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448:. A wooden fence with thirteen posts and bars painted with the names of the original thirteen states was erected in front. At the entrance through the fence, an inscription said: "Portal to the tomb of 11,500 patriot prisoners, who died in dungeons and prison-ships, in and about the City of New-York, during the Revolution." The remains were put in long coffins made of bluestone. Extra space was provided in case more bones were discovered during continuing renovations in the Brooklyn Navy Yard. Little was done to repair or maintain the vault and eventually the original monument was in a state of disrepair and neglect. In 1839, Benjamin Romaine purchased the land where the Martyrs were buried, in a tax sale from
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slope of one side was used by the negro children while the slope of the other side amused the whites. The children of neither hue were concerned with the crime. They realized vaguely that something unusual had taken place, but it was not important enough to them to stop their daily sport." However, neglect and damage to the park required it to be renovated. The memorial had become so scarred by vandals and unkempt from lack of proper maintenance as to present a dilapidated appearance. Work was done to clean and preserve the site. A staircase and elevator were installed inside the large column, and it was reopened in 1937 by Park
Commissioner
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955:, who co-sponsored the bill, argued that the bill was a good idea because "this monument commemorates not only the sacrifices of soldiers in the Revolutionary War who dedicated themselves to the cause of liberty, but a reminder than even in wartime we must protect basic human rights. These thousands of deaths were an atrocity that should never occur again." Rep. Jeffries said that "as one of America's largest revolutionary war burial sites and in tribute to the patriots that lost their lives fighting for our nation's independence, this monument deserves to be considered as a unit of the National Park Service."
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Washington Park, was constructed. The new mausoleum was constructed of
Portland granite embellished with pillars and fret work of polished Aberdeen stone. The front of the tomb had the following inscription: "SACRED TO THE MEMORY, OF OUR SAILORS, SOLDIERS AND CITIZENS, WHO SUFFERED AND DIED ON BOARD BRITISH PRISON SHIPS IN THE WALLABOUT DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION". On June 18, 1873, the first tomb was emptied of bones and they were moved to this tomb. The bones remained here until interest was again built and a new monument could be constructed.
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part in the relighting of the flame to mark the 100th anniversary. That night, the column and urn were lit by a spectacular lighting scheme. The overall restoration cost for the monument from 2006 to 2008 was an estimated $ 5,100,000. However, in
November 2009, it was noted that the light was again not working. The parks department worked to restore the lights and noted that although the lights were working correctly, there was a programming issue with the light timer.
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655:. The work determined that the site at one time contained a deep void, but no foundations were found. They did find a massive stone side wall as well as the likely original post holes for the rail fence. The site development was allowed with a recommendation of a plaque when work was done. The redevelopment of the site was completed and eventually the property changed owners. The status of the plaque is not known and currently there is no plaque on the site.
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647:(formerly Jackson Street: named after an early donor of the property for the Monument in 1808). The goals of the dig were to review if any more human remains could be found on the site and if evidence of the original crypt remained. The site was scheduled for housing development to begin on the site. The Crypt location was specifically identified from an 1855
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passage is the brick-lined crypt. The crypt is approximately 15 to 20 feet (4.6 to 6.1 m) square. There are a series of slate coffins inserted into a double-set of shelves on the right and left. Various bones are said to be sorted by type into different coffins, presumably because individual bodies could not be identified and re-assembled for burial.
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573:. The principal address was delivered by Taft. He set out in detail the treatment of American prisoners and of the dead he said: "They died because of the cruelty of their immediate custodians and the neglect of those who, in higher authority, were responsible for their detention." He carefully described British culpability:
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743:, and were specifically located outside the office of the Parks Commissioner. Despite Roy Vanasco's efforts, the eagles remained there. In 1974, Joseph Bresnan, director of the monument division, promised the return of the eagles by late spring of that year, a commitment that was not honored. In 1995, Parks Commissioner
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The crypt is in a vault at the base of the stairs. Inside the vault the floor is made of concrete and the walls and ceiling are a bisque-colored brick. One enters the crypt through a copper-clad door. When entering it is three steps down and then a short passageway into the hill and at the end of the
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for $ 291.08. Later that year on July 4, 1839, Benjamin
Romaine made an appeal for support (governmental or civic) to build a monument. In this appeal, Romaine talked about the monument and his intention to use his Revolutionary War pension for the monument. On January 31, 1844, Benjamin Romaine died
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is responsible for the preservation and supervision of the monument. A budgetary study was conducted from March 6, 2006, to
September 5, 2008, on electrical improvements and the cost estimated at $ 341,000. The overall restoration cost for the monument from 2006 to 2008 was estimated at $ 5,100,000.
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Following the discovery of additional bones in the
Brooklyn Naval Yard in 1899, interest in establishing a significant monument was again renewed. On June 16, 1900, the bones found during additional excavations in the Brooklyn Navy Yard were interred in the crypt with full military honors. The boxes
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Near the monument, a small building designed to coordinate with the work of McKim, Mead, and White once provided restroom facilities but was re-purposed as a visitors' center for the park. The visitors center has pictorial exhibits plus displays of
Revolutionary War weapons and uniform buttons that
807:. The grand staircase of 100 80-foot-wide (24 m) granite steps rises in three stages. At the foot of the staircase, the entrance to the vault was covered by a slab of brown sandstone, now in storage, that bears the names of the 1808 monument committee and builders, as well as this inscription:
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As of 2005, none of the eagles had been reinstated at the park, despite the agreement made in 2003. It was not until 2008 that two original eagles and two replicas were finally returned to Fort Greene Park. However, two original eagles remained at the
Brooklyn Arsenal, contrary to the promises made
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The city launched the renovation of the Prison Ship
Monument with a $ 3.5 million budget in 2004. The scheduled repairs were plagued by cost overruns and the initial electrical contractor was fired by New York City and needed to be replaced. Additionally, a new spiral staircase was built inside the
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report of the incident described how the monument provided a play area for neighborhood children: " score of children, white and black, who live in the neighborhood were using the granite coping of the walls leading to the crypt as a sort of 'chute the chutes.' The color line was sharply drawn. The
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In
February 1914, one of the eagles was stolen. The thieves sold it as scrap metal for $ 24. They broke the eagle from the granite base, rolled it down the slope and loaded it on a three-wheeled pushcart, leaving tracks which the police were able to follow. When police found it at a recycling yard,
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full of bones were collected by the indefatigable industry of John Jackson, esq. the committee of Tammany Society, and other citizens, to be interred in the vault." The monument's dedication plaque estimates that 11,500 prisoners of war died in the prison ships, but others estimate the number to be
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Amidst controversies in 2000, including accusations against Stern for using the eagles as hat stands (which he denied), another promise to return the eagles was made but not realized. In 2003, a plan was proposed to return three of the original eagles, along with a replica, to the park. This plan,
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In December 2003, a dig was done on the original site of the Martyrs' Monument. The site dig was funded by a grant of $ 2,500 from the J. M. Kaplan Fund. It was supervised by Dr. Joan H. Geismar an archaeological consultant. The original site (block 44, lot 14 Brooklyn) is located on 89 Hudson Ave
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In 1995, an examination of the vault reported it held bone fragments in 20 slate boxes, each two by two by seven feet (0.61 by 0.61 by 2.13 m). During the park system's inspection in 1995, graffiti was noted to be on the crypt's interior walls. The graffiti is questionably dated to go back to
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Funding for a larger monument came from all levels of government. On June 28, 1902, a joint resolution of the House and Senate appropriated $ 100,000 for the memorial construction under the provision that an additional $ 100,000 be raised from other sources. In the following months, New York State
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asked the federal government to erect a monument to the fallen, but had no success They then turned their efforts to a grand ceremonial re-interment of the prisoners' remains, emphasizing less the construction of a monument than something more suited to the common man. Tammany formed the Wallabout
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In memory of the 11,500 patriotic American sailors and soldiers who endured untold suffering and died on the British prison ships anchored in Wallabout during the Revolutionary War, 1776 - 1782. Their remains lie buried in the crypt at the base of this monument which was dedicated on November 14,
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The restored monument was unveiled on November 15, 2008, a centennial celebration, at a rededication ceremony commissioned by the Fort Greene Park Conservancy to celebrate the centennial and re-dedication of the Fort Greene Park Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument. More than 500 people gathered to take
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On April 13, 1808, there was a ceremony to lay the cornerstone of a planned vault. A grand ceremony of re-interment followed on May 26, 1808. The state voted to provide the Tammany Society $ 1,000 to build a monument. The Society pocketed the money and the monument was never built. A small square
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I do not wish to be understood as charging that these conditions were due to the premeditations of the English commanders in chief or to the set purposes of anyone in authority having to do with the fate of the unfortunate men whose bravery and self-sacrifice this monument records. Such a charge
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and formed in 1896 in Brooklyn to foster the construction of a "suitable memorial to the memory of martyrs, civilian, military and naval, who perished in the noisome prison ships anchored in the Wallabout Bay during the Revolutionary War". The group quickly partnered with the Old Brooklynites to
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During a site review on January 7, 2000, Park System workers raised the lid of the stone coffin of Benjamin Romaine. The interior of the coffin appeared to have contained a partially collapsed wooden coffin. By then, the monument was missing plaques, the plaza was potholed, and the crypt had a
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Later in the nineteenth century, the idea of erecting of a monument on the vault site attracted only occasional interest until 1873 when an appropriation of $ 6,500 was established for a new mausoleum. The new 25-by-11-foot (7.6 by 3.4 m) brick mausoleum in Fort Greene Park, then known as
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met with resistance from the property owner when they sought to remove the bones to their churchyard. Nathaniel Scudder Prime reported on "skulls and feet, arms and legs sticking out of the crumbling bank in the wildest disorder". Edwin G. Burrows described the skulls on the coast "as thick as
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149 feet (45 m) in height sits over the crypt at the top of a 100-foot-wide (30 m) staircase with 99 steps. When it was built, it was the world's tallest Doric column. The column carries the inscription: "1776 THE PRISON SHIP MARTYRS MONUMENT 1908". The monument's column contained a
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By 1921, The twin helix stairways to the top of the monument, which visitors once paid a dime to climb, were closed. Until then, visitors could go to the top to get impressive views of Manhattan. In 1923, the bronze door to the crypt was "battered from its hinges" by vandals and the crypt was
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Four three-foot-high (0.91 m) open-winged 300-pound (140 kg) eagles stood at the corners of the 200-foot (61 m) square terrace at the column's base, each on its own two-foot (0.61 m) pedestal in front of a seven-foot (2.1 m) Doric column. They were designed by
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In the ensuing years, however, the park slowly decayed again and, by the 1970s, graffiti covered much of the base of the monument and vandalism was taking its toll. $ 251,000 was spent to repair the monument in 1974, as part of a larger $ 780,000 restoration of Fort Greene Park.
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combined. Prisoners of war who died were disposed of either by a quick interment on the shore or being thrown overboard. Following the end of the war in 1783, the remains of those who died on the prison ships were neglected, left to lie along the Brooklyn shore on
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provided $ 25,000, and New York City $ 50,000, while private contributions provided another $ 25,000. Following funds being established, the Prison Ship Martyrs Association was incorporated in Albany on May 9, 1903 to oversee the work and the renowned architect
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in New York Harbor and jails on shore for prisoners of war. Due to a combination of neglect, poor conditions on the ships and disease, thousands of American prisoners of war died onboard the prison ships and jails, more than in all the engagements of the
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watched along with approximately twenty thousand spectators as "the enormous flag draping the Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument on the highest point of Fort Greene Park, Brooklyn, was allowed to slide slowly to the ground from its heighth
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pumpkins in an autumn cornfield". During construction at the Naval Yards, workers were not sure what to do with the bones, and they started to fill casks and boxes. They were reburied on the grounds of the nearby John Jackson estate.
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At the top of the column are uprights two feet (0.61 m) in diameter which are the shape of lion's heads. Each head weighs more than 100 pounds (45 kg). These hold up the urn. At the top of the column is an eight-ton bronze
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Two of the original bronze eagles have been reinstated at the Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument in Fort Greene Park, accompanied by two replicas. The remaining two original eagles continue to be housed at the Central Park Arsenal.
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Currently surrounding the monument are secured exhibits explaining the history of the prison ships, the Battle of Brooklyn and a list of the 8,000 known martyrs. It is not documented when these exhibits were added.
325:. Constructed of granite, its single Doric column 149 feet (45 m) in height sits over the crypt at the top of a 100-foot-wide (30 m) 33-step staircase. At the top of the column is an eight-ton bronze
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building stood above the 1808 vault with an eagle mounted at the point of the roof. It was located on a triangular plot of land near the Brooklyn Navy Yard waterfront (Wallabout Bay) in what is now called
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Andros, Thomas. "The old Jersey captive: Or, A narrative of the captivity of Thomas Andros ... on board the old Jersey prison ship at New York, 1781. In a series of letters to a friend." W. Peirce. 1833.
947:. The study would look at what it would cost to run the park and how its proposed designation as a National Park would affect the surrounding area. The House voted on April 28, 2014 to pass the bill in a
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Lang, Patrick J.. "The horrors of the English prison ships, 1776 to 1783, and the barbarous treatment of the American patriots imprisoned on them." Society of the Friendly Sons of Saint Patrick, 1939.
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951:. The Department of the Interior supported the bill. The National Park Service said that "the monument commemorates the sacrifice over more than 11,000 patriots during the American Revolution." Rep.
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The dedication ceremony on November 14, 1908, included a parade with 15,000 participants, including military and National Guard units, veterans, and civic organizations, including representatives of
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reported that a committee had been appointed to build a larger memorial to replace the current one. Due to the work of this committee, funds for a new monument were finally considered and raised.
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On December 7, 1903 workman found the remains of two men at the site of the Old hall of Records at City Hall Park in New York City; it had been used as a prison during the American Revolution.
626:. Again, the park was neglected and restoration work was required. It began in 1948 to "keep the shrine from falling apart". The staircase and elevator, however, were both removed in 1949.
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deepened in the last years of the eighteenth century and the latter took up the question of a memorial in response to the Federalist erection of a statue of George Washington in 1803. The
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Cray, Robert E., Jr.. "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead: Revolutionary Memory and the Politics of Sepulture in the Early Republic, 1776–1808," Third series, vol. 56, no. 3, (July 1999)
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uncovered the remains, they were moved and re-interred in a crypt beneath a small monument. Funds were raised for a larger monument, which was designed by noted architect
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have been uncovered in the park over the years. It also houses a list of the 8,000 known prisoners on the ships copied from the records in the British War Department.
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was commissioned to design it. The contract for construction of the monument was awarded to Carlin Construction Company under the project supervision of Lieut. Col.
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317:, were engaged to prepare a new design for Washington Park as well as a new crypt for the remains of the prison ship martyrs. In 1873, after development near the
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858:. The urn, which is 22.5 feet (6.9 m) tall and weighs 7.5 tons, was cast by the Whale Creek Iron Works in Greepoint from designs of Manhattan sculptor
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of 1808, Tammany and the Republicans used their plans for a re-interment as part of their campaign to bolster anti-British sentiment in the United States.
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in which "both parties exceeded, in the tenderness and the care which they gave to the prisoners of the other, the requirements of the Hague Convention".
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memorial. A budgetary study was conducted from March 6, 2006 to September 5, 2008 on electrical improvements and the cost estimated to about $ 341,000.
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By 1962, all four eagles were removed from Fort Greene Park and placed into storage in Manhattan, primarily due to concerns over vandalism.
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1973, 1908, and as one tag was scribbled, 1776 — which is anachronistic considering that this was before the tomb was even built, in 1908.
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In 1966, Roy Vanasco, a local Republican leader, initiated inquiries regarding the location of the eagles. The eagles were tracked to the
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whistle blower, atop one of the four columns at the edge of the memorial. It was removed the same day by Parks Department personnel.
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staircase accessed by a bronze door. The stone for the monument came from Lacasse quarry, about four miles (6.4 km) east of
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A Dictionary, Geographical, Statistical, and Historical of the Countries, Places, and Principal Natural Objects in the World
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stemming from American disputes with Britain in 1806 and 1807. Finally, when President Thomas Jefferson enacted the
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reported that the dead came from all parts of the nation and "every state of the Union was represented among them."
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1908. This plaque was affixed by The Society of Old Brooklynites on June 1, 1960. Foelly Crane, M.D. President.
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has hosted an annual memorial for the martyrs every year since President Taft dedicated the monument in 1908.
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were reported to be oak, five feet (1.5 m) long and two feet (0.61 m) wide. On June 19, 1900, the
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to study the suitability and feasibility of designating the Prison Ship Martyr's Monument as a unit of the
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would make the British commanders human monsters. The conditions were the result of neglect, not design.
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2303:"Resurrecting Patriots, and Their Park; Shrine to Revolution's Martyrs Is Part of Fort Greene Renewal"
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1005:"Resurrecting Patriots, and Their Park; Shrine to Revolution's Martyrs Is Part of Fort Greene Renewal"
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The movement to commemorate the dead only took off when political differences between Federalists and
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In the first half of the 20th century efforts were made to seek a national designation. However, the
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Secretary's Report of the Obsequies of the Prison Ship Martyrs at Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, New York
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also pledged to return the eagles from outside his office, but this promise too was not fulfilled.
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A plaque was added in 1960 located across from the front label on the monument. The plaque reads:
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declined at the time and noted that the prisoners didn't die at the site itself. Currently, the
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2741:"Bill To Preserve Brooklyn's Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument Passes The House Of Representatives"
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An Historical Account of the Interment of the Remains of the American Martyrs at the Wallabout
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2161:"Restored Prison Ship Martyrs Monument At Fort Greene Unveiled On Its Centennial Celebration"
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introduced the Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument Preservation Act, which would have directed the
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2715:"Congresswoman Clarke Urges Designation Prison Ship Martyrs Monument as a National Monument"
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1733:"Monument Contract Let. Carlin Construction Company to Build Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument"
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2587:"American Prisoners of the Revolution Names of 8000 Men Aboard the Old Jersey Prison ship"
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2044:"What Remains of the Day; In Vinegar Hill, a Last Look at a Revolutionary War Grave Site"
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He discussed the treatment of prisoners of war throughout history and praised the recent
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The memorial History of the City of New-York, From its First Settlement to the Year 1892
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2337:"Eagles' Nest In Manhattan Irks Brooklyn; Officials and Veterans Want Statues Returned"
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Forgotten Patriots: The Untold Story of American Prisoners During the Revolutionary War
565:] of 198 feet in the air". The ceremony was opened with a prayer delivered by Rev.
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of Spain dedicated a plaque honoring the 700 Spaniards who died on the prison ships.
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Their remains were first gathered and interred in 1808. In 1867 landscape architects
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1467:. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1852, vol. 1, p. 474. Accessed January 17, 2012
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and was also interred in the crypt as he had been a prisoner of war on the ships.
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A History of Long Island: From Its First Settlement by Europeans to the Year 1845
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The NYC Department of Parks and Recreation sign located next to the monument.
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Mindful Walker: "In Our Midst: The Prison Ship Martyrs," September 30, 2010
2126:"Renovation of Prison Ship Martyrs Memorial Will Light Up Fort Greene Park"
1941:"Historic Fort Greene Park is Reopened; Ceremony Marks Restoration of Area"
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of November 11, 1908 having engravings of the 1839 and 1867 tomb memorials
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delivered the principal address when the monument was dedicated in 1908.
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1377:"Timeline of the Burial of the Prison Ship Martyrs and Benjamin Romaine"
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Prison ships in the Revolution: New facts in regard to their management
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the wings of the eagle had already been removed and partially melted.
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Committee in January 1808. Their efforts took strength from renewed
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American Revolutionary War prisoners of war held by Great Britain
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During the Revolutionary War, the British maintained a series of
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1894:"Memorial to Revolutionary War patriots shines anew in Brooklyn"
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Catalogue of the Works of Art Belonging to the City of New York
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Childs, C.C. & Childs, E., Jr. "The tomb of the martyrs".
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however, faced delays due to the need for various approvals.
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2717:. Office of Yvette D. Clarke. April 29, 2014. Archived from
2182:"Bust of Edward Snowden Sneaked Into, Removed From NYC Park"
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in their first parade since the Civil War. President-elect
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as well as a mid-19th-century manuscript map found in the
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and the purpose was to protect New York from the British.
2536:"Fort Greene Historic District Designation Report",p. 11.
1056:"Fort Greene Park: Prison Ship Martyrs Monument: History"
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Historical Marker Database: Prison Ship Martyrs Monument
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Program for the dedication ceremonies, November 14, 1908
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2743:. Office of Congressman Hakeem Jeffries. April 29, 2014
2456:"Monumental day in Fort Greene Park! • Brooklyn Paper"
2430:"Monumental day in Fort Greene Park! • Brooklyn Paper"
1397:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", pp. 584–5.
1388:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", pp. 578–9.
1355:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", pp. 575–8.
1021:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", pp. 568–9.
2488:(1920), Vol. II, pp. 27–8. Accessed: January 17, 2012
2031:"Prison Ship Martyrs Monument, Fort Greene, Brooklyn"
2137:
2135:
1181:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", p. 573.
2687:
2685:
1577:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", p. 588.
1207:
Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead", p. 574.
3709:American Revolutionary War monuments and memorials
2772:"Fort Greene Historic District Designation Report"
1877:Documents of the Assembly of the State of New York
1750:
1748:
1746:
1615:"Fort Greene Historic District Designation Report"
1482:"Fort Greene Park's Prison Ships Martyrs Monument"
1438:
1436:
1408:
3592:
2132:
910:
759:
586:on the rights of prisoners of war and the recent
433:
3700:
2682:
2165:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
2095:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
1626:"The Prison Ship Martyrs" (letter to the editor)
1060:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
929:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
356:
145:New York City Department of Parks and Recreation
2768:New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission
1743:
1693:Cray, "Commemorating the Prison Ship Dead," 589
1433:
1098:
1012:(September 23, 1995). Accessed January 17, 2012
3724:New York City Designated Landmarks in Brooklyn
3429:European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal
2642:
2000:on the Prison Ship Martyrs Association website
1517:. December 19, 2003. p. 1. Archived from
798:Constructed of granite, the monument's single
731:Inquiries and Unfulfilled Promises (1966-1995)
3494:
3297:
2840:
1585:
1583:
1415:. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. p.
722:
460:The new monument in Washington Park, Brooklyn
259:who died in captivity aboard sixteen British
3311:
2554:(March 10, 1974). Accessed: January 17, 2012
2478:
2476:
1411:The Tiger: The Rise and Fall of Tammany Hall
1161:
1159:
1157:
1155:
666:In April 2015, a group of anonymous vandals
518:. In 1776, Fort Greene Park was the site of
478:
464:
255:. It commemorates more than 11,500 American
3749:New York (state) in the American Revolution
2018:(June 10, 1973). Accessed: January 17, 2012
1452:on the Fort Greene Park Conservancy website
1289:"Memorial to martyred mariners rededicated"
965:Prisoners in the American Revolutionary War
697:One of Adolph Weinman's original eagles at
600:
438:
363:Prisoners in the American Revolutionary War
3764:Buildings and structures completed in 1908
3508:
3501:
3487:
3304:
3290:
2847:
2833:
2733:
2453:
2427:
2235:"Wind at Their Back, the Eagles Soar Home"
2201:"Wind at Their Back, the Eagles Soar Home"
2143:"It's lights out at Prison Ships memorial"
2108:"AAR Prison Ship Martyrs Monument 8/23/08"
2079:
2077:
2075:
2011:"Restoration of Fort Greene Park to Begin"
1643:"Prison Ship Martyrs Buried in Fort Greene
1580:
1029:
1027:
24:
3794:Sculptures of eagles in the United States
3691:: † No longer extant or on public display
3214:Washington calls off invasion of New York
2526:. William T. Comstock. 1909. p. 146.
2473:
1841:
1839:
1300:
1298:
1152:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
833:Order of the City of New York. The ground
739:, the administrative headquarters of the
510:(1853–1906) of the architectural firm of
3734:Vandalized works of art in New York City
3373:Drafting the Declaration of Independence
2707:
2505:United States Department of the Interior
1568:(January 18, 1873) and (January 8, 1888)
1475:
1473:
1262:Giddens, Elizabeth (September 2, 2011).
1105:Hanford, William H. (January 15, 1852).
914:
821:liberty & their country on board the
789:
786:One of the four mascarons on the brazier
781:
455:
344:
223:
3784:Sculptures of birds in New York (state)
3744:Monumental columns in the United States
3054:Battle of Freeman's Farm (1st Saratoga)
2695:. National Park Service. March 17, 2014
2672:"Prison Ship Martyrs bill passes House"
2625:
2619:
2597:
2334:
2153:
2072:
1702:"Gleanings from American Art Centers,"
1506:
1504:
1502:
1367:on the New York Society Library website
1329:
1304:
1261:
1233:
1104:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1024:
829:which contains their relics. Erected by
823:prison ships of the British (during the
817:tion of American seamen, soldiers &
751:Renewed Promises and Delays (2000-2003)
3701:
3064:Battle of Bemis Heights (2nd Saratoga)
3059:Battle of Forts Clinton and Montgomery
2539:
2500:The Commercial Granites of New England
2454:McLaughlin, Mike (November 17, 2008).
2428:McLaughlin, Mike (November 17, 2008).
2301:Martin, Douglas (September 23, 1995).
2300:
2266:
2232:
2198:
1836:
1295:
986:
835:for which was bestowed by John Jackson
794:The plaque at the base of the monument
593:Following the initial dedication, the
3482:
3285:
3271:Washington's Farewell to His Officers
3240:Washington's Headquarters at Newburgh
2828:
2693:"The Morning Report – March 17, 2014"
2547:"Fort Greene Park to Get Lost Eagles"
2368:
2269:"Fort Greene Park To Get Lost Eagles"
1589:
1479:
1470:
1406:
1216:
1089:
827:This is the corner stone of the vault
825:Revolutionary War) at the Wall-about.
819:citizens who perished in the cause of
271:beneath its base. The ships included
3779:1908 establishments in New York City
2084:"Fort Greene Park: Capital Projects"
1970:"Shaft of Martyrs Saved in Brooklyn"
1912:"Smash Bronze Door to Martyrs' Tomb"
1847:"Huge Bronze Eagle Stolen from Park"
1660:"For Monument toPrison Ship Martyrs"
1499:
1042:
935:On April 11, 2013, U.S. Congressman
681:
404:
202:Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument (2013)
156:Monument in Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
3739:Monuments and memorials in Brooklyn
3632:Pee Wee Reese & Jackie Robinson
3342:Union Soldiers and Sailors Monument
2948:Submarine attack in New York Harbor
2856:New York in the American Revolution
1813:"Martyrs' Monument Day in Brooklyn"
1756:"Taft and Hughes at Martyrs' Shaft"
1706:, vol. 12, no. 4 (July 1903), 291–2
1137:"Skeletons Found in City Hall Park"
473:
13:
2523:Architects' and Builders' Magazine
2369:Fried, Joseph P. (July 27, 2003).
2097:website. Accessed January 16, 2012
1443:"The Prison Ship Martyrs Monument"
1311:. Frank, White, and Co. p. 85
841:of the institution the 19th and of
14:
3815:
3769:Stone sculptures in New York City
2778:
2628:"Legislative Digest on H.R. 1501"
2626:Leviner, Emily (April 28, 2014).
1217:Prime, Nathaniel Scudder (1845).
837:Nassau Island, season of blossoms
815:sacred to the memory of that por-
768:
3754:Martyrs' monuments and memorials
3719:American Revolutionary War sites
2933:New York and New Jersey campaign
2267:Gordon, David (March 10, 1974).
831:the Tammany Society or Columbian
705:
690:
492:increase focus on the memorial.
207:
195:
3799:People who died on prison ships
2811:Prison Ship Martyrs Association
2793:Prison Ship Martyrs Association
2664:
2579:
2557:
2530:
2514:
2509:United States Geological Survey
2491:
2447:
2421:
2396:
2362:
2335:Barstow, David (May 18, 2000).
2328:
2294:
2260:
2226:
2192:
2171:
2118:
2100:
2054:
2036:
2003:
1991:
1962:
1933:
1904:
1868:
1805:
1779:
1726:
1709:
1696:
1687:
1670:
1653:
1636:
1618:
1609:
1571:
1536:
1455:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1370:
1358:
1349:
1323:
1281:
1255:
1227:
1210:
1201:
1184:
1175:
1145:. December 7, 1903. p. 2.
925:U.S. Department of the Interior
641:
605:
483:The Fort Greene chapter of the
3729:Outdoor sculptures in Brooklyn
3423:Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal
2953:Staten Island Peace Conference
2565:"Prison Ship Martyrs Monument"
1793:. November 15, 1908. p. 6
1129:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1015:
911:Maintenance and responsibility
843:American Independence the 32nd
777:
760:Partial Resolution (2005-2008)
741:New York City Parks Department
434:Precursor vaults and monuments
1:
3678:Bruce High Quality Foundation
3572:Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument
3446:American Palladium Eagle coin
3435:J. Sanford Saltus Medal Award
3362:
3335:Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument
3100:Raid on Unadilla and Onaquaga
2404:"Park Restoration Highlights"
2233:Mooney, Jake (May 29, 2005).
2199:Mooney, Jake (May 29, 2005).
1787:"Nation Honors Martyred Dead"
1264:"Memorials and the Forgotten"
975:
811:In the name of the spirits of
529:
357:Remains of deceased prisoners
329:, a funeral urn, by sculptor
234:Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument
19:Prison Ship Martyrs' Monument
1480:Hinds, Kate (May 31, 2010).
970:List of British prison hulks
877:
839:year of discovery, the 316th
30:The monument in January 2024
7:
3577:Soldiers' and Sailors' Arch
3411:Walking Liberty half dollar
2943:New York Prison Ships begin
2912:Capture of Fort Ticonderoga
2875:First Liberty poles erected
1801:– via Newspapers.com.
1339:Long Island History Journal
1335:"The Prisoners of New York"
1090:Banks, James Lenox (1903).
958:
595:Society of Old Brooklynites
10:
3820:
3440:American Silver Eagle coin
3080:Setauket Spy Ring launched
1448:September 3, 2013, at the
1305:De Witt, Benjamin (1808).
723:Removal and Storage (1962)
374:American Revolutionary War
360:
340:
265:American Revolutionary War
3686:
3670:
3562:Henry W. Maxwell Memorial
3516:
3455:
3395:
3319:
3266:British evacuate New York
3253:
3232:
3197:
3189:Battle of Fort St. George
3154:
3118:
3072:
3019:Siege of Fort Ticonderoga
3001:
2993:Battle of Fort Washington
2925:
2904:
2888:
2862:
2650:"H.R. 1501 – All Actions"
2482:New York Art Commission,
1716:"For Prison Ship Martyrs"
1544:Benjamin Romaine's Review
1407:Allen, Oliver E. (1993).
1241:. New York: Basic Books.
1191:"The Prison-Ship Martyrs"
941:Secretary of the Interior
479:Planning and construction
465:Second vault and monument
396:Eventually, "near twenty
150:
140:
130:
120:
112:
94:
86:
49:
35:
23:
18:
3405:Winged Liberty Head dime
3358:Fountain of the Centaurs
3328:General Alexander Macomb
3313:Adolph Alexander Weinman
2978:Battle of Valcour Island
2973:Execution of Nathan Hale
2963:Battle of Harlem Heights
2652:. United States Congress
2607:. United States Congress
2089:January 8, 2010, at the
1677:"To Prison Ship Martyrs"
860:Adolph Alexander Weinman
676:National Security Agency
601:Neglect and restorations
554:, and Delaware Governor
439:First vault and monument
3789:Works by Adolph Weinman
3417:American Campaign Medal
3209:runs aground at Montauk
3184:Battle of Klock's Field
3162:Battle of Young's House
3095:Attack on German Flatts
3049:Battle of Staten Island
2112:Gathering of Eagles: NY
2033:on the RootsWeb website
1592:"Revolutionary Martyrs"
1561:"Revolutionary Martyrs"
1379:on the RootsWeb website
1167:"Revolutionary Martyrs"
512:McKim, Mead & White
489:Eliza M. Chandler White
388:Officials of the local
100:; 115 years ago
3510:Public art in Brooklyn
3146:Boyd and Parker ambush
3110:Cherry Valley massacre
3090:West Point established
2988:Battle of White Plains
2983:Battle of Pell's Point
2968:Great Fire of New York
920:
889:
847:
795:
787:
672:bust of Edward Snowden
649:Perris insurance atlas
580:
550:, New Jersey Governor
461:
424:anti-British sentiment
411:Democratic-Republicans
353:
229:
3774:Fort Greene, Brooklyn
3653:James S. T. Stranahan
3550:Dover Patrol Monument
3538:Brooklyn War Memorial
3468:Audrey Munson (model)
3386:Daniel Chester French
3219:Battle of Fort Slongo
3126:Battle of Stony Point
3029:Siege of Fort Stanwix
2938:Battle of Long Island
2896:Battle of Golden Hill
2605:"H.R. 1501 – Summary"
2460:www.brooklynpaper.com
2434:www.brooklynpaper.com
1033:Wilson, James Grant.
918:
884:
809:
793:
785:
575:
459:
390:Dutch Reformed Church
348:
303:Frederick Law Olmsted
227:
217:'s brazier at the top
3658:Gouverneur K. Warren
3602:Christopher Columbus
3463:Robert Weinman (son)
3085:Battle of Cobleskill
3039:Battle of Bennington
2958:Landing at Kip's Bay
2774:(September 26, 1978)
2167:. November 15, 2008.
2149:. November 16, 2009.
1791:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1565:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1524:on December 30, 2013
945:National Park System
845:April the 6th, 1808.
737:Central Park Arsenal
548:Charles Evans Hughes
546:, New York Governor
536:Tammany Hall Society
90:149 feet (45 meters)
3642:Henry Warner Slocum
3617:Ruth Bader Ginsburg
3261:Newburgh Conspiracy
3224:Battle of Johnstown
3136:Sullivan Expedition
3024:Battle of Fort Anne
2807:, additional images
2801:, additional images
2630:. House Republicans
2051:(December 13, 2003)
2009:Lockwood, Charles.
1901:(November 14, 2008)
1898:New York Daily News
1824:. November 14, 1908
1767:. November 15, 1908
1590:McDonnell, Sharon.
1165:McDonnell, Sharon.
712:A replica eagle in
668:illicitly installed
542:, Secretary of War
540:William Howard Taft
401:as high as 18,000.
335:William Howard Taft
177:40.6918°N 73.9756°W
173: /
71:40.6918°N 73.9756°W
67: /
3612:William Jay Gaynor
3607:Henry Ward Beecher
3567:Lafayette Memorial
3179:conspiracy exposed
3167:First Purple Heart
3131:Battle of Minisink
3044:Battle of Setauket
3034:Battle of Oriskany
2917:Invasion of Canada
2880:Stamp Act Congress
2375:The New York Times
2341:The New York Times
2307:The New York Times
2273:The New York Times
2239:The New York Times
2205:The New York Times
2186:The New York Times
2147:The Brooklyn Paper
2114:. August 25, 2008.
1856:. February 2, 1914
1597:. Fort Greene Park
1365:"Benjamin Romaine"
1268:The New York Times
1198:(January 21, 1877)
1172:(March/April 2007)
921:
796:
788:
765:for their return.
462:
419:Samuel L. Mitchill
354:
333:. President-elect
319:Brooklyn Navy Yard
230:
3696:
3695:
3666:
3665:
3627:Robert F. Kennedy
3476:
3475:
3279:
3278:
3141:Battle of Newtown
3014:Saratoga campaign
2815:additional images
2678:. April 29, 2014.
2497:Dale, T. Nelson.
1461:McCulloch, J. R.
1331:Burrows, Edwin G.
1235:Burrows, Edwin G.
1003:Martin, Douglas.
893:Bicentennial Year
813:the departed free
682:The Bronze Eagles
653:National Archives
588:Sino-Japanese War
450:Henry Reed Stiles
405:Political resolve
182:40.6918; -73.9756
154:
153:
105:November 14, 1908
98:November 14, 1908
76:40.6918; -73.9756
3811:
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2786:New York Tribune
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1740:(March 12, 1907)
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1704:Brush and Pencil
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805:Newport, Vermont
714:Fort Greene Park
709:
694:
584:Hague Convention
567:S. Parkes Cadman
474:Current monument
352:on June 16, 1900
257:prisoners of war
242:Fort Greene Park
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3759:1908 sculptures
3699:
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3637:Alexander Skene
3622:John F. Kennedy
3594:
3588:
3525:Bailey Fountain
3512:
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3381:Four Continents
3365:
3350:Abraham Lincoln
3315:
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3245:Newburgh letter
3228:
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3105:Carleton's Raid
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2870:Sons of Liberty
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2545:Gordon, David.
2544:
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2511:, 1923. p. 120.
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2189:(April 6, 2015)
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800:Doric column
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670:a 100-pound
665:
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645:
642:21st century
636:
632:
628:
624:Robert Moses
616:
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606:20th century
592:
581:
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571:Thomas Walsh
560:
533:
524:Rufus Putnam
504:
497:
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482:
468:
446:Vinegar Hill
442:
408:
395:
387:
382:
369:prison ships
366:
311:Central Park
307:Calvert Vaux
300:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
274:
261:prison ships
238:war memorial
233:
231:
158:
3556:Four Eagles
3376:(1939-1943)
3366: 1926
2571:December 3,
1983:December 3,
1954:December 3,
1925:December 3,
1860:December 3,
1828:November 8,
1771:January 17,
1528:January 13,
1491:December 3,
1315:January 13,
897:Juan Carlos
891:During the
856:funeral urn
778:Description
745:Henry Stern
699:The Arsenal
556:Preston Lea
520:Fort Putnam
428:Embargo Act
263:during the
180: /
74: /
50:Coordinates
3703:Categories
3595:sculptures
3398:and medals
3320:Sculptures
3009:Meigs Raid
2465:January 9,
2439:January 9,
2413:January 9,
2388:January 9,
2354:January 9,
2320:January 9,
2286:January 9,
2252:January 9,
2218:January 9,
2066:google.com
976:References
949:voice vote
559: [
530:Dedication
168:73°58′32″W
165:40°41′30″N
116:1974, 2008
62:73°58′32″W
59:40°41′30″N
2383:0362-4331
2349:0362-4331
2315:0362-4331
2281:0362-4331
2247:0362-4331
2213:0362-4331
878:Additions
398:hogsheads
292:Stromboli
244:, in the
121:Architect
95:Dedicated
3593:Portrait
3207:Culloden
2591:usmm.org
2087:Archived
1601:April 9,
1446:Archived
1333:(2011).
1237:(2008).
959:See also
288:Falmouth
280:Scorpion
253:Brooklyn
131:Sculptor
113:Restored
44:Brooklyn
36:Location
3671:Related
3456:Related
2795:website
2093:on the
1880:. 1914.
1624:C.B.B.
1062:website
1058:on the
852:brazier
341:Context
327:brazier
249:borough
103: (
3532:Beacon
3431:(1942)
3425:(1942)
3419:(1942)
3413:(1916)
3407:(1916)
3384:(with
3353:(1909)
3345:(1909)
3337:(1908)
3331:(1908)
3172:Arnold
2747:May 1,
2725:May 1,
2699:May 1,
2656:May 1,
2634:May 1,
2611:May 1,
2381:
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2279:
2245:
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674:, the
296:Hunter
275:Jersey
87:Height
3583:Unity
3517:Works
3396:Coins
3176:André
1973:(PDF)
1944:(PDF)
1915:(PDF)
1850:(PDF)
1816:(PDF)
1759:(PDF)
1595:(PDF)
1522:(PDF)
1515:(PDF)
1110:(PDF)
981:Notes
854:or a
269:crypt
236:is a
3254:1783
3233:1782
3205:HMS
3198:1781
3155:1780
3119:1779
3073:1778
3002:1777
2926:1776
2905:1775
2889:1770
2863:1765
2749:2014
2727:2014
2701:2014
2658:2014
2636:2014
2613:2014
2573:2012
2467:2024
2441:2024
2415:2024
2390:2024
2379:ISSN
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2322:2024
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2288:2024
2277:ISSN
2254:2024
2243:ISSN
2220:2024
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1956:2012
1927:2012
1862:2012
1830:2014
1799:2016
1773:2012
1603:2015
1530:2013
1493:2012
1486:WNYC
1421:ISBN
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1317:2013
1275:2013
1243:ISBN
1123:2011
313:and
305:and
284:Hope
273:HMS
232:The
3689:Key
562:sic
485:DAR
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