Printing - Knowledge

1430: 1365: 1268: 1756: 1904: 1696: 1256: 1338:, published in 1377, is the earliest known metal printed book. Type-casting was used, adapted from the method of casting coins. The character was cut in beech wood, which was then pressed into a soft clay to form a mould, and bronze poured into the mould, and finally the type was polished. Eastern metal movable type was spread to Europe between the late 14th and early 15th centuries. The Korean form of metal movable type was described by the French scholar Henri-Jean Martin as "extremely similar to Gutenberg's". Authoritative historians 97: 2674: 2531: 1195: 8304: 6274: 5437: 1759: 33: 1758: 1764: 1762: 1757: 5447: 1346: 1763: 5427: 1761: 1937: 6284: 999: 1464:, ultimately allowed millions of copies of a page in a single day. Mass production of printed works flourished after the transition to rolled paper, as continuous feed allowed the presses to run at a much faster pace. Hoe's original design operated at up to 2,000 revolutions per hour where each revolution deposited 4 page images, giving the press a throughput of 8,000 pages per hour. By 1891, The 2048: 2007:, beginning in 1470 in Rome, then spreading to other cities including Bari, Pisa, Livorno, and Mantua. Local rulers had the authority to grant or revoke licenses to publish Hebrew books, and many of those printed during this period carry the words 'con licenza de superiori' (indicating their printing having been officially licensed) on their title pages. 1777:

transfer moves the image to a printing substrate (typically paper), making the image right-reading again. Offset printing uses a lithographic process which is based on the repulsion of oil and water. The offset process employs a flat (planographic) image carrier (plate) which is mounted on a press cylinder. The image to be printed obtains

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did not see a need for a university library based on the idea that professor were the library. Libraries also began receiving so many books from gifts and purchases that they began to run out of room. However, the issue was solved in 1589 by a man named Merton who decided books should be stored on horizontal shelves rather than

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Briggs, Asa and Burke, Peter (2002) However, more correctly it should be described as the other way around. Gutenberg's form of metal movable type was extremely similar to the Korean Jikji's, which was printed 78 years prior to the Gutenberg Bible. A Social History of the Media: from Gutenberg to the

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The printed press changed university libraries in many ways. Professors were finally able to compare the opinions of different authors rather than being forced to look at only one or two specific authors. Textbooks themselves were also being printed in different levels of difficulty, rather than just

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It was thought that the introduction of printing 'would strengthen religion and enhance the power of monarchs.' The majority of books were of a religious nature, with the church and crown regulating the content. The consequences of printing 'wrong' material were extreme. Meyrowitz used the example of

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At this time, universities began establishing accompanying libraries. "Cambridge made the chaplain responsible for the library in the fifteenth century but this position was abolished in 1570 and in 1577 Cambridge established the new office of university librarian. Although, the University of Leuven

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series, and the InfoPrint 5000. The iGen3 and Nexpress use toner particles and the Indigo uses liquid ink. The InfoPrint 5000 is a full-color, continuous forms inkjet drop-on-demand printing system. All handle variable data, and rival offset in quality. Digital offset presses are also called direct

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technique, where the image being printed is made up of small depressions in the surface of the printing plate. The cells are filled with ink, and the excess is scraped off the surface with a doctor blade. Then a rubber-covered roller presses paper onto the surface of the plate and into contact with

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At the present time, the only known authoritative account of the invention of movable type by a commoner named Pi Sheng (c. 990–1051) is the contemporary record of Shen Kua (1031–) Although the process went into eclipse after its inception, it was a complete invention and fully four hundred years

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Vendors typically stress the total cost to operate the equipment, involving complex calculations that include all cost factors involved in the operation as well as the capital equipment costs, amortization, etc. For the most part, toner systems are more economical than inkjet in the long run, even

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Offset printing is a widely used modern printing process. This technology is best described as when a positive (right-reading) image on a printing plate is inked and transferred (or "offset") from the plate to a rubber blanket. The blanket image becomes a mirror image of the plate image. An offset

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by 1298 had carved a more durable type from wood. He also developed a complex system of revolving tables and number-association with written Chinese characters that made typesetting and printing more efficient. Still, the main method in use there remained woodblock printing (xylography), which

2646:) primarily uses an electrical charge to transfer toner or liquid ink to the substrate onto which it is printed. Digital print quality has steadily improved from early color and black and white copiers to sophisticated colour digital presses such as the Xerox iGen3, the Kodak Nexpress, the HP 1210:

Block printing first came to Europe as a method for printing on cloth, where it was common by 1300. Images printed on cloth for religious purposes could be quite large and elaborate. When paper became relatively easily available, around 1400, the technique transferred very quickly to small

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Before the invention of the printing press, most written material was in Latin. However, after the invention of printing the number of books printed expanded as well as the vernacular. Latin was not replaced completely, but remained an international language until the eighteenth century.

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To print an image without a blank area around the image, the non-printing areas must be trimmed after printing. Crop marks can be used to show the printer where the printing area ends, and the non-printing area begins. The part of the image which is trimmed off is called

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from ink rollers, while the non-printing area attracts an (acidic) film of water, keeping the non-image areas ink-free. Most offset presses use three cylinders: Plate, blanket, impression. Currently, most books and newspapers are printed using offset lithography.

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Private reading: Reading was linked to the rise of individualism because, before print, reading was often a group event in which one person would read to a group. With print, both literacy and the availability of texts increased, and solitary reading became the

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Gravure printing is known for its ability to produce high-quality, high-resolution images with accurate color reproduction and using viscosity control equipment during production. Ink evaporation control affects the change in the color of the printed image.

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Gravure printing is used for long, high-quality print runs such as magazines, mail-order catalogues, packaging and printing onto fabric and wallpaper. It is also used for printing postage stamps and decorative plastic laminates, such as kitchen worktops.

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Dangerous reading: Reading was seen as a dangerous pursuit because it was considered rebellious and unsociable, especially in the case of women, because reading could stir up dangerous emotions such as love, and if women could read, they could read love

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Extensive reading: Once print made a wide range of texts available, earlier habits of intensive reading of texts from start to finish began to change, and people began reading selected excerpts, allowing much more extensive reading on a wider range of

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were the most common. There is still some controversy among scholars as to whether their introduction preceded or, in the majority view, followed the introduction of movable type, with the estimated range of dates being between about 1440 and 1460.

1848:, used typically to print a small number of books or packaging, and also to print a variety of materials: from high quality papers simulating offset printing, to floor tiles. Inkjet is also used to apply mailing addresses to direct mail pieces 4487: 2027:

Print gave a broader range of readers access to knowledge and enabled later generations to build directly on the intellectual achievements of earlier ones without the changes arising within verbal traditions. Print, according to

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and enthusiastic about social and cultural reforms, wrote in 1641 that "the art of printing will so spread knowledge that the common people, knowing their own rights and liberties, will not be governed by way of oppression".

2707:. As of 2019, the precision, repeatability, and material range of 3D printing have increased to the point that some 3D printing processes are considered viable as an industrial-production technology, whereby the term 1828:. The process is used for flexible packaging, corrugated board, labels, newspapers and more. In this market it competes with gravure printing by holding 80% of the market in US, 50% in Europe but only 20% in Asia. 2995: 1996:. It operated until 1742, producing altogether seventeen works, all of which were concerned with non-religious, utilitarian matters. Printing did not become common in the Islamic world until the 19th century. 2699:

using 3D printers. The objects are created by laying down or building up many thin layers of material in succession. The technique is also known as additive manufacturing, rapid prototyping, or fabricating.

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it, and presses paper against it to transfer the ink from the type which creates an impression on the paper. There is different paper for different works the quality of paper shows different ink to use.

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It is estimated that following the innovation of Gutenberg's printing press, the European book output rose from a few million to around one billion copies within a span of less than four centuries.

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In 1997, Time–Life magazine picked Gutenberg's invention to be the most important of the second millennium. In 1999, the A&E Network voted Johannes Gutenberg "Man of the Millennium". See also

1854:(toner printing) mainly used in offices and for transactional printing (bills, bank documents). Laser printing is commonly used by direct mail companies to create variable data letters or coupons. 1661:, in which the printing areas are on fine mesh screens through which ink can penetrate, and the non-printing areas are a stencil over the screen to block the flow of ink in those areas, examples: 1125:. By the tenth century, 400,000 copies of some sutras and pictures were printed, and the Confucian classics were in print. A skilled printer could print up to 2,000 double-page sheets per day. 1387:, adaptations to the screw-press, the use of an oil-based ink, and the creation of a softer and more absorbent paper. Gutenberg was the first to create his type pieces from an alloy of lead, 1471:

The rotary printing press uses impressions curved around a cylinder to print on long continuous rolls of paper or other substrates. Rotary drum printing was later significantly improved by

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identifies two long-term effects of the invention of printing. She claims that print created a sustained and uniform reference for knowledge and allowed comparisons of incompatible views.

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Buringh, Eltjo; van Zanden, Jan Luiten: "Charting the 'Rise of the West': Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe, A Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries",

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Lam, Hugo K.S.; Ding, Li; Cheng, T.C.E.; Zhou, Honggeng (January 1, 2019). "The impact of 3D printing implementation on stock returns: A contingent dynamic capabilities perspective".

3577: 1619:, in which the printing and non-printing areas are on the same plane surface and the difference between them is maintained chemically or by physical properties, the examples are: 2747:

of using needles pushed through a stencil onto the target paper, fabric or plaster, to provide guidelines for subsequent artwork: this cannot reasonably be described as printing.

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claimed that "The Asian priority of invention movable type is now firmly established, and that Chinese-Korean technique, or a report of it traveled westward is almost certain."

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In the 1980s, 3D printing techniques were considered suitable only for the production of functional or aesthetic prototypes, and a more appropriate term for it at the time was

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the ink in the cells. The printing cylinders are usually made from copper plated steel, which is subsequently chromed, and may be produced by diamond engraving; etching, or

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Gutenberg's printing press had profound impacts on universities as well. Universities were influenced in their "language of scholarship, libraries, curriculum, pedagogy"

4817: 1406:, movable type page setting and printing using a press was faster and more durable. Also, the metal type pieces were sturdier and the lettering more uniform, leading to 2992: 2075:

Critical reading: Because texts finally became accessible to the general population, critical reading emerged as people were able to form their own opinions on texts.

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Paulsen, Jason A.; Renn, Michael; Christenson, Kurt; Plourde, Richard (October 2012). "Printing conformal electronics on 3D structures with Aerosol Jet technology".

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using a number of other scripts. This technique then spread to Persia and Russia. This technique was transmitted to Europe by around 1400 and was used on paper for

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The earliest examples of ink-squeeze rubbings and potential stone printing blocks appear in the mid-sixth century in China. A type of printing called mechanical

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is a technique for printing text, images or patterns that was used widely throughout East Asia. It originated in China in antiquity as a method of printing on

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imaging presses, although these presses can receive computer files and automatically turn them into print-ready plates, they cannot insert variable data.

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around 1436, in partnership with Andreas Dritzehen – whom he had previously instructed in gem-cutting – and Andreas Heilmann, the owner of a paper mill.

1642:, in which the non-printing areas are on a plane surface and the printing area are etched or engraved below the surface, examples: steel die engraving, 8615: 4272: 4232: 6320: 1964:

was in Hebrew in 1493, after which both religious and non-religious texts were able to be printed in Hebrew. According to an imperial ambassador to

1230:, woodcut books with both text and images, usually carved in the same block, emerged as a cheaper alternative to manuscripts and books printed with 4207: 6758: 4432: 4141: 4070: 2870: 1186:. The printing technique in Egypt was embraced by reproducing texts on paper strips and supplying them in different copies to meet the demand. 2082:

Creative reading: Printing allowed people to read texts and interpret them creatively, often in very different ways than the author intended.

1636:, in which the printing areas are on a plane surface and the non printing areas are below the surface, examples: flexography and letterpress. 1418:(1455) established the superiority of movable type for Western languages. The printing press rapidly spread across Europe, leading up to the 461: 6184: 2931: 3044: 1429: 8521: 7892: 930:

made on paper or cloth from texts on stone tablets, used during the sixth century. Printing by pressing an inked image onto paper (using

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established the first press for printing in Arabic in the Ottoman Empire, against opposition from the calligraphers and parts of the

3136: 1276:, "Selected Teachings of Buddhist Sages and Son Masters" from Korea, the earliest known book printed with movable metal type, 1377. 3818: 3448:

Deutsche Sprachgeschichte vom Spätmittelalter bis zur Gegenwart: I. Einführung, Grundbegriffe, Deutsch in der frühbürgerlichen Zeit

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Deutsche Sprachgeschichte vom Spätmittelalter bis zur Gegenwart: I. Einführung, Grundbegriffe, Deutsch in der frühbürgerlichen Zeit

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would last, that what was written would be accessible to all, that such an occultation of knowledge and ideas as had depressed the

1234:. These were all short, heavily illustrated works, the bestsellers of the day, repeated in many different block-book versions: the 3489: 2720: 8608: 1976:

issued a decree under which the practice of printing would be punishable by death. At the end of the sixteenth century, Sultan

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Copper movable type printing originated in China at the beginning of the 12th century. It was used in large-scale printing of

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emerged as a new group of artisans for whom literacy was essential, while the much more labour-intensive occupation of the

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introduced the first movable type printing system in Europe. He advanced innovations in casting type based on a matrix and

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By 2005, digital printing accounted for approximately 9% of the 45 trillion pages printed annually around the world.

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dynasty pagoda that was repaired in 751, was undated but must have been created sometime before the reconstruction of the

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Hu, Guohua; Kang, Joohoon; Ng, Leonard W. T.; Zhu, Xiaoxi; Howe, Richard C. T.; Jones, Christopher G.; Hersam, Mark C.;

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magazine called Gutenberg's innovations in movable type printing the most important invention of the second millennium.

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Digital Printers can now not just print leaflets and documents, but also scan, fax, copy and make booklets plus more.

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and Philadelphia Item were operating presses producing either 90,000 4-page sheets per hour or 48,000 8-page sheets.

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Master E S, five hundredth anniversary exhibition, September fifth through October third, Philadelphia Museum of Art

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Egan, Grace, and Colin Johnston. “‘Serving the Turn’: Collaboration and Proof in Illegal Hand-Press Period Books.”

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who in 1584 printed a pro-Catholic pamphlet in Protestant-dominated England. The consequence of his action was

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Movable type is the system of printing and typography using movable pieces of metal type, made by casting from

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Woong-Jin-Wee-In-Jun-Gi No. 11 Jang Young Sil by Baek Sauk Gi. 1987 Woongjin Publishing Co., Ltd. p. 61.

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By the ninth century, printing on paper had taken off, and the first completely surviving printed book is the

8078: 7031: 6098: 4825:– Documents printed by R. Mathison Jr., The Job Printer, in Vancouver, B.C. – UBC Library Digital Collections 4789: 1941: 958:

and laid the material basis for the modern knowledge-based economy and the spread of learning to the masses.

4280: 8971: 8966: 7234: 4224: 3376: 1423: 1339: 447: 3771:(2002) A Social History of the Media: from Gutenberg to the Internet, Polity, Cambridge, pp. 15–23, 61–73. 8481: 8400: 8123: 8007: 7239: 7021: 5749: 5219: 1903: 3299: 1952:, partially due to the high artistic renown of the art of traditional calligraphy. However, printing in 1182:, lead, or clay. The techniques employed are uncertain. Block printing later went out of use during the 1178:. There is some evidence to suggest that these print blocks were made from non-wood materials, possibly 7766: 6045: 5966: 5224: 5037: 4204: 3081:. Science and Civilisation in China. Vol. 5 part 1. Cambridge University Press. pp. 158, 201. 1472: 818: 3555:

The International Cyclopædia A Compendium of Human Knowledge, Revised with Large Additions · Volume 12

8221: 8183: 8113: 8103: 7041: 6901: 6828: 6743: 1475:. There are multiple types of rotary printing press technologies that are still used today: sheetfed 408: 4806: 4097: 4026: 3022:

Gutenberg and the Koreans: Cast-Type Printing in Korea's Goryeo Dynasty (918–1392). Rightreading.com

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step), each printing process has definitive means of separating the image from the non-image areas.

1395:, copper and bismuth – the same components still used today. Johannes Gutenberg started work on his 8108: 7977: 7576: 6996: 6966: 6856: 5577: 5204: 4027:"Colloidal nanoparticle inks for printing functional devices: emerging trends and future prospects" 2559:

wide format (up to 3' or 914mm wide rolls of paper), as used in drafting and design establishments.

1769: 1061: 542: 363: 5712: 2842:. Vol. V:1 (Reprint ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 159, 201–205. 1318:"proved to be cheaper and more efficient for printing Chinese, with its thousands of characters". 8935: 8915: 8895: 8723: 8688: 8638: 8511: 8138: 7761: 7681: 7541: 7069: 6706: 6159: 6093: 6050: 5006: 4584: 4565: 3768: 2068: 2012: 1948:

In the Muslim world, printing, especially in Arabic scripts, was strongly opposed throughout the

1840: 1056:, an example of woodblock printing from the eighth century was discovered in 1966. A copy of the 887: 833: 813: 798: 612: 587: 562: 502: 17: 2917: 8526: 8332: 7857: 7566: 7269: 7001: 6981: 6580: 6287: 6073: 5089: 4930: 3318: 3091: 3048: 2102:

naturally declined. Proof-correcting arose as a new occupation, while a rise in the numbers of

1878: 1639: 1373: 923: 622: 133: 4775: 3178: 2805: 1110:, Kyongju Province in 751. The document is estimated to have been created no later than 704. 8910: 8764: 8703: 8683: 8506: 8286: 8236: 8216: 8163: 7496: 7446: 7169: 7164: 6823: 6813: 6788: 6637: 6362: 6352: 5992: 5717: 5602: 5375: 5306: 5001: 4361: 1616: 1455: 1302:. Movable type allowed for much more flexible processes than hand copying or block printing. 1171: 955: 808: 660: 572: 557: 253: 223: 65: 6103: 3832: 3781: 3723: 3170: 1741:

was developed. More recently, letterpress printing has seen a revival in an artisanal form.

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in the 15th century. The technology of printing played a key role in the development of the

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using a master form or template. The earliest non-paper products involving printing include

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Taiwan Culture Portal: Ri Xing Type Foundry – preserving the true character of Chinese type

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for a variety of applications ranging from T-shirts to floor tiles, and on uneven surfaces

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Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present

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Hargrave, J. (2013). Disruptive Technological History: Papermaking to Digital Printing.

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small format (up to ledger size paper sheets), as used in business offices and libraries

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identify five kinds of reading that developed in relation to the introduction of print:

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Meyrowitz: "Mediating Communication: What Happens?" in "Questioning the Media", p. 41.

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See Geoffrey Roper, Muslim Printing Before Gutenberg and the references cited therein.

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The invention of printing also changed the occupational structure of European cities.

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The table lists the maximum number of pages which various press designs could print

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The steam-powered rotary printing press, invented in 1843 in the United States by

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Historia de las cosas más notables, ritos y costumbres del gran reyno de la China

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Letterpress printing was the normal form of printing text from its invention by

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All printing process are concerned with two kinds of areas on the final output:

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Printing at home, an office, or an engineering environment is subdivided into:

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1,000 Years, 1,000 People: Ranking The Men and Women Who Shaped The Millennium

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An early method of reproduction that has been traced to the second century is

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is a form of manufacturing technology where physical objects are created from

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Around 1230, Koreans invented a metal type movable printing using bronze. The

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issued by the Northern Song dynasty. Movable type spread to Korea during the

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Bolza, Hans (1967). "Friedrich Koenig und die Erfindung der Druckmaschine".

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Cathedral, Forge, and Waterwheel: Technology and Invention in the Middle Age

2380:

High PQ, excellent image reproduction, wide range of media, very thin image

8855: 7812: 7741: 7671: 7661: 7651: 7636: 7571: 7476: 7356: 7336: 7329: 7319: 7314: 7219: 7144: 7114: 7079: 7046: 6946: 6921: 6465: 6437: 6406: 6239: 6138: 6055: 6012: 5911: 5821: 5794: 5789: 5784: 5729: 5697: 5677: 5652: 5450: 5311: 5059: 5044: 4974: 4957: 4129: 3211: 2585: 2582:– which produces arbitrary patterns of dots with an array of printing studs 1863: 1857: 1825: 1750: 1718: 1299: 1289: 1237: 1231: 1216: 1149: 1041: 1007: 935: 123: 45: 6298: 4457: 4409: 2496:

mass-production method of applying an image to a curved or uneven surface

1972:, particularly Turkish Muslims, to print religious books. In 1515, Sultan 1052:

en masse around 770, and distributed them to temples throughout Japan. In

8920: 8754: 8673: 8552: 8456: 8435: 8395: 8093: 8058: 7932: 7721: 7596: 7581: 7546: 7526: 7516: 7456: 7436: 7381: 7304: 7119: 7051: 7036: 6986: 6871: 6585: 6470: 6432: 6422: 6401: 6254: 6219: 6214: 6133: 5896: 5881: 5826: 5816: 5799: 5779: 5764: 5657: 5607: 5507: 5253: 5163: 5074: 5049: 5011: 4996: 4915: 4908: 4898: 4616:. Winchester and Newcastle: St Paul's Bibliographies and Oak Knoll Press. 2696: 2692: 2687: 2573: 2261: 2230: 2106:

and librarians naturally followed the explosion in the numbers of books.

2103: 2041: 2037: 1821: 1791: 1651: 1623: 1484: 1480: 1419: 1322: 1305:

Around 1040, the first known movable type system was created in China by

1045: 951: 927: 911: 670: 645: 537: 418: 203: 73: 53: 5744: 4165:

2012 Future of Instrumentation International Workshop (FIIW) Proceedings

3800:, Gözlem Gazetecilik Basın ve Yayın A.Ş., İstanbul, January 2012, p. 90 3605:

Pollak, Michael (1972). "The performance of the wooden printing press".

3274:"Did East Asian Printing Traditions Influence the European Renaissance?" 3173:

Paper Before Print: The History and Impact of Paper in the Islamic World

1860:, popular for its ability to print on complex three-dimensional surfaces 1824:

is a type of relief printing. The relief plates are typically made from

1349:

A case of cast metal type pieces and typeset matter in a composing stick

1194: 8930: 8536: 8173: 8153: 8043: 7912: 7837: 7726: 7641: 7506: 7466: 7441: 7406: 7376: 7299: 7274: 7224: 7094: 6926: 6911: 6886: 6866: 6808: 6657: 6191: 6118: 6040: 5997: 5971: 5961: 5891: 5871: 5846: 5811: 5774: 5687: 5667: 5328: 5032: 4969: 4903: 4113: 4042: 3626: 2667: 2663: 2617: 2064: 1407: 1384: 828: 323: 263: 233: 5199: 4629:

Dictionary of Terms Used in the Paper, Printing, and Allied Industries

4058: 3578:"JMC 107 Design and Graphics- Printing Process (Gravure & Screen)" 1907:

European output of books printed by movable type from ca. 1450 to 1800

32: 8885: 8814: 8624: 8577: 8501: 8266: 8073: 7867: 7756: 7746: 7736: 7691: 7666: 7511: 7396: 7351: 7294: 7061: 6906: 6838: 6722: 6556: 6368: 6229: 5987: 5951: 5931: 5901: 5836: 5831: 5682: 5343: 5273: 5094: 5084: 4991: 4984: 4979: 4952: 4774: 3704: 3134:

Medieval Arabic Tarsh: A Forgotten Chapter in the History of Printing

2623: 2567: 1977: 1670: 1627: 1443: 1369: 1345: 1310: 1103: 788: 720: 477: 398: 173: 4833: 2727:

material, is the most common 3D printing process in use as of 2020.

2003:

in some Germanic states; as a result, Hebrew printing flourished in

8476: 8375: 8365: 8088: 8038: 7817: 7776: 7606: 7531: 7521: 7426: 7361: 7264: 7249: 7194: 7134: 7011: 6976: 6876: 6244: 6088: 6078: 6035: 5759: 5353: 5265: 5258: 5156: 5129: 5069: 5053: 3618: 2744: 2165: 1965: 1700: 1606: 1392: 1306: 1133: 1122: 1095: 1057: 1019: 987: 939: 193: 4803:– trade association for printers and companies in the graphic arts 3816:

Watson, William J., "İbrāhīm Müteferriḳa and Turkish Incunabula",

3011:

Gutenberg and the Koreans: Asian Woodblock Books. Rightreading.com

2530: 1960:

was often permitted. Thus, the first movable type printing in the

8643: 8461: 8440: 8405: 7827: 7822: 7771: 7481: 7229: 7084: 6590: 6376: 6007: 5552: 5546: 5151: 5141: 5134: 4920: 4433:"Additive manufacturing and 3D printing are two different things" 2635:

though inkjets are less expensive in the initial purchase price.

2472: 2441: 2410: 2221: 2215: 2133: 2055:

Print was instrumental in changing the social nature of reading.

2016: 1973: 1647: 1643: 1212: 1203: 1199: 1141: 1023: 507: 158: 4684:. London and Newcastle: The British Library and Oak Knoll Press. 4591:, Cambridge University Press, September 1980, Paperback, 832 p. 3747: 3745: 8648: 8241: 7626: 7324: 7189: 7154: 7149: 7124: 7104: 5363: 4838: 4828: 4758: 4304:

International Journal of Operations & Production Management

2620:

where the charged image is written pixel by pixel using a laser

2597: 2099: 1981: 1936: 1891: 1845: 1326: 1175: 1137: 512: 4726:

Moxon, Joseph (1962) . Herbert, Davies; Carter, Harry (eds.).

4255:"Learning Course: Additive Manufacturing – Additive Fertigung" 998: 8759: 8390: 8385: 8356: 8348: 7631: 7551: 7451: 7174: 6611: 5941: 5936: 5642: 5492: 5385: 5368: 5283: 5278: 5079: 4162: 3742: 2716: 2643: 2627: 2607: 2004: 2000: 1993: 1985: 1968:

in the middle of the sixteenth century, it was a sin for the

1802: 1334: 1272: 1174:

during the ninth and tenth centuries, mostly for prayers and

1162: 1129: 1099: 1075: 1053: 675: 655: 8593: 6691: 4812: 3998:

Handbook of print media: technologies and production methods

3968:

Handbook of print media: technologies and production methods

3932:

Handbook of print media: technologies and production methods

3496:

which was composed by four prominent US journalists in 1998.

2369:

image formation by Electrostatics and transfer while fixing

2047: 1605:

After the information has been prepared for production (the

1223:

were produced in very large numbers from about 1425 onward.

8317: 7461: 7401: 7139: 5380: 4884: 4800: 4352:. Vol. 64, no. 917. October 3, 1974. p. 80. 4098:"Functional inks and printing of two-dimensional materials" 3701:"What are crop marks and why would you want to print them?" 3513:(Third ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 147. 3432:

Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved November 27, 2006, from

2588:– where formed characters are applied to the paper by lines 1411: 4736:

A somewhat later one, showing 18th century developments is

4701:

Studying Early Printed Books, 1450-1800: A Practical Guide

3721: 3323:

The Invention of Printing in China and its Spread Westward

3096:

The Invention of Printing in China and its Spread Westward

2865: 2863: 1881:, used mainly for high value documents such as currencies. 7556: 7259: 7254: 7244: 7129: 7099: 6570: 4809:. English website of the Gutenberg-Museum Mainz (Germany) 4790:

Prints & People: A Social History of Printed Pictures

3112:. Vol. 5–18. Princeton: Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2795: 2793: 2791: 1778: 1722: 1388: 1179: 5461: 4853: 4843: 4823:

A collection of printing materials from the 19th Century

4225:"Rapid Prototyping - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics" 3833:

A Lifetime's Collection of Texts in Hebrew, at Sotheby's

3535:"Richard March Hoe | American inventor and manufacturer" 3298: 3755:, Vol. 69, No. 2 (2009), pp. 409–45 (417, table 2) 2860: 3682: 3680: 3450:(in German). New York/Berlin: Gruyter, Walter de GmbH. 3261:(in German). New York/Berlin: Gruyter, Walter de GmbH. 2788: 2576:– where pre-formed characters are applied individually 4721:

The classic manual of early hand-press technology is

3340:

A Global History: From Prehistory to the 21st Century

2839:

Science and civilisation in China: Paper and printing

1980:

permitted the sale of non-religious printed books in

4844:

Hamilton Wood Type and Printing Museum, WI, Web site

4542:; also published in Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd., 1986. 4025:

Zeng, Minxiang; Zhang, Yanliang (October 22, 2019).

3434:

Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite DVD

2951: 2949: 2800:

Suarez, Michael F.; Woudhuysen, H. R., eds. (2013).

2766: 2764: 2630:

sticks of ink are melted to make liquid ink or toner

2044:

would never recur, that not an idea would be lost".

1772:

were the largest in the world when installed in 2000

1089: 4839:

American Printing History Association, NY, Web site

4829:

International Printing Museum, Carson, CA, Web site

4639:

The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man

4556:Barker, Nicholas. (1978). "Invention of Printing." 4424: 3971:(Illustrated ed.). Springer. pp. 976–79. 3935:(Illustrated ed.). Springer. pp. 130–44. 3725:

Printing on Polymers: Fundamentals and Applications

3722:Joanna Izdebska; Sabu Thomas (September 24, 2015). 3677: 3665: 3653: 3641: 2776: 2563:Some of the more common printing technologies are: 1999:Hebrew language printers were banned from printing 1836:The other significant printing techniques include: 1589: 1414:. The high quality and relatively low price of the 1313:. Bi Sheng used clay type, which broke easily, but 926:. The earliest known form of printing evolved from 4530:. Vol. 5 part 1. Cambridge University Press. 4001:(Illustrated ed.). Springer. pp. 48–52. 3715: 3370: 3271: 3256: 3069: 2898:Johannes Gutenberg: Inventor of the Printing Press 2610:is attracted to a charged image and then developed 6552:Collabora Office Draw and Collabora Office Writer 4730:(reprint ed.). New York: Dover Publications. 4197: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3952: 2946: 2761: 2148: 1612:Conventional printing has four types of process: 8948: 4728:Mechanick Exercises on the Whole Art of Printing 4301: 3698: 3342:(7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: 3334: 3325:, The Ronald Press, NY 2nd ed. 1955, pp. 176–178 2799: 1984:characters, yet the majority were imported from 1737:until the second half of the 20th century, when 1368:The invention of printing, anonymous, design by 1044:, and subsequently spread throughout East Asia. 6759:Modified atmosphere/modified humidity packaging 6521: 3990: 3988: 3783:A Description of the Famous Kingdome of Macaria 3763: 3761: 3098:, The Ronald Press, NY 2nd ed. 1955, pp. 176–78 1040:on paper started during the 7th century in the 3949: 3922: 3860: 3858: 3367:Internet, Polity, Cambridge, pp. 15–23, 61–73. 2993:Early Printing in Korea. Korea Cultural Center 2117: 8609: 8333: 6707: 6507: 6314: 5477: 4869: 4660: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3177:. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 2723:(FDM), which uses a continuous filament of a 2485:thermal transfer film or water release decal 1735:remained in wide use for books and other uses 888: 455: 60:press used for modern lithographic printing, 4661:Saunders, Gill; Miles, Rosie (May 1, 2006). 4020: 4018: 3985: 3758: 2828: 2145:one introductory text being made available. 1892:Impact of German movable type printing press 1831: 1277: 1079: 1069: 8522:United Kingdom food information regulations 7893:Hazard analysis and critical control points 6328: 4091: 3873:Eisenstein in Briggs and Burke, 2002: p. 21 3855: 2804:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 1235: 910:is a process for mass reproducing text and 8616: 8602: 8340: 8326: 6714: 6700: 6514: 6500: 6321: 6307: 5539: 5484: 5470: 4876: 4862: 4558:U.S. Library of Congress Quarterly Journal 3876: 3439: 3408:(3rd ed.). Harmondsworth, Middlesex: 2468:special paper required to reduce bleeding 2437:special paper required to reduce bleeding 2406:special paper required to reduce bleeding 895: 881: 462: 448: 95: 8563:Automatic identification and data capture 7803:Automatic identification and data capture 4834:Museum of Printing, Andover, MA, Web site 4716: 4679: 4024: 4015: 3400: 1699:Miehle press printing Le Samedi journal. 1263:paper money with ten bronze movable types 4746:(reprint ed.). London: Gregg Press. 4589:The Printing Press as an Agent of Change 4430: 3819:Journal of the American Oriental Society 3798:Bizans'tan 20. Yüzyıla – Türk Yahudileri 3499: 3201: 3145:Journal of the American Oriental Society 2672: 2529: 2046: 1935: 1902: 1754: 1694: 1449: 1428: 1363: 1344: 1266: 1254: 1250: 1193: 997: 31: 4651: 4631:. Toronto: H. Smith Paper Mills. 110 p. 4608: 4563: 4273:"3-D Printing Steps into the Spotlight" 4205:When 2% Leads to a Major Industry Shift 3994: 3964: 3928: 3825: 3558:. Dodd, Mead & Company. p. 168 3063: 2654:Small press and fanzines generally use 2126: 2036:, gave "assurance that the work of the 1898: 1713:Letterpress printing is a technique of 27:Process for reproducing text and images 14: 8949: 4741: 4708:On the effects of Gutenberg's printing 4663:Prints Now: Directions and Definitions 4654:The History and Technique of Lettering 3604: 3445: 3162: 3085: 2970:Everlasting Flower: A History of Korea 2253:edges of letters and lines are jagged 1940:Replica of the Gutenberg press at the 8597: 8321: 6695: 6495: 6302: 5465: 4857: 4769:. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). 1911. 4725: 4518: 4505: 4377:"3D printing: you read it here first" 4374: 4235:from the original on October 26, 2022 3892:"Gutenberg's Effects on Universities" 3889: 3699:Bob deLaubenfels (February 9, 2011). 3686: 3671: 3659: 3647: 3505: 3276:. Arts of Asia Magazine (to appear). 3244: 3168: 3107: 2967: 2961: 2955: 2934:from the original on December 8, 2022 2873:. Minnesota-china.com. Archived from 2782: 2770: 2318:pressing ink through holes in screen 2109: 1353: 1155: 1136:, but the technique was also used in 972: 7205:Flexible intermediate bulk container 6283: 4807:The development of book and printing 4375:Ellam, Richard (February 26, 2019). 3551: 3280:from the original on August 11, 2019 3228:, Princeton University Press, 2009, 3033:North Korea – Silla. Country Studies 2918:"Cat 262: Printed dated copy of the 1768:The 910-ton printing presses at the 1490: 4801:Printing Industries of the Americas 4402:"3D Printing: All You Need To Know" 4214:" Patrick Scaglia, August 30, 2007. 4144:from the original on April 13, 2020 4073:from the original on April 12, 2020 2677:Printing payment self service kiosk 2570:– and related chemical technologies 2538: 1920: 1601:Non-image area (non-printing areas) 1132:and Japan, which also used Chinese 36:From top to bottom, left to right: 24: 8189:Vertical form fill sealing machine 4796:Centre for the History of the Book 4614:A New Introduction to Bibliography 4564:Edwards, Eiluned (December 2015). 4550: 4431:Zelinski, Peter (August 4, 2017), 3822:, 1968, volume 88, issue 3, p. 436 1226:Around the mid-fifteenth-century, 1002:The intricate frontispiece of the 25: 8983: 8492:List of food labeling regulations 8159:Rotary wheel blow molding systems 7007:Purdue Improved Crop Storage bags 4751: 4528:Science and Civilization in China 3796:or soon after; Naim A. Güleryüz, 3728:. Elsevier Science. p. 199. 3383:, New York : HarperCollins, 3047:. British Library. Archived from 1091:Mugu jeonggwang dae darani-gyeong 8303: 8302: 8129:Mechanical brake stretch wrapper 6282: 6273: 6272: 5445: 5436: 5435: 5425: 4498: 4279:. April 11, 2013. Archived from 4031:Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3466:education.nationalgeographic.org 2968:Pratt, Keith (August 15, 2007). 2697:three-dimensional digital models 2506:Aerosolized inks carried by gas 2051:Bookprinting in the 16th century 2022: 1590:Conventional printing technology 1280:Bibliothèque Nationale de France 1032:History of printing in East Asia 8487:Fair Packaging and Labeling Act 7863:Electronic article surveillance 7717:Shock and vibration data logger 7562:Linear low-density polyethylene 5426: 4813:BPSnet British Printing Society 4622:Journal of Scholarly Publishing 4567:Block Printed Textiles of India 4475: 4450: 4394: 4368: 4338: 4295: 4265: 4247: 4217: 4156: 4085: 3867: 3810: 3790: 3774: 3753:The Journal of Economic History 3692: 3598: 3570: 3545: 3527: 3479: 3454: 3426: 3394: 3360: 3328: 3312: 3292: 3265: 3250: 3238: 3218: 3195: 3153: 3126: 3101: 3045:"Oneline Gallery: Sacred Texts" 3037: 3026: 3015: 3004: 2986: 2154:Comparison of printing methods 993: 8517:Radio-frequency identification 7968:Radio-frequency identification 4849:History of Printing – Timeline 4782:New International Encyclopedia 4694:The Wall Street Journal Online 4682:Five Hundred Years of Printing 4665:. Victoria and Albert Museum. 4627:Lafontaine, Gerard S. (1958). 3552:Peck, Harry Thurston. (1895). 3406:Five Hundred Years of Printing 3377:Gies, Frances and Gies, Joseph 3206:. Philadelphia Museum of Art. 2972:. Reaktion Books. p. 74. 2910: 2889: 2822: 2737: 2711:can be used synonymously with 2681: 2251:excellent image reproduction, 2149:Comparison of printing methods 1816: 1717:. A worker composes and locks 1690: 1259:Copperplate of 1215–1216 5000 1080: 1070: 13: 1: 8623: 8079:Extended core stretch wrapper 7032:Single-serve coffee container 6721: 6605:Online - cloud based software 6099:Environmental impact of paper 2754: 2719:structures to reduce weight. 2139: 1942:International Printing Museum 1677: 1532: 1519: 1434: 388: 163: 148: 8347: 7235:Insulated shipping container 5349:Conservation and restoration 3908:10.1080/0046760X.2014.930186 3132:Richard W. Bulliet (1987), " 1733:in the mid-15th century and 1340:Frances Gies and Joseph Gies 1189: 7: 8401:Pressure-sensitive adhesive 8124:Material-handling equipment 8008:Verification and validation 7240:Intermediate bulk container 7022:Self-heating food packaging 6523:Desktop publishing software 6443:List of proofreader's marks 4652:Nesbitt, Alexander (1957). 3511:A History of Graphic Design 3462:"Gutenberg Bible Published" 3446:Polenz, Peter von. (1991). 3272:Thomas Christensen (2007). 3257:Polenz, Peter von. (1991). 3139:September 21, 2017, at the 2249:thick ink layers possible, 2181:Ink thickness on substrate 2118:The language of scholarship 1598:Image area (printing areas) 1090: 1016:Library Cave of Mogao Caves 40:of a scene, block used for 10: 8988: 7767:Time temperature indicator 6530:Desktop installed software 6046:Surface chemistry of paper 5549:(Zuo Bo/Tso Po/Tso Tzǔ-yi) 4316:10.1108/IJOPM-01-2019-0075 4210:February 16, 2008, at the 3224:Beckwith, Christopher I., 2871:"Great Chinese Inventions" 2802:The Book: A Global History 2685: 2542: 2520:Good printing resolution, 2366:Liquid electrophotography 2187:Cost-effective run length 1910: 1789: 1785: 1748: 1706: 1630:, and screenless printing. 1453: 1357: 1287: 1029: 1022:, but probably printed in 976: 965: 961: 819:Promotional representative 8838: 8747: 8631: 8545: 8449: 8355: 8300: 8222:Environmental engineering 8197: 8184:Turntable stretch wrapper 8114:Lineshaft roller conveyor 8104:Injection molding machine 8016: 7785: 7415: 7060: 7042:Toothpaste pump dispenser 6902:Disposable food packaging 6847: 6744:Child-resistant packaging 6729: 6666: 6630: 6604: 6529: 6453: 6415: 6334: 6268: 6207: 6152: 6064: 6021: 5980: 5625: 5595: 5565: 5516: 5499: 5491: 5421: 5299: 5233: 5172: 5020: 4891: 4883: 4696:, February 13, 2006 p. R8 4173:10.1109/FIIW.2012.6378343 3838:January 22, 2019, at the 3492:October 12, 2007, at the 2721:Fused deposition modeling 1832:Other printing techniques 1744: 1721:into the bed of a press, 1557: 1552: 1547: 1539: 1526: 1516: 1514: 1509: 1506: 1278: 1128:Printing spread early to 1121:) of 868, uncovered from 1060:Dharani Sutra called the 427: 417: 409:Thermal-transfer printing 407: 397: 382: 372: 362: 352: 342: 332: 322: 312: 302: 292: 282: 272: 262: 252: 242: 232: 222: 212: 202: 192: 182: 172: 157: 142: 132: 122: 112: 8109:Label printer applicator 7978:Shearing (manufacturing) 7577:Low-density polyethylene 6997:Pharmaceutical packaging 6967:Low plastic water bottle 6857:Alternative wine closure 5578:Friedrich Gottlob Keller 4680:Steinberg, S.H. (1996). 4277:Upstate Business Journal 4102:Chemical Society Reviews 3995:Kipphan, Helmut (2001). 3965:Kipphan, Helmut (2001). 3929:Kipphan, Helmut (2001). 3300:Juan González de Mendoza 3169:Bloom, Jonathan (2001). 2730: 2511:2–5 microns in diameter 1770:Las Vegas Review-Journal 1219:printed on paper. These 1062:Pure Light Dharani Sutra 918:and objects such as the 284:Photostat and rectigraph 8916:Promotional merchandise 8896:Out-of-home advertising 8724:Account-based marketing 8512:Plain tobacco packaging 8472:Cigarette warning label 8139:Orbital stretch wrapper 7762:Temperature data logger 7682:Pressure-sensitive tape 7542:Humidity indicator card 7070:Aerosol spray dispenser 6329:Book publishing process 6094:Elemental chlorine free 6051:Units of paper quantity 5007:Collection (publishing) 4931:Illuminated manuscripts 4766:Encyclopædia Britannica 4742:Stower, Caleb (1965) . 4585:Elizabeth L. Eisenstein 3539:Encyclopedia Britannica 3202:Shestack, Alan (1967). 3108:Mayor, A Hyatt (1980). 2034:On the Study of History 1841:Dye-sublimation printer 1796:Gravure printing is an 1160:Block printing, called 814:Promotional merchandise 799:Out-of-home advertising 588:Account-based marketing 83:Part of a series on the 7858:Die forming (plastics) 7567:Liquid packaging board 7270:Multilayered packaging 7002:Plastic milk container 6982:Optical disc packaging 6074:Bleaching of wood pulp 4717:Early printers manuals 4437:Additive Manufacturing 3319:Thomas Franklin Carter 3092:Thomas Franklin Carter 2903:April 6, 2023, at the 2709:additive manufacturing 2678: 2535: 2465:< 0.5 μm 2434:< 0.5 μm 2403:< 0.5 μm 2280:high quality (now HD) 2052: 1945: 1908: 1773: 1704: 1510:Steam-powered presses 1507:Hand-operated presses 1440: 1376: 1374:Plantin-Moretus Museum 1350: 1285: 1264: 1236: 1207: 1027: 924:Cylinders of Nabonidus 623:Horizontal integration 134:Intaglio (printmaking) 77: 8911:Product demonstration 8765:Corporate anniversary 8507:Nutrition facts label 8287:Sustainable packaging 8237:Life-cycle assessment 8217:Closed-loop box reuse 8164:Seed-counting machine 7497:Corrugated fiberboard 7447:Biodegradable plastic 7170:Corrugated box design 6824:Sustainable packaging 6814:Shelf-ready packaging 6789:Packaging engineering 6638:Electronic publishing 6617:Collabora Online Draw 6363:intellectual property 5993:Corrugated fiberboard 5750:Electrical insulation 5603:Thomas Francis Carter 5376:Intellectual property 5002:Volume (bibliography) 4744:The Printer's Grammar 4605:71.2 (2018): 129–152. 4229:www.sciencedirect.com 3767:Ref: Briggs, Asa and 3607:The Library Quarterly 3585:www.davuniversity.org 2676: 2533: 2397:5–30 picolitres (pl) 2328:< 12 μm 2050: 1944:in Carson, California 1939: 1906: 1767: 1698: 1565:Impressions per hour 1456:Rotary printing press 1450:Rotary printing press 1432: 1367: 1348: 1270: 1258: 1251:Movable-type printing 1215:religious images and 1206:, with hand-colouring 1197: 1014:), discovered at the 1001: 990:and later on paper. 956:Scientific Revolution 809:Product demonstration 661:Corporate anniversary 254:Hot metal typesetting 66:hot metal typesetting 35: 8926:Visual merchandising 8846:Behavioral targeting 8748:Promotional contents 8257:PET bottle recycling 8119:Logistics automation 7647:Plastic-coated paper 6794:Resealable packaging 6643:List of PDF software 6392:Developmental editor 6387:Commissioning editor 6359:Contract negotiation 4283:on December 20, 2019 3896:History of Education 3051:on November 10, 2013 2648:Indigo Digital Press 2517:< 1 μm 2503:Aerosol-jet printer 2288:Letterpress printing 2127:University libraries 2059:Elizabeth Eisenstein 2032:in his 1895 lecture 1928:, who was exiled in 1899:Quantitative aspects 1709:Letterpress printing 1433:Page-setting room – 1424:all around the world 942:around 1040 and the 824:Visual merchandising 754:Behavioral targeting 628:Vertical integration 608:Influencer marketing 274:Daisy wheel printing 8972:History of printing 8967:Textual scholarship 8871:In-game advertising 8861:Display advertising 8497:Mandatory labelling 8309:Category: Packaging 8144:Packaging machinery 7953:Product development 7752:Tamper-evident band 7592:Modified atmosphere 6932:Foam food container 6576:Microsoft Publisher 6371:rates, format, etc. 4699:Werner, S. (2018). 4690:The New Paper Trail 4037:(41): 23301–23336. 3852:, February 11, 2009 2958:, pp. 149, 150 2877:on December 3, 2010 2855:ahead of Gutenberg. 2211:high print quality 2155: 1990:Ibrahim Muteferrika 1950:early modern period 1913:History of printing 1198:The earliest known 1184:Timurid Renaissance 968:History of printing 774:In-game advertising 764:Display advertising 640:Promotional content 314:Dot matrix printing 89:History of printing 8891:Online advertising 8881:Native advertising 8876:Mobile advertising 8825:Sex in advertising 8679:Corporate identity 8381:In-mould labelling 8272:Reusable packaging 8232:Industrial ecology 7993:Ultrasonic welding 7958:Production control 7908:Injection moulding 7793:Aseptic processing 7502:Corrugated plastic 7372:Steel and tin cans 7342:Shipping container 7280:Packet (container) 7017:Seasonal packaging 6917:Evidence packaging 6897:Currency packaging 6892:Cosmetic packaging 6799:Reusable packaging 6566:LibreOffice Writer 6542:Affinity Publisher 6353:Publisher's reader 5413:World Book Capital 4560:35 (March): 64–76. 4526:. Needham, Joseph 4524:Paper and Printing 4520:Tsien, Tsuen-Hsuin 4412:on August 20, 2022 4406:explainedideas.com 4310:(6/7/8): 935–961. 4114:10.1039/C8CS00084K 4043:10.1039/C9TA07552F 3711:on April 24, 2022. 3436:– entry "printing" 3079:Paper and Printing 3071:Tsuen-Hsuin, Tsien 2998:2009-02-08 at the 2834:Tsien, Tsuen-hsuin 2679: 2604:electrophotography 2536: 2341:Electrophotography 2331:versatile method, 2325:1000–10,000 mPa·s 2256:> 500,000 2220:> 30,000 ( 2153: 2110:Educational impact 2053: 1946: 1909: 1866:, mainly used for 1774: 1731:Johannes Gutenberg 1705: 1667:stencil duplicator 1441: 1404:woodblock printing 1381:Johannes Gutenberg 1377: 1354:The printing press 1351: 1286: 1265: 1208: 1156:In the Middle East 1038:woodblock printing 1028: 984:Woodblock printing 979:Woodblock printing 973:Woodblock printing 948:Johannes Gutenberg 932:woodblock printing 857:Marketing research 794:Online advertising 784:Native advertising 779:Mobile advertising 731:Sex in advertising 548:Consumer behaviour 399:Solid ink printing 114:Woodblock printing 78: 42:woodblock printing 8944: 8943: 8839:Promotional media 8830:Underwriting spot 8805:Product placement 8785:On-hold messaging 8775:Loyalty marketing 8734:Product marketing 8729:Digital marketing 8591: 8590: 8467:Country of origin 8426:Security printing 8416:Security hologram 8371:Die cutting (web) 8315: 8314: 8277:Reverse logistics 8262:Plastic recycling 8134:Multihead weigher 8054:Cartoning machine 8049:Cap torque tester 7963:Quality assurance 7938:Plastic extrusion 7903:Induction sealing 7873:Extrusion coating 7732:Staple (fastener) 7702:Security printing 7537:Hot-melt adhesive 7110:Biodegradable bag 6952:Glass milk bottle 6834:Tamper resistance 6774:Package pilferage 6749:Contract packager 6689: 6688: 6648:Mobile publishing 6547:Apache OpenOffice 6489: 6488: 6296: 6295: 5621: 5620: 5613:Tsien Tsuen-hsuin 5591: 5590: 5561: 5560: 5504:Paper engineering 5459: 5458: 5291:Coffee table book 5122:Bookworm (insect) 4672:978-1-85177-480-7 4624:, 44(3). 221–227. 4577:978-93-85285-03-5 4508:Technikgeschichte 4364:on July 24, 2020. 4182:978-1-4673-2482-3 4008:978-3-540-67326-2 3978:978-3-540-67326-2 3942:978-3-540-67326-2 3890:Modie, G (2014). 3806:978-9944-994-54-5 3735:978-0-323-37500-9 3520:978-0-471-29198-5 3419:978-0-14-020343-1 3353:978-0-13-923897-0 3234:978-0-691-15034-5 3119:978-0-691-00326-9 3110:Prints and People 2849:978-0-521-08690-5 2705:rapid prototyping 2660:spirit duplicator 2528: 2527: 2214:> 5,000 ( 2177:Dynamic viscosity 2159:Printing process 1798:intaglio printing 1765: 1587: 1586: 1491:Printing capacity 1146:old master prints 1104:Shakyamuni Pagoda 1094:), discovered in 1050:Hyakumantō Darani 905: 904: 867:Consumer research 748:Promotional media 736:Underwriting spot 711:Product placement 691:On-hold messaging 681:Loyalty marketing 598:Product marketing 593:Digital marketing 472: 471: 437: 436: 304:Spirit duplicator 214:Chromolithography 16:(Redirected from 8979: 8851:Brand ambassador 8790:Personal selling 8780:Mobile marketing 8770:Direct marketing 8739:Social marketing 8669:Brand management 8618: 8611: 8604: 8595: 8594: 8342: 8335: 8328: 8319: 8318: 8306: 8305: 8292:Waste management 8282:Source reduction 8099:Industrial robot 8003:Vacuum packaging 7928:Package tracking 7883:Glass production 7843:Corona treatment 7833:Containerization 7697:Screw cap (wine) 7612:Oxygen scavenger 7075:Aluminium bottle 7027:Screw cap (wine) 6972:Luxury packaging 6804:Reuse of bottles 6769:Package delivery 6754:Edible packaging 6739:Active packaging 6716: 6709: 6702: 6693: 6692: 6562:LibreOffice Draw 6516: 6509: 6502: 6493: 6492: 6323: 6316: 6309: 6300: 6299: 6286: 6285: 6276: 6275: 6260:Beverage cartons 6250:Watercolor paper 6109:Hollander beater 5593: 5592: 5563: 5562: 5537: 5536: 5486: 5479: 5472: 5463: 5462: 5449: 5439: 5438: 5429: 5428: 5359:History of books 4878: 4871: 4864: 4855: 4854: 4786: 4778: 4776:"Printing" 4770: 4762: 4760:"Printing" 4747: 4731: 4685: 4676: 4657: 4635:Marshall McLuhan 4617: 4603:Ilha do Desterro 4581: 4570:. Niyogi Books. 4541: 4515: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4479: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4454: 4448: 4447: 4445: 4443: 4428: 4422: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4408:. Archived from 4398: 4392: 4391: 4389: 4387: 4372: 4366: 4365: 4360:. Archived from 4342: 4336: 4335: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4290: 4288: 4269: 4263: 4262: 4251: 4245: 4244: 4242: 4240: 4221: 4215: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4167:. pp. 1–4. 4160: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4108:(9): 3265–3300. 4089: 4083: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4022: 4013: 4012: 3992: 3983: 3982: 3962: 3947: 3946: 3926: 3920: 3919: 3887: 3874: 3871: 3865: 3862: 3853: 3844:Edward Rothstein 3829: 3823: 3814: 3808: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3778: 3772: 3765: 3756: 3749: 3740: 3739: 3719: 3713: 3712: 3707:. 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(2001) . 2826: 2820: 2819: 2797: 2786: 2780: 2774: 2768: 2748: 2741: 2656:digital printing 2640:digital printing 2626:printer – where 2545:Digital printing 2539:Digital printing 2303:0.5–1.5 μm 2277:0.8–2.5 μm 2208:0.5–1.5 μm 2162:Transfer method 2156: 2152: 1921:Religious impact 1885:Thermal printing 1766: 1537: 1534: 1524: 1521: 1517:Gutenberg-style 1502: 1501: 1439: 1436: 1283: 1282: 1241: 1093: 1083: 1082: 1073: 1072: 897: 890: 883: 862:Mystery shopping 759:Brand ambassador 696:Personal selling 686:Mobile marketing 666:Direct marketing 651:Ambush marketing 618:Annoyance factor 603:Social marketing 553:Consumer culture 533:Brand management 474: 473: 464: 457: 450: 429:Digital printing 393: 390: 384:Thermal printing 344:Phototypesetting 168: 165: 153: 150: 110: 109: 99: 80: 79: 62:linotype machine 21: 8987: 8986: 8982: 8981: 8980: 8978: 8977: 8976: 8947: 8946: 8945: 8940: 8834: 8820:Sales promotion 8743: 8664:Brand licensing 8627: 8622: 8592: 8587: 8583:Track and trace 8568:Label dispenser 8541: 8482:EU energy label 8445: 8351: 8346: 8316: 8311: 8296: 8252:Paper recycling 8247:Packaging waste 8227:Glass recycling 8199: 8193: 8149:Pallet inverter 8069:Conveyor system 8024:Barcode printer 8012: 7988:Track and trace 7943:Plastic welding 7878:Flame treatment 7848:Curtain coating 7781: 7602:Nonwoven fabric 7587:Metallised film 7492:Container glass 7419: 7417: 7411: 7387:Tub (container) 7285:Padded envelope 7056: 6882:Case-ready meat 6849: 6843: 6779:Package testing 6731: 6725: 6720: 6690: 6685: 6662: 6626: 6600: 6525: 6520: 6490: 6485: 6454:Book production 6449: 6411: 6397:Authors' editor 6382:Literary editor 6330: 6327: 6297: 6292: 6264: 6203: 6148: 6144:Sulfite process 6129:Paper recycling 6084:Conical refiner 6066: 6060: 6017: 6003:Paper chemicals 5976: 5617: 5587: 5583:Charles Fenerty 5557: 5535: 5531:Missal of Silos 5526:Battle of Talas 5512: 5495: 5490: 5460: 5455: 5417: 5402:The Philobiblon 5295: 5229: 5168: 5016: 4963:limited edition 4887: 4882: 4773: 4757: 4754: 4719: 4713: 4673: 4610:Gaskell, Philip 4578: 4553: 4551:Further reading 4547: 4545: 4538: 4501: 4496: 4495: 4488: 4481: 4480: 4476: 4466: 4464: 4456: 4455: 4451: 4441: 4439: 4429: 4425: 4415: 4413: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4385: 4383: 4373: 4369: 4344: 4343: 4339: 4300: 4296: 4286: 4284: 4271: 4270: 4266: 4259:tmg-muenchen.de 4253: 4252: 4248: 4238: 4236: 4223: 4222: 4218: 4212:Wayback Machine 4202: 4198: 4183: 4161: 4157: 4147: 4145: 4096:(May 8, 2018). 4094:Hasan, Tawfique 4090: 4086: 4076: 4074: 4023: 4016: 4009: 3993: 3986: 3979: 3963: 3950: 3943: 3927: 3923: 3888: 3877: 3872: 3868: 3863: 3856: 3840:Wayback Machine 3830: 3826: 3815: 3811: 3795: 3791: 3786:. London. 1641. 3780: 3779: 3775: 3766: 3759: 3750: 3743: 3736: 3720: 3716: 3697: 3693: 3685: 3678: 3670: 3666: 3658: 3654: 3646: 3642: 3603: 3599: 3589: 3587: 3580: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3561: 3559: 3550: 3546: 3533: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3504: 3500: 3494:Wayback Machine 3484: 3480: 3470: 3468: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3444: 3440: 3431: 3427: 3420: 3399: 3395: 3375: 3371: 3365: 3361: 3354: 3333: 3329: 3317: 3313: 3297: 3293: 3283: 3281: 3270: 3266: 3255: 3251: 3243: 3239: 3223: 3219: 3200: 3196: 3189: 3167: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3141:Wayback Machine 3131: 3127: 3120: 3106: 3102: 3090: 3086: 3075:Needham, Joseph 3068: 3064: 3054: 3052: 3043: 3042: 3038: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3016: 3009: 3005: 3000:Wayback Machine 2991: 2987: 2980: 2966: 2962: 2954: 2947: 2937: 2935: 2916: 2915: 2911: 2905:Wayback Machine 2894: 2890: 2880: 2878: 2869: 2868: 2861: 2850: 2830:Needham, Joseph 2827: 2823: 2816: 2798: 2789: 2781: 2777: 2769: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2751: 2742: 2738: 2733: 2690: 2684: 2547: 2541: 2521: 2471:< 350 ( 2440:< 350 ( 2409:< 350 ( 2332: 2314:Screen-printing 2252: 2250: 2193:Offset printing 2151: 2142: 2129: 2120: 2112: 2025: 1958:Armenian script 1923: 1915: 1901: 1894: 1873:Screen printing 1834: 1819: 1794: 1788: 1755: 1753: 1747: 1739:offset printing 1715:relief printing 1711: 1693: 1680: 1663:screen printing 1592: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1535: 1531: 1522: 1518: 1493: 1473:William Bullock 1458: 1452: 1437: 1416:Gutenberg Bible 1362: 1356: 1292: 1253: 1244:Biblia pauperum 1192: 1170:, developed in 1158: 1119:British Library 1034: 1012:British Library 1010:China, AD 868 ( 996: 981: 975: 970: 964: 901: 872: 871: 852:Market research 847: 839: 838: 749: 741: 740: 726:Sales promotion 641: 633: 632: 528:Brand licensing 498: 468: 439: 438: 391: 364:Dye-sublimation 354:Inkjet printing 294:Screen printing 244:Offset printing 184:Relief printing 166: 151: 107: 70:digital printer 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 8985: 8975: 8974: 8969: 8964: 8959: 8942: 8941: 8939: 8938: 8933: 8928: 8923: 8918: 8913: 8908: 8903: 8898: 8893: 8888: 8883: 8878: 8873: 8868: 8866:Drip marketing 8863: 8858: 8853: 8848: 8842: 8840: 8836: 8835: 8833: 8832: 8827: 8822: 8817: 8812: 8807: 8802: 8797: 8792: 8787: 8782: 8777: 8772: 8767: 8762: 8757: 8751: 8749: 8745: 8744: 8742: 8741: 8736: 8731: 8726: 8721: 8716: 8711: 8706: 8701: 8696: 8691: 8686: 8681: 8676: 8671: 8666: 8661: 8656: 8651: 8646: 8641: 8635: 8633: 8629: 8628: 8621: 8620: 8613: 8606: 8598: 8589: 8588: 8586: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8558:Authentication 8555: 8549: 8547: 8543: 8542: 8540: 8539: 8534: 8529: 8524: 8519: 8514: 8509: 8504: 8499: 8494: 8489: 8484: 8479: 8474: 8469: 8464: 8459: 8453: 8451: 8447: 8446: 8444: 8443: 8438: 8433: 8431:Security label 8428: 8423: 8418: 8413: 8408: 8403: 8398: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8362: 8360: 8353: 8352: 8345: 8344: 8337: 8330: 8322: 8313: 8312: 8301: 8298: 8297: 8295: 8294: 8289: 8284: 8279: 8274: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8212:Can collecting 8209: 8207:Biodegradation 8203: 8201: 8195: 8194: 8192: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8179:Tape dispenser 8176: 8171: 8166: 8161: 8156: 8151: 8146: 8141: 8136: 8131: 8126: 8121: 8116: 8111: 8106: 8101: 8096: 8091: 8086: 8081: 8076: 8071: 8066: 8061: 8056: 8051: 8046: 8041: 8036: 8031: 8029:Barcode reader 8026: 8020: 8018: 8014: 8013: 8011: 8010: 8005: 8000: 7998:Vacuum forming 7995: 7990: 7985: 7980: 7975: 7970: 7965: 7960: 7955: 7950: 7945: 7940: 7935: 7930: 7925: 7920: 7915: 7910: 7905: 7900: 7895: 7890: 7888:Graphic design 7885: 7880: 7875: 7870: 7865: 7860: 7855: 7850: 7845: 7840: 7835: 7830: 7825: 7820: 7815: 7810: 7808:Blow fill seal 7805: 7800: 7798:Authentication 7795: 7789: 7787: 7783: 7782: 7780: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7734: 7729: 7724: 7719: 7714: 7712:Shock detector 7709: 7704: 7699: 7694: 7689: 7687:Pump dispenser 7684: 7679: 7674: 7669: 7664: 7659: 7657:Plastic pallet 7654: 7649: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7629: 7624: 7619: 7617:Package handle 7614: 7609: 7604: 7599: 7594: 7589: 7584: 7579: 7574: 7569: 7564: 7559: 7554: 7549: 7544: 7539: 7534: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7484: 7479: 7474: 7469: 7464: 7459: 7454: 7449: 7444: 7439: 7434: 7432:Aluminium foil 7429: 7423: 7421: 7413: 7412: 7410: 7409: 7404: 7399: 7394: 7389: 7384: 7379: 7374: 7369: 7367:Stand-up pouch 7364: 7359: 7354: 7349: 7344: 7339: 7334: 7333: 7332: 7322: 7317: 7312: 7310:Plastic bottle 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7287: 7282: 7277: 7272: 7267: 7262: 7257: 7252: 7247: 7242: 7237: 7232: 7227: 7222: 7217: 7215:Folding carton 7212: 7207: 7202: 7200:Euro container 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7180:Disposable cup 7177: 7172: 7167: 7162: 7157: 7152: 7147: 7142: 7137: 7132: 7127: 7122: 7117: 7112: 7107: 7102: 7097: 7092: 7090:Antistatic bag 7087: 7082: 7077: 7072: 7066: 7064: 7058: 7057: 7055: 7054: 7049: 7044: 7039: 7034: 7029: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6942:Fuel container 6939: 6937:Food packaging 6934: 6929: 6924: 6919: 6914: 6909: 6904: 6899: 6894: 6889: 6884: 6879: 6874: 6869: 6864: 6862:Ammunition box 6859: 6853: 6851: 6845: 6844: 6842: 6841: 6836: 6831: 6829:Tamper-evident 6826: 6821: 6816: 6811: 6806: 6801: 6796: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6746: 6741: 6735: 6733: 6727: 6726: 6719: 6718: 6711: 6704: 6696: 6687: 6686: 6684: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6667: 6664: 6663: 6661: 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6634: 6632: 6628: 6627: 6625: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6608: 6606: 6602: 6601: 6599: 6598: 6596:The Print Shop 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6537:Adobe InDesign 6533: 6531: 6527: 6526: 6519: 6518: 6511: 6504: 6496: 6487: 6486: 6484: 6483: 6478: 6473: 6468: 6463: 6457: 6455: 6451: 6450: 6448: 6447: 6446: 6445: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6419: 6417: 6413: 6412: 6410: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6373: 6372: 6366: 6360: 6356: 6355: 6350: 6348:Literary agent 6345: 6341: 6339: 6332: 6331: 6326: 6325: 6318: 6311: 6303: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6290: 6280: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6263: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6237: 6232: 6227: 6222: 6217: 6211: 6209: 6205: 6204: 6202: 6201: 6200: 6199: 6189: 6188: 6187: 6182: 6177: 6172: 6167: 6160:Paper industry 6156: 6154: 6150: 6149: 6147: 6146: 6141: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6104:Handmade paper 6101: 6096: 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6070: 6068: 6062: 6061: 6059: 6058: 6053: 6048: 6043: 6038: 6033: 6027: 6025: 6023:Specifications 6019: 6018: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5984: 5982: 5978: 5977: 5975: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5862:Plastic-coated 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5808: 5807: 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5710: 5705: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5629: 5627: 5623: 5622: 5619: 5618: 5616: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5599: 5597: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5573:Matthias Koops 5569: 5567: 5559: 5558: 5556: 5555: 5550: 5543: 5541: 5534: 5533: 5528: 5522: 5520: 5514: 5513: 5511: 5510: 5500: 5497: 5496: 5489: 5488: 5481: 5474: 5466: 5457: 5456: 5454: 5453: 5443: 5433: 5422: 5419: 5418: 5416: 5415: 5410: 5408:World Book Day 5405: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5372: 5371: 5366: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5334:Book packaging 5331: 5326: 5325: 5324: 5319: 5309: 5303: 5301: 5297: 5296: 5294: 5293: 5288: 5287: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5268: 5263: 5262: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5237: 5235: 5231: 5230: 5228: 5227: 5222: 5220:United Kingdom 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5176: 5174: 5170: 5169: 5167: 5166: 5161: 5160: 5159: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5132: 5124: 5119: 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5047: 5042: 5041: 5040: 5030: 5024: 5022: 5018: 5017: 5015: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4967: 4966: 4965: 4960: 4955: 4950: 4945: 4935: 4934: 4933: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4912: 4911: 4901: 4895: 4893: 4889: 4888: 4881: 4880: 4873: 4866: 4858: 4852: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4820: 4815: 4810: 4804: 4798: 4793: 4787: 4771: 4753: 4752:External links 4750: 4749: 4748: 4738: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4718: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4704: 4697: 4688:Tam, Pui-Wing 4686: 4677: 4671: 4658: 4656:. Dover Books. 4649: 4632: 4625: 4618: 4606: 4599: 4582: 4576: 4561: 4552: 4549: 4544: 4543: 4536: 4516: 4502: 4500: 4497: 4494: 4493: 4474: 4449: 4423: 4393: 4367: 4337: 4294: 4264: 4246: 4216: 4196: 4181: 4155: 4084: 4014: 4007: 3984: 3977: 3948: 3941: 3921: 3875: 3866: 3854: 3849:New York Times 3824: 3809: 3789: 3773: 3757: 3741: 3734: 3714: 3691: 3676: 3664: 3652: 3640: 3619:10.1086/620028 3597: 3569: 3544: 3526: 3519: 3498: 3478: 3453: 3438: 3425: 3418: 3393: 3391:, p. 241. 3369: 3359: 3352: 3327: 3311: 3291: 3264: 3249: 3237: 3217: 3194: 3187: 3161: 3152: 3125: 3118: 3100: 3084: 3062: 3036: 3025: 3014: 3003: 2985: 2979:978-1861893352 2978: 2960: 2945: 2909: 2888: 2859: 2848: 2821: 2814: 2787: 2785:, p. 146. 2775: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2749: 2735: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2686:Main article: 2683: 2680: 2632: 2631: 2621: 2611: 2601: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2577: 2571: 2561: 2560: 2557: 2543:Main article: 2540: 2537: 2526: 2525: 2523: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2500: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2486: 2483: 2481:Transfer-print 2477: 2476: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2455: 2452: 2450:Inkjet printer 2446: 2445: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2424: 2423:piezoelectric 2421: 2419:Inkjet printer 2415: 2414: 2407: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2393: 2390: 2388:Inkjet printer 2384: 2383: 2381: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2363: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346:electrostatics 2343: 2337: 2336: 2334: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2321: 2319: 2316: 2310: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2284: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2258: 2257: 2254: 2247: 2246:0.8–8 μm 2244: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2227: 2226: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2163: 2160: 2150: 2147: 2141: 2138: 2128: 2125: 2119: 2116: 2111: 2108: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2080: 2076: 2024: 2021: 2013:William Carter 1962:Ottoman Empire 1926:Samuel Hartlib 1922: 1919: 1911:Main article: 1900: 1897: 1893: 1890: 1889: 1888: 1882: 1876: 1870: 1861: 1855: 1852:Laser printing 1849: 1843: 1833: 1830: 1818: 1815: 1790:Main article: 1787: 1784: 1749:Main article: 1746: 1743: 1707:Main article: 1692: 1689: 1679: 1676: 1675: 1674: 1655: 1637: 1631: 1603: 1602: 1599: 1591: 1588: 1585: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1566: 1562: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1538: 1525: 1515: 1512: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1492: 1489: 1466:New York World 1462:Richard M. Hoe 1454:Main article: 1451: 1448: 1397:printing press 1360:Printing press 1358:Main article: 1355: 1352: 1288:Main article: 1252: 1249: 1191: 1188: 1157: 1154: 1030:Main article: 995: 992: 977:Main article: 974: 971: 966:Main article: 963: 960: 944:printing press 920:Cyrus Cylinder 916:cylinder seals 903: 902: 900: 899: 892: 885: 877: 874: 873: 870: 869: 864: 859: 854: 848: 845: 844: 841: 840: 837: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 801: 796: 791: 786: 781: 776: 771: 769:Drip marketing 766: 761: 756: 750: 747: 746: 743: 742: 739: 738: 733: 728: 723: 718: 713: 708: 703: 698: 693: 688: 683: 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 648: 642: 639: 638: 635: 634: 631: 630: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 580: 575: 570: 565: 560: 555: 550: 545: 543:Communications 540: 535: 530: 525: 520: 515: 510: 505: 499: 496: 495: 492: 491: 490: 489: 481: 480: 470: 469: 467: 466: 459: 452: 444: 441: 440: 435: 434: 431: 425: 424: 421: 415: 414: 411: 405: 404: 401: 395: 394: 386: 380: 379: 376: 374:Laser printing 370: 369: 366: 360: 359: 356: 350: 349: 346: 340: 339: 336: 334:Spark printing 330: 329: 326: 320: 319: 316: 310: 309: 306: 300: 299: 296: 290: 289: 286: 280: 279: 276: 270: 269: 266: 260: 259: 256: 250: 249: 246: 240: 239: 236: 230: 229: 226: 220: 219: 216: 210: 209: 206: 200: 199: 196: 190: 189: 186: 180: 179: 176: 170: 169: 161: 155: 154: 146: 144:Printing press 140: 139: 136: 130: 129: 126: 120: 119: 116: 108: 105: 104: 101: 100: 92: 91: 85: 84: 50:printing press 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8984: 8973: 8970: 8968: 8965: 8963: 8960: 8958: 8955: 8954: 8952: 8937: 8936:Word-of-mouth 8934: 8932: 8929: 8927: 8924: 8922: 8919: 8917: 8914: 8912: 8909: 8907: 8904: 8902: 8901:Point of sale 8899: 8897: 8894: 8892: 8889: 8887: 8884: 8882: 8879: 8877: 8874: 8872: 8869: 8867: 8864: 8862: 8859: 8857: 8854: 8852: 8849: 8847: 8844: 8843: 8841: 8837: 8831: 8828: 8826: 8823: 8821: 8818: 8816: 8813: 8811: 8808: 8806: 8803: 8801: 8798: 8796: 8793: 8791: 8788: 8786: 8783: 8781: 8778: 8776: 8773: 8771: 8768: 8766: 8763: 8761: 8758: 8756: 8753: 8752: 8750: 8746: 8740: 8737: 8735: 8732: 8730: 8727: 8725: 8722: 8720: 8717: 8715: 8712: 8710: 8707: 8705: 8702: 8700: 8697: 8695: 8692: 8690: 8689:Effectiveness 8687: 8685: 8682: 8680: 8677: 8675: 8672: 8670: 8667: 8665: 8662: 8660: 8657: 8655: 8652: 8650: 8647: 8645: 8642: 8640: 8637: 8636: 8634: 8630: 8626: 8619: 8614: 8612: 8607: 8605: 8600: 8599: 8596: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8573:Label printer 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8550: 8548: 8544: 8538: 8535: 8533: 8532:Warning label 8530: 8528: 8525: 8523: 8520: 8518: 8515: 8513: 8510: 8508: 8505: 8503: 8500: 8498: 8495: 8493: 8490: 8488: 8485: 8483: 8480: 8478: 8475: 8473: 8470: 8468: 8465: 8463: 8460: 8458: 8455: 8454: 8452: 8448: 8442: 8439: 8437: 8434: 8432: 8429: 8427: 8424: 8422: 8421:Release liner 8419: 8417: 8414: 8412: 8409: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8363: 8361: 8358: 8354: 8350: 8343: 8338: 8336: 8331: 8329: 8324: 8323: 8320: 8310: 8299: 8293: 8290: 8288: 8285: 8283: 8280: 8278: 8275: 8273: 8270: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8208: 8205: 8204: 8202: 8196: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8170: 8169:Shrink tunnel 8167: 8165: 8162: 8160: 8157: 8155: 8152: 8150: 8147: 8145: 8142: 8140: 8137: 8135: 8132: 8130: 8127: 8125: 8122: 8120: 8117: 8115: 8112: 8110: 8107: 8105: 8102: 8100: 8097: 8095: 8092: 8090: 8087: 8085: 8082: 8080: 8077: 8075: 8072: 8070: 8067: 8065: 8064:Check weigher 8062: 8060: 8057: 8055: 8052: 8050: 8047: 8045: 8042: 8040: 8037: 8035: 8034:Bottling line 8032: 8030: 8027: 8025: 8022: 8021: 8019: 8015: 8009: 8006: 8004: 8001: 7999: 7996: 7994: 7991: 7989: 7986: 7984: 7983:Thermoforming 7981: 7979: 7976: 7974: 7973:Roll slitting 7971: 7969: 7966: 7964: 7961: 7959: 7956: 7954: 7951: 7949: 7946: 7944: 7941: 7939: 7936: 7934: 7931: 7929: 7926: 7924: 7921: 7919: 7918:Laser cutting 7916: 7914: 7911: 7909: 7906: 7904: 7901: 7899: 7898:Hermetic seal 7896: 7894: 7891: 7889: 7886: 7884: 7881: 7879: 7876: 7874: 7871: 7869: 7866: 7864: 7861: 7859: 7856: 7854: 7851: 7849: 7846: 7844: 7841: 7839: 7836: 7834: 7831: 7829: 7826: 7824: 7821: 7819: 7816: 7814: 7811: 7809: 7806: 7804: 7801: 7799: 7796: 7794: 7791: 7790: 7788: 7784: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7733: 7730: 7728: 7725: 7723: 7720: 7718: 7715: 7713: 7710: 7708: 7707:Security tape 7705: 7703: 7700: 7698: 7695: 7693: 7690: 7688: 7685: 7683: 7680: 7678: 7677:Polypropylene 7675: 7673: 7670: 7668: 7665: 7663: 7660: 7658: 7655: 7653: 7650: 7648: 7645: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7633: 7630: 7628: 7625: 7623: 7622:Packaging gas 7620: 7618: 7615: 7613: 7610: 7608: 7605: 7603: 7600: 7598: 7595: 7593: 7590: 7588: 7585: 7583: 7580: 7578: 7575: 7573: 7570: 7568: 7565: 7563: 7560: 7558: 7555: 7553: 7550: 7548: 7545: 7543: 7540: 7538: 7535: 7533: 7530: 7528: 7525: 7523: 7520: 7518: 7515: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7483: 7480: 7478: 7475: 7473: 7470: 7468: 7465: 7463: 7460: 7458: 7455: 7453: 7450: 7448: 7445: 7443: 7440: 7438: 7435: 7433: 7430: 7428: 7425: 7424: 7422: 7414: 7408: 7405: 7403: 7400: 7398: 7395: 7393: 7390: 7388: 7385: 7383: 7380: 7378: 7375: 7373: 7370: 7368: 7365: 7363: 7360: 7358: 7355: 7353: 7350: 7348: 7347:Shipping tube 7345: 7343: 7340: 7338: 7335: 7331: 7328: 7327: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7286: 7283: 7281: 7278: 7276: 7273: 7271: 7268: 7266: 7263: 7261: 7258: 7256: 7253: 7251: 7248: 7246: 7243: 7241: 7238: 7236: 7233: 7231: 7228: 7226: 7223: 7221: 7218: 7216: 7213: 7211: 7210:Flexible tank 7208: 7206: 7203: 7201: 7198: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7166: 7163: 7161: 7158: 7156: 7153: 7151: 7148: 7146: 7143: 7141: 7138: 7136: 7133: 7131: 7128: 7126: 7123: 7121: 7118: 7116: 7113: 7111: 7108: 7106: 7103: 7101: 7098: 7096: 7093: 7091: 7088: 7086: 7083: 7081: 7078: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7067: 7065: 7063: 7059: 7053: 7050: 7048: 7045: 7043: 7040: 7038: 7035: 7033: 7030: 7028: 7025: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6983: 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6903: 6900: 6898: 6895: 6893: 6890: 6888: 6885: 6883: 6880: 6878: 6875: 6873: 6870: 6868: 6865: 6863: 6860: 6858: 6855: 6854: 6852: 6846: 6840: 6837: 6835: 6832: 6830: 6827: 6825: 6822: 6820: 6817: 6815: 6812: 6810: 6807: 6805: 6802: 6800: 6797: 6795: 6792: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6784:Package theft 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6764:Overpackaging 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6742: 6740: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6728: 6724: 6717: 6712: 6710: 6705: 6703: 6698: 6697: 6694: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6668: 6665: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6609: 6607: 6603: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6534: 6532: 6528: 6524: 6517: 6512: 6510: 6505: 6503: 6498: 6497: 6494: 6482: 6479: 6477: 6474: 6472: 6469: 6467: 6464: 6462: 6459: 6458: 6456: 6452: 6444: 6441: 6440: 6439: 6438:Proof-reading 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6414: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6374: 6370: 6367: 6364: 6361: 6358: 6357: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6343: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6333: 6324: 6319: 6317: 6312: 6310: 6305: 6304: 6301: 6289: 6281: 6279: 6271: 6270: 6267: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6236: 6233: 6231: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6221: 6218: 6216: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6198: 6195: 6194: 6193: 6190: 6186: 6185:United States 6183: 6181: 6178: 6176: 6173: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6162: 6161: 6158: 6157: 6155: 6151: 6145: 6142: 6140: 6137: 6135: 6132: 6130: 6127: 6125: 6124:Paper machine 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6114:Kraft process 6112: 6110: 6107: 6105: 6102: 6100: 6097: 6095: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6085: 6082: 6080: 6077: 6075: 6072: 6071: 6069: 6063: 6057: 6054: 6052: 6049: 6047: 6044: 6042: 6039: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6028: 6026: 6024: 6020: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5985: 5983: 5979: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5776: 5773: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5719: 5716: 5715: 5714: 5711: 5709: 5706: 5704: 5701: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5630: 5628: 5624: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5600: 5598: 5594: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5570: 5568: 5564: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5544: 5542: 5538: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5523: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5509: 5505: 5502: 5501: 5498: 5494: 5487: 5482: 5480: 5475: 5473: 5468: 5467: 5464: 5452: 5448: 5444: 5442: 5434: 5432: 5424: 5423: 5420: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5403: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5370: 5367: 5365: 5362: 5361: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5345: 5342: 5340: 5339:Book swapping 5337: 5335: 5332: 5330: 5327: 5323: 5320: 5318: 5315: 5314: 5313: 5310: 5308: 5305: 5304: 5302: 5298: 5292: 5289: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5271: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5241: 5239: 5238: 5236: 5232: 5226: 5225:United States 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5175: 5171: 5165: 5162: 5158: 5155: 5154: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5147:Print culture 5145: 5143: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5127: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5077: 5076: 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5065:Bibliotherapy 5063: 5061: 5058: 5055: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5023: 5019: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4993: 4990: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4971: 4968: 4964: 4961: 4959: 4956: 4954: 4951: 4949: 4946: 4944: 4941: 4940: 4939: 4936: 4932: 4929: 4928: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4894: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4874: 4872: 4867: 4865: 4860: 4859: 4856: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4824: 4821: 4819: 4816: 4814: 4811: 4808: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4797: 4794: 4791: 4788: 4784: 4783: 4777: 4772: 4768: 4767: 4761: 4756: 4755: 4745: 4740: 4739: 4735: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4723: 4722: 4714: 4709: 4705: 4702: 4698: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4678: 4674: 4668: 4664: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4648: 4647:0-7100-1818-5 4644: 4640: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4626: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4604: 4600: 4598: 4597:0-521-29955-1 4594: 4590: 4586: 4583: 4579: 4573: 4569: 4568: 4562: 4559: 4555: 4554: 4548: 4539: 4537:0-521-08690-6 4533: 4529: 4525: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4504: 4503: 4499:Major sources 4484: 4483:JP-S56-144478 4478: 4463: 4459: 4453: 4438: 4434: 4427: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4397: 4382: 4381:New Scientist 4378: 4371: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4350:New Scientist 4347: 4341: 4333: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4298: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4268: 4260: 4256: 4250: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4220: 4213: 4209: 4206: 4200: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4166: 4159: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4131: 4127: 4123: 4119: 4115: 4111: 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4088: 4072: 4068: 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4040: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4021: 4019: 4010: 4004: 4000: 3999: 3991: 3989: 3980: 3974: 3970: 3969: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3944: 3938: 3934: 3933: 3925: 3917: 3913: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3897: 3893: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3870: 3861: 3859: 3851: 3850: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3834: 3828: 3821: 3820: 3813: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3793: 3785: 3784: 3777: 3770: 3764: 3762: 3754: 3748: 3746: 3737: 3731: 3727: 3726: 3718: 3710: 3706: 3702: 3695: 3689:, p. 88. 3688: 3683: 3681: 3674:, p. 87. 3673: 3668: 3662:, p. 83. 3661: 3656: 3650:, p. 80. 3649: 3644: 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3613:(2): 218–64. 3612: 3608: 3601: 3586: 3579: 3573: 3557: 3556: 3548: 3540: 3536: 3530: 3522: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3502: 3495: 3491: 3488: 3482: 3467: 3463: 3457: 3449: 3442: 3435: 3429: 3421: 3415: 3411: 3407: 3403: 3397: 3390: 3389:0-06-016590-1 3386: 3382: 3378: 3373: 3363: 3355: 3349: 3345: 3344:Prentice Hall 3341: 3337: 3331: 3324: 3320: 3315: 3308:(in Spanish). 3307: 3306: 3301: 3295: 3279: 3275: 3268: 3260: 3253: 3247:, p. 330 3246: 3241: 3235: 3231: 3227: 3221: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3198: 3190: 3188:0-300-08955-4 3184: 3180: 3175: 3174: 3165: 3156: 3149: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3135: 3129: 3121: 3115: 3111: 3104: 3097: 3093: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3072: 3066: 3050: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3029: 3023: 3018: 3012: 3007: 3001: 2997: 2994: 2989: 2981: 2975: 2971: 2964: 2957: 2952: 2950: 2933: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2921: 2920:Diamond Sutra 2913: 2907: 2906: 2902: 2899: 2892: 2876: 2872: 2866: 2864: 2856: 2851: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2835: 2831: 2825: 2817: 2815:9780191668746 2811: 2807: 2803: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2784: 2779: 2772: 2767: 2765: 2760: 2746: 2740: 2736: 2728: 2726: 2725:thermoplastic 2722: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2701: 2698: 2694: 2689: 2675: 2671: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2657: 2652: 2649: 2645: 2641: 2638:Professional 2636: 2629: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2592:heat transfer 2590: 2587: 2586:line printing 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2565: 2564: 2558: 2555: 2554: 2553: 2550: 2546: 2532: 2524: 2522:High quality 2519: 2516: 2514:1–1000 mPa s 2513: 2510: 2508: 2505: 2502: 2501: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2491: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2443: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2391: 2389: 2386: 2385: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2375: 2373: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2356:5–10 μm 2355: 2353: 2351: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2338: 2335: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2320: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2274:50–500 mPa·s 2273: 2271: 2268: 2265: 2263: 2260: 2259: 2255: 2248: 2245: 2243:50–200 mPa·s 2242: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2232: 2229: 2228: 2225: 2223: 2218:, sheet-fed) 2217: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2196: 2194: 2191: 2190: 2186: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2157: 2146: 2137: 2135: 2124: 2115: 2107: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2088: 2084: 2081: 2077: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2060: 2056: 2049: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2023:Social impact 2020: 2018: 2014: 2008: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1943: 1938: 1934: 1931: 1927: 1918: 1914: 1905: 1896: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1871: 1869: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1838: 1837: 1829: 1827: 1826:photopolymers 1823: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1804: 1799: 1793: 1783: 1780: 1771: 1752: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1727: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1710: 1702: 1697: 1688: 1686: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1641: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1617:Planographics 1615: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1608: 1600: 1597: 1596: 1595: 1582: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1563: 1558:Koenig press 1553:Koenig press 1548:Koenig press 1542: 1529: 1513: 1504: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1488: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1469: 1467: 1463: 1457: 1447: 1445: 1431: 1427: 1425: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1400: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1379:Around 1450, 1375: 1372:, collection 1371: 1366: 1361: 1347: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1336: 1330: 1328: 1324: 1319: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1303: 1301: 1300:letterpunches 1297: 1291: 1281: 1275: 1274: 1269: 1262: 1257: 1248: 1245: 1240: 1239: 1233: 1229: 1224: 1222: 1218: 1217:playing cards 1214: 1205: 1201: 1196: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1164: 1153: 1151: 1150:playing cards 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1115:Diamond Sutra 1111: 1109: 1108:Bulguk Temple 1105: 1101: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1077: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1033: 1025: 1021: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1004:Diamond Sutra 1000: 991: 989: 985: 980: 969: 959: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 937: 933: 929: 925: 921: 917: 913: 909: 898: 893: 891: 886: 884: 879: 878: 876: 875: 868: 865: 863: 860: 858: 855: 853: 850: 849: 843: 842: 835: 834:Word-of-mouth 832: 830: 827: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 805: 804:Point of sale 802: 800: 797: 795: 792: 790: 787: 785: 782: 780: 777: 775: 772: 770: 767: 765: 762: 760: 757: 755: 752: 751: 745: 744: 737: 734: 732: 729: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 714: 712: 709: 707: 704: 702: 699: 697: 694: 692: 689: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 659: 657: 654: 652: 649: 647: 644: 643: 637: 636: 629: 626: 624: 621: 619: 616: 614: 611: 609: 606: 604: 601: 599: 596: 594: 591: 589: 586: 584: 581: 579: 576: 574: 571: 569: 566: 564: 563:Effectiveness 561: 559: 556: 554: 551: 549: 546: 544: 541: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 524: 521: 519: 516: 514: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 500: 494: 493: 488: 485: 484: 483: 482: 479: 476: 475: 465: 460: 458: 453: 451: 446: 445: 443: 442: 432: 430: 426: 422: 420: 416: 412: 410: 406: 402: 400: 396: 387: 385: 381: 377: 375: 371: 367: 365: 361: 357: 355: 351: 347: 345: 341: 337: 335: 331: 327: 325: 321: 317: 315: 311: 307: 305: 301: 297: 295: 291: 287: 285: 281: 277: 275: 271: 267: 265: 261: 257: 255: 251: 247: 245: 241: 237: 235: 231: 227: 225: 221: 217: 215: 211: 207: 205: 201: 197: 195: 191: 187: 185: 181: 177: 175: 171: 162: 160: 156: 147: 145: 141: 137: 135: 131: 127: 125: 121: 117: 115: 111: 103: 102: 98: 94: 93: 90: 87: 86: 82: 81: 75: 71: 67: 63: 59: 55: 51: 47: 43: 39: 38:cylinder seal 34: 30: 19: 8905: 8856:Broadcasting 8714:Segmentation 8639:Distribution 8632:Key concepts 8410: 8359:construction 8198:Environment, 7947: 7813:Blow molding 7742:Stretch wrap 7672:Polyethylene 7662:Plastic wrap 7652:Plastic film 7637:Paper pallet 7572:Living hinge 7477:Coated paper 7357:Spray bottle 7337:Security bag 7330:Water sachet 7320:Salvage drum 7315:Retort pouch 7220:Glass bottle 7115:Blister pack 7080:Aluminum can 7047:Water bottle 6947:Gas cylinder 6922:Field ration 6819:Shelf-stable 6652: 6460: 6407:Copy editing 6225:Papier-mâché 6220:Paper towels 6139:Soda pulping 6056:Wet strength 5857:Photographic 5730:Cotton (rag) 5703:Construction 5400: 5396:Preservation 5312:Book burning 5307:Banned books 5060:Bibliophilia 5045:Bibliography 4975:advance copy 4958:instant book 4937: 4926:Illustration 4909:dust jackets 4780: 4764: 4743: 4727: 4720: 4712: 4707: 4700: 4693: 4689: 4681: 4662: 4653: 4638: 4628: 4621: 4613: 4602: 4588: 4566: 4557: 4546: 4527: 4523: 4511: 4507: 4477: 4465:. Retrieved 4461: 4452: 4440:, retrieved 4436: 4426: 4414:. Retrieved 4410:the original 4405: 4396: 4384:. Retrieved 4380: 4370: 4362:the original 4349: 4340: 4307: 4303: 4297: 4287:December 20, 4285:. Retrieved 4281:the original 4276: 4267: 4258: 4249: 4237:. Retrieved 4228: 4219: 4199: 4164: 4158: 4146:. Retrieved 4105: 4101: 4087: 4075:. Retrieved 4034: 4030: 3997: 3967: 3931: 3924: 3899: 3895: 3869: 3847: 3827: 3817: 3812: 3797: 3792: 3782: 3776: 3769:Burke, Peter 3752: 3724: 3717: 3709:the original 3694: 3667: 3655: 3643: 3610: 3606: 3600: 3588:. Retrieved 3584: 3572: 3560:. Retrieved 3554: 3547: 3538: 3529: 3510: 3501: 3481: 3469:. Retrieved 3465: 3456: 3447: 3441: 3428: 3405: 3396: 3380: 3372: 3362: 3339: 3330: 3322: 3314: 3304: 3294: 3282:. Retrieved 3267: 3258: 3252: 3240: 3225: 3220: 3203: 3197: 3181:–10, 42–45. 3172: 3164: 3155: 3147: 3144: 3128: 3109: 3103: 3095: 3087: 3078: 3065: 3053:. Retrieved 3049:the original 3039: 3028: 3017: 3006: 2988: 2969: 2963: 2936:. Retrieved 2925: 2919: 2912: 2896: 2895:Rees, Fran. 2891: 2879:. Retrieved 2875:the original 2853: 2838: 2824: 2801: 2778: 2773:, p. 8. 2745:the practice 2739: 2712: 2708: 2702: 2691: 2670:was common. 2653: 2637: 2633: 2616:– a type of 2562: 2551: 2548: 2473:A3 trim size 2442:A3 trim size 2411:A3 trim size 2333:low quality 2306:slow drying 2300:50–150 Pa·s 2222:A3 trim size 2219: 2216:A3 trim size 2205:40–100 Pa·s 2143: 2130: 2121: 2113: 2093: 2063: 2057: 2054: 2033: 2026: 2009: 1998: 1947: 1924: 1916: 1895: 1864:Relief print 1858:Pad printing 1835: 1820: 1811: 1807: 1795: 1775: 1751:Offset press 1728: 1719:movable type 1712: 1681: 1611: 1604: 1593: 1496: 1494: 1485:flexographic 1470: 1459: 1442: 1422:, and later 1402:Compared to 1401: 1378: 1333: 1331: 1320: 1304: 1293: 1290:Movable type 1271: 1238:Ars moriendi 1232:movable type 1227: 1225: 1209: 1172:Arabic Egypt 1161: 1159: 1127: 1112: 1048:printed the 1042:Tang dynasty 1035: 1008:Tang dynasty 994:In East Asia 982: 946:invented by 938:invented by 936:movable type 928:ink rubbings 907: 906: 578:Segmentation 503:Distribution 497:Key concepts 224:Rotary press 124:Movable type 46:movable type 29: 8921:Publication 8755:Advertising 8674:Co-creation 8553:Advertising 8457:Advertising 8436:Smart label 8396:Perforation 8094:Heat sealer 8059:Case sealer 7933:Papermaking 7853:Die cutting 7818:Calendering 7722:Shrink wrap 7597:Molded pulp 7582:Meat diaper 7547:Kraft paper 7527:Foam peanut 7517:Double seam 7487:Coextrusion 7457:Bubble wrap 7437:Bail handle 7382:Thermal bag 7305:Plastic bag 7120:Boil-in-bag 7052:Wine bottle 7037:Spray paint 6992:Popcorn bag 6987:Oyster pail 6872:Beer bottle 6586:QuarkXPress 6433:Typesetting 6402:Book editor 6338:preparation 6255:Paper money 6215:Lined paper 6134:Papermaking 6067:and process 6065:Manufacture 6041:Paper sizes 5770:Greaseproof 5755:Genkō yōshi 5608:Dard Hunter 5540:Originators 5508:Papermaking 5329:Book curses 5205:Netherlands 5075:Bookselling 5050:Bibliomania 5033:Bestsellers 5021:Consumption 5012:Book series 4997:Typesetting 4514:(1): 79–89. 4239:October 26, 3284:October 18, 2938:December 8, 2713:3D printing 2693:3D printing 2688:3D printing 2682:3D printing 2574:daisy wheel 2454:continuous 2431:5–20 mPa s 2262:Flexography 2231:Rotogravure 2224:, web-fed) 2104:booksellers 2069:Peter Burke 2042:Middle Ages 2038:Renaissance 1822:Flexography 1817:Flexography 1792:Rotogravure 1691:Letterpress 1624:lithography 1536: 1800 1523: 1600 1481:rotogravure 1438: 1920 1420:Renaissance 1323:paper money 1228:block-books 1088:: 1078:: 1068:: 952:Renaissance 671:Franchising 646:Advertising 613:Attribution 538:Co-creation 419:3D printing 392: 1972 204:Lithography 167: 1515 152: 1440 8951:Categories 8931:Web banner 8810:Propaganda 8699:Management 8659:Activation 8537:Wine label 8174:Staple gun 8154:Palletizer 8044:Can seamer 7913:Lamination 7838:Converting 7727:Slip sheet 7642:Paperboard 7507:Cushioning 7467:Cellophane 7442:Bioplastic 7420:components 7407:Wooden box 7377:Tetra Brik 7300:Paper sack 7275:Multi-pack 7225:Gunny sack 7095:Bag-in-box 7062:Containers 6927:Flour sack 6912:Egg carton 6887:Coffee bag 6867:Banana box 6809:Shelf life 6676:Comparison 6658:Web design 6344:Submission 6192:Paper mill 6119:Organosolv 5998:Fiber crop 5988:China clay 5947:Waterproof 5847:Paperboard 5725:Correction 5718:Carbonless 5566:Developers 5274:audiobooks 5173:By country 5126:Furniture 5117:Digitizing 5112:Collecting 5102:Censorship 5085:book towns 4970:Publishing 4953:incunabula 4892:Production 4442:August 11, 4416:August 11, 4386:August 23, 3687:Bolza 1967 3672:Bolza 1967 3660:Bolza 1967 3648:Bolza 1967 3245:Tsien 1985 2956:Tsien 1985 2783:Tsien 1985 2771:Tsien 1985 2755:References 2668:mimeograph 2664:hectograph 2618:xerography 2580:dot-matrix 2462:1–5 mPa·s 2400:1–5 mPa·s 2359:thick ink 2140:Curriculum 2065:Asa Briggs 1868:catalogues 1805:ablation. 1678:Crop marks 1657:Porous or 1652:collagraph 1487:printing. 1408:typography 1385:hand mould 1298:struck by 1046:Nara Japan 829:Web banner 716:Propaganda 523:Activation 487:Management 324:Xerography 264:Mimeograph 234:Hectograph 106:Techniques 76:in action. 74:3D printer 54:lithograph 8962:Documents 8886:New media 8815:Publicity 8704:Promotion 8684:Dominance 8625:Marketing 8578:Packaging 8502:Nameplate 8267:Recycling 8074:Drum pump 8017:Machinery 7868:Extrusion 7786:Processes 7757:Tear tape 7747:Susceptor 7737:Strapping 7692:Screw cap 7667:Polyester 7512:Desiccant 7416:Materials 7397:Unit load 7352:Skin pack 7295:Paper bag 7165:Clamshell 6907:Drink can 6839:Wrap rage 6723:Packaging 6557:CorelDRAW 6245:Notebooks 6230:Cardboard 6013:Wood pulp 5981:Materials 5957:Wood-free 5932:Wallpaper 5927:Tree-free 5867:Red rosin 5852:Parchment 5837:Onionskin 5832:Newsprint 5693:Cartridge 5688:Cardstock 5683:Cardboard 5633:Acid-free 5344:Book tour 5317:incidents 5249:miniature 5244:fictional 5130:bookcases 5070:Bookmarks 4985:paperback 4980:hardcover 4358:0262-4079 4346:"Ariadne" 4332:211386031 4324:0144-3577 4148:April 13, 4122:1460-4744 4077:April 21, 4067:203945576 4051:2050-7496 3916:145093891 3902:(4): 17. 3705:Microsoft 3635:144726990 3338:(1998) . 3055:March 10, 2927:idp.bl.uk 2624:solid ink 2568:blueprint 2459:5–100 pl 2172:Drop size 1978:Murad III 1671:risograph 1628:collotype 1444:Time Life 1370:Stradanus 1329:dynasty. 1315:Wang Zhen 1311:porcelain 1190:In Europe 1134:logograms 1081:無垢淨光大陀羅尼經 1071:무구정광대다라니경 789:New media 721:Publicity 573:Promotion 558:Dominance 478:Marketing 174:Mezzotint 8957:Printing 8906:Printing 8795:Premiums 8760:Branding 8719:Strategy 8709:Research 8477:Ecolabel 8411:Printing 8376:Hologram 8366:Adhesive 8349:Labeling 8200:post-use 8089:Heat gun 8039:Calender 7948:Printing 7777:Velostat 7772:Tinplate 7607:Overwrap 7532:Gel pack 7522:Flip-top 7427:Adhesive 7362:Squround 7265:Mesh bag 7250:Jerrycan 7195:Envelope 7135:Bulk box 7012:Sand bag 6977:Milk bag 6962:Juicebox 6877:Box wine 6850:packages 6671:Category 6653:Printing 6631:See also 6476:Trimming 6461:Printing 6428:Indexing 6416:Prepress 6278:Category 6235:Clothing 6153:Industry 6089:Deinking 6079:Calender 6036:Grammage 5922:Transfer 5887:Security 5760:Glassine 5663:Blotting 5638:Air-laid 5596:Scholars 5441:Category 5354:Dog ears 5270:Formats 5266:Grimoire 5259:textbook 5210:Pakistan 5157:literacy 5135:bookends 5054:tsundoku 4938:Printing 4703:. 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