531:
6552:
198:
5290:
3194:
3206:
231:
6564:
5279:
931:
46:
945:
605:. The Council sent letters to the civil and ecclesiastical authorities in Bohemia, insisting they deal with the heresy. Bohemian and Moravian nobles responded that the sentence on Hus was unjust and insulting to their country, and promised to protect priests against episcopal prosecutions for heresy. Prague was placed under interdict for sheltering the excommunicated
917:
704:
Canon law prohibited interest upon a loan. To avoid this, annuities were paid, interest in effect but not in name. The dispute as to the legality of annuity contracts was brought before Martin V in 1423. He held that purchased annuities, which were redeemable at the option of the seller, were lawful.
553:
After a long stay in
Florence while these matters were arranged, Martin was able to enter Rome in September 1420. He at once set to work establishing order and restoring the dilapidated churches, palaces, bridges, and other public structures. For this reconstruction he engaged some famous masters of
695:
In the same year Martin obtained a reduction of the autonomy of the commune of
Bologna, whose finances would be thenceforth under the authority of a papal treasurer. He also ended the war with Braccio da Montone in exchange for his recognition as vicar and reconciled with the deposed John XXIII, to
815:
During the Middle Ages, slavery had fallen out of usage in Europe. The Church denounced the enslavement of
Christians. However, voyages and discoveries brought other continents, where slavery still existed, into European consciousness, raising the question of whether slavery of unbelievers and
792:, they obtained from Pope Martin V various bulls (1418 and 1422) in which their former privileges were confirmed and in which he exhorted the friars to use moderate language. In the last years of his pontificate, however, he repealed several of his ordinances. A gathering, convoked by the
828:
related to the buying and selling of
Christians, but has been considered ineffectual as prior injunctions against the Viennese, including the Laws of Gazaria, made allowances for the sale of both Christian and Muslim slaves. Ten black African slaves were presented to Martin by
820:(1441), sanctioned the Portuguese trade in African slaves. In March 1425 a bull was issued that threatened excommunication for any dealers in Christian slave and ordered Jews to wear a "badge of infamy" to deter, in part, the buying of Christians. In June 1425 Martin
632:
were thrown by the miners into the shafts of disused silver mines. King
Wenceslaus swore death to all the rebels, but died of a stroke in August, 1419. The next months were marked by deeds of violence; many citizens, especially Germans, had to flee.
663:
In addition to the
Hussite Crusades, Martin declared a Crusade against the Ottoman Empire in 1420 in response to the rising pressure from the Ottoman Turks. In 1419–1420 Martin had diplomatic contacts with the Byzantine emperor
905:, although they are sometimes still referred to as "Martin II" and "Martin III". This has advanced the numbering of all subsequent Popes Martin by two. Popes Martin IV–V were actually the second and third popes by that name.
833:. According to Koschorke, Martin supported colonial expansion. Davidson (1961) argues that Martin's injunction against slavery was not a condemnation of slavery itself, but rather driven through fear of "infidel power".
628:, a noble of southern Bohemia, the building was stormed and people found inside were thrown out of the windows on to the spears and swords of the processionists, and hacked to pieces. In Kuttenberg, hundreds of captured
731:"). It was rather poorly attended, which gave the Pope a pretext for dissolving it, as soon as it had come to the resolution that "internal church union by reform ought to take precedence over external union". It was
892:
When the second Pope to take the name Martin was elected in 1281, there was confusion over how many Popes had taken the name before. It was believed then that there were three, so the new Pope of 1281 became
620:, who had resisted what he considered interference in his kingdom, commanded that all ejected Catholic beneficiaries should be reinstated in their offices and revenues. Prague prepared for armed resistance.
824:
those who sold
Christian slaves to Muslims. Traffic in Christian slaves was not banned, purely the sale to non-Christian owners. The papal bull of excommunication issued to the Genoese merchants of
668:, who was invoking a council in Constantinople. On 12 July 1420 the Pope conceded to attach an indulgence to anyone who would contribute to a crusade against the latter, which would be led by
3966:
3803:
844:... olitical weakness compelled the Renaissance Papacy to adopt an acquiescent and unchallenging position when approached for requests for privileges in favour of these ventures."
6340:
550:, several fiefs in the Kingdom of Naples for his relatives and, most important of all, an agreement that Muzio Attendolo, then hired by the Neapolitans, should leave Rome.
705:
When the lawfulness of annuities was established, they were widely used in commerce; it seems that city states used them to raise compulsory loans from their citizens.
6664:
6229:
3558:
5326:
4973:
680:
The main concern of Martin's pontificate from 1423 was the resumed war against
Braccio da Montone. The following year, the combined Papal-Neapolitan army, led by
6536:
6531:
3588:
6649:
6624:
4893:
3991:
5880:
5360:
3142:
6255:
4458:
640:, who prepared to restore order. On 1 March 1420, Pope Martin V issued a Bull inviting all Christians to unite in a crusade against the Wycliffites (
6330:
3244:
648:, who was posthumously declared a heretic in 1415, be dug up and burned. The crusades against the Lollards, however, were ultimately unsuccessful.
606:
4779:
816:
outside of Europe was permitted. According to Burton, Martin authorized a crusade against Africa in 1418, and this, coupled with a later bull of
557:
Faced with competing plans for general reform offered by various nations, Martin V submitted a counter-scheme and entered into negotiations for
1365:
998:
5640:
5367:
5171:
4958:
3961:
3298:
530:
5319:
3841:
5913:
5406:
4510:
4253:
3791:
3011:
1340:
6295:
5594:
5166:
4195:
4098:
5131:
4993:
3911:
6048:
3506:
6659:
6619:
5312:
5078:
4172:
3005:
334:
and
Caterina Conti, between 26 January and 20 February 1369. He belonged to one of the oldest and most distinguished families of
5742:
5684:
3406:
3401:
5110:
5058:
3690:
3070:
1437:
1418:
1399:
1380:
1358:
5552:
5448:
5048:
4784:
3302:
3237:
755:(also known as "Louvain" in both English and French), a town in what was then the Duchy of Brabant, and what is modern day
6629:
6614:
6414:
6312:
6199:
5088:
4918:
3826:
3573:
3172:
1302:
1014:
In the document issued on 25 January 1391 by Pope
Boniface IX he is reported as being in the 22nd year of his life, see
6452:
5754:
5505:
4747:
4244:
3853:
3578:
3148:
1275:
1219:
5584:
4730:
4332:
3979:
3813:
3264:
1313:
461:
and 30 delegates of the council. He was ordained a priest on 13 November 1417, and consecrated bishop the next day.
6355:
5835:
5725:
5244:
4792:
4545:
4490:
4355:
4090:
4086:
3831:
3616:
3563:
132:
1015:
5850:
5774:
5394:
5372:
5253:
4595:
4570:
4535:
4530:
4495:
4375:
3974:
3858:
3448:
3411:
3294:
3274:
3230:
1523:
464:
Martin left Constance at the close of the council (May 1418), but travelled slowly through Italy and lingered at
624:, an extreme anti-Catholic preacher of Prague, led a procession to the town hall, where under the leadership of
6599:
6089:
5708:
5355:
5347:
5335:
5191:
4903:
4590:
4560:
4540:
4480:
4270:
3986:
3524:
3516:
3428:
3289:
3269:
1577:
719:) ordered that councils should be held every five years. Martin V summoned a council in 1423 that met first at
6384:
5963:
5938:
5547:
4565:
4555:
3881:
3752:
3650:
3347:
1072:
958:
789:
669:
637:
6424:
5943:
5933:
5389:
5146:
5117:
5100:
5008:
4620:
4585:
4575:
4153:
4134:
3996:
3747:
3660:
3166:
205:
6654:
6644:
6389:
5759:
5532:
5156:
3906:
3774:
3643:
2995:
6398:
5423:
5073:
4871:
4525:
4177:
4143:
4102:
1572:
857:
804:
602:
520:
197:
6457:
6159:
5470:
5263:
5209:
4880:
4830:
4520:
4475:
3583:
1552:
788:
The excitement of the Church during the Hussite movement rendered the Jews apprehensive, and through
772:
495:
was held by local "vicars", who were in fact petty hereditary lords. In particular, Martin confirmed
396:, by whom his family obtained several privileges, while Oddone obtained for himself the vicariate of
238:
6290:
5865:
5382:
5293:
5229:
5151:
5122:
4742:
4737:
4615:
4515:
4500:
4485:
4327:
4148:
4038:
3956:
3780:
3757:
3708:
3381:
830:
617:
6639:
6634:
5908:
5764:
5491:
5214:
4846:
4807:
4774:
4220:
4200:
4068:
3946:
3896:
3675:
3476:
3416:
1557:
840:
hard to avoid the conclusion that the pope was agreeing to whatever was asked of him by the king.
1020:
According to the 15th-century librarian of the Vatican Library and author of the lives of Popes
656:
According to Burton, Pope Martin authorized a crusade against Africa in 1418 in relation to the
6609:
6379:
6265:
5978:
5283:
5224:
5219:
4853:
4659:
4580:
4505:
4385:
4063:
3951:
3891:
3568:
3456:
3210:
1466:
512:
458:
450:
374:
1334:
6275:
6260:
5973:
5830:
5737:
5537:
5520:
5433:
5377:
4988:
4815:
4240:
4021:
3886:
3732:
3438:
3376:
3335:
3320:
2986:
1168:
748:
689:
665:
362:
6325:
589:
was in turmoil and the subject of much discussion at the Council of Constance. Adherents of
479:. The Pope at the time ruled only Rome (when not rebellious) and its environs: Braccio held
6594:
6589:
6507:
6502:
6497:
6492:
6487:
6482:
6477:
6472:
6467:
6434:
6361:
6204:
6164:
5983:
5885:
5860:
5799:
5604:
5579:
5515:
4392:
4361:
4258:
4139:
4053:
3933:
3836:
3553:
3548:
3471:
3421:
3352:
3330:
1098:." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910. 25 July 2014
853:
535:
417:
389:
8:
6556:
6280:
6270:
6219:
6077:
6063:
5923:
5665:
5428:
5181:
5083:
4876:
4860:
4380:
4290:
3741:
3685:
3633:
3534:
3496:
2851:
2234:
1516:
1473:
936:
454:
442:
393:
358:
453:(1394–1423). Martin was elected pope, at the age of 48, at the Council of Constance on
314:
from 11 November 1417 to his death in February 1431. His election effectively ended the
6568:
6345:
6114:
6038:
6006:
5825:
5794:
5631:
5619:
5480:
5418:
5201:
5018:
3876:
3868:
3611:
3312:
3279:
3130:
3124:
3019:
2871:
2866:
2831:
2700:
2680:
2600:
2499:
2474:
2464:
2364:
2349:
1873:
1601:
1594:
1021:
992:
800:, sent a deputation asking Pope Martin V to abolish the oppressive laws promulgated by
558:
476:
351:
6134:
468:. His authority in Rome was represented by his brother Giordano, who had fought under
6514:
6419:
6194:
6180:
6154:
6139:
6043:
6028:
5958:
5948:
5817:
5749:
5650:
5614:
5510:
5161:
4397:
3722:
3602:
3369:
3325:
3205:
3038:
2971:
2966:
2886:
2881:
2856:
2790:
2765:
2745:
2705:
2655:
2620:
2575:
2540:
2530:
2520:
2504:
2489:
2449:
2434:
2404:
2329:
2309:
2269:
2154:
2008:
1953:
1807:
1433:
1414:
1395:
1376:
1354:
1309:
1271:
1215:
1155:
1045:
1026:
897:. But, in reality, those believed to be Martin II and Martin III were actually named
621:
562:
543:
496:
378:
339:
145:
6404:
6209:
6189:
6109:
6094:
5993:
5895:
5769:
5609:
5567:
5562:
5542:
5525:
5438:
5023:
4797:
4759:
4717:
4645:
4640:
4607:
4414:
4347:
4310:
4305:
4285:
4280:
4205:
4058:
4048:
4008:
3539:
3357:
3340:
3025:
2961:
2936:
2916:
2891:
2876:
2846:
2785:
2780:
2730:
2660:
2650:
2630:
2605:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2535:
2494:
2444:
2439:
2429:
2409:
2399:
2359:
2304:
2279:
2254:
2229:
2219:
2209:
2194:
2093:
2073:
2063:
2028:
1963:
1958:
1938:
1898:
1838:
1777:
1762:
1757:
1692:
1677:
1652:
1642:
1459:
1011:
His date of birth can be established basing on the following contemporary reports:
922:
736:
728:
685:
594:
504:
446:
318:
of 1378–1417. He is the last pope to date to take on the pontifical name "Martin".
287:
4263:
6462:
6429:
6373:
6367:
6224:
6129:
6033:
5845:
5339:
5304:
5258:
5141:
4998:
4963:
4769:
4764:
4689:
4684:
4625:
4550:
4300:
4230:
3762:
3703:
3253:
3064:
3031:
2951:
2861:
2836:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2740:
2675:
2640:
2625:
2560:
2550:
2525:
2479:
2459:
2424:
2414:
2394:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2344:
2339:
2289:
2274:
2199:
2179:
2159:
2144:
2139:
2119:
2083:
2068:
1988:
1973:
1968:
1933:
1923:
1908:
1868:
1858:
1843:
1833:
1823:
1687:
1632:
1536:
1450:
902:
861:
681:
644:), Hussites, and other heretics. In 1428, the pope commanded that the remains of
469:
465:
385:
370:
307:
62:
445:
in 1415, the Council of Constance was long divided by the conflicting claims of
6604:
6525:
6350:
6144:
6119:
6083:
6023:
6016:
6011:
6001:
5855:
5840:
5779:
5655:
5645:
5401:
5176:
5105:
4953:
4888:
4674:
4664:
4650:
4635:
4315:
4210:
4094:
4073:
3607:
3486:
3461:
3433:
3364:
3198:
3154:
3136:
3105:
3099:
3091:
3085:
3079:
2911:
2841:
2775:
2725:
2715:
2695:
2670:
2615:
2610:
2580:
2555:
2484:
2469:
2454:
2389:
2334:
2324:
2299:
2184:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2058:
2043:
1978:
1943:
1913:
1883:
1878:
1863:
1797:
1772:
1747:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1717:
1637:
1627:
1509:
1501:
1493:
950:
898:
894:
817:
625:
331:
315:
279:
37:
5718:
852:
During his permanence in Rome, Martin moved his residence from the Lateran to
6583:
6409:
6335:
6301:
6285:
6245:
5928:
5903:
5679:
5589:
5574:
5496:
5068:
5028:
4913:
4835:
4820:
4669:
4630:
4436:
4320:
4117:
3786:
3501:
2946:
2926:
2901:
2770:
2735:
2710:
2645:
2570:
2565:
2545:
2419:
2354:
2314:
2294:
2284:
2189:
2098:
2053:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1948:
1928:
1918:
1893:
1853:
1802:
1792:
1787:
1767:
1722:
1682:
1667:
1647:
1589:
1547:
1329:
1113:
1095:
963:
877:
869:
645:
366:
347:
25:
6519:
6394:
6250:
6214:
5953:
5875:
5719:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5443:
5043:
4978:
4908:
4898:
4825:
4725:
4694:
4470:
4419:
4187:
4129:
4026:
3797:
3714:
3670:
3665:
3655:
3466:
3393:
3160:
2976:
2956:
2941:
2921:
2906:
2896:
2755:
2750:
2690:
2685:
2635:
2319:
2264:
2259:
2214:
2204:
2103:
2078:
2048:
1983:
1903:
1828:
1742:
1707:
1702:
1697:
1657:
629:
421:
311:
243:
171:
1145:
Lumley's Treatise upon the Law of Annuities and Rent Charges, 1st ed, 1833
1046:"Miranda, Salvador. "Colonna, Oddone", Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church"
6320:
6149:
6124:
6099:
6072:
6059:
5968:
5870:
5557:
5239:
5095:
4968:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4923:
4225:
4160:
4016:
3941:
3919:
3767:
3529:
3491:
2931:
2811:
2806:
2760:
2384:
2249:
2244:
2149:
2088:
2033:
2023:
2018:
1888:
1712:
1662:
1617:
473:
413:
96:
1016:
MARTINO V, papa. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani – Volume 71 (2008)
6104:
5689:
4933:
4928:
4752:
4679:
4295:
4215:
3846:
3045:
2720:
2239:
2224:
2038:
2013:
1848:
1752:
1672:
1622:
1564:
1268:
A history of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, 1450–1990
428:
and took part in the process leading to the deposition of John XXIII.
5038:
5033:
5003:
4699:
4462:
4446:
4431:
4275:
4165:
4043:
4033:
3901:
3680:
1782:
1333:
881:
732:
547:
327:
167:
106:
51:
6563:
5918:
5672:
5660:
5278:
5186:
5013:
4112:
3481:
1584:
873:
821:
801:
715:
641:
610:
425:
230:
3222:
864:. He also frequently sojourned in towns held by his family in the
797:
500:
6175:
5789:
5411:
4983:
3821:
3695:
3638:
930:
756:
613:
arrived attracted by Bohemia's reputation for religious liberty.
590:
586:
566:
524:
488:
484:
405:
401:
45:
1191:
1024:, he died in the 63rd year of his life, see Bartolomeo Platina:
6341:
Pope Pius XII 1942 consecration to the Immaculate Heart of Mary
5784:
5694:
5599:
5136:
4441:
4426:
4370:
4337:
865:
768:
752:
598:
570:
516:
492:
480:
409:
343:
554:
the Tuscan school and helped instigate the Roman Renaissance.
392:. Later he confirmed his allegiance to Alexander's successor,
5234:
4402:
4366:
1253:
The Making of the African Diaspora in the Americas, 1441-1900
1158:, preserved 25 ATR 388 in the Corp Jur Canon Extra III tit 5.
825:
724:
720:
574:
508:
457:, 11 November 1417. Participants in the conclave included 23
527:, who would later marry the pope's niece Caterina Colonna.
4407:
4126:
1532:
1483:
793:
397:
335:
735:
for seven years. The seventeenth council then met as the "
6230:
Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution
742:
771:
on 20 February 1431 at the age of 62. He is buried at
6261:
Dogma of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary
912:
5334:
739:" in February 1431 shortly before Martin's death.
294:; January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born
6665:Burials at the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
675:
638:Sigismund, King of the Romans and King of Hungary
561:, for the most part vague and illusory, with the
412:. He was excommunicated for this in 1411 by Pope
6581:
6331:Persecutions of the Catholic Church and Pius XII
1531:
1270:. Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans. p. 144.
696:whom he gave the title of Cardinal of Tusculum.
416:. Oddone was with John XXIII's entourage at the
708:
692:(2 June 1424); Braccio died a few days later.
5320:
3238:
1517:
1129:
1127:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1057:
1055:
534:Pope Martin's election as pope. Chronicle of
16:Head of the Catholic Church from 1417 to 1431
6650:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
1344:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1266:Koschorke, Klaus; et al., eds. (2007).
1073:"MARTINO V, papa in "Dizionario Biografico""
6625:15th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops
807:. The deputation succeeded in its mission.
6346:Dogma of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
6296:Prayer of Consecration to the Sacred Heart
5327:
5313:
5167:International Alliance of Catholic Knights
3245:
3231:
1524:
1510:
1124:
1052:
997:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
196:
44:
1392:The problem of slavery in Western culture
1265:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1040:
1038:
487:as an independent commune, while much of
1408:
1328:
1290:
1250:
1234:
747:On December 9, 1425, Martin founded the
657:
636:Wenceslaus was succeeded by his brother
601:by the council, adopted the practice of
529:
1296:
1209:
424:on 21 March 1415. Later he returned to
6582:
3626:
1430:Racism, health, and post-industrialism
1427:
1370:
1348:
1307:, p.182, Oxford University Press, 2002
1246:
1214:. Chichester: Barry Rose. p. 49.
1197:
1133:
1101:
1035:
810:
713:A decree of the Council of Constance (
5308:
3226:
1505:
1389:
1305:Religious Warfare in Europe 1400–1536
1185:
1090:
1088:
1086:
982:
743:Founding of the University of Louvain
546:, Martin obtained the restitution of
1488:14 November 1417 – 20 February 1431
699:
6200:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
3252:
783:
542:In exchange for the recognition of
388:, and was one of the supporters of
13:
5755:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
1251:Thompson, Vincent Bakpetu (1987).
1083:
420:and followed him in his escape at
14:
6676:
1114:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hussites"
778:
6562:
6550:
5881:Fourth Council of Constantinople
5836:Second Council of Constantinople
5289:
5288:
5277:
5245:Society of Saint Vincent de Paul
4793:Criticism of the Catholic Church
3204:
3193:
3192:
943:
929:
915:
229:
133:Jean Franczon Allarmet de Brogny
5851:Third Council of Constantinople
5775:First Council of Constantinople
3412:First seven ecumenical councils
1371:Burton, Keith Augustus (2007).
1284:
1259:
1240:
1228:
1212:Slavery and the Catholic Church
1203:
1179:
1161:
580:
6660:15th-century Italian cardinals
6620:Cardinal-bishops of Palestrina
6090:Dissolution of the monasteries
5356:History of the Catholic Church
3987:Separation of church and state
1432:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
1394:. Oxford University Press US.
1210:Maxwell, John Francis (1975).
1148:
1139:
1005:
985:The Oxford Dictionary of Popes
976:
751:or Universitas Lovaniensis in
676:War against Braccio da Montone
338:. His brother Giordano became
1:
5964:Fourth Council of the Lateran
5939:Second Council of the Lateran
5548:Apostles in the New Testament
1322:
959:Cardinals created by Martin V
847:
369:(1378–1389), and was created
6078:Catholic Counter-Reformation
5944:Third Council of the Lateran
5934:First Council of the Lateran
5390:Catholic ecumenical councils
887:
836:Norman Housley finds it "...
709:Periodic ecumenical councils
384:In 1409 he took part in the
321:
7:
1413:. James Currey Publishers.
1390:Davis, David Brion (1988).
1349:Setton, Kenneth M. (1978).
908:
767:Martin V died in Rome of a
651:
436:
326:Oddone Colonna was born at
50:Portrait of Martin V after
10:
6681:
6630:People of the Hussite Wars
6615:University of Pavia alumni
5424:History of the Roman Curia
5284:Catholic Church portal
1428:Semmes, Clovis E. (1996).
858:Basilica of Santi Apostoli
603:Communion under both kinds
593:, who had been previously
521:Guidantonio da Montefeltro
357:Oddone studied law at the
6545:
6445:
6311:
6238:
6173:
6160:European wars of religion
6057:
5992:
5894:
5816:
5707:
5630:
5490:
5479:
5471:Eastern Catholic Churches
5346:
5272:
5210:Aid to the Church in Need
5200:
5057:
4870:
4831:Vatican Television Center
4806:
4716:
4606:
4476:Eastern Catholic Churches
4457:
4346:
4239:
4186:
4111:
4082:
4007:
3932:
3867:
3812:
3731:
3601:
3515:
3447:
3392:
3311:
3288:
3260:
3188:
3115:
3055:
2994:
2985:
2799:
2513:
2112:
1816:
1610:
1543:
1490:
1481:
1456:
1449:
1351:The Papacy and the Levant
773:St. John Lateran Basilica
431:
265:
257:
249:
237:
228:
215:
206:Other popes named Martin
204:
192:
178:
156:
151:
138:
125:
117:
112:
102:
92:
84:
76:
68:
58:
43:
36:
23:
6291:Mary of the Divine Heart
5914:Clash against the empire
5866:Second Council of Nicaea
5760:Old St. Peter's Basilica
5152:Communion and Liberation
4616:Eastern Catholic liturgy
3781:Mystici Corporis Christi
3709:Sixto-Clementine Vulgate
1409:Davidson, Basil (1961).
969:
831:Prince Henry of Portugal
762:
6557:Vatican City portal
5909:Investiture Controversy
5765:First Council of Nicaea
3967:Philosophy of canon law
3897:Mariology of the saints
3477:Investiture Controversy
3006:During the Roman Empire
1411:The African Slave Trade
1341:Encyclopædia Britannica
1027:The lives of the Popes.
983:Kelly, J.N.D.. (1996).
354:between 1441 and 1445.
6569:Catholicism portal
6380:Second Vatican Council
6266:Our Lady of La Salette
6073:Protestant Reformation
6060:Protestant Reformation
5979:Second Council of Lyon
5368:Ecclesiastical history
5220:Catholic Charities USA
4854:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4842:Vatican Polyglot Press
3892:Mariology of the popes
3530:Protestant Reformation
3211:Catholic Church Portal
3071:Conflicts with the HRE
1451:Catholic Church titles
1375:. InterVarsity Press.
1373:The blessing of Africa
688:, defeated him at the
672:, King of the Romans.
539:
513:Malatesta IV Malatesta
451:Antipope Benedict XIII
375:San Giorgio in Velabro
306:, was the head of the
291:
283:
6600:People from Genazzano
6276:First Vatican Council
5974:First Council of Lyon
5738:Constantine the Great
5434:Christian monasticism
4974:Good Shepherd Sisters
4816:Holy See Press Office
4054:Doctors of the Church
3887:Immaculate Conception
3842:Anointing of the Sick
3377:History of the papacy
2987:History of the papacy
749:University of Louvain
533:
363:apostolic protonotary
330:, the son of Agapito
164:January/February 1369
6453:Sexual abuse scandal
6362:Mit brennender Sorge
6205:Age of Enlightenment
5984:Bernard of Clairvaux
5861:Byzantine Iconoclasm
5800:Council of Chalcedon
5580:Council of Jerusalem
5449:Role in civilization
5429:Religious institutes
5361:By country or region
4847:L'Osservatore Romano
4785:Role in civilisation
4511:Croatian and Serbian
4259:Episcopal conference
4221:St. Peter's Basilica
3579:Sexual abuse scandal
3535:Catholic Reformation
3149:Revolutionary Papacy
3143:Age of Enlightenment
1353:. DIANE Publishing.
1255:. New York: Longman.
1030:London: 1888, s. 212
856:and, from 1424, the
854:Santa Maria Maggiore
626:Jan Žižka of Trocnov
536:Ulrich of Richenthal
418:Council of Constance
390:Antipope Alexander V
6281:Papal infallibility
6271:Our Lady of Lourdes
6220:Shimabara Rebellion
6064:Counter-Reformation
5182:Neocatechumenal Way
5147:Charismatic Renewal
4861:Annuario Pontificio
4459:Particular churches
4135:Ecumenical councils
3907:Perpetual virginity
3742:Communitas perfecta
3686:Sermon on the Mount
2996:Antiquity and Early
2800:17th–21st centuries
2514:13th–16th centuries
1293:, p. 100 fn 8.
1171:Jewish Encyclopedia
937:Christianity portal
811:Position on slavery
595:burned at the stake
559:separate concordats
443:Antipope John XXIII
359:University of Pavia
346:, while his sister
6655:15th-century popes
6645:Renaissance Papacy
6326:Our Lady of Fátima
6115:Ignatius of Loyola
6039:Catherine of Siena
6007:Pope Boniface VIII
5826:Benedict of Nursia
5795:Council of Ephesus
5632:Ante-Nicene period
5585:Split with Judaism
5419:Crusading movement
5019:Premonstratensians
3402:Ante-Nicene period
3280:Lists of Catholics
3131:Reformation Papacy
3125:Renaissance Papacy
3067:(1012–1044 / 1048)
3020:Ostrogothic Papacy
2113:9th–12th centuries
1022:Bartolomeo Platina
690:Battle of L'Aquila
618:King Wenceslaus IV
540:
477:Braccio da Montone
188:Rome, Papal States
6577:
6576:
6537:COVID-19 pandemic
6515:Pope Benedict XVI
6420:Pope John Paul II
6195:Pope Benedict XIV
6181:French Revolution
6165:Thirty Years' War
6155:Robert Bellarmine
6140:John of the Cross
6044:Pope Alexander VI
6029:Council of Vienne
5959:Francis of Assisi
5949:Pope Innocent III
5818:Early Middle Ages
5812:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5750:Arian controversy
5703:
5702:
5651:Apostolic Fathers
5302:
5301:
4712:
4711:
4105:
3928:
3927:
3620:
3597:
3596:
3589:COVID-19 pandemic
3559:French Revolution
3549:Thirty Years' War
3457:Islamic conquests
3370:Apostolic fathers
3305:
3220:
3219:
3184:
3183:
3076:Wandering Papacy
3039:Saeculum obscurum
3012:Under Constantine
1817:5th–8th centuries
1611:1st–4th centuries
1595:papal resignation
1500:
1499:
1491:Succeeded by
1478:
1471:
1464:
1439:978-0-275-95428-4
1420:978-0-85255-798-3
1401:978-0-19-505639-6
1382:978-0-8308-2762-6
1360:978-0-87169-127-9
1303:Housley, Norman.
1156:Pope Calixtus III
1118:www.newadvent.org
790:Emperor Sigismund
700:Annuity contracts
563:Holy Roman Empire
544:Joan II of Naples
497:Giorgio Ordelaffi
379:Pope Innocent VII
340:Prince of Salerno
310:and ruler of the
273:
272:
211:
210:
186:(aged 61–62)
6672:
6567:
6566:
6555:
6554:
6553:
6532:Patriarch Kirill
6405:Pope John Paul I
6210:Anti-clericalism
6190:Pope Innocent XI
6110:Society of Jesus
6095:Council of Trent
6049:Age of Discovery
5994:Late Middle Ages
5896:High Middle Ages
5886:East–West Schism
5770:Pope Sylvester I
5716:
5715:
5705:
5704:
5615:General epistles
5610:Pauline epistles
5543:John the Baptist
5526:Great Commission
5488:
5487:
5439:Catholic culture
5329:
5322:
5315:
5306:
5305:
5292:
5291:
5282:
5281:
5024:Redemptoristines
4872:Religious orders
4798:Anti-Catholicism
4748:Church buildings
4608:Catholic liturgy
4348:Consecrated life
4206:Apostolic Palace
4173:Synod of Bishops
4109:
4108:
4085:
3691:Ten Commandments
3624:
3623:
3606:
3507:Age of Discovery
3341:Great Commission
3309:
3308:
3293:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3224:
3223:
3208:
3196:
3195:
3116:Early Modern and
3026:Byzantine Papacy
2992:
2991:
1526:
1519:
1512:
1503:
1502:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1457:Preceded by
1447:
1446:
1443:
1424:
1405:
1386:
1364:
1345:
1337:
1335:"Martin V"
1316:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1263:
1257:
1256:
1244:
1238:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1207:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1165:
1159:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1122:
1121:
1110:
1099:
1092:
1081:
1080:
1069:
1050:
1049:
1042:
1033:
1009:
1003:
1002:
996:
988:
980:
953:
948:
947:
946:
939:
934:
933:
925:
923:Biography portal
920:
919:
918:
843:
839:
784:Position on Jews
737:Council of Basel
729:Council of Siena
686:Francesco Sforza
505:Ludovico Alidosi
455:St. Martin's Day
447:Pope Gregory XII
352:Lady of Piombino
266:Posthumous style
233:
223:
218:
213:
212:
200:
185:
182:20 February 1431
152:Personal details
139:Created cardinal
129:14 November 1417
121:13 November 1417
88:20 February 1431
80:14 November 1417
72:11 November 1417
48:
21:
20:
6680:
6679:
6675:
6674:
6673:
6671:
6670:
6669:
6580:
6579:
6578:
6573:
6561:
6551:
6549:
6541:
6463:World Youth Day
6441:
6430:World Youth Day
6374:Pacem in terris
6368:Pope John XXIII
6307:
6234:
6225:Edict of Nantes
6183:
6179:
6169:
6135:Teresa of Ávila
6130:Tridentine Mass
6066:
6062:
6053:
6034:Knights Templar
5988:
5890:
5846:Gregorian chant
5804:
5730:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5711:
5699:
5626:
5495:
5483:
5475:
5342:
5340:Catholic Church
5333:
5303:
5298:
5276:
5268:
5247:
5230:Relief Services
5196:
5142:Catholic Action
5132:Military orders
5069:Confraternities
5061:of the faithful
5060:
5053:
4875:
4866:
4802:
4708:
4602:
4461:
4453:
4386:Prior, Prioress
4342:
4235:
4231:Vatican Museums
4182:
4115:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4089:
4084:
4078:
4003:
3957:Social teaching
3924:
3863:
3808:
3763:One true church
3727:
3704:Sixtine Vulgate
3700:Official Bible
3614:
3610:
3605:
3593:
3511:
3443:
3388:
3358:Petrine primacy
3301:
3297:
3292:
3284:
3256:
3254:Catholic Church
3251:
3221:
3216:
3180:
3163:(1929–present)
3117:
3111:
3065:Tusculan Papacy
3057:
3051:
3032:Frankish Papacy
2997:
2981:
2795:
2509:
2108:
1812:
1606:
1539:
1537:Catholic Church
1530:
1496:
1487:
1479:
1472:
1465:
1440:
1421:
1402:
1383:
1361:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1301:
1297:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1264:
1260:
1245:
1241:
1233:
1229:
1222:
1208:
1204:
1196:
1192:
1184:
1180:
1169:""Popes, The",
1167:
1166:
1162:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1132:
1125:
1112:
1111:
1102:
1094:Ott, Michael. "
1093:
1084:
1077:www.treccani.it
1071:
1070:
1053:
1044:
1043:
1036:
1010:
1006:
990:
989:
981:
977:
972:
949:
944:
942:
935:
928:
921:
916:
914:
911:
890:
862:Palazzo Colonna
850:
841:
837:
813:
786:
781:
765:
745:
711:
702:
682:Giacomo Caldora
678:
654:
607:Jan of Jesenice
583:
470:Muzio Attendolo
441:After deposing
439:
434:
386:Council of Pisa
371:Cardinal-Deacon
324:
308:Catholic Church
258:Religious style
239:Reference style
221:
219:
217:Papal styles of
216:
187:
183:
174:
165:
163:
162:
143:
130:
63:Catholic Church
54:
32:
29:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6678:
6668:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6640:Colonna family
6637:
6635:Western Schism
6632:
6627:
6622:
6617:
6612:
6607:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6571:
6559:
6546:
6543:
6542:
6540:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6522:
6517:
6512:
6511:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6460:
6455:
6449:
6447:
6443:
6442:
6440:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6427:
6422:
6417:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6392:
6387:
6382:
6377:
6370:
6365:
6358:
6353:
6351:Lateran Treaty
6348:
6343:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6317:
6315:
6309:
6308:
6306:
6305:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6242:
6240:
6236:
6235:
6233:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6186:
6184:
6176:Baroque period
6174:
6171:
6170:
6168:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6145:Peter Canisius
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6120:Francis Xavier
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6087:
6084:Exsurge Domine
6080:
6075:
6069:
6067:
6058:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6051:
6046:
6041:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6024:Pope Clement V
6021:
6020:
6019:
6017:Avignon Papacy
6012:Western Schism
6009:
6004:
6002:Thomas Aquinas
5998:
5996:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5951:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5916:
5911:
5906:
5900:
5898:
5892:
5891:
5889:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5856:Saint Boniface
5853:
5848:
5843:
5841:Pope Gregory I
5838:
5833:
5828:
5822:
5820:
5814:
5813:
5810:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5780:Biblical canon
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5747:
5746:
5745:
5734:
5732:
5713:
5709:Late antiquity
5701:
5700:
5698:
5697:
5692:
5687:
5682:
5677:
5676:
5675:
5670:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5656:Pope Clement I
5646:Church Fathers
5643:
5637:
5635:
5628:
5627:
5625:
5624:
5623:
5622:
5617:
5612:
5607:
5602:
5597:
5587:
5582:
5577:
5572:
5571:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5545:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5529:
5528:
5523:
5518:
5513:
5502:
5500:
5485:
5477:
5476:
5474:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5415:
5414:
5409:
5407:Biblical canon
5402:Catholic Bible
5399:
5398:
5397:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5364:
5363:
5352:
5350:
5344:
5343:
5332:
5331:
5324:
5317:
5309:
5300:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5286:
5273:
5270:
5269:
5267:
5266:
5261:
5256:
5251:
5248:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5212:
5206:
5204:
5198:
5197:
5195:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5179:
5177:Legion of Mary
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5125:
5115:
5114:
5113:
5106:Lay Carmelites
5103:
5093:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5076:
5065:
5063:
5055:
5054:
5052:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4954:Conceptionists
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4896:
4891:
4889:Assumptionists
4885:
4883:
4868:
4867:
4865:
4864:
4857:
4850:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4818:
4812:
4810:
4804:
4803:
4801:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4756:
4755:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4734:
4733:
4722:
4720:
4714:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4706:
4705:
4704:
4703:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4677:
4672:
4667:
4657:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4653:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4612:
4610:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4598:
4593:
4591:Syro-Malankara
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4568:
4563:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4541:Italo-Albanian
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4473:
4467:
4465:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4429:
4424:
4423:
4422:
4412:
4411:
4410:
4405:
4395:
4390:
4389:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4359:
4352:
4350:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4324:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4268:
4267:
4266:
4261:
4250:
4248:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4211:Lateran Treaty
4208:
4203:
4198:
4192:
4190:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4175:
4170:
4169:
4168:
4158:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4137:
4132:
4123:
4121:
4106:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4076:
4071:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4036:
4031:
4030:
4029:
4024:
4013:
4011:
4005:
4004:
4002:
4001:
4000:
3999:
3994:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3972:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3947:Moral theology
3944:
3938:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3925:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3850:
3849:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3818:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3801:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3777:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3765:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3737:
3735:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3720:
3719:
3718:
3711:
3706:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3630:
3628:
3621:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3591:
3586:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3545:
3544:
3543:
3542:
3532:
3521:
3519:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3462:Pope Gregory I
3459:
3453:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3436:
3434:Biblical canon
3431:
3429:Late antiquity
3426:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3409:
3404:
3398:
3396:
3390:
3389:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3384:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3365:Church fathers
3362:
3361:
3360:
3355:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3317:
3315:
3306:
3299:Ecclesiastical
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3227:
3218:
3217:
3215:
3214:
3202:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3182:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3170:
3158:
3155:Roman Question
3152:
3146:
3145:(c. 1640–1740)
3140:
3137:Baroque Papacy
3134:
3128:
3121:
3119:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3109:
3106:Western Schism
3103:
3100:Avignon Papacy
3097:
3096:
3095:
3089:
3083:
3074:
3068:
3061:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3046:Crescentii era
3043:
3035:
3029:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3002:
3000:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2852:Alexander VIII
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2683:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2235:Anastasius III
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1567:
1562:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1544:
1541:
1540:
1529:
1528:
1521:
1514:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1492:
1489:
1480:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1445:
1444:
1438:
1425:
1419:
1406:
1400:
1387:
1381:
1368:
1359:
1346:
1332:, ed. (1911).
1330:Chisholm, Hugh
1324:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1295:
1283:
1277:978-0802828897
1276:
1258:
1239:
1227:
1221:978-0859920155
1220:
1202:
1190:
1188:, p. 100.
1178:
1160:
1147:
1138:
1136:, p. 197.
1123:
1100:
1082:
1051:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1018:
1004:
974:
973:
971:
968:
967:
966:
961:
955:
954:
951:History portal
940:
926:
910:
907:
889:
886:
849:
846:
818:Pope Eugene IV
812:
809:
785:
782:
780:
779:Personal views
777:
764:
761:
744:
741:
710:
707:
701:
698:
677:
674:
653:
650:
582:
579:
449:(1406–15) and
438:
435:
433:
430:
323:
320:
316:Western Schism
271:
270:
267:
263:
262:
259:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
241:
235:
234:
226:
225:
209:
208:
202:
201:
194:
190:
189:
180:
176:
175:
166:
161:Oddone Colonna
160:
158:
154:
153:
149:
148:
140:
136:
135:
127:
123:
122:
119:
115:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
86:
82:
81:
78:
74:
73:
70:
66:
65:
60:
56:
55:
49:
41:
40:
38:Bishop of Rome
34:
33:
30:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6677:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6631:
6628:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6616:
6613:
6611:
6610:Italian popes
6608:
6606:
6603:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6585:
6570:
6565:
6560:
6558:
6548:
6547:
6544:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6527:
6523:
6521:
6518:
6516:
6513:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6450:
6448:
6444:
6436:
6433:
6432:
6431:
6428:
6426:
6423:
6421:
6418:
6416:
6413:
6411:
6410:Mother Teresa
6408:
6406:
6403:
6400:
6396:
6393:
6391:
6388:
6386:
6383:
6381:
6378:
6376:
6375:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6359:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6336:Pope Pius XII
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6318:
6316:
6314:
6310:
6304:
6303:
6302:Rerum novarum
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6286:Pope Leo XIII
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6256:United States
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6246:Pope Pius VII
6244:
6243:
6241:
6237:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6187:
6185:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6088:
6086:
6085:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6061:
6056:
6050:
6047:
6045:
6042:
6040:
6037:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6022:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5999:
5997:
5995:
5991:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:
5952:
5950:
5947:
5945:
5942:
5940:
5937:
5935:
5932:
5930:
5929:Scholasticism
5927:
5925:
5922:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5912:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5904:Pope Urban II
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5893:
5887:
5884:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5847:
5844:
5842:
5839:
5837:
5834:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5823:
5821:
5819:
5815:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5744:
5741:
5740:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5729:
5721:
5717:
5714:
5710:
5706:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5686:
5683:
5681:
5680:Justin Martyr
5678:
5674:
5671:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5649:
5648:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5633:
5629:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5592:
5591:
5590:New Testament
5588:
5586:
5583:
5581:
5578:
5576:
5573:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5553:Commissioning
5551:
5550:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5527:
5524:
5522:
5519:
5517:
5514:
5512:
5509:
5508:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5501:
5498:
5497:Apostolic Age
5493:
5489:
5486:
5482:
5478:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5403:
5400:
5396:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5388:
5384:
5383:Papal primacy
5381:
5380:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5362:
5359:
5358:
5357:
5354:
5353:
5351:
5349:
5345:
5341:
5337:
5330:
5325:
5323:
5318:
5316:
5311:
5310:
5307:
5295:
5287:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5274:
5271:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5249:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5225:Home Missions
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5124:
5121:
5120:
5119:
5118:Saint Francis
5116:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5107:
5104:
5102:
5101:Saint Dominic
5099:
5098:
5097:
5094:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5064:
5062:
5056:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4914:Bethlehemites
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4886:
4884:
4882:
4878:
4873:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4858:
4856:
4855:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4844:
4841:
4837:
4836:Vatican Radio
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4823:
4822:
4821:Vatican Media
4819:
4817:
4814:
4813:
4811:
4809:
4805:
4799:
4796:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4754:
4751:
4750:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4678:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4662:
4661:
4658:
4652:
4649:
4648:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4611:
4609:
4605:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4456:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4421:
4418:
4417:
4416:
4413:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4400:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4349:
4345:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4273:
4272:
4269:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4145:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4118:List of popes
4114:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4081:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4035:
4032:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4019:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4010:
4006:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3988:
3985:
3981:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3921:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3908:
3905:
3903:
3902:Mother of God
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3811:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3799:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3787:People of God
3785:
3783:
3782:
3778:
3776:
3775:Infallibility
3773:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3760:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3716:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3701:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3672:
3669:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3657:
3654:
3652:
3651:Body and soul
3649:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3613:
3609:
3604:
3600:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3582:
3580:
3577:
3575:
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3554:Enlightenment
3552:
3550:
3547:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3525:Protestantism
3523:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3502:Scholasticism
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3487:Schism (1378)
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3472:Schism (1054)
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3446:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3391:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3346:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3243:
3241:
3236:
3234:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3191:
3190:
3187:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3135:
3132:
3129:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3114:
3107:
3104:
3101:
3098:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3084:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3072:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3056:High and Late
3054:
3047:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3024:
3021:
3018:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2999:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2872:Benedict XIII
2870:
2868:
2867:Innocent XIII
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2832:Alexander VII
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2798:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Innocent VIII
2699:
2697:
2694:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2681:Callixtus III
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2601:Boniface VIII
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2500:Celestine III
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2475:Alexander III
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2465:Anastasius IV
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2386:
2383:
2381:
2378:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2365:Sylvester III
2363:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2350:Benedict VIII
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1874:Anastasius II
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1591:
1590:Pope emeritus
1588:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1548:List of popes
1546:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1522:
1520:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1507:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1485:
1475:
1468:
1467:Benedict XIII
1461:
1455:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1416:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1356:
1352:
1347:
1343:
1342:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1315:
1314:9780198208112
1311:
1308:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1291:Davidson 1961
1287:
1279:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1254:
1248:
1243:
1237:, p. 41.
1236:
1235:Davidson 1961
1231:
1223:
1217:
1213:
1206:
1200:, p. 46.
1199:
1194:
1187:
1182:
1174:
1172:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1142:
1135:
1130:
1128:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1097:
1096:Pope Martin V
1091:
1089:
1087:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1019:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1000:
994:
986:
979:
975:
965:
964:List of popes
962:
960:
957:
956:
952:
941:
938:
932:
927:
924:
913:
906:
904:
900:
896:
885:
884:and others).
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
845:
834:
832:
827:
823:
822:anathematized
819:
808:
806:
805:Benedict XIII
803:
799:
795:
791:
776:
774:
770:
760:
758:
754:
750:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
723:and later at
722:
718:
717:
706:
697:
693:
691:
687:
683:
673:
671:
667:
661:
659:
649:
647:
643:
639:
634:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
578:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
555:
551:
549:
545:
537:
532:
528:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:
471:
467:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
367:Pope Urban VI
364:
360:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
276:Pope Martin V
268:
264:
260:
256:
253:Your Holiness
252:
248:
245:
242:
240:
236:
232:
227:
224:
222:Pope Martin V
214:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
181:
177:
173:
169:
159:
155:
150:
147:
141:
137:
134:
128:
124:
120:
116:
111:
108:
105:
101:
98:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
53:
47:
42:
39:
35:
27:
22:
19:
6524:
6520:Pope Francis
6446:21st century
6395:Pope Paul VI
6372:
6360:
6313:20th century
6300:
6251:Pope Pius IX
6239:19th century
6215:Pope Pius VI
6082:
5954:Latin Empire
5924:Universities
5876:Pope Leo III
5743:Christianity
5728:state church
5720:Great Church
5521:Resurrection
5484:(30–325/476)
5481:Early Church
5466:Latin Church
5461:Papal States
5456:Vatican City
5264:Universities
5096:Third orders
5059:Associations
5049:Visitandines
5044:Trinitarians
4994:Mercedarians
4979:Hieronymites
4924:Camaldoleses
4909:Benedictines
4899:Augustinians
4859:
4852:
4845:
4826:Vatican News
4780:Distinctions
4586:Syro-Malabar
4471:Latin Church
4393:Grand master
4291:Metropolitan
4188:Vatican City
4083:Organisation
3962:Philosophers
3827:Confirmation
3804:In canon law
3798:Subsistit in
3796:
3792:Three states
3779:
3740:
3733:Ecclesiology
3715:Nova Vulgata
3713:
3671:Original sin
3666:Nicene Creed
3656:Divine grace
3615:
3497:Universities
3467:Papal States
3394:Great Church
3336:Resurrection
3313:Early Church
3209:
3197:
3167:World War II
3161:Vatican City
3037:
3008:(until 493)
2972:Benedict XVI
2967:John Paul II
2887:Clement XIII
2882:Benedict XIV
2857:Innocent XII
2791:Clement VIII
2766:Gregory XIII
2746:Marcellus II
2706:Alexander VI
2665:
2656:Innocent VII
2621:Benedict XII
2576:Nicholas III
2541:Alexander IV
2531:Celestine IV
2521:Honorius III
2505:Innocent III
2490:Gregory VIII
2450:Celestine II
2435:Callixtus II
2405:Alexander II
2330:Sylvester II
2310:Benedict VII
2270:Stephen VIII
2155:Benedict III
2009:Adeodatus II
1954:Boniface III
1808:Anastasius I
1482:
1429:
1410:
1391:
1372:
1350:
1339:
1304:
1298:
1286:
1267:
1261:
1252:
1242:
1230:
1211:
1205:
1193:
1181:
1170:
1163:
1154:Affirmed by
1150:
1141:
1117:
1076:
1025:
1007:
984:
978:
891:
851:
835:
814:
787:
766:
746:
714:
712:
703:
694:
679:
662:
655:
635:
622:Jan Želivský
615:
584:
581:Hussite Wars
556:
552:
541:
472:against the
463:
440:
422:Schaffhausen
383:
361:. He became
356:
342:and Duke of
325:
312:Papal States
303:
299:
295:
275:
274:
250:Spoken style
244:His Holiness
220:
193:Coat of arms
184:(1431-02-20)
172:Papal States
146:Innocent VII
142:12 June 1405
126:Consecration
85:Papacy ended
77:Papacy began
18:
6595:1431 deaths
6590:1369 births
6526:Laudato si'
6321:Pope Pius X
6150:Philip Neri
6125:Pope Pius V
6100:Thomas More
5969:Inquisition
5871:Charlemagne
5831:Monasticism
5641:Persecution
5533:Holy Spirit
5516:Crucifixion
5395:First seven
5254:Health care
5240:Pax Christi
5192:Schoenstatt
5157:Sant'Egidio
4989:Legionaries
4969:Franciscans
4944:Cistercians
4939:Carthusians
4894:Annonciades
4753:Altarpieces
4646:West Syriac
4641:East Syriac
4621:Alexandrian
4245:Holy orders
4226:Swiss Guard
4166:Dicasteries
4161:Roman Curia
4059:Evangelists
4017:Holy Family
3952:Personalism
3942:Natural law
3920:Josephology
3854:Holy orders
3492:Inquisition
3449:Middle Ages
3439:Monasticism
3407:Constantine
3331:Crucifixion
3175:(1945–1991)
3169:(1939–1945)
3157:(1870–1929)
3151:(1775–1848)
3139:(1585–1689)
3133:(1534–1585)
3127:(1417–1534)
3108:(1378–1417)
3102:(1309–1378)
3094:, 1228–1304
3088:, 1262–1297
3082:, 1257–1281
3073:(1048–1257)
3058:Middle Ages
2998:Middle Ages
2962:John Paul I
2937:Benedict XV
2917:Gregory XVI
2892:Clement XIV
2877:Clement XII
2847:Innocent XI
2786:Innocent IX
2781:Gregory XIV
2731:Clement VII
2661:Gregory XII
2651:Boniface IX
2631:Innocent VI
2606:Benedict XI
2596:Celestine V
2591:Nicholas IV
2586:Honorius IV
2536:Innocent IV
2495:Clement III
2445:Innocent II
2440:Honorius II
2430:Gelasius II
2410:Gregory VII
2400:Nicholas II
2360:Benedict IX
2305:Benedict VI
2280:Agapetus II
2255:Stephen VII
2230:Sergius III
2220:Benedict IV
2210:Theodore II
2195:Boniface VI
2094:Stephen III
2074:Gregory III
2064:Constantine
2029:Benedict II
1964:Adeodatus I
1959:Boniface IV
1939:Pelagius II
1899:Boniface II
1839:Celestine I
1778:Sylvester I
1763:Marcellus I
1758:Marcellinus
1693:Callixtus I
1678:Eleutherius
1653:Telesphorus
1643:Alexander I
1565:Papal names
1460:Gregory XII
1247:Semmes 1996
1198:Setton 1978
1134:Burton 2007
658:slave trade
474:condottiero
414:Gregory XII
261:Holy Father
97:Gregory XII
93:Predecessor
6584:Categories
6399:coronation
6105:Pope Leo X
5690:Tertullian
5620:Revelation
5595:Background
5009:Oratorians
4964:Dominicans
4934:Carmelites
4929:Camillians
4877:institutes
4690:Tridentine
4626:Antiochian
4546:Macedonian
4491:Belarusian
4381:Provincial
4296:Archbishop
4216:Roman Rota
4178:Properties
4103:By country
4099:Precedence
4064:Confessors
4044:Archangels
4034:Patriarchs
3934:Philosophy
3912:Veneration
3877:Assumption
3847:Last rites
3814:Sacraments
3758:Four marks
3569:Vatican II
3517:Modern era
3353:Succession
3118:Modern Era
3048:(974–1012)
2952:John XXIII
2862:Clement XI
2837:Clement IX
2827:Innocent X
2822:Urban VIII
2817:Gregory XV
2741:Julius III
2676:Nicholas V
2641:Gregory XI
2626:Clement VI
2561:Innocent V
2551:Clement IV
2526:Gregory IX
2480:Lucius III
2460:Eugene III
2425:Paschal II
2415:Victor III
2395:Stephen IX
2380:Damasus II
2375:Clement II
2370:Gregory VI
2345:Sergius IV
2340:John XVIII
2290:Benedict V
2275:Marinus II
2200:Stephen VI
2180:Adrian III
2160:Nicholas I
2145:Sergius II
2140:Gregory IV
2120:Stephen IV
2084:Stephen II
2069:Gregory II
1989:Theodore I
1974:Honorius I
1969:Boniface V
1934:Benedict I
1924:Pelagius I
1909:Agapetus I
1869:Gelasius I
1859:Simplicius
1844:Sixtus III
1834:Boniface I
1824:Innocent I
1688:Zephyrinus
1602:Pope-elect
1578:non-extant
1474:John XXIII
1323:References
1186:Davis 1988
903:Marinus II
848:Residences
394:John XXIII
284:Martinus V
118:Ordination
6415:Communism
6385:Ecumenism
5731:(380–451)
5723:(180–451)
5712:(313–476)
5634:(100–325)
5250:See also:
5202:Charities
5111:Discalced
5039:Trappists
5034:Theatines
5004:Olivetans
4949:Clarisses
4919:Blue nuns
4904:Basilians
4881:societies
4789:See also:
4675:Mozarabic
4665:Ambrosian
4651:Malankara
4636:Byzantine
4596:Ukrainian
4571:Ruthenian
4536:Hungarian
4521:Ethiopian
4496:Bulgarian
4463:sui iuris
4447:Postulant
4356:Religious
4311:Auxiliary
4306:Coadjutor
4276:Patriarch
4144:Cardinals
4091:Canon law
4087:Hierarchy
4069:Disciples
3992:Relations
3980:Evolution
3971:See also:
3916:See also:
3869:Mariology
3859:Matrimony
3832:Eucharist
3753:Ecumenism
3681:Salvation
3617:Catechism
3612:Tradition
3574:Communism
3422:Chalcedon
3042:(904–964)
3034:(756–857)
3028:(537–752)
3022:(493–537)
3014:(312–337)
2912:Pius VIII
2842:Clement X
2776:Urban VII
2726:Adrian VI
2716:Julius II
2696:Sixtus IV
2671:Eugene IV
2616:John XXII
2611:Clement V
2581:Martin IV
2556:Gregory X
2485:Urban III
2470:Adrian IV
2455:Lucius II
2390:Victor II
2335:John XVII
2325:Gregory V
2300:John XIII
2185:Stephen V
2175:Marinus I
2170:John VIII
2165:Adrian II
2135:Valentine
2130:Eugene II
2125:Paschal I
2059:Sisinnius
2044:Sergius I
1979:Severinus
1944:Gregory I
1914:Silverius
1884:Hormisdas
1879:Symmachus
1864:Felix III
1798:Damasus I
1773:Miltiades
1748:Eutychian
1738:Dionysius
1733:Sixtus II
1728:Stephen I
1718:Cornelius
1638:Evaristus
1633:Clement I
1628:Anacletus
1558:canonised
1553:graphical
1494:Eugene IV
1470:(Avignon)
993:cite book
987:. Oxford.
899:Marinus I
895:Martin IV
888:Numbering
882:Gallicano
860:near the
733:prorogued
670:Sigismund
666:Manuel II
548:Benevento
459:cardinals
426:Constance
381:in 1405.
328:Genazzano
322:Biography
292:Martino V
168:Genazzano
107:Eugene IV
103:Successor
52:Pisanello
6425:HIV/AIDS
5919:Crusades
5673:Irenaeus
5666:Ignatius
5661:Polycarp
5511:Ministry
5499:(30–100)
5373:Timeline
5294:Category
5187:Opus Dei
5172:Scouting
5162:Focolare
5029:Servites
5014:Piarists
4959:Crosiers
4695:Anglican
4631:Armenian
4561:Romanian
4551:Maronite
4526:Georgian
4516:Eritrean
4501:Chaldean
4486:Armenian
4481:Albanian
4362:Superior
4321:Emeritus
4301:Diocesan
4154:Advisers
4113:Holy See
4039:Prophets
3997:Politics
3768:Catholic
3748:Councils
3603:Theology
3482:Crusades
3417:Nicaea I
3348:Apostles
3326:Ministry
3295:Timeline
3275:Glossary
3199:Category
3173:Cold War
2947:Pius XII
2927:Leo XIII
2902:Pius VII
2771:Sixtus V
2736:Paul III
2711:Pius III
2666:Martin V
2646:Urban VI
2571:John XXI
2566:Adrian V
2546:Urban IV
2420:Urban II
2355:John XIX
2315:John XIV
2295:Leo VIII
2285:John XII
2190:Formosus
2099:Adrian I
2054:John VII
2004:Vitalian
1999:Eugene I
1994:Martin I
1949:Sabinian
1929:John III
1919:Vigilius
1894:Felix IV
1854:Hilarius
1803:Siricius
1793:Liberius
1788:Julius I
1768:Eusebius
1723:Lucius I
1683:Victor I
1668:Anicetus
1648:Sixtus I
1585:Antipope
909:See also
874:Vicovaro
802:Antipope
716:Frequens
652:Crusades
646:Wycliffe
642:Lollards
630:Hussites
616:In 1419
611:Beghards
585:By 1415
491:and the
466:Florence
437:Election
131:by
31:Martin V
6390:Judaism
5790:Vulgate
5600:Gospels
5575:Stephen
5492:Origins
5412:Vulgate
5348:General
5338:of the
5336:History
5259:Schools
5215:Caritas
5123:Secular
5089:Workers
4984:Jesuits
4770:Museums
4765:Library
4743:Writers
4738:Artists
4718:Culture
4685:Paul VI
4566:Russian
4556:Melkite
4398:Brother
4376:General
4316:Titular
4286:Primate
4264:Eparchy
4254:Diocese
4201:Outline
4140:College
4130:Francis
4074:Virgins
4049:Martyrs
3975:Science
3882:History
3837:Penance
3822:Baptism
3723:Worship
3696:Vulgate
3644:Kingdom
3639:Trinity
3627:General
3382:Primacy
3290:History
3270:Outline
3092:Perugia
3086:Orvieto
3080:Viterbo
2977:Francis
2957:Paul VI
2942:Pius XI
2922:Pius IX
2907:Leo XII
2897:Pius VI
2756:Pius IV
2751:Paul IV
2691:Paul II
2686:Pius II
2636:Urban V
2320:John XV
2265:Leo VII
2260:John XI
2215:John IX
2205:Romanus
2104:Leo III
2079:Zachary
2049:John VI
1984:John IV
1904:John II
1829:Zosimus
1743:Felix I
1708:Anterus
1703:Pontian
1698:Urban I
1658:Hyginus
1535:of the
1477:(Pisan)
1463:(Roman)
1249:citing
1173:, 1906"
757:Belgium
599:heretic
591:Jan Hus
587:Bohemia
567:England
525:Spoleto
489:Romagna
485:Bologna
406:Perugia
402:Orvieto
332:Colonna
304:Colonna
288:Italian
69:Elected
6356:Nazism
6178:to the
5785:Jerome
5695:Origen
5378:Papacy
5137:Fimcap
5079:Marian
4999:Minims
4731:Marian
4581:Syriac
4576:Slovak
4506:Coptic
4442:Oblate
4437:Master
4432:Novice
4427:Hermit
4415:Sister
4371:Abbess
4338:Deacon
4333:Priest
4328:Parish
4271:Bishop
4241:Polity
4027:Joseph
4009:Saints
3676:Saints
3564:Nazism
2932:Pius X
2812:Paul V
2807:Leo XI
2761:Pius V
2385:Leo IX
2250:Leo VI
2245:John X
2150:Leo IV
2089:Paul I
2034:John V
2024:Leo II
2019:Agatho
1889:John I
1713:Fabian
1663:Pius I
1573:extant
1569:Tombs
1436:
1417:
1398:
1379:
1366:Review
1357:
1312:
1274:
1218:
878:Marino
870:Tivoli
866:Latium
842:
838:
769:stroke
753:Leuven
727:(the "
571:France
519:, and
517:Rimini
493:Marche
481:Umbria
432:Papacy
410:Umbria
365:under
344:Venosa
300:Oddone
113:Orders
59:Church
6605:Popes
6458:Islam
5726:Roman
5685:Canon
5558:Peter
5506:Jesus
5235:CIDSE
5084:Youth
4808:Media
4775:Music
4700:Zaire
4680:Roman
4670:Braga
4660:Latin
4531:Greek
4403:Friar
4367:Abbot
4281:Major
4196:Index
4095:Laity
3661:Dogma
3608:Bible
3584:Islam
3540:Trent
3321:Jesus
3303:Legal
3265:Index
2721:Leo X
2240:Lando
2225:Leo V
2039:Conon
2014:Donus
1849:Leo I
1753:Caius
1673:Soter
1623:Linus
1618:Peter
1533:Popes
970:Notes
826:Caffa
798:Forlì
763:Death
725:Siena
721:Pavia
597:as a
575:Spain
509:Imola
501:Forlì
348:Paola
280:Latin
6508:2023
6503:2019
6498:2016
6493:2013
6488:2011
6483:2008
6478:2005
6473:2002
6468:2000
6435:1995
5605:Acts
5568:Paul
5563:John
5538:Mary
4760:Folk
4408:Monk
4149:List
4127:Pope
4022:Mary
1783:Mark
1484:Pope
1434:ISBN
1415:ISBN
1396:ISBN
1377:ISBN
1355:ISBN
1310:ISBN
1272:ISBN
1216:ISBN
999:link
901:and
794:Jews
684:and
573:and
408:and
398:Todi
350:was
336:Rome
298:(or
296:Otto
269:None
179:Died
157:Born
26:Pope
5494:and
5444:Art
5074:Lay
4726:Art
4420:Nun
4142:of
3634:God
796:in
523:in
515:in
507:in
499:in
377:by
373:of
144:by
6586::
4879:,
4369:,
1338:.
1126:^
1116:.
1103:^
1085:^
1075:.
1054:^
1037:^
995:}}
991:{{
880:,
876:,
872:,
775:.
759:.
660:.
609:.
577:.
569:,
565:,
511:,
503:,
483:,
404:,
400:,
302:)
290::
286:;
282::
170:,
6401:)
6397:(
5328:e
5321:t
5314:v
4874:,
4358::
4247:)
4243:(
4120:)
4116:(
3246:e
3239:t
3232:v
1525:e
1518:t
1511:v
1442:.
1423:.
1404:.
1385:.
1363:.
1280:.
1224:.
1175:.
1120:.
1079:.
1048:.
1001:)
868:(
538:.
278:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
