:2C-B 20486:5-HT 20474:5-HT 20434:5-MT 20348:5-HT 20237:5-HT 20084:5-MT 20076:5-CT 20072:5-BT 20001:mCPP 19923:5-HT 19765:5-MT 19761:5-CT 19757:5-BT 19707:mCPP 19624:5-HT 19519:MPPF 19310:5-MT 19302:5-CT 19203:mCPP 18920:5-HT 18908:5-HT 18667:HZ-2 18442:GABA 18220:PX-3 18215:PX-2 18210:PX-1 18185:NNE1 18060:DMHP 17551:JWH- 17184:THCV 16820:NEFA 16633:BTCP 16599:PCPr 16582:BDPC 16332:PiPT 16317:EiPT 16312:DCPT 16241:MiPT 16213:MiPT 16034:-TMT 16011:-TMT 15998:-TMT 15923:DiPT 15900:DiPT 15844:DALT 15821:DALT 15807:α-MT 15802:α-ET 15757:pFPP 15568:TMAs 15468:4-TM 15463:3-TM 15458:4-TE 15453:3-TE 15417:MMDA 15412:MDMA 15407:MDBZ 15402:MDAI 15341:HOT- 15322:DOPR 15292:DOET 15287:DOEF 15246:4C-P 15241:4C-N 15236:4C-I 15231:4C-E 15226:4C-D 15221:4C-C 15216:4C-B 15197:3C-P 15187:3C-E 14657:NBOH 14584:NBMD 14301:2C-V 14126:2C-T 14111:2C-P 14101:2C-O 14091:2C-N 14081:2C-I 14076:2C-H 14036:2C-G 14031:2C-F 14021:2C-E 14016:2C-D 14001:2C-C 13981:2C-B 13764:F-22 13711:5-HT 13634:PMID 13582:PMID 13544:PMID 13513:2024 13483:PMID 13448:PMID 13399:PMID 13363:PMID 13328:PMID 13279:PMID 13241:PMID 13215:JAMA 13192:PMID 13154:PMID 13092:PMID 13045:2021 13018:2018 12988:PMID 12939:PMID 12890:PMID 12839:PMID 12765:2011 12744:ISBN 12692:2016 12674:ISBN 12614:PMID 12557:PMID 12526:2021 12494:2023 12483:ISSN 12460:2024 12428:ISBN 12403:ISBN 12311:2024 12286:2024 12261:2024 12235:2024 12196:2012 12169:2013 12154:MAPS 12128:PMID 12083:2013 12071:Time 12052:2013 12015:2007 11960:PMID 11918:PMID 11887:2011 11857:PMID 11803:PMID 11765:PMID 11703:2017 11662:2011 11601:ISBN 11578:2018 11513:2021 11469:2020 11402:PMID 11367:PMID 11332:PMID 11297:PMID 11232:PMID 11130:PMID 11095:PMID 11060:PMID 10990:2016 10972:ISBN 10945:ISBN 10920:2016 10902:ISBN 10875:PMID 10840:PMID 10797:ISBN 10774:PMID 10723:PMID 10688:PMID 10653:PMID 10615:PMID 10564:PMID 10533:2020 10521:PDSP 10503:2016 10485:ISBN 10460:PMID 10406:PMID 10354:PMID 10304:2024 10278:2024 10252:2024 10226:2024 10196:PMID 10147:PMID 10098:PMID 10039:PMID 9997:PMID 9946:PMID 9905:PMID 9848:PMID 9803:2019 9742:PMID 9690:PMID 9649:PMID 9609:PMID 9551:PMID 9513:PMID 9460:2011 9413:PMID 9375:2016 9357:ISBN 9334:2019 9304:2011 9261:PMID 9208:2006 9163:PMID 9059:ISBN 9034:2008 9015:PMID 8933:PMID 8902:2017 8883:PMID 8829:ISBN 8802:ISBN 8777:ISBN 8773:1–19 8746:PMID 8694:PMID 8639:ISBN 8616:2011 8571:PMID 8528:PMID 8482:PMID 8439:PMID 8396:PMID 8319:PMID 8284:PMID 8234:PMID 8181:PMID 8103:2016 8085:ISBN 8064:2011 8045:PMID 8001:ISBN 7997:1419 7961:PMID 7927:2016 7909:ISBN 7888:2016 7870:ISBN 7849:2024 7818:PMID 7769:PMID 7722:2021 7706:OCLC 7696:ISBN 7675:2021 7633:2021 7603:PMID 7554:PMID 7505:PMID 7470:PMID 7424:PMID 7394:PMID 7334:PMID 7299:2019 7272:PMID 7222:PMID 7179:PMID 7139:ISBN 7114:PMID 7093:PMID 7064:PMID 7027:PMID 6990:PMID 6937:2011 6918:PMID 6888:2019 6858:PMID 6809:PMID 6761:2016 6743:ISBN 6711:2019 6684:PMID 6637:PMID 6592:2019 6555:PMID 6488:ISSN 6457:2011 6430:2011 6385:PMID 6351:2011 6330:ISBN 6301:2011 6285:PMID 6236:ISBN 6211:ISBN 6186:2011 6129:2023 6068:2017 6049:PMID 5962:PMID 5922:ISBN 5876:2016 5860:ISSN 5856:Life 5831:ISBN 5803:ISBN 5745:ISBN 5708:ISBN 5676:ISBN 5575:link 5561:2024 5535:PMID 5477:2011 5445:7942 5419:PMID 5353:PMID 5311:PMID 5257:ISBN 5226:PMID 5187:PMID 5127:PMID 5069:2023 5031:PMID 4980:PMID 4918:2016 4900:ISBN 4864:PMID 4808:PMID 4770:PMID 4706:PMID 4648:PMID 4472:and 4448:The 4349:5-HT 4340:and 4327:MDMA 4323:bias 4220:and 4201:and 3977:The 3918:and 3889:and 3840:caps 3778:taxa 3756:and 3734:and 3368:and 3360:and 3316:and 3287:bile 3269:and 3166:and 3152:mood 3076:5-HT 3069:5-HT 3067:and 3062:5-HT 3054:5-HT 3047:5-HT 2825:SERT 2733:5-HT 2720:5-HT 2707:5-HT 2694:5-HT 2681:5-HT 2668:5-HT 2655:5-HT 2642:5-HT 2629:5-HT 2616:5-HT 2603:5-HT 2590:5-HT 2577:5-HT 2517:and 2505:and 2369:and 2357:and 2323:, a 2274:.'" 2049:and 1950:and 1577:and 1478:and 1435:Life 1266:and 1100:and 1092:and 1081:and 757:KEGG 737:UNII 576:Oral 535:(as 533:Oral 513:Oral 474:UGTs 459:ALDH 437:and 383:Oral 372:data 286:None 199:USAN 127:-bin 25930:IAL 25689:LSD 25561:αMT 25206:NMT 25201:NET 25173:MPT 25153:MET 25098:EPT 25073:DPT 25068:DMT 25058:DET 25048:DBT 24008:LSD 23584:LSD 23446:LSD 22904:BZP 22388:DPT 22384:DMT 22376:DET 22317:BZP 22228:LSP 22224:LSH 22216:LSD 22212:LSB 22174:DOM 22170:DOI 22166:DOC 22162:DOB 22158:DOx 22127:αMT 22123:αET 22043:2Cs 21715:DPT 21711:DMT 21703:DET 21587:DOM 21583:DOI 21579:DOC 21575:DOB 21571:DOx 20921:DPT 20917:DMT 20909:DET 20864:BZP 20755:LSP 20751:LSH 20743:LSD 20739:LSB 20688:DOM 20684:DOI 20680:DOC 20676:DOB 20672:DOx 20641:αMT 20637:αET 20547:2Cs 20092:DMT 19976:LSD 19769:DMT 19318:DMT 19120:LSD 18596:κOR 18508:MOA 18412:), 18347:LSD 17490:HU- 17444:CP 17203:AM- 16327:MPT 16322:EPT 16307:DBT 16199:MET 16176:MET 16083:DPT 16054:DMT 15937:DMT 15858:DET 15752:BZP 15715:MMA 15665:BOD 15660:BOB 15575:TMA 15397:MDA 15332:MEM 15317:DON 15312:DOM 15302:DOI 15297:DOF 15282:DOC 15277:DOB 15272:DOT 15206:4C- 15162:3C- 14996:-NM 14516:NBF 14315:-NB 13970:2C- 13919:LSZ 13909:LSH 13899:LSD 13894:LSA 13759:F-2 13624:PMC 13616:doi 13574:doi 13536:doi 13532:335 13475:doi 13438:PMC 13430:doi 13391:doi 13355:doi 13318:PMC 13310:doi 13306:386 13302:BMJ 13271:doi 13267:384 13231:PMC 13223:doi 13219:330 13184:doi 13180:387 13144:PMC 13136:doi 13082:PMC 13072:doi 12978:PMC 12970:doi 12929:PMC 12921:doi 12880:PMC 12870:doi 12831:doi 12796:doi 12736:doi 12641:doi 12604:PMC 12596:doi 12592:142 12549:doi 12360:hdl 12350:doi 12118:PMC 12110:doi 12106:218 11952:doi 11910:doi 11849:doi 11845:195 11795:doi 11757:doi 11753:464 11730:doi 11726:286 11638:doi 11543:doi 11445:doi 11394:doi 11390:118 11359:doi 11355:796 11324:doi 11320:534 11289:doi 11285:113 11224:doi 11220:709 11193:doi 11181:527 11157:doi 11153:593 11122:doi 11087:doi 11083:694 11052:doi 11013:doi 10867:doi 10830:doi 10764:PMC 10754:doi 10715:doi 10680:doi 10645:doi 10605:PMC 10595:doi 10556:doi 10450:PMC 10440:doi 10396:PMC 10388:doi 10344:PMC 10334:doi 10296:UNC 10270:UNC 10186:PMC 10178:doi 10174:231 10137:PMC 10129:doi 10125:341 10088:PMC 10078:doi 10031:doi 9987:PMC 9977:doi 9936:doi 9895:PMC 9887:doi 9838:PMC 9830:doi 9779:doi 9732:PMC 9724:doi 9680:doi 9641:doi 9599:PMC 9589:doi 9543:doi 9503:PMC 9495:doi 9405:doi 9251:PMC 9235:doi 9155:doi 9151:187 9113:doi 9055:101 9005:PMC 8997:doi 8925:doi 8875:doi 8736:PMC 8728:doi 8684:PMC 8676:doi 8563:doi 8520:doi 8474:doi 8431:doi 8388:doi 8353:doi 8276:doi 8272:132 8226:doi 8173:doi 8123:112 8037:doi 7953:doi 7808:PMC 7800:doi 7759:PMC 7749:doi 7663:217 7593:PMC 7585:doi 7544:PMC 7536:doi 7497:doi 7493:143 7460:doi 7456:152 7420:151 7384:PMC 7376:doi 7326:doi 7264:doi 7214:doi 7210:435 7171:doi 7085:doi 7081:262 7056:doi 7019:doi 7015:131 6982:doi 6848:PMC 6840:doi 6799:PMC 6791:doi 6676:doi 6672:172 6627:PMC 6619:doi 6615:218 6547:doi 6480:doi 6377:doi 6269:doi 6167:doi 6155:303 6098:doi 6039:PMC 6031:doi 5997:doi 5954:doi 5950:137 5778:doi 5625:doi 5598:2/3 5525:PMC 5515:doi 5503:632 5409:PMC 5399:doi 5345:doi 5301:PMC 5293:doi 5249:doi 5218:doi 5177:PMC 5167:doi 5117:doi 5021:PMC 5011:doi 4970:PMC 4960:doi 4856:doi 4842:376 4800:doi 4760:PMC 4752:doi 4698:doi 4638:PMC 4630:doi 4626:142 4016:). 3858:or 3447:or 3045:to 2919:NRA 2904:NET 2882:DRA 2867:DAT 2840:SRA 2623:44 2513:in 2460:to 2456:of 2383:pKa 2051:DOM 1897:(LD 1663:by 1294:in 1165:at 1045:of 822:EPA 676:CID 519:min 444:MAO 425:ALP 399:66% 230:Low 218:Low 37:INN 26065:: 26030:, 26026:, 26002:, 25998:, 25994:, 25990:, 25846:, 25842:, 25838:, 25834:, 25830:, 25826:, 25822:, 25778:, 25774:, 25770:, 25766:, 25762:, 25745:, 25741:, 25737:, 25733:, 25729:, 25725:, 25721:, 25717:, 25713:, 25543:α, 25530:α, 25517:α, 24558:2, 24381:, 24351:, 24347:, 24343:, 24339:, 24335:, 24321:, 24317:, 24303:, 24299:, 24295:, 24206:, 24202:, 24198:, 24194:, 24190:, 24186:, 24182:, 24178:, 24174:, 24170:, 24166:, 24137:, 24133:, 24129:, 24125:, 24121:, 24117:, 24113:, 24109:, 24105:, 24101:, 24097:, 24093:, 24068:, 24064:, 24060:, 23939:, 23935:, 23931:, 23906:, 23892:, 23888:, 23884:, 23870:, 23726:, 23722:, 23718:, 23714:, 23710:, 23706:, 23702:, 23662:, 23658:, 23654:, 23650:, 23646:, 23642:, 23638:, 23634:, 23630:, 23626:, 23622:, 23618:, 23594:, 23590:, 23586:, 23582:, 23578:, 23574:, 23570:, 23519:, 23444:, 23440:, 23418:5A 23180:, 23176:, 23137:, 23133:, 23024:, 23020:, 22970:, 22966:, 22962:, 22948:, 22944:, 22910:, 22906:, 22882:, 22878:, 22815:, 22780:, 22776:, 22772:, 22768:, 22754:, 22725:, 22721:, 22717:, 22713:, 22709:, 22575:, 22571:, 22567:, 22563:, 22559:, 22555:, 22551:, 22497:, 22493:, 22489:, 22485:, 22481:, 22477:, 22473:, 22469:, 22465:, 22461:, 22457:, 22453:, 22398:, 22394:, 22390:, 22386:, 22382:, 22378:, 22374:, 22370:, 22366:, 22327:, 22323:, 22319:, 22315:, 22301:, 22262:, 22258:, 22254:, 22230:, 22226:, 22222:, 22218:, 22214:, 22210:, 22206:, 22202:, 22198:, 22194:, 22190:, 22186:, 22172:, 22168:, 22164:, 22125:, 22121:, 22117:, 22113:, 22109:, 22105:, 22091:, 22087:, 22083:, 22079:, 22065:, 22061:, 22057:, 22053:, 22049:, 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