Fieldbus - Knowledge

691:, concentrates less on commonality, and achieves its primary purpose—elimination of restraint of trade between nations. Issues of commonality are now left to the international consortia that support each of the fieldbus standard types. Almost as soon as it was approved, the IEC standards development work ceased and the committee was dissolved. A new IEC committee SC65C/MT-9 was formed to resolve the conflicts in form and substance within the more than 4000 pages of IEC 61158. The work on the above protocol types is substantially complete. New protocols, such as for safety fieldbuses or real-time Ethernet fieldbuses are being accepted into the definition of the international fieldbus standard during a typical 5-year maintenance cycle. In the 2008 version of the standard, the fieldbus types are reorganized into Communication Profile Families (CPFs). 2941:

responsible for fully specifying how messages are assembled ready for transmission by the physical layer, error handling, message-filtering and bus arbitration and how these standards are to be implemented in hardware. The application layer standard, in general defines how the data communication layers are interfaced to the application that wishes to communicate. It describes message specifications, network management implementations and response to the request from the application of services. Layers three to six are not described in fieldbus standards.

480:) forms the common application layer of these three industrial networks. DeviceNet, ControlNet and Ethernet/IP are therefore well coordinated and provide the user with a graded communication system for the management level (EtherNet/IP), cell level (ControlNet) and field level (DeviceNet). DeviceNet is an object-oriented bus system and operates according to the producer/consumer method. DeviceNet devices can be client (master) or server (slave) or both. Clients and servers can be Producer, Consumer or both. 205: 2924:

parameters can be communicated per device in a fieldbus network whereas only one parameter can be transmitted on a 4–20 mA connection. A fieldbus also provides a good foundation for the creation of a predictive and proactive maintenance strategy. The diagnostics available from fieldbus devices can be used to address issues with devices before they become critical problems.

476:(Open DeviceNet Vendor Association) as an open fieldbus standard based on the CAN protocol. DeviceNet is standardised in the European standard EN 50325. Specification and maintenance of the DeviceNet standard is the responsibility of ODVA. Like ControlNet and EtherNet/IP, DeviceNet belongs to the family of CIP-based networks. CIP ( 2949:

Different fieldbuses offer different sets of features and performance. It is difficult to make a general comparison of fieldbus performance because of fundamental differences in data transfer methodology. In the comparison table below it is simply noted if the fieldbus in question typically supports

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In June 1999 the IEC's Committee of Action (CA) decided to take a new structure for the fieldbus standards beginning with a first edition valid at the January 1, 2000, in time for the new millennium: There is a large IEC 61158 standard, where all fieldbuses find their place. The experts have decided

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developed a serial bus to connect spacially distributed inputs and outputs to a centralized controller. The controller send one frame over a physical ring, which contains all input and output data. The cable has 5 wires: beside the ground signal two wires for the outgoing frame and two wires for the

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Despite each technology sharing the generic name of fieldbus the various fieldbuses are not readily interchangeable. The differences between them are so profound that they cannot be easily connected to each other. To understand the differences among fieldbus standards, it is necessary to understand

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For each technology the physical medium and the physical layer standards fully describe, in detail, the implementation of bit timing, synchronization, encoding/decoding, band rate, bus length and the physical connection of the transceiver to the communication wires. The data link layer standard is

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with 4-20 mA to the controlling device. This allows not only to transmit the measured value with the level of the current, but also provide the required electrical power to the field device with just one two-wire cable of a length of more than a thousand meters. These systems are also installed in

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The protocol families of each brand name are called Communication Profile Family and are abbreviated as CPF with a number. Each protocol family can now define fieldbuses, real-time Ethernet solutions, installation rules and protocols for functional safety. These possible profile families are laid

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It is clear that this collection of fieldbus standards in IEC 61158 is not suitable for implementation. It must be supplemented with instructions for use. These instructions show how and which parts of IEC 61158 can be assembled to a functioning system. This assembly instruction has been compiled

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standard is based on a French initiative in 1982 to create a requirements analysis for a future field bus standard. The study led to the European Eureka initiative for a field bus standard in June 1986 that included 13 partners. The development group (réseaux locaux industriels) created the first

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Requirements of fieldbus networks for process automation applications (flowmeters, pressure transmitters, and other measurement devices and control valves in industries such as hydrocarbon processing and power generation) are different from the requirements of fieldbus networks found in discrete

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As an example, we will search for the standards for PROFIBUS-DP. This belongs to the CPF 3 family and has the profile CP 3/1. In Table 5 we find that its protocol scope is defined in IEC 61784 Part 1. It uses protocol type 3, so the documents IEC 61158-3-3, 61158-4-3, 61158-5-3 and 61158-6-3 are

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In the 2019 edition of IEC 61158 up to 26 different types of protocols are specified. In IEC 61158 standardization, the use of brand names is avoided and replaced by dry technical terms and abbreviations. For example, Ethernet is replaced by the technically correct CSMA/CD or a reference to the

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Although fieldbus technology has been around since 1988, with the completion of the ISA S50.02 standard, the development of the international standard took many years. In 1999, the IEC SC65C/WG6 standards committee met to resolve difference in the draft IEC fieldbus standard. The result of this

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The amount of cabling required is much lower in fieldbus than in 4–20 mA installations. This is because many devices share the same set of cables in a multi-dropped fashion rather than requiring a dedicated set of cables per device as in the case of 4–20 mA devices. Moreover, several

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in process engineering. Profibus PA is a Profibus version with physical layer suitable for process automation, in which several segments (PA segments) with field instruments can be connected to Profibus DP via so-called couplers. The two-wire bus cable of these segments takes over not only the

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There were many competing technologies for fieldbuses and the original hope for one single unified communications mechanism has not been realized. This should not be unexpected since fieldbus technology needs to be implemented differently in different applications; automotive fieldbuses are

492:), the user and manufacturer association for CANopen, and has been standardized as European standard EN 50325-4 since the end of 2002. CANopen uses layers 1 and 2 of the CAN standard (ISO 11898-2) and extensions with regard to pin assignment, transmission rates and the application layer. 651:. In 1999 the communications protocol (then known as LonTalk) was submitted to ANSI and accepted as a standard for control networking (ANSI/CEA-709.1-B), in 2005 as EN 14908 (European building automation standard). The protocol is also one of several data link/physical layers of the 433:

The INTERBUS was very successful in the manufacturing industry with more than 22,9 million of devices installed in the field. The Interbus joined the Profinet technology for Ethernet-based fieldbus Profinet and the INTERBUS is now maintained by the Profibus Nutzerorganisation e.V.

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required for the protocol definitions. The physical interface is defined in the common 61158-2 under type 3. The installation regulations can be found in IEC 61784-5-3 in Appendix A. It can be combined with the FSCP3/1 as PROFIsafe, which is defined in the IEC 61784-3-3 standard.

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Due to its scope and complexity, MAP failed to make the big breakthrough. To reduce the complexity and reach faster processing with reduced resources the Enhanced Performance Architecture (EPA) MAP was developed in 1988. This MiniMap contains only levels 1,2 and 7 of the

312:(MMS) is an international standard ISO 9506 dealing with an application protocol and services for transferring real time process data and supervisory control information between networked devices or computer applications published as a first version in 1986. 747:

corresponding ISO standard 8802.3. This is also the case with fieldbus names, they all are replaced by type numbers. The reader will therefore never find a designation such as PROFIBUS or DeviceNet in the entire IEC 61158 fieldbus standard. In the section

456:(CAN). The concept of CAN was that every device can be connected by a single set of wires, and every device that is connected can freely exchange data with any other device. CAN soon migrated into the factory automation marketplace (with many others). 3542:(DCS) tend towards Foundation Fieldbus. PROFIBUS technology is made available through Profibus International with headquarters in Karlsruhe, Germany. Foundation Fieldbus technology is owned and distributed by the Fieldbus Foundation of Austin, Texas. 2857:

To avoid the manufacturer having to list all these standards explicitly, the reference to the profile is specified in the standard. In the case of our example for the PROFIBUS-DP, the specification of the relevant standards would therefore have to be

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Swiftnet, which is widely used in aircraft construction (Boeing), was included in the first edition of the standard. This later proves to be a mistake and in the 2007 edition 2 this protocol was removed from the standard. At the same time, the CPF 8

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proposal to be standardized in France. The name of the FIP field bus was originally given as an abbreviation of the French "Flux d'Information vers le Processus" while later referring to FIP with the English name "Factory Instrumentation Protocol".

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from different manufacturers. Depending on the application, the number of sensors and actuators vary from hundreds in one machine up to several thousands distributed over a large plant. The history of the fieldbus shows how to approach these goals.

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a fieldbus in these applications has to fulfill these requirements. A special standard for instrumentation IEC/EN 60079-27 is describing requirements for the Fieldbus Intrinsically Safe Concept (FISCO) for installations in zone 0, 1 or 2.

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Each part still contains several thousand pages. Therefore, these parts have been further subdivided into subparts. The individual protocols have simply been numbered with a type. Each protocol type thus has its own subpart if required.

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manufacturing applications such as automotive manufacturing, where large numbers of discrete sensors are used including motion sensors, position sensors, and so on. Discrete fieldbus networks are often referred to as "device networks".

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protocol and the number of data types are limited to those understood by PLCs at the time. Nevertheless, Modbus is (with its Modbus-TCP version) still one of the most used industrial networks, mainly in the building automation field.

550:(ISA) as SP50. Foundation Fieldbus today enjoys a growing installed base in many heavy process applications such as refining, petrochemicals, power generation, and even food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, and nuclear applications. 577:

transmission technology). Another special feature of Profibus PA is the widely used device profile "PA Devices" (PA Profile), in which the most important functions of the field devices are standardized across manufacturers.

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FIP has lost ground to Profibus which came to prevail the market in Europe in the following decade - the WorldFIP homepage has seen no press release since 2002. The closest cousin of the FIP family can be found today in the

901:, this standard has been taken apart and the communication part is integrated in IEC 61158/61784. The application part has been integrated together with other drive solutions into a special drive standard IEC 61800-7. 244:

permits 250 nodes on one segment with a total distance of 13.2 km. Bitbus has one master node and multiple slaves, with slaves only responding to requests from the master. Bitbus does not define routing at the

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Already in edition 2 of the fieldbus profile first profiles based on Ethernet as physical layer are included. All this new developed Real-time Ethernet (RTE) protocols are compiled in IEC 61784 Part 2 as

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was added. A new edition 4 is expected to be published in 2021. The standard has now 9 different safety profiles. They are all included and referenced in the global compliance table in the next section.

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in 1984. MAP became a LAN standardization proposal supported by many manufacturers and was mainly used in factory automation. MAP has used the 10 Mbit/s IEEE 802.4 token bus as transmission medium.

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A fieldbus is an industrial network system for real-time distributed control. It is a way to connect instruments in a manufacturing plant. A fieldbus works on a network structure which typically allows

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points to be connected at the same time. This reduces both the length of the cable required and the number of cables required. Furthermore, since devices that communicate through a fieldbus require a

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that the structure of IEC 61158 is maintained according to different layers, divided into services and protocols. The individual fieldbuses are incorporated into this structure as different types.

249:. The 8044 permits only a relatively small data packet (13 bytes), but embeds an efficient set of RAC (remote access and control) tasks and the ability to develop custom RAC tasks. In 1990, the 675:) 135 since 1995, a European standard, a national standard in many countries, and global ISO Standard 16484 since 2003. BACnet has in 2017 a market share of 60% in building automation market. 407:(DP) which reached a good acceptance in the manufacturing industry. 2016 the Profibus is one of the most installed fieldbuses in the world and reaches 60 millions of installed nodes in 2018. 4714: 4329: 4024: 792:

lists all fieldbuses which are proposed by the national standardization bodies. In the first edition in 2003 7 different Communication Profile Families (CPF) are introduced:

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automation the requirements for a fieldbus are to support short reaction times with only a few bits or bytes to be transmitted over not more than some hundreds of meters.

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solution is interesting in this context. This network from the field of axis control had its own standard IEC 61491. With the introduction of the Ethernet-based solution

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In order to find the corresponding subpart of the individual parts of the IEC 61158 standard, one must know the corresponding protocol type for a specific family.

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and can therefore be transmitted via different fieldbuses and networks. Depending on the actual profile the safety protocol does provide measures like counters,

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Mahalik, N.P.; Moore, P.R. (August 1, 1997). "Fieldbus technology based, distributed control in process industries: a case study with LonWorks Technology".

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in 1975. "It became known as the General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB), and became a de facto standard for automated and industrial instrument control".

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IEC 61158-1:2019 Industrial communication networks – Fieldbus specifications – Part 1: Overview and guidance for the IEC 61158 and IEC 61784 series

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which requires that each device have its own communication point at the controller level, while the fieldbus is the equivalent of the current

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current modulation at 31.25 kHz) but are not interchangeable. As a general guide, applications which are controlled and monitored by

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to cover the device networks. This set of standards with the number IEC 62026 includes in the actual edition of 2019 the following parts:

6157: 4152:"Industrial communication networks - Profiles - Part 2: Additional fieldbus profiles for real-time networks based on ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-3" 667:

standard was initially developed and is now maintained by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (

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functions from faster memory access. In 1983, Intel created the 8044 Bitbus microcontroller by adding field bus firmware to its existing

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PA (process automation) is used for communication between measuring and process instruments, actuators and process control system or

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Hunziker, Robin; Schreier, Paul G. (August 1993). "Field buses compete for engineers' attention, start gaining commercial support".

998:, different consortia have developed different protocols for safety applications up to Safety Integrity Level 3 (SIL) according to 3788: 535:

for train coaches. However a specific subset of WorldFIP - known the FIPIO protocol - can be found widely in machine components.

2937:, fieldbus standards are determined by the physical media of the cabling, and layers one, two and seven of the reference model. 6142: 5935: 5675: 5064: 4357: 4095:"Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus spezifications - Overview and guidance for the IEC 61158 and IEC 61784 series" 3968: 767:

IEC 61784-1 Profile sets for continuous and discrete manufacturing relative to fieldbus use in industrial control systems

5365: 104: 4750: 547: 309: 4246:"Electrical equipment of industrial machines - Serial data link for real-time communication between controls and drives" 5769: 5640: 635:, (ISO/IEC 14543-3). In 2020 495 Member companies offer 8'000 products with KNX interfaces in 190 countries worldwide. 139:, multiple points are typically provided by the same device. Some fieldbus devices now support control schemes such as 264:

Office networks are not really suited for automation applications, as they lack the upper bounded transmission delay.

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was included into the standard. The edition 5 in 2019 was just a maintenance revision without any new profile added.

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It has been a model for many further developments in other industrial communication standardizations such as FMS for

281: 54:). The fieldbus links the PLCs of the direct control level to the components in the plant of the field level such as 6179: 6060: 5965: 5742: 574: 523: 192:

The GPIB has its main application in automated measurements with instruments from different manufacturers. It is a

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The most important achievement of MAP is Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS), the application layer of MAP.

39: 3589: 3356: 448:

During the 1980s, to solve communication problems between different control systems in cars, the German company

5955: 5510: 4743: 3905: 3663: 624: 358: 42:(DCS). In this hierarchy the upper levels for production managements are linked to the direct control level of 4266: 3450: 6261: 5727: 5633: 5270: 4800: 3535: 790:

Profile sets for continuous and discrete manufacturing relative to fieldbus use in industrial control systems

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was added. The two profile families CPF 20 ADS-net and CPF 21 FL-net are added to the edition four in 2019.

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IEC 61784-2 Additional profiles for ISO/IEC 8802 3 based communication networks in real-time applications

6005: 5995: 5656: 3551: 854: 684:

meeting was the initial form of the IEC 61158 standard with eight different protocol sets called "Types".

6209: 5680: 4287: 3094: 976: 835: 399:(FMS). It showed in practical applications, that it was too complicated to handle in the field. In 1994 6214: 5887: 5685: 5185: 5180: 4882: 4810: 4548:

Rathje, J. (September 1994). "Namur Says Yes To Fieldbus Technology and the Promise of Reduces Costs".

4200: 3539: 1032: 909: 569: 477: 152: 127:, which require only one communication point at the controller level and allow multiple (hundreds) of 5960: 5869: 3556: 620: 501: 373: 391:

A research project with the financial support of the German government defined in 1987 the fieldbus

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have been established. These have the potential to replace traditional fieldbuses in the long term.

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Pierson, Lynda L. (November 1994). "Broader Fieldbus Standards Will Improve System Functionality".

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Already in the year 2000 the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) decided that a set of

119:) by which only two devices could communicate. This would be the equivalent of the currently used 6172: 6090: 6030: 6000: 5175: 1068:

protocol as well. In the second edition issued in 2010 additional CPF are added to the standard:

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of the automation system. The goal is to use a two wire cable and simple configuration for field

164: 156: 5757: 4055: 3426: 1077: 688: 553:

Effective January 1, 2015, the Fieldbus Foundation has become part of the new FieldComm Group.

323:. It is still in use as a possible application layer e.g. for power utility automation in the 241: 6256: 6204: 5762: 5315: 5205: 4766: 868:

Additional profiles for ISO/IEC 8802 3 based communication networks in real-time applications

297:(OSI) basic reference model. This shortcut was taken over by the later fieldbus definitions. 284:(MAP) was an implementation of OSI-compliant protocols in automation technology initiated by 233: 160: 116: 246: 6230: 5583: 5550: 5415: 4984: 4503:

Gokorsch, Steve (June 1994). "Another Scenario: Maintenance Will Learn to Love Fieldbus".

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with a cable and connector with 24 wires, limited to a maximal cable length of 20 metres.

8: 5902: 5752: 5515: 3989: 3523: 1026: 983: 797: 648: 605: 587: 543: 469: 91: 87: 47: 4494:

Babb, Michael (July 1994). "Another Fieldbus Delay, Schneider's DPV, and Open Systems".

703: 5732: 5717: 5490: 5470: 3658:. Industrial Technology Series. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 7–10. 3538:(PLCs) tend towards PROFIBUS, and applications which are controlled and monitored by a 3166: 946: 883: 354: 236:, with two twisted pairs - one for data and the other for clocking and signals. Use of 124: 4715:"FOUNDATION Fieldbus Safety Instrumented Functions Forge the Future of Process Safety" 4330:"FOUNDATION Fieldbus Safety Instrumented Functions Forge the Future of Process Safety" 4004:"Building automation and control systems (BACS) — Part 5: Data communication protocol" 890:

with a new Real-Time Publish-Subscribe MODBUS-RTPS and the legacy profile MODBUS-TCP.

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IEC 61158-6-x AL: Part 6-x: Application layer protocol specification - Type x elements

5784: 4702: 4427: 4137: 4080: 3864: 3839: 3768: 3706: 3669: 3659: 3634: 995: 729:

IEC 61158-4-x DLL: Part 4-x: Data-link layer protocol specification - Type x elements

489: 449: 213: 4539:

Kerridge, Brian (April 28, 1994). "Network Vendors Aganize Over Fieldbus Standard".

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returning frame. With this cable is it possible to have the whole installation in a

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Furness, Harry (March 1994). "Fieldbus: The Differences Start From the Bottom Up".

4308: 4151: 4115: 4094: 3722: 3718: 3402: 773:

IEC 61784-3 Functional safety fieldbuses – General rules and profile definitions

108: 27:

used for real-time distributed control. Fieldbus profiles are standardized by the

24: 4667:

Catching the Process Fieldbus - An introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation

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According to IEC 61158-1 the Standard IEC 61784 is split in the following parts:

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IEC 61158-5-x AL: Part 5-x: Application layer service definition - Type x elements

6224: 5882: 5370: 4584:

Chatha, Andrew (May 1994). "Fieldbus: The Foundation for Field Control Systems".

4378: 4245: 4223:. Toshiba Infrastructure Systems & Solution Corporation. 2007. Archived from 3707:"Implementation of Mini-Manufacturing Automation Protocol for Personal Computers" 3653: 3531: 776:

IEC 61784-3-n Functional safety fieldbuses – Additional specifications for CPF n

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IEC 61158-3-x DLL: Part 3-x: Data-link layer service definition - Type x elements

422: 63: 4647:

Lasher, Richard J. (July 1994). "Fieldbus Advancements and Their Implications".

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The following parts have been withdrawn in 2006 and are not maintained anymore:

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IEC 61158-1 Part 1: Overview and guidance for the IEC 61158 and IEC 61784 series

628: 532: 473: 285: 212:

The oldest commonly used field bus technology is Bitbus. Bitbus was created by

140: 136: 4698: 4379:"Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Controller-device interfaces (CDIs)" 3596:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). 2013. definition 351-56-10. 6250: 5712: 5593: 5588: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5560: 5555: 5545: 5530: 5525: 5480: 5465: 5460: 5455: 5445: 5435: 5425: 5420: 5400: 5395: 5385: 5360: 5350: 5340: 5305: 5300: 5290: 5285: 5275: 5250: 5245: 4706: 3638: 3607: 465: 427: 336: 269: 253:

adopted Bitbus as the Microcontroller System Serial Control Bus (IEEE-1118).

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and cost sensitive. Since the new millennium a number of fieldbuses based on

4309:"Industrialcommunication networks – Profiles – Functional safety fieldbuses" 723:

IEC 61158-2 PhL: Part 2: Physical layer specification and service definition

6010: 5799: 5779: 5670: 5540: 5520: 5240: 5215: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5135: 5130: 5125: 4825: 4620:

Johnson, Dick (December 1994). "The Future of Fieldbus At Milestone 1995".

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IEC 61784-5-n Installation of fieldbuses - Installation profiles for CPF n

505: 221: 193: 143:

on the device side instead of forcing the controller to do the processing.

132: 120: 79: 4485:

Babb, Michael (January 1994). "Will Maintenance Learn To Love Fieldbus?".

4003: 3742: 3578:. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). April 2019. p. 11. 1019:

Industrialcommunication networks – Profiles – Functional safety fieldbuses

878:

IO - the classes A, B, and C - and the solutions of P-NET, Vnet/IP TCnet,

754: 6134: 6048: 6043: 5737: 5115: 4907: 4877: 4870: 4865: 4629:

Loose, Graham (May 1994). "When Can The Process Industry Use Fieldbus?".

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installation bus with a lot of simple I/O distributed over a large space.

4116:"Industrial communication networks - Profiles Part 1: Fieldbus profiles" 3861:

INTERBUS-Praxisbuch – Projektierung, Programmierung, Anwendung, Diagnose

5859: 5844: 5707: 5625: 5485: 5410: 5325: 5265: 3378: 3070: 1085: 975:. In the third edition in 2014 the Industrial Ethernet (IE) version of 898: 803: 225: 168: 35: 268:, which was conceived as early as 1975 for office connectivity uses a 256:

Today BITBUS is maintained by the BEUG - BITBUS European Users Group.

38:

industrial system is typically structured in hierarchical levels as a

6199: 6194: 6167: 6162: 6147: 6113: 6108: 6070: 6065: 6038: 5985: 5877: 5804: 5700: 5598: 5375: 5310: 5099: 5094: 5089: 5084: 5079: 5069: 5059: 5054: 5044: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5019: 5014: 5009: 4994: 4989: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4902: 4897: 4887: 4860: 4855: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4820: 4815: 4805: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4593:

Furness, Harry (January 1994). "Digital Communications Provides...".

3743:"Industrial automation systems - Manufacturing Message Specification" 3118: 2934: 2898: 1117:

Communication Profiles Families (CPF) and Services and Protocol Types

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IEC 61158: Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specification

460: 324: 294: 185:

Arguably the precursor field bus technology is HP-IB as described in

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has also different requirements for the application of a fieldbus:

6219: 6080: 5849: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5789: 5722: 5450: 5024: 4850: 4795: 4575:

Spear, Mike (April 1994). "Fieldbus Ready To Start The Last Lap?".

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Reeve, Alan (August 1993). "Fieldbus — Are Users Involved?".

4267:"Autonomous Decentralized System network (ADS-net), System concept" 3527: 3522:

As of 2008, in process control systems, the market is dominated by

3472: 3309: 3284: 3236: 3212: 3142: 1058: 1046: 1042: 968: 940: 928: 919: 915: 879: 875: 824: 818: 809: 644: 632: 616: 561: 416: 392: 386: 316: 217: 204: 186: 59: 51: 3947: 3673: 904:

So the list of RTE for the first edition in 2007 is already long:

504:

traditionally most of the field transmitters are connected over a

6184: 6152: 5975: 5950: 5920: 5854: 5814: 5794: 5695: 5690: 5475: 5440: 5430: 4999: 4912: 3022: 2866: 1006:. What most solutions have in common is that they are based on a 967:

In 2010 already a second edition was published to include CPF 17

612: 484: 443: 400: 366: 320: 4735: 3608:"The Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) GPIB IEEE-488 IEC625" 1014:, echo, timeout, unique sender and receiver IDs or cross check. 6235: 6123: 6118: 6075: 6020: 6015: 5980: 5915: 5910: 5809: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5405: 5345: 5335: 5330: 5320: 5280: 5230: 4638:

Spear, Mike (March 1993). "Fieldbus Faces Up To First Trials".

3260: 961: 955: 894: 887: 843: 668: 664: 652: 362: 348: 265: 229: 112: 67: 55: 4521:

Hodgkinson, Geoff (1994). "Communications Are We Listening?".

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Gunnel, Jeff (March 1994). "Analyser Links Can Use Fieldbus".

4457:. Fieldbus Foundation. Spring 2008. p. 36. Archived from 2914:

IEC 62026-6: Part 6: Seriplex (Serial Multiplexed Control Bus)

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functionally different from process plant control fieldbuses.

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communication, but also the power supply of the participants (

6189: 5945: 5930: 5355: 5235: 5225: 5220: 5210: 5120: 5049: 4566:

Spear, Mike (April 1994). "A Plant View of Fieldbus In Use".

4030:. BACnet International Executive Office. 2018. Archived from 846:

are added. In the edition 4 in 2014 the last fieldbus CPF 19

671:) starting in 1987. BACnet is an American National Standard ( 510: 71: 4426:. Computers and Communications. Research Studies Press Ltd. 3990:"KNX Association KNX Association [Official website]" 1095:

In the third edition in 2016 the last safety profile CPF 17

303: 23:

is a member of a family of industrial digital communication

6055: 5990: 5819: 5380: 5295: 4892: 4006:. ISO/TC 205 Building environment design. 2017. ISO 16484-5 3926: 3745:. International Standard Organization (ISO). 2003. ISO 9506 2976: 2879:(CDIs) will be specified by the Technical Committee TC 121 1017:

The first edition issued in 2007 of IEC 61784 Part 3 named

714:

Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications

672: 369: 4424:

CANopen Implementation: Application to Industrial Networks

4248:. IEC TC 22/SC 22G. 2002. IEC 61491 (withdrawn 2014-12-31) 3969:"PROFIBUS Technology and Application - System Description" 3530:

PA. Both technologies use the same physical layer (2-wire

2933:

how fieldbus networks are designed. With reference to the

330: 275: 5970: 5074: 4175: 365:. In its first version Modbus used a two wire cable with 83: 3789:"Industrial network market shares 2016 according to HMS" 3693: 4611:

Fouhy, Ken (September 1993). "Fieldbus Hits The Road".

4290:. The Japan Electrical Manufacturers Association (JEMA) 1109:

down in IEC 61784 and compiled in the following table.

857:

for fieldbuses that are not included in this standard.

755:

IEC 61784: Industrial communication networks - Profiles

180: 4680:

O'Neill, Mike (January 2007). "Advances in Fieldbus".

4530:

Jones, Jeremy (August 1992). "Can Fieldbus Survive?".

3483: 3437: 3413: 3389: 3321: 3296: 3271: 3247: 3223: 3177: 3153: 3129: 3105: 3081: 3057: 3033: 3009: 647:

is the result of the work of computer scientists from

86:

signals. The requirement for a fieldbus are therefore

4400:"Practical fieldbus tools aid predictive maintenance" 4221:"TCnet time-critical information and control network" 3810:"More than 20 million PROFINET devices on the market" 581: 151:

The most important motivation to use a fieldbus in a

4523:

Process Engineering, Instrumentation Supplement 1994

886:, Ethernet for Plant Automation (EPA), and also the 495: 403:

proposed a modified application layer with the name

4675:

Foundation Fieldbus Technology and its applications

2911:

IEC 62026-5: Part 5: Smart distributed system (SDS)

1021:includes the Communication Profile Families (CPF): 372:signals. The protocol itself is very simple with a 259: 1127:Communication Profile Families (CPF) in IEC 61784 860: 694: 687:This form of standard was first developed for the 783: 546:was developed over a period of many years by the 220:systems in industrial systems by separating slow 6248: 4664: 4138:"Real-Time Ethernet for Automation Applications" 4081:"The Fieldbus Standards: History and Structures" 3971:. PI (Profibus and Profinet International). 2016 3624: 982:For details about these RTEs see the article on 643:Going back to the 1980s, unlike other networks, 615:defined in 1989 and used mainly in France, the 3627:Personal Engineering & Instrumentation News 2950:data update cycles of 1 millisecond or faster. 16:Family of industrial computer network protocols 3833: 2867:IEC 62026: Controller-device interfaces (CDIs) 760:subsequently as IEC 61784 fieldbus profiles. 655:ASHRAE/ANSI standard for building automation. 5641: 4751: 4693:. Vol. 8, no. 4. pp. 231–243. 111:. Previously, computers were connected using 4688: 4421: 3655:Industrial Communication Technology Handbook 788:The IEC 61784 Part 1 standard with the name 748: 272:and therefore found later uses in industry, 159:of the installation without losing the high 4679: 3858: 2862:Compliance to IEC 61784-1 Ed.3:2019 CPF 3/1 1144:Communication Profile (CP) & trade name 1002:or Performance Level "e" (PL) according to 538: 175: 155:is to reduce the cost for installation and 5648: 5634: 4758: 4744: 4724:. ARC Advisory Group. 2008. Archived from 4520: 4339:. ARC Advisory Group. 2008. Archived from 3834:Baginski, Alfredo; Müller, Martin (1998). 2230:CP 12/2 Mailbox & time synchronization 1950:CP 8/3 CC-Link/LT (Bus powered - low cost) 1103: 951:CPF 14 Ethernet for Plant Automation (EPA) 599:heating, ventilation, and air conditioning 5615:International Electrotechnical Commission 4665:Powell, James; Vandelinde, Henry (2009). 3948:"A UNIFIED VISION FOR A SMARTER INDUSTRY" 3859:Büsing, Alexander; Meyer, Holger (2002). 3765:PROFIBUS - Der Feldbus für die Automation 304:Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) 29:International Electrotechnical Commission 5655: 4538: 4502: 4215: 4213: 3908:. NAMUR AK 2.6 Communication. 2016-12-05 3651: 751:a complete reference table is provided. 357:) defined a serial bus to connect their 203: 78:and replaces the direct connections via 4655: 4619: 4601: 4592: 4201:"Vnet/IP REAL-TIME PLANTNETWORK SYSTEM" 4198: 4194: 4192: 4176:"International P-NET User Organization" 4170: 4168: 3704: 331:Fieldbuses for manufacturing automation 276:Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) 6267:Computer-related introductions in 1988 6249: 4646: 4583: 4547: 4511: 4259: 4135: 4078: 3762: 2881:Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear 2664:CP 18/2 RTFN (real time frame network) 989: 464:was developed by the American company 208:Bitbus controller card with Intel 8044 5629: 4739: 4637: 4628: 4610: 4574: 4565: 4556: 4529: 4381:. IEC TC 121/SC 121A. 2019. IEC 62026 4311:. IEC TC 65/SC 65C. 2016. IEC 61784-3 4280: 4210: 4154:. IEC TC 65/SC 65C. 2019. IEC 61784-2 4118:. IEC TC 65/SC 65C. 2019. IEC 61784-1 4097:. IEC TC 65/SC 65C. 2019. IEC 61158-1 1428:CP 3/3 PROFINET CBA (void since 2014) 1132: 1129: 1126: 4493: 4484: 4358:"CIP Safety on SERCOS Specification" 4189: 4165: 3816:. Profinet International. 2018-04-20 3767:. München Wien: Carl Hanser Verlag. 2329:Ethernet for Plant Automation (EPA) 2069:CP 9/2 Wireless HART (See IEC 62591) 1875:Deleted for lack of market relevance 181:General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB) 4448:"Fieldbus Foundation advertisement" 3705:Shankar, Lall Maskara (June 2015). 2639:CP 18/1 RTFL (real time frame line) 1133:IEC 61158 Services & Protocols 716:is split into the following parts: 597:automation fieldbus for control of 548:International Society of Automation 310:Manufacturing Message Specification 13: 4422:Farsi, M.; Barbosa, M. B. (2000). 3887:. Phoenix Contact Electronics GmbH 3540:digital/distributed control system 2887:IEC 62026-1: Part 1: General rules 1650:CP 5/2 WorldFIP (MPS, MCS, SubMMS) 678: 582:Fieldbuses for building automation 14: 6278: 4765: 4056:"IEC 61158 Technology Comparison" 2918: 2046:CP 9/1 Universal Command (HART 6) 496:Fieldbuses for process automation 282:Manufacturing Automation Protocol 6180:Factory Instrumentation Protocol 6061:Factory Instrumentation Protocol 5743:Factory Instrumentation Protocol 4691:Integrated Manufacturing Systems 260:Computer networks for automation 4478: 4440: 4415: 4406: 4392: 4371: 4350: 4322: 4301: 4238: 4144: 4129: 4108: 4087: 4072: 4048: 4017: 3996: 3982: 3961: 3940: 3919: 3898: 3877: 3852: 3836:INTERBUS. Grundlagen und Praxis 3827: 3802: 3791:. Automation inside. 2016-03-01 3781: 3694:Bitbus/fieldbus community site. 3652:Zurawski, Richard, ed. (2005). 3633:(8). Rye, NH: PEC Inc.: 35–37. 1997:CP 8/5 CC-Link IE Field Network 1083:CPF 13 Ethernet POWERLINK with 861:IEC 61784-2: Real-time Ethernet 695:Structure of fieldbus standards 107:, star, ring, branch, and tree 3906:"NE 074 Fieldbus Requirements" 3756: 3735: 3723:10.1080/02564602.1991.11438756 3698: 3687: 3645: 3618: 3600: 3582: 3568: 3536:programmable logic controllers 2255:FSCP 12/1 Safety over EtherCAT 784:IEC 61784-1: Fieldbus profiles 625:European Home Systems Protocol 556: 509:hazardous areas. According to 397:Fieldbus Message Specification 359:programmable logic controllers 97: 44:programmable logic controllers 1: 3562: 2927: 2903:IEC 62026-7: Part 7: CompoNet 1575:CP 4/2 P-NET RS-232 (removed) 870:. Here we find the solutions 228:microcontroller. Bitbus uses 4206:. Yokogawa Technical Report. 3863:. Hüthig Verlag Heidelberg. 3838:. Hüthig Verlag Heidelberg. 3552:Parallel Redundancy Protocol 2877:controller-device interfaces 1974:CP 8/4 CC-Link IE Controller 855:List of automation protocols 627:(EHS) merged in 1999 to the 295:Open Systems Interconnection 121:4–20 mA communication scheme 50:communications system (e.g. 7: 6210:Unified Diagnostic Services 5681:CC-Link Industrial Networks 4631:Control and Instrumentation 4559:Control and Instrumentation 4550:Control and Instrumentation 4532:Control and Instrumentation 4514:Control and Instrumentation 4061:. Fieldbus, Inc. 2008-11-13 3929:. Fieldbus Foundation. 2006 3545: 2944: 1825:CP 6/6 Link 3/6 to INTERBUS 1801:CP 6/5 Link 3/5 to INTERBUS 1777:CP 6/4 Link 3/4 to INTERBUS 638: 517: 410: 380: 10: 6283: 5728:Ethernet Global Data (EGD) 1627:CP 5/1 WorldFIP (MPS, MCS) 1500:CP 3/6 PROFINET IO Class C 1475:CP 3/5 PROFINET IO Class B 1450:CP 3/4 PROFINET IO Class A 488:was developed by the CiA ( 478:Common Industrial Protocol 441: 414: 384: 346: 153:distributed control system 146: 40:distributed control system 31:(IEC) as IEC 61784/61158. 6132: 6089: 6029: 5901: 5870:Industrial control system 5868: 5663: 5607: 5108: 4773: 4699:10.1108/09576069710182054 4682:Process Industry Informer 3557:Media Redundancy Protocol 3517: 2892:Actuator sensor interface 2819: 2816: 2765: 2762: 2711: 2708: 2635: 2632: 2605: 2602: 2506: 2503: 2452: 2449: 2328: 2325: 2277: 2274: 2201: 2198: 2123: 2120: 2093: 2090: 2042: 2039: 1897: 1894: 1871: 1868: 1698: 1695: 1623: 1620: 1547: 1544: 1374: 1371: 1273: 1270: 1173:Foundation Fieldbus (FF) 1172: 1169: 1137: 658: 621:European Installation Bus 342: 199: 4288:"Introduction to FL-net" 4025:"BACnet Market Adoption" 2739:CP 19/2 MECHATRILINK-III 1849:FSCP 6/7 INTERBUS Safety 1375:PROFIBUS & PROFINET 539:Foundation Fieldbus (FF) 176:Precursors of fieldbuses 6091:Automatic meter reading 6031:Power-system automation 4199:Demachi, Kouji (2005). 2715:CP 19/1 MECHATRILINK-II 2020:FSCP 8/1 CC-Link Safety 1104:Compliance to IEC 61784 749:Compliance to IEC 61784 712:The Standard IEC 61158 604:management network for 454:Controller Area Network 405:Decentralized Periphery 4673:Patel, Kirnesh (2013) 3763:Bender, Klaus (1990). 3511:Sub millisecond cycle 3427:Foundation Fieldbus H1 2971:Sub millisecond cycle 2151:CP 11/2 TCnet-loop 100 1752:CP 6/3 INTERBUS Subset 1727:CP 6/2 INTERBUS TCP/IP 689:European Common Market 437: 209: 6205:Keyword Protocol 2000 4178:. P-NET Denmark. 2019 3927:"Fieldbus Foundation" 3711:IETE Technical Review 2897:IEC 62026-3: Part 3: 2890:IEC 62026-2: Part 2: 2689:SFCP 18/1 SafetyNET p 2175:CP 11/3 TCnet-loop 1G 1673:CP 5/3 WorldFIP (MPS) 1075:CPF 12 EtherCAT with 353:In 1979 Modicon (now 207: 6262:Industrial computing 5657:Automation protocols 4613:Chemical Engineering 4360:. Design World. 2008 4136:Felser, Max (2009). 4079:Felser, Max (2002). 2769:CP 20/1 NETWORK-1000 2430:FSCP 14/1 EPA Safety 2306:FSCP 13/1 openSAFETY 1078:Safety over EtherCAT 1064:SERCOS does use the 874:, three versions of 842:protocol and CPF 16 452:first developed the 125:LAN-type connections 5903:Building automation 5753:FOUNDATION fieldbus 4658:Control Engineering 4649:Control Engineering 4640:Process Engineering 4622:Control Engineering 4604:Control Engineering 4595:Control Engineering 4586:Control Engineering 4577:Process Engineering 4568:Process Engineering 4525:. pp. s19–s21. 4507:. pp. 112–114. 4505:Control Engineering 4496:Control Engineering 4487:Control Engineering 3524:Foundation Fieldbus 3502:Cabling redundancy 2962:Cabling redundancy 2583:SFCP 2/1 CIP Safety 2278:Ethernet POWERLINK 1551:CP 4/1 P-NET RS-485 1352:FSCP 2/1 CIP Safety 1027:FOUNDATION Fieldbus 990:IEC 61784-3: Safety 984:Industrial Ethernet 798:FOUNDATION Fieldbus 649:Echelon Corporation 606:facility management 588:building automation 544:Foundation Fieldbus 470:Rockwell Automation 5733:Ethernet Powerlink 5664:Process automation 3532:Manchester-encoded 3488:Under Development 3167:Ethernet Powerlink 2558:CP 16/3 SERCOS III 2456:CP 15/1 MODBUS TCP 2127:CP 11/1 TCnet-star 1597:CP 4/3 P-NET on IP 1525:FSCP 3/1 PROFIsafe 1403:CP 3/2 PROFIBUS PA 1378:CP 3/1 PROFIBUS DP 1301:CP 2/2 EtherNet/IP 947:ETHERNET Powerlink 884:Ethernet POWERLINK 631:) (KNX) standard 502:process automation 355:Schneider Electric 216:to enhance use of 210: 117:serial connections 109:network topologies 92:Real-time Ethernet 66:, console lights, 6244: 6243: 5623: 5622: 4684:. pp. 36–37. 4660:. pp. 38–39. 4651:. pp. 33–35. 4633:. pp. 63–65. 4624:. pp. 49–52. 4615:. pp. 37–41. 4606:. pp. 49–51. 4597:. pp. 23–25. 4588:. pp. 47–50. 4570:. pp. 38–39. 4561:. pp. 25–26. 4552:. pp. 33–34. 4543:. pp. 45–46. 4534:. pp. 25–26. 4516:. pp. 33–35. 3950:. FieldComm Group 3515: 3514: 3461:Almost unlimited 3367:Almost unlimited 3345:Almost unlimited 3201:Almost unlimited 2987:Almost unlimited 2850: 2849: 2846: 2845: 2534:CP 16/2 SERCOS II 2205:CP 12/1 Simple IO 1926:CP 8/2 CC-Link/V2 1901:CP 8/1 CC-Link/V1 1277:CP 2/1 ControlNet 996:functional safety 490:CAN in Automation 450:Robert Bosch GmbH 214:Intel Corporation 6274: 5840:SERCOS interface 5650: 5643: 5636: 5627: 5626: 4760: 4753: 4746: 4737: 4736: 4732: 4730: 4719: 4710: 4685: 4670: 4661: 4652: 4643: 4634: 4625: 4616: 4607: 4598: 4589: 4580: 4571: 4562: 4553: 4544: 4535: 4526: 4517: 4508: 4499: 4490: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4469: 4463: 4452: 4444: 4438: 4437: 4419: 4413: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4402:. July 15, 2007. 4396: 4390: 4389: 4387: 4386: 4375: 4369: 4368: 4366: 4365: 4354: 4348: 4347: 4345: 4334: 4326: 4320: 4319: 4317: 4316: 4305: 4299: 4298: 4296: 4295: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4275: 4274: 4263: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4253: 4242: 4236: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4217: 4208: 4207: 4205: 4196: 4187: 4186: 4184: 4183: 4172: 4163: 4162: 4160: 4159: 4148: 4142: 4141: 4133: 4127: 4126: 4124: 4123: 4112: 4106: 4105: 4103: 4102: 4091: 4085: 4084: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4067: 4066: 4060: 4052: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4042: 4036: 4029: 4021: 4015: 4014: 4012: 4011: 4000: 3994: 3993: 3986: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3976: 3965: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3955: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3934: 3923: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3913: 3902: 3896: 3895: 3893: 3892: 3881: 3875: 3874: 3856: 3850: 3849: 3831: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3821: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3797: 3796: 3785: 3779: 3778: 3760: 3754: 3753: 3751: 3750: 3739: 3733: 3732: 3730: 3729: 3702: 3696: 3691: 3685: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3649: 3643: 3642: 3622: 3616: 3615: 3604: 3598: 3597: 3586: 3580: 3579: 3572: 3508:Synchronisation 3485: 3439: 3415: 3403:SERCOS interface 3391: 3323: 3298: 3273: 3249: 3225: 3179: 3155: 3131: 3107: 3083: 3059: 3035: 3011: 2968:Synchronisation 2953: 2952: 2510:CP 16/1 SERCOS I 1327:CP 3/3 DeviceNet 1124: 1123: 1113: 1112: 619:extended to the 335:In the field of 46:(PLC) via a non- 6282: 6281: 6277: 6276: 6275: 6273: 6272: 6271: 6247: 6246: 6245: 6240: 6128: 6085: 6025: 5897: 5864: 5659: 5654: 5624: 5619: 5603: 5104: 4769: 4764: 4728: 4717: 4713: 4481: 4476: 4467: 4465: 4461: 4455:Fieldbus Repory 4450: 4446: 4445: 4441: 4434: 4420: 4416: 4411: 4407: 4398: 4397: 4393: 4384: 4382: 4377: 4376: 4372: 4363: 4361: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4343: 4332: 4328: 4327: 4323: 4314: 4312: 4307: 4306: 4302: 4293: 4291: 4286: 4285: 4281: 4272: 4270: 4265: 4264: 4260: 4251: 4249: 4244: 4243: 4239: 4230: 4228: 4219: 4218: 4211: 4203: 4197: 4190: 4181: 4179: 4174: 4173: 4166: 4157: 4155: 4150: 4149: 4145: 4134: 4130: 4121: 4119: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4100: 4098: 4093: 4092: 4088: 4077: 4073: 4064: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4053: 4049: 4040: 4038: 4034: 4027: 4023: 4022: 4018: 4009: 4007: 4002: 4001: 3997: 3988: 3987: 3983: 3974: 3972: 3967: 3966: 3962: 3953: 3951: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3932: 3930: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3911: 3909: 3904: 3903: 3899: 3890: 3888: 3883: 3882: 3878: 3871: 3857: 3853: 3846: 3832: 3828: 3819: 3817: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3794: 3792: 3787: 3786: 3782: 3775: 3761: 3757: 3748: 3746: 3741: 3740: 3736: 3727: 3725: 3703: 3699: 3692: 3688: 3678: 3676: 3666: 3650: 3646: 3623: 3619: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3574: 3573: 3569: 3565: 3548: 3520: 2947: 2930: 2921: 2869: 2851: 2405:CP 14/4 EPA MRT 2382:CP 14/3 EPA FRT 2332:CP 14/1 EPA NRT 2097:CP 10/1 Vnet/IP 1702:CP 6/1 INTERBUS 1251:FSCP 1/1 FF-SIS 1201:CP 1/2 FF – HSE 1118: 1106: 992: 863: 786: 757: 706: 697: 681: 679:Standardization 661: 641: 584: 559: 541: 520: 498: 446: 440: 423:Phoenix Contact 419: 413: 389: 383: 351: 345: 333: 306: 278: 270:token mechanism 262: 242:data link layer 202: 183: 178: 149: 100: 64:electric motors 17: 12: 11: 5: 6280: 6270: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6242: 6241: 6239: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6207: 6202: 6197: 6192: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6176: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6150: 6145: 6139: 6137: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6109:DLMS/IEC 62056 6106: 6101: 6095: 6093: 6087: 6086: 6084: 6083: 6078: 6073: 6068: 6063: 6058: 6053: 6052: 6051: 6046: 6035: 6033: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5907: 5905: 5899: 5898: 5896: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5874: 5872: 5866: 5865: 5863: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5832: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5802: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5766: 5765: 5760: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5710: 5705: 5704: 5703: 5698: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5667: 5665: 5661: 5660: 5653: 5652: 5645: 5638: 5630: 5621: 5620: 5618: 5617: 5611: 5609: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5601: 5596: 5591: 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4777: 4775: 4771: 4770: 4763: 4762: 4755: 4748: 4740: 4734: 4733: 4731:on 2020-07-31. 4711: 4686: 4677: 4671: 4662: 4653: 4644: 4635: 4626: 4617: 4608: 4599: 4590: 4581: 4572: 4563: 4554: 4545: 4536: 4527: 4518: 4509: 4500: 4491: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4474: 4439: 4432: 4414: 4405: 4391: 4370: 4349: 4346:on 2020-07-31. 4321: 4300: 4279: 4258: 4237: 4209: 4188: 4164: 4143: 4128: 4107: 4086: 4071: 4047: 4016: 3995: 3981: 3960: 3939: 3918: 3897: 3876: 3869: 3851: 3844: 3826: 3801: 3780: 3773: 3755: 3734: 3717:(4): 218–226. 3697: 3686: 3664: 3644: 3617: 3612:www.hp9845.net 3599: 3581: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3560: 3559: 3554: 3547: 3544: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3503: 3500: 3497: 3493: 3492: 3489: 3486: 3481: 3478: 3475: 3469: 3468: 3465: 3462: 3459: 3456: 3453: 3451:Foundation HSE 3447: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3423: 3422: 3419: 3416: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3399: 3398: 3395: 3392: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3365: 3362: 3359: 3353: 3352: 3349: 3346: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3331: 3330: 3327: 3324: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3306: 3305: 3302: 3299: 3294: 3291: 3288: 3281: 3280: 3277: 3274: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3233: 3232: 3229: 3226: 3221: 3218: 3215: 3209: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3187: 3186: 3183: 3180: 3175: 3172: 3169: 3163: 3162: 3159: 3156: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3127: 3124: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3091: 3090: 3087: 3084: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3055: 3052: 3049: 3043: 3042: 3039: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3019: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3007: 3004: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2982: 2979: 2973: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2946: 2943: 2929: 2926: 2920: 2919:Cost advantage 2917: 2916: 2915: 2912: 2905: 2904: 2901: 2895: 2888: 2868: 2865: 2848: 2847: 2844: 2843: 2840: 2837: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2824: 2823:CP 21/1 FL-net 2821: 2818: 2814: 2813: 2810: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2790: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2775: 2772: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2760: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2745: 2743: 2740: 2736: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2706: 2705: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2665: 2661: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2637: 2634: 2630: 2629: 2626: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2610: 2607: 2604: 2600: 2599: 2597: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2584: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2555: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2542: 2540: 2538: 2535: 2531: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2505: 2501: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481: 2477: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2438: 2435: 2433: 2431: 2427: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2406: 2402: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2388: 2385: 2383: 2379: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2360: 2358: 2357:CP 14/2 EPA RT 2354: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2327: 2323: 2322: 2320: 2318: 2316: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2307: 2303: 2302: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2272: 2271: 2269: 2267: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2258: 2256: 2252: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2231: 2227: 2226: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2195: 2192: 2189: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2172: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2159: 2157: 2154: 2152: 2148: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2118: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2037: 2036: 2034: 2032: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2017: 2016: 2013: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2003: 2000: 1998: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1951: 1947: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1934: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1923: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1896: 1892: 1891: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1866: 1865: 1863: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1850: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1822: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1807: 1804: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1773: 1770: 1767: 1764: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1749: 1748: 1745: 1742: 1739: 1736: 1733: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1723: 1720: 1717: 1714: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1693: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1670: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1656: 1654: 1651: 1647: 1646: 1643: 1640: 1637: 1635: 1633: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1603: 1600: 1598: 1594: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1580: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1568: 1565: 1562: 1559: 1557: 1555: 1552: 1549: 1546: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1501: 1497: 1496: 1493: 1490: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1472: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1446: 1443: 1440: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1421: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1400: 1399: 1396: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1382: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1369: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1353: 1349: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1324: 1323: 1320: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1268: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1259: 1256: 1254: 1252: 1248: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1226:CP 1/3 FF - H2 1223: 1222: 1219: 1216: 1213: 1210: 1207: 1205: 1202: 1198: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1185: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1176:CP 1/1 FF - H1 1174: 1171: 1167: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1135: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1111: 1105: 1102: 1093: 1092: 1089: 1081: 1073: 1062: 1061: 1055: 1039: 1029: 991: 988: 965: 964: 958: 952: 949: 943: 937: 934: 933:CPF 10 Vnet/IP 931: 925: 922: 912: 862: 859: 831: 830: 829:CPF 7 SwiftNet 827: 821: 815: 812: 806: 800: 785: 782: 781: 780: 777: 774: 771: 768: 756: 753: 737: 736: 733: 730: 727: 724: 721: 705: 702: 696: 693: 680: 677: 660: 657: 640: 637: 623:(EIB) and the 609: 608: 602: 595: 586:The market of 583: 580: 558: 555: 540: 537: 533:Wire Train Bus 519: 516: 497: 494: 468:(now owned by 442:Main article: 439: 436: 415:Main article: 412: 409: 385:Main article: 382: 379: 361:(PLCs) called 347:Main article: 344: 341: 332: 329: 305: 302: 286:General Motors 277: 274: 261: 258: 234:physical layer 201: 198: 182: 179: 177: 174: 148: 145: 137:microprocessor 99: 96: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6279: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6254: 6252: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6211: 6208: 6206: 6203: 6201: 6198: 6196: 6193: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6183: 6181: 6178: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6155: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6136: 6133:Automobile / 6131: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6096: 6094: 6092: 6088: 6082: 6079: 6077: 6074: 6072: 6069: 6067: 6064: 6062: 6059: 6057: 6054: 6050: 6047: 6045: 6042: 6041: 6040: 6037: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6028: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5908: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5875: 5873: 5871: 5867: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5780:Honeywell SDS 5778: 5776: 5775:HART Protocol 5773: 5771: 5768: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5755: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5693: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5668: 5666: 5662: 5658: 5651: 5646: 5644: 5639: 5637: 5632: 5631: 5628: 5616: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5164: 5162: 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5111: 5107: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4905: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4867: 4864: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4857: 4854: 4852: 4849: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4768: 4767:IEC standards 4761: 4756: 4754: 4749: 4747: 4742: 4741: 4738: 4727: 4723: 4716: 4712: 4708: 4704: 4700: 4696: 4692: 4687: 4683: 4678: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4663: 4659: 4654: 4650: 4645: 4642:. p. 36. 4641: 4636: 4632: 4627: 4623: 4618: 4614: 4609: 4605: 4600: 4596: 4591: 4587: 4582: 4579:. p. 37. 4578: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4546: 4542: 4537: 4533: 4528: 4524: 4519: 4515: 4510: 4506: 4501: 4498:. p. 29. 4497: 4492: 4489:. p. 19. 4488: 4483: 4482: 4464:on 2016-06-26 4460: 4456: 4449: 4443: 4435: 4433:9780863802478 4429: 4425: 4418: 4409: 4401: 4395: 4380: 4374: 4359: 4353: 4342: 4338: 4331: 4325: 4310: 4304: 4289: 4283: 4268: 4262: 4247: 4241: 4227:on 2016-10-17 4226: 4222: 4216: 4214: 4202: 4195: 4193: 4177: 4171: 4169: 4153: 4147: 4139: 4132: 4117: 4111: 4096: 4090: 4082: 4075: 4057: 4051: 4037:on 2020-07-31 4033: 4026: 4020: 4005: 3999: 3991: 3985: 3970: 3964: 3949: 3943: 3928: 3922: 3907: 3901: 3886: 3880: 3872: 3870:3-7785-2862-9 3866: 3862: 3855: 3847: 3845:3-7785-2471-2 3841: 3837: 3830: 3815: 3814:Press release 3811: 3805: 3790: 3784: 3776: 3774:3-446-16170-8 3770: 3766: 3759: 3744: 3738: 3724: 3720: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3701: 3695: 3690: 3675: 3671: 3667: 3661: 3657: 3656: 3648: 3640: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3621: 3613: 3609: 3603: 3595: 3591: 3585: 3577: 3571: 3567: 3558: 3555: 3553: 3550: 3549: 3543: 3541: 3537: 3533: 3529: 3525: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3494: 3490: 3487: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3454: 3452: 3449: 3448: 3444: 3441: 3436: 3433: 3430: 3428: 3425: 3424: 3420: 3417: 3412: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3400: 3396: 3393: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3380: 3377: 3376: 3372: 3369: 3366: 3363: 3360: 3358: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3347: 3344: 3341: 3338: 3336: 3333: 3332: 3328: 3325: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3300: 3295: 3292: 3289: 3286: 3283: 3282: 3278: 3275: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3262: 3259: 3258: 3254: 3251: 3246: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3234: 3230: 3227: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3214: 3211: 3210: 3206: 3203: 3200: 3197: 3194: 3192: 3189: 3188: 3184: 3181: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3165: 3164: 3160: 3157: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3144: 3141: 3140: 3136: 3133: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3116: 3112: 3109: 3104: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3085: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3072: 3069: 3068: 3064: 3061: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3045: 3044: 3040: 3037: 3032: 3029: 3026: 3024: 3021: 3020: 3016: 3013: 3008: 3005: 3002: 3000: 2997: 2996: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2975: 2974: 2970: 2967: 2964: 2961: 2958: 2955: 2954: 2951: 2942: 2938: 2936: 2925: 2913: 2910: 2909: 2908: 2902: 2900: 2896: 2893: 2889: 2886: 2885: 2884: 2882: 2878: 2873: 2864: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2841: 2838: 2835: 2832: 2830: 2827: 2825: 2822: 2815: 2811: 2808: 2805: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2778: 2776: 2773: 2771: 2768: 2761: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2737: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2712:MECHATROLINK 2707: 2704: 2702: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2687: 2683: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2662: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2631: 2627: 2624: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2613: 2611: 2608: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2594: 2592: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2557: 2556: 2552: 2549: 2546: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2533: 2532: 2528: 2525: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2502: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2448: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2436: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2428: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2384: 2381: 2380: 2376: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2364: 2361: 2359: 2356: 2355: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2324: 2321: 2319: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2310: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2273: 2270: 2268: 2266: 2264: 2261: 2259: 2257: 2254: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2243: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2228: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2197: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2173: 2169: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2149: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2134: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2119: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2104: 2101: 2099: 2096: 2089: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2075: 2073: 2071: 2068: 2067: 2063: 2060: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2029: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2018: 2014: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2004: 2001: 1999: 1996: 1995: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1972: 1968: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1948: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1924: 1920: 1917: 1914: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1851: 1848: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1823: 1819: 1816: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1775: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1725: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1709: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1694: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1671: 1667: 1664: 1661: 1659: 1657: 1655: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1619: 1615: 1612: 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1596: 1595: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1569: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1498: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1434: 1432: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1413: 1410: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1397: 1394: 1391: 1388: 1385: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1350: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1332: 1329: 1326: 1325: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1312: 1309: 1306: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1269: 1266: 1264: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1249: 1245: 1242: 1239: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1220: 1217: 1214: 1211: 1208: 1206: 1203: 1200: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1168: 1164: 1161: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1136: 1125: 1122: 1121: 1115: 1114: 1110: 1101: 1098: 1090: 1088: 1087: 1082: 1080: 1079: 1074: 1072:CPF 8 CC-Link 1071: 1070: 1069: 1067: 1060: 1056: 1054: 1053: 1048: 1044: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1023: 1022: 1020: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1008:Black Channel 1005: 1001: 997: 987: 985: 980: 978: 974: 970: 963: 959: 957: 953: 950: 948: 944: 942: 938: 935: 932: 930: 926: 923: 921: 917: 913: 911: 907: 906: 905: 902: 900: 896: 891: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 858: 856: 851: 849: 845: 841: 837: 828: 826: 822: 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48:time-critical 45: 41: 37: 32: 30: 26: 22: 6257:Serial buses 5800:MECHATROLINK 5551:27000-series 5004: 4964: 4919: 4726:the original 4722:fieldbus.org 4721: 4690: 4681: 4674: 4666: 4657: 4648: 4639: 4630: 4621: 4612: 4603: 4594: 4585: 4576: 4567: 4558: 4549: 4540: 4531: 4522: 4513: 4504: 4495: 4486: 4479:Bibliography 4466:. Retrieved 4459:the original 4454: 4442: 4423: 4417: 4408: 4394: 4383:. Retrieved 4373: 4362:. Retrieved 4352: 4341:the original 4337:fieldbus.org 4336: 4324: 4313:. Retrieved 4303: 4292:. Retrieved 4282: 4271:. Retrieved 4261: 4250:. Retrieved 4240: 4229:. Retrieved 4225:the original 4180:. Retrieved 4156:. Retrieved 4146: 4131: 4120:. Retrieved 4110: 4099:. Retrieved 4089: 4074: 4063:. Retrieved 4050: 4039:. Retrieved 4032:the original 4019: 4008:. Retrieved 3998: 3984: 3973:. Retrieved 3963: 3952:. Retrieved 3942: 3931:. Retrieved 3921: 3910:. Retrieved 3900: 3889:. Retrieved 3879: 3860: 3854: 3835: 3829: 3818:. Retrieved 3813: 3804: 3793:. Retrieved 3783: 3764: 3758: 3747:. Retrieved 3737: 3726:. Retrieved 3714: 3710: 3700: 3689: 3677:. Retrieved 3654: 3647: 3630: 3626: 3620: 3611: 3602: 3594:Electropedia 3593: 3584: 3575: 3570: 3521: 3505:Max devices 3491:Conditional 3357:PROFINET IRT 2999:AS-Interface 2965:Max devices 2948: 2939: 2931: 2922: 2906: 2880: 2876: 2874: 2870: 2861: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2636:SafetyNET p 2480:CP 15/2 RTPS 2453:MODBUS-RTPS 1107: 1094: 1084: 1076: 1065: 1063: 1050: 1036: 1018: 1016: 1007: 993: 981: 971:and CPF 18 966: 936:CPF 11 TCnet 903: 892: 867: 864: 852: 848:MECHATROLINK 838:, the CPF 9 832: 789: 787: 762: 758: 745: 742: 738: 713: 711: 707: 698: 686: 682: 662: 642: 610: 585: 560: 552: 542: 529: 521: 506:current loop 499: 483: 482: 459: 458: 447: 432: 420: 404: 396: 390: 374:master/slave 352: 334: 314: 307: 299: 291: 279: 263: 255: 211: 194:parallel bus 191: 184: 161:availability 150: 101: 33: 20: 18: 6227:(SAE J2716) 6099:ANSI C12.18 6049:IEC 60870-6 6044:IEC 60870-5 5738:EtherNet/IP 4412:Bury (1999) 3335:PROFINET IO 3191:EtherNet/IP 2281:CP 13/1 EPL 1130:(sub-)part 1097:SafetyNET p 973:SafetyNET p 924:CPF 4 P-NET 872:Ethernet/IP 814:CPF 4 P-NET 557:PROFIBUS-PA 327:standards. 319:or SDO for 165:reliability 157:maintenance 141:PID control 105:daisy-chain 98:Description 82:or digital 6251:Categories 5860:TTEthernet 5845:SERCOS III 5708:ControlNet 4468:2013-07-24 4385:2020-05-11 4364:2010-02-05 4315:2020-05-11 4294:2020-05-11 4273:2020-05-11 4252:2020-04-28 4231:2020-05-11 4182:2020-05-11 4158:2020-04-28 4122:2020-04-28 4101:2020-05-10 4065:2020-05-11 4041:2020-05-26 4010:2020-05-26 3975:2020-06-13 3954:2020-06-13 3933:2020-05-13 3912:2020-05-27 3891:2020-05-21 3885:"INTERBUS" 3820:2020-05-27 3795:2020-05-25 3749:2020-05-13 3728:2020-05-13 3674:2004057922 3665:0849330777 3563:References 3499:Bus power 3379:SERCOS III 3071:ControlNet 2959:Bus power 2928:Networking 2793:CP 20/2 NX 1218:TCP/UDP/IP 1091:CPF 14 EPA 1086:openSAFETY 1066:CIP safety 1037:CIP safety 899:SERCOS III 804:ControlNet 472:) and the 76:contactors 34:A complex 6168:NMEA 2000 6163:SAE J1939 6158:ARINC 825 6148:ARINC 429 6104:IEC 61107 6071:IEC 62351 6066:IEC 61850 6039:IEC 60870 5986:OpenTherm 5878:MTConnect 5805:MelsecNet 5718:DirectNET 5701:DeviceNet 4707:0957-6061 4269:. Hitachi 3639:0748-0016 3496:Fieldbus 3364:Optional 3342:Optional 3293:Optional 3198:Optional 3174:Optional 3119:DeviceNet 2956:Fieldbus 2935:OSI model 2899:DeviceNet 2606:RAPIEnet 2202:EtherCAT 1872:Swiftnet 1699:INTERBUS 1624:WorldFIP 1052:PROFIsafe 1004:ISO 13849 1000:IEC 61508 461:DeviceNet 325:IEC 61850 60:actuators 36:automated 6081:PROFIBUS 5850:Sinec H1 5835:RAPIEnet 5830:PROFINET 5825:PROFIBUS 5790:INTERBUS 5785:HostLink 5723:EtherCAT 3546:See also 3528:Profibus 3473:RAPIEnet 3310:PROFIBUS 3285:PROFIBUS 3237:LonWorks 3213:Interbus 3143:EtherCAT 3047:CompoNet 2945:Features 2842:Type 26 2812:Type 25 2788:Type 25 2766:ADS-net 2758:Type 24 2734:Type 24 2684:Type 22 2659:Type 22 2628:Type 21 2578:Type 16 2553:Type 16 2529:Type 16 2499:Type 15 2475:Type 15 2425:Type 14 2400:Type 14 2377:Type 14 2352:Type 14 2301:Type 13 2250:Type 12 2225:Type 12 2194:Type 11 2170:Type 11 2146:Type 11 2116:Type 17 2094:Vnet/IP 2086:Type 20 2064:Type 20 2015:Type 23 1992:Type 23 1969:Type 18 1945:Type 18 1921:Type 18 1898:CC-Link 1844:Type 10 1820:Type 10 1796:Type 10 1520:Type 10 1495:Type 10 1470:Type 10 1445:Type 10 1059:INTERBUS 1047:PROFINET 1043:PROFIBUS 969:RAPIEnet 941:EtherCAT 929:INTERBUS 920:PROFINET 916:PROFIBUS 880:EtherCAT 876:PROFINET 825:INTERBUS 819:WorldFIP 810:PROFIBUS 645:LonWorks 639:LonWorks 633:EN 50090 617:Instabus 562:Profibus 518:WorldFIP 421:In 1987 417:INTERBUS 411:INTERBUS 393:PROFIBUS 387:PROFIBUS 381:PROFIBUS 317:Profibus 218:Multibus 187:IEEE 488 68:switches 52:Ethernet 25:networks 21:fieldbus 6185:FlexRay 6153:CAN bus 6135:Vehicle 5976:LonTalk 5951:EnOcean 5921:BatiBUS 5888:OPC HDA 5855:SynqNet 5815:Optomux 5795:IO-Link 5770:GE SRTP 5696:CANopen 5691:CAN bus 5608:Related 5321:13522-5 5109:ISO/IEC 5000:62014-4 4913:61131-9 4908:61131-3 4878:60906-1 4871:60870-6 4866:60870-5 3095:CC-Link 3023:CANopen 2839:Type 26 2820:FL-net 2809:Type 25 2785:Type 25 2755:Type 24 2752:Type 24 2731:Type 24 2728:Type 24 2681:Type 22 2656:Type 22 2625:Type 21 2609:CP 17/1 2575:Type 16 2550:Type 16 2547:Type 16 2526:Type 16 2523:Type 16 2507:SERCOS 2422:Type 14 2397:Type 14 2374:Type 14 2349:Type 14 2298:Type 13 2247:Type 12 2244:Type 12 2222:Type 12 2219:Type 12 2191:Type 11 2167:Type 11 2143:Type 11 2113:Type 17 1966:Type 18 1963:Type 18 1942:Type 18 1939:Type 18 1918:Type 18 1915:Type 18 1772:Type 8 1747:Type 8 1722:Type 8 1691:Type 7 1668:Type 7 1645:Type 7 1616:Type 4 1592:Type 4 1570:Type 4 1423:Type 3 1398:Type 3 1347:Type 2 1322:Type 2 1296:Type 2 1246:Type 9 1221:Type 5 1196:Type 9 977:CC-Link 960:CPF 16 954:CPF 15 945:CPF 13 939:CPF 12 836:CC-Link 613:BatiBUS 485:CANopen 444:CAN bus 401:Siemens 367:EIA 485 321:CANopen 240:at the 232:at the 230:EIA-485 169:devices 147:History 133:digital 56:sensors 6236:Cyphal 6124:Zigbee 6119:Modbus 6076:Modbus 6021:Zigbee 6016:Z-Wave 5981:Modbus 5916:BACnet 5911:1-Wire 5893:OPC UA 5883:OPC DA 5810:Modbus 4705: 4430: 3867: 3842: 3771: 3672: 3662: 3637: 3518:Market 3261:Modbus 3248:32,000 3154:65,536 2894:(AS-i) 2836:8802-3 2806:8802-3 2782:8802-3 2678:8802-3 2653:8802-3 2622:8802-3 2572:8802-3 2496:TCP/IP 2493:8802-3 2472:TCP/IP 2469:8802-3 2419:8802-3 2394:8802-3 2371:8802-3 2346:8802-3 2295:8802-3 2188:8802-3 2164:8802-3 2140:8802-3 2124:TCnet 2110:8802-3 2010:8802-3 1987:8802-3 1886:Type 6 1841:Type 8 1838:Type 8 1817:Type 8 1814:Type 8 1793:Type 8 1790:Type 8 1769:Type 8 1766:Type 8 1744:Type 8 1741:Type 8 1719:Type 8 1716:Type 8 1688:Type 7 1685:Type 1 1665:Type 7 1662:Type 1 1642:Type 7 1639:Type 1 1613:Type 4 1610:8802.3 1589:Type 4 1586:Type 4 1567:Type 4 1564:Type 4 1548:P-NET 1517:UDP/IP 1514:8802-3 1492:UDP/IP 1489:8802-3 1467:UDP/IP 1464:8802-3 1442:TCP/IP 1439:8802-3 1420:Type 3 1417:Type 1 1395:Type 3 1392:Type 3 1344:Type 2 1341:Type 2 1319:Type 2 1316:8802-3 1293:Type 2 1290:Type 2 1243:Type 1 1240:Type 1 1215:8802-3 1193:Type 1 1190:Type 1 1141:Family 1057:CPF 6 1045:& 1041:CPF 3 1031:CPF 2 1025:CPF 1 962:SERCOS 956:MODBUS 927:CPF 6 918:& 914:CPF 3 908:CPF 2 895:SERCOS 888:MODBUS 844:SERCOS 823:CPF 6 817:CPF 5 808:CPF 3 802:CPF 2 796:CPF 1 669:ASHRAE 665:BACnet 659:BACnet 653:BACnet 629:Konnex 601:(HVAC) 363:Modbus 349:Modbus 343:MODBUS 266:ARCNET 200:Bitbus 129:analog 113:RS-232 72:valves 6200:J1708 6195:J1587 6190:IEBus 6114:M-Bus 5946:DyNet 5931:CEBus 5926:C-Bus 5599:81346 5594:80000 5589:42010 5584:39075 5579:38500 5574:33001 5569:29119 5565:29110 5561:27040 5556:27002 5546:27000 5541:26300 5536:24752 5531:24744 5526:24727 5521:24707 5516:23360 5511:23270 5506:23008 5501:23003 5496:23000 5491:22537 5486:22275 5481:21827 5476:21000 5471:20802 5466:20000 5461:19788 5456:19770 5451:19757 5446:19752 5441:18181 5436:18014 5431:18004 5426:17025 5421:17024 5416:16485 5411:16262 5406:15938 5401:15897 5396:15693 5391:15511 5386:15504 5381:15445 5376:15444 5371:15408 5366:15291 5361:15288 5356:14882 5351:14651 5346:14496 5341:14443 5336:13818 5331:13816 5326:13568 5316:13346 5311:13250 5306:12207 5301:11801 5296:11544 5291:11404 5286:11179 5281:11172 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