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Pre-nominal letters

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200:, most of these pre-nominal degrees will be replaced by post-nominal bachelor's and master's degrees; but people who held academic degrees before the Bologna process may continue to use the pre-nominal academic degrees. In contexts where pre-nominal academic letters are used, such degrees may be placed prenominally for consistency (for example, " 270:
In Finland, abbreviated academic titles can appear before or after the name (for example, FM Matti Meikäläinen or Matti Meikäläinen, FM). In the United States a person may at their discretion use "Dr." as a pre-nominal or their doctoral degree's initials as a post-nominal, but rarely at the same
385:), independently of the real degree that he or she holds. The main exceptions to this are the holders of degrees in engineering and architecture, who are referred respectively by the pre-nominal abbreviated titles 448: 2327: 114:
These distinctive titles replace the standard honorifics used in polite address, indicating gender and, for women, marital status; the common English forms are
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time. It would also be very unusual to see a professional license (such as for an engineer) used as a pre-nominal in any form.
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for "docent" = Associated Professor). These degrees could be combined, with the highest degree appearing first, e. g.
657: 2322: 2198: 2045: 377:, it is usual for a person with a university degree to be generally referred by the abbreviated pre-nominal title 2114: 2332: 1761: 1748: 1329: 576: 1465: 1092: 1044: 712: 615: 1570: 770: 283: 1859: 1120: 841: 2302: 2171: 80: 2273: 2129: 1666: 955: 2442: 2012: 705: 363: 331: 311: 287: 1344: 2030: 1939: 1706: 1577: 1434: 1063: 422: 594: 1781: 826: 649: 436: 2069: 1801: 1536: 478: 355: 339: 327: 319: 186: 178: 151: 104: 56: 31: 8: 2429: 2166: 2156: 2079: 1377: 1111: 1087: 541: 279: 2292: 2235: 1999: 1679: 1472: 1354: 1034: 1008: 884: 775: 432: 299: 139: 92: 2378: 2144: 1633: 1513: 907: 873: 868: 653: 307: 295: 63:
the name. Examples of pre-nominal titles, for instance professional titles include:
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for Colonel; Church titles include P. (pater) and R.D. (Reverendissimus Dominus).
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In the Czech Republic, all academic degrees are widely used before the name:
193:(Austrian master's degree (Magister) in all disciplines except engineering). 2417: 2405: 2355: 2349: 2344: 2203: 1897: 1843: 1838: 1791: 1725: 1651: 1641: 1620: 1564: 1498: 1449: 1311: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1261: 1236: 1226: 1133: 914: 732: 456: 440: 414: 359: 347: 343: 2390: 2312: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1882: 1796: 1786: 1646: 1604: 1599: 1416: 1392: 1334: 1301: 1271: 1251: 1246: 1221: 1211: 1178: 1173: 989: 970: 924: 919: 800: 2383: 2366: 2307: 2287: 1944: 1872: 1819: 1815: 1743: 1559: 1526: 1459: 1362: 1306: 1128: 1082: 1039: 994: 945: 878: 858: 821: 795: 751: 746: 410: 100: 562: 274:
In Poland, abbreviated academic titles appear as pre-nominal letters:
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Pre-nominal academic degrees in German-speaking countries include:
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The titles of the same rank are separated by "et", e. g.
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for holders of inżynier degree (Polish equivalent for a
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Titles and Forms of Address: A Guide to Correct Use
37:"Prenominal" redirects here. For "pronominal", see 2455: 563:"Internetová jazyková příručka: Pořadí titulů" 542:"Members of the Bonn Mathematical Logic Group" 713: 720: 706: 282:(BSc), Bachelor of Engineering (BEng), or 644:Bloomsbury Publishing (31 January 2007). 510:"Chartered accountants allowed CA prefix" 219:– for Engineer, "lesser" doctors such as 55:the name of a person as distinct from a 173:(master's degree in computer science), 14: 2456: 616:"Lieutenant Tulloch's RAMC microscope" 507: 701: 674:"Experts Examined - Sir Richard Peto" 431:after the other title; for example: 508:Shenoy, Jaideep (28 January 2006). 133: 24: 404: 155:(Master's degree in engineering), 25: 2475: 161:(master's degree in management), 1368:Democratic Republic of the Congo 146:were traditionally pre-nominal. 666: 637: 608: 583: 569: 555: 534: 501: 235:(doctor of Natural Sciences), 165:(master's degree in physics), 13: 1: 494: 409:In the UK, those with both a 375:Portuguese-speaking countries 620:BBC - A History of the World 7: 462: 284:Bachelor of Applied Science 10: 2480: 2031:Imperial, royal, and noble 75:(European Engineer), Ir. ( 36: 29: 27:Letters indicating a title 2438: 2246: 2218: 2115:Imperial, royal and noble 2100: 2011: 1992: 1925: 1814: 1724: 1632: 1550: 1512: 1489: 1406: 1353: 1320: 1235: 1202: 1119: 1108: 1003: 933: 814: 788: 739: 298:(Polish equivalent for a 81:professional technologist 956:Maiden and married names 364:polytechnical university 332:polytechnical university 312:polytechnical university 288:polytechnical university 239:(doctor of Philosophy), 30:Not to be confused with 2443:Category:Lists of names 1373:Eritrean and Ethiopian 445:Norman Cardinal Gilroy 346:(Polish post-doctoral 223:(doctor of medicine), 59:title which is placed 2303:Galton–Watson process 1908:Ancient Tamil country 1330:Australian Aboriginal 650:Bloomsbury Publishing 286:(BASc)) awarded by a 2070:Post-nominal letters 1189:Indigenous Taiwanese 479:Post-nominal letters 322:(Polish Doctorate); 259:Army titles include 253:prof. JUDr. Ing. Bc. 140:Continental European 105:chartered accountant 32:Post-nominal letters 2430:Surnames by country 2055:Pre-nominal letters 1112:Surnames by country 280:Bachelor of Science 45:Pre-nominal letters 2293:Endonym and exonym 2236:Calendar of saints 2219:Related traditions 1993:Manners of address 1355:Sub-Saharan Africa 776:Nobiliary particle 591:"Address a Knight" 522:on 25 January 2013 433:Lieutenant General 247:for Professor and 227:(dentist doctor), 91:), Br. 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289: 285: 281: 277: 272: 268: 266: 263:for General, 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 205: 203: 199: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 171:Dipl.-Inform. 168: 164: 160: 159: 154: 153: 147: 145: 141: 131: 129: 125: 121: 117: 112: 110: 106: 102: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 40: 33: 19: 2418:Signum manus 2406:Royal cypher 2371: 2356:Nomen nescio 2354: 2350:Nomenclature 2345:Naming taboo 2157:Professional 2054: 2000:of authority 1950:Saint's name 1615:Scandinavian 1237:Muslim world 1075: 1051: 1022: 874:Occupational 733:anthroponymy 686:11 September 684:. 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( 2396:Signature 2283:Call sign 2259:Anonymity 2194:Religious 2120:Chivalric 2041:Religious 2036:Judiciary 2021:Honorific 2004:of honour 1903:Sinhalese 1893:Pakistani 1878:Malaysian 1873:Cambodian 1777:Kashubian 1769:Ukrainian 1734:Bulgarian 1673:Praenomen 1610:Icelandic 1481:Hungarian 1282:Pakistani 1217:Mongolian 1071:Ring name 1064:Heteronym 1030:Nicknames 951:Code name 903:Toponymic 893:Sobriquet 869:Mononymic 864:Metonymic 806:Last name 515:The Hindu 474:Honorific 453:Professor 399:arquiteto 202:MMathPhil 187:doctorate 179:doctorate 109:Professor 97:geologist 85:architect 77:ingenieur 2458:Category 2413:Khelrtva 2401:Monogram 2362:Misnomer 2340:Namesake 2274:National 2231:Name day 2189:Judicial 2179:Business 2172:Honorary 2162:Academic 2152:Military 2125:Courtesy 2110:Academic 2075:Academic 2065:Emeritus 1868:Javanese 1849:Filipino 1834:Balinese 1802:Suffixes 1739:Croatian 1702:Romanian 1687:Cognomen 1585:Canadian 1571:American 1552:Germanic 1537:Scottish 1455:Georgian 1445:Estonian 1430:Armenian 1425:Albanian 1383:Ghanaian 1340:Hawaiian 1277:Mandaean 1184:Okinawan 1169:Japanese 1140:Courtesy 1100:Username 1093:Mononyms 1059:Pen name 1045:Monarchs 1018:Art name 961:Necronym 941:Aptronym 854:Eponymic 815:By trait 679:BBC News 463:See also 371:Portugal 356:Doktorat 340:Doktorat 328:Doktorat 320:Doktorat 308:Magister 304:mgr inż. 296:Magister 185:(German 183:Dr. med. 177:(German 175:Dr.-Ing. 138:In some 95:), Gs. 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( 2333:Surname 2254:Acronym 2247:Related 2226:Baptism 1860:Chinese 1844:Burmese 1839:Bengali 1792:Serbian 1762:Russian 1707:Spanish 1694:Agnomen 1657:Occitan 1652:Italian 1642:Catalan 1634:Romance 1621:Swedish 1565:English 1522:Cornish 1499:Latvian 1473:Cypriot 1450:Finnish 1363:Ashanti 1322:Oceania 1312:Turkish 1292:Persian 1287:Pashtun 1262:Bengali 1227:Tibetan 1134:Chinese 1077:Shikona 983:Notname 915:Patrial 908:Surname 885:Surname 832:Epithet 771:Affixes 757:Surname 336:dr hab. 324:dr inż. 93:builder 73:EUR ING 69:Captain 39:Pronoun 2464:Titles 2423:Tughra 2328:Middle 2298:Family 2102:Titles 2088:medals 2086:, and 2080:Orders 2060:Suffix 2013:Styles 1972:Hebrew 1898:Sindhi 1883:Indian 1797:Slovak 1787:Polish 1726:Slavic 1647:French 1605:Gothic 1600:German 1514:Celtic 1491:Baltic 1440:Basque 1408:Europe 1393:Yoruba 1335:Fijian 1302:Somali 1297:Sindhi 1272:Coptic 1267:Berber 1252:Arabic 1247:Afghan 1212:Kalmyk 1179:Manchu 1174:Korean 1161:Titles 925:Virtue 920:Unisex 842:Common 837:Animal 656:  484:Suffix 419:clergy 393:) and 383:doutor 358:and a 342:and a 107:) and 65:Doctor 53:before 47:are a 2373:-onym 2323:Given 2319:List 2204:Papal 2130:False 1744:Czech 1680:Nomen 1667:Roman 1560:Dutch 1542:Welsh 1527:Irish 1460:Greek 1345:Māori 1307:Tatar 1222:Sakha 1129:Amami 847:Plant 489:Title 421:, or 245:prof. 241:ThDr. 237:PhDr. 233:RNDr. 229:JUDr. 225:MDDr. 221:MUDr. 61:after 49:title 1996:List 1913:Thai 1823:and 1532:Manx 1415:and 1388:Igbo 1088:List 1035:list 1024:Bugō 1009:list 731:and 688:2021 654:ISBN 631:2021 549:2021 528:2021 455:Sir 443:Sir 435:Sir 417:(or 395:arq. 387:eng. 276:inż. 265:plk. 261:gen. 249:doc. 217:Ing. 213:Mgr. 191:Mag. 128:Miss 126:and 124:Mrs. 1888:Lao 1378:Ewe 1147:Art 624:BBC 449:KBE 428:Sir 401:). 379:dr. 369:In 302:); 292:mgr 209:Bc. 169:or 120:Ms. 116:Mr. 2460:: 2082:, 1410:, 676:. 652:. 622:. 618:. 512:. 459:. 451:; 447:, 439:; 316:dr 122:, 118:, 111:. 71:, 67:, 2002:/ 1827:) 1818:( 1011:) 1007:( 764:/ 721:e 714:t 707:v 690:. 662:. 633:. 604:. 579:. 565:. 551:. 530:. 397:( 389:( 381:( 41:. 34:. 20:)

Index

Prenominal letters
Post-nominal letters
Pronoun
title
post-nominal
Doctor
Captain
EUR ING
ingenieur
professional technologist
architect
surveyor
builder
geologist
monsignore
chartered accountant
Professor
Mr.
Ms.
Mrs.
Miss
Continental European
academic degrees
Dipl.-Ing.
Dipl.-Kfm.
doctorate
doctorate
Bologna process
MMathPhil
Bachelor of Science

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