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216:) and were part of a patchwork of several cultures and subcultures. These indigenous peoples developed the cultivation of yucca in the lower elevations, corn at middle altitudes, and potatoes in the highlands. They practiced ceramic pottery and other crafts, with important achievements in the working of gold, as the use of “
200:
Most of the
Amerindians practiced agriculture and the social structure of each indigenous community was different. Some groups of indigenous people such as the Caribs lived in a state of permanent war, but others had less bellicose attitudes.
95:, with the population being concentrated in a similar way to Modern-Day Colombia. Lower estimates number the Pre-Columbian population at just around 3 million people whereas higher estimates place the population at 10-12 million people.
223:
None of the native peoples developed a system of writing comparable to that of the Mayas, nor a native empire such as that of the Aztecs or Incas. By 1500, the most advanced of the indigenous peoples were the
Taironas and the Muiscas.
320:
took advantage of its location in one of the main natural ways of communication between the
Pacific Coast and the valley of the Cauca River, which promoted the flourishing of a culture characterized by its goldsmith.
166:
Valley. Between 5000 and 1000 BCE, hunter-gatherer tribes transitioned to agrarian societies; fixed settlements were established, and pottery appeared. Beginning in the 1st millennium BCE, groups of
332:
and Córdoba) and its recognized by their utilitarian and ritual ceramics and goldsmith in which they combined several techniques. They also did a system of drainage channels to control floodings.
87:
The population of these Pre-Columbian cultures in the Modern-Day territory of
Colombia is estimated to have been around 6 million. Around a third of them, or about 2 million people were
119:. The oldest archaeological finds are from the Pubenza and El Totumo sites in the Magdalena Valley 100 kilometres (62 mi) southwest of Bogotá. These sites date from the
2249:
837:
127:
and other sites, traces from the
Archaic Period (~8000–2000 BCE) have been found. Vestiges indicate that there was also early occupation in the regions of
43:
2244:
382:, northern Colombia). This culture is recognized by their goldsmith, their pottery and their stone constructions in the slopes of the mountains, like
513:"Ford Revisited: A Critical Review of the Chronology and Relationships of the Earliest Ceramic Complexes in the New World, 6000-1500 B.C. (1994)"
2224:
870:
2209:
232:
1186:
809:
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There was no dominant culture in the pre-Columbian
Colombia. Most of the aboriginal groups belonged to one of 3 major linguistic groups (
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30:
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670:
1218:
1206:
596:
2120:
1235:
2179:
1230:
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852:
276:, in central Colombia. This culture is recognized by its megalithic statues, which were created for religious use. The
124:
236:
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1242:
734:
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550:
Van der Hammen, T; Correal, G (1978). "Prehistoric man on the Sabana de Bogotá: data for an ecological prehistory".
1994:
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Owing to its location, the present territory of
Colombia was a corridor of early human migration from
139:. The oldest pottery discovered in the Americas, found at San Jacinto, dates to 5000–4000 BCE.
1767:
1371:
1296:
1173:
1148:
862:
284:
496:
Correal, Urrego G. (1993). "Nuevas evidencias culturales pleistocenicas y megafauna en
Colombia".
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Indigenous people inhabited the territory that is now
Colombia by 12,500 BCE. Nomadic
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is recognized by their pottery, emphasizing the negative painting or positive bicolor.
213:
205:
1848:
363:). This culture is recognized by their goldsmith, which, among other things, produced
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with neighboring nations. Among Muisca goldsmith, is remarkable the fabrication of
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https://www.banrep.gov.co/sites/default/files/paginas/lbr_colonial_graficos3.pdf
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295:. It was characterized by their pottery work, which was mainly sculptural.
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220:”, an alloy of gold and copper that facilitated the work of the artisan.
120:
104:
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1919:
1899:
1341:
1133:
895:
528:
168:
155:
1526:
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Broadbent, Sylvia (1965). "Los
Chibchas: organización socio-polític".
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in central Colombia. It's recognized by their goldsmith and pottery.
261:
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1277:
394:
159:
151:
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1481:
1476:
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367:(bottles for storing lime used in chewing of coca leaves) of gold.
76:
1501:
588:
Historia de Colombia: el establecimiento de la dominación española
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409:. They farmed corn, potato, quinoa and cotton, and traded gold,
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inhabited northern Colombia in the isolated mountain range of
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1612:
1603:
1491:
1068:
112:
2250:
Population history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas
817:
591:(in Spanish). Bogotá: Office of the President of Colombia.
549:
351:
Ranges of the Colombian Andes (current-day departments of
272:
inhabited the upper Magdalena region in what is today the
162:
traded with one another and with other cultures from the
729:(in Spanish) (2 ed.). Quito: Ediciones Abya-Yala.
723:
Chaves, Álvaro; Morales, Jorge; Calle, Horacio (1995).
421:, anthropomorphic figurines used for ritual purposes.
67:
Location map of the pre-Columbian cultures of Colombia
2245:
Painting in the Americas before European colonization
413:, blankets, ceramic handicrafts, coca and especially
305:
In southwestern Colombia (department of Nariño), the
260:. The figure refers to the ceremony of the legend of
486:. Santa Fe de Bogotá: Ediciones Tercer Mundo, pp. 19
75:
refers to the ancient cultures and civilizations of
280:was located within the boundaries of this culture.
722:
328:was located in northwest Colombia (departments of
552:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2289:
2225:Ceramics of Indigenous peoples of the Americas
2210:Category: Archaeological sites in the Americas
193:with a pyramidal structure of power headed by
803:
405:in central Colombia, where they formed the
810:
796:
665:
663:
661:
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655:
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2215:Portal:Indigenous peoples of the Americas
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393:inhabited mainly the area of what is now
298:The Tolima culture inhabited current-day
819:Pre-Columbian civilizations and cultures
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619:
617:
615:
252:
241:
231:
62:
46:of all important aspects of the article.
644:
495:
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510:
42:Please consider expanding the lead to
791:
695:
612:
671:"Pre-Columbian cultures of Colombia"
584:
15:
1243:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Venezuela
312:In western Colombia (department of
287:was located in southwest Colombia (
13:
2235:Indigenous cuisine of the Americas
1214:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Colombia
783:(in Spanish). Bogotá: Gold Museum.
187:developed the political system of
123:period (18,000–8000 BCE). At
73:pre-Columbian cultures of Colombia
14:
2314:
1226:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Ecuador
1197:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Bolivia
773:
696:Lemos, Claudia (March 21, 2012).
675:ArS Artistic Adventure of Mankind
484:Invasión del país de los chibchas
2267:
1219:Archaeological sites in Colombia
1192:Cultures of Pre-Cabraline Brazil
446:
278:Tierradentro Archaeological Site
227:
20:
1202:Cultures of Pre-Columbian Chile
750:
716:
698:"Zenúes, los diestros del agua"
237:San Agustín Archaeological Park
34:may be too short to adequately
689:
578:
543:
504:
489:
476:
465:
44:provide an accessible overview
1:
2146:Spanish Conquest of Guatemala
1207:Archaeological sites in Chile
458:
82:
2240:Mesoamerican writing systems
2197:
1236:Archaeological sites in Peru
585:Melo, Jorge Orlando (1998).
572:10.1016/0031-0182(78)90077-9
376:Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
98:
7:
2136:Spanish Conquest of Yucatán
517:Journal of World Prehistory
424:
10:
2319:
2162:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
2065:Uaxaclajuun Ubʼaah Kʼawiil
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2014:
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1387:Llanos de Moxos (Bolivia)
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1004:
861:
825:
339:inhabited regions of the
2274:Civilizations portal
1231:Cultural periods of Peru
627:"Pre-Columbian Colombia"
453:Civilizations portal
2168:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
1014:Mesoamerican chronology
397:and the departments of
158:sites near present-day
2303:Prehistory of Colombia
871:Archaeological periods
726:Los indios de Colombia
498:Boletín de Arqueología
291:), in the border with
265:
250:
239:
68:
2174:List of Conquistadors
2061:Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal
1472:Quebrada de Humahuaca
891:Caddoan Mississippian
759:Serie Latinoamericana
511:Hoopes, John (1994).
441:Quimbaya Civilization
256:
245:
235:
66:
2141:Francisco de Montejo
2069:Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I
1182:Andean civilizations
1109:Shaft tomb tradition
482:Juan Friede (1966).
407:Muisca Confederation
380:Magdalena Department
326:Sinú or Zenú culture
289:Department of Nariño
2107:Manco Inca Yupanqui
1412:Manteño-Huancavilca
881:Ancestral Puebloans
781:"La gente y el oro"
677:. November 19, 2017
564:1978PPP....25..179V
436:Gold Museum, Bogotá
386:("The Lost City").
343:Valley between the
270:San Agustín culture
2230:Columbian exchange
2220:Portal:Mesoamerica
1372:La Tolita (Tumaco)
1187:Indigenous peoples
926:Hopewell tradition
853:Indigenous peoples
631:GlobalSecurity.org
529:10.1007/bf02221836
266:
251:
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69:
2298:Pre-Columbian era
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2255:Pre-Columbian art
2191:
2190:
2185:Francisco Pizarro
2151:Pedro de Alvarado
1467:Pucará de Tilcara
598:978-9-5880-2639-8
300:Tolima Department
249:("The Lost City")
61:
60:
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2180:Spanish Conquest
2157:Spanish Conquest
2132:Spanish Conquest
2121:Spanish Conquest
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93:Andean highlands
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2007:
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1695:Human Sacrifice
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1684:Human Sacrifice
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1628:Mayan Languages
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838:Genetic history
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314:Valle del Cauca
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164:Magdalena River
144:hunter-gatherer
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318:Calima culture
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285:Tumaco culture
247:Ciudad Perdida
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171:including the
146:tribes at the
125:Puerto Hormiga
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971:Poverty Point
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228:Main cultures
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2265:
2198:
2048:Moctezuma II
2005:Inca history
1930:Andean Music
1874:Architecture
1869:Architecture
1864:Architecture
1859:Architecture
1855:Architecture
1849:Gender Roles
1594:Tenochtitlan
1517:Timoto–Cuica
1512:Tierradentro
1297:Casma–Sechin
1213:
1029:Chalcatzingo
762:
758:
752:
740:. Retrieved
725:
718:
706:. Retrieved
704:(in Spanish)
701:
691:
679:. Retrieved
674:
634:. Retrieved
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602:. Retrieved
587:
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403:Cundinamarca
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334:
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311:
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282:
267:
222:
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199:
194:
188:
141:
137:Cundinamarca
117:Amazon basin
102:
86:
72:
70:
49:
33:
31:lead section
2111:Túpac Amaru
2095:Manco Cápac
2044:Moctezuma I
1955:Agriculture
1950:Agriculture
1945:Agriculture
1936:Agriculture
1879:Road System
1768:Mathematics
1633:Muysc Cubun
1487:San Agustín
1437:Monte Verde
1114:Teotihuacan
1006:Mesoamerica
901:Coles Creek
886:Anishinaabe
843:Archaeology
523:(1): 1–50.
341:Cauca River
258:Muisca raft
169:Amerindians
121:Paleoindian
105:Mesoamerica
91:located in
2292:Categories
2082:Tisquesusa
2056:Cuauhtémoc
2052:Cuitláhuac
1382:Lauricocha
1352:Gran Chaco
1342:Cupisnique
1327:Chinchorro
1302:Chachapoya
1292:Caral–Supe
1134:Tlaxcaltec
1124:Teuchitlán
1039:Chupícuaro
966:Plum Bayou
961:Plaquemine
931:Marksville
896:Chichimeca
500:(8): 3–13.
459:References
190:cacicazgos
156:Tequendama
133:Tequendama
83:Population
2103:Atahualpa
2099:Pachacuti
2074:Nemequene
1940:Chinampas
1762:Astronomy
1751:Astronomy
1731:Mythology
1726:Mythology
1721:Mythology
1716:Mythology
1712:Mythology
1542:Wankarani
1532:Tuncahuán
1422:Marajoara
1377:Las Vegas
1263:Atacameño
1159:Xochipala
1099:Purépecha
1059:Epi-Olmec
1049:Cuicuilco
991:Troyville
981:St. Johns
742:March 16,
708:March 16,
681:March 16,
636:March 16,
604:March 16,
537:161916440
415:rock salt
378:(current
357:Risaralda
262:El Dorado
109:Caribbean
99:Geography
52:June 2019
36:summarize
2199:See also
2117:Conquest
2090:Zoratama
1757:Calendar
1746:Calendar
1741:Calendar
1737:Calendar
1706:Religion
1701:Religion
1690:Religion
1679:Religion
1675:Religion
1664:Numerals
1658:Numerals
1619:Language
1599:Multiple
1537:Valdivia
1522:Tiwanaku
1482:Saladoid
1477:Quimbaya
1367:Kuhikugu
1347:Diaguita
1337:Chorrera
1154:Veraguas
1149:Veracruz
1129:Tlatilco
941:Mogollon
848:Cultures
826:Americas
702:Catorce6
425:See also
411:emeralds
337:Quimbaya
195:caciques
181:Quimbaya
107:and the
77:Colombia
2086:Tundama
2015:Peoples
2000:History
1995:History
1990:History
1986:History
1980:Cuisine
1975:Cuisine
1970:Cuisine
1965:Cuisine
1961:Cuisine
1819:Warfare
1814:Warfare
1809:Warfare
1805:Warfare
1799:Society
1794:Economy
1783:Society
1778:Society
1774:Society
1644:Writing
1638:Quechua
1623:Nahuatl
1590:Capital
1527:Toyopán
1507:Tairona
1417:Mapuche
1332:Chiripa
1307:Chancay
1278:Cañaris
1253:Amotape
1248:El Abra
1164:Zapotec
1144:Totonac
1119:Tepanec
1104:Quelepa
1074:Mezcala
1064:Huastec
1034:Cholula
1024:Capacha
1019:Acolhua
976:Sinagua
951:Patayan
921:Hohokam
911:Fremont
560:Bibcode
372:Tairona
365:poporos
361:Quindío
349:Central
345:Western
316:), the
293:Ecuador
218:tumbaga
214:Chibcha
185:Tairona
148:El Abra
129:El Abra
111:to the
89:Muiscas
2029:Muisca
2024:Mayans
2019:Aztecs
1653:Script
1648:Script
1608:Bacatá
1579:Muisca
1462:Pucará
1457:Piaroa
1452:Paiján
1447:Omagua
1402:Lupaca
1397:Lokono
1362:Kalina
1357:Huetar
1317:Chavín
1312:Chango
1287:Nariño
1283:Capulí
1273:Calima
1268:Aymara
1258:Arawak
1139:Toltec
1089:Olmecs
1084:Nicoya
1079:Mixtec
1054:Diquis
956:Picosa
946:Oshara
916:Glades
906:Dorset
733:
595:
535:
419:Tunjos
399:Boyacá
395:Bogotá
391:Muisca
353:Caldas
212:, and
206:Arawak
183:, and
173:Muisca
160:Bogotá
152:Tibitó
2034:Incas
1925:Music
1920:Music
1915:Music
1911:Music
1844:Women
1839:Women
1834:Women
1830:Women
1788:Trade
1669:Quipu
1613:Cusco
1604:Hunza
1569:Aztec
1502:Taíno
1497:Sican
1492:Shuar
1442:Nazca
1432:Mollo
1427:Moche
1407:Luzia
1322:Chimú
1094:Pipil
1069:Izapa
1044:Coclé
986:Thule
876:Adena
533:S2CID
330:Sucre
210:Carib
113:Andes
1824:Army
1606:and
1584:Inca
1574:Maya
1552:Zenú
1547:Wari
1392:Lima
744:2019
731:ISBN
710:2019
683:2019
638:2019
606:2019
593:ISBN
401:and
389:The
370:The
359:and
347:and
335:The
324:The
283:The
268:The
177:Zenú
154:and
131:and
115:and
71:The
1905:Art
1900:Art
1895:Art
1890:Art
1886:Art
568:doi
525:doi
135:in
2294::
2143:)
761:.
700:.
673:.
646:^
629:.
614:^
566:.
556:25
554:.
531:.
519:.
515:.
355:,
208:,
197:.
179:,
175:,
150:,
79:.
2187:)
2183:(
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2139:(
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2124:(
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1749:(
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1660:)
1656:(
1285:/
811:e
804:t
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763:5
746:.
712:.
685:.
640:.
608:.
574:.
570::
562::
539:.
527::
521:8
264:.
54:)
50:(
40:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
