33:
55:
647:
1145:
1138:
619:
237:
Features used in identification include the number of pericentral cells, the cortication of main branches, constriction of young branches at their base, whether the branching
1803:
1607:
1418:
942:
387:
produced in the carposporangium when released are non-motile, they settle and grow to form filamentous diploid plants similar to the gametophyte. This diploid plant is the
1859:
1502:
1341:
1110:
1054:
914:
626:
514:
1747:
1698:
1684:
1663:
1544:
1509:
1474:
1362:
1334:
1075:
977:
949:
780:
766:
759:
416:
1845:
1810:
1768:
1726:
1600:
1467:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1103:
1082:
1061:
1040:
1033:
963:
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689:
605:
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507:
472:
1831:
1775:
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1712:
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1593:
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1530:
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1460:
1404:
1390:
1355:
1271:
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1208:
1096:
970:
808:
738:
703:
654:
640:
563:
556:
451:
2301:
1838:
1817:
1740:
1586:
1579:
1551:
1537:
1516:
1488:
1453:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1243:
1222:
1215:
1187:
1068:
935:
900:
843:
801:
794:
745:
724:
682:
584:
542:
458:
444:
430:
423:
41:
1796:
1705:
1642:
1614:
1558:
1523:
1495:
1411:
1397:
1327:
1264:
1257:
1229:
1180:
1173:
1089:
1047:
1019:
956:
871:
822:
717:
668:
661:
577:
570:
528:
486:
437:
409:
1852:
1789:
1761:
1691:
1670:
1628:
1425:
1278:
1194:
1166:
1117:
787:
731:
675:
598:
591:
549:
521:
479:
465:
2411:
1824:
1782:
1754:
1656:
1383:
1299:
1285:
1152:
998:
991:
907:
857:
829:
752:
710:
612:
1886:
Recorded common names are olann dhearg, craonach, cúnach triosgar, cluaisíní, mileara, millreacha, salata tou yialou (σαλάτα του γιαλού) and lobster horns.
1733:
1565:
1159:
1131:
1124:
850:
773:
500:
391:
which when adult produced spores in fours after meiosis. These spores settle and grow to become the male and female plants thus completing the cycle.
2162:
2095:
2044:
2645:
2200:
2177:
2426:
2559:
2293:
2593:
2434:
2619:
2385:
2352:
2138:
2071:
1959:
1916:
2624:
2238:
2554:
238:
2691:
2650:
2496:
242:
371:
migrates and fuses with an auxiliary cell. A complex series of fusions and developments follow as the diploid
2632:
2528:
696:
54:
2533:
200:
and usually well branched, with some plants reaching a length of about 30 cm. They are attached by
2130:
2724:
2696:
2660:
2063:
984:
836:
1908:
The 'Living' Marine
Aquarium Manual Basic And Advanced Husbandry For The 'Modern' Marine Aquarium
1026:
928:
2510:
383:
on the female, it is surrounded by the haploid pericarp of the parent female plant. The diploid
2719:
2458:
2216:
1906:
893:
493:
2438:
2683:
2212:
2002:
1635:
1292:
1201:
1012:
1005:
878:
815:
218:
2673:
2567:
1677:
921:
633:
212:(tissue) consists of fine branched filaments each with a central axial filament supporting
126:
8:
2305:
1250:
316:
310:
2585:
2156:
2089:
2038:
1369:
1348:
205:
49:
2262:
Pedersén, M. E. E.; Roomans, G. M.; Hofsten, A. V. (1981). "Bromine in the
Cuticle of
2668:
2541:
2391:
2381:
2358:
2348:
2279:
2144:
2134:
2077:
2067:
1965:
1955:
1912:
360:
and the female plants (the female gametophytes) produce the carpogonium (the haploid
349:
2546:
2344:
2275:
32:
388:
376:
89:
2637:
345:
216:
cells. The number of these pericentral cells (4–24) is used in identification.
69:
329:
2713:
2481:
2081:
2028:
364:) which remains attached to the parent female plant. After fertilization the
301:
274:
270:
266:
197:
182:
158:
109:
2395:
2148:
2124:
1969:
368:
278:
2520:
2362:
2606:
2490:
361:
353:
337:
262:
213:
177:. Its members are known by a number of common names. It is in the order
2598:
384:
380:
365:
341:
178:
170:
99:
2611:
2580:
2505:
2419:
2247:
2011:
305:
292:
The species are entirely marine, found growing on rock, other algae,
258:
223:
174:
150:
79:
2452:
2475:
2057:
231:
209:
201:
154:
226:
cells with cortical cells growing over the outside on the older
372:
297:
293:
254:
166:
2572:
379:, this is a separate phase of the life-cycle and is entirely
357:
286:
227:
162:
146:
1905:
Goemans, Bob (2012). "12 – Algae: the Good, Bad, and Ugly".
1951:
1945:
282:
2375:
2369:
304:
to at least 27 m depth. Many species are abundant in
2302:
2120:
2118:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1935:
2051:
2000:
2261:
2115:
2029:
Stegenga, H., Bolton,J.J. & Anderson,R.J. (1997).
1932:
2125:
van den Hoek, C., Mann,D.G. & Jahns,M.H. (1995).
2198:
1948:
Seaweeds of the
British Isles. Volume 1: Rhodophyta
328:The life-cycle of the red algae has three stages (
2711:
2175:
323:
2327:Cryptogamic Botany Algae and Fungi. Volume 1.
2255:
2024:
2022:
2001:Norris, R.E. & Guiry, M.D. (2006-03-15).
2161:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2094:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2043:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2424:
2058:Abbott, I.A. & Hollenberg,G.J. (1976).
1996:
1994:
1992:
1946:Maggs, C.A. & Hommersand, M.H. (1993).
248:
161:and about 200 species worldwide, including
2376:Mondragon, J. & Mondragon, J. (2003).
2338:
2236:
2019:
31:
2435:Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute
2332:
2031:Seaweeds of the South African West Coast
1989:
1904:
300:and artificial substrata etc. from mid-
2712:
404:The species currently recognized are:
245:, and the width and length of thalli.
208:to a rocky surface or other alga. The
2457:
2456:
2661:23032fcd-d590-4634-85ba-59ae95648f33
399:
2127:Algae: An Introduction to Phycology
2110:A Handbook of the British Seaweeds.
13:
2199:von Sengbusch,Peter (2003-07-31).
222:shows a central axial cell with 4
14:
2736:
2405:
2280:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1981.00105.x
253:Species have been recorded from
53:
2380:. Sea Challengers, California.
2319:
2286:
2230:
2192:
2169:
336:it consists of a sequence of a
2102:
1976:
1898:
1880:
188:
1:
2378:Seaweeds of the Pacific Coast
2266:: Localization and Content".
1892:
314:is commonly found growing on
2033:. Bolus Herbarium Number 18.
289:, Greenland and Antarctica.
7:
324:Reproduction and life cycle
10:
2741:
2131:Cambridge University Press
2060:Marine Algae of California
394:
2465:
2237:Guiry,M.D. (2004-09-23).
2064:Stanford University Press
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
1874:
648:P. callithamnioides
249:Distribution and ecology
2264:Polysiphonia Nigrescens
2203:Polysiphonia nigrescens
2176:Parmentier,Jan (1999).
1146:P. hockstetteriana
1139:P. hochstetteriana
620:P. breviarticulata
375:develops to become the
230:. Its cuticle contains
2007:Greville 1823: pl. 90"
1982:Dickinson, C.I. 1963.
1804:P. tuticorinensis
1608:P. sertularioides
1419:P. parthasarathyi
943:P. flabelliformis
697:P. ceramiaeformis
42:Polysiphonia urceolata
2497:Polysiphonia Greville
2341:Biology of Rhodophyta
2329:Second Edition. p.337
2241:Polysiphonia echinata
2213:University of Hamburg
1860:P. yonakuniensis
1503:P. propagulifera
1342:P. nhatrangensis
1111:P. hemisphaerica
1055:P. guadalupensis
915:P. fernandeziana
627:P. brevisegmenta
515:P. australiensis
219:Polysiphonia elongata
157:on the coasts of the
2425:Sarah Skine (2000).
2268:Journal of Phycology
1748:P. tenuistriata
1699:P. subtilissima
1685:P. strictissima
1664:P. sphaerocarpa
1545:P. rhododactyla
1510:P. pseudovillum
1475:P. plectrocarpa
1363:P. nizamuddinii
1335:P. nhatrangense
1076:P. hapalacantha
985:P. foetidissima
978:P. foeniculacea
950:P. flabellulata
781:P. dasyoeformis
767:P. crassiuscula
760:P. crassicollis
417:P. abscissoides
2339:Dixon,P.D. (1973).
2296:Polysiphonia lanosa
1846:P. utricularis
1811:P. unguiformis
1769:P. tongatensis
1727:P. tapinocarpa
1601:P. senticulosa
1468:P. plectocarpa
1321:P. nathanielii
1314:P. namibiensis
1307:P. muelleriana
1104:P. havaniensis
1083:P. haplodasyae
1062:P. guernisacii
1041:P. gonatophora
1034:P. fuscorubens
964:P. flexicaulis
865:P. echigoensis
837:P. devoniensis
690:P. castelliana
606:P. boergesenii
536:P. banyulensis
508:P. atricapilla
473:P. arachnoidea
352:) plants (the male
317:Ascophyllum nodosum
311:Polysiphonia lanosa
2325:Smith, G.M. 1955.
1832:P. urbanoides
1776:P. tripinnata
1720:P. succulenta
1713:P. subulifera
1650:P. sonorensis
1622:P. shepherdii
1594:P. scopulorum
1573:P. saccorhiza
1531:P. ramentacea
1482:P. polychroma
1461:P. platycarpa
1405:P. paniculata
1391:P. orthocarpa
1356:P. nigrescens
1272:P. marchantae
1237:P. kotschyana
1209:P. johnstonii
1097:P. havanensis
1027:P. furcellata
971:P. flocculosa
929:P. fibrillosa
809:P. delicatula
739:P. constricta
704:P. cladorhiza
655:P. cancellata
641:P. caespitosa
564:P. beguinotii
557:P. beaudettei
452:P. amphibolis
2707:
2706:
2669:Open Tree of Life
2459:Taxon identifiers
2387:978-0-930118-29-7
2354:978-0-05-002485-0
2345:Oliver & Boyd
2186:Micscape Magazine
2140:978-0-521-30419-1
2108:Newton, L. 1931.
2073:978-0-8047-0867-8
1961:978-0-11-310045-3
1918:978-0-615-60306-3
1871:
1870:
1839:P. urceolata
1818:P. upolensis
1741:P. tenerrima
1587:P. sanguinea
1580:P. sadoensis
1552:P. rhunensis
1538:P. requienii
1517:P. pulvinata
1489:P. polyspora
1454:P. perriniae
1447:P. pernacola
1440:P. perforans
1433:P. pentamera
1244:P. kowiensis
1223:P. kappannae
1216:P. kampsaxii
1188:P. infestans
1069:P. hancockii
936:P. figariana
901:P. erythraea
894:P. elongella
844:P. dichotoma
802:P. decussata
795:P. decipiens
746:P. corymbosa
725:P. collinsii
683:P. castagnei
585:P. bifurcata
543:P. barbatula
494:P. atlantica
459:P. anisogona
445:P. adriatica
431:P. acuminata
424:P. acanthina
273:, islands in the
134:
133:
130:
2732:
2725:Red algae genera
2700:
2699:
2687:
2686:
2677:
2676:
2664:
2663:
2654:
2653:
2641:
2640:
2638:NHMSYS0021059967
2628:
2627:
2615:
2614:
2602:
2601:
2589:
2588:
2576:
2575:
2563:
2562:
2550:
2549:
2537:
2536:
2524:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2437:. Archived from
2400:
2399:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2336:
2330:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2304:. Archived from
2290:
2284:
2283:
2259:
2253:
2252:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2215:. Archived from
2196:
2190:
2189:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2160:
2152:
2122:
2113:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2093:
2085:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2042:
2034:
2026:
2017:
2016:
1998:
1987:
1986:. The Kew Series
1984:British Seaweeds
1980:
1974:
1973:
1943:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1902:
1887:
1884:
1797:P. tuberosa
1706:P. subulata
1643:P. sinicola
1636:P. simulans
1615:P. setigera
1559:P. rigidula
1524:P. quadrata
1496:P. porrecta
1412:P. paradoxa
1398:P. pacifica
1328:P. neglecta
1293:P. morrowii
1265:P. macounii
1258:P. letestui
1230:P. kieliana
1202:P. japonica
1181:P. indigena
1174:P. incompta
1090:P. hassleri
1048:P. gracilis
1020:P. funebris
1013:P. fucoides
1006:P. fragilis
957:P. flexella
879:P. elongata
872:P. echinata
823:P. derbesii
816:P. denudata
718:P. codicola
669:P. carettia
662:P. capucina
578:P. biformis
571:P. bicornis
529:P. bajacali
487:P. aterrima
438:P. adamsiae
410:P. abscissa
400:
125:
58:
57:
35:
21:
20:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2729:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2703:
2695:
2690:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2667:
2659:
2657:
2649:
2644:
2636:
2631:
2623:
2618:
2610:
2605:
2597:
2592:
2584:
2579:
2571:
2566:
2558:
2553:
2545:
2540:
2532:
2527:
2519:
2517:
2509:
2504:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2461:
2444:
2442:
2408:
2403:
2388:
2374:
2370:
2355:
2337:
2333:
2324:
2320:
2311:
2309:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2260:
2256:
2235:
2231:
2222:
2220:
2197:
2193:
2174:
2170:
2154:
2153:
2141:
2123:
2116:
2107:
2103:
2087:
2086:
2074:
2056:
2052:
2036:
2035:
2027:
2020:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1977:
1962:
1944:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1911:. Salt Corner.
1903:
1899:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1872:
1853:P. virgata
1790:P. tsudana
1762:P. tokidae
1692:P. stuposa
1678:P. stricta
1671:P. spinosa
1629:P. simplex
1426:P. parvula
1376:
1279:P. masonii
1195:P. isogona
1167:P. implexa
1118:P. hendryi
922:P. fibrata
886:
882:- lobster horns
788:P. daveyae
732:P. confusa
676:P. caspica
634:P. brodiei
599:P. blandii
592:P. binneyi
550:P. baxteri
522:P. azorica
480:P. arctica
466:P. anomala
397:
389:tetrasporophyte
377:carposporophyte
346:tetrasporangial
326:
251:
196:is a red alga,
191:
149:of filamentous
124:
90:Florideophyceae
52:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2738:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2701:
2688:
2678:
2665:
2655:
2642:
2629:
2616:
2603:
2590:
2577:
2564:
2551:
2538:
2525:
2515:
2502:
2487:
2471:
2469:
2463:
2462:
2451:
2450:
2422:
2407:
2406:External links
2404:
2402:
2401:
2386:
2368:
2353:
2331:
2318:
2285:
2254:
2229:
2209:Botanik online
2191:
2168:
2139:
2114:
2112:British Museum
2101:
2072:
2066:, California.
2050:
2018:
1988:
1975:
1960:
1931:
1917:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1825:P. urbana
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1783:P. triton
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1755:P. tepida
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1657:P. sparsa
1653:
1646:
1639:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1492:
1485:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:
1384:P. ornata
1378:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1310:
1303:
1300:P. mottei
1296:
1289:
1286:P. mollis
1282:
1275:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1251:P. lanosa
1247:
1240:
1233:
1226:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1184:
1177:
1170:
1163:
1156:
1153:P. homoia
1149:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1093:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
1002:
999:P. fracta
995:
992:P. forfex
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
946:
939:
932:
925:
918:
911:
908:P. exilis
904:
897:
888:
884:
883:
875:
868:
861:
858:P. dumosa
854:
847:
840:
833:
830:P. deusta
826:
819:
812:
805:
798:
791:
784:
777:
770:
763:
756:
753:P. crassa
749:
742:
735:
728:
721:
714:
711:P. coacta
707:
700:
693:
686:
679:
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
616:
613:P. boldii
609:
602:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
539:
532:
525:
518:
511:
504:
497:
490:
483:
476:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
398:
396:
393:
348:phases. Male (
342:carpospoangial
325:
322:
250:
247:
190:
187:
153:with about 19
143:red hair algae
132:
131:
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
87:
83:
82:
77:
73:
72:
70:Archaeplastida
67:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
28:
27:
16:Genus of algae
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2737:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:Rhodomelaceae
2718:
2717:
2715:
2698:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2656:
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2647:
2643:
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2595:
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2574:
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2556:
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2526:
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2516:
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2507:
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2498:
2492:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2441:on 2007-04-17
2440:
2436:
2432:
2430:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2383:
2379:
2372:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2350:
2347:, Edinburgh.
2346:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2322:
2308:on 2010-02-06
2307:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2258:
2250:
2249:
2244:
2242:
2233:
2219:on 2007-05-01
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2195:
2187:
2183:
2182:, a red alga"
2181:
2172:
2164:
2158:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2136:
2133:, Cambridge.
2132:
2128:
2121:
2119:
2111:
2105:
2097:
2091:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2065:
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2054:
2046:
2040:
2032:
2025:
2023:
2014:
2013:
2008:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1985:
1979:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1920:
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1910:
1909:
1901:
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1778:
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1773:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1743:
1742:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1734:P. teges
1731:
1729:
1728:
1724:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1707:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1696:
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1591:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1567:
1566:P. rudis
1563:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1546:
1542:
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1539:
1535:
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1392:
1388:
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1372:
1371:
1370:P. opaca
1367:
1365:
1364:
1360:
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1357:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1349:P. nigra
1346:
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1234:
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1213:
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1199:
1197:
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1189:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1178:
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1162:
1161:
1160:P. howei
1157:
1155:
1154:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1133:
1132:P. hirta
1129:
1127:
1126:
1125:P. herpa
1122:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1098:
1094:
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1038:
1036:
1035:
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1024:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1015:
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1001:
1000:
996:
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986:
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979:
975:
973:
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968:
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958:
954:
952:
951:
947:
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938:
937:
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926:
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916:
912:
910:
909:
905:
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881:
880:
876:
874:
873:
869:
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866:
862:
860:
859:
855:
853:
852:
851:P. dotyi
848:
846:
845:
841:
839:
838:
834:
832:
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827:
825:
824:
820:
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792:
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785:
783:
782:
778:
776:
775:
774:P. curta
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769:
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764:
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275:Pacific Ocean
272:
271:South America
268:
267:North America
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246:
244:
240:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
220:
215:
211:
207:
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198:polysiphonous
195:
186:
184:
183:Rhodomelaceae
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
159:British Isles
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
139:
128:
123:
122:
118:
115:
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110:Rhodomelaceae
108:
105:
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98:
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62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
44:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
2560:Polysiphonia
2467:Polysiphonia
2466:
2443:. Retrieved
2439:the original
2429:Polysiphonia
2428:
2416:Polysiphonia
2415:
2377:
2371:
2340:
2334:
2326:
2321:
2310:. Retrieved
2306:the original
2295:
2288:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2246:
2240:
2232:
2221:. Retrieved
2217:the original
2208:
2202:
2194:
2185:
2180:Polysiphonia
2179:
2171:
2126:
2109:
2104:
2059:
2053:
2030:
2010:
2005:Polysiphonia
2004:
1983:
1978:
1947:
1922:. Retrieved
1907:
1900:
1882:
1865:
1858:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1830:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1788:
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1767:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1697:
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1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1627:
1620:
1613:
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1585:
1578:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1480:
1473:
1466:
1459:
1452:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1375:
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1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
934:
927:
920:
913:
906:
899:
892:
885:
877:
870:
863:
856:
849:
842:
835:
828:
821:
814:
807:
800:
793:
786:
779:
772:
765:
758:
751:
744:
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730:
723:
716:
709:
702:
695:
688:
681:
674:
667:
660:
653:
646:
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632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
590:
583:
576:
569:
562:
555:
548:
541:
534:
527:
520:
513:
506:
501:P. atra
499:
492:
485:
478:
471:
464:
457:
450:
443:
436:
429:
422:
415:
408:
403:
354:gametophytes
334:Polysiphonia
333:
327:
315:
309:
291:
281:, southwest
279:South Africa
252:
236:
217:
194:Polysiphonia
193:
192:
142:
138:Polysiphonia
137:
136:
135:
121:Polysiphonia
120:
119:
63:
40:
25:Polysiphonia
24:
18:
2607:iNaturalist
2491:Wikispecies
2274:: 105–108.
385:carpospores
362:carpogonium
338:gametangial
263:New Zealand
239:dichotomous
214:pericentral
189:Description
181:and family
141:, known as
2714:Categories
2445:2007-05-09
2312:2007-05-09
2223:2007-05-03
1954:, London.
1893:References
356:) produce
306:rock pools
179:Ceramiales
171:Antarctica
100:Ceramiales
80:Rhodophyta
76:Division:
2581:FloraBase
2506:AlgaeBase
2420:Algaebase
2248:AlgaeBase
2157:cite book
2090:cite book
2082:180623827
2039:cite book
2012:AlgaeBase
1924:29 August
381:parasitic
358:spermatia
330:triphasic
259:Australia
224:periaxial
175:Greenland
151:red algae
2555:eFloraSA
2518:BioLib:
2476:Wikidata
2396:50912900
2149:28182088
1970:28928653
302:littoral
202:rhizoids
127:Greville
106:Family:
2684:4910831
2599:5277608
2482:Q610836
2243:Harvey"
395:Species
369:nucleus
366:diploid
350:haploid
298:limpets
294:mussels
232:bromine
210:thallus
206:haptera
155:species
145:, is a
116:Genus:
96:Order:
86:Class:
2697:143853
2681:uBio:
2674:674045
2658:NZOR:
2612:117836
2521:130142
2412:Images
2394:
2384:
2363:944032
2361:
2351:
2147:
2137:
2080:
2070:
1968:
1958:
1915:
1866:
373:zygote
332:). In
255:Europe
243:spiral
228:fronds
167:Greece
129:, 1823
2692:WoRMS
2625:13440
2586:26335
2547:63P5D
2534:55735
2511:37461
1875:Notes
287:Japan
163:Crete
147:genus
64:Clade
2651:2804
2646:NCBI
2620:ITIS
2594:GBIF
2573:9653
2529:BOLD
2392:OCLC
2382:ISBN
2359:OCLC
2349:ISBN
2163:link
2145:OCLC
2135:ISBN
2096:link
2078:OCLC
2068:ISBN
2045:link
1966:OCLC
1956:ISBN
1952:HMSO
1926:2024
1913:ISBN
344:and
283:Asia
269:and
261:and
173:and
2633:NBN
2568:EoL
2542:CoL
2418:at
2414:of
2276:doi
296:or
241:or
204:or
165:in
2716::
2694::
2671::
2648::
2635::
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2596::
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2570::
2557::
2544::
2531::
2508::
2493::
2478::
2433:.
2390:.
2357:.
2343:.
2300:.
2272:17
2270:.
2245:.
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2207:.
2184:.
2159:}}
2155:{{
2143:.
2129:.
2117:^
2092:}}
2088:{{
2076:.
2062:.
2041:}}
2037:{{
2021:^
2009:.
1991:^
1964:.
1950:.
1934:^
340:,
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285:,
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185:.
169:,
66::
2448:.
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2315:.
2298:"
2294:"
2282:.
2278::
2251:.
2239:"
2226:.
2205:"
2201:"
2188:.
2178:"
2165:)
2151:.
2098:)
2084:.
2047:)
2015:.
2003:"
1972:.
1928:.
319:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
