171:. First, the complex communication protocol Profibus FMS (Field bus Message Specification), which was tailored for demanding communication tasks, was specified. Subsequently, in 1993, the specification for the simpler and thus considerably faster protocol PROFIBUS DP (Decentralised Peripherals) was completed. Profibus FMS is used for (non-deterministic) communication of data between Profibus Masters. Profibus DP is a protocol made for (deterministic) communication between Profibus masters and their remote I/O slaves.
92:
2773:
29:
192:
limited by this feature. PA has a data transmission rate of 31.25 kbit/s. However, PA uses the same protocol as DP, and can be linked to a DP network using a coupler device. The much faster DP acts as a backbone network for transmitting process signals to the controller. This means that DP and PA can work tightly together, especially in hybrid applications where process and factory automation networks operate side by side.
801:
is suitable, and if the systems change quickly then effective communication will happen through faster speed. The RS485 balanced transmission used in PROFIBUS DP only allows 31 devices to be connected at once; however, more devices (up to 126) can be connected or the network expanded with the use of hubs or repeaters (4 hubs or repeaters to reach 126). A Hub or a
Repeater is also counted as a device.
847:(PROFIBUS User Organisation, or PNO) was created in 1989. This group was composed mainly of manufacturers and users from Europe. In 1992, the first regional PROFIBUS organisation was founded (PROFIBUS Schweiz in Switzerland). In the following years, additional Regional PROFIBUS & PROFINET Associations (RPAs) were added.
353:
Each byte has even parity and is transferred asynchronously with a start and stop bit. There may not be a pause between a stop bit and the following start bit when the bytes of a telegram are transmitted. The master signals the start of a new telegram with a SYN pause of at least 33 bits (logical "1"
800:
uses two core screened cable with a violet sheath, and runs at speeds between 9.6 kbit/s and 12 Mbit/s. A particular speed can be chosen for a network to give enough time for communication with all the devices present in the network. If systems change slowly then lower communication speed
788:
With MBP (Manchester Bus
Powered) transmission technology, data and field bus power are fed through the same cable. The power can be reduced in such a way that use in explosion-hazardous environments is possible. The bus topology can be up to 1900 m long and permits branching to field devices
823:
Profiles are pre-defined configurations of the functions and features available from PROFIBUS for use in specific devices or applications. They are specified by PI working groups and published by PI. Profiles are important for openness, interoperability and interchangeability, so that the end user
850:
In 1995, all the RPAs joined together under the international umbrella association
Profibus and Profinet International (PI). Today, PROFIBUS is represented by 25 RPAs around the world (including PNO) with over 1400 members, including most if not all major automation vendors and service suppliers,
191:
0 and 1). The
Physical Layer (i.e. the cable) conforms to IEC 61158-2, which allows power to be delivered over the bus to field instruments, while limiting current flows so that explosive conditions are not created, even if a malfunction occurs. The number of devices attached to a PA segment is
831:, Robots and Numerically Controlled machines, for example. Profiles also exist for applications such as using HART and wireless with PROFIBUS, and process automation devices via PROFIBUS PA. Other profiles have been specified for Motion Control (PROFIdrive) and Functional Safety (
807:
runs at fixed speed of 31.25 kbit/s via blue sheathed two core screened cable. The communication may be initiated to minimise the risk of explosion or for the systems that intrinsically need safe equipment. The message formats in PROFIBUS PA are identical to PROFIBUS DP.
181:(Decentralised Peripherals) is used to operate sensors and actuators via a centralised controller in production (factory) automation applications. The many standard diagnostic options, in particular, are focused on here.
154:
The history of PROFIBUS goes back to a publicly promoted plan from Marco Todaro for an association which started in
Germany in 1986 and for which 18 companies and institutes devised a master project plan called
793:
For data transfer via sliding contacts for mobile devices or optical or radio data transmission in open spaces, products from various manufacturers can be obtained, however they do not conform to any standard.
824:
can be sure that similar equipments from different vendors perform in a standardised way. User choice also encourages competition that drives vendors towards enhanced performance and lower costs.
163:
field bus based on the basic requirements of the field device interfaces. For this purpose, member companies agreed to support a common technical concept for production (i.e. discrete or factory
187:(Process Automation) is used to monitor measuring equipment via a process control system in process automation applications. This variant is designed for use in explosion/hazardous areas (
789:(max. 60 m branches). The bit rate here is a fixed 31.25 kbit/s. This technology was specially established for use in process automation for PROFIBUS PA.
667:
Change
Station Address (Set_Slave_Add) – SAP55 is optional and may be disabled if the slave doesn't provide non-volatile storage memory for the station address.
350:
with a master/slave method. In a PROFIBUS DP network, the controllers or process control systems are the masters and the sensors and actuators are the slaves.
188:
2810:
1546:
1419:
174:
There are two variations of PROFIBUS in use today; the most commonly used PROFIBUS DP, and the lesser used, application specific, PROFIBUS PA:
2768:
Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.
1929:
2213:
2741:
1124:"Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 6-3: Application layer protocol specification - Type 3 elements"
2370:
1241:"Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 4-3: Data-link layer protocol specification - Type 3 elements"
2233:
1103:"Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 5-3: Application layer service definition - Type 3 elements"
766:
is limited from 100 to 1200 m, depending on the bit rate used. This transmission method is primarily used with PROFIBUS DP.
2040:
1914:
1707:
1447:
1220:"Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 3-3: Data-link layer service definition - Type 3 elements"
1277:
893:
952:
196:
In excess of 30 million PROFIBUS nodes were installed by the end of 2009. 5 million of these are in the process industries.
2421:
2092:
1082:"Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications - Part 2: Physical layer specification and service definition"
785:
are used. The distance between the repeaters can be up to 15 km. The ring topology can also be executed redundantly.
2127:
2474:
2313:
2243:
1541:
1412:
1370:"Industrial communication networks - Profiles - Part 5-3: Installation of fieldbuses - Installation profiles for CPF 3"
1329:
1203:
1178:
1062:
1010:
982:
2303:
1519:
936:
2401:
1951:
1832:
1737:
1514:
2805:
2193:
1727:
2795:
2745:
2396:
2365:
1499:
1405:
2018:
886:
Decentralization with PROFIBUS DP/DPV1: Architecture and
Fundamentals, Configuration and Use with SIMATIC S7
2343:
1777:
1767:
1428:
865:
1148:
2669:
2608:
2463:
1981:
1452:
2268:
2033:
1986:
1659:
1457:
2638:
2323:
1732:
1641:
1348:
1296:
1029:
616:, calculated by simply adding up the bytes within the specified length. An overflow is ignored here.
330:
1712:
1664:
747:
2776:
2751:
2643:
2298:
1944:
1862:
1802:
1772:
2333:
1529:
2800:
2597:
2550:
2406:
2178:
2026:
1976:
1534:
2593:
2446:
2328:
2002:
613:
591:
578:
346:(Field bus Data Link) servicesand protocols work with a hybrid access method that combines
8:
2505:
2060:
1674:
1524:
207:
143:
2049:
1504:
1489:
168:
2495:
2117:
2053:
1556:
1369:
1325:
1273:
1240:
1219:
1199:
1174:
1123:
1102:
1058:
1006:
978:
889:
2228:
1875:
1870:
1697:
1611:
1081:
909:
828:
2358:
2208:
2188:
2063:
1996:
1654:
1055:
Catching the
Process Fieldbus: An Introduction to Profibus for Process Automation
53:
315:
To use these functions, various service levels of the DP protocol were defined:
2659:
2353:
2278:
2203:
2107:
2082:
2789:
2731:
2618:
2510:
2458:
2441:
2223:
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2112:
2087:
2048:
1484:
782:
774:
347:
91:
2468:
2411:
2263:
2168:
1782:
1571:
1551:
1442:
778:
770:
755:
743:
357:
Various telegram types are used. They can be differentiated by their start
63:
1196:
PROFIBUS in
Practice: System Engineering, Trouble-shooting and Maintenance
2736:
2715:
2633:
2478:
2416:
2391:
2318:
2102:
2097:
1906:
1820:
1815:
1509:
938:
Milestones: PROFIBUS - 20 years of standards for industrial communication
326:
107:
2555:
910:"Industrial communication networks - Profiles Part 1: Fieldbus profiles"
2589:
2288:
2077:
1631:
1616:
1479:
1397:
762:
from 9.6 kbit/s to 12 Mbit/s can be used. The cable length between two
164:
160:
127:
82:
1372:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2018. IEC 61784-5-3
1243:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2019. IEC 61158-4-3
1222:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2014. IEC 61158-3-3
1126:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2019. IEC 61158-6-3
1105:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2014. IEC 61158-5-3
734:
Three different methods are specified for the bit-transmission layer:
249:
2613:
2603:
2570:
2565:
2500:
2375:
2163:
2148:
2143:
1971:
1966:
1939:
1934:
1919:
1885:
1880:
1842:
1837:
1810:
1757:
1649:
1576:
1472:
832:
358:
1267:
1084:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2022. IEC 61158-2
912:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2019. IEC 61784-1
28:
2560:
2293:
2153:
1991:
1852:
1621:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1561:
1494:
860:
812:
763:
759:
537:
Repetition of length of protocol data unit, (Hamming distance = 4)
156:
139:
123:
827:
There are PROFIBUS profiles for
Encoders, Laboratory instruments,
2756:
2710:
2694:
2520:
2338:
2283:
2218:
2173:
1956:
1924:
1747:
1722:
1692:
1626:
1586:
1566:
1467:
1462:
1351:. Profibus and Profinet International (PI). 2020. Order no. 8.022
1299:. Profibus and Profinet International (PI). 2022. Order no. 8.032
1032:. Profibus and Profinet International (PI). 2020. Order no. 8.012
955:. Profibus and Profinet International (PI). 2016. Order no. 4.332
739:
296:
135:
2689:
2580:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2348:
2238:
2198:
2158:
2007:
1895:
1890:
1847:
1792:
1787:
1752:
1687:
1682:
1581:
146:. Profibus is openly published as type 3 of IEC 61158/61784-1.
134:(German department of education and research) and then used by
2674:
2585:
811:
Note: PROFIBUS DP and PROFIBUS PA should not be confused with
2684:
2575:
2515:
2453:
2426:
2308:
2258:
2183:
1961:
1717:
1702:
527:
Length of protocol data unit, (incl. DA, SA, FC, DSAP, SSAP)
1392:
1322:
PROFIBUS in Practice: Installing PROFIBUS devices and cables
2679:
2664:
2525:
2436:
2431:
2273:
1827:
1762:
1591:
1151:. Profibus and Profinet International (PI). Order no. 4.072
935:
Bender, Klaus; Freitag, Jörg; Lindner, Klaus-Peter (2009).
131:
953:"PROFIBUS Technology and Application – System Description"
284:
238:
2628:
2253:
2248:
1742:
751:
1149:"The New Rapid Way to PROFIBUS DP - From DP-V0 to DP-V2"
729:
159:". The goal was to implement and spread the use of a
975:
PROFIBUS in Practice: System Architecture and Design
934:
322:DP-V1 for acyclic data exchange and alarm handling
310:
2787:
691:Control Commands to a DP Slave (Global_Control)
337:
2371:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
1324:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
1198:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
977:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
319:DP-V0 for cyclic exchange of data and diagnosis
1052:
883:
303:
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232:
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2034:
1413:
941:. Karlsruhe: PROFIBUS Nutzerorganisation e.V.
130:technology and was first promoted in 1989 by
1362:
1233:
1212:
1171:PROFIBUS in Practice: Standard and Operation
1116:
1095:
1076:
1074:
203:
2041:
2027:
1420:
1406:
996:
994:
1343:
1341:
1291:
1289:
1261:
1259:
1257:
1142:
1140:
1071:
902:
884:Weigmann, Josef; Kilian, Gerhard (2003).
738:With electrical transmission pursuant to
659:Master-to-Master SAP (M-M Communication)
651:Cyclical Data Exchange (Write_Read_Data)
1427:
1024:
1022:
1000:
632:
218:
90:
39:PROFIBUS&PROFINET International (PI)
1315:
1313:
1053:Powel, James; Vandeline, Henry (2012).
1048:
1046:
991:
877:
707:Read Diagnostic Data (Slave_Diagnosis)
396:
2811:Computer-related introductions in 1989
2788:
1338:
1286:
1265:
1254:
1137:
930:
928:
926:
2022:
1401:
1393:PROFIBUS & PROFINET International
1019:
945:
715:Send Parameterization Data (Set_Prm)
138:. It should not be confused with the
1310:
1187:
1162:
1146:
1043:
730:Bit-transmission layer (OSI-Layer 1)
446:
1319:
1193:
1168:
972:
966:
923:
723:Check Configuration Data (Chk_Cfg)
603:Protocol Data Unit (protocol data)
13:
699:Read Configuration Data (Get_Cfg)
329:mode and data exchange broadcast (
14:
2822:
1386:
2772:
2771:
1952:Factory Instrumentation Protocol
1833:Factory Instrumentation Protocol
1515:Factory Instrumentation Protocol
845:PROFIBUS Nutzerorganisation e.V.
27:
1349:"PROFIBUS Cabling and Assembly"
838:
497:
494:
491:
474:
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427:
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421:
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389:
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311:Application layer (OSI-Layer 7)
769:With optical transmission via
1:
2366:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect
871:
338:Data link layer (OSI-Layer 2)
199:
95:Profibus electrical connector
2344:Intel QuickPath Interconnect
2334:Direct Media Interface (DMI)
866:List of automation protocols
7:
1982:Unified Diagnostic Services
1453:CC-Link Industrial Networks
1173:. Independently Published.
854:
851:along with many end users.
818:
636:
508:
488:
453:
403:
371:
10:
2827:
2329:Compute Express Link (CXL)
1500:Ethernet Global Data (EGD)
364:
2765:
2724:
2703:
2652:
2566:IEEE-1284 (parallel port)
2488:
2481:logical device interface)
2384:
2136:
2070:
1904:
1861:
1801:
1673:
1642:Industrial control system
1640:
1435:
1001:Mitchell, Ronald (2003).
504:
215:
149:
78:
70:
59:
48:
43:
35:
26:
21:
1297:"PROFIBUS Commissioning"
1003:PROFIBUS: A Pocket Guide
481:
333:-to-slave communication)
1863:Automatic meter reading
1803:Power-system automation
683:Read Outputs (Rd_Outp)
626:End Delimiter (= 0x16)
614:Frame Checking Sequence
16:Communications protocol
2128:List of bus bandwidths
1147:Popp, Manfred (2003).
96:
2806:Industrial automation
1977:Keyword Protocol 2000
675:Read Inputs (Rd_Inp)
633:Service Access Points
94:
2796:Industrial computing
2571:IEEE-1394 (FireWire)
2309:PCI Extended (PCI-X)
1429:Automation protocols
1266:Felser, Max (2017).
592:Service Access Point
579:Service Access Point
557:Destination Address
397:Variable length data
342:The data link layer
122:) is a standard for
85:or hardware/software
44:Protocol information
2412:Parallel ATA (PATA)
1675:Building automation
1525:FOUNDATION fieldbus
212:
208:OSI reference model
206:PROFIBUS Protocol (
144:Industrial Ethernet
102:(usually styled as
2319:PCI Express (PCIe)
1505:Ethernet Powerlink
1436:Process automation
1057:. Momentum Press.
204:
169:process automation
97:
2783:
2782:
2769:
2496:Apple Desktop Bus
2473:PCI Express (via
2432:Serial ATA (SATA)
2118:Network on a chip
2016:
2015:
1279:978-3-8442-1435-2
1030:"PROFIBUS Design"
895:978-3-89578-218-3
829:Intelligent pumps
727:
726:
630:
629:
502:
501:
479:
478:
447:Fixed length data
444:
443:
394:
393:
308:
307:
126:communication in
89:
88:
79:Device addressing
2818:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2229:HP Precision Bus
2043:
2036:
2029:
2020:
2019:
1612:SERCOS interface
1422:
1415:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1366:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1320:Xiu, Ji (2013).
1317:
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1228:
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1216:
1210:
1209:
1194:Xiu, Ji (2013).
1191:
1185:
1184:
1169:Xiu, Ji (2019).
1166:
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1159:
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1016:
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989:
988:
973:Xiu, Ji (2015).
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964:
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517:Start Delimiter
509:
489:
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404:
372:
213:
71:Network topology
31:
19:
18:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2820:
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2817:
2816:
2815:
2786:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2770:
2761:
2720:
2699:
2648:
2561:IEEE-488 (GPIB)
2484:
2380:
2359:Infinity Fabric
2189:Europe Card Bus
2132:
2066:
2047:
2017:
2012:
1900:
1857:
1797:
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1636:
1431:
1426:
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1272:. epubli GmbH.
1269:PROFIBUS Manual
1264:
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1234:
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821:
783:ring-topologies
732:
635:
567:Source Address
507:
484:
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367:
340:
313:
202:
152:
54:Process Control
49:Type of network
17:
12:
11:
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2677:
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2670:Intel HD Audio
2667:
2662:
2660:ADAT Lightpipe
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2354:HyperTransport
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2110:
2108:Bus contention
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2083:Front-side bus
2080:
2074:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2064:computer buses
2046:
2045:
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1881:DLMS/IEC 62056
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1387:External links
1385:
1383:
1382:
1361:
1337:
1331:978-1481245210
1330:
1309:
1285:
1278:
1253:
1232:
1211:
1205:978-1493614684
1204:
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1180:978-1793076830
1179:
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1136:
1115:
1094:
1070:
1064:978-1606503966
1063:
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1012:978-1556178627
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984:978-1507633045
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754:are used in a
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640:SAP (Decimal)
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611:
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601:
595:
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588:
582:
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547:Function Code
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60:Physical media
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37:
36:Governing body
33:
32:
24:
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15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2823:
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2764:
2758:
2755:
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2732:Multidrop bus
2730:
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2717:
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2642:
2640:
2639:External PCIe
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2619:Parallel SCSI
2617:
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2612:
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2599:
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2534:
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2512:
2511:Commodore bus
2509:
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2499:
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2459:Fibre Channel
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2139:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2123:Plug and play
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2113:Bus mastering
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
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2099:
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2088:Back-side bus
2086:
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1905:Automobile /
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1552:Honeywell SDS
1550:
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1547:HART Protocol
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541:
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536:
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520:
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490:
487:
468:
455:
452:
433:
412:
409:
405:
402:
373:
370:
362:
360:
355:
354:= bus idle).
351:
349:
348:token passing
345:
332:
328:
324:
321:
318:
317:
316:
298:
288:
277:
269:
261:
253:
247:Presentation
242:
222:
214:
211:
209:
197:
190:
186:
183:
180:
177:
176:
175:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
147:
145:
142:standard for
141:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
93:
84:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
58:
55:
51:
47:
42:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
2801:Serial buses
2623:
2264:TURBOchannel
2054:
1572:MECHATROLINK
1374:. Retrieved
1364:
1353:. Retrieved
1321:
1301:. Retrieved
1268:
1245:. Retrieved
1235:
1224:. Retrieved
1214:
1195:
1189:
1170:
1164:
1153:. Retrieved
1128:. Retrieved
1118:
1107:. Retrieved
1097:
1086:. Retrieved
1054:
1034:. Retrieved
1002:
974:
968:
957:. Retrieved
947:
937:
914:. Retrieved
904:
885:
879:
849:
844:
842:
839:Organization
826:
822:
810:
804:
803:
797:
796:
792:
771:fiber optics
756:bus topology
746:cables with
744:twisted pair
733:
621:
608:
598:
585:
577:Destination
572:
562:
552:
542:
532:
522:
512:
485:
450:
400:
368:
356:
352:
343:
341:
314:
227:Application
205:
195:
184:
178:
173:
153:
119:
115:
111:
103:
99:
98:
64:Twisted pair
52:Device Bus,
2737:CoreConnect
2716:ExpressCard
2644:Thunderbolt
2634:Camera Link
2417:Bus and Tag
2103:Address bus
2098:Control bus
2093:Daisy chain
1999:(SAE J2716)
1871:ANSI C12.18
1821:IEC 60870-6
1816:IEC 60870-5
1510:EtherNet/IP
888:. Siemens.
805:PROFIBUS PA
798:PROFIBUS DP
486:SD4 = 0xDC
451:SD3 = 0xA2
401:SD2 = 0x68
369:SD1 = 0x10
327:isochronous
239:Management
185:PROFIBUS PA
179:PROFIBUS DP
108:portmanteau
2790:Categories
2590:ACCESS.bus
2489:Peripheral
2289:InfiniBand
2284:HP GSC bus
2078:System bus
1632:TTEthernet
1617:SERCOS III
1480:ControlNet
1376:2023-02-09
1355:2023-02-09
1303:2023-02-09
1247:2023-02-09
1226:2023-02-09
1155:2023-02-09
1130:2023-02-09
1109:2023-02-09
1088:2023-02-09
1036:2023-02-09
959:2023-02-09
916:2020-04-28
872:References
748:impedances
648:Default 0
325:DP-V2 for
282:Data Link
266:Transport
216:OSI-Layer
200:Technology
165:automation
161:bit-serial
128:automation
83:DIP switch
2551:Lightning
2501:Atari SIO
2376:SpaceWire
2209:Zorro III
2149:S-100 bus
2144:SS-50 bus
2137:Standards
2057:standards
2050:Technical
1940:NMEA 2000
1935:SAE J1939
1930:ARINC 825
1920:ARINC 429
1876:IEC 61107
1843:IEC 62351
1838:IEC 61850
1811:IEC 60870
1758:OpenTherm
1650:MTConnect
1577:MelsecNet
1490:DirectNET
1473:DeviceNet
833:PROFIsafe
764:repeaters
760:Bit rates
359:delimiter
293:Physical
219:PROFIBUS
2777:Category
2752:Wishbone
2725:Embedded
2704:Portable
2624:Profibus
2556:DMX512-A
2442:Parallel
2294:Ethernet
2204:Zorro II
2154:Multibus
2055:de facto
1853:PROFIBUS
1622:Sinec H1
1607:RAPIEnet
1602:PROFINET
1597:PROFIBUS
1562:INTERBUS
1557:HostLink
1495:EtherCAT
861:Fieldbus
855:See also
819:Profiles
813:PROFINET
643:SERVICE
301:Optical
274:Network
258:Session
157:fieldbus
140:Profinet
124:fieldbus
104:PROFIBUS
100:Profibus
22:Profibus
2757:SLIMbus
2711:PC Card
2695:TOSLINK
2385:Storage
2339:RapidIO
2219:FASTBUS
2174:STD Bus
2071:General
1957:FlexRay
1925:CAN bus
1907:Vehicle
1748:LonTalk
1723:EnOcean
1693:BatiBUS
1660:OPC HDA
1627:SynqNet
1587:Optomux
1567:IO-Link
1542:GE SRTP
1468:CANopen
1463:CAN bus
1005:. ISA.
750:of 150
740:EIA-485
590:Source
365:No data
297:EIA-485
189:Ex-zone
136:Siemens
106:, as a
66:, fiber
2690:S/PDIF
2581:1-Wire
2546:RS-485
2541:RS-423
2536:RS-422
2531:RS-232
2392:ST-506
2349:NVLink
2199:STEbus
2159:Unibus
2008:Cyphal
1896:Zigbee
1891:Modbus
1848:Modbus
1793:Zigbee
1788:Z-Wave
1753:Modbus
1688:BACnet
1683:1-Wire
1665:OPC UA
1655:OPC DA
1582:Modbus
1328:
1276:
1202:
1177:
1061:
1009:
981:
892:
505:Fields
361:(SD):
167:) and
150:Origin
2685:McASP
2653:Audio
2598:SMBus
2594:PMBus
2576:UNI/O
2516:HP-IL
2469:SATAe
2454:ESCON
2427:HIPPI
2259:NuBus
2214:CAMAC
2184:Q-Bus
2179:SMBus
2164:VAXBI
2061:wired
1972:J1708
1967:J1587
1962:IEBus
1886:M-Bus
1718:DyNet
1703:CEBus
1698:C-Bus
775:star-
482:Token
431:SSAP
428:DSAP
331:slave
236:DPV2
233:DPV1
230:DPV0
114:cess
2742:AMBA
2680:MADI
2665:AES3
2526:MIDI
2479:NVMe
2475:AHCI
2437:SCSI
2422:DSSI
2397:ESDI
2274:SBus
2234:EISA
2169:MBus
2059:for
2052:and
1997:SENT
1992:MOST
1915:AFDX
1828:DNP3
1768:VSCP
1763:oBIX
1708:DALI
1592:PieP
1520:FINS
1485:DF-1
1448:BSAP
1443:AS-i
1326:ISBN
1274:ISBN
1200:ISBN
1175:ISBN
1059:ISBN
1007:ISBN
979:ISBN
890:ISBN
843:The
781:and
779:bus-
752:ohms
586:SSAP
573:DSAP
492:SD4
472:FCS
469:PDU
457:SD3
437:FCS
434:PDU
416:SD2
387:FCS
375:SD1
304:MBP
285:FDL
132:BMBF
118:eld
110:for
2746:AXI
2675:I²S
2629:USB
2614:D²B
2609:SPI
2604:I3C
2586:I²C
2521:HIL
2506:DCB
2477:or
2464:SSA
2447:SAS
2407:SMD
2402:IPI
2324:AGP
2314:PXI
2304:PCI
2299:UPA
2279:VLB
2269:MCA
2254:VPX
2249:VXS
2244:VXI
2239:VME
2224:LPC
2194:ISA
2003:VAN
1987:LIN
1945:FMS
1783:xPL
1778:xAP
1773:X10
1743:KNX
1738:FIP
1733:EIB
1728:EHS
1713:DSI
1535:HSE
1458:CIP
835:).
720:62
712:61
704:60
696:59
688:58
680:57
672:56
664:55
656:54
609:FCS
599:PDU
533:LEr
498:SA
495:DA
475:ED
466:FC
463:SA
460:DA
440:ED
425:FC
422:SA
419:DA
413:LEr
407:SD2
390:ED
384:FC
381:SA
378:DA
344:FDL
250:--
120:Bus
112:Pro
74:Bus
2792::
2596:,
2592:,
1530:H1
1340:^
1312:^
1288:^
1256:^
1139:^
1073:^
1045:^
1021:^
993:^
925:^
815:.
777:,
773:,
758:.
742:,
622:ED
563:SA
553:DA
543:FC
523:LE
513:SD
410:LE
290:1
279:2
271:3
263:4
255:5
244:6
224:7
116:Fi
2748:)
2744:(
2600:)
2588:(
2042:e
2035:t
2028:v
1421:e
1414:t
1407:v
1379:.
1358:.
1334:.
1306:.
1282:.
1250:.
1229:.
1208:.
1183:.
1158:.
1133:.
1112:.
1091:.
1067:.
1039:.
1015:.
987:.
962:.
919:.
898:.
210:)
155:"
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