156:
126:
31:
846:
852:
380:
In household settings, PVDC is used in cleaning cloths, filters, screens, tape, shower curtains, and garden furniture. Industrially, it is used in screens, artificial turf, waste-water treatment materials, and underground materials. PVDC is also used in doll hair, stuffed animals, fabrics, fishnet,
322:
sequences long enough to absorb visible light and change the color of the material from colorless to an undesirable transparent brown (unacceptable for one of polyvinylidene chloride's chief applications: food packaging). Therefore, there is a significant amount of product loss in the manufacturing
262:
The military sprayed Saran on fighter planes to guard against salty sea spray, and carmakers used it for upholstery. Dow later devised a formulation of polyvinylidene chloride free of unpleasant odour and green colour.
317:
agent, the major disadvantage of polyvinylidene chloride is that it will undergo thermally induced dehydrochlorination at temperatures very near to processing temperatures. This degradation easily propagates, leaving
251:
lab as a dishwasher. While cleaning laboratory glassware, he came across a vial he could not scrub clean. Dow researchers made this material into a greasy, dark green film, first called "Eonite" and then
625:
B.A. Howell and S. M. Jane, “Impact of
Moisture on the Thermal Stability of Vinylidene Chloride Copolymers”, Proceedings, 34th Annual Meeting of the North American Thermal Analysis Society, 2006.
628:
R.A. Wessling, D.S. Gibbs P.T. Delassus, B.E. Obi, B.A. Howell, Kirk-Othmer
Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 4th Edition, 1997, Vol 24, pp. 883–923.
1453:
372:
of the food inside the package. It can also impart a high-gloss finish, which may be aesthetically pleasing and also provides a high degree of scuff resistance if applied over print.
1177:
259:
Ralph Wiley went on to become one of Dow
Chemical's research scientists and invent and develop many plastics, chemicals and production machines.
294:, is insoluble in oil and organic solvents, has a very low moisture regain and is impervious to mold, bacteria, and insects. It is soluble in
247:
Ralph Wiley accidentally discovered polyvinylidene chloride polymer in 1933. At the time he was a college student who worked part-time at
557:
1170:
1053:
598:
533:
499:
462:
30:
1512:
1463:
1432:
356:
Polyvinylidene chloride is applied as a water-based coating to films made of other plastics, such as biaxially-oriented
1163:
670:
638:
208:
1155:
695:
643:
1448:
1427:
1324:
1078:
1502:
1422:
364:(PET). This coating increases the barrier properties of the film, reducing the permeability of the film to
121:
1495:
1417:
1233:
830:
134:
760:
735:
286:
It is a remarkable barrier against water, oxygen, and aromas. It has a superior chemical resistance to
1535:
1269:
1068:
893:
710:
700:
622:
B.A. Howell, B.S. Warner, C.V. Rajaram, S.I. Ahemed and Z. Ahmed, Polym. Adv. Technol., 1994, 5, 485.
1339:
1329:
1191:
878:
825:
715:
271:
151:
1554:
929:
805:
785:
1344:
1222:
977:
705:
663:
565:
523:
489:
452:
1524:
1228:
873:
588:
43:
1244:
1239:
1212:
1130:
79:
8:
1374:
1135:
1058:
972:
924:
236:
69:
155:
125:
1389:
1307:
1048:
1022:
992:
952:
934:
883:
835:
815:
17:
1519:
1485:
1405:
1217:
1039:
957:
656:
594:
529:
495:
458:
332:
270:, a plastic food wrap, was introduced. In 2004, however, the formula was changed to
1410:
1105:
1007:
982:
914:
780:
775:
720:
173:
1185:
1274:
1260:
1125:
1012:
1002:
770:
426:
393:
253:
1303:
1115:
1017:
888:
487:
382:
314:
202:
1548:
1490:
1297:
1083:
1073:
1063:
967:
868:
790:
740:
357:
336:
295:
114:
1110:
1100:
962:
909:
810:
755:
730:
248:
1356:
845:
454:
Icons of
Invention: The Makers of the Modern World from Gutenberg to Gates
1293:
1265:
1200:
1120:
919:
800:
795:
340:
232:
1369:
997:
987:
369:
267:
98:
266:
The most well known use of polyvinylidene chloride came in 1953, when
1458:
1364:
1334:
1204:
765:
750:
725:
488:
David John Cole; Eve
Browning; Fred E. H. Schroeder (30 April 2003).
361:
201:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
1379:
619:
B.A. Howell, J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. (ed) 1987, 25, 1681–1695.
274:
due to environmental concerns about its chlorine content and other
851:
331:
Saran fiber is produced in monofilament, multifilament-twist, and
1507:
1384:
1285:
1187:
679:
319:
365:
287:
590:
Plastic
Packaging: Interactions with Food and Pharmaceuticals
139:
745:
648:
586:
291:
302:
323:
process, which increases production and consumer costs.
587:Otto G. Piringer; A. L. Baner (17 September 2008).
483:
481:
1546:
580:
450:
402:(formerly) Saran Wrap and Saranex (Dow Chemical)
525:The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink
521:
478:
381:pyrotechnics, and shoe insoles. It was used in
78:
1171:
664:
494:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 129.
444:
1178:
1164:
671:
657:
491:Encyclopedia of Modern Everyday Inventions
154:
124:
387:
528:. Oxford University Press. p. 492.
515:
593:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 41–.
555:
301:Above 125 °C, it decomposes to produce
150:
1547:
761:Polyethylene terephthalate (PET, PETE)
419:
115:
1159:
701:Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX, XLPE)
696:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
652:
1513:List of environmental health hazards
1433:List of environmental health hazards
368:and flavours and thus extending the
399:Saran TC and Saran LS (Asahi-Kasei)
13:
1318:Miscellaneous additives incl. PHCs
275:
14:
1566:
632:
451:John W. Klooster (30 July 2009).
850:
844:
736:Polybutylene terephthalate (PBT)
711:Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)
308:
29:
716:Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA)
335:forms. It is also available in
205:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
1079:Category:Plastics applications
826:Styrene maleic anhydride (SMA)
821:Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)
806:Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
549:
522:Andrew F. Smith (1 May 2007).
326:
1:
786:Poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO)
412:
281:
1503:Persistent organic pollutant
1464:Toxic Substances Control Act
1423:Persistent organic pollutant
706:Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)
678:
351:
313:While extremely useful as a
7:
1496:Great Pacific garbage patch
1418:Great Pacific garbage patch
831:Styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN)
746:Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)
457:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 466–.
343:(glow in the dark) fibers.
55:Poly(vinylidene dichloride)
10:
1571:
1459:Japan Toxic Substances Law
1254:Miscellaneous plasticizers
391:
383:special photographic film.
362:polyethylene terephthalate
242:
15:
1533:
1478:
1454:European REACH regulation
1449:California Proposition 65
1441:
1398:
1355:
1317:
1284:
1253:
1199:
1192:polyhalogenated compounds
1148:
1093:
1069:High-performance plastics
1038:
1031:
943:
902:
894:High-performance plastics
859:
842:
686:
225:polyvinylidene dichloride
199:
166:
62:
52:
42:
37:
28:
879:Fibre-reinforced plastic
816:Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
431:pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
405:Ixan and Diofan (SolVin)
375:
272:low-density polyethylene
47:Poly(1,1-dichloroethene)
24:Polyvinylidene chloride
16:Not to be confused with
930:Biodegradable additives
346:
221:Polyvinylidene chloride
1345:Perfluorooctanoic acid
781:Polyphenyl ether (PPE)
776:Polyoxymethylene (POM)
721:Polyacrylic acid (PAA)
644:Textile Fibre Database
388:Trademarks (producers)
1525:Biodegradable plastic
874:Thermosetting polymer
771:Polylactic acid (PLA)
427:"Vinylidene Chloride"
339:(color changing) and
1536:Identification codes
1136:Foam food containers
1059:Engineering plastics
1375:Endocrine disruptor
973:Compression molding
925:Polymer stabilizers
562:inventors.about.com
237:vinylidene chloride
25:
1390:Polymer fume fever
1049:Commodity plastics
1023:Rotational molding
993:Fiberglass molding
953:Injection moulding
935:Filler (materials)
884:Corrugated plastic
836:Tritan copolyester
791:Polypropylene (PP)
741:Polycarbonate (PC)
209:Infobox references
23:
18:polyvinyl chloride
1542:
1541:
1520:Plastic recycling
1486:Plastic pollution
1472:
1471:
1406:Plastic pollution
1186:Health issues of
1144:
1143:
1040:Plastics industry
958:Plastic extrusion
811:Polyurethane (PU)
801:Polysulfone (PES)
756:Polyethylene (PE)
731:Polybutylene (PB)
600:978-3-527-62143-9
535:978-0-19-530796-2
501:978-0-313-31345-5
464:978-0-313-34743-6
217:Chemical compound
215:
214:
135:CompTox Dashboard
1562:
1411:Rubber pollution
1261:Organophosphates
1180:
1173:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1036:
1035:
1008:Filament winding
983:Transfer molding
910:Polymer additive
854:
848:
796:Polystyrene (PS)
673:
666:
659:
650:
649:
612:
611:
609:
607:
584:
578:
577:
575:
573:
564:. Archived from
553:
547:
546:
544:
542:
519:
513:
512:
510:
508:
485:
476:
475:
473:
471:
448:
442:
441:
439:
437:
423:
174:Chemical formula
159:
158:
143:
141:
128:
117:
82:
33:
26:
22:
1570:
1569:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1529:
1474:
1473:
1468:
1437:
1394:
1351:
1313:
1280:
1249:
1195:
1184:
1150:
1140:
1089:
1027:
1013:Solvent bonding
1003:Plastic welding
945:
939:
898:
861:
855:
849:
840:
751:Polyester (PEs)
688:
682:
677:
635:
616:
615:
605:
603:
601:
585:
581:
571:
569:
568:on May 24, 2012
554:
550:
540:
538:
536:
520:
516:
506:
504:
502:
486:
479:
469:
467:
465:
449:
445:
435:
433:
425:
424:
420:
415:
396:
394:Saran (plastic)
390:
378:
354:
349:
329:
311:
284:
245:
218:
211:
206:
194:
190:
186:
182:
176:
162:
144:
137:
109:
85:
72:
58:
56:
48:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1568:
1558:
1557:
1555:Thermoplastics
1540:
1539:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1516:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1469:
1467:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1414:
1413:
1402:
1400:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1392:
1387:
1382:
1377:
1372:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1321:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1304:Vinyl chloride
1301:
1298:Polycarbonates
1290:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1272:
1263:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1231:
1226:
1220:
1215:
1209:
1207:
1197:
1196:
1183:
1182:
1175:
1168:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1111:Packaging film
1108:
1103:
1097:
1095:
1094:Specific goods
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1045:
1043:
1033:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1018:Vacuum forming
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
949:
947:
941:
940:
938:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
906:
904:
900:
899:
897:
896:
891:
889:Polymeric foam
886:
881:
876:
871:
865:
863:
857:
856:
843:
841:
839:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
766:Polyimide (PI)
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
726:Polyamide (PA)
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
692:
690:
684:
683:
676:
675:
668:
661:
653:
647:
646:
641:
639:Wiley mini-bio
634:
633:External links
631:
630:
629:
626:
623:
620:
614:
613:
599:
579:
558:"Saran Wrap ®"
548:
534:
514:
500:
477:
463:
443:
417:
416:
414:
411:
410:
409:
406:
403:
400:
392:Main article:
389:
386:
377:
374:
353:
350:
348:
345:
328:
325:
315:food packaging
310:
307:
296:polar solvents
283:
280:
244:
241:
216:
213:
212:
207:
203:standard state
200:
197:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
172:
169:
168:
164:
163:
161:
160:
147:
145:
133:
130:
129:
119:
111:
110:
108:
107:
103:
101:
95:
94:
91:
90:Abbreviations
87:
86:
84:
83:
75:
73:
68:
65:
64:
60:
59:
54:
50:
49:
46:
40:
39:
35:
34:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1567:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:Garbage patch
1489:
1488:
1487:
1484:
1483:
1481:
1477:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1444:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1404:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1386:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1357:Health issues
1354:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1309:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1161:
1158:
1153:
1147:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1131:Shopping bags
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1117:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1086:(Agriculture)
1085:
1084:Plasticulture
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1064:Geosynthetics
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
968:Thermoforming
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
950:
948:
942:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
905:
901:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
869:Thermoplastic
867:
866:
864:
858:
853:
847:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
691:
685:
681:
674:
669:
667:
662:
660:
655:
654:
651:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
627:
624:
621:
618:
617:
602:
596:
592:
591:
583:
567:
563:
559:
556:Mary Bellis.
552:
537:
531:
527:
526:
518:
503:
497:
493:
492:
484:
482:
466:
460:
456:
455:
447:
432:
428:
422:
418:
407:
404:
401:
398:
397:
395:
385:
384:
373:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:polypropylene
344:
342:
338:
337:thermochromic
334:
324:
321:
316:
309:Disadvantages
306:
304:
299:
297:
293:
289:
279:
277:
276:disadvantages
273:
269:
264:
260:
257:
255:
250:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
210:
204:
198:
178:
175:
171:
170:
165:
157:
153:
152:DTXSID3051250
149:
148:
146:
136:
132:
131:
127:
123:
120:
118:
116:ECHA InfoCard
113:
112:
105:
104:
102:
100:
97:
96:
92:
89:
88:
81:
77:
76:
74:
71:
67:
66:
61:
51:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
19:
1201:Plasticizers
1149:Environment
1101:Blister pack
1054:Construction
963:Blow molding
820:
604:. Retrieved
589:
582:
570:. Retrieved
566:the original
561:
551:
539:. Retrieved
524:
517:
505:. Retrieved
490:
468:. Retrieved
453:
446:
434:. Retrieved
430:
421:
379:
355:
333:staple fiber
330:
312:
300:
285:
265:
261:
258:
249:Dow Chemical
246:
228:
224:
220:
219:
63:Identifiers
53:Other names
1442:Regulations
1294:Bisphenol A
978:Calendering
920:Plasticizer
860:Mechanical
360:(BOPP) and
341:luminescent
327:Fiber types
233:homopolymer
167:Properties
122:100.125.127
1370:Carcinogen
1335:Organotins
1205:Phthalates
1151:and health
998:Pultrusion
988:Laminating
946:processing
413:References
370:shelf life
282:Properties
268:Saran Wrap
99:ChemSpider
70:CAS Number
44:IUPAC name
1399:Pollution
1365:Teratogen
1296:(BPA, in
944:Plastics
915:Colorants
903:Additives
687:Chemical
436:28 August
352:Packaging
80:9002-85-1
1549:Category
1380:Diabetes
1286:Monomers
1266:Adipates
1188:plastics
1042:segments
1032:Products
680:Plastics
572:July 12,
408:SK Saran
231:), is a
57:Polydene
1508:Dioxins
1428:Dioxins
1385:Obesity
1126:Cutlery
1116:Bottles
606:12 July
541:12 July
507:12 July
470:12 July
320:polyene
288:alkalis
243:History
195:
1225:(BBzP)
1194:(PHCs)
1106:Chairs
1074:Nurdle
597:
532:
498:
461:
366:oxygen
38:Names
20:(PVC).
1479:Waste
1325:PBDEs
1236:(DOP)
862:types
689:types
376:Other
292:acids
254:Saran
223:, or
93:PVDC
1340:PFCs
1330:PCBs
1306:(in
1270:DEHA
1245:DINP
1240:DIDP
1234:DEHP
1229:DIHP
1213:DIBP
1190:and
1121:Bags
608:2012
595:ISBN
574:2012
543:2012
530:ISBN
509:2012
496:ISBN
472:2012
459:ISBN
438:2019
347:Uses
290:and
229:PVDC
106:none
1308:PVC
1275:DOA
1223:BBP
1218:DBP
303:HCl
256:".
235:of
140:EPA
1551::
1203::
560:.
480:^
429:.
305:.
298:.
278:.
239:.
187:Cl
179:(C
1310:)
1300:)
1277:)
1268:(
1179:e
1172:t
1165:v
672:e
665:t
658:v
610:.
576:.
545:.
511:.
474:.
440:.
252:"
227:(
193:n
191:)
189:2
185:2
183:H
181:2
142:)
138:(
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